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Full text of "Systema mineralogicum: quo corpora mineralia in classes, ordines ..., Volume 2"

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ir. 

SYSTEMA 

MINER  ALOGICUM, 

QUO 

CORPORA  MINERALIA 

CLASSES, ORDINES,  GENERA  etSPECIES. 

SUIS  CUM  VARIETATIBUS.  DIVlSA* 

DESCRIBU^fXUI^» 

atqvb 
OBSERVATIONrBUS»  EXPERIMENTiS  ' 

tx  FIGURI5:«NEIS  ILCUSTRANTUR* 

JOHAN,  GOTSCH.  WALLERIO    ^' 

EQVItE  ORDIN.  Re6;  \i/A?At, 

K£0.  ORD.  ET  £MEH»^Pf.;  .     y      --    j       — 

AeAB£M«  »M#ER.   KAt.   CCRIOS.   UEC  NOjf  -    '  /'  ' 

KR4  ACAD.  STOCKKt  BT    VfJ. 

MEMBRO. 

TOM.  II. 

la  quo 

•  MINERS  &  CONCRETA  dcfcrlbontur. 

Cum  Indice  qvadtuplicl. 
Editia  nova  6?  cotretta^ 

•  CtJM   PRIV.  SeR.   EtECt.  Saxomia. 


VmNNM, 
Ex  Omeur^  Kkavsiaka  ,  1778. 

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Magnanim  remm  ctiam  tenuis  notitia  in 

pretio  habetur. 

Leibnitius*  Fmog^ 

Sed  accidit* 

ut  ilia*  qvaeTe  fcirecredas,  nefcias, 

Et,  qv»  tibi  putaris  prima,  in  experiun* 

do  ut  repudifs* 

TfiR£NTius« 


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Benevde  LeSor  &  Minerophile. 

Pw  trienriium  fer6  hit,  qvi  tatidem  lucem  ad* 
fpicit  feCundus  Syfteinatis  Mimrahgici  2(h 
tnus ,  fub  prelo  fudavit. 

Hoc  non  ttiea  culpa  feftumt  fed  pfaematura 
tnOT^l.d.  Dite&oris  L.  Salvii,  qvi  impehfaa 
in  fe  fufcepic  Typographicas ;  &  fubfeqvem  tottus 
officiDse  Typogfaphic*  cransportatio  inaliam,  a 
priori  fatis  iremotatn  domutn ;  aliaiqve  piurimte » 
qufe  hujusmodi  occanones,  *  indivulfo  qvafi  fie- 
XU,  concomitare  folent,  triftiores  iircumftafltiaB, 
non  potueruhc  noti  incepturti  teborein,  I^pius  ab- 
rupcum,  faspius  &  iterum  continuatutn ,  nimium 
tetafdai^e^ 

Haec  inevitabilia,  nonprftvifa,  imped^'memat 
Tthi.  B.  Dt^iit  &  MinetGpbile  iion  igtiotA  elte 
volui ;  neqve  reticere  debui ,  ne  aliqvatn  mihi  im- 
putes ignaviam ,  vel  toagna?  tne  accufes  flegligen- 
ti«,  dum  huUaiii,  in  hac  Syjlematis  MineraldgiCy 
parte ^  Videre  Tthi  contingit  m6ntioneni  eofurti^ 
qvs  his  pofterioribus  Annis^  hac  in  fciencia,  fu&c 
obfetvaca  &  ea^ktiz. 

Hanc  ob  cauilam,  firtui  perf^afas,  plufapoft 
hKC  dettrgi  poffe^  qvibus  cognirio  CorporUm  Mi* 
fleralium  vel  amplificari  vel  eoiendari  pot&it^  In 
animum  duxi,  ft  Deus  vitatn  viresqve  conceireric, 
in  peculiari  y^pindUe  ilia  addere  corpora  minera- 
lia^  cum  eorunderadefcriptione,  (\mx  in  hoc  Sy» 
ftemace  vel  omiffa  vel  hucusqVe  ignota   fiieradt. 

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P  R  iE  F  A  T  I  O. 

Ne  vero  omnia,  q7£nuper  fuiitobrervata,m^ 

ta6bi  relinqvam,noniiulla,  que  extra  dubitationis 

aleam  Tunc  poHta,  Ti^^  venia  B.  L.heicconHiiemorare 

volo ,  juxta  ordinem  in  Sylletnate  fufceptum. 

(A)  NiTRUM  NATivuM,qvodqvidem  indicavip.47 

Ohf^    a.  in  Indiis  &  Peru,  j-jxta  aliorum  re- 

lationes,  reperiri  perfede  cryftaJlifatum^  inter 

reliqua  vero  corpora  mineralia  connumerare  no- 

lui,  donee ,  certior  fierem,   qvod  jam  fadtum 

in  Act.  Stockb.  Foh  XXXUL  p.  171.  ubi  com- 

memoratur    in    Tartaria     Tibet ,   fub   Domnio 

Cbinenfi^  hoc   ipfum    Nitrum  natlvum  reperiri: 

unde,  ni  fallor,  mea  confirmatur  opinio  de^hu- 

jus  Salis»  ad  utrasqve  partes  conftitudvas,  per- 

feda  &  fimultanea  origine;  fimul&;patet,biaaa 

hujus  falis  confHtui  debere  fpecied* 

1}  Nitrum  KATivuM,cryftaUinum,  plus  minus 

purum« 
3)  NiTRUM,  terra  mitteralifatum ,  vel  potius  invO' 
iuium^    TBRRA  NiTRARiA,   qv«e^demeft» 
qvam  defcriplimus  pag.  45. 
CB3  Circa  indo^em  Saus  alkalini  MiNBRALi^t 
feu  Natron />.  62.  obfervandum»  trinas  jam 
efle  notas  varietates^ 
(a)  Natron  cryfiallina  facie;  cryftalUsprifinaticis 
parallelis,  aliqvando  obliqvis,  aliqvando  ftriatis, 
fecie  fere  Gypji,  Reperitur  maxima  copia  in  prO' 
vimia   Suckena  Regni    IripoUtm^    ad  radicem 
montis,  ubi  ab  Arabibus  TroM  appellatur,  ad 
Saponificationes  apti0imum ;  ut  indicavit  Chr. 
Baggb  in  AcJ.  6teckb.  Vol  XXXIK  p.    140* 
(fr,  D.  Monro  m  Tratf,  Afigl  I771.  M  ^i» 

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P  R  ^  F  A  T  1  O. 

Ad  banc  Varietatera  pertinet  Sibericum,  qvod  ob- 
fervavit  Gmelw  cryftaUifatum ,  ut  ia  ohfervth 
fume  indicavimus  p.  62,  allata, 

(b)  Natron  in  majfa  out  g^ba  concretum^  in  pu» 
r'oribus  fruftulis  albis,  Terris  immixtum,  vel 
Terrena  crufta  cin&um^  fads  purum,  omnia 
indida  Salis  Alkalini  mlneraUs  cxhibens,  non- 
nifi  parcifliime  Sale  cmmuit  materia  Phlogi- 
ftka,  fern  fie  marga  cotnmixtum ,  ut  expertug 
eft  N.  V.  Engbstrobm  in  A6f^  Stock,  VoU 
XXXIllp,  172  &c.  Ex  regno  Ham  in  71- 
heff  ubi,  qvemadmoduni  &  a  Chinenlibus,  vo- 
catur  Kien, 

(c)  l^ATRON  infuperficie  terra  efflorefcens.  Idem 
eft  qvod  p.  62.  defcriptgm. 

(C)  In  refpeduad  domicilium,  inter  recentiora  in- 

venta  yeferre  debeo,  Sal  nbi^trum  Acidula- 

KB  Angucanum,  feu  EBSHAMBNvSe  9  qvod    in 

Scblfto   in   Normannia^   prope  Littry,  &  alibi, 

in  Pyritaceis  lapidlbus,  qv?B  fua  fatifcentia  prae- 

bcnt   y^umen  &  Sal  'Ebsbmenfi^    obfervavit 

&  expertus  eft  MonnBt  in  A^»  Stockb,    Vol, 

XXXIF.  p.  ^S7.  &c, 

Huic  obfervationi  &  illani  addere  debeo,  qvam 

mecnm  D,  Roubllb  communicavic  Scilicer,  re- 

periri   hoc  Sal  EhsbamenJ^  aliqvanda  efflorefcens 

in  ftratia  Margaceis  albis  &  tarulefcentibus  ^    qv^e 

inftar  Te^i,  Gypjo  incumbunt;   aliqvando  fie  cum 

ecdem  inter  ftrat^  reperiuntur  ad  Montmartre   in 

Gallia  y  in  qvibus   ftratis  qvantitas  Cakarece  terrae 

eft  maxime  difcrepans,  &  ea  aliqvando  tenuitate 

&  puritate,  utacido  Fitriolico  tradtaca  hoc  SalCa- 

tbcrticum  prsbeat^ 

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PH  -«;  F  A  T  1  o, 

Exiftimat  Clariffsmus  AuQnr  ^  Mok^ket,  hact 
fua  alUt^  obferyatione^  hafm  l\ujas  Sails  Qatbar^ 
ticij  Magnesiam  ai^b^m^  cujus  mentioaera  &  de- 
fcriptionero  fecimus  pag.  49  lit.  e  &  p^  71.  fif^. 
inter  primipales  &  primitivas  coramunerari  debe-. 
reteTi:as,  eapdemqve  ut- fw^/e;/w  inter  Qilcaream 
tetram  &^argillam,e(\j^  cQnfiderandam^  Facile  huio 
fent<?a(ia3.  aflenfum  prajber?  vellem,  &  genericuiu 
huic  terrjB  boc  ia  Syftemat^  aflignar^  locum,  ft 
niodo  priu?  indiQatu.na  fuerit,  qva  terrae  loco,  per 
fe  fubiiftena.  &;  Hofpicans  reperiatur;  hac  etenimli-. 
n^  circumftantia  &  proprietate,  eaadem  Terras  ija- 
ter  reliqvas  per  fe  fubiiftentes  &  primitivas  irome- 
rito  qonnumerari ,  contendo.  Sic  ^Ikali  in  Nitra;^ 
prsefens,  nultibi  per  fe  fubfMlens^  fimiliter  lerra 
jifuminis  ^  nuUibi  nifi  in  ^lumine  vel  min^a  yilu^ 
mnis  praefens,^  ftv^  apelletur  j^gilk  pur$^  live, 
^vod  re„6lius  eft,  ad  evitandamcpafuGononKS^nj^- 
las  confeqventiaa;.  Terra  alumnis^  nullunj  inter  ue^ 
Hqva  corpora  mineraUa  obtinere  pofluat  locum, nifi 
priui  indic^tum  fuertt>  ubinam  Nitrofufn  Alkali  & 
Terra  ajimims  reperiatur  per  fe  fuhfiftens.  Mini-. 
me  fufficit,  hujusmodi  Terras  e  corporibus  qvibus^ 
dam ,  mediaate  folutionci ,  plus  minus  artiJKciofa^ 
feparari  poffe ;  eq  ns^mqve  ipfo  non  evincitur  eas-. 
d^m  ut  pfimogenias  &  per  fe  fubliftentes  terraa 
conliderari  d^bere^  Sed,  non  ujiice  haac  ob  caus- 
ft^m  jam  allataaa,  fententiae  MoNNftxri  aliorurnqve^ 
idem  f^ntientium^  allenfum  praebere  oondum  pos- 
fum,  V^Uem  ab  iisdem  evi6):um&  demoaflracua^ 
effet,  banc  Jf^agneftam  «lbam  non  confide^rari  poffe^ 
ut  yel  a  Calearm  terra  ortam  9  VqI  cum  eadem  co- 
gnatam,    Jl#egi  ^videm  nuper  a  oouaemine  dl<:^un^i| 

haac 

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PR  iEE  A  TI  O. 

banc  Terrain  falfo  &  erronee  haberi,  vel  pro  ar- 
lis  fcetu,  vel  ut  a  Calcarea  terra  dependence;  fed 
nullas  vidi  rationes^  Verba  vero  nil  valen^,  eciamd 

faifis  ftipata  effent  circumftandis.     Id  certum  eft, 
qvod  in  omni  ab  Acidis  fafta  folutione,  fe  eodem 
gerat  modo  ut  Calcarea  terra, &  non  eftignotum, 
qvod  Calcareas  terrae,'  non  folum  per  fe,  diverfa 
exiftant  indole ,  ut  alibi  demonftravimus »  fed  &, 
fub  diverfa  folutione ,  cum  uno  eodemqve  Acido 
Virriolico,  diverfimode  traftaca ,  diverfara  induant 
tndolem  ,  imo ,   reipfa  in  Sal  amarum  cum  eodem 
combinari  pofllnt^     Certe,  neqve  ignotum  efle  de- 
bet, Caicaream  vel  Cretaceam  terram  Acido  Fitri^ 
§U  prius  nuptara,  deinde  vero  feparatam  &    opti- 
me  lotam,  fe  eodem  habere  modo,   cum   acidis 
non  efFervefcens ,    ut  Terra  a  Sak  Ebshamenft  fe- 
parata  &  lota.     Certe,  ut  ingenue  dicam,  qvid  fen- 
tiam,    probabilius  mulco  mihividetur,  Magneftam 
aWam   uc  mediam  inter  Sal  alkalimm   naturale   & 
Terr/aw  G?/c^rf ^fw  confiderari  poffe ,  qvam   ut  me- 
diam  inter  Caicaream    terram   &    argillam,  qvum 
potius  ad  Salinam  qvam  terream  inclinec  indolem, 
imo ,  aqva  folubilis  exiftat ,  &  rare  vel  nunqvam 
nifi  in  connubioSalium  aut  jicidorwnj  aut  Salis com- 
munis vel  Nitri  reperiatur.  Nonne  terra  Cilcarea, 
poft  defliliationem  Salts  Ammoniaci  cum  die  Ftva^ 
refidua,  optime   &  perfed:e   elixiviata,     in    A- 
qva  fit  folubilis ,  cum  Acidis  effervefcens  &  cum 
Acido  Fariolico  Sal  amarum  praebeat?  Nonne  ab 
Aqva    Calcis   cum    Acido    VitrioUco^   obtinetur    re 
ipia  Sal   neutnm   Amarum^    iieqvaqvam    felenites 
nili  alio  adhibico  artiiicioF     Nonne  haec   terra  ,Jn 
Verum   Sal  alkalinum^    poft  combinationem   cum 

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PR^FATIO; 

\M^S!  &  Phk^k4  materia  fit  mutabtfis?  Hmc; 
a  nonaullianon  inepce  vocatur  Ttrra  Salitta,  v«i 
Sal  Terrwm^  a  nonquUis  Sal  Pmrak*    Plura  ad- 
ferre  poflem  expetimeoea ,  Rec^ndoribua  Chemicia 
pleno  ignota,  qvibus  haexJ  ftntentia  iHuftrari  poflTet, 
fed  h«c  ipfa  in  aliud  differre  vqIq  tempus.  His  fun-, 
damentisinmxua,  qvum  nunqvJim  aliter  qvam  uc 
^cuknf«liter  iramixta  ^ffe  polUt    Magnefta   alb^ 
Terna  ^  lapidilnis  ,  a  qvibua  via  humtda  feparari 
didtur ;  opto ,  wt  ac(nira(is  obfervatiombua  deeifatu 
fiat  4  annoQ  iila  loca,  ubi  magnefia.  repeticur  lapi- 
dibua  iohaerens,  oUm  fub  unda  mmm  fubftiterinc. 
His  remotis  dubiis,  eandem  inter  Cakareas.  terras: 
connuraerare  vqIo,    inter   principalis  &  primii 
tivas   enim  nunqvam  Qonnumerari  pQteft,  m^r- 
demqve  compellare; 
Calcahba  terra  temipma  ,-  ^Ibo^  <7^<i  [^kr 
bills  9  ign(  mutabilis^ 
(P)  Bqracis  uATivinotitiamnonpriusbabuhniw^ 
qvam  eandem  in  ^flf,  Stockb^  Vol  XXXFHK 
p.  3^  a,  nobis  reliqvitj  N*  v*  ENGESTRceM,huqci 
Boracem    nativum    accuratiflime    examinans, 
qvem.ex  Terra  va,  Tartarico  Regm.  Tibet ,  effoi- 
ium  obtinuic  a  J.  A.  Grh^i:,^      Vocatur  in  lo- 
co Pom-xa  &  oqcurric  vel  in  grannlis  mino^ 
ribus  aut  majoribus,  vel  cryftallia  femipelluci- 
dis,  prifmatici$,  <J  vel  8  lateribus,  apicibua    u- 
trinqveobtufis,      Omnis  hie  effoifus  Borajc  m 
olUs  ferreia  vel  metaUicia,  fimplicicodione  cum 
aqva,   absqve  omni  additamento,  liberate  a 
terra  aUidqve  heterogeneisadbaereptibus,  &cry<. 
ftalUfaiur*    Hinc  difcirows,  ^oracm  dari    na- 
tivum >  line  ulla  praparatiooe,  eundemqvo  re> 
pwki,  tripUci  varietate^  C*) 

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PR-ffiFATIO. 

(n)  Borax    nativus  purior^    qui  (ryftaUiM  wT 

farinacea  alba  apparet  facie, 
(b)  Borax    nativus  ,    terra    grifea  iavohttus^ 

TlNCAL^ 

("c^  Bqrax  NATiyus  pingvediw  itmhtu^    Tin- 
^AL  SAPomcKus,  qvi  eft  Saponi  fere  lijniliS| 
iderai  ^vem  defcripfimus  p»  83. 
(E)  Ad  MiNBRAs  FsRi^t  Aif BAS|  p.  2^5  dcfcriptas 

addere  jam  poiTumi|£(  ut  vanetJ^tem  nonam: 
(I^  MiNBRA  FBRR?  AiiBA,  ciyfiaUifata,  cellularis, 
cryftallis  lamellaribu^  crJ^ffioribus,  fegmentum 
ferecifculi  referentibus,  eyeftis,  ^a?B  ad  figu- 
ram  Crifla  galli  accedere  videntur,  colore  al- 
bo,  ad  viredinem  parum  inclinJUite.  De  £e;^: 
ryprope  Bayontw  in  Mwf<t  Pyf^ff: 

Hoc  loco ,  bjeviter  qvoqve  adder©  volo  me^ 
tm  opiononem  de  fuhtUiffimo,  &  nuxiple  FoJatili 
Sfnritu  in  /IciduUs  praefente,  corundemqve  qvafi 
Animam  conftituente,  ante  ao  annos,  plurimis  iflf 
fiitutis  expenmentis  fuperftrudam,  ut  ulcerius  illu- 
iftrencuF,  quae  de  hoc  Spiritu  diximusp^^g*  6,  lit.  e» 
i^em,  fcilicet  fpirituofum ,  a  lentz  mimra  Pyrita* 
(f^  cujusdatn  fattfietttia  derivandum  effe,  conten- 
difqu«.  Primam  huic  raeae  fententiae  occafionem 
de4<c  abfenti^  ferri  &  Fitritli  in  ompibus  genui- 
Dui  jiddulis}  ueutrumnamqve  in  iisdeookdemoi^a- 
ri  poteft:  nam  viridii  color,  qvem  fufcipit  Syru» 
pus  Fiolaftm ,  4um  his  acidularibus  Aqvis  inftil- 
latur,  neqvaqyam  «  Ferra  depeudet,  fed  ab  hoc 
Spiritu  fulpUureo,  qvi  qunqvam  pon  eundem  Sy* 
rupm  viridi  tin^t  colore?  ptaBtentia  vero  ocbra 
iR^/Mfij,  alibi  tenuioris,  alibi  craflioris,  qvama- 
qvs  addulares  deponere  foleot,  nullo  nifi  falis  com* 

}( ^  inu- 

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PR  :«F  A  T I  a 

WQiAs  acido  folubtlem  ^  ut  latiB  eft  notum^  Ex  hap 
wbra^  recentiores  xiecepd^  Ferrum  in  Acidulis  «;e* 
nuiois  neceflarioadeflemale  fibi  parfvalerunc.  Pro^ 
piusilli  fcopum  attigiiTe  mihi  videntur,  licec  mi* 
nus  ads6qvace  &re£ie,  qvi  /iqyas  ferrugineas  prar 
papare  voluerunt,  decoijvenda  tenutiUmam  ocbram 
cum  aqva  pura  fontana.  His  ailatis  momeiicis  ac« 
cedit  Hepaticus  odor  ^  ab  ipfis  aqvis,  domo  auc  van 
fe  claufo  fervatis  perceptibilis,  vel  in  confiniis  aci- 
duUrUm  prorumpens,  ut  &  Sulpbureum  ^  qvod 
Sbipius  k  SaUbus  neutris  acidularibus^  per  fubli^ 
mattonembbtinuit,  ut  indioavimus  p^g^  73.  His 
aliisqve  circumftantiia  exctcatus ,  ut  aliqvo  modo 
naturam  imitari  poflTem  9  experimentum ,  pa§^  6^ 
comtnemoracum  inftitui  cum  Lmatu\a  Martii  6p 
^ritu  VitridU  Aqvofo^  parum  Cakis  ad  aqvam 
b  vas  refcipiens  infufam  addendo^.  Hinc  aqvam 
obttnui  ^iritu  Sulpbureo  gravidam  in  Reciptente^ 
qvae  omnes  fere  probationes  Aqu»  mineraUs  fufti^^ 
nuit,  fuamqve  tenuilOmam,  pod  aliqvod  tem^ 
pus  9  depofuit  ochram,  hunc  ipiricum  fine  dubio 
concomitantem  ^  ab  eodem  vero  deinde  avolante 
feparatam  &  reli6kam.  Promte  &  hsc  ocbra  te- 
nuiifima  pra^cipitatur,  ii  huic  aqva9  fpirituofse  in- 
fiiodantur  nonnull»  guttulse  oki  Tartari  per  deU* 
gvium^  Syrupi  Fiolarum  color  ab  eadem  in  vire- 
dinem  mutatur.  FateoF,  banc  aqvam  preparatam 
fkpore  f^iifie  naufeofo,  meliorem  veco  Beri  pofle 
credo,  fi  plura  interponantur  Vafa  media  inter  vas 
recipiens  &  retortam,  ut  tenuior  obtineatur  fpiri-t 
tus.  Perfefte  autem  naturalibus  aqvis  ceqvalem 
fieri  non  urgeo  ^  perfpidena  maxtmam  efle  diffd- 
fWtiam  inter  illum^  qvi  per  naturam  a  lenta  fati*- 

fcen- 

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P  R  -^  F  AT  1  0/ 

§tenti»  Pyrits  producitur  (plritus,  &  quern  fbr^ 
ti  &violent&  ^ervef(:eQtia9  arte  obtioemus.  Si 
qvis  hunc  Vaporem  9  qyi  vel  f^b  fttifc^ntia  Py- 
ritap  naturali  producitur  ^  vdl  fuh  efFervefcentia 
Acidi  Vitriolici  cum  ferro  generatur,  ob  ^lajlick 
tatcm  &  volatilitatem  appellare  velit  Aerm  fixum^ 
twt^  ob  inflammabiUcatem  9  aerem  infiamm^bilem^ 
aut,  ob  acidam  indolem^  ^(^idum  /Tereum^  nobis 
perinde  elTe  poteft,  mode  in  re  conveniamua^  14 
onini  cum  certicudine  dicere  polTumus,  omnes, 
qvi  alio  modo,  qvam  per  indic^tam  fatifcentiaiq 
Sf.  deilruflionem  minera  Pyritacea  fpirituoftim  in 
Acidulis  praefens  producere  volunt,  &  Aqvas  A- 
cidulares  arte  praeparare,  plus  minus  f^ri^gypfi^ 
vel'  'uitrioU  addendo,  oronino  a  natural!  difcede- 
r^  via,  eorundemqve  Aquas  neqvaqvam  ilia  exhi^ 
bere  poflephaenomena,  qvae  indjcavimus,  &plur* 
indicari  poffent,  (i  hujus  eflet  loci  ea  de  re  ube- 
rius  agere,  Melius  &  certius  jiqva  Acidulares 
etiini  Pyrmontana^  arte  praeparari  pofliint,  fi  cot# 
pia  Pyritarum  in  loco  9  a  fonte  parum  remoto^ 
qyem  A(][ya^  fijis  |q  Yenis  fiuentes  c^^qfeunc^  de- 
foderetur. 

EITent  et  qva^am  ad  Tbmumprimum  adden* 
da,  inprimis  qvod  Terras  primogemas  &  princi- 
pales  concernit ,  qvas  recentiores  nonnulli  binatjo 
vel  ternarig  9M6las  voluerunt  numero^  nimirum^ 
Magmfia  alba^  Terra  Silicea  &  Terra  Manganeth 
fi;  fed,  ne  Tua^  B.  L.  abutar  patientiaprolixo  fer^ 
mone,  id  folum  breuicer  indicare  volo ,  qvod  de 
prima  Magnefia  4ilba^  gratis  inter  terras  funda- 
mentales  &  primordialed  connumerata,  nuper  di- 
ximus,    qvid   obfervanduiQ.       Secunda^     Silicea^ 

majo- 

Digitized  by  Vj005 IC 


PRJEFATia 

majori  jure  ad  principales  referri  poffet  terras ,  fi 
exiilerec  ,  fed  non  entis  nullae  poflTunc  elTe  afFedlio* 
nes;  nullibi  enitn  adhuc,  in  uUo  mundi  angulo, 
qvantum  mihi  nocum^  eft  reperca,  imo  pe  qvidem 
veftigium  ejusdem  per  fe  fubfiftentis;  minus  itaqve 
prudenter  inter  terras  primogenias  &  principales 
numerabitur.  Inlapidibus  plurimis  hujusmodi  ter- 
ram  exiftere ,  notilliraum  eft ,  fed  nunqvam  non 
lapidea  indole,  nullibi  terrea.  Qvi  ab  aliis  lapidibus 
eandem  j  mediante  Tolutione,  feparari  pofTe  exifti« 
mant,  fe  aliosqve,  in  prapcipitatis,  fuis  conclufioni- 
bus,  decipiuqt,  non  perfpicienteaqvas  mutati ones 
terras  in  folutionibus  fubeant*  Qvomodo  lapides 
a  terra  non  exiftente  componi  potuerunt?  De  Ter- 
ra manganenft  meam  attuli  fententiam  Im.  h  />♦ 
333.  &  nullag  adhuc  vidi  rationes  vel  experimen-r 
ta,  qvae  me  ab  eadem  dimovere  poffint, 

Haec  pro  mea  jam  fufficere  poflTunc  defenfio^ 
ne;  alia  occafione,  li  Deus  vitam  viresque  con« 
cefferit,  uberius  hasaliasqveNeotericorumaberra* 
tiones  modefte  exaroinare  volo^ 

Utvero  fimul  perfvafum  mihi  habeo,  non 
paucos  hoc  in  Syftemate  Mineralogico  cum    tem- 
pore detegi  poflTe  vel  errores  vel  defe6lus  ;  itaqve 
2i  B.  L.  amice  9  icerum  iterumqve  oro,  praeter* 
mifla  aut  errata ,  benigne  fuppleas  vel  igno* 
fcaSy  mihi  meisqve   laboribus 
faveas^    Vale. 


Cobovi 


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*««*«^^  ,.#«%<»^aiC<S©»^  .-f«t««»»v 


*W-d' 


Cla0s  3fia» 
MlNERyE.  c§.  6.  3.) 

MZNERi£  funt  corpora    fbbterranea   compofitt^    t 
terra   vcl  tepfrfg  qvoicunqvc:^  &  alia  materia  aut 
jfe/«nfl ,     vd  Julpbwria  vcl  bituminofa  ^   aat  jemi- 
iTsel^ictf  vel  metaUica.       ^  ' 

Seqventibus  itaqve  proprietatihus  tcgnofcenda^ 

fiDO.  QonfifterUia  font  initufra   vel  t^rrea  friabili^  vel  la- 
pidea  duriori)    nanqvam  vefo  ad  perfe£Um  &  fum* 
tnam  lapidum  duridem  accedente  ;  irarios:  fluids, 
ado.  Necefle  eft  contineant  vel  falinum^  qvod  ftepe  faport 
femper  vero  elixiviatioiic  cum  aqva  cognofci  poteft; 
vol  fulpbureum  aut  bituminojim  ^  qvod  interdum  odo* 
re )    fspius  in  igne  fe    prodit  flammam   vel  ignem 
concipiendo  J  Veljimiimklieumzut  metaUkum  qvid, 
qvod  vel  p^^ultari  ie  prodit  colore ,   vel  fufione  rite 
inftituta  elici  poteft.     Interdum  bina  ex.  his  recenfi- 
tis  ^  interdiim  &  trina  in  uno  eodemqve  corpore  prae- 
fentia  deprehcnduntur. 
3tit.  Plerumqve  reperitur  terra  vel  lapis  5    qvi  hujusmodi 
corporibus  eft  mixtus  &  imprsgnatus,  gravior,  qvam 
purior ,  de  csetero  aeqvalis. 
4to.  Simul  &  plerumqve  diverfo  ^  a  reliqvis ,    colore  folent 
hnjusmodi  ad  mineras  connumerandas  terras  &  lapidcs 
cffe. 
5to.  Perdunt  qvoqve  miners  plurimum  ponderis  cum  a- 
qva  vel  oleo  coUa  vel  in  igne  combuftaS)  nonnullis 
exceptis. 
Tom.  li.  A  Obf. 


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Google 


Ot/:  I.  Simwnt  vocem  Miwbb.^  /  alU  ftriftiori  fenfti,  pet 
nioeras  ilU  folom  Intelligentes  corpora  fubterranea,  qvae 
ftmimtMctaniVX  metalliem  qvid  contineot ,  q vo  fenfu  qvld  , 
Mi«era  fit,  ia  hujUs  Cl^]>s  Ord.  h  mdicare  volumus;  aln 
latius  banc  vocem  exteaouot ,  fub  mineris  comprehendeo- 
00  infuper  A/iM  & /«/p*»««  corpora,  qv«,  «qvali  jure 
cum  metallis  «i  femimettlUi ,  ut  aliena  corpoa  terns  Vel 
lapidibus  iininixta  coDfiderati  debcnt  ;  qvo  fundamento 
etiam  Minetas  a  Fossiubus,  qvo  nomine  ladicantur  tfct- 
ra!  &  lapidea  ftle,  fulphure  &  metallo  vel  fenumetallo 
vacuae  &  carentu ,  optime  diaingvuntur.  Et  hoc  reafu 
miners  vocem  heic  fuoipfimut  i  Wii  aliiet  has  voces  lu- 
terpretantar. 

Vtobe  veio  fiinul  nofceodom,  vix  dari  tenam  aut  lapld^ 
omnr  fale,  fulphure ,  femimetallo  aut  metallo  privatum, 
ideo  uroen  hue  retertl  non  poffe,  qvum  ab  ji^dem  hujus- 
modi  corpora  felma,  fulphuiea,  femimetslUca  aur  metal- 
Uca  elicl  noi^  folcnt .  nee  cum  aliqvaU  lucro  elici  polTunt. 

Qhd  %  Salia,  fulphura  Imo  JemimetaUa  &  mrfa/ii,  non  folum 

tetrir    &    bpiiiia/.  verum  etlamin  aijvts  ploriroJs,  imo 

aUavanda  in  corporibus  vegetabihbui  &  Mtmlihus  latere 

natam.  elt;  fed  bujusmodi  dojnicilia  corporum    minerali- 

-  un  buc  prxcife  aoa  pettiaent ,  fuo  tamen  l<ico  indicaofla. 


i,  84. 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


JH  >  O  (  M)  I 

S.  84- 
Or  do  mus',     • 

SALIA;     :■ 

Sveth.  Salt  -  arter.       j    :. 
Gall.  Les  Sels 
Germ.  Salza&tem  ^ 

Sunt  corpont  pluc  minus  compoftU)   flnida  veliblida^ 
fapida  ^  aqva  folubilia,  ,  ,    , 

Oif.  MiB  proprietaeibuis  geaeralioribus  addere  folent  nonnulli 
cb€mt€i  ,  Sali'a  efle  grmiiUU  fpecifica  &  fixitate  in  igoe,  me* 
dia  inter  aqvas  &  terras;  fed  hae  proprietates,  an  fiilibus 
purilliiiiifl  acidia  omnitiDS  &  (aM^  volatili  Temper  coi](ipe« 
tant  9  dubito.  Nee  de  omni  fale  dici  poteft  qvod  in  igoe 
fomat  .vel  fuoditur,  qvum  deotur  noDoulia,  qvibua  neu- 
ccam  conpetit« 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


4  tH)    O  CKI 

2/  SALIA  ACID  A.         Gen.  32; 

Sveth.  Sura  Salter.  Mineraliska  Syror 

Gall.     SeLS   ACiDES.     ACIDES    MINERAUX  » 

Gwrm^     Saure      Salze^        Mineralische      SauRe 

Salze 

imo    Sapore  funt  noto  acido  vel  auflcro,  plus  minus,  pro 
f      ratione  puritatis'^  pungente  &  corrofivo. 

ado.  Cum  falihus  alkalinu  atqve  terris  &  lapidihus  calct- 
fe'>;  effervefcunt,    magna   ad   ilia  corpora   attraftionc 

praedita. 

3ti<>-  Colorem  vegefabilium  aeruleum  &  violaceum  in  rU' 
brum  mutant, 

4to.  Non  rcperiuntur  per  fc  fubllftcntia,  nifi  rarius  in  for- 
ma vaporofa  aut  fluida ,  ob  magnam  ad  aqvam  attra- 
flionem.  Temper  de  csetcro  aliis  corporibus  unita. 

§.  S6. 

I4     SAL  ACIDUM    VUriolicum^      Acidum    Vitriol^ 

Spec,  225» 
jicidum  Sulphuris ,  vel  Catholictpn  Chemicorum. 
Jlcidum  Vitrioli  purum.     Cronstedt  121. 
Sveth.   WiKTRiLSrSrRA.     Swafvel-SyRA 

Gall*    ACiDE  VjxilOLIQVE 

Germ.  Vitri6l  v)^v  5chwefel  -  SavrG 

Hoc  Acidum  >in^puriffimo  ftatu,  maxima  aqv«   copia 
privatum  feqventibus  n^fcitur  proprktatibus» 

I  mo.  Confiftmtia  craiTum  &  sttt«£hi  qvaii  unSuoAim,  fine 
odore  &  alio  qvam  aqveo  colore.  Hinc  nomen  oUi 
vitrioli  obinuit. 

sdo.  Frigore  conglaciatur  in  folidam  cryftallinam  confiftend* 
am  9  &£;uram  aiTuraens  vitrioli  mortis  cryftallifati. 

Jtio. 


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Google 


«»  )  o  C  «t  5 

}tit«  Gramtate  fpec^a^  inter  omnia  nobis  nota  liqvida, 
mercufio  excepto^  gaudet  maxima,  in  ptoportione 
ad  aqvam,    ut  i,ooo  ad  i^ioo. 

4to.  FuHijjuiium  de  oiiim  acido,  icd  certis  tantum  in  cir- 
cumftantiis,  fcilicet  y  in  refpcftu  ad  diverfa  cor- 
pora» 

5to.  Fixiffimum  in  ignc  inter  omnia  falia  Acida,  fine  du- 
bio  ,  ob  qvanticatem  ipfius  acidi  majorem ,  forfan  & 
ob  alias  particulas  immixta$« 

5to.  C(nnburit  omnia  vegetabilia  &  animalia  corundem- 
qvc  part^s^  atqvc  in  carhonem  nigrum  vcrtit,  ignia 
inilar. 

^mo.  Maxima  gaudet  vi  attracliva  ad  omnem  materiam  f«- 
flammabilem  ^  ^d  falia  alkalina  ^  ad  aqvatn  ^  cum  qua 
admixta  maximum  excitat  calorera  ,  ad  terras  abjor- 
henteSy  atqve  plurima  metalla  ^  co  ordinc  &  grada 
qvo  funt  cnumeranda» 

avo»  Omnia  fer©    metalla  folmt  ^    fed   divcrfimode.     Alia 

metalla ,  nifi    aqva  prius  dilutum  fuerit ,    non  folvit, 

ut  zincum ,  ferrum ,  cuprum    &  ad  partem  plumbum  ; 

alia  metalla  reqvirunt   hoc  acidum  conccntratum ,    ut 

argmtum ,  ftannum  ,   cobaltum  ,    &  ad   partem  mf- 

mmbwiiy   antimoniwn  &   arfenicwn  ;  mercurium  vero 

folum   corrodit     aliqva   cum    folutione  ;  aurum   non 

attingic ,  nifi  prius    in  aqva   regis  fuerit   folutum  & 

^        ab  ifca  folutione  prsecipitatum.      Omnia   metalla  qvae 

folvit,  cum  iisdcm   qvoqve    cryftallifatur ,    undc   vi* 

triola  proveniunt  naturalia  &  artificialia.  * 

}no.  Rcperitur  plurimis  in  corporibus  mineralibus  prsc- 
fens,  ut  eorundera  conftitutivum,  aliqvando  vagum 
cum  materia  inflammabili  combinacum,  tarn  in  locis 
fubterraneis ,  qvam  nonnullibi  in  fuperficie  terras. 


A3  Ca; 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


^tVAciDUM  ViTRioLi  cdrporihus  mineratibus  immixtum. 
Rwcritur  cum  terta  calcareii  unitura  in  gypfo  &  fe* 
Uniticis  lapldibus  ;  jCHm'  terra  aluminari  in  ahfmine 
€c  min&ris  aluminofis  i  cum  nietalUs  in  vUrioUs  natu^ 
ralibus  ;  Qura  falihus  alkalinis  ,  in  falibus  neuiris ; 
cttin  materia  inflammamli  ^  in  fulpbure  ,  bituminibus 
nonnullis  &  Htbantracibus  ^     atqve  principalicer    in 

Civ)  AcjDUM  ViTRioii  vagum ,  fulphttreum. 
Hoc  acidum  maxime  volatile  occurrit  vcl  fubtilius   vel 
craffius )    odore  plus  minus   pungcotc   &*  penetrantc 
fulphureo ,   aliqvando  fuffocativo    prasditum  ;     alibi 
vagtiw  in  aSre  hofpitans  inprimis  fubterranep  ^    qvod 
fubtiliflimum  eft. 
(c)  Acidt^  vitrioli  aqvis  mvieralibus  immixtum.     Repe- 
ritur  hoc  in  aqva  (pirituofa  vitrioli  fpiritu  volatili  ncc 
non  in  acidtilis  &  tbermis  plurimis.     Eft  hoc  acidum 
cjusdem  indolis  cum   actdo    inflammabili  fumo  y    qvi 
tfcendit  fub,  cffervefcentia  limatura  mortis   cum  //>i- 
ritti  vUriali  vcl  fulpbure  ;    fi  cteniro ,   ut  per  expdf i* 
cntiaiQ  didici,  in  retorta   tubolata^  ^adem  inftitiiitur 
folutio  vel  effervefcentia ,  ut  fiimus   in  aquam  plfrifli* 
mam  in'i  vas  recipicns  bene  agglntinatum  infufam  tran- 
fcendere  &  in  aqvam  immif ceri  poflity  pera3a  operatic- 
ne,  deprehenditur  ilia  aqva  faporc  naufeofo  hepatico, 
fed  in   experimentis  chemicis^    eadem  omnino    exhi-* 
bet  phasnomena  y  qvae  aqva  acidularis  hoc  fpiritu  gra- 
vida.    Ars  non  perfede  ubivis   naturam  imitari  po<* 
teft. 
Ohfi  I.  Ad  pjfitar  alio  que  laptdes  molllorif    compofitioniSt 
in  qvibua  acidum  fulpbureum   vel  fulphur  latet,  dum  Mh  fuh^ 
terraneut  v^i  fupraterraneushumidnsi,  aut  oMa  accedit,df- 
luirur  inde  boo  fulphur  vel  acidum  latens^  ge  oritur  aliqva 
adtio  iQ  terram  «  lapidem  vel  roetallum,  uode  rootus  iQtrin- 
fecus  «  &  calor,  a  qvo  fpifitus  fulphuris   ad   partem  difli- 
patur,qvi  poftiiiodum  vel  vagtis  exlfllt,  vel  aqvis  fmmix- 
tus,  easdem  acidas  reddit,  undo  alii  lapides  &  alia  corpora 
folvi  p  ffunt.  Hinc  litYtvliJicnlin  nnturalis^  &pluriumcorpo 
niro  mineraliam  Qoii\\^^iilo\nm  gcnttatio^  vel  potius  mutatis. 


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t«  ;  o  CkJ  7 

0\fn  •»  lo  vegitMliHhis  &  aumaUhusj  jparciut  licet  In  his  pc- 
ilerioribus,  dciVittm  ,ade(re,  notum  eft »  hoc  ipfum  veroad 
naturam  hujus  acidi  vitriolici  accedere ,  nondum  eft  de* 
monftratum- 

a»  SAL   ACIDUM  )   nUrofam.    Acidum  Nitri.     Spec. 

7.26. 
Sveth.  Saltpeteb  •  Stra 

GalU    ACIDE   NiTREUX 

Germ.  Salpetek  -  SsLure 

Hoc  Acidum  benq  concentratum ,    feqvcntibus  gau- 
det  proprietatibus. 

Imo.  Canfiftmia  eft   aqvora  tenuis     odore  peculiari   for- 
^  ^avi ,  colcirt  femper  flavo  rubente  ^  femper  &  fyt- 
mans ,    fumum  eruttans  flavo  rubeatem  9    ni^  aqva 
ipixtum  fucrit» 

ado.  Gravitate  fpecifica^  proxime  ad  acidutri  vUrioli]  a^- 
cedit,   ia  propordoae  ^d  aqvam  fere  ut  i,foo:: 

I)000« 

3tio  In  eo  fuperat  acidum  vUrioli ,  qvod  magis  irapetuo- 
fe ,  cderiter  &  cotrofive  agat  in  omnibus  fuis  folu* 
ttoAibus ,  atqve  cum  inflamraabili  materia  utpote  cum 
oteii  ignem  reipfa  concipiat. 

4to.  Comburit  &  cortodit  omnia  fere   vcgetabilia,    fimiliter 
&  folvit  duriores  ammalium  pzrtes  y  plumas  ^  cornua^ 
ojfay  dmtes  &c.  colore  ubivis  flavo, 

5to.  Cum  /i^M /wira  mixtum  calorem  excitat,  &  fufcipit 
inixtura  colorcm  coert4iefcentem  vcl  viridefcentem^  qvi 
color  taraen  cum  tempore  perit.  Idem  contingit  fi 
cum  aqva  farti  debiliori  mifcetur, 

Gto.  Solvit  terras  calcareas  ^  cum  iisdem  conftituens  vel 
fal  non  cryftallifabilc  fed  aS  e  deliqvcfcens  ,  vel 
fmxtixmphospborefcensi  cfr.  ohf.  circa  Calc.  Lap^  lAit* 
c.  Tom.  i^p.  J4S* 

A  4  7^0.  - 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


8  l><)  o  C^ 

7mo.  Solvit  omnia  metalla  dum  perfcQc  concentratfeth  eft 
imo,  ipfura  aurum^  &  nocandmn,   qvod     co  prom- 
tius  ac  iropctuofc  metalla  folvat ,  qvo  magis  dc  in- 
flamm(rfbili  participant  materia ,  maxima  cum  cfFcrvc- 
fcentit  &  fnmo ,    usqyc  dum  omnis  ilia  materia  in- 
flamraabilis  feparata  fiicrit      Cake:  vero  metallonim 
non  aggreditur.     Ex  omnibus  metallis  ftcillimc  fol- 
vit  zincum,,  deinde  ferrum^  cobaltum^    cuprum^  wtffl 
mutbum ,    plumbum  ,    mer curium  ,   regulum    antimo- 
niif  argentmn^    arfenicum^    co  fere  ordinc  &  appro- 
ximationis  gradu ,  qvo  nominata  funt.     Stannum  non 
folvit  fed  impetuofe  corrodit.     Cum  argento  ,    plum- 
bo  &  m&f curio ,    format  cryftallos  ftlinas ,    cum  /er- 
ro  autcm,  mpro  &  ftanmy   liqvida  fcraper  pcrmanet 
forma.  '  . 

livo.  Reperitur  hoc  acidum  naturale  ac  fpontaneum  non 
folum  in  aqua  pluviali  &  nivali,  confeqvcntcr  &  in 
ahe,  eft.  Marggraf  in  Mem^  Berlin,  i7f2  ;  fed 
ctiam  in  aqva  marina  nee  non  in  aqvis  fonlanis  ^  a- 
liisqvc  qvag  in  fuperficic  tclluris  reperiuntur,  qva  it 
re  nos  convincunt  tarn  expcrimenta  Marggrapfia- 
NA  L  c.  qvam  fpiritus  ,  qvi  aqva  regis  fimilis  a 
Sale  marino  obtinttur  ^  juxta  cxpcrimcnta  Nevm/vn- 
Ni  aliorumqve.  Nonnullibi  ctiam  naturaliter  reperiri 
qvafi  in  mineris  contendit  Burghart  dc  Sale  Sei- 
gnet.  p.  41.  ubi  commcmorat  liujusmodi  in  Ukfania 
repiriri.  His  vero  locis  vix  nudum  fed  combinatum 
fali  alkalino^  quemadmodum  id  deprchendimus  vid- 
garitcr  in  nitro  &  terra  nitri^. 

Ohf.  Stdterraneum  acidum  nitrofura  vel  witrum^  nunqvam, 
quantum  hue  usque  notum ,  eft  repertum  ,  fed  iis  folum 
to  corporibus  qv»  in  fuperficie  tellurls  reperiuntur,  vel 
ao  Jisdem  aliqvo  modo  participaot* 

Nitrum  a  nonnullis  vegetabillbus,  locis  putridJs  crefcentl. 
obtfneripofle,  expcrimcQU  LBMMBRiANA&dcRBaf 
aoR  in  Mem.  Far.  ijij.  allau  evincere  videntur. 

i.  SAL 

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3.  SAL  AdDUM  muriatictm^    Acidixm   Muriaticum^ 

Spcc^  227. 
Jcidum  falls  communis.     Cr^onstedt*  127. 
Srcth  -  RoKs  ALTS  -  Sy&a.  / 

GtU.  AciDE  Marin      Acid^e  du  Sel  commuk. 
Gem   KocHSAtzs-SiluRE 

Sequ«ntibu$  dcprehenditur  proprietatibus. 
imo-   Canfi/lentia  eft  tenui  aqvofa,   colore  a^vco  vcl  pie* 
mmqve  flavefccntc  ^  odore  forti  croceo^ 

2da.  Inter  acida  mineriLh  fubtUijUimum  ac  penetrantijjtmum 
eft,  fub  dcftillationibus  dUBculter  intra  vafa  cogrceri 
poteft ,  imo  vitra  mtcrdum  p^netrat  fi  fuerat  bene 
conceotratum.  LeviJJhnum  qvoqve  inter  acida  mi- 
neralia,  in  aSre  fponte  &  per  fe  diflipatur  ;  perpetue 
in  aSre  libero  fumanSy  domum  fumo  vilibiU  grifeo 
fea  nebula  impleti 

3tio.  Eft  hoc  acidum,  certis  in  circniBftantiif ,  minus  for^ 
U  ^  vomm  conofivum  \it,  &  minus  impetuofum  y  qvani 
reltqva  acida  mineralia.  Hinc  minori  gaudet  attra- 
fUone  ad  corpora  inflammapUia ,,  ut  &  ad  /alia  alka'^ 
Una  &  terras  >  nee  adeo  fortcm  in  corpora  vegeta* 
bilia  Sc  animalia  exferit  vim  corfodeotem ;  cum  oleit 
in  re/mam  abit,  &  coagulat  liqvida  aaimalia  glu- 
dnoia ,  «nde  &  in  folutiombut  corpprum  animaUum 
fecilc  gelatinat^ 

4t^  Sed  nemo  credat  acidum  falis  in  omni  operatione  de« 
biliffimum  efle  inter  acida  mineralia  ;  fuperat  reliqua 
acida  ;  majori  attraUiom  ad  metalla  alba ,  argentum^ 
plumbum^  mercurium^  &  regtdum  antimoniij  qvae,, 
per  pra^ipitationem  feparat  non  taatum  ab  acido  m-> 
trofo  fed  &  vUriolico ,  &  cum  iisdem  ita  fortiter  coa*^ 
dnnatnr,  ut  cum  iisdem  finrol  vel  fundatur  vel  fubli« 
Qetur  absqve  ut  feparetur. 

5to^  Soperat  &  reliqva    acida  mineralia  vi  fohente  cal- 
ces metallicas  ^  qvas  non  folum  folvit  omnium  metal- 
^    A  5  lorum 

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re 


rx  )  o  ( Ml 


lorum  &  femimetalkrum ,    qvod  acidam    pitriclicurn 

vd  nitrofum^  fi  vel  fortiffima  effcnt,     praeftarc  naa 

poffunt ,  fed  &  volatilifat  aurum ,     afgentum  ^  ftan-- 

num^   wifmutlmm^   merctmu^n  &J  regtdum  antimoniu 

Pcffpicitur  hinc  qvod  tcnaciusf   ac    forties  adharcat 

corporibu5  qv8B  tamcn  difBcilius  Iblvit  qvara   fetiqv^i 

acida*     Obfervauduin  etemm  qvo^d  f^rrum,  zincum, 

rigtt/zpn  cobalii ,    &  ni  fallor  ,   nickel  incegfQ  fol\rat,, 

ad  partem  rcro  plumbum    &  regiUum   arktimpnU   ac^ 

ccdeiitc   coftura  ;  fed  wifmutbum^   mercuriumy    cu- 

prumy  ftannwn  ,    argentum  &    aurum  j    noti   folvit 

nifi  prius  fucrint  catcin;^ta.     Mixtam  cum  acido  nitri 

i  conftituit  aqvam  regis ,    qva   mirum  &    phHnct  fol- 

vuntur  aKaqvq  corpora  raineraKa  &  raetafRca,       - 

6ta.  Reperttur  hoc  aqidum  vix  uudimi  ,  nlfi  vagum  in 
acre  ,  fed  combinatum  vel  bafi  calcarca  >  in  fak  amma- 
niacofixo^  in  aqva  marinsi  prasfentje^  vtl  fale  alkalino 
naturali ,  in  omni  fale  marino  &  gemmed ;  vel  dchi-. 
qve  cum  fale  votatUi  in  fde  ammoniaco  naturali ;  cum 
argenfo  in  minera  lurue  camua.  .Qvin  ergo  &  va- 
gus hie  l^piritus  aliqvando  in  locis  fubtcrraneis  exiftat^ 
nullum  eft  dubium.  Dura  fontes  foLini  eflfodiuntur,  aci- 
dupi  falls  nofti  folpt  tam  odare  qvam  vapott  grifco 
iifcendcns* 

4^  SAL  ACIDUM  minerale  Pbosphoreum.    Aoiouj*  Pho$- 

PHOREUM. 
Svcth.   PnoaPHORESCERANDE   MiNERALUK  SrRA. 

Gall.  AciDE  Phosphorique  Mineral 
Germ.  Phosphorescirende  Mineral  SaurE 

Eft  hoc  ipfum  acidum  falreeenter  in  ftuoribui  mi- 
•cralibus  phosphorcfccntibus  dctcftum ,  a  qvibus  pulveri- 
fttis,  admi]ito  oleo  vitriolic  vel  acido  nitri  aut  faHs  com- 
tnunis  in  anatica  proportione  ,  fcparari  poteft  ,  fi  ^^^ 
do  parum  aqvsB  fuerit  prius  in  recipiente  injcftum^ 
quo  vaporcs  acidi  retincri  &  fufcipi   poifunt.      Hoc    a- 

cidum 


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eldura  fcqvcntibus  gaudet  proprietatibus  ,  qvas  &  indica- 
vlt  primus  hujus  acidi  inventor  C,  W.  Scheele  in  Ad^ 
Stockholm  1771.  p.  no.  &  feqv- 

(z)  Per  deftillationem  reftificatum  &  ab  aqva  liberatumt 
enlore  eft  aqvco  ,  odore  veto  acidi  falls  communis* 
cum  fpiritu  vini  asqualiter  ac  cum  aqva  facile  mt- 
fcibile ,  fine  fenfibili  inutationc  vel  actioiie  in  fpiri- 
tum  vini. 

(b)  Cum  calce^  folutione  peraQa  ,  conftituit  fiuorem 
mineralsm  artificialem  phosphorefccntem  ;  qvod  &  e* 
venit  dum  aqv^  calcis  admifcetur  usqvc  ad  prseci- 
pitationcm. 

(c)  Cum  alkali  fixo  coit  in  gdatinam  non  cryftallifabi- 
Icm,  fed  poll:  clixiviationem  &  exficcationcm  ,  in 
igne  fufibilem  atqvc  in  aiTe  humido  deliqvefcibi- 
lem*  Cum  alkali  volatili  abit  partim  in  gelatinam^ 
partim  cryftallifabile  in  tcnuiflimas  cryjlallos  ,  qvas 
cum  aqua  calcis^  velfale  aminaniaco  fixo  ^  foluto ,  vel 
&  calcis  folutione  in  Spiritu  Nitric  praecipitant  ter- 
ram  proprietatibus  fluoris  mineralis  praeditara  ^  phos- 
phorefccntem. 

(d)  Non  folvit  aurum  ,  argmtum^  flannum^  plumbwv^ 
niercurium ,  mfmuthwn  ,  cobaltum  ,  &  regulum  anti- 
monii ;  bene  autem  folvit  cakem  plumbi  &i  mfinutln\ 
folutionem  prsebcns  dulcem  ;  cuprum  ad  partem  fol- 
vit,  calcem  vero  cupri  perfe6lius,  cum  qva  &  gela- 
tinat.  Ferrum  fub  efFcrvcfcentia  &  fwna  infiamma^ 
bili  folvit  ;  etiam  ocbram  fcrri.  Cum  zinco  codem 
fc  habct  modo  ut  cum  ferro. 

(^c}  Id  fingulare  habct  hoc  acidum  phosphorcfceniT, 
qvod  fub  deftilhtionibus  combinatum  cum  aqvofo 
vapore ,  fcmpcr  in  terrani  vilrefcibilem  abeat ,  imQ» 
in  rcftificationibus ,  fsepius  repctitis ,  nunqvam  non 
hujuswodi  vitrefclbilem  prsbec  terram ,  qvse  ad  6- 
ncm  dcfcillationis    vel    reftificationis  ^   in   fuperficic 

Acidi 


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I 

tcidi  prios  in  vas  recipiensexpdli^N  inftarcnifts  (br« 
snata  feperitur.  Hsc  phssnomena  non  dependere  vi« 
dentur  a  qvadam  folutione  terrs  vitrefcibills  in  aci- 
do  phosphor!  ^  qvum  fi  loca  aqvfls  adhibeatur  fpiritus 
vini  in  recipiente  >  hujusmodi  terra  vcl  cruika  vi- 
trefcibills non  formatur^  fisd  potius  a  mutabilitate 
particularum  aqvofarwn  in  hac  combinatione^ 

Obf,  Ab  experimentis  allati^  patefcero  arbitror  hoc  aeidum*mL 
nerale.  pbofphorefcenr ,  magna  m  habere  convenienttaa  cum 
acido  phojpbori  Kunckelii  ex  urina*  Biidem  namqve  me* 
talla  utraqve  haec  acida  foIvuDt;  cuprum  fcilicet  ad  parteiOt 
ferrum  vero'  &  zincum  integre,  reliqvis  intaftis*  Prxterea 
acidum  pbospbori  urina^  aqvofii  privatum  parte,  fortiori 
Jgne  in  vitrun  liqvefcit^  hoc  vero  a^idwn  pbospborefiens^ 
non  eodem  folum  modo ,  Ted  &  iofUper  in  deflillationibui 
&  reftificationibus  iti  hujusmodi  terram  abic.  5ed  in  pluri* 
mis  circumftantiis  (hnt  qvoqve  baec  acida  dlftibfta,  ut  ab 
lisExperimentisqvaeMARoaRAFF  tnASI^Berol.  1743  ad* 
tulit,  con^parati ve  cum  his  allatis  facile  in  apricum  poni  po- 
ted  ;  DfUemhoc  certum,  qvod  hoc  acidum  cum  calcarea  terra 
combmatum  fluorem  roineralem  pbosphorefrentem  coofti* 
tuzt^  absqve  alk  inflammabiti  materia  (Uperaddita  aut  combi- 
nara,  qyod  vero  cum  acido  pbotpbori  urnut  vlx  fieri  po- 
teft,  ucpote,  qvod  fuo  inflammabiU  privatum,  nullum  con* 
fiituit  phosphorum,  reliq va  ut  reticeamus  momenu.  An  ergo 
unam  eandemq ve  orlgiuem  hmc  bina  babent  acida  ?  Ao  utra« 
qveab  ifcido  jalit  diverfimode  combinato  &  mutato  ?  An 
ab  acido  peculiar!  a  reliqvis  mineralibus  didiafto  ?  dicaC 
pofterior  aetas.  Nullum  numerum  interca  ad  banc  (^iem 
adpooere  voluimut,  donee  borum  acidorua  ori{p\  meliuf 
fiierit  deteft^. 

Obfervationes  circa  Salia  acida  miner  alia. 

Ohf.  I.  Prster  haec  defcripta   acida  mineralia,  etiam  nonnulla 
alia  dautur,  qvs  fills  locis  defcribeQda,heic  veroindicanda. 

imo.  Saz  AcfDVK  fuccifd^  qvod  eft  confiftentia  folida,  ad« 
do-oleoChm  terreftre,  in  Succini  varietatibos  prcGnis. 

sdo.  Sal  Acidum  ambfa^  qvod  obdoetur  ab  ambra,  ejui^ 
dem  iodoUs  cum  priori. 

3tio.  Sal  AciDUac  Uthantraeum  ^  qvod  io  noonulUs  varieta* 
tibua  iichaatracum  leperitur ,  noa  vero  in  omni* 

Vcl- 


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Vellent  for&u  nonnulli  hue  &  referre  fal  fedativumy  qvod 
a  horracc    feparatur ,  &  jioonulUs  proprietates  cum  acidts 

[  communes  haoere  videtur,  fed  de  hoc  fale,  fuo  loco,  no- 
ftram  dicere  volumus  fententiam,  faltera  nullo,  five  fapore 
five  odore  five  confifteotia  fiveliabitu  ad  reagentia  cum  aci- 

^    dis  commuoi  gaudet.  '  .  a         i 

Oy*.  2.  Acida  msnevalia  ideo  helc  defcrtpta;  qvum?  ut  fodi' 
catum  eft,  plurium  corporum  mineralium  compofinonem  ia* 
gredinQtur,  eademqve  faepein  diverfam  a  primo  ftatu  indo<- 
lexD  commutant*  Hie  veto  effeftus ,  ignota  caufla  ,  bene  & 
'•  perfe<ae  nunqvam  cognofci  poteft,  Aclda  vegetabiiia  &c  d- 
I  nmalia^  in  re^no  minerali  peregrina  tarn  origine  qvam  in- 
dole, merito  e  regno  minerali  ideo  excludenda  putatnus. 

Oht  3.  Commuuis  fere  chemicorura  aliorumqve  eft  fententia, 
acida  minoralia ,  vitnolica^  nitrofa  &  muriatica  not]  elTe 
nili  idcutica  &  pofteriora  bina  a  priori  xitriolico  fuam  habe- 
re originem,  aiiqvo  cum  additamento  peculiari;  ad  qvam 
fententiam  corroborandam  binae  principales  adferri  folent  cir* 
cumitantiae{a)  Qvod  acidum  vitYtoUcum  fortius  fit  reliqvii 
acidis,  inajori  puritate,  gravitate  fpecifica  &  iixitate  praedt- 
tum.  (bj  Qvod  hoc  jpfum  acidum  vkriolicum  in  acidum 
nitrofum  &  mdrinum  commutari  poffit,  atqve  reciproce  haec 
pofteriora  Jh  primitivum  ftatum  vitriolicum  redigi-  Sed  cir- 
ca haec  allata  momenta  obfervamus  imo,  qvod  fortitude 
acidi  vitriolici  fit  tantum  relativa  ad  diverfa  corpora,  &iu 
proportione  ad  majorera  qvantitatem  ipfius  acidi  in  hoc  fpi- 
ritu  acido  obviam,  unde  major  gra vitas  fpecifica  &  iixitas  in 
eodem  ad  magaam  partem  dependet.  Acidum  vitrioii  ma- 
xime  debilitatum  majori  gaudet  attradtione  ad  infiammabile 
in  ziKco^  cupro  &  fetroy  qvam  fpiritus  nitri  ,  Vt\  fpiri^ 
tus  /dii/,qviex  adverfo,  majorigaudcncattradione,  ac.dum 
mtti  ad  oleum  pingve  vegetabile ,  acidum  vero  falis^  ad 
cdc€t  metallicar.  Ad  alia  corpora  fpiritus  vitrioti  debili- 
|atus  non  majorem  exferit  efficaciam ,  qvam  fpiritur  nitvi 
vel  Saiii  fortior  ,  vel  eadeni  tortitudinc.  cdo.  Tr/tnimuta' 
tionevi  qvod  attinet.  qvam  impugnarenon  polTumus, licet plu- 
rima  adferantur  exempla  qva^  accurateinftitutam  renovatio- 
nemreqvirunt»  eadem  nihil  aliud  indicate  videntur,  qvam 
qvod  haec  acida  mineralia  alternstive  ttansmutari  pofliut, 
unum  in  alterum,&  reciproce,  nempe  certii  in  circumftan- 
tiif  acmiictionibns,  ubi  acidae  particular  nunc  banc  nunc  a- 
liam  iugrediuutur  connexionem.  Sed  qvin  hse  transmutatio- 
nesfieripolTint,  absqveut  unumabaltero  fuam  habeat  ori- 
1^   giocm,  cuivis  patet,  niodo  coufidcretur  qvod  omnia  hsc  aci- 


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14  iM^oCKl 

da  a  eomnmni  prineipio  derivari  pofl&nt,a  qvo  ttfjvalitet  ortgL 
cem  habeot,  diveriicatem  vefo  accipiunt  &  diverfam  qvo 
damoiodo  iaduuut  oaturaro  prodiverfitateparticuUruin^cuai 
qvibus  coadunantur  9  qvae  vero  particulae  plus  minus  fuoc 
ftparabtlcfl.  Hinc  patet«qvod  Kvhvst  in  AH  N.  C.  l^ol^ 
Vi.  LiMMBRT  &  Lbursbn  ic  Sale  dmttri  aliiqveeodeni 
jure  acidum  muriaticiuM ,  ut  prlacipale  coofideraodum  judu 
caruQt,  utpote  magia  mfiver/ale  qvaoi  reliq  va  acida ,  &  ma- 
jori  ftkaitate  prxdicmn ;  in  omoi  regno  naturae »  aqveo 
fnlaerali/vegetabili,  anifluli  praerena* 

HisgenerallrerlmeRiifliiat  jam  qv(x]ve  particulariter  paucis 
demQnftrare  volumos,  acidas  nitrofim  &  mwiaticum  a  vi* 
molue  ooo  depeoder^L 

f  A)  Acidum  mtrofum  ab  dcido  vitrioiico  fiam  ftMhtft  mgintm 
eo  minus  probabile ,  qvo  certnis  conftat,  im6,  toagnam 
dari  differentiam  )nter  haec  acida,  tam  fipare^  qvam  vdare^ 
tahrty  effeHu  atqve  dlverra  relatione  ad  alia  corpora,  ado* 
ffctdum  Trmo/rrum  eiTe  magis  ftibterraneum ,  nitrqfiim  vero. 
ftspracdtaneuro.  3tio.  Acidum  ir/trxo^/rtimmaterlaminflam. 
HitbHem  mineralem  continerc  >  acidum  mtrofum  vero  ve^ 
fetAiltm  vel  animalem.  4to»  In  Rxivio  materno  ac  in  terra 
mitrofa  minqvam ,  ne  veftigium  qvidem  vitriolici  ;acidi 
re^fAtk  5to- Abexperinientis  chemicis,  transmutatibnem 
tfriitf  ^trfolfci  in  nitrofum  mdicantibua ,  eo  minus  conclu- 
di  jpoCeftad  bujus  ori^nema  priori,  qvo  magis  evidtum  eft» 
€C}am  acidum  muriaticum  in  nitrofum  commutart,  ut  in  fe* 
tqventibus  indicandum ,  atqve  eodem  itaqve  jure  did  poflo 
acidum  hoc  nitrofuifir  ab  acido  muriatico  fuam  habere  origi* 
nem  ;  firaiUter  &  reciproce »  acidum  ^fitriolicum  a  mrqfb 
Ajas  habere  natales,  qVum  &  nitrofum  acidum  iu  vitrioe 
licum  fit  transfflutabile ,  ot  cliemici  docent« 

(B)  Acidum  falii  communis  ah  acido  vitrioiico  fokta  igno« 
.  Xcece  adgioMH  minua  probabile  videtur  ^^o*  Qvod  ^ii« 
baecce  qvam  maxime  diftinfta,  colon^  odore, /spore,  tfi'eBu 
atqve  ulatione  ad  alia  corpora,  ftdo.  Qvia  acidum  falis^ 
certis  in  circumllantiis,  majori  gaudet  non  folum  fubtititate 
iSr  pcnetratioHc,  fed  &  vi  atqve  ^caeia  qvam  acidum  vitrit^ 
licum^  ut  circa  ^usdem  defcriptiooem  adtulimua.  |tio*  Act* 
dum  vitriolicum  reperitur  folum  fubterraneum,  fed  acidum 
faliscommums  tam  fubterraneumqvam  Qipraterranettm,  in^^r^ 
fn  aq-ua^  in  vcgetabilihus  &  ammatibui  ^  in  ti  vibiis  nulluni 
Bcidum  vitriolicum  uaqvameft  repertum;  tmo^ftqvitur 4to 

avod  acidum  muriaticum  ut  magis  uuivenfokj  vix  probabi* 
ter  origiaea  tohM^  pooaft  ab  alio  gMijui  particulari,  feU| 

cec- 


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cenis  tantum  locls&  corporibus  reflrifto  acido.  ^to.  Vi- 
dettir  qvoqve  acidum  jmUs  ^  aliqvani  cum  arfenio  habere 
anahvttm  ,  qvae  actdo  rnriolico  eft  denegata  ;  qv«  analc- 
pia  elucet, /)«rfim  in  proprietate  acidi  muriatici  -DoUti lifandi 
liietaUa>  qVam  proprietatcm  communem  faabet  cuiu  rrmcu' 
no  &  arfemco  :  parttm  in  flamma  caruko  viride/cente  ^  qvana 
fal  comnmne  carb  )uibusigninsadQ:ierfum  producit,  qvem- 
admodum  arfenicum  cura  nitro  deftiilatum ,  dac  fpiritum 
niivi  caYukum'j  patt/m  in  odore  ailiaceo  ^  qvi  fendtur  dum 
fal  comiiiune  in  igoe  cum  carbonibus  tuoditur ;  panim  deni* 
qve  m  odore  Spirttus  [aits ^  qvi  reciproce ,  lentkur  ,  dum 
ar/entcum   cum  aado  latnoUco  deftiliatur- 

Ohf.  4.  Ab  hac,  in  obfervatione  praecedenti,  demonllrataiu- 
dependeutia  iinius  acidi  ab  altero,  feqvitur  eadem  ongma* 
liter  effe  diJlinBa*  De  origine  itaqve  falium  anderum  Jiceat 
Dobis  hac  occafioue  breviter  uoftram  dicere  fententiam* 

Sont  chemici  qvi  diftingvunt  inter  principium  Jalinum ,  & /al 
primordialc  feu  ptimogenium  ;  fnaxexlftimant  inter  principiji 
corporum  prima  feu  elementariaconnumerari  debere,e3qv« 
^lleiimplicitate  &  fubtilitateutfeparatimobfervari  nunqvsra 
poffic  ;  pofterius  vero   compofitum  a  falix  prsncipio  cum  terra 

•  &  aq-va  combiaato^  bene  perfpicientes  ab  aqva  &  tetriL  fim- 
plicUer  &  per  fe  uaitis  nunqvam  fal  product  poile. 

Alii  contcndunt  principium  falinum  nihil  aliud  effe  qVatn  rom- 
pofnum  ah  atjva  t/  terra  unitis,  qvod  evidum  credunt  (a) 
Jk  adfinitate  falium  cum  aqva  &  terra,  iBtn  ^rfivitate  fpe* 
€tjica  qvam  fixttate  &  folubilitate,  qvibus  proprietatibus 
lalis  deprehenduntur  ut  corpora  media  inter  aq vam  &  terram, 
majori  praediu  gravitate  fpecifica  ,  fixitate  &  folubilitate 
qvam  aqva,  fed  minori  qvam  terrae.  (b)  A  reduFlione  M\um 
in  aqvam  &  terram^  dum  fspius  folvuntur,  ficcantur  &  calci- 
nantur,  prout  chemici  decent  fc)  a  decompofitione  nitfi  fub 
detonatione,  in  aqvam,  qvss  clyfus  nitri  vocatur  &  ttt-^ 
trm  in  fale  alkalino  refiduam,  (dj  A  compojiticme,  qvam  ia 
fale  calcate^  fub  combinatione  calcis  viv«  cum  aqva,  fieri 
dicuDC  ab  aqva  &  terra. 

Sed,  ni  valde  fallor,  prima  fr/«^  momenta  conccrnunt  unice 
falia  compoftta  vel  potius  drcompofita  neqva€|vam  vcro  prin* 
-cipium  lalinum.  In  falibus  compofitis,  file  alkalino^  tat" 
tatS^  mtriokto ,  nitro  ,  fale  communi ,  fale  mtrabili  &C» 
teii^fa  terram  &  aqvam  adeffe ,  nemo  negare  potcfl:  ;  ftd  ej 
lie  tt  nou  eft    qyatilio  ,   fed   de  fpirita   acido  fmplki   'X, 

pw 


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15  |xi)^C«l 

purtJImo.*  Qyrii  circa    qvartum  momentum  Confider^pdafll 
eft ,  indicavlmiis  in  Ol^erv(A*  dru  Calcartos  Lapii.  \f  Cah 

Nos  opinaiput  priDcipJum  falinum  foam  trahere.oHpnw  prlj 
mam ,  ab  aqva  feu  vapore  afvcjb  turn  materia  tf^lakmabtl^ 
mime  jmi&o^  Hoc  demonftraanis  imo^  a.  irf  expanfiva 
fpitituiim  acMorum  mairiwa^qvaliaexpaofiva  vi^B^^qvae. 
oec  terra  fiv-e  feparttif  fivejuoftis  compedt,  benev^ro  iis- 
dein  Cuai  infiawmabils  materia  ODitis.  ado.  vl  volattmaU 
acidorum  fptrittmmmaxlnia>qva,  fiooo  ombia  pleraqve  ta. 
men  acidaaqvam  faperaat,«t.novimus  ab^soniodam  oaore, 
ftimo&  a  praefeotia  in  ^re,  ad  aeqValem  cum  aqveo  Va. 
pore  altitudinem,qvod  ab  acklo  a<*reo ,  fulphure  agreo  & 
tf ^nitruali ,  ^tqve  elearjca  materia  fatls  eft  BOtum.  An  pas- 
fil-'lp  ut  aqva  in  comblnatione  cuto  terra  eadero  gaudenet 
vA^3»-nitate  i  neqvaqvaiti-  stlo.  Ab  attmHione  maxima  ad 
corpora  aoaldga,  Aqvam  &  materiam  inpamntitbilem ,  longe 
maorem^  in  acidfs  f  uriorihiis^  ^qvam  ad  qvatncunqve  ter. 
ram.  4to.  A  confiflevtU  acid^w  tmnqvm  in  forma  ficca  « 
folida,  nifi  terreftre  aut  metallicum  admixtum  luerit,  fed 
femper  fluida  aut  vaporofe,  A  comblnatione  mitem-aqV^ 
cum  terra,  opinamur, corpus  aut  folidum  aut  mediae  confi* 
llentlx  ^Kiucet^tnr.  sta  Ab  efitSu  &  tst  tarn  fidyenU 
qvam  combmente  q vcm  Acida  exferont ,  igmr  ioftar,  m  a. 
nimalk  &.  vegetabilia,  qvalis  ^ffedus  mmqvam  ab^rfwi  & 
terra  juoftis'exfpeaiari  poteft^  Vdunt  recentiorei  inprimit 
celebraftjjmui  Mac^^ubk  kr  DsOiotk  Cbym.  baa  Vires  dp 
duoere  ^  nifu  particukrum  terreflrium  elejiientariuia  m 
conuftum .;  fed*  ut.ijobia  videtur,  nimis  coafte,  prime  ct. 
enim  demonftrandum  eft  ^qvod  ilie  uiftjs  infect  .oSiMtatm 
q vandam  iarPOfecam,  qvum  virei  corporum  &  elemratohim 
cu  juacunqvegeneris  i'uedot  oeqvaqvaro  contundi  dtbentcum 
^arvitau.  Aliud  ^  dicetc  terram  elementatem  fimpUcem 
eHe  nifu  in  conuaum,  vi  aitrafti va  &  ^ravkativa  pwhtam, 
aliud  eft  dtce^e  id  ipftjm  eiementum  efle aHimn,.  aftivit^te 
intrinfeca  &  CponUnea ,  qrkjaii^  gaudenf.  Demtte  &  dc- 
monftraodum,  paiticulas  inioi»as»  qvmaqvam  tonftjtuunt, 
non  effe  terreftri  tolidiffima  aatura  &  indole,  ^^deoqve.  q van- 
do  particul*  elementares  terre/tres  junguotur  cum  particulis 
elemc^tafibus  aqiui ,  ille  aifiia  turn  plene  fit;ceiSips.  «o.  A 
vero  igne^  qvem  acidum  m^rfcum  okif  vegetabiliom  ex- 
Citat,  qvinunqvamproducipafletabafna  or  terra  iwnals^ 
Idemiudicant  iacilfe  acc^nfibilitas  napbta  ,*«/rWi,  mtrt 
&  Jaliu  2Wk    Aicnenuioae  tuUi  ubicuoqvt  vapor  aqvo- 


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•t>4  C  O  )  Kj  17 

^:ofc.  fijs  vel  aqva  cuflj  inflammabili  fubtiliilima  materia  in  co:v 
nubiurn  venire  poteft,  utpote  (a)  ab  aqiapnya  calori  fnla. 
ri,  vafe  claufo  ,  expofita,  ut  obfervavit  Hller  iniVW. 

A«*  Meroi.  1747.  Hj^KNB  in  Tent.  Chenu  i.(b)  a  geacistione 
/tf/iV  cakam  iq  ipfa  <;Wrtf,  qvoda  particuUs  aqvofis  vaporo- 
fis  cum  infiammnbiii  mateiia  iu  cake  exiftente  ortum,  d«.' 
monilravimus  io  ^tjirv,  circa  €(»kar,  lap  If  caicem^  Obf 
6-  C<^J  a  genera tione  acidt  fubtilfjjimi  aeret  ,  qvud  a  vapo* 
ribus  aqvoiis  <!k  rubtiliHima  materia  iniiammabiii  producl,  eo 
probabilius  videtur  qvod  terreftres  particulae  in  aerem  fubli- 
mioreiu  afcendere  non  poflTint,  hoc  acidum  vero  fuj  pecu- 
liari  &  penetrantiffima  indole  ab  omni  alio  acido  fit  aiitin- 
^um,  uc  patet  ab  Igne  &  lulphtire  tanitiuali  atque  eieBtico 
unde  &  Prtmogenij  titulura  obtinuit.  (d)  A  gtnerationey 
^cidi  artificialiSy  quod  niotu  particularuni  intrinftco  fcrmeU' 
tAtivo  produdtur  in  aceto  ^  tartaro^  In&e  ^  &c.  ad  ciijus 
produdtionem  neceffarlo  materia  inflammabilis,  non  vero  ter- 
leftris,  requiritur>  Hsc  vero  acida  non  majori  jure  ut  nif 
tnralia  con  li  d e ra  ri  pol Fun  t,  q  v a m  ipirituofum  per  fe r men t . t i o • 
ne:n  vinor4m,&  fi I  volatile ^  per  putretaftionem  produdum, 
^vo.  A  deJlruHione  acidorum  {pirituum  dum  feparatur  ma- 
teria pbiogt/iica.  Sic  detonattone  deftruitur  fpiritus  nitri^ 
^bsqve  terreftri  parte;  Ul  alkaiinum  remanens  nemo  coufi- 
^derare  pottfit  vel  debet,  ut  coiiftitutivum  acSdi  nitrideftrudi, 

.     fed  ,  ut   bafts  ejusdem   acidi.      Sic  &  ,  ab  acido  ^itriou  mix-     \ 
to   euro    oUo  atb€r€o  vegetabili  fit  refina  ,    fub  digeftione, 
a  qva  deftiliata  nonnlfi  aqva,  fpiritua    acidulus  ,  oleum  & 
cacbo  obtinentur,  ft  idem  fpiriius  ulierius  mifceatur  cum  o- 
>leo  deftiilato  ac  denuo  deflilletur,  qvod  iterari  pcfteft ,  tan- 

*  dem  nil  nifi  afi/i  obtinetur,  remantute  terra  nt^ra  ;  fubiiis 
eteoim  operationibus  feparatur  pUogtJtica  materia,  unde  a- 
adum  deftruitur.  Plura  uc  reticeamus  exempla  deftrudioiiis 
acidorum,  qvae  apud  chemicos  legi  pollunt'.  ^no  A  'pb:>f' 
phorefcentia  deniqve  terrarum  &  lapidnm  banc  coftram 
Ifteoriam  comprobanms  ;  ecenim  ut  noa  poffibilis  phipborur 
urisa^  pbofpbofUT  Balduim  ^s'c.  nee  pyi'ophmus  fine  zc\* 
do,  lie  jure  concludimus  pkospbvios  &  pyropboros  ab  nch- 
da  fuaiT!  trahere  oriejineni  coaceatrato »  aaeoc]ve  in  eodem 
acido  raateriam  ad*^(le  lucidam.  Cfr  Obf  avca  ftume^s  ^ 
pboffhorefctntiam.  Ubf,  j,  lOmo.  H'ifce  momeotis  accedit 
deniqve  maxima  anahgia  fpintuum  andorum  cum  ignex 
unde  &  plurimi  chemici  ea  tueruat  &  exiflur^t  opinione 
qvod  i«f/^rtw  lit  coQtlitueas  qvoddam  if^nis,  ut  apud  che- 
micos leji  poteit,  pluiimi  exen^pU.^  ilLuftratum. 

Tm.  it:  B  Hac 

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Hac  jam  ftabilitatheoria  originis  acidi,  infuper  obfervpndum 
plurimos  darl  gradus  compofitionis ,  &  ditferentias  materia 
infiimmabiiis  ^  qvas  alibi  dcmoDftrare  Volumus.  Hinc  ica- 
qVe  qviQ  diverfa  producantur  acida,  nullum  eft  dubium. 

(AJ  A  tenuiflimo  vapore  aqveo^  cum  puriffima  &  fabtiliflima 
^l,  materia  tnfiammatili  combinato  ,  Ofiginem  ,  fine  dubio  ,  tra* 
Mi\  bit  aci.iiim  rubtiliinmum  ,  volatiliilimura,  penerrantiirimum, 
\^^  qV"d  appellatur  aadum  aereum  ,  fal  univerfak ,  fptritur 
Qmi\  mi^ndt^  Avtcula.  Jhrmetif  J  fal  centralc  ifc,  qvod  proxi 
::^,nje  ad  c^turam  'dcidi  vttrwhci  accedit. 

CBJ  A  prindpio  InRammMW  minerali  ^  cum  aqva  vel  va- 
pore  aqveo/a'yf^rr^fifo  combinato  ,  vel  cum  faU  univerfali 
aflbciato,  aadum  njitriolicum  ortum  Videtur  prout  tjufsdem 
praefentia  in  regno  minerali ,  indicat* 

(C)  A  prindpio  injknmabilt  ,  ve^etdiili  vel  animili  ,  cuna 
aqv<jO>  vapore,  vel  cum  j.(/cr  ill o  awrjej/j//  combinato,  a. 
cidum  nitrofum  depeodet,  qvod  ejusdem  ori^o^  detonation 
nee  noQ  miners  iudicare  videtvtun 

""'(p)  A  prindpio  inflmmabtli  metalUco ,  vel  arTetiicali  ,-  feii 
ludr  materia,  cum  vapore  aqvofo  ,  aut  acido  uoiverfali, 
aadum  fall f  dependere  opioamur,  utpote  praelens  iu  omai 

^!;    regno  naturae. 

xfEJ  A  pecuUari  materia  inflammabili,  cum  acido  five  falir 
^^i  communif  Jive  vitrioii^  combinata  ,  aadum  phorphorefcent' 
,^     minerale  fuam  torfan  habet  originem. 

Y^J  A  materia  injfammabili  vcfetahile  aut  animali  ^  per  mo- 
cum  circulatorium  aut  fermeutatprium  attenuata,  atqve  cum 
aqvofis  particulis  vel  acido  aereo  combinata,  a^idum,  vt- 
getabile  fz  animale  &  fic  porro.     ,. 

Tandem,  ut  his  noHris  ratiociaiis«  quae  tamen  hue  praecife  non 
pertinent,  finem  imponamus,  id  folum  addere  voluraus,  q  vori, 
ut  principia  inflammabilia,  fua  origine,  ab  uno  eodemqve 
principio  prime  inflammabili  dependent ,  necede  eft,  fic  non 
mirum  adda  mineinlia  mutari  pojfe  unum  in  alttrum  ^  dura 
vel  craffiora  aitenuantur ,  vel  tenu:ora  magis  craflam  io- 
duunt  indolem  ,  modo  diyerfo. 


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^  C  o  )  *<|  '»^ 

3.  VITRIOLUM.     Gen.  33. 

Cbalcanthu7n  vcl  Mrmmntwn  vETEauMi, 
Sveth.  Wiktrijl.     Witriou  :  ^-"^ 

Gall.  Vitriol.  ^.^  .  J 

Germ.  Vitriol. 

jmo.  Sapore  eft  ftypdco  &  ingrato  ,  pcculiarfl,  ractallico. 

Sdo,   Ab   jEqvali,  qvoad   poTidu?^  aqvo!  qvantitate  folubile^ 
fed  plerumqve,  fub  foiuti^ne,^tcrra^  ^d  funduin  di»  . 
snittetis  metal Ilcara.  "' .  *;  "^ij.  /  .  j!,/^\..  ... 

■Jtio.  Cryjlallifabik  pro  diverfitate  -metalli  ,  nee  non  f  u- 
ritate  ,  divcrfusode  ,  ut  circa  fpeciers  eft  indican- 
■dam. 

4to.  In  igrfe  liqvefcit;  pofttnodam  vero ,  homiditate  cVa- 
porata,  in  pulvcretn  abit  ^  pro  diverfa  fartitudpnc 
ignis  &  fua  indole  divetfiiTiode  coloratum. 

|to.  Compofitum  acido  vitriolico  &  met  alio  qvodam ,  fcilU 
ctt  fen'Q  ^  cupro  vel  zinco  aut  his   miictis^  rarius  m- 

Ol'f  /.  Vitriola  nqvldem  Jali.^  fnctdlica  exiflunt ,  mo%  hioc 
arpud  chemicos  nonnctllos  obtinait,  omnia  falia  metfillica^ 
acfdo  njitrif^t  prapparata,  five  fmtumlia  fwe  anifici dta  iwe- 
fine,  etiara  ilia,  qvae  alijs  acidis  p  *parantur,  vitrida  appel* 
lare.  Sed  nobis  heic  fermo  eft  fcjlum  de  vHriolis  naturali* 
tax  ,  qvae  fpiritu  'vitrioli  &  metajlo  Conftarit,  ab  ipfa  natuta  ^ 
prodcidis 

-Undenani  vrtr'K>lr?m  fiitim  nomen  obxmiHt-,  an  a  vitrea  fa-  - 
cie,  »n  aliunde,  parum  iios  a>ovet.  Ab  IpGs  Hteris  4n1tiali- 
huSj  nomulli  ftqveritemlententam  forma  re  vn  Ion  t,  vifitnn^  ^ 
do  iaie  fiord  tar  a  feB'tjicando  invents  t  eccultum  lapiim  veram 
mediciam  ,  fed ,  tit  nobis  Videtmr .  uimis  coafte.  Ab 
aliis,  inprimis  antiqvioribus  appellator  aUamentum^  Viel  & 
Mtramentum  futorium^  oh  nigredinem.  qvam  vitrinlHm  martin 
ic  cum  mat^Tlu  adftringciue  vegerabil!  prodncit*  A  Otae- 
cis  appeltotnm  eft  t%tlcannum^  ab  av$o<  ri  >:aA«5>  hoC 
eft  ,  fiai  4gris  ,   qvo  patet  i^liu  uoauiU  vitnoium  cupri  fuif- 

re. 


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fe  notnm;  hinc  k  Cakdano  vocatur  Cuferosa.  Alcbe^ 
miftica  nomiaa  videri  polTuDt  in  Eh.  Kocnigs^.  Min.  p» 
14 1.  &C-&  C  Mbum^nn  I  Cb.  Pf.  Cap.  de  yitYiulo. 

Obs.  tt.  Vitriola  fiqvidem  in  aqva  folubilia  &  cryftalllfablUa, 
jure  merito  itaqve  ad  ialia  retereada  exiftiroamus,  id  li- 
cet oegem  Anoklus^  Sala,  ^welfbr,  Fr,  Hoffmait 
&  BoBRHAAVB ,  qui  oullo  jure  tiaec  ipfa  ad  feroimecallare- 
tuiic-  Sed  QOQ  ideo  ad  (alia  media  proprie  ficdifta  funtre- 
feread<i,^qvuin  eiiervefcaot  cum  Uitbus  alkalini*  ^  ab  iis* 
dem  prxcipiteatur,  atqve  fubftauciam  contioeant  aqv^  aon 
folubilem* 

•§♦    88. 

1/  VITRIOLUM  cupri ,   caruleum^    nativum.     Vitrio- 

LUM  CUPRI.  Spec    2l8t 

Vilriolum  cupri  caruleum  dodecaechon,  v.  Linnc    104.  a. 
,  'Vitriolum  veneris  feu  cypricum^  Cronstedt  122.  2. 
Vitriolum  veneris.     Chemicorum 

Sveth.  BlSIsten.  Bl^   Vitriol  •    Koppar-X'itriou.  *. 
Gall  Vitriol   BLEU  ou   le  Vitriol  de  cuivrb.    v» 

De  Bomare  304    193. 
Gqrm^   RuPFER  Vitriol.     CyprisChrr  oder  Romi-, 
scHER  Vitriol.     Blauer  Vitriol. 

Colore  eft  caeruleo  ,  fapore  maxime  auftero  &  nau- 
fcofo  m^talhco  ,  ferro  polito  huraido  affricatum  ,  relin- 
qvit  tcnuera  cruftam  feu  particulas  cupreo  rubente  co fo- 
re ferro  adhserentes ;  aqva  folututn  ab  admixto  piUvere  gal'^ 
lanm  ,  fit  folutio  flavefcens  ;  adfufo  autem  fde  alkali- 
no^  fixo  vel  volatilij  parum  effervefcit,  Incraflatur  &  co- 
lorcm  cfleruleuni  induit ,  cum  praBvipitatione  matcriae  gri- 
foo  fufcBB.  .  Debite  traSata  folutione ,  cryftallifatur  figa* 
ra  dodecaedrica  ^  ut  confpicitur  fig.  2ff.  In  igne  fpirituxn 
aciduin  eruftat  &  colorem  amittit ,  cundem  obfcure  fufcum 
induens.  Compofitum  ab  aculo  vitrioiico  &  cupro^ 
^a}  ViTRioi^uM  cupri  cryJUUlifatum. 

Hoc  rariffime  occurrit  ^  reperitur  in  fodlnis  cuprcis  bun^ 
gqricis  ,  ab  aqvis ,  hoc  vitriolo  irabutis  praecipitatum 
'     &  cryftallifatum. 

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1«  (  O  )  K|  21 

(b)  ViTRioLUM  cupRi ,  ftaladiticum, 

Datur  &  opacum  &  pellucidum ,  hoc  eft  ,  plus  minus, 
purum ,  faxis  ,  more  ftalaSitarum  ,  adfixura  ,  figura 
plcrumqve  tarn  intriufece  qvam  extrinftce  indetermina- 
ta.     Rammelsberg.     Fablun^ 

(c)  ViTRioLUM  cupRi,  germinans. 

In   fbdinis   reperiri  folet  graminis  modo  vel  lanuginis 
inftar  lapidibus  adfperfura. 

OH.  I.  JfVM  hoc  cupreo  vitriolo  fo&cund»,  in  fodlnls  cu* 
preis,  appellari  folent  aqv^  cement AToRi^.i  qvibus, 
ope  fcrti^  cuprum  praecipitatur,  qvod  vocatur  Cuprum 
Ci«MBNTATUM,  qvale  plurima  pars  cupri  nativi  txiftiu 
Tales  aqvs  re'periuntur  ad  Ntusol  in  Hmgaria  &  Fabluna 
heic  in  Svccia. 

Obf,  a.  PuriflTimum  vitriolum  cupri  vix  in  natura  reperitur,  fi- 
avldcm  nulla  nilnera  cupri  vitriolificabiiis  qvae  ferro  caret 
Vitfiolum  caruleum  vel  cypticum  qvod   in  oflicinis  &  apird 
materialldasdi venditor  eft  on^oe  arte  faftum.     Prxparatur 
vero  vitriulum  hoc  csruleum,  vel  (a)  limaturam  aut  tru- 
ftula  cupri  iq   oUb  vitrioli  fortiffimo  decoqvendo ,  usqve 
dum   colorem    grifeum    fufceperitf    deinde  aqvam  puram 
ebuUientem  adhmdendo  ea  qvantitate  ut  fplutio  fiat  caeru- 
lea ,  <)vx  filtranda ,  evaporanda  tk  cryllallifaQda.    Si  ole^ 
tm  vitrioli   mifcetur  cum  pauca  qvantitate  fpirituf    nitr' 
&  aqva  duodecuplo,  turn  non  opus  eft  forti  coftura,taci* 
lis  fit  folutio  fupra  ignem,  qvx  filtranda  &  cryftailifanda> 
fed  hac  via  cryftalli  obtincntur  pallidiores.  Vel  (b)  lami 
MS  cupri  humeftatas  cum  tulpbure  aut  pyrste  fulpbureo  pul- 
verifato  ftratificando  in  vafc  bene  claufo ,  igne  deinde  len-  ' 
calcinaodo  ufq ve  duip  cuprum  fiat  bbfcurum  cc  rragile^  qvodi       « 
vocatur  iEs  ustum,  quod  pulverifatum  cum  sulphure  ali. 
qvotiea  mixtuih  &  in  igne  tradlatum  ut  deflagret  fulphur, 
tandem  in  aqva  calida  folvendum ;  folutio  autem  filtranda 
ft  criftallifanda  i   Vel  (c)  fpiritu  vitrioli  maxime  debili  hanc 
cupri  folutionem  inftltuendo,  qvod  diuturnum  reqvirit  tem- 
pus  fed  roloorem  operam.  (d)  Praeparaturqvo(^ve  hoci/i- 

iriobm  e^ukum  nonnuUibi  a  mineru  cupri  cafcmatis ,  vel 
In  lapidero  futpbureum  metaUicum  tufis-,  k  qvibus  /  qvo  cli«      ' 
tioribus  cupri ,  eo  pulchrius  isaeruleum  obtinetur  vitriolum. 
aqva  calidiffima  id  ipfum  extrahendo.    Sed  minori  cum  lu- 
cro  haecinftltuitut  elixiviatlo.  Cfr.  Elem,  Metallurgia*  p.  303- 

B  3  a-  VI. 

/Google 


Digitized  by  ^ 


1,  VlTRIOLUM/^r/i,  viride^  nativim.  Vitriolcm  fer* 
Ku  Spec.  2^2 9» 

VitrMum  Mortis.    CHEMicaRUM. 
Vitriohim  ftrri  viri(h  hexaedrum.     von  Linnc  104^ 
Viimlwn  Martis  fimplex.     Crokstedt   122,  6. 
Sveth.  Gr5k  vitrioi..     jERN-VixaiaL, 

Gall    ViXRIO^L  VERp  OU  \K  CaUP£ROSE  VERTE  NATir- 
RELLE         V.   DE  BOMAR^    30'  >    192. 

Gcrm^  GRliNe^i  vitriql.     eisen  vitriol^ 

Eft  compofitura  acido  vitrioli  &  ferra^  colore  viridi^ 
qvod  in  calorc  folajfi  grifeura  fufcifxit  colorcm  &  pulvcrii'» 
Icntam  confiftentiani  y  fapore  auftero  atramcntofo  aqva  fo- 
}vitum\,  (tm^cr  ecbraceam  deponens  raateriara  ^  pragbet  fo- 
lutioncm  qvae  addita  vegctabili  adftringentc  feu  pulv^xe 
gallarum  ^  nigrcfcit ,  cura  fale  alkaiino  fixo  parum  efferve- 
fcit,  &  viridefcit^  cum  praBcipitationc  raateria  ocbracea ; 
cum  /ale  alkalina  volatili  coagulatur  Si  prscipkatur ;  fola- 
tione  cvaporata,  filtrata  atqvc  doinde  cryftallifata ,  dat  cri- 
ftallos  rhomboidales  ftu  hcxaijdricas  ;  Fig  -xj-  In  ignc 
a^vam  &  fpintuui  acidum  eruQat  &  colorem  aroittit ,  primo 
flavum  dcinde  rubeniem  induens.  Reperitot  ia  montibus 
ubi  veiiflB  pyritacM. 

Ca)  ViTRioLUM  FERRi  cvyjloLUfatum. 

Rariffime  naturalitcr  repcritur,  cryftallis  cubicts. 

(b)  ViTRioLUM  FERRi  ftolaHtticwn. 

Eft  figura  &  tcxtura  irregularly   parietibus  raontium^ii 
jodinis  adfixum.     Fahlun. 

Cc)  viTRioLUM  FERRI  gefminctrif. 

Eft  filamcntofutn  fcu  lanuginofum,  maxiiuc  friabile,  vo- 
cari  folet  germauice  atlas  vitriol  ^  dixm  vitriolo  viridi 
ut  bafi  infidet.     Hungma. 

(&)  VixRioLUM  FERRI  farimceum^ 

Pyniie  folphureo  deftrnfto  adherens  cffe  folet* 

Obf. 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


|w  (  o  )  K|  af 

OhP  r.  Vitrtohm  fcni  femper  erufia  qnadam  flava  obdaci 
folet  cum  tempore,  vocatur  haec  crufta  zona  ^trambn- 
tI  MBTALLict,  qva  eo  citius  vitriolum  obducitur  qyo  op- 
fcurius  eft ;  eft  veto  haec  crufta  nihil  aliud  qvam  r^'id"""* 
reliftum  ochracem  poft  evaporatJonem  aqvs  &  Ipuuus 
acidi.  ,    • 

OH  2.   Pr^paratur    hoc    vitriolum  arte  (»)    limaturam    mat- 
Us  in  /p/r7«  vundi  debiliori  vel  oUo  v,tr,f  aq7^..?'»»"» 
folveado,  folutiooem  filtrando.  evaporando&cnlJana^ndo. 
vitriolum  qvod  hac  via  obtinetur  vocan  folet  S^^J"^" 
T.s  Cb)  Laminas  ferreat  cum  fulpbure  ftratificando,  ut.  mi- 
Uori  igne,  acidum  fulphuris,  In  vafeclaufo,  ferrum  cor^o. 
da"  qvJd    deinde  aqva  decoquendum  ut  fiat  folul'.o ,  qV« 
eJif^orloda  &  criftallitanda.      Hoc  idem  fit  fi  P«J-"/WJ; 
r/7^ifcetur   cum    UmtUura  martts  &  mixtura    h"«n*=J«"^ 
cuffl^««a.  loco  deinde  qvieto  reponitur  "sqve  dum  otnnia 
moTus  ceJTaverit  ,    poftmodum  aqva  decoqvitur  &  folutio 
SS    evaporetur  &  criftallifetur.  (c)    Praparatur  quoqve  i 
Se  iodinis  extrafto.qviin  truftula  diffraftus, loco  e 
minentiori,  in   cumulum   reponitur,    ut  acris&  aqvaum 
aftionc  diflolvatur  feu  vitriolificetur.in  qvem  finem  trultuia 
haec.  poft  aliqvod  tempus  invertuntur  in  cumulo,  ut  »qva 
bilii  haec  fiat  folutio  feu  deftruftio.    Aqva  poftmodum  ab 
his  cumulis  defluens  ,  vitriolo  gravida,  per  canales ,  i"  ci 
fternis  vel  foveis  excipitur,  tandem  decoqvitur  &  criu^ui- 
fatur.  Probe  vero  obfervaadum  Don  ab  omrai  pyrtUMC  ^i^ 
vitriolum  obtineri  poffe,  fedtantum  ab  iisquimolhoti  luo 
compofitione,  in  quibus,  accedente  humiditate.  mo'^s  "«,'!)• 
fec'us  folutorius  &  expanfivus  exciuri  poteft.   Ab  humiao 
namque   aereo  aciium   fulpbureum    aut  vttrioltcum  diluitur. 
&  in  aftionem  in  mateiiam  martialem  excttatur.-  "bi  erjro 
nullus  inzreffus  humidi  locum  habet,  ibi  &  nulla  vitriol  n- 
catio  poffibilis  roodo  defcripto.  Alihi ,  ut  heic  m^uecta^^ 
Dylta    in   Nericia,  &  ad  Scb-nmenlerg  in  Saxonu ,  delti.^ 
latur  a  pyrite  primum  fulphur  ,  refiduum.  la  won  u»xu,  vei 
fine  ulteriori  praparatione  cum  aqva  excoquifur,  vel  acn 
exponitur  ut  acidum  concentratum  aqva  d.luatur ,  t«funi 
folvat  &  cum  eodem   in  vitriolum  abeat ,  qvod  elixwatio 
ne  &  criftallifatione  purum  obtinetur.      Altl'i^jynte  am- 
pliciter  uftulato,  extrahitur  vitriolum  ut  ad  Ge;!eri«6-i>:o 
m.  rdj    Ab    aquit  foiinarum  ,   in  qvibus  pyrttet  hc,lp;cat. 
extraftts  &  decoftis.  plurimum  wmo/i  obtinetur .  «ru;ic  lo 
^ecia  ad  Muinum  Cupnmontium  praeparatum  elt,  lea  mi- 
nus fimplex. 

•  Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


W.  :f.  A-h  hoc  vitrioir,  Atrambntum  nigrom  scripio- 

te  hinl  Pf ''"■  '  '?•  ^^°'^  ^«*^'P' ''°'«"'  vitrioliiiridulL 
Sr^r,;i  ;""'  '"■"*'"•.  P'^"  ""a.  /,«/^.„V  f<.//ar««  par- 
InLT' I  •'••'  P^"**  ^'?*n''  qv^fiof  &  ultra,  cum  Mn- 
mio  fafcbart ,  ut  decoqvantur ,  aut  alumimt. 

3.  VITPJOLUM   zinci  album  ,    nativum.      VitRiolum 

'  ZINU. 

^«rw/um  zlnci  album  dodecaedrum  prifmaticunu  v.  Lik- 

N^  104,.    }. 

VitrMum  zincL     CroNstedt  112.  3, 
Cveth    HwiT  viTRiou     Calizensten. 

Gall.      y.TRlOt     BLANC   ,       OC     COUPEROSE      BLANCHE, 

OCT    Vitriol    de   zinc.       v.  de  Bo  ma  re.  307! 
Germ.     Zink  vitriol.     Gauzenstein. 

rnTn.f  Itk'"*"**- *"  ""'^^  ''""""  corapofitum ,  pellucidum, 
cl?  r         ""'"''  •  J^"^'"'  P""™  d"J"  «^  adftringente 

laberccntem  retinens  ,  forti  igne  odorem  ingratura  fpar- 
gens;  aqya  fofutum  fcdiriientnm  deponit  grifcum  aut  pa- 
rum  flavelcchs  ,   ipfa  vero  folutid  ab  admixto  adftrmim. 

movctur  &  prasapuatur ,  folutione  aotem  evaporaU  pa- 
rnm  &  cnftallifata  dat  criftallos  dodecaedricas  prifmati- 
Surrin*'*    ^'P'"'""^   i"   ropntibus    ubi    minera!  zmci 

(»)  ViTRioLCM  ziNci  cryjiallifatum. 
Cb)  ViTwdLUM  zmci  ftalatliticum. 
^Tm^^  ^***'^'*  ^w/^wiew^wj  in  Gemaniai  ZUricb 
CO  ViTRioLuM  zmci,  geminant. 

mms  reipta  ferro  part.clpat,  d  a  /^w  wVrM.<i  p«cipt 

.    -  (at 

Digitized  byCjOOSlC 


(ata  qvidplani  ferric  poft  calciaationem,  cum  mzgnete  extrahi 
poteft.  Cuffi  praefentiam  indicat  vitriolum  hoc  album  fer- 
ro  polito  affricatura,  nee  non  praecipitatum  a  folutionehujus 
vitrioli,  mediante  arnco  faft urn  &  edalcoratum  qvod /pm- 
tum  aikalimim  volatilem  adtufum  caeruleo  tinglt  colore*  Plunu 
turn  praefumitur  ut  praefens,  qvum  a  minera,  qvae  plumbuna 
contingit,  elixiviatur.  Sedmihi  noa  licuit  hoc  Goilarienfe 
vitriolum  examinare. 

Obf  2,  ^rftf  praeparatur  hoc  vitriolum  album  (a)  Eodem  moda 
qvo  virhief  dum  zincum  in  olco  vktinli  aqva  diluto  fol- 
vitur  ;  eft  vero  hujus  vkrioli  praeparatio  paulo  difficilior, 
qvum  jn  gelntinam  folutio  abire  foleat,  vel  zincum  fub  eva* 
porationepraecipltari.  (b)  A  minera  gotlaricn/i ,  qvae  fimul 
ar^cntum  f  plumbum  &  zincum  continct,  prius  uftulata,  ex- 
trahitur  cum  a^va  calida  quidpiam  vitriolici ,  qvod  extra- 
dum  aliae  minerae  adhuc  calidai  adtunditur,  qvod&  tertia  vi- 
ce iteratur,  ut  debitam  adq virat  fortitudinem,  poftmodum  haec 
aqva  virriolo  faturata  &  k  minera  feparata  in  vafe  idoneo 
relinqvitur  ut  deponat  mucilagtnem  ^  tandem  in  alio  vafeco- 
qvitur  pro  evaporatione  &  fubleqvente  criftaUifatione.  Eo- 
dem modo  ab  aliis  mineris  qvae  aeidum  continent  fulphu- 
I9um  vel  vit.ioUcum  &  zincum  ,  hoc  vicriolum  obtineri  . 
poteft.  (cj  Ab  di^vis  in  fodinis  metallicis,  in  qvibus  pyri- 
tes &  mineva  zinct  hofpitant ,  per  cofturam  feu  infpiflatio- 
nem  filtrationem  &  criftallifatloaem  etiam  hoc  vitriolum  ob« 
tinetur,  plus  minus  purum.  Ah  aquis  in  fodina  magni  Ca-^ 
primGfitii  feu  fahlunen/i,  tres  varietates  vitrioU  albi  feparari ' 
poffuut .  colore  aliqvantifper  difcrepantes. 

4.  VITRIOLUM  diverfts  metallis    acida  ^jitrioUco  folutis^     ' 
campofttum.     Vitriolum  mixtum.  Spec.  ^31,    , 

Witriola  compofita^     Cronstedt  123.  i* 

Sveth.  Blandad  vitriol. 

Gall.  Vitriol   mclc   ou   hermaphrodite.     Vitrioi. 

MIXTE.     V.  BOMARE   JOg.    97. 

Germ,  Vermisghter  vitriol. 

Eft  vitriolum  cseruleum  vel  virlde ,  aliqvando  fubens 
fed  coloribus  pallidioribus  aut  mixtis,  a  pluribus  metallis 
addo  vitriolico  folutis  ,  feu  ,  a  folutionibus  diverforum 
metallorum  in  acido  vUrioli  faftisj  poftmodum  commixtis^ 
gcneratum. 

B5  ^'"      (a) 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


(a)  ViTRiOtuM  MiXTUM,  cupro  tf  feno. 
Vitriolum  ferreo  cupr^uu  cyamum,  v,  Limn^  lo*«4, 

lo  diverfa  proportions  color  huins  apparet,  jam  magiscaini'^ 
leus  jam  magis  viridefceas.  Sakzhurg.  Fablun. 
Obf*  Hue  pertinet  vitriolum  iungarieum  ^  qvod  in  fodipis  ixrnu 
gdhcif  reperitur,  &  ab  atUptir  expetitur.  A*  aqrdf  in  /©• 
dina  fablunenji  heic  io  Svecia  feparari  poflunt  per  cofturam 
'iiitrtoh  qiiae  a  colore  caeruieo  io  magis  magisqve  palUdam 
viredmeminclinanteperg  vel  9  gradus  difting\runtur. 

(b)  VlTRioLTM  MiXTUM  cupTo  fcmo  zincsnntih   *     , 
yitfiolumfirreo  zinceo  cupreum  cyaneum.  v.  Linn.  io5»  5* 
Colore  eft  csrpleo  parum  viridefcente  ,  quod  tameu  cu* 

.  prum  terro  polito  adfricatum  noo  prxcipitat*  Fablun. 

(c)  ViTRiocuM  MiXTUm zinceo ferreum. 
yuriolum  zifueo  fetreum  viride.  v.Linn^  105.  6^ 
Reperitur  colore  pallide   viridefceute.  Goslar. 

CdJ  ytTKiozvM  MIXTUM  zinced  cupreum  carukum. 

l^itriolwn  zinco  cupreum  carulcum.  v.  LiNNd  105.  r. 

Colore  pallide  caerulefcente.  Gotlar. 
(e)  Vitriolum  MIXTUM  cupro  zincinum .  rubrumf  pxAchfB 

rubrls  conftat  criftallis^  recenterin  todina  cuptesi  fiblwut^ 

decedum ,  leni  color  germiaat.    Hue  &  flavefcens  Hunga-^ 

rial  forfao  pertinet. 

(fj  Vitriolum  mtxrvm  ferrol^  niekolo. 
Colore  eft  emiacDter  viridi.  L#/  in  Gefirieia, 

Ohf.  Zineum  graoulaturoln  folutioneiQ  vitrioU  martis  iojeftam  . 
Dullam  infert  In  colore  mutatioDero»  hinc  non  minim  qvod" 
vitriolum  zinceo  ferreum  fit  viride  ;  in  folutionem  vero  irf- 
trioli  veneris  inje<Sum  zincum  granulatum ,  poft  aliquam 
moram  efiervefcit,  cum  praBcipitatione  &  vitrioU  caenilel  de- 
ftru Aiooe,  operatione  namque  ad  finem  perdudt «  oonniA 
vitriolum  album  ab  hac  roixtura  obtinerur.  Ferrum  in  liv- 
ludoQcm  veneris  injcftum  praecipitat  cuprum ,  fit  phebct 
folutiooem  vhrioli  viridis ;  non  Immerito  itaqve  qvaeritur, 
cvomodo  ^  vitriola  mixta  ,  cupreo  zincina  ,  cupreo .  ferrea  &* 
cupreo  ferreo  zinciaa^  absaye  pracipitatione  ,  originem  babere 
peffunt  t  Vix  poflibile  videtur  alio  mod6  qvam  folutionc 
aimultaoea,  boc  eft»  ab  his  meullis  in  una  eademqve  mi 
i^era  roixtia. 

5*  VITRIOLUM    terra    rnfmralifatum.      Terra    Vi- 
TRIO  Lie  A«  spec.  232^ 

Sveth. 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


-Sveth.    VlTRlOLSjORD,       KOPPARROK. 

Gall.    TeRRE   VITRIOLIQVE.      V.    DE    BoMARE, 

Geruj.  Vitriol  erde.     Kupferrauch, 

Eft  aut  argilla  mimralis  aut  alia  terra  vitriolo  mixta, 
?cl  a  pyrite  deftrufto  originem  trahens,  maxime  friabilis^ 
fapore  auftero  atramencofo  ,  a  qva  ,  absqve  calcinationc 
vel  uihilafionc  vitrialum  elixiviarl  poreft  :  originem  plerum- 
qve  habet  ab  aqva  vitriolka  ,  qvas  terr  s  iminixta  ,  vitrio- 
lum  deponit  ,  dura  ipfa  calore  fubterraneo  in  fodinis  dilTi- 
patttr  &  evaporat,  '"•^■ 

i  (a)  Terra  vitriqlica,  rubra.        ^ 

(h)  Terra  vitriolica,  flava^ 

■       Hewing  in  lithogr.  angerb.  loqvitur  de  terra  vitriolicay 
crufta  flava. 

(c)  Terra  vitriouca,  nigra. 

^-    Occurrit ,  ubi  vegetabilia  adftrin^entia  aqvis  vUrioUcis 
immixta  rcperiuntur* 

(i)  Terra  vitriolica,  viridiu    .    •  •  -      '>• 

Plcrumqve  eft  grifeo  viridefcens.     Cfr.  Henckels  Kl, 
Scbr.f    541.  .- 

(c)  Terra  vitriolica  ,  c^rulea. 

Ohf,  r.  Terrs  vitriolica  nigrae,  flavae&  rubentesyJrrKw  con* 
tineot,  vifides  &  carnlea^  ferrum  &  cuprum,  nunqvana 
vero  fine  mixtnra. 

Obf,  J.  Ad  Cremnitz  in  Hungavia  extrahitur  vitriolum  viride 
ab  argtlla  montana  &  lapide  molliori,  abj^qve  aliqva  hujus 
mrnerae  praeparatione.  Minera  yammehhergenjis  ,  ibidem 
KurKrRRAucH  v  oca  ca,  mox  de  fori  beada ,  ad  partem  qvo- 
qve  hue  pertinct. 

6.  Vitriolum  laplde  mmraUfatum.   Labis  atramen- 
TAUius.  Spec.  a33» 

Vitriolum  mineralifatnm  lapide  JriabUi.  v,  Linn^  106.  g- 

Sveth.  AtrAMent.steh.   'b^^v*  x.v 

Gall. 


Digitized  by 


rGoogle 


28  tX  (  o  -)«f 

Gall.  Terre  ,  ou  Pierre  VixRiOLiqvE  proprement  . 

DiTE.  V.  Bomare,  3io»  i98- 
Germ,  Atramentstein. 

Eft  lapis  confiftentia  folida,  diverfo  colore,  vitrio* 
lo  immixto  imprsgnatus  ,  fapore  auftero  ,  aqva  calida 
folubilis,  aSre  fatlfcens  colorera  fufcipiens  extrinfece  fla- 
vefcentem  ochraceum. 

(aj  Lapis  atramentarius,  Ruber.  Chalcitis  Plinii* 
Reperitur  in  ttuftulii  lapideis ,  durioribus  ,  compaftls,  ruhtif. 
iiKerdum  intrinfece,  interdum  extrinfece  ftavis^  interducn& 
vents  alio  colore  prxditis  nee  non  particuiis  pytiticofis  fspe 
immixtis  nitens,  fapore  auftero  vitriolico,  in  a^re  colc- 
rem  flay  urn  fufcipiens  vel  grilTeum.  Cypro;  Rammelsberg  in 
Germama. 

(bj  Lapis  atramentarius  flavus.  Mist  Plinii/ 
MoUiori  parum  eft  confinentia,  k  prions  feu  cbalcitif  fa- 
tifcentia  dependeqs,  colore  interdum  fulpbureo^  interdum 
aurantioYum :  iisdem  prsdltus  proptietatibus,  qvibus  prior  va- 
rtetas  gaudet ,  A  qva ,  folum  colore  difcrepat»  qvem  chal- 
citis, cum  temporct  plerumque  flavum  induic.  Rammelsberg. 
Maltba,   Hifpauia. 

Obf.  Videtur  hie  lapis  parum  aut  nihil  ab  ochra  cum  vitricih 
indurau  differre. 

Cc)  Lapis  atramentarius ^ri/Jf</.    Sort  Fjcinii; 

Colore  eft  cinereo ,  qvem  chalcitis  fatifcens  induere  folett 
unde  &  fspe  reperitur  Cbalcitim  cingens*  Cypro.  ^gypto^ 
L,ybia. 

<d)  Lapis  atramentarius  ni^er.   Mslaktbria* 

Reperitur  In  locis,  ubi  aquae  vitriolics  &  adftringentia  vege* 
tabilia  occurrunt;  in  aqva  nigrefcit,  &,  ut  atramentnm  na* 
turale  confiderari  poteft. 

Obf.  f.  Ad  Rammelsberg  in  Saxonia  excoqvitur  vitriolum  o/i- 
ride  k  iapide  concreto^  (jvi  ibi  Kupfbriiauch  appellatur^ 
in  fundo  fodin«  4  fruftulis  minera^  lapidit  fijfiHs^  parti, 
culis  pjriticojis  aliif qve ,  ab  accedente  aqva  vitriolica  coo- 
cretis,  aqvofo  percaioremdidlpato.  Haec  vitriolica  roine- 
ra  cadem  fere  eft,  qv«  kGermanir  vocatur  Alter  Manuj  fal- 
tem  ratione  originis.  In  hoc  concreto  lapideo  reperiuntor 
qvoqve  lapides  colore  albo^  rubro^  viridi*  fiavo  vel  gri/eo 
tia&i,  qui  Atrambntstbinb  vocanturt  qviiaaquaca- 


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lida  liqvefcuDt.  Occurrit  &  ibi  minera  vitrloli,  quae  Misy 
vocatur,  flave  nitens,  in  minoribus  fruflulis  fere  lithar^yrio 
fimilis.  Ctr.  6chlutter  yon  Hutteniv*  p,  576.  &c. 

HuJQsraodi  vitriolicas  concrctionesilluflratulteriusexemplum 
qvod  adtert  Cronstrdt  §,  91.  dicens  fe  aeftiite  obfervaiTe 
iQ  litore  marino,  in  glebis  a  ismo  t/  argilla  cum  immixtis 
radidtui  -vf^aabtlium  hoa  putretaftis .  ab  unda  marina  io 
litu5  projedcis  &  concretis,  verum  vitriolum  effloreicens, 

Ohf.  2.  Contendunt  nonnulli ,   Swy  veterum  nil  altud  effe 
qvam   vitrioium  leniter  calciiiatum ,  colore  grifeo;  RUfy 
elle  vitnolum  tortius,  tbrfaij  igne  fubterraneo,    calcinaturi), 
colore  liavo;Cflj/n//wvitrJolunnfortitercaIcJnatum,  rubrum,- 
MtUntervam  ei^Q  fory  Cum  httumine  mixtum  &  calcinatum^ 
prout  Lbmbry  dicit;  qvum  eoruodem  veterum  fententia* 
jmy  tranfeat  io  cbakttm  cum  tempore  &  chalcitis  in  mify 
Id  verum  ell,  qvod  vitriolum  fbrtitdr  calcinatum  rubrum* 
feu  colcothar  vitrioU.  aeri  expofitum,    aliqvando  poftmo- 
,   dum  flavefcat,  fed  fimul  verum,  qvod  grifeum  vitriolum 
non  immediate  in  rubrum  tranfeat,  fed  primum  fufcipiat  fia- 
vum  colorem.     A  pyxtte  efflorefcente  vel  deflrudo,  inter- 
dum  &    ab   aqva  -uttrtoiica  in   terrn  poftmodum    induratis 
immixta,  qviu  hi  lapides  originem  trahaiit  nullum  effedub/^ 
um,  qvod  &  contorme  obferyationibus  Gubttardi   in 
mem,  fur  la  comparaifon  dei  miner*  du  Canada   av^c  ceux  dc 
.     la   Suijfe    dicit    fe      reperille   pyriten     mtfy     natural:    cin- 
ftum  ;  qvod  &  heic  ia  Svccia  reperii  mcoilc'aremceoad  Kungs 
harmt  in  Uplandia. 

Ohfervattones  circa  vitriok.^.^^^ 

0*/:  /.  Praeter  enumeratas  mineral  vitriolicas,  habcftitis  qvc 
que  feqvemes,  i  qvibus  vitriola  obtineri  poffunt 

imO.    AqV^    VlTRIOI^ICiB 

Qvae  vel  cuprta  \  Spec.  /.  Obf  r.  )  vel  martialef  f  Spec.  2 
Ohf.^.)  vel  zincing  (  Spec.  j.  Obf,  2.)  Si  fpecialtter  in  byl 
drologicir  dcfcribuntur,  '^ 

«d0,    MiNBRA    ALVMINAR|8''piS3rLIS* 

Sspe  vitriolo  abundat ,  quod  &  ahmini  allqvando  immifce- 
tur,    Defcribenda  haec  minera  in  paragraphis  feqventibui. 

3tiO.     LlTUAT^TRACBS* 

Aliqvando  vitriolum  contineut  inter  corpora  bituminofa  ord. 
^  dercf  ibenda* 

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30  tMCo)K| 

4tO.  PyRlTBtf  SVtPHURBVS   KVDIS- 

5C0*  Globuli  ptriticosi. 
6Co«  Makcuasit^* 
71D0.  Pyrites  fuscus. 

In  his  pyridcofis  lapidibus  omnibus  acidum  vitrinlicum  cum 
materia  phlogiftica  combioatum  rejperitur,  qvod  raetallain- 
h9fpicantia  aggreditur,  ut  5.  86-  opcc.  22s.  Olf.  /,  explicM- 
vimui.  Hind  vocantur  CHAtco  Pyrita,  qv«  inter  mt- 
ficrss /ulpbureaf  wd.  2.  defcdbend«« 

8VO*  Miner  A  zik<:i« 

9no«  Lapis  calaminaris. 

Inter  mineras  tinci  defcribtintur  oti.  j.  Conteodit  qvidem 
yooBjL  in  S.  AJwroL  lapidem  cataminarm  inter  mrneras 
vitrioU  connumerari  non  pofle,    cnumerat  vcro  minerm 

^  rmmclsbergenfm  ^  qv9  drgentum  &  pknthum  continet ,  ut 
ttaflicam  ^Jrioliaibi,  qvum  taroen  eadcm  minera,  non  in 
refpcftu  ad  ar^cntm  vel  plumbum^  fed  in  refpedtu  ad  it- 

fidem  cahmitMrtm  &  r»? W««  «?»^«  9  qvae  priores  comiutur, 
uc  referenda* 

XOinO«   MiNBRA  CUPRITE* 

Ditiorea*  qvae  fimul  pyritrcorum  feofulphnreum  eontlnent,  la- 
ter iDineras  cupri  defcribends. 

IimO.MlNBRALISATA  V£GBTA3ILlA,    Vitrtolo  p»tieWitZ  y 

in  clalT.  4.  dercrib^nddv 

Ohf.  i.  yitriola  non  elTe  perfefta  falia ,  qvum  Jalibui  cum 
MMms  eifenrefcant  &  ab  iisdena  ptscipitentar,  fed  metaUh 
id  corapofica  ab  aeido  'uitriolicb  tiu  fulpbureo^  x^vo  metal  • 
la  folvuntur, Indlcavimus  (if*  S?.  Ohf.  /.  £5*4.)  Qvot  er- 
^o  metalla  acidum  vitriol  vet  fMpburii  aqva  dlliitum  de- 
biliujj^  vel  ajvif  fubterraneis  aut  (Vipraterraneis  immixtum 
folvere  poteft.  totidcm  qvoqve  Hjitriola  nstwaHd  exiftant  ne- 
ceffe  eft.  In  defcriptione  autem  aciM  'uitviolid  (  §.  ^6,  Nro, 
Bj  dixtmus  nounifi.crW«w,  jf^fxirtw,  &  citprum  ab  bujosmo- 
di  acido  debili  integre  folvi,  plura  itaqve  oaturaliter  non 
dar   pofTunt  vitriola* 

OhJ.  s*  Vfiu  vhriolorum  eft  njixlmus,  in  msdicii ,  cbemicU  & 
pbarmaceuticif  y  imo  mcUllurgieis  i  in  artibus  tam  tinBo* 
riis^  qvam  piHoriis ;  tifurpitur  qvoqve  ab  aliis  pluriaiis 
Mrtijicibui, 


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|«  c  o  ;  Ht  3^ 

3.  ALUMEN,  Gen.  34. 

Sveth,  Alun 
Gall.  Alun. 
Germ.  Alauk. 

imo*  S(^or«  eft  fortiter  adftringenti  ,  colore  tqvco  albe- 
fccnte ,  dum  purum    exiftit  ,    fimul  &  clarum  &  pel- 

-  lucidum;  in  aere  vero  fit  extriufece  opacum,  humi- 
ditace  evaporata. 

2do.  SolvUur  aqv«   calidac  qvadruplo  y   fine  prflecipitatio* 

ne. 
jdo,  Soltaio  Clara  aqvea  4d  cuticulara  evaporita  facile  m- 

fidlifatwr  figura  oUoednca.  Fig.  29* 

4to.  /n  igne  primo  llqvefcit  &  fumat,  poftca  ^  auQo  igne> 
ficcatur ,  inturaefcit   &   clevatur,    adhuc   tamen,  fic- 
c\2m    licet   &    afperum  fentiatur ,    integre   aqva  folu-  ' 
bik. 

5 to.  Cum  inflammaUli  materia,  vegetabili  aut  ammali  vel 
alia  admixta ,  calcinatum  ,  praebet  Pyropborum  ,  feu 
mittaram  ,  qvae ,  ad  attaOuni  aeris  ,  igncm  conci- 
pit. 

6to,  Cm'npojliim  acido  fulphureo  atit  vitriolico  &  terra  appro- 
priate. 

Ohf^  A  folutione  aluminh  pr^cipltatuf  cuni  omni  fak  alka-^ 
lino  fixQ^  aut  votatiti^  terra  alba;  cum  fuhere  galiamm  po-  ^ 
tius  albefcit ,  nifi  xitriolo  fuerU  inquinatum  alumeo  ,  qvo 
in  cafu  nigrefcit,  colorem  caeruleum  de  lacmui  ^  tornefolif 
&  Jn  papyro  caruko  in  riibedinem  ftiiitat ,  fimul  &  fyruipi 
\4olafum,  Kon  ergo  perfedtura  eOe  lal  medium ,  evident 
eft,  qvatenus  vero  aqva  folubile  &  cryflaIirabiL8,eatenus 
exiRiiaamus,jure  inter  falm  numerari,  id  licet  n^a  re  voluit 
Barckusen,  Actdum  sluminif  non  perfedufia  cum  fut 
ia/i  terreflri  ini/lTe  connubium,  indicat  hujus  terrae  facilis 
praecipitatio ;  idm  If  addum^  quidpiam  de  fua  retinere  in- 
dole, &  non  plenc  effe  tr-iftum  ,  evjdens  tft  k  raiitatioac 
coioris  caerulei  vegetabiiium  loa^bediaem  iodicata* 


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MfALUMEi^nativum^  Spec*  23  4» 

jllwnen  nudum,     v.  LiKh?e  101.  i. 

Alumm  rMivum  Jm  plumofum.  Cronstsdv  1^4^  a» 

Sveth.   Gedioen  alaun.  

GalL.ALUK  KATIF  OU    Vl£&G£4    V«    DfiCBOMAKE  I9B' 

Eft  alumen  tiudum  ^  non  ea  tamen  gaudehs  puritate  & 
transparentia  qva  artefaftum  reperitur ,  *e  fua  minera  cfflo* 
fcfcens^)  tn%  aqVa  dixiviatuiQ)  &  ab  hujusmodi  aqva  alu- 
ininari  alicubi  depofitum» 

(a)  Alumen*  NA2*ivi7A^V7&/^^«^** 
Inccrta  &  irrcgulari  figura.,     Dicitur  reperiri  in  infula 
Milo  majoribus  in  ffuftuHs  concretum  &'ftalaftiticura« 
Ad  Tavari  in  Laporiia  lultilenji  reperitur  Hi  majja  in* 

figni;  '  -  '   -' 

(h)  Alumen  kativitm  ,-  crijlallifatum.     , 
Hoc  rariflime  reperitur.'  ' 

\  (c)  Alumei^  ^ATivvny  plumofum^   iTaicHiTES.  Dio^ 

scoR.     Aiumm  Schifion. 
\^  Eft  filatnentofum  aut  lanqgiooruin  ,  fitcilq.in'^fibcas  divK 
fiblle ,  reperitur  in  infula  Maltha  &c  j£gypto. 

,  (d)  ALff >j,EN  N/VTivuM ,  fmnaceunu 
.  Farin»  inftar  in  minera  aluminis  efflorefcerc  folct.    An^ 
drarutfi  in  ScHnia.     Hunneberg  in  PFtJirogatHa. 

Obf.  Circa  alumifn  flmofum  ootanduai ,  qvpd  div^rfae  ejas- 
dem  occurrant  defcriptlones,  qvae  in  omnibus  non  conve.  ' 
nluntt    l^BMBKY  in  bifi.  gencr.  da  irog%^  imph  id  dpfcri- 
bit  ufrglaniencisredtis,  aibis,  crifiaUioisfpUndentibus  com. 

,  pofitum ,  ore  liqvabilc ,  faporc  dulcl  adltri^geotCi  &  id  i- 
pfum'  reperiri  In  iEgypto,  Macddoma  &  Mih  atqve  gcnera- 
ri  &  criftalliriri  A  liqvore  albp ,  laiSteo  aluinwQCo*  C^tis 
inlocis  rubfiftente.  Cakthbusbr  in  ekwu^mimal*  id.  ad 
vitriolic,  moiti^a  ^  Wf*li»:  id  ipfum  appeltaos.^i^iV** 
fitri  nudum,   alburn  ^fiUmntqfum  ,  JiUmaUU  lim£itudinalt- 


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tx(o)H»  33 

^aJ" ,  mil  kvi[ft$e  flixif  denfi  mitU ,  qvod  ulterius  defer;- 
bens,  dfcit , /^//oj'tf  elfe  acido  ftyptico,  ejusderuqve  folu* 
tionem  ab  infuf}  gnlUrum  col  o  rem  viola  ceo  nigrum  fufcipere» 
'  &  a  falibus  aikaliols  admixtis  colorem  nbfture  viridemt 
<\v\  mox  ill  flavum  tranfu  *  in  uuoqve  cafu  cmn  turbatio" 
ne  pelluciditatis  &  praecipitatione  palveris  terreftris  martia" 
lis;  (ed  exiftimaverim  haec  experiojenta  ad  maximani  partem 
compecere  alumim  principio  martini  imbuto.  Davila 
hoc  alamen  ad  vitriola  zinci  retulit.  Pratterea  won  retlceadum , 
tjvod  in  biiius  aluminis  ptumqfi  locum  fubftituatur  in  c^J^ci* 
fits  fbtrmaceuticis  alibi  ^ypfum  Jlriatum  ,  dercriptum  6))^r- 
'SS*  afibi  bafalm  fitn'-^fuX plama:t(^itr  defcriptos  Spec,  i52.  a  * 
«iibi  artejtuf  rt^idui ,  defcripttis  Spec.  206.  qvi  iap'des» 
fua  infolubjlicace  in  aqva ,  tacillime  ab  hoc  alumine  plu* 
inofo  difting\i  poirant.    Cfr.  Tournsifohti  Voyage  de 

s.  ALUMEN  turfa   mimralifatum.       Turf^    ax-0min\* 
SvetH*  Alxtn-Torf. 

Can.    TOURBE     ALCrMlNFCSE, 

Gerra*   Alaun  haltiger  titrff*  ' 

Eft  radicibus  vcgetabilium  ,  cum  tiacibas  avelknis^ 
Crima  &  foliis  immixtis  ,  compofita  .,  pyriticofa  cuti- 
tula  &  defupcr  ftratis  diver fis  tcrrcftribus  t^a^  alumine 
dircs.     Helfingbiwgi  in  Scofiia, 

Obf.    Haec  ininera    atlominarrs  eft   deteda  a  b.  tn.  N.  von 
Swab  &  ab  eodena  breviter  defcri|)ta  in  nB.ftockk.  mol  aS 

3.  ALUMEN    mra  mmeralifa^um.      T£RRa   AtuMiKA* 
1^15.  %eC.  U2'6^ 

Svcth,    ALCN-pRO* 

Call.    Terre    A-LUMiHEtrsfiv      ▼♦   fcfi    BomaRe    ^94* 
190, 

Germ.    Alaun-erde.  j«. 

Eft   terra  plus  minus   defifa  ,  tkpon  attimVfi&ft-^  '^e» 
mmqve  in  igne  uretis  &  ftib  calcinatione  cdorem  fpafgens  ^ 
fulphurcum  ,  aliqvando  minus  piiigvis  iti  ig'u6  toil  t^mi 
wc  furaanu  ncc  odorem  enjittcns.  — v<^  -^ 

2bm.IL  '      ..^C         .  <0 


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34  fc<  c  o  ;  >^ 

(a)  Terra  /iLUMm/iRis,  nigra^ 

H^c  plerumque  pingvis  in  igne  fiagratis  ^  plurimiim  alu- 
minis  continet.     Freyenwald  &  Scbwenjel  in  Gcrma^ 

(b)    TEIIRA.  ALUMINARIS  ,  fufcO. 

Hsc  minus  pinguis»     Torgati  in  Saxmia.   Duben^  Bel- 
gem. 

Cc)  Terra  aluminaRis  alba.  Terra  melia  Casal* 

BINI. 

Eft  plui  minus  alba  feu  grifea ,  in  ftratis  rccumbens, 
facie  margacea ,  unde  &  aliqvando  pauio  dunor  cxiftit 
j&i  infula  Melo^    Solfatara  in  Italia. 

Oif.  Margam^qvx  repcritur  in  Solfatara  ad  Pozzuolo  In  Italia 
hue  retereodam  exiftimo,  qvum  tarn  confiftentia  qvam  co- 
lore margs  fimills  exiftat;  licet  cum  acidir  non  €ifervefC5it» 

'  fii  valde  fallor ,  ob  pr»fencUm  aluminis  &  acidi  alumlnaris 
prius  inhofpitancis;  praebec  namqve  h3ec  minera  fuum  alumen 
fine  omnl  praeparatione,*proot  banc  terram  defcripdcatqve 
aluminis  ex^oqveandi  modum  Ampliciffimum,  qvo  utuntur 
Itali,  foio  calore  fubterraneo  extraftionem  alumiols  perfi- 
cientes,  Nollbt  in  Memoir-  Farts* 

4.  ALUMEN  lapide  Calcareo  albo  atUrubente  mineralifatwn. 

CAtCAREUS  ALXJM2KARIS   ALBUS.  Spc!c.    IQy^ 

jllumen  marmoris.    v»  Likn^.  102.  3. 
Minera  aluminis  alba.    Cronstedt.  124. 

Sveth.  Aluna   kalkstek.      Hvit  kalkartig  alu- 

MALM.   ROMERSK  ALUNStEN. 

Gall.  Pierre  alumineuse,  melange  de  terrecal* 

CAIRE,       V^    OE    BoMARE.    206.    2-       PlERRE    CAt- 
CAIRE  ALUMlNEUSE. 

Germ.     Alauk    Kalksteih.      |R6mischer    ai^auh* 

*•  STEIN. 

Eft  lapis  calcareus  albefcens  aut  rubefcens^  durus^  ftra* 
tis  recumbens .  cum  acidis  effervefcen$ ,  in  igne  lapidis  cal* 

ca- 

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Car  el  inftar  omnlno  calclnabilis ;  & ,  poll  calciiytioncm ,  in 
3?re ,  aqva  humcftatus  intumefcens  &  fatifcens ,  cum  efflo- 
rcfcentia  rubente  aluminofa-  adcoqve  omnia  criteria  Japi- 
dis  calcarei  exhibens.  Kcpcritur  ad  Alumini&r  itUa  Tolfs 
in  Territorio  Civita  Feccbwin  Italia^      /r.is:   ia~:    •  ': 

Okf'  MACQViiR  in  DiH^  CL  Tit.  Ahn  de  Rom ^  dicit  hunc 
lapidem  non  elFe  five  fyriticofum  five  <nlcareum^  fed  V". 
DAt  BcMARS  L  c.  contendit  eundem  omnibus  proprieta^ 
tJbus  lapidifi  calcarei  gaudere  tain  elfervefcentia  cum  acidis 
qvatn  calcinatiooe  in  igne  &  extindtione  vel  fatifcentia  ac 
intuoaelceutiB  poft  calciiiationem  ctim  aqva,  qvibus  genuini 
lapides  calcarei  gaudent.  Haecminera  cuin  priori  in  6W^f/ir« 
non  Cootundi  debet.  Ci'r.  Boccowe  in  Muf  de  Pajica  ^ 
ds  Efper,  p,  ft4<5.  Haec  eft  minera  qvae  praebet  ALc^sibN 
KoMANUM  rubens  ,  qvod  a  fnineracalcinata,&  poftmodum 
efflorefcente  extrahitur ,  ab  omni  niartiali  aut  vitriolico 
imtaixto,  purilDmua)* 

j»  ALU  MEN  lapide  cakay-eo  Utumimfo  nigrQ  tmntralifatunu 

CaLCAREUS    ALUMiNARlS    NIGER*  SfCC.  238, 

Sveth*  Sw-ART  ALUNA  Kalksten. 

Gall.    PlEURE  CALCAIRE   BITUMlNEtTSE   ET   ALUMINEC- 
SE  NOIRATRE. 

Germ.  Sc«wart2er  alaun  kalkstein. 

Eft  colore  arro ,  denfus  ,  bitoiminofus ,  in  igi>e  ttdore 
gravi  famans,  cum  acidis  fortitcr  ctfervefcerjs  ,  calcinabi- 
lis,  alumine  dives;  reperitur  in  ftrato  inter  calateuni  graiiu- 
larem  fpatofum  colore  albefcence  prsedicnm,     Andrarmn,  in 

Oyi  Idee  hanc  mmieraTn  a  priori  fpecie  feparavimns »  qvod 

iiaec  prius  non  delcripta  ocrurrit ,  iiia  veto  /f^/icrf  fpecialia 
dudiiTJ  obtinuit  nomina,  praetereaqve  omni  bitumioe  &  ter- 
ro  (it  iibeni, 

9.  ALUMEN  S€bilio  mmralif^tim*     Schistus  alumina- 
Ris.  Spcc»  a 3 9' 

Aumm  fcbijlu     v.  LiNKi  ici.  a# 

JrgiUa  manialis  (i  phlogijlka  acido  vitmli  i^??h(t^.Ci^t}N- 

H^,  $T£DT  124.  a^^ 

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36  fc*  (  o  )  Kl 

Sreth.  ALim-sciFwfiR« 

GalU    A'rdoise  alumineuse^       Pierre  aluniheit- 

S£  FISSILE.      BOMARE    195*    I9I4   f. 

Germ.  Alauk-schxpfer. 

Eft  plus  minus  ddras  -^  colore  dlverfo ,  fapore  inter- 
(dum  gaudens  aluminofe  ,  inprimis  poft  fatifcentiam  qvam 
ubit  in  aSre  humido  ^  in  cumulis  congeftas  incaiefcens  in* 
terdum  &  ignem  concipiens  ^  in  igne  odorem  &  fumiira  bi« 
tuminofujD  aut  ruli>hureum  fpargens  plus  minus  fortem,  in- 
terdum  &  lithancracum  more  flagrans  ,  calcinatione  ru- 
bet. 

(a)  ScHisTus  ALUMiNARis.  pingvis ^  niger  velfufcus* 
Eft  fcbi/lus  pingvis  defcriptus  Spec.    159.   bituminofa 

materia  plus  minus  imprasgnatus ,  alumine  dives^  ^n- 
drarum  in  Scania.  Mdeckelby  in  Oelandia.  Kdfwd^ 
dfm^  Dimbo  (^  Billingen  in  ff^eftrogotbia.  Tyfslinga 
in  Nericia. 

(b)  ScHisTus  KhVMwARis  ^  fragUis  ^  grifeus.    , 

Eft  fcbiftus  fragilis  defcriptus  Spec.  z/-?.  minus  vel  ni* 
hil  bituminofi  continens  ,  plurimum  vero  aluminis. 
ff^itern  in  Erfurt  &  Gotba  in  Germmia^ 

Olf.  Hie  fchiftus  aluminarit ,  1^  Bavmir  u  133*  dicitur  effit 

atgillaceui  feu  margaceui* 

Cc)  ScHisTus  ALUMINARIS  corbMorius  )  niger  vd  fu* 
feus. 

Eft  fchiftus  carbonarius  defcriptus  $pec.  161^  alu- 
mine  fcecundus;  gravis,  plerumqve  lanugine  alumi- 
nofa  &  fapore  aluminis  prasditus,  plus  minus  martiji* 
lis.     jindrarum  in  Scania^     Niis  in  Jemtia. 

Olf*  f^  Hae  miotra;  aluminors,  pleniroqve  in  vicioiis  cum 
Uthantriue  reperiri  foleot;  fspius  qvoqve  fchiftus  alumina* 
118  particulas  babet  caicareas  infperfas,  vel  cmlUmcalcaredm 
fuas  inter  lamellas  tollocatam  ,  uode  &  plurimis  iu  lo9is 
cum  acklii  efiervefcere  (oieu 

'    Off. 


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Oif,  ft.  Ab  his  tnineris  obtioetur  aluraen  ;  ah  aliir ,  expofitio-- 
ne  fubdiali  per  aliqvod  tempuS  praemifla  ,  fub  qvo  tempore  -^ 
dtluitur  acidum  &  in  aftionem  excltatur,  qva  decomponi- 
tur  lapis,  atqve  friabi lis  &  mollis  redditur&  efflorefcensprae. 
bet  alumen ;  q  v£  fobdialis  expofitio,  fada  elixiviatione,  ite- 
rati  folet;  ab  alii s  ^pingvior thus ^  ut  obtineatur  alumeo  opus 
eft  praeraiffa  forti  ujtione  In  igne,  qva  omne  piogve  &  ma- 
xima pars  acidi  fuperilui  deftruitur,  &  minera  He  triabilis 
.  &  pulveruleata.  HisprxmilGs,  ado*  Praeparata  fic  mine- 
rs ra  cum  aqva  decoqvenda  aut  extrahatur  alumen,  qvod,  ab 
,  hujusmodi  mineris  qvae  nunqvam  non  ferro  participant,  aegre 
aliud  obtineri  poteft,  qvam  qvoi  ferro  aut  vitrioio  fimul  in- 
/  qvinatum  eft.  Hoc  prima  extradione  &  folutioneqvodobrl-  ^ 
netur  alumen,  vocatur  ab operariis  S a f f  i  A n,  q vod  eft  maxi* 
me  corrofivum  ob  abundantiam  acidi  inhofpitautis.  3tJo«  Ad 
heterogenea  in  hoc  alumine  immixta  feparanda  ,  opus  depU' 
^  rj/iowtf,  qvae  vocatur  RAFFiNATio,nihilveroal!udeftqvam 
renovata  folutio,  in  qva,  vei  cum  lixivif>  fjponarir/rum 
r^duo  vel  cum  lixivio  cinerum  clavdlatorunty  iut  ctncrum 
almuniy  vel  cum  urina  putrefada ,  vel  cum  cake  viva- 
feparantur  heterogenea,  Praeftant  vero  \iznc  depuratiouem  ' 
jalia  &  terra  alcahna  ^  dum  caute  &  moderate  adhibentur- 
^  partlm  abundans  acidum  deftruendo  ,  p;irtim  &  terrnm  mar- 
tialem  praecipitando.  Propofuit  Profeff,  &  £71;^/  ori.  R.  wif, 
Bergman  in  peculiari  difp.  De  confeHione  aiumtnii ,  qvae 
inlingvamfvecanam  ab  eodemtranslata ad  praecipua momen- 
ta legitur  in  aB^JloM.  vol-  XXl^lL  nominatum  depurandi 
modum  improbans ;  aluminis  rafhnationem  cum  argilU  pura 
ioftitucndam  ,  fed  circa  hanc  methodum,  fuas  Faggot  & 
Swab  in  iisdem  aEl*Jlockb.  I.  c  adtulerunt  obfervatioaes* 
Alibi  depuratio  inftituitur  repetita  folutionc&cryftalliCatio- 
ne  majori  qvantitate  aqvae,  fine  additamentis,  qvum  alumen 
faciliug  folubjle&cryftalljfabileqvam  vitriolum.  frobe  ve- 
ro fimul  obfervandum,  qvod  omnis  folutio  in  vafi  plum- 
bets  perficienda,  crijiallifatio  inftituitur  in  vafi  lignsis. 

Obfervationes  circa  alumen^ 

OV.  I.  Reperitur  prcterea  alumen  miaeraliratuni  val  immixtan 
aliis  ia  corporibos  mioeralibus;  gvc  jam  eaumeraadc. 

DefcribuQtur  in  hjdralogicis.  Coatendit  Tou rnbvortio  Vo^ 
yage  de  Levam  T*  I.  p*  163.  ia  orieoCalibus  regio^ibus  inve- 
iiiri  alumeri  liqvidunu 

C  i  «do. 

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3«  ftM  C  o  )  Kf 

Ado.   LtTHAKTRAXAI^UMINAHrS. 

ReperiuQtur  lith;incraces  alumiae  divitesad  Commddau  In  Ba.' 
bemia&  In  AnglU.     Lithaotraces  fuac  defcribendi  ia  ord. 

gtio.    PYRfTBS  SULPHUREXJg  RUDIS 

Drfcribendus  In  ord.  ado.  Reperitur  ad  Dylta  in  Nerleia 
ubi  ab  eodem  dlffrafto,  primum  dcftillatu;' /w/pW ;  i  refi- 
duo,  in  cumulis  fub  dio  congeftig,  pod  aliqvot  anoos,  eli- 
xlviatur  vitriolum^  k  refiduo  poft  banc  dixiviationem,tari 
cxpofito  olim  el'xiviatum  eft  alumen^  hodic  vero  calcinata^ 
id  Ipfum  ut  obelneatur  terra  murtialis  rubra ,  qvae  terra  co^ 
lorata  rubra  appelUri  folet ,  qva  doroiis  plnguntur,  U^ 
rlus  procefTus  d^fcribendus  in  ord.  2do.  ubi  &  ipfe  pyritei 
eft  defcribeodus.  ^     ^"^ 

4to.  Lapis  calaminaris  aluvinaris 
Defcribicur  lapis  c^lamioaris  inter  mineras  tinei  ia  ord*  3« 
reperitur  ad  Tefcbem  in  Germania. 

5to,  MiNBRALiSATA  VBGBTABiLiA  alumiabfa. 
Eft  fiifcum ,  bitumine  &  alumine  abundans  lignum.  Commo^ 
dau  &  Alfattel  in  Bohemia ;  IVeiJinia  in  Hajjia  I  Mundev. 

Obf^  I.  Hoc  lignum  ia  acre  Igncm  concipere  folet,  uW  in 
cuiDuIia  eftcougeftum,  eodem  modo  &  eodera  fuadamen* 
ut  lithantraces. 

Ohf.  «,  Ulterius  porro  indicandum  alumen  arte  obdneri  &  pne- 
parari  per  fe. 

f'a)  Ab  A'KQix^i^Ktfvatunqve^  holo  alba  excepta,  cum  oleo  vitrioli 
decoda  ad  ficcum,  &  poftmodum  cum  a^va^  qvae  decan- 
tanda,  filtranda,  evaporanda  &  cryftallifanda.  cfr.  Obf. 
eirea  argiUas.  Obf.  i.  *.  &  Obf  s.  lit^  a. 

(t)  A  FLUOR iBus  MiNBR  ALiBus  cum  oliovitrtoU  dccoftls; 
(fr^  obf.  circa  fi^ores  mineral  obf.  i^  a.  aliisqve  lapUlbus 
noonullis. 

(c)  A  TBRRA  ALKALiNA  ,  qvap  e  UqvoTc  fiUcuM  com  acsdo 
prsdpitatur  cfr,  off  circM  qvartzum  ^  crifialU  obf.  U 
tit,  b.  &  obf.  circa  Jilicet  ,  petrof  tf  achates  obf.  ft.  Wto. 
^. 

(d)  A  Maokbsia  vttriariorum^  inprlmiscalcinata,  cum  cJVa 
'  vitrtoU   traft^ta,  ut  docuit  Pott  in  iithofr.it.  64,    Cfr, 

«V  WW  aw^/  ^fpumm  lufi.  Otf  a.  nro,  3, 

re)  Ab 


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>  >  o  C  «t  39 

(ej  Ab  IPSO  viTRioLo  vfRiDi,  fufficienter  calcinato,  aut 
deftillato,  a  cujus  reM\xo,  colcothar  vocato,  elixiviari  po- 
teft  alumen,  qvod  fai  colcbotaris  appellatur. 

Otf  3.  Ab  ardiiciali  aluminis  praeparadone  elucet  id  ipfum 
eiFe  compofuum  acido  vitriolko  feu  Julpbureo ,  &  terra  qva^ 
dam  eodem  acido  foluta ,  qvod  &  ejusdem  analyiis  indi» 
cat.  Sed  ut  hoc  acidum  vttrioli  in  noonullis  miaeris  Don 
fit  inaDifeftum,  ut  in  terra  aluminofa  alba  ^  in  ealcareo  alu- 
minari  albo  &  iapide  calaminari ;  fiqvidem  &  a  mioera  z\M' 
minis  fchi/iofa  elixiviata,  duni  aeri  per  temporis  fpatium 
cxponJtur,  iterum  alumen  elixiviari  poteft  ,*  qvod  bis,in- 
terdum  &  laepius  iterari  potert;  qvaeflio  hincorta,  iindenam 
hoc  acidum  provetjf at 'i  An  ab  aere?  ut  lentiunt  Stahl  & 
Fr.Hofpman.  An  in  igne  fimul  cum  terra  aluminofa, 
mediante  igne  &  aere  generatum'^  ut  opioatur  Hbnckbl  in 
fyrith^  annon  potius  ut  prsfeus  in  terrift  6e  lapidibus,  fed 
latens  &  abfconditum  confiderari  debet,  donee  humidum  ac^ 
cedens  id  ipfum  in  motum  excitavent,  ut  feutitBaANDX 
in  an,  Jlockb, 

Ohf,  4  Terra  in  alumiue  praefens  a  fuo  acido  llberata  ,  vel 
fortifTimacalcinatioije,  vei  folutione  vt?l  pr^ciptatione  cum 
faie  alkalino  fixe,  vel  &  fulione  cum  puriffimo  fale  alkalino 
iixo  inftituta,  fubfeqvente  optima  &  perfedta  elixiviacioae, 
cujus  fit  indolis,  nondum  plene,  uc  opiaor,  eft  decifur^u 

(A)  Stahl,  Nbuhan  pluretqve  alii  eandem  at  calcaream 
vel  eretaccam  coofiderarunt ;  uqvidem  acidis  omnibas  aon 
folcun  folubilis,  fed&  cumiisdem  effer vefceas ,  &  ereta  0^ 
ko  vttrioli  faturata  fufcipic  faporem  omnino  adftringeotem 
&  aluminofum*  Sed  banc  opinionem  infriaguot  aliae  hujus 
terrs  proprietates,fcilicet,qvod  recenter  calciaacaoum«ftMt 
noQ  ii'icalefcat;  Spiritu  nitri  iroprxgnata  non  phospbore* 
feat,  cum  fpiritu  falts  non  producaty^/  ammoniacum  fixum  ; 
neqve  cum  /Me  ammmaco  expellat  urinofum ;  qvs  pro- 
prietates  terrs  aluminari  denegatae ,  terris  calcareis  &  ere* 
caceis  omnino  compecuat*  Ct'r.  MaqGRAPPs  Cbjm.  Schf- 
p.  190.  &c. 

TB)  Baron  in  Merrin  Parif.  Terram  alumiols  dicit  elTe  oaturi 
terrarum  metaUiearum.  qvod  concludit  k  maxima  aeqvalitatc 
que  deprebenditur  inter  vitriola  Sg,  alumen^  ut  &  magna  qva 
gaudec  attradione  ad  inilammab:le ,  terrarum  metallicarum 
more ;  q vibus  momentis ,  aluminte  produdio ,  noa  folum 
i  fyrite  puriiiiino,  fed  &  a  vitrioto  addi  poteft. 

C4  (C) 

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40  |X  C  0  )  J^ 

(C)  Baumb  in  3f^ff.  ^<?  Cijw.  Macqvbk  r«  Mem.  Patif, 
1769,  aliiqvc  rccentiores  cnntendunt  terram  aluminis  elfe 
'  argiUaceam  pur  am  ;  qvia  (aj*ab  argtiid  qvaconqve  cum  oU^ 
vJiriGJi  praeparari  poted  verum  alunien,  ut  primus  obferva- 
v»t  Hbllot  ,  confirmavlt  Pott  in  Lithog.  11,64,  uberfus 
vero  demonftrare  conati  funt  MarggraffJo -^0.  BeroU 
&  in  Cbt  Seb.  1.  c.  &  Macqvkr  in  Afl*  Par.  L  f.  fbj 
a  terra  calcarea  cum  acido  vftrioUco  ,  aliud  noa  obtineri  po-* 
left  fal ,  qvam  fekniticum  y  qvod  ab  alumine  maximc  eft 
diftitufbum.  fcj  Terra  aluminaris  bene  elixivlata  ,  ea  gau- 
6et  lubricitate  &  tenacitate,  qvge  arp;inis  competit,  unde 
&  cum  a^'a  tradtabiiis  reperitur.  (d)  Difnculfer,  argil larum 
more,  exliccatnr,  humidum  tenaciter  retiuens ;  (e)  fub  ex- 
ficcationc  fiiRirjii,  argillarum  more,  contrahit  maximas  cum 
infigni  decremento  voluminis.  (I)  /^«i  fortiori  dura  non  be- 
ne  liccara  exponitur,  decrepitat  &  diffilit.  fd)  Igne  lord  ia 
filiceam  duritiem  induratur  «  fimul  ad  dimidium  volumiais 
dimiauitur, 

Sti  hi$  proprietatibus,  qvas  non  airter  qram  ut  extrinfecas  & 
adventitias  confidcrare  pofTumus  ,  vtpote  qvae&aliis  terris 
folutia  corapeterc  poflTumus,  totidem»  imo,  plures  aliasoppc 
nere  poffuoc,  qvs  terris  argilfaceis  etiam  purifTimis  font 
<}eQegat£«  in  antecedum  vero  obfervante.^  alumen  tariHlme, 
iiUQqvam,reperlri  naturaliter  argillisimmixtuni,  licet  ubivis 
tarrarum,  tam  in  fuperficie  q vam  in  vifceribus  terr«  &  moor 
tmm  freqventjffima  fit  ar}»;ilia»DuUusqve  obfervatur  defedluS 

f  acidi  vitriolici  vel  fulphuris,  Qvid  ergo  impcdit,  qvo  mi- 
nus natura,  ab  his  combinatis  priucipiis  alumea  producerety 
fiargilh  bafin  aluminisconftitueret'f  praeterea  qvoque  id  at- 
tentione  digQum,  qvod  alumen  non  folum  ab  argilla  prae« 
parari  poteft,  Ted  etiam  i  pluriiDis  aliis  corporibus  minera- 
libus,  k  nobis  Otf.  a.  indicatis,  in  qvibus  argillain  qvi  de- 
monftrare poteft^  magnus  mihi  erit  Apollo,  fcilicet,  in 
iurfa ,  hpide  caleareo  aluminfo ,  albo  St  nigro ,  in  litbanifa'' 
cikus ,  ligno  fiffili ,  terra  a  isfvore  filicum  pr^cipitata ,  ty* 
rite  ♦  vitriolo  C?f.  Terram  argillaccaro  in  his  corporiofis 
adeflQ  ,  a  prseparatione  alnroinis  demondrare  velle,  oonne 
hoc  Idem  eft  qvod  qvaeritur  &  qvod  probandum  uigetur. 
Et,  fi  ab  argilla,  cur  ni  eciam  a  boh  albo  &  fieatite  aliis- 
q ve  lajpidibus,  qvibus  reipfa  arglllacea  terra  ineft,  praeparari 
poteft?  Si  qvis  dicorst  in  his  argiUam  non  adefle*  certc  lu. 
dibrio  feexponeret,  utpotequi  teftimonium  vifus  ^liorum^ 
q ve  experimencorum  intVingere  veller.  His  praemiffiSv  obifer- 
ViOittS  vercam  aluotioofam  froffiitatibui  gaudiere  in^ri^ficis^ 


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(jvae  ten]$  arglUaceis  puris  neqvaqvam  competunt,  fed  po* 
tius  calcareif  noDniillis.  two*  Qvod  aqmm  fere  calcis  viva 
inftar  ab  acre  atrrahat,  niag;na  copia,  ado^  Acidh  mlneT^- 
libus  &  vegetabilibus  fit  folubilis  ,  atqve  aeido  nitri  auc 
falls  foluto,  inftar  calcis  fe  habet ,  falem  praebens  in  acre 
deliqvefcenteip.  3110.  Ciim  acidis  mineralibus  ante  calcloa- 
tionem  effervefcens ,  non  vero  poft  calcioationem.  4t©.  /- 
gnc  calcinatorio  Tnitiori  fit  fragilis,  forti  igne  indurefcens, 
aitqve  fortiori  in  filiceam  duritiem  concrefcens,  ultra  dimi* 
dium  ponderis  perdit,  poft^^aqve  nuUis  acidis  fit  folubilis. 
Probe  vero  ilia  indurefceutia  qvas  a  concretione&inc«pta 
fufionedependet,  difticgvenda  ab  ilia  indurefcentia,  qvaei- 
^ne  minus  forti,  Tub  calcinatlone  producifur  absqve  mutahi, 
litatc  fii^urse  atqve  adeo  ferifibili  diminutione  voiuiuinis,  cfr^ 
5-  73*  ^V  I*  5to.  Fortifiimo  igne,  foUibus  excitato,  pCp 
le  fufa,  in  maffatn  coit,  ad  latera  crucibuli  non  adhaeren. 
tem,  ut  obfervavit  Brandt  in  AH^  Stockb  v^h  XI^IL  p. 
310,  Eandem  t^rram ,  per  fe  fufam,  in  momento  fufionia 
inflar  ^pji  fpntho/l  phosphorefcentem  obfervavit  QviST  ia 
AEl,  Stockb-  1763.  6to.  Cum  argilla  admixta  fufibilis  in 
iDaflam  albam  opacam,  ut  terr^e  calcareae,  7mo,  Cum  vitra 
caemeotata,  pr^ebet  mafliim  porcellana  fimilem  ur  Gypfum^ 
Svo.  Cum  arcano  duplicato  facile  fuuditur.  900.  Cum  terris 
calcareif  vero,  vel  crcta  admixta,  non  fufibilis,  cum  qvi. 
bus  tamen  argillae  optime  &  facillime  funduutur.  lomo 
Cum  arena  adoiixta  ad  pondusaeqvale,  in  igne  oon  indurew 
fcit,  fed  permanet  mixtura  pulverulent3,qvaecircumftantia 
fola  fufficeret  alumiofam  terram  ab  argillacea  diftingveodi, 
Ab  bis  proprietatibus  ut  ne  qvidem  unica  argillae  pur*  com* 
petit,  adhuc  itaque  maxime  dubium,  au  terra  alumimfii  ut 
argillacea  terra  confiderari  poteft# 

(DJ  Geoffroi  in  Mem.  Parir.  1747,  exiftlmat  ad  generatic-^ 
nem  alumlnis  reqviri  terram  ammaiem  aut  vegetabilem ,  igne 
ftib^rranep  yel  alias  calcrDatam ,  firoul  afferens  acorBarrK- 
^ca'^lflato,  h  eiHif  eancrornm^  atqve  k  einerihus  vegita-' 
hbum ,  cum  aeido  Vuriolico  fe  alumen  obtinuiffe.  Negat  vero 
Pott  in  Litbog.  ii«  75.  ab  his  corporibus  alumea  acqvb 
ri ,  dicens  fal  qvod  obtiuetur  alius  efle  indolis* 

(B)  VoK  Likk6  p.  loi.  contendit  teirsm  alumioarem  etklu^ 
mojkm,  qrum  prscipua  matrix  zlmiiuiM  f  fibijiut  k  terra  pa* 
Indofa  fuam  habet  originem. 

(F)  Pott  in  Litbog^  11.   74,  Anhang.  3a.   FortSettungtn  S. 
Amerbmgin,  p.  59.  Dicit  terram  alunuois  effa  peculiarem  icf 
C  5  ^«« 


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4*.  J»*^oC^ 

rm  fdkafem  AibtiDffimaiii^  mutataiD «  (k  ab  9SdoQB  Heidi 

^itriolici  in  terras,  nova  q  vadam  accretione  vel  geoeratione 
produ^am,  vel  abargilkcea  terra,  vel  fuarzofi^  vel  bunut^ 
fa  aut  fcb(fiofa  vel  alia* 

Flura  nos  cogunt  momenta  ad  banc  feotenti^m  ampleden* 
dam ,  qvs  inter  praecipua  funt^  (a)  Peculiaris  liujus  terras 
indoles,  qvaexaminata  patet,  eandem  non  elTe  perfefte  calcor 
ream  nee  perfefte  argiUaeeam  fed  inter  has  ambiguam,  ad  exte- 
riora  argillaceam  ad  interiora  calcaream.  (b^  Magna  inter  ter- 
ras calcareas  obrervata  diflferentia;  alius  namqveindolisde^ 
deprebenditur  mineraltt ,  alius  eft  vegetabilii  &  alius  animalis 
prout  prolixius  derooiiftravimus  in  AB.  Stockb.  Vol.  XXL 
O  MutabilHas  terrarum  qvae  compofuioncm  aliorum  fa^ 
lium  ingreditur.  A  fale  cmmuni  praecipitatur  terra  cum 
acidis  enervercens,  fed,  per  Te  facile  fufibilis,qvalisetiam 
hfilibus  alkalsnhfixii  obtlnetur,  qvae  terra  ab  Urb.Hibrms 
vocatur  terra  virginea^  &  proxime  ad  terram  aluminarem  ac« 
cediu  Cfi*  infersus  dieenda  in  Objfl  circa  (al  comm,  obf  a-  /it«  e. 
Cum  bac  falls  communis  terra  magnam  babet  convenien- 
tiam  magnefiaalbaf  qvam,  neqvaqvam  reperimus  in  cor« 
poribus*  k  qvibus  nitrum  praeparacur,  praeexiftentem,  ma- 
xima vero  in  lixivio  nitrofo  praefentem*  cfr*  obf.  circa  ni" 
trum^  S.  d,  f.  qvam  &  Marggraff.  cbem^Jcbrifu  a  la- 
pidibus  fteatiticis  &  amiantbicis  ope  acidi  vitrioiici  obtinuiCy 
Ibd  e6  minus  ante  horum  lapidum  traftationem  cum  eo* 
dem  acido  in  iis  praeexiftens  eSe  potuit «  qvo  magis  oi>- 
fervationibuseviftum,  eandem  terram  nulUbi  per  fe  naturali^ 
ter  eflfe  exiftentem«  atqve  obfervationibus  aliisgve  experi* 
mentis  extra  dubitationis  aleam  fit  pofitum  bosfteatiticos  la^ 
pides  ab  argiUa  ftiam  trahere  originem.  Haec  mutabilitas  terra^ 
rum,ut  pforajam  reticeamusexempla,  ad  oculum  patet  iter* 
ra  qvae  a  fifuore  Jilicum  obtinetur ,  utpote ,  qyae  cum  aci^s 
praecipttata  exbibet  indicia  terra  alkaline  pou  loturam ,  fi 
vero  per  contiauatam  elixiviationem  feparetur  baec  terra  a 
geUtinay  cum  afoa  pura^  qvae  faepius  adfundenda  &  eva* 

f>oranda,  turn  fere  immut^ita  deprebenditur  terra  vitriiicabi* 
Is.  Cfr,  obf  circa  q^.  if  cxijl alios  cbl  I.  lit^  b-  &*  obf.  circa 
fii.  petYof.  if  acb.  obf.  a-  No.  6^.  ^ 

jHis  concludimus*  tarn  in  mineris  enumeratis  omnibus  qvam  ia 
terns  &  lapidibus,  4  qvibus  cum  oko  t^i^r lo/i  alumen  pro- 
dad  poteft,  adcfle  terram  qvae  in  aluroino&m  (it  mutabilis. 
candemqve inipfo  alumine  efTe  in  calcaream  indokm  mutatam  ; 
adeoqve  nullam  inferri  pofle  concludonem,  a  produAiont 
alumiais  ad  praefeatiam  terrae  argiiloCe,  niii  alia  iimul  accef- 

ferine 

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«>f  Co)  1.^ 


♦a 


ferint  momenta  a  qvibus  idem  evincitur,  vel,  a  denegata 
praeparaticiiie  aluininis,  ad  abfeatiam  argiilae« 

Oi/r^,Alumenpraeparatum  vocari  folet,  Alumhn  de  rocca, 
cujus  deaominationis  ra»'ionem  dedit  Lbibnitius  in  protog» 
p.  47.  dicens  .*  Confiat^  aluminis  coqvendi  artem  vix  trecenttr  ab 
Vine  annis  a  Rocca  Syriit  in  Europum  rediijfe  untie  ALUAir- 
j^is  ROCG^,  non  intelkBa  vulgo  appellatio,  atqve  in  Italia 
primum  exercitatam^  feriuf  inGermaniam  penetrajfe^  Alumb^ 
ROMANUJtt  id  unice  dicitur  qvod  fuperficialiter  rubens 
praeparatur  a  cakareo  aluminari  albo  ad  Tdfa ,  qvod  omni 
imraixto  ferro  &  vitriolo  caret,  ^  flonnuUis  vero  dicitut 
participate  dejale  communis 

Okf,  6  Aluminis  ufus  praecipuus  eft  in  atU  ttncloria  ad  eolores 
ipfos  praeparandos,  partim  pro  bifi ,  partim  pro  aitore; 
Ktiam  in  medicis,  ut  adftringens ;  praeterea  acf  pjyropi&<?rtt«i 
praeparandum  &  plura  alia*  A  plurimis  artificibus  qvoqvo 
lunul  ufurpatun 


«lMUhUv 


.}^ 


Wt 


f.  9^* 


Digitized  by 


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44  t>i  C  o  )  k| 

§:  91- 

4.  NITRUM,         Gen.  35. 

Svcth.  Saltpeter. 

Gail.  Nitre  ou  saLpetRE. 

Germ.  Saipeter. 
inio.  Sapore  eft  falino ,  amaro ,  frigido ,  colore  y  dum  pu« 
rum  eft,  aqveo,  pellucidum,  nitens  ,  in  aSre  clarita* 
tcm  retinens. 

ddo*  Solvitur  integras  aqvas  catids  dupio  ^  fine  fedimen* 
to,  frigidie  vero  fextuplo. 

^do.  Criftallifabtle  figura  hexangnlari  prifmatica  cum  apt« 
ce  hexaedro,  parum  ad  unum  latus  indinante.   Fig« 

4to.  Carbonibus  ignUis  injeQum  fcintillulas  cum  fibilo  fpar- 
git,  qvod  detokare  dicitur.  Si  cum  ptdvero  car^ 
tonum  aut  alia  materia  inflammabili  mifcetur  ti  de« 
inde  ignito  carbone  luee  mixtura  accenditur,  etiam 
detonat. 

5to.  Igni ,  per  fe  in  Cfucibulo  aut  alio  vafe  ,  impofi- 
tum  placide  liqvefcit  &  inftar  aqvas  fluit.  Fufohuic 
nitro  dum  ptdvis  carbmum  vel  alia  inflammabilis  ma- 
teria-additur  ,  vehemcnter  detoaat ,  &,  continuatt 
hujus  materias  inje£tiotie  y  tandem  ^eflGsit  detonatio, 
&  mutatum  deprchenditur   nitrum    in"^  aOudi  ^- 

Cum  fak   tanari  &  Imrace  nulla  fit  detonatio,  fed 
fpumefcit  mixtura  in  igne. 

Sto.  Compofitum^Vi^a  ^irfo  peculiari  prius.dercripto  j^. 
137.  &  fde  alkdino  fixo. 

Obf,  t.  Dum  auftorei  antiqviores  &  recentiores  evoluimuSt 
deprebendimut  Unas  diftinftiflimas  Tpecies,  vel  potius  gene- 
ra, n/Vri  nomine  vcniflc.  (t)  Nitrum  vHerum^  qvod  in  fe- 
qveottbus  defcribendum  ,  eft  Sal  alkalinm  cum  acidis  effer 

vefcens, 

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%l 


vcrceos,  idem  qvod  &  natron  ei  appellatuin.  (b)  Nitnm 
hodiernum  »  de  qvo  heic  fermo  ed. 

OIL  2*  Hoc  nitriun ,  cujus  mineras  heic  defcribere  volumus, 
ut  in  locis  fubterraneis  nondum  eft  repertum,  fied  vix  ultri 
pedum  profunditacem  aat  in  fuperiicie  &  qvldem  in  terrai 
feu  matrice  magis  ia  regno  miaerali  adventitia  qvam  iadi* 
gena ;  hinc  plurimi  omne  nitrum  e  regno  miaerali  excluden- 
dum .  judicarunt ,  vel  potius  ut  artefaUum  qvam  n^iiurale 
coaiideraodam.  Sed  hxc  momenta  nos  non  movere  pof" 
funt,  qvin  in  fyftemate  miaeralogico  defcribamus  fal,  qvod 
corporis  &  qvldem  fails  mineralis  perfe&as  poiTidet  uotas 
charafterifticas^  atqve  ut  naturale  confiderari  debet* 

Qbf,  i-  Nomen  nthumy  an  habeat  a  nitYia  ^gypti  proviacia 
cfr.  Plinu  Hift,  N.  L.  39.  cap.  lo.  An  k  Graecorum 
vi^uv  vel  yiwTBiv ,  lavare  ,  qvia  veterum  erat  mundifi- 
cans,  cir.jBKBAiiws  ir«fla(<  hoc  ia  medium  relinqvimus* 

I.    NITRUM   terra   mineralifatum^      Terra  nitr'osa. 

Spec.  ^40. 
Nitrum  bwnofum.     von  Linn6  84#  It 
Sveth.  Saltpeter  jord. 

-GalU  La  tkrre  nitReuse.  ^     ' 

Oerm,  Salpetererde, 

Eft  terra  pingvis  panim  alkalina  vel  calcarea ,  ftipcrfi- 
citlis ,  vix  ultra  duorura  pedum  profunditatem  ,  fapore 
acri ,  frigido  ,  carbonibus  ignitis  injeaa  parura  fremens, 
ferro  ignito  qvod  huic  terras  immittitur  &  paulifper  ia 
cadeni  relinqvLtur  maculas  inferens  hinc  illinc  parum  fla- 
vcfcentcs. 

Ca)  Terra  nitrosa  ,  humafa. 

Hsec  freqventiffima  eft  ,  humum  pro  bafi  agnofccns. 

'  (b)  Terra  nitrosa  ,  ccsmeterii, 

Jy['c)  Terra  nitrosa  »  cakarsa. 

^    '  II.  NI- 

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4tf  tx(o;«* 

12.  T^VtRXJM  ttrra  cokarea  mixtum^  tnurU  lapidihus  out  fa- 
xis  fuperjjcialiter    adbarens.       Nitrum    calcareum. 

Spec.  24 !• 

NUrum  calacreum  vel  murak.     Lister  efe  font. 
jiphronUron  CarthEuser  in  aft.  Twog  .  ii.  359. 
Svcth.  Saltpetterhaltigt  mursalt. 
Call.  Sal  mural  hitreux^     Salpetre  de  houssa-^ 

OE. 

•    Germ,  SalpeteRhaltiges  mavrsalz. 

Hoc  nitrum  unicc  reperiri  folct  aut  in  tcftudinibus  ccl- 
larum  ^  aut  aliis  locis  ^  muris ,  lapidibus  vel  faxis  fuper- 
ficialiter  adfixum  ,  forina  falitto  Wrr ca  ,  fed  vix  alibi  qvam 
in  Ticiniis  ftabularii  .aut  alius  domus  ubi  excremenu  ani- 
snalium  exonerantar\  k  qvibus  urinofum  &  pitigve  calcft« 
rcas  terras  immixtum  fieri  pdteft;  fapore  eft  nitrofo,  car- 
bonibus  ignitis  iajedum  fcintillat  ,  cum  acidis  vero  adfu- 
fi%  inttfrdum  cffervefcit  interduni  non  ;  aqva  folutum  cri* 
itallirabite  figura  oblonga  tetraadrica  ^  apice  truncaco ,  qvs 
figura  dependet  ab  immixco  calcareo. 

(a)  NiTRuM  cALCAREUM,  dlbum. 
C«mento  adhaerct  murarib;  in  igne  fiilraiftat^  cum  aci- 
dis non  cffervefcit     A  mufo  prope  JldMdriulh  Vpfa* 
lia.  »        . 

Cb)  NiTRVM  CALcAREUM  ^  Tubrum^ 
.     Vidctur  granulare  ,    rubedinem    i   tenuiflimb  pulvcfc 
tegtdari  admixto  habens^  com  acidis  non  efftrvefcit^ 
in  igne  ftilminatt    A  ^uroin  one  upfaHmfi. 

Obf  f.  Apbromtrum  qvod  defcripfit  Carthruier  »  A^. 
Mog^  II.  37o>  aibo  fuit  colore  *  cum  acidis  e^rVefceas, 
terram  calcaream  in  rdutSooibus  depooeos,  criftallos  pr^ 
bens  figura  tetraedrica  apice  truncato,  criftallisyW//  f^i' 
tenjtt  fimillimis,  k  qvibus  aqva  folutis  cum  file  alkaUnQ 
fixo  prscipitata  eft  terra  calcarea  cum  dcidii  effervefcen^; 
cum  cleo  ijftrioli  autem  expellitur  ab  iisdem Jpiritur  nitrh 
atqve  k  refiduo/i/  mirnbiU  eft  produftura.  LudoVici  la 
jLfK  N.  C.  Dec.  I.  mm.  4.  &*  j.  hoc  nitrum  calcarcum 
eciam  aphonitrm  appeilat  /  ab  eodem  deftillavlt  f^ritum 


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«H  )  o  (  Mj  47 

mtru  Sed  exiftimamus,  hoc  fal  calcareum  non  coofundi 
debere  cum  veterum  Aphvonitro^  qvod  potius  Jphronatron 
vocandum,  a  qvo  ffirkus  mtrofut  uoa  obdoeri  potefti  ai« 
il  accideDtaliter. 

Otf.  a.  Commemoratur  i  plurimis  in  Indiii  &  Peru  reperiri 
nitrum  perfecfte  criflalli&cum,  a  uatura  produ(%um,  qvod,  ft 
ita  eft,  merito  Kixavtn  sativum  app^tlin  debet. 

r 

Obfervatioms  circa  nitrum^ 
Obf.  1.  Nitrum  iafuper  eft  obfervatum. 

imo,  NITRILM  in  AQUA  PLUVIALI  &  NlVAtJ, 
Ctr.  Marqgraff  ia  Mem.  Berlin  1751. 

ado.  NfFRUM  IN  AQVA  FONT  ANA. 

I^onnuilis  in  locis.    Cfr.  Marggraff,  1,  c»       t**vi. 

3to.  NITRUM  IN   AQVA  MARINA. 
Juxia  Experimenca  C.  Nbumannt. 

4to.  NITRUM  SaXO  DESTUCTIBILI  immixtnm. 

.    Hoc  faxum,  qvod  oil  gramtei  fufcus  aere  de/lru^ihilif^  Fen^ 

nonum  rapakivi,  defcripfiraus  inter  faxa  Spec^  201.  lit   /. 

ab   eodem  &  nitrum  &  fal  commune  elixiviari  polfe  exper- 

tus  eft.  JoH,  BBKGEK  ,  cff.  Urb,  KlBRSia  TentamXhem^ 

5 to  Nitrum  Lapidi  CaLCAREO  nJbo  nitentt  inhitrenr. 

Ita  defcribitur  minera  vocata  nitri,  qvx  reperitur  in  Ukrani^ 

polcnica^  plena  tacie  lapidis  calcarel  gaudens,  a(ire  autein 

•      tatifcens,  ad  maximam  partem  aqva  folubilis,  qvae  folutio 

f  criftallifabilis   partim   in  nitrum  partim  in  fal  commnnc  cfr, 

it   Bdrghart  de  S.  Seignett.  p.  41. 

|k>^  0.  Infuper  notandum  qvod  nitrum  reperiatur  in  doo^ 
i  nuUis  vegetMiibuSy  locis  putridis  crefcentibus,  amaris,  utpo^ 
tc  in  najiurtioy  funmria^  beccabunga  ,  beiiotrapio  ifc<  ut  ex. 
perimenta  Lemmbrjana  &  de  Rason  in  Mem*  Par:  I7i7» 
cvincunt.  Hoc  nitrum  licet  impurum,  h^ne  tamen  fuhnt- 
oat,  vocari  folet  \  Chemkif;  Sal  ESSENTIALE  SUBNITRO, 
SUM  AMARUM.    Cfr>  Spec.  2%6.  Nro.  S, 

^bf,  3.  Ante  flo.  annos  &  qvod  excurrit,  Dlffertationem  de 

origine  if    natura   nitri    promulgavi  ,  poftmodum  infert%m 

in  recreattonf  [pby/iques  t.   i.   f.    67s,  fed   ut  ab  aliis  ex- 

pecimentis  &  obfervationibus  piura  jam  reperii  qvaBiaallaca 

'  ibl  tbeor&a  opus  babent  aliqva  emendatloiie,  panels  itaqve 

lieic 


f 


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Google 


4tf  ts<(o;«* 

12.  NITRUM'  ftrrj  cdlcarea  mixtuntj  nturis  lapliihus  out  fa- 
xis  fuperficialiter    adbarens.       Nitrum,    calcareum. 

Spec.  241. 
NUrum  calacreum  vel  murale.     Lister  ete  font. 
jiphronUron  CarthEuser  in  aft.  Twog..  ii.  359. 
Svcth.  Saltpetterhaltigt  mursalt. 
Call.  Sai^  mural  hitr£ux^     Salpetre  de  houssa-^ 

OE. 

'    Gcrni.  SalpeteRhaltiges  mavrsalz. 

Hoc  nitram  unice  reperiri  folet  aut  in  teftudinibus  tel- 
larum  ^  aut  aliis  locis  ^  muris ,  lapidibus  vel  faxis  fuper- 
ficialiter adfixum  ^  fonna  falino  terrea  ^  fed  vix  alibi  qvam 
m  Ticiniis  ftabularii  .aut  alius  domus  ubi  excremenca  ani- 
snalium  exonerantar,  ii  qvibus  urinofum  &  pitigve  calcft« 
reas  terras  immixtum  fieri  poteft;  fapore  eft  nitrofo,  car- 
bonibus  ignitis  iajedum  fcintillat  ,  cum  acidis  vero  adfu- 
fis  interdum  effervefcit  interduni  non  ;  aqva  folutum  cri* 
itaUifabite  figura  oblonga  tetraSdrica  ^  apice  truncaco ,  qvs 
figura  dependet  ab  immixco  calcareo. 

(a)  NiTRuM  CALCAREUM,  dlbum. 
Casmento  adhsret  murarib;  in  igne  fulminate  cum  ad- 
dis  non  effervefcit.     A  muto  prope  JldbtdariulA  Vpfa* 
tia.  .        . 

(T>)  NiTRVM  CALCAREUM  ^  rvbrum^ 
.     Videtur  granulare  ,    rubedincm    a   tenuiflimo  pulverc 
tegtdari  admixto  habens  ^  cam  acidis  non  effervefcit^ 
in  igne  ftilminatt    A  muto  in  one  upfatimfi. 

Gbf  f.  Aphrmtrum  qvod  defcripfit  CARTttRUiER  »  A^m 
Mog^  II.  37o>  aibo  fuit  colore ,  cum  acidis  efferVefceas, 
terram  calcareatn  in  folutiooibus  depooeos,  criftallos  pr^ 
bens  fignjra  tetiaSdrica  apice  truncato,  criftallis/rfi/  fidfi* 
eenjji  fimillimis,  h  qvibus  aqva  folutis  cum  fals  alkatiuQ 
fixo  pracipitata  eft  terra  calcarea  cum  dcidis  effervefceni; 
cum  cleo  "vitrioli  autem  expel}itur  ab  iisdem /piritur  nitri, 
atqve  h  refiduo/^/  mirnhih  eft  produftum-  LudoVK^i  in 
KfK  N.  C.  Dec.  I.  Mn.  4.  &*  s*  hoc  nitrum  calcareum 
eciam  apbrm'trm  appeilat  /  ab  eodem  deftillavlt  fpiritum 


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«H  )  o  (  Mt  47 

Kfr/.  Sed  exiflimamus,  hnc  fal  calcareum  non  confundl 
debere  cum  veterum  Jpbronitro^  qvod  potiua  Jlphronatron 
vocandum,  a  qvo  fpirltus  nurofus  uoa  obtioeri  poteit,  aU 
fi  accidentalicer. 

Ctf,  «.  Coramemoratur  h  plurimis  in  Indiis  &  Peru  reperiri 
nitrum  pertedte  criftalU&tum,  a  uatura  produftura,  qvod,  fi 
ita  eft,  m«rito  Nixawi  kativum  app«^n  debec. 

ObfervatiQnes  circa  nttrum^ 

Ohf.  I.  Nitrum  iafuper  eft  obfervatum. 

laio,  XITRILM  in  AQUA  PLUVIALI  &  NIVALI, 
Ctr,  Marqgraff  ia  Mem.  Berlin  ijS^*  .^ 

ado.  NITRUM  IN  AQVA  FONTANA.  **»' 

Nonnullis  in  locis.    Cfr.  Marggraff,  1,  Co  ^ 


i 


3to.  NITRUM  IN    AQVA  MARINA. 

Juxta  Experimenta  C.  ^Jbumannf. 

4to.  NITRUM  SaXO  DESTUCTIBILI  immixttim. 
.  Hoc  faxuiii,  qvod  eit  granites  fufcus  aere  deJirunihUis^  Fen» 
nonum  rapakivi,  defcri pfimiis  inter  faxa  Spec*  20i.  lit.  i. 
ab  eodem  &  nitrum  &  fal  commune  elixiviari  polTe  exper* 
tus  eft.  JoH,  BBKGBR,  cft.  Urb.  HlBRKB  TentamXhcm^ 
II.   I<5. 

•  5 to  Nitrum  Laptdi  CALCAREO  ftlho  mtenti  inherent, 
Ita  dcfcribknr  minera  vocata  nitri,  qvae  reperitur  ia  Ukranin 

poionica^  plena-  facie  lapidis  calcarei  gaudeiis,   aere  auteiu 
■      t'atifcens,  ad  maximam  partem  aqva  folubilis,  qvae  folutio 

criftallifabllis   partim   io  nitrum  partial  iu  fal  commune  cfr, 

BcRGHART  de  5*.  Seipiett.  p.  41. 

Ohf.  tf.  Infaper  notandum  qvod  nitrum  reperiatur  in  noQ^ 
nuUis  vegetubilibuiy  locis  piuridis  crefcentibus,  amaris,  utpo. 
te  in  na/Jurtioj  fumaria  ^  beccabun^a  ^  beliotr9pio  ^c*  ut  ex. 
perimenta  Lemmbriana  &  de  Rason  in  Mem*  Far,  I7i7. 
cvincunt.  Hoc  nitrum  licet  impurum,  i^ne  tamen  fulmi- 
nat,  vocari  folet  A  Chm'tcit^  Sal  ESSENTIALE  SUBNITRO. 
SUM  AMaRUM.    Cfr*  Spec.  2%6.  Nro*  <?, 

0^^  3.  Ante  ao.  annos  &  qvod  excurrit,  Diflertationem  de 

I    m^ine  if    natura   nitri    promulgavi  ,  poftinodum  infert^m 

\    in  recreations  {pbyjiques  t,    i.   p.    672.  fed   ut  ab  aliis  cx- 

perhnentis  &  obfervationibus  plura  jam  rcperii  qvae  in  allata 

ibi  theoria  op«s  babent  alioYiffpendatiOue,  panels  itaqve 

*n      •-'  .  heic 


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4»  tx(t>)K| 

heic  de  online  nitrl  dilferere  volumus ,  uberius  hanC  rem 
ID  Chhm.  phys.  f-  «•  cap,  3.  enucleavimuf. 
imo,  Lixhium  nitri  primum  ,  qvod  artifices  matemum  ap- 
pellant, qv^ic,  a  foU  terra  nttrafa,  ibiqve  nma'i  lUlfcelU 
elixiviatur  cum  nqva  pur  a  per  decoftiooein  ,  eft  craniiai^ 
plus  minus  fufcum ,  prout  terra  nitrofa  plus  minus  pingve- 
dinis  habuerit  immJxtum;  cum  acidis  non  ettervefcic ,  met* 
cuvium  fublmatum  non  pr^cipltat  :  cuai  fde  aikalm  zoU* 
tiii  congrumatur ,  cum  oko  tart  art  p.  d.  cuagulatur  fimul 
^dorem  mlaxHem  feu  fpiritum  mwiatikm  eitiittens  ;  crijlalli^ 
fatur  in  verum  nitrum ,  radiis  e  ceotro  in  peripheriam  tea" 
dentibus  dum  hujuslixivii  gutcula  in  fcrrum  poLitum  inftiU 
latur,  fi  vero  oimispingve  fuedt  lioc lixivium,  turn  abhuju*- 
modi  j^utiula  nonnifi  paulifper  elevatum  fal  coofpicitu^; 
more  autemapud  chcraicos  receptoiafpilTatum  hoc  lixivium 
&  criftallifatiim  praebet  plerumqve  crijiallos  iamellrfar  plu- 
mis  baud  difQmileSt  in  acre  deliqvefcentes,  qv«,  raitinri  ca- 
lore  exficcatae,  ad  partem  ia  igne  detoaant,  ad  majoreoi  ve- 
ro partem  intumercunt  &  fpumefcunt  cum  vrAatiti  odore, 
qvi  &  fortior  fentitur  dum  quidpiara  oki  tartart  p.  d»  ad- 
funditur.  Ad  ficcitatem  evaporatum  hoc  lixivium  relinqvit 
maffam  nigram ,  qv«  carbonSbus  ignitis  iojefti  fnm«  &  i- 
gnem  concipit,  qvae  port  deflagrationem  ,  relifta  materia, 
aqva  foiuta,  dat  lixivium  clarura  qvod  cum  oko  tartari  p. 
rf.  non  coagulatur.  Dcftillatum  hoc  lixivium  primum  dat 
fhkgma  cum  fak  vtiUtili ,  fortiori  igne  jpiritum  actdum  rubra 
flavum ,  qvi  praecipitat  argenium  ex  aqva  forti  euro  fHe  </- 
kaUno  faturatum  praebet  partim  nitrum,  partim  fil  commune  ai 
indolem  itaqve  aqva  regis  qvia  hie  fpiritus  accedat  nullum 
eft  dubium,  qvod  &  atteftatur  Zimmerman  in  Neu- 
MANNUM  p*  r40«S.  Re/iduo  poft  hanc  deftillationem  fi  ad- 
lunditur /i^ui  &  de  novo  inftituitur  deftilUtio  obtinetur  ite- 
rum  alMi  volatik  &  qvidem  fortius  qvam  in  deftillatione, 
&  ];)o(lmodum  afj-^a  re^if ;  deftillatum  lixivium  cum  oka 
'Dttridi  dat  fpiritum  fulphureum,  delude  aqvam  re£U.  Cfr. 
Zimmerman  in  C»  Neumannum.  I.  c. 

ftdo.  Coajrulum  qvod  cum  fak  aihlino  fixo  obtinetur,  fiveab  ipfo 
lixivia ,  five  a  fak  mtrofo  criftallifato  ,  qvod  defcripfimus, 
aqva  folutum,  dhnittit  ad  fundum  terram  aWam^  &  fi  evapo- 
retur  &  criftallifatur  ha?c  eadem  folutlo  ,  dat  criftiUos 
cuhicas  &  non nu lias  m/rr/j/, 

3tlo.  StfumA  fub  decodtione  lixivi!  afcendens  nulli  veftlgia 
fAt  toktilis  praebet  (  cum  o/^o  ttnati  p.  d/  co^golftar.  Bi« 
dem  &  aatura  deprehenditur  crufla  ahenis  nitrarils »  ia*  qvi* 
Ims  liJLivium  wtxqfum  decoqvicur,  adiuereof* 

Ui3 

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His  elucet  expcrinientis  ia  hoc  lixivia  confeqventer  &  in 
terra  uttrofa  adeffe  (aj  piogvedmein ,  qvae,  p^oraajori  vel 
tninori  copia,  elt  cauiradiffi:,ilioris  cryftallifanonishu  us  li- 
Xivii  {hj  fal  volatile  &  urinqfum^  qvod  partim  per  fe  exi- 
ft*^,ns  deprthenditu- ,  partim  qvoqve  cum  acido  falis  in  /W 
amnmniJcMe  oiutatum ,  qvod  concludimus  cum  k  praefencia 
filis  vol/uiLs&L  f^mitus  falis  p^r  dtfliilaiionetn  elidu  ,  qviiu 
qvia  i\iii\d  Jaiis  communis  veftrgia  reperiuntur  priusqvam  al* 
kdit  fixum  luerit  additurn,  qvo  fal  ammoniacak  decomponi- 
tur.  «c)  Spirttum  falis  ^  qvi  per  deftillationem  eiicicur  ,  k 
qvo  cum  fate  volatili  fal  aminoniacale  producitur  (d>  m- 
rmn/ com  pie  turn  &  ad  luas  partes  penedtum,  variis  licet  he« 
tcrogeaeis  impurum,  ex  eo  eft  m^niteflum,  qvod  ad  obti- 
nendum  nitruaj  puriOimum  oil  aliudreqvirtur  qvam  iterata 
folutin  &  criflallifatio.  f e)  Terram  qvoqve  in  lixJvio  hoc 
primo  foiutam  deprehendimus ,  qvae,  vei  cum  alkiiifixa^h 
ipfo  lixivio  praecipitari  pot  ell;  vel  cum  actdfjvitrttbco,  ad 
refiduum  poft  deftiflationes  adufout  fiat  rolutiocuni<iddic<i 
aqva,  feparari  poteft,  vel  ah  ipfomagmate,  port  cnltall  la- 
riouem  relidto,  obtineri.  Eft  haec  terra  pecuUaris  indoiiSi 
Ante  calcinationem  ,  cum  acido  vitriolico  elTervefcens ,  <Sc 
cum  eodem  in  fal  n.cdium  fali  angiicanc*  fiaiile  abiens,  prae" 
cipiiat  calcaream  terram  acido  UAuuni  nec  non  cakem  at> 
aqva  caUis  viva;  calcmata^  vocatur  Magnesia  Nitrt, 
qvae  ab  acidis  fine  efterveicentia  folvitur,  non  feparat  ach 
dum  a  terra  calcarea  nullamqve  aqva:  c4cis  viva  inter^ 
mutationem.  Evidens  hinc  eft,  banc  terram,  ante  calclna- 
Ctonem,  ut  pure  terram  calcansam  confidei-ari  non  polTe,  led 
\kt  t€ffam  folubikm  y  hoc  eft,  ad  indolem  falin%m  acceden- 
teni;  uade  &  pcrfpicuum  tcrrarum  indolem  qvam  maxima 
kfaiibus  cum  iisdem  coadunatismutari  Ctr.  Joseph  Black 
in  Ejf,  and^  Otf.  Edmimrg^  Vol.  ii.  p«  l>7,  &c, 

0^.  4*  Nhri  crifiallifati^  tres  inprimis  Varietates  funt  diftinftae 

Hmo.  NiTRUM  CocTiONis  Fkim^,  qVod  n&n  ra^mtum  ap- 
pelbri  folet,  a  decot^ione  terra  nitrf?  u\  lixivio  pnrao,  pet 
criftaliiUtionem  cbtinetur,  colore  tA  lufco,  mtnus  pellucr- 
dum,  minoribus  &  criftallis  praeditum  ;  aere  ficco  fit  f»pe 
larinaceum,  humidoaeredeliqvefcens  inftar  falis  communis; 
igui  in  crucibulo  impofitum  tumat&  fpumefcit,  tortiori  v' 
ro    igne   fluit;     cum  infiammabili  detonat;     aqva  folutum, 

firapcipitatiir  k  folutione  cam  ole9  tartar  I  p,  d.    rerra  k]b^. 
D  hoc  itaqveimpuro  nitroadeft  (a)  multa  pingvedo  ^  qvam 
color  indicat,  nec  non  fpumefcencla  in  igne  &  tumus.  (b^ 
Tcrra^  roiror^^  tadolis ,  qvae  ab  alkaliuis  ^libus  praedpita- 
Tom.  IL  D  tur, 


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tur ,  qv»  ctuDTa  efxiftit  qvnd  hoc  fal  aSre  ficco  fit  feffea- 
ceum,  &humido  ddiqvcfcens.  (c)  l^erumnitrum^  cum  ba- 
j&  alkalim  ,  q v»  poft  detonationem  relinqvitur  ac  neceifano 
prlus  nitco  inexiftens  fuerit.  NuUa  veil  gia  /////  uvimfi 
in  hoc  Birco  cepeciuocuc ;  uade  jure  conciudimus,  urimfum^ 
qvod  Donnulli  chemicl  In  nitro  impuro  fe  deprebendiile  di- 
cunt,  dependere  A /i^  amomaco  in  iixivio  exifteace>  ac« 
qve  nitco  cafu  iaftum  fuKTe  adbaecens.  ^ 

fido.  NiTRUM  KAFFiNATUM,  pcoducitWT  k  uHro  toRsottif 
prima ,  No.  r.  duin  id ,  aqva  folvitur ,  dccoqvituc ,  ablau 
fub  decodtione  fpuoia,  deinde  filtCituc,  tandem  evapocatur  & 
criftallifitur,  qvo  fimphci  modoobtinentuc  cnftalli  albe- 
fceates«  remipeiiucidK  majores.  laceribus  nitidis,  qvod  vuU 
gare  eft  nitcum  qvod  divendlluc  ;  cum  acidis  nineraltbas 
non  eifervefcic,  cum  oleo  vitrioti  ^Mt^m  incaiefcit&  fpume- 
fcit;  atjva  folutum  ^  praeci  pita  tuc  ab  eodem  com  alkali  fixo 
&  voIatUi  terra  alba.  Non  opus  ut  proitxe  heic  adteram« 
qva  fimplici  via  mtrarii  fuum  nitrum  impurum  in  wtrum 
raffinatwn  mutant.  Sufficit  me  heic  indicafTe,  fine  omai  ad* 
dicamento,  q^rocunqve,  roodo  iodicato,  nitrum  purum 
few  raffimtum  producere  pofle,  <jVod  obfecvare  debeat  qyi 
negant  nitrum  &  multo  magis  nitrum  raffinatum  •  fine  ad* 
mixto  fde  MlkaUnn  obtineri  poflTe.  Si  ad  eiixiviationem  & 
depocationem  adhibitum  t'uerit  a  nurariii  aliqyod  fal  alkali 
vigetabile  ,  vel  lixivtum  cinerum  aut  ptponarittm  ,  qvod 
compoficioneni  nitri  ingrederetur,  neceflfario  nitcum  purum 
hufusmodi  fal  alkali  continer^t «  &  nulla  prxcipitatio  ab 
alio  identico  fale  alkalino  vegetabili  produci  poffet. 

3tio.  Nitrum  depuratum,  i  nitro  raffinato  No.  2.  aqva 
foluto  odtinetnr  per  criftallifationem ,  conftat  criftdlis 
inajoribus,  pellucidis,  puriflimis,  aqveo  colore  nitentibus, 
nullam  terram  ab  eUo  tartars  per  d.  prscipitabilem  conti* 
neotibuSy  faltem  continere  nou  debenC* 

^  Obf.  5*  Ut  jam  indicaviraus  varum  nitrum^  in  tota  fua  com- 
pofitione  in  terra  nitrarin  adefle,  qvod  etiam  confirmat 
nitrum  cMcareum  (Spec,  2^)  ncc  non  nitrum  in  faxis  &  /apf- 
dibuf  nee  non  vegetabilil/us  praefens  (r/r.  Obf.  /.  ^  *•)• 
jam  nobis  enodandum ,  undenam  alkali  &  unde  acidum  ntri 
fuam  habeant  originem,  &  qvomodoprobabiliter  ipftim  m- 
trum  a  natura  producatnr* 

(A J  Ad  a/iirii//qvodadclaet,fuot  qviexiftiatant  In  folutionibus 
&   ;dec6aionibys    terra   nitraria   aut  nitri   ncn   rajinati^ 

neces* 


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necefrarluna  efle  ut  cineres  vegotablliuin  addautur ;  fed,  licec 

negare  non  poITuinus  aliqvando  &  alieubi  ciueres  addi  ad 

collendaiii  pingvediaetn  ;  mtnin:e  tamea  credendum  id  fejTj<* 

per  fieii  &  abfolute  neccfTirium  elfe ;  podus  abhujusmo^i 

'     additameutis  abhorrent  nitrarii,  perdiuturnam  experientiaru 

^     couvidi,  terrain  humofatti,  lixivjo  terras  ivitrariae,   poft  cri- 

ftaiUfitionem  relifto  humedatam,  breve  intra  rempus,  ferri- 

liflimam  iiitri  fieri,  fed  ab  bujusmodi  cimrum  &  iixivii  nlki-^ 

//Ri  admixtiooe  minus  idaaeam    reddi  ad  g^Qerationcm  n'r 

tri,  iiiio,  fuaro  tertilitatem  omnino  amittere,  hiiicad  diri" 

fcatioucm    Iixivii  ,    utuntur  potius    ltxi%io    nitric    data  6i 

Iri^ido,  poft  criftallifationes    relifto  ;    ncnnullibi  viuio' 

h  marcu  aut  zinci  ^  cUrificauoiiem    inlticuuuc,    Doanuliibi 

almnme*  § 

Probabiliter  nos  opinanvur  ,  nondum  efTe  defnonflratum,  annon 
fill  alkiii  fixum  nitri ,  nb  ipfi  natura  ,  tn  peculiar i  combinations 
tiff  a  calcarea  cum  fait  bus  act  its  produci  pujft  y  fub  pulrefd* 
H^i&  intfinfeco  motn  'i  Ita  fieri  poile,  aofiin  cogifandi 
nobis  fubminjftrant  feqventia  mornRata.  (a)  PecuUaris 
indoles  mn^nefi^  nitri t  ad  iudolem  nUinam  accedenns  (Otr/^ 
J*)  (b);  Artificuiis  buju^  fails  alkalini  fixi  praeparatio  a 
Calcb  viva  cum  fuiphure  decodta,  fimiliter  &  a  calcs 
cm  cum  vttrioh  aut  faU  commuui ,  licet ,  ab  his  mixturis 
noQ  pertedtum  fal  alkali  obt'netur,  (c  A  calc€ ,  nitd 
generationem  promoveri ,  &  in  omni  terra  oitrofa ,  qvid« 
plani  caicarei  adefle  ;  (d^  Prsfentia  liujus  falis  alkalini  fixi 
in  onmi  fere  terra  truftitWai  prout  KULSiiL  &  HiaKxi» 
fuflU  expert!, 

(BJ  Acidi  nitroji ofigiaem  indicavimus  in.o/fcrtfiij/on/^a/  cirai 
fiiia  acidii  miiuralia  ^  Ohf  ^.  qvaro  coniirnrnac  inevitabilia 
accejlui  aeris  nee  uon  praeteutia  Diateri*  tnfidmmabilis  ,  Ve* 
getabilis  aut  mineralis. 

J<C^  Hifce  praemiffis,  ad  gentrationem  ipjius  nitri  accedimus; 

;  qvam  feqventi  raodo  fieri ,  nob-s  prob-ibilirer  videtur*  A 
fide  voiaiiit^  fub  putrefadtioae  genernto,  combiuito  cum 
acido  a^reo  feu  principali ,  tormatur  /hI  ammoniucde  ;  hoc 
dmmontacale  fde  non  poreft  non  ipfi  ping-v^doy  qv«  in  ter- 
ra B/V/7p  &  Mali  voiatiii  adeft,  fubtilifari  ac  folvi  ,  &  fi- 
mi4  in  &    cum  Actdo  incorporari  ,    uode   nitvofum  acidutn 

5>roveoit.  Ipfa  aueam  pingvedo  feu  illud  inft^mmabile,  qvod 
ic  acido  afibciatur,  fecum  qvoqvein  confortiumtrahit/«^ 
J*  tiltmem  terram  folubilem  caicaream^  ^  qva  hdfis  dMlna,  ni- 
tri forraatur,  Eo  ipfo  itaqve  qvo  fpiritus  nitri  genercitur 
aomeuto,  producuur  ovoqvetow  fua  compoucicae  ipluna 
D  A  ui- 


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1%  «x;oc«i 

nltram  ;  tain  qvoad  partem  acidm ,  qvaa  Mahm  &  10- 
fiammdbikm^ 

Hanc  Boftram  theoriam  Ulufirat  &  confirmat  oftificlaUs  nitri 
fraparatio  iLfllecommum  cum  cake  vha  &  urina  mixto, 
aeri  expouto ,  vel ,  &  /ak  communi ,  cum  dimidia  parte  tii- 
trtoli  &  fiU  mrinqfo^  vel  fie,  kfolutionc  ttttari  in  urina cuna 
immixto  ja/f  eommum. 

Obf  6.  urus  frrm'  eft  aaximua  10  meikit^  &  inevitahilis 
in  pyroitebnicist  ^  nitro  namgve  producitur  notiflimut  & 
fimul  oocentiiEmus  pulvis  pyriuSf  cui  pulveri  hodieroa  ars 
^eUka  integre  innititur.  uairpatur  nitrum  etiam  maxime 
io  cbemicis  &  Sodmjicis  nee  non  in  arte  vitrmsa> 


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»  )  o  C  «l  5J 

5^    MURIA*    Sal  commune,  cen^  35.* 

Sal.  AoRicoLia  &  Aliorvm  , 

Sveth*   KOKSALT                                   *-  *•♦  ♦••ct'!  : 

Gall.  Sel  cqmmuh  ou  sel  marin      "'  ""t^  ^  •  ' 

Germ,  KuChensalz  j     .     , 

imo,  Sapore  ell  noto ,  falfo  ,  colore  albo  vel  dqveo ;  cla- 
rum  &  criftallinum  dum  purum  eft,  fine  adore;  in 
aere  huraido  plus  minus  deliqvefcens  ,  nifi  fufficienter 
depuratum  fuerit, 

ado.  Aqv(B  ,  five  calidae  five  frigidas  qvadruplo  folubile, 
fme  fedimento,  qvae  foludo  faturaca  intenliflimo  fri- 
gore  non  conglaciatur. 

jtio.  Criftallifalur   figura  cubica  ,      angulis  nitidis  acutis, 

4to,  Ab  adfufo  oka   vUrioli  fumum  album,  perietramiflS- 
mum,  eruQat,  qvi  fumus  eilfpiritus  acidus  hujus  fa- 
lis^  s  .    .  , 

5to.  In  igne  decrepitat  &  diflllit  in  minores  teffulas ; 
aufto  igne  liqvefcit  &  inftar  aqvae  fluit  ;  fortiori  vc- 
ro  igne,  integre  avolat,  fumo  jiavefccnte  ,  odore  gra- 
to  balfamico  vel   croci, 

6to.  OmpoJitumzcidomuriaticOy  Spec.  j^g.  &cjde  mkalino 
Tninerali  inferius  defcribendo.       ...       .  .     t,^      » 

I.  MURIA  fojfdis  pura,     Sal  GEnnm^       Spccj  241. 
Muria  nuda  fojfdiu     v,  Linnc   98.  3. 
Soi  montmium^     Cronstedt  i29*  '  *   * 

Sveth.  Berg -Salt. 
Gall.  Sel  gemme  ou  sel    fossile.     ^V»  pe  Boma* 

re  371.  2oS* 
Germ.  Berg-Salz  ,    '    ' 

D  3    •  "'•'"^•"    "'       Re. 

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Repcrittir  in  maffa  folida ,  di verfo  colore ,  pluf  .  ml- 
l\us  pelluciduiQ  ;  durum  ,  in  igne  fordter  decr^pitan^, 
diflicultcr  aqva  folubile ,  folutum  vero ,  a  fale  alkalino  fix^ 
vegetabili^  raroqvidpiam  tcrrcftrc  pracipitatur ,  nulla  vcro 
fit  coagulatio  ;  in  aSre  tainen  huraido  deliqvefcit ,  feu  ha* 
midum  rcdditur, 

(a)  Sal  gemm;b,  criflallis  ciAicis. 

Eft  vel  clarum  &  pcllocidam  ;  Cra:tu  in  Potonia^  ve! 
^  album  &  opacum  in  Ethiopia  &t  Cappadocia. 

Oi^y;  NonnuUibi  repcritur  hoc  fal ,  criflallis  rbomboiidUbus 
aut  fere  Nitrojis^  in  Polmia. 

<'  (b)  Sal  gemma,  grantdis  confufis.  ' 

Di  verfo  eft  colore,  plerumqve  fdmipellucidura  j  co- 
lore grileo  aut  albo,  in  Polonia^  Rujfia  &c.  colo- 
re fiavo  in  j4nglia  ;  colore  riibro  aut  casruteo  ia 
Catalonia  Auftria  &  Salzburg  &c. 

OVC  Probabllft  bit,  Jal gemma ^  (Uos  c6loi>es  diverfbs  h  vap9* 
■  .\  ribut  mtnerahbuf  htbert.  n 

(c)  Sal  gemma  ,  fuperfciale^     Flos  salis. 
.     Reperitur  effloroftens ,  tefto  vel  parietibus  fodinarum 
falmarun)  adherens ,  ftHqvando  e;tiim  in  fuperficie; 
u  monticolis  fignuip  prasbet  venes  falinas  prcsfentis^ 

Ohf.  Sal  jjremma  occurrit  vel  in  Jlyath  montium  %  ut  In  /Wo- 
rn j|  Catatonia  &c.  Vel  in  vents  accumulahf  ^  ut|  ni  fal« 
Irr,  In  Sibiria  Tranryhanfa  ^  6  .alibi.  Clr.  Hamb.  Mdtajdn. 

a.  MURIA  fojfilis^  wra  mjmeraUfata.  SaI  Fossile. 

:   -  Spec.  043 
,      Sreth.  5^ALt-JoRD                      '      . 

GalK  La  TERae  de  sel  gemme.     y.  Bomare.  3J4. 

Germ    SALZi-E^Dfe 

tft  tdrra  impraegnata  particulFs  ranriaticis,  iinde  mol- 
lis &  friabilis  exiftit ;  nofcitur  a  fapore  falino  \  elixivia^ 
tionc  fy,  codione  prasbct  fal  coxomune. 

Obf. 


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t><  C  o  )  KJ  55 

-O*/.  In  Pdonh  reperitur  argilla  fate  communi  fcjecunda,  qva 
^       ibidem  Spatk  vocatur.     Refert  qvoqvc  Hasselquist    tii 

itin.  ad  paU/i,    ferram  prope  yaricbo  ,   ut   &    ia  Mgyptrt^ 

(ale  communi  elfe  mixtam. 

3.  MURIA  foJf,lis  ,   lapide  mmralifata^      Sax,  c^duum. 

Spec,  244* 
'     5veth.*  Salt  -5tek 

Gall.  Pierre  mcl^e  de   sel  gemme,    v.  de   Boma- 
RE.  334-  2to8.  rt\ii 

I    Gerra.  Salz- stein 

Hoc  fal  cadttum  iit  minera  falis  gemmiz  confidcrari  po- 
tcft,  conftans  hoc  eodem  fale  cum  lapide  interdum  gypfofo 
intcrdum  fpatbofo  coinmixto  ,  unde  ,  in  aqva  difficulter  fo- 
lubilc  aeri  libero  expofituin  aegre  &  vix  nifi  ad  partem  fit 
deliqvefcens  ,  atqvc  non  nifi  ford  coftura  fal  ab  eodem  fe- 
parari  potcft.     Polonia  &c  Salzburg^ 

Obi,  M-^gnum  pondtris  incrementum  qvod  sal  caduum  ,  aeqve 
ac  sal  gemma  ^  in  aere  fiifcipiunt,  dependet  flue  dubio  ab 
bumido  &  aqvoso  aereo  qvod  attrahuot  &  retiuent. 

4.  MURIA  marina.     Sal   marinum.     Spec.  ^4S\I  " 
Maria  nuda  marina,     v.  LiNwe  93.  !•,  .. 
Sal  marlnum.     Cronstedt  i^^o.      ' '^'  ^  "^^ 
Sveth.    Hafws  -  Salt,      Sfanskt   Salt.  Koksalt 

Boysalt 
*    Gall.  Sel  marin.      Sel  de  cuisine.      Sel  commun* 
V.  De  Bomare  355,  109. 
Germ.  Meersalz.     Kochsalz.     Bozsalz. 

In  aqva  marina ,  per  totum  tcrrarura  orbem  reperi- 
tur ,  fed  diverfis  in  locis  ^  majori  vel  minori  copia  i  eti- 
am  in  pluribus  lacubus  Tartaric  &  Sibiri^  atqve  alibi ; 
aqva  facile  folubile  ,  aSre  deliqvcfcens  ^  aqva  folutura  ab 
alktlifixo  ^  volatili  albefcit  folutio  &  praecipitatur  terra. 

(a)  Sal  marinum   extremis  littoribus  adhanns      Ha- 

LOSACHHE    PliXII* 

D  4  ^^     . 

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5«  t>*yo(t>*i 

Eft  Al  commoue  impurum  faxis  tut  lapidibps  accretum, 
i  /puma  maris  adhterente  gencratum, 

Obf.  Hue,  nifallor,  pertinet.  spurn  mariaa  qvae  corooribM 
littoralibutvel  aliis.  la  vicinia  maris  ,  incruftata  reperl- 
tur.qvae  Adarci  vocatur,  fcVamwe  plenimqveparticipaas. 

fb)  Sal  marinum  in  foveis  aut  cavitatibui  littdraUbtu 
collelttm.     Parjstonium.  Plikii. 

Dumunda  marina,  inprimis  fub  aeftu,  ultra  fiios  li- 
mites  afcendit ,  relinqvit  delbendens  in  foveis  & 
cavitatibus  aqvara ,  a  qva ,  calore  folari  evaporata. 
refiduuni  maiiet  fal  cpncrctum. 

(c)  Sal  maiuncm  in  fttndis  lacutm  concretum, 

Hujusmodilacus  wsperiuntar  in  Stima,  Tartaria  St 
•  alibi  Refert  Gmelin  in- flora  Siber.  in  Siberia 
effe  lacus  pluriraos  &  magnos,  aqvibus.  in  non« 
nullis  verum  fal  commune  ad  fundum  pr«cipitatwr» 
in  aliis,  verum  fal  alkati^  qvardo  iacus  hi  aftate 
exficcantur.  "• 

Cd)  Sai.  MARIN  UM  aqva  marina  extrc^imu 

Kcper  tur  hoc  fal  fatis  iiopurum  aqva  marine  ublvls 
.'-  .  !""!'''^".'"»  f«d  divcrfa  prdportionc ,  fcilicet,  ma. 
jori  qvantitate  in  locis  meridionalibus ,  minori'in 
fe  tentrionalibus  ;  diverfp  qvoqve  tempore  plus  v«l 
rtiii'is.  In  GrMandia  dicitur  reperiri  naturalitet 
criftallifatum  in  fundomgris; 

^*/;  '•  ^?"*'''«t  ??*"  ?"'"'''"»  viip  uUra  4  lothonot  f^Iis  in  ff- 
»»» ,nuanutn  medttenaneo  ad  MaUba  ;  alibi  vlx  a  lotho- 
•es  10  libra  ,  ad  llttort  gallica;  nMW  » lotb  m  in  aqva  ma- 
rina  ad  littora  <i^/iM  .•  ai.bi  vix  ad  i  «/  ij  M  in  libra, 
lit  in  fiau  Botbntco  &  ad  littora  marh  Bait  but  cfr.   7o«r»a/ 

rrobe  rero  fimHl  oblervandtim ,  falfcdincm  maris,  ara/o- 
rem  referm  in  diftantia  a  littore  majori.  ftu  in  alto  marl, 
vubi. minus  aqva  fluviatlli  dJluitur;  majorem  qvoqve  in  a. 
qvis  profondis,  &  qvo  propius  fundo,  eo  majofen.  ob 
graviNtem  falis ;  fimiliter,  niajorem,  veraali  tempore,  qvam 
4/UmA,  utpote  per  hytmem  nunus  diluu  aqua. 

Oit.  » 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Ohf.  2.  Vt  fal  ab  nqva  marina  obtineafur  criftalUratum ,  ne- 
cefle  eft  ad  illam  redigatxir  fortitudinem  ut  in  looJlbris  ejus- 
dem  aqvae  contineantifr  24  itbra  falis ^  in  nJnori  namqve  ' 
propordone  omne  fill  ia  aqva  fufpenfnm  manet.  Ad  hunc 
fi-^eni  obtinenduro  va'^ia  fuiit  excogitara  artificia.  C^J  Ca^ 
lore  sokri  in  raeridionalibus  locis,  ab  aqva  marina  extrahi- 
tur,  fine  mf^nis  impenfis,dum  per  canales,  feu  foveas  dedu*- 
cirur,  fub  aeffu,  in  cavitates  terrejfrer^  gallice,  maraii  falins  vo- 
caras,  in  vicinia  maris  taftas,  in  qvibuscollefta&evaporata 
aqva  ,  fal,  ad  latera  &  ia  fundo,  criftallifdtum  relinqvit 
(b)  Per  mach^Tii^s  gradatoriai ^  in  qvibus  aqvae  oiarinaeeva- 
porat'to  Mtenditur  &  augetur,  dunimotii  aut  lapfu  in  parti* 
culas  minlmas  qvafi  in  pluvi^m  dividitur,  qvo  fub  motUt 
r.ediaote  acre,  difiTiparur  aqvnfum,  reli(fto  fale  in  aqva  fu- 
perftifeadeo  concentrator  ut  in  100  lihris  aqvae  adefle  pnAlnt 
S4  3d30  librae  fall?.  Hac  via*  minori  fumru,  poftmodum  fal, 
igne  culfnari  excoqvi  poteft.  (c)  Per /r;)f«/,  qva  viavero 
cxpertum  eft  aqvatn  marinam  aon  ulterinsconcentraripofle 
qvamutin  lO'^  libris  aqvae  fint  16  a  17  litres  salh  ^  nuu- 
qvam  vero  ad  earn  fortitudinem  qva  gradacione  perducitur, 
(d)  Calore  fod  ^  qvod  eft  nimi^  furotuofum. 

5,  MURIA  fontana,     Sai  fontanum.     Spec.  a4<J# 

Muria  nuda  fontam.     v   Linnc  98.   2.  'z^ 

Sal  fmtanum,     CRoNstedt   131.  '  *^  j ^' 
Sveth.  Kall-Salt.     Lunkbukger  Salt 

Gall.    Le    SEL   DE  FONTAINE 

Germ    Brunnen  -  Salz 

Ab  aqva  fontana  plunmis  in  locis  excoqvltur,  falc 
marino  debilius,  aqva  facilius  folubile,  in  igne  minus  de- 
crepitan>.  a  cu';::;  r:;^r"n:-  pr:-ciri^itur  cTin  ,^^:  al^-'y-o 
jbco,  terra  alba;  interdum  reperitur  mixtum  c«m  gypfojis 
particulis. 

(t)  Suh  FONTANUM ,  majofibus  cutis. 
JJimburg.     Hartzburg. 

(b)  Sal  fohtanum,  minoribiis  cvhis^ 

Debilius  eft ,   fed  majori  obtinetur  copia.     Halh  in 
Saxmia.  OJlrobotbnia.  Bobufia^Arboga  In  JFeflman- 

fiia. 

D  5  ^*'» 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


58  tyi(^y^ 

Obf.  Sal^  qvod  abaqvb  fontanis  OJIifoh)tliHenfituf  &  B^Aufi^ 
injibus  obtiiietur  ,  6ft  duplici  figura  »  nempe  vel  pyramiiali 
qvadrilatcYd  Vel  paralUlipippcda  f  qvemadmodum  etiam  ab 
a^A  marina^  his  figuris  aiiqvaado  criftallifatur. 

Obf.  Eadem  eft  ratio  aqvae  fontanae  ac  narins,  in  eo,  qvod 
non  ubivis  aeqvalem  Talis  copiam  concineat.  Alibi  opus  eft 
grgiatiotte  f  ut,  in  Germania  ad'Halle  &  Luneburj^  &c.  aliln 
nulla  opiis  conceotracione  ,  ut  io  noninillis  locis  ^n^lia^ 
iibl  reperiuntur  fontes  qvi  -^  imo,  fos  Partes  ialit  coq- 
tioent- 

Obfervaf tones  circa  fal  commune. 

Ohf.  r.  Tnfuper  obfervatum  eft  fal  commune^ 
irno*  MuRtA  in  aqva  airea. 
rrseCenttani  murJae  m  his  aqvis  obfervarunt  Borrichius 

Cfr.  JUNCKBK  Confp*  Cb.    1.   /.  p.   84s.  MopBL    l^fL    BoR* 

RACE  pi  29.  Marggraf  mtm.  Berlin,  1758* 

fid(K  MuRiA  in  lapide  cakareo. 
Prsfeatiam  hujus  f^lis  iniapidibus  nopnuUis,  indicat  noa 
folum  eoruadem  elixiviatio^  fed  &  humidi  aerei  attraftlo 
cfr.  Obf€rv.  circa  Calcarcoi  lap.  okf*  r.  &  obf.  circa  Nitrum  i* 
Nro.  5.  . 

^tio.  MuRiA  in  lapide  arenario. 
Keperitur  In  iis  arenariis  lapidibus,  qvi  facile  4eftruuator 
a^re  apertb.  cfr*  Ohf.  circa  aten.  tapidis  s* 

4to.  MuRfA  In  /axo  in  aerc  delitjvefcente. 
In  eodem  faxo,  (eu  granite  ^   qvo  oltrum  reperltUN  cfr-  Obf 
circa  nitrum  t.  4- 

Contendit  Urb.  Hibrnb  in  parafceve ,  &  alit »  fal  marioum 
reperiri  in  argento^  arfenico^  cobalt 0  ^  forfan  &c  mercwrio^bd 
hoc  in  foedium  relioqvimus^ 

Obf.  «•  In  vegetabilibus  plurimis  reperiri  Xi/  commtme  demon- 
.  ftrarunt  Dodaro  10  mem.  pour  fervir  a  rbifi.  des  pknu  U^» 
t'  KiiHNST  in  aH,  N.  C.  vol.  f^  Model,  de  Borrace  p. 
08*  LiCHT  de  fale  communi ;  inptimls  obfervatum  eft  to 
kali  geniculatOj  ebamomilla ,  carduo  benediHa^  galeopfide  ^  ve- 
fonica  &c.  An  vero  (il  hoc  commune  in  plantis  fit  ge- 
Deratum ,  vel  cum  aqvd  e  terca  abfocptum  %  certitudioe 
qvadam  determioare  oon  poflUmua. 


to 

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MCo)K|  59 

In  amwitlihuf  adefl  fd  muriatictm ,  non  f n  lis  folum  qvi  fale 
communi  vefcuntar,  fed  &  in  lis  qvi  eodem  fale  noa 
otuorur,  ia  eorundem  urina,  fingvine,  (Udore  &c.  cfr. 
Pott  //« /i/r  romoi*, p.  ft,  HiBRNB  paraieeve,  p' 83.  I?e 
generatioae  hujus  falis  in  aoimalibus ,  probabile  nobis  vi- 
detur  id  geneirari  acido  zegetaHH^  per  meatus  circulatorios 
mutaco. 

Ott .  3.  Sal  mursaticum  compofituoi  eft, 

(a(  Aeidd  peculiari  &  appropriato,  qvod  acidum  feu  fpiritut 
salis  vocatur,  cuius  inc^plem  &originem  defcripfimusvipec- 
•  38.  &  i^  0^'«  ^i^c^  'dia  acidii  min.  s*  A^«  B.  V  Oh.  4. 
Hoius  spiritut  sttftaiumabUe  .indicant  ejusdem  odor^  sapor ^  i;o- 
Utilitat  &  corro/ivUas, 

(b)  SjI  alkalino^  qvod  diftlrvantn  eft  a  sale  alkali  no  nitri^ 
&  uberiiis  in"  J.  /^ft;*  deferibendum, 

fc)  His  bin'rs  principiis  eflentialibus,  affociatur  \nsale  msrtno 
&  fontano.  terra  qvsedaiti,  qv^  ab  impure  fale  praeci pita- 
tar,  peculiar!  irtdole ,  utpote  qv»  bene  elixi viata,  cum  act- 
dis  mineralibur  ^  ante  ignitionfem  cffervefcit ,  non  vero  poft 
i^nitionem  vel  calcinatibnem  ,  cum  aqva  forti  getatinam 
format,  in  igne  facile  fluVt  in  vitrum  Chrysolithi  colore,  cfr* 
Brandt  in  AH.  Stockh,  1749;  p«  154.  I753»  P«  ftQ.  I??^. 
p.  309.  HsNCKBii  \n  flor>  SiUurniz.  p.  2-71*  Congruit  ita- 
qve  plurimum  cum  terra  alummi^  ut  &  cum  ilia  qv«  a 
nitro  impufO  feparatur ,  ea  vc^a  cum  difiereatia ,  qvod  ab 
hac  terra, ab  acido  vitrlolico  foluta,  producitur,juxta  cxpe- 
rimeata  Pot.ti  veruro  sal  mirabik^  qvod  eum  pufvere 
carbomtmi  ip  Vf^ni  sal  alkalinum^  q  vale  in  ^ale  communi  re- 
peritur,  commutatur  in  igne*  Magis  evidens  teftimonlum 
mutabiUtatM  l'^^  ra/care^,  in  combinationecum  addo^,  in 
/ai  ajj^f tfUNi  vix  defiderari  poceft;  unde  &,  fi  bis  circum- 
flantiisaddatur,  qvod  p^ius  attuUmus  ip  0^^/-.  oVr^  nigrum 
5. 1**  A  nullum  remanet  dublum  ,  qvin  atkall  falls  com- 
munis a  terra  calcarea  in  aqva  marina  prxfente,  actio  falis 
foIuta,&  routaUy  fuam  habeat  originem. 

Obs.  4.  De  oriiine  salis   muriatici  ia  mari^  diverfae  funt  opi- 
niones. 

imo*  Plurim  exlftimant  id  ipfum  derivari  debere  a  sale  gem* 
ma  in  plurimis  montibus ,  non  folum  in  litore  marino  ejus*- 
qvcftindo  praefentibus ,  fed  &  in  ipfogremio  teme,  qvod 
aqva  fohitum  per  flumina  in  mare  transportatur, 

(bj  Lbibnitivs  in  Protogaa  contendit  globum terraqveunt 
ipitiQ  toturo  fuiflfe  fufuro,  pofteaqve,ab  humore,  poftrefri- 

gera- 


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gerationem »  globum  bune  irrdrante^  lal  in  cioeribus  pra^^ 
fens  fuilfe  folutum,  idqve  lixivium  originem  prabuiHe  fal* 
stdim  maris ,  iogeoiore  cpojiciu 

re)  Eandem  cum  Urb.  Hi3rnb  In  P^ssc  p.  96.  nbs  fove- 
mus  fententiam^  fal  nempe  marinm  in  mart  C^  qvidem  conti-^ 
nue  giverari ;  fiqvidem  (a)  eadem  61is  ijvantitas  "in  aqva 
warioa  Iiodierno  reperitur  die  |C  olim.  {hj  Aqva  pura>  plu$ 
falls  omniao  pilvere & retiioere poceftqvam  in  aqva  mari- 
na reperitur;  nil  ergoimpedit,  qvin  reipfamagis  foWeret. 
fi  tanta  (alls  gemmae  adeifetcopia,  confeqventer  aqva  ma- 
rina qvo  diutiuseo  magis  iklfa  redderetur*  (c)  Sal  wmi-* 
num  a  sale  gemma  nonnullis  in  proprietatibus  indicatis  eft 
dKlinftum^  qvae  differentia  a  fimptiei  foiutione  depeodere 
noQ  poteft 

Fit^autem  live  TaUt  muriatici  continua  generation  ant  aeida 
atreo^  cum  an  vis  communioato ,  aut  peccdiari  acido  in  & 
ex  aqVis  marinis  produfto,  axm  terra  qvadam  fimiliter  ab 
aqvaritiotq  vel  atcritu  genetata ,  vel  a  depuflit  concbu  & 
cakarea  materia  fundam  maris,  pluriibis  in  locis  cooperien-* 
te,  combinato,  aqvibus,  accedente  inflammabUi  produ* 
.  cantur  $:  alkali  &  acidum  murlaticum.  Huic  theorix/tf/aw 
moniachm  pxum ,  in  aqva  praefcns  marina,  fa  vet,  q  vod  ibidem 
generatumnemon^arepoteft,  qvod  &  prima  incunabula 
faU  mmno  forfan  praebet,-  ejr.  Ob/l  s.lit,  ^*  .  .  - 

Obf.s.  Vfui  liujus  flills  magnus  omnino  in  cbemltis.  [ioiim^ 
flicif^ed  maximuf  &;inevitabilisinvitacommuni,ob  grat^m 
filfedlnem ,  qvam  allmentis  conciliat ;  &  ob  yfrtutam, 
qva  gaudet,  putrefaSlionefA  pifcium  &  carnium  avertendi. 
Probe  vero  notandum  V  qvod  juxta  experimenta  reeeatio- 
,  rum,  ioprimisa  Painqlb  ^  Oardanb  idfti^ica,  majori 
copia  putrelaftionem  avertit .  minoii  veto  proaov^ 
'    qvo  tcfpedu  fufrefiere  didtor. 


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|w  )  o  C  «f  lEfl 

S»  95- 

6.  ALKALI  MINERALE.  natron. 

Gen.  37^ 
Nttrunu  pLiNir 
Baurach.  Veterum 
Natrum.  v/ Li^nc   84*  14.  ♦ 

jilcali  mimrak  jixum.  Cronstedt   136, 

Sveth,     Alkaliskt  Salt,   MiKeraliskt  alkalt. 
Gall.  Sel  alkali.     Alkali  mineral 
Germ.      NatOrliches     Laugen  -  Salz,       Alkali- 
scHEs  Salz 

imo.  Sapore  eft  lixiviofo  ,     amaro^    in  aire  humido  non 

dcliquefcitns ,    aire  auteai  ftcco  fatifcit   &  farinaceuin 

rcdditur. 
ado.  Cum    omni   acido   effervefcit  ,     &    cum    eodem    in 

fal  medium  unitur;  omnein  asruleum  &  violaceum  co- 

lorem  vegetabilem  in  viridem  mutat. 
gtio.  j4qva  duplo,  dum  purum  eft,  folubilc- 
4to.   Crijt',llifatur    figura  prisniatica  polygona  ,     interdam 

&  parallelipippcda. 
5to.  In   i^ne   fluit    &l    perfiftens    ac    fixum    nianet  ;     fluit 

qvoqve    eum  arena    vel   pulvere    filicum    aut    quarzi 

in  pellucidura  vitrum,    .,4  „u>^.      s. 
6to.  Cum  fuipbure   colliqvatiira  facit  hepar  fulphurisi  cum 

eleis  exprejfis  coaum  facit  fapones^ 

§.     95.     / 

I.  ALKALI  MINERALE  ,      impurum    terrefire.        Na- 
tron. Spec.  547. 
Natrnm  nudum  terreflre.     v:  Linn^   84*    i- 

Mali  falis  communis  proprie   minerale  diaum.     CRojt^- 

STEDT       136^ 

5^/  perjtcunu     Model.     Voge^ 

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A>  l><  )  o  C  «J 

SvCth.   JORDBLANDAT    MlHERALISKT    ALKALI 

GalL  Le  Natron  ou  sel  alkali  terreux  ,  ou 
souDE  blanche  d'Egypte,  v.  De  Bomare 
318.   19$. 

Germ.  MiT  Erde  vermischtEs  Laugen-Salz. 

Pleruraqve  eft  terra  vcl  falc  communi  vel  utrisqve 
mixtum ,  ea^amen  puritate,  uc  cum  acidis  femper  ef- 
fcrvefcat ,  atqve  ad  Japoniflcationes ,  utrificalioms  alioiqvc 
ufus  ut  verura  fal  alkali  adhiberi  poflit. 

(a)  Natron  in  majfa  aut  gleha  concretum. 

Hoc,  ni  fallor,  vix  reperitur,  ni&  in  fiagnis  vcl  /b- 
veis^  qvae  ealore  folis  exCccantur,  earundem  fuudp 
aut    lateribus  accretum.     Gvinea. 

Oif.  In  JEgypto  bini  funt  lacu^,  qvi  aeftivo  tempore  exficcan- 
cur,  JisgfM,  nitrofj  appeliata,  ia  qvorum  fundo  &  lateribus 
hoc  fal  accretum  reperitur  r^votannii  &extrahlrnr,  ut  com- 
memorate v.  Dh  Bomarb  1.  c.  Refert  qvoqVe  Kolbbrq 
in Befcbr.  desf^orgeb.  der  ^uten  Hojfnung^  qvod  in  illis  locis,  ab 
aqva  lo  certis  puteisac  tbveis  ftaj^naate,  poft  aiiqvas  routati- 
ones  geaeretur  tandein  p/  /ilkalinum.  Gmblin  la  Flot.  Sibcr. 
ffitf.  p.  48.  &  iiiitt}t  in  Merk'n}.  R^ijen^  T.  IV.  comme-. 
,roorat  in  Siberia  effelacus.  in  qvibus'aeftate  exficcatis,  ve- 
xwm  fal  iixtviofum  reperitur  fuado  accretum  &  crillallira-" 
tum^t  SmI  per/icum  afqvalem  agnofcere  locum  natalem  in- 
dicat  MoDiiL  de  fak  amm.  If  da  Borrace ;  fal  vcro  d/- 
lali  Ochozkcnfcy  dlcic,  idem  Auftor,  in  Cbym.  Nehtnflun* 
dan^  /)•  151.  Vc.  in  rimis  montium,  magna 'copia  reperiri. 
Flura  qvi  defiderat  leftimonla,  reperire  poteft  Car*  Clusic 
de  Ex4)t.  L.  ir,  Bbllonii  Obf.  c.  a.  Tournbfokt  l^oyMg^ 
de  Levante  li.  Pomet,  M^t.  Lexic.  P.  11  i.  c^  35.  Urb, 
Hi^KNES  Patafcive.  p.  71.  ejufdem  Tentctnf  them.  IT, 
Fr,  Hoffmann  I  opuf.  Pi-  Med.  p.  15ft.  &c.  &  p.  ty?. 
C.  Neumanni  Pral*  Ch.  p,  i6iy.  Gbopfkoi  Mat*  Afti. 
1.  112.  Pott  de  JUorrace  p.  59.  Joh.  Otto  Hsbbiguy 
in  M.  JV.  C.  am.  9.  if  10..  Oij\  i*^6. 

(b^  Natron  in  fuperjicie  tena  effiorefcens. 

BaumerMh   A/m.  T.   j.'p.  up.  dicit,   qvod  in  ilfe- 

'   dia   cffloreftit    ficco   tempore   vocari  Halmyrha^a, 

in    Tbram  efflorcfccns ,   jpropc  urbcm  Pbilippi  appcl- 

lari 


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lari  Agrium;  in  Macedonia  qvod  invenltur  nuncupari 
Chalastricum  ab  urbc  Chalaflria^  cfr,  Hamb.  Ma- 
gaz^  VqL  ^S*  P-  -^' P^S*  ^^i-  Dicit  qvoqve  Heng- 
KEU  in  Chem.  Rediv,  p.  17.  in  loco  qvodam  in  Ahrk 
Brandenburg  repcrlri  alkali  minerale  crcfcens,  qvod  ab 
aqvis  ibi  dcpofituai  fufpicatur^ 

OpJ*  Hanc ,  qvani  defcriplimuf  aikalini  mineralif  falii  fpecl- 
]  em,  tuiiie  ViiTBRurii  nMrmi  &  nitYim  Plinii,  exiftima- 
*'  verim  ab  allatis  circumftantiis  elfe  perfpicuuni.  Si  etenim 
conterantuc  qvae  DtoscoRiDES  L,  1^,  cap.  .f^,  Plinius 
L.  ^/.  r.  JO,  Tacitus  L,  y*  f.  7«  ae  nitro  &  natra 
attuleruot,  cum  iis  qvae  de  hoc  alkali  na'nerali  attulimus, 
clarum  evadic ,  eosdem  hoc  fal  intellexiffe,  plus  minus  cum 
jale  communi  mixtum,  Refecuut  namqve  id  ipfum  ad  fapq* 
nificMiones  &  vitrificationcs  fuilfe  adhibitum ;  com  me  mora  nt 
id  ipfum  in  a*ivii  &  flagnit  reperici,  &c.  qva?  omnia  cum 
hoc  Idle  cungcuun*".  <Sal  commune  hulc  veterum  natro  fu- 
flTe  plus  minus  admixtum,  patet  a  defcnptione  PtiNii,  qva 
elucec,  id  ipfum- loco /////  communif  fwiife  interdum  ufur- 
picum.  Hodieruo  qvoqve  .die,  qvod  obtinetuc  ab  his  meri- 
dionalibus  locis  tutron^  ciim  fale  communis  unqvam  fua 
matrice,   plus  minus  eft  commixturo. 

1.  ALKALI     MiNEPvALE   in  acidulis  &?    thermis   bo/pi- 
tans*     Alkali  acidulare.  Spec-  248* 

Sveth.  ALKALiSKT  Brums -Salt  .^,    ^jih  .  -    . 

Gall.  Sel  alkali  de  fontaiNe  .1-     r     '•■. 

Germ,  Alkalisches  Brunnen-Salz 

Plurimis  in  acidulis  &c  thermis  reperitur,  plus  mi- 
nus purum  ,  cum  acidis  etFervefcens  ,  fyrupum  violarum 
viridi  colore  tingcns ,  cum  acido  viiriolico  in  fal  medium^ 
11  igftc  facile  fufibilc  ,  abiens. 

(a)  Alkali   Acidulare  purum. 

Hoc  plurimis    in  acidulis  occurit,    utpqte  feltzerianiSy 

fcbwalbacmfibus  ,     ibplizenfibus ,     pluriinisqve     fveci^ 

cis  &   anglicis  Sic.  a   qvibus  per  evaporatimem  obti- 

netur  purum ,    cum    acido   vitriolico    coaftituens    fal 

0) 


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C4  p^  )  o  (  ^ 

(b^  Alkali  AciDULARE  wixfaw.    F^os  salis. 
.    Hoc  fal  fapore  gaudet  falis  muriatici,  fed  acre  humido 
deliqvcfcic  ^    cum   acidis  effervef  it ,    parti  ipans  de 
alkali  mmrali&Lfale  muriatico.     Ucponitur  ad  parie- 
tes  in  Tbermis  ad  Mcben. 

3.  ALKALI    MINERALE    calcarea  terra  mixtum,    cor. 
jjoribus  fuperfifialUer  adbarem.    Aphkokitrum.    Sp^ 

249* 
J^atrwn  nudum  calcareum^  v^  Lmn^  88*  2. 

^   jllkaHfaHs  communis  terra  calcarea  parva  portion^  combi-' 
natum.     Cronstedt  137. 

Svcth.      MuRSALT.      Kalkblandat     mineraliskt 
alralu 

Call.  Sel  mural^      Aphronatron.     v.   de  Boma- 

RE    321.    200. 

Germ.  Mauersalz.     Mit  kalchbrde  vEaMiscHxEs 

MINEHALISCHES   LAUGENSALZ. 

Eft  fal  fapore  lixiviofo ,  indeterminata  figura  vcl  ftria- 
tum  muris  am  lapidibus  ab  humido  aSreo  conteftis  adfixum  f 
calearca  terra  non  foluta  participans,  non  exficcatum  in 
ignc  fpumefcens  ,  non  vero  poft  exficcatlonera ,  criftallifa* 
bile  figura  rbomboidali  aut  prijmatica  vel  pardlelipipeda 
qvadritetera. 

(^)  Aphronitrum  ,  magis  compaElum. 
Invenitur  in  crufta  vel  maffa  muris  aut  lapidibus  adfi- 
xum,    fragile,   fapore  ingrato  lixiviofo.      Rcptritur 
vel  murarium  vcl  gypfeum. 

(b)  AvHRomrRvM  ftriatum  .  fcstens.  Halimtrum* 
fruina  inftar  muris  antiqvioribus  &  tegulis  adfixum, 
vel  aliis  in  locis  exhalatum  ,  plerumqve ,  fi  non  fcm- 
pcr,  cum  fale  alkalino  volatili  mixtum,  qvod  tamcn 
cum    tempore  avolat ,  exficcato  fale. 

Obf. 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Ohf.  I.  Jiixta  experimeuta  qV3&  his  Cum  varietatibus  inflltQi, 
depretiendi  haec  lalia,  fu)  cum  na'dir  fortiter  eliervefcece, 
fed  fme  praecipltationev  (b)  Jyrupi  violarum  colorem  in  vU 
lidem  mutare  (c)  mer curium  in  /pirtin  nitri  roIiicu(n  praeci* 
pitare  Colore ^a-uo,  aliqUjndo&  mtiil  ab  codem  praecipitare, 
<d)  cum  folutiont:  falu  ammoniaci  fixi  integre  coagulari  & 
in  geUtiaaro  pelluciiam  abire  ;  (ej  Bh  oko  tartavi  ^.  d  ho- 
rum  falium  folutioncs  opacas  tied  ;  (tj  igni  impofitos  falej 
recerKes  Ucile  liqvefcere  cum  fpuma ,  &  carboni  i^nito  iu- 
jeftos  ,  aeqvaliter  fe  habere,  ctu^din catcare/im  carboni adft- 
xam  relioqueates;  rarde  vero  led  bene  exficcatos,  inline 
nee  rpumefcere  nee  tumare  oec  fdcile  liquefcere.  DeJUlh- 
xnm  hdlinitrum  dat  phlej^ma^  in^rato  odore  praedlturo,  cuiu 
Jyrupo  vioittrum  parum  viridefceus ,  cum  acidis  vero  no i 
eft'er\refceus«  cum  oi€o  t&nm  p.  d.  album  relinquens  prae- 
cipiumra,  Refiduum  polt  deftillationem,  qoIoxq  fufco,  liai 
odore,  igni  in  crucihulo  impolitum,  liqvefcit  cum  TjJttW.-- 
ftentia^  ac  lateribus  fie  adherens,  fapore  cauftica^       ^ 

6i/.  3.  DifferenftM,  qvam  ante  haec  adtulimus,  ab  experiment'n 
<bemicif,  iu  regno  mineraii  J'vec.  inter  haiinitrum  &  ^pircr. 
mtrum  ,  ex  eo  ad  maximam  (>  rt^m  dependet,  qvod  ptiar 
limul  fU  alkali  urinofmn  &  volatile  coiuinet.  po/iaiui  vera 
oitiil   de  hoc  f  ;le  participat. 

OhI.  5-  Ut  evitetur  <imnis  contufio,  heic  indicate  debemu^ 
i  -     "brmttri  oomiae  veniunt,  effe  oranino  tripiicis 

(mJ  Aphranitrum  veitrttm^  qvod  eft  alkali  nfioerale  defcriptuia 
cum  cerm  calcarea  mixtum. 

(b>  Apkr^mtfum  acidv  nitrofo  participatis ,  qvod  vocayioius 
nurum  taUarfom,  &  defcrlpfiinus.  Spec  s^a. 

(C)  Aphfonitrum  scidfi  'oUrioKco  participaris,   proxhne  ad  tti- 
tanm  falir  mr^ilis  accedens  ,  qvale  eft  apbromtrum  jea«i- 
fi^  qvod  defcriplit   Fr.  Hoffmat^n   in  Obf  H.  Cb.  L. 
ill,  Okf.  IX.  &L  la  feqveatibus  indicare  volumus« 

Obfervatimes  de  alkali  mineraii  jfixv. 

Ohr,  I.  Rarhis  hoc  alkali  mimrale  fcparatum  occaitit,  fre. 
qventius  vero  deid$  falif,  intetdum  &  %itfioli  ool&biaicuiP 
reperitur, 

Tom.  II,  E    .  i?o> 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


66  l«  C  O  )  K| . 

%:0f  AxKAX.1  JuIviSLALB  inbumQtt  tertAftftiU* 

Hujuf  falls  prsrenciain  io  bis  terris  demonftravit  KUlbil 
,  dfif  caufa  fertiU  tcrr.  $.  83, 

»}0f,  AtXALi  «jiiiKBRALB  iQ  file  cimmm. 

tloc  alkali  minerde^  idem  elTc  qvod  cnnflituit  ^^«  alkalituun 
Jalis  communis  (Ohf.  circa  fal  comm.  3.  ///.  h)  demouftrant 
cbemici  ab  sqvali  utriufque  indole  19  ii^r^ ,  iix  aqva^  cum 
acidify  in  igne  &c. 

3:0,  Alkali  mctvB^AtB  in/(i2(  mitabili  naturals* 
Hoc  ial  mox  defcribeodum. 

4;o)  Alkali    Minbralb  in  Jale  perjico  borecbm 
fidam  hoc  in  (bqiientibus  defcribendum. 

Ohf  t.  Praeterea  ^  prctparari  qvoqve  poteft  hoc/5/  tfft/i//\  per 
incincrationem^  ab  ^^r^//  martnis^  in  prim  is  i  A!j//  geniculato^ 
iinde  forfan  nomen  habet,  qvod  fal,  p^ft  incine 
raeioni^  impufom,  eft  fufficienter  Scro^  nomine  notum, 
facile  vero  per  folutionem  &  criftallKationem  ab  impuri 
tatibus  liberari  poteft. 

Vbf.  s.  Differentia  intet  hoc  alkali  rfiinerale  ^  &  illiid,  qvod 
ab  alils  vegecabilibus  per  incineracionem  praeparatur  ,  /i/- 
kali  vegetabile  diftum,  in  co  confiftir;  (a^  quod  aere  non 

-  ut  vegetabilia  deliquefcat,  fed  calori  foils  expofita  hae:^ 
nideralia  alkalina  aqvam  &  pelluciditatem  perdant  &  in- 

,  Aar(arlnae  fian(  (bx  gaudeut  icaqve  minor!  ad  a^vamattn" 
^ione,  unde  &  plus  aqvm  ad  fuam  folutionem  reqvirunt 
qvara  alkalis  veeetabilia  ;  (c)  qvod  b»c  miner  alia  alkalina 
actd(h  MitricMcd  (aturata*  producanC  ial  mirabik  Glauberi^ 
aqva  &  igne  facile  folubile,  vegetabilibus  veto  atkalims  fa. 
iibusfxis^  producatur  cum  eodem  acido^^t4r«xtri^rxo//tr«/y 
aqva  &  igne  difficulter  folubilis;  (d)  cum  fpiritu  mVr/con- 
fiiCUiiiQt  alkalia  mineralia  ^  nitrum  cubicum;  alkalia  vegetabilia 
vero  nitrum  regeneratum ;  fe)  aqva  foluca  haec  falia  fixa 
mineralia  facile  criflallifm  pofTunti  qvod  cum  Cilibus  /• 
xis  vegetabiltbtts  pur  is  fteri  noa  poteft. 

Ob/'  4*  Circa  originerH  hujus  f^Us  atkalim  mineralisy  Xnfaleeom- 
muni  praefentis,  antea  noftram  dixicnus  opinionem ,  cfr, 
Obferv*  circa  fal  commmte  lit.  e^  fed  hinc  qvaedio  rngveri 
poteft  \  an  boc  alkali  fixum  adbuc  dum  in  natura  a  priacipiif 
fuis  generator  ."vel  generari  p(^fit  9  nudum 'i  Annon  potius  /xrr 
dfftruSiiimem     ^ndam  faiii     communis     naturalem    product 

fcjjit^ 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


daci  pojftt  ?  Priorem  leDtentiam  licet  impugnare  non  pof- 
fumus?,  ma^is  tamen  pronr  ad  pofteriorem  ampleaendam,  ft 
confideremus  4  fate  communi  vel  fate  Glauteri^  per  incinera- 
tionem  herbarum  marinarum,  reipfahoc  falin  cineribus  feu 
fodi  reperiri  produdlum  ve!  edudum,  infupcr  &  hoc  fal 
plerumqye  cum  faU  marim,  uti  indicavimus  mixtum  re- 
periri; licet  nobis  adhuc  ignotum,  qva  via  naturahaac  fe- 
parationem  partium  in  iale  commnni  perficiat. 


'•  ¥ 


*•/'■ 


^5M 


E  % 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


69.  |xC«>)«t 

7   ALKALI  VOLATILE.         Gen.  38. 

Sveth.  Flitgtigt  alkaliskt  Salt*     R($tsalt 

Gall   Alkali   volatil 

Germ.  Pluchtices  AlrALU     Harksalz 

I :  c  Hepericur  hoc  fal  nullibi  per  fe  fubfiftens  ^  fed 
unice  corporibus  immixtum,  ab  iisdem  namque  fe* 
paracum,  pededentiin  in  a^rem  diflipatun 

It :  o ,  Odore  gaudet  ford  &  penetrant! ,  fimul  &  oculos 
pungente. 

3:0,  Cum  acidis  cffervefcit ,  &  cum  iisdem  in  fal  mCf 
dium  volatile  abit  ;  colorem  vegetabilium  caruleum 
&  violaceum  in  viridem  mutatj  mercurium  fublima^ 
turn  prxcipitat  colore  albp,  &  cufrtim  folvit  colo^ 
re  pulchre  csrt^uleo. 

'4^0,   In  igne   prorate  avolat;    claufo  fublimatur;    cum 
nitro  mixtum  ^  in  igne  detonat. 

§*    98. 

Ut  hoc  fal  nullibi  per  fe  exiftens  reperitur,,  nul* 
lam  ideoqud  ejus  fpeciera  fingularem  defcribere  poflu- 
mus ;    indicare  folum  voluraus  id  reperiri* 

1:0,  Alkali  volatilb  nudum  terrisff  lapidibusin* 
barens^ 

Hoc  deraonftrarunt  Urb.  Hierke  in  Tent.  Cbetn. 
IV.  73  &c.  Henkel  in  Ja.  N.  C.  Vol.  K  p^ 
3 If.  &c.  Brandt  in  jict.  Stockb.  1747.  p.  30i^ 
&c.  in  bumo^  creta^  diverfis  argillarum  fpeciebus, 
nee  non  in  diverfis  lapidibus;  ut  in  nigro  marmo^ 
re,  lapide  fuilto,  fchijio  nonnullo.  In  incru/lato  gcet^ 
tingenfi  demonftravit  Vogel  in  Tr.  de  Incrufl.  Goif- 
ting. 

a:o,  Alkali  volatile  cum  acido  falk  mixtum. 
In  (sdo  ammoniaco  naturali^  inferius  defcribendo. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


tw  r  6  >  «i  69 

3tio.  Alkali  volatile  aliis  falibus  mixtim  aqvis  inba- 

rcns. 
Rcperitar    in  nonnullis  acidulis ^    ut    in    lauchftadienWus. 

giesbubclienfibus  ^  &c.      Detexit  &  Malquin  in  acidulis 

gallicis.  cfr^  ^cl.  Pflrf/:i746. 

Obfervatio  circa  alkali  volatile^ 

Mali  volatile  minerdle  eat  fiqvidem  poflidetproprIetate5 ,  qvae 
alkali  fixo  coiBpetunt ,  praeterea  vero  in  igae  cum  nitro  de- 
tonat,  videtqr  hinc  concludi  poffe,  hoc  uil  compofitum  e£e 
alkali  qvodam  mimrali ,  iotime  cum  inflammabili  materia  com- 
bioato  ,  qvam  noftram  hypothefin  confirmarc  videotut 
noa  folum  hujus  Talis  prafentia  in  terris  &  lapidibus,  qvi  ah 
kalina  font  natura^  &fin)nl  qvidpiam  *;>»wi»o/?coutiaent; 
fed  &  experimencum ,  qvod  adfert  Malouin  1.  c.  dicens 
ab  alkali  minerali  cam  eleo  tetne  mixto  fe  pei^  deftillatio- 
om  obdouiila  ^ritum  votatiUm ,  aec  non  vQldtiltJalto  tat- 
tari ,  qv9  cliemicis  oota, 

Hinc  concludimus  9  hoc  (al,  a  natura  ,  J)  iisdem  principiii^ 
flempe  alkali  fixo^  &*  pingvi  materia  gencrari  Cr  product 
pofle.  Scd,  ut  ficnul  ab  cxperientia  iompertum,  qvidpiam 
fiGs -volatilif  geneutri  per  de/lruSlionemfalir  cmmunii,  dum  id 
hwusmodi  caia  materialibus  combinacur,  qvs  vel  materiam 
ii^ammabilem  continent  &  ad  patrefaftioneni  prona  ftint,  v^l 
alia  ratione  &l  commune  immutare  poiFuntt  ficpatet,  du- 
flirem  dari  nobis  notam  viam ,  qva  natura  hoc  alcall  vola- 
tile producere  poteft  Podibile  &  eft,  plures  adhuc  nobis 
ignotas  dari  vias;  qvibus  k  natura  produci  poceft. 
Urb.  Hi ^rnb  m  Teni.  &  Luoolfp  conf^derant  alkali  vo- 
latile ut  (al  primogenium,  Stakl,  Nbuhian,  Pott  alii- 
qve  cxiftimant  hoc  fal  unice  aut  pefignem.  aut  putrefaclio- 
nem  product,  k  particularum  determiaata  traaspoticione  & 
combinatione ,  q vam  originem  impugnare  non  poffumu<*  c- 
tiam  in  natura  (bum  locum  habere,  dubitamus  veri,  an  ubi- 
vis,  Hbnckrl  1.  c.  deducit  k  putrefado  fale  communis 
Qvidqvid  fit,  exiftimamus  nullo  reali  fundamento,  vel  Tuffi* 
cientecauila  Impugnarl  exiftentiam  lalls  alkalini  volatilisna- 
turaleia  in  corporibus. 


E  1  S-99. 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


70  |x  C  o  ;  >^ 

§•   99- 

8.     SALTA  NEUTRA.    Gen.  39. 

NatTum.    V.  Likk£  &  aliorum 
V         Sveth.  Medelsait 

GalL    SeL    KEUTRE 

Gerrn^  Mittelsalz 

1:0,  Sapore  hac  falia  neutra  naturalia  funt  divcrfo ,  pic- 
rumque  vcro  auc  ainaro  iiigrato ,  aut  fali'no. 

^:o.  In  aire  plerumqve  facile  itiutantur,'  fiunt  etenim 
aut  opaca,  vel  farinacea,  aut  deliqvefcunt. 

3:0,  Jlqvafoluta^  plerumqne,  ab  alkali  fixo  vt^jHtdhWl 
addito,  terrain  ad  fundum  deniittunt.  iramixtain; 
cryftallifationi  expofita,  diverfimode  cryftallifantur^ 
pro  diverfa  quancitate  terras  &  pro  diverAtate  a- 
cidi;  nonnuUa  in  cryftallifationcm  redigi  non  pof- 
funt,  figura  funt  ut  pluriraum  prifmatica  f.  3  a. 

4 ;o )  I^  iS^^  £AciIe  fluunt, 

§•  100. 
I.   SAL  NEUTRUM  compofitum  alkali  minerali  (^  acido 
vitriolico.     Sal  mirabile.  Spcrc.  lyo. 

\Acidum  vitrioUcum  alkali  minerali  fiUuratum.     Cron- 

STEDT  I25» 

Sveth.  Glaubers  Salt 

Gall    Sel  admirable.     Sel  de  Glauber 

Germ,  Glaubers  Wundersalz 

£11  hoc  fal  fapore  falino  ainaro,  in  aqvae  dupio 
facile  folubile;  cryilallifatur  figura  oblonga  prifmatica; 
in  aCrc  fit  farinaceura  &  fatifcit;  folutura  dimittit  qvid- 
piam  terras  prscipitats  ab  alkali  fixo  vegetabili- ^dfufo  i 
in  igne  facile  fluit  &  cum  pulvere  carbonum  mixtum, 
bepaticum  in  igne  fpargit  odorem;  compofitum  ab  alka-- 
li  minerali  puro,  &  acido  vitriolico.  Reperitur  naturale 
in  a^  marina  &  in  nonnuUis  berbis  marinis. 

a.  SAL 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


24  SAL  NEUTRUM  compojitum  terra  fdlubili  alMina  (f 
' acido vitriolico.  Sal    neutrum  acjdulare. 

Spec.  251. 
Natrum  nudum  fontanuniy  faturatum^  v.  Linn6    89-  3- 

Sveth.     SURBRUNS     SVLT,     BiTTERT    SaLT*        KALK* 

ARTIGT  MEpELSALT 
Gall.^SEL  NEUXKE   CAtCAiRE,      V.       PE  BoMARE  324. 

204. 

Gcfm.    Sauerbrunnen  -  Salz.        Bitter  -  Saw» 
Kalkartiges  M^ttelsalz 

/Sapore  eft  maxirae  amare  &  ingrato ;  in  a6rc  fetifcit 
in  pnl veretn  \  in  aqua  calidae  dujplo  folubilc ,  qvas  fo- 
lutio  cum  acidis  mincralibus  non  eflfervcfcit;  ab  alkali  fixo 
vegaabili  addito  praecipitatur  terra  rtba;  cryftallifatur 
figura  vcl  prifmatka  vel  paralUlipipeda  j  mitiori  ignc  cal- 
cinatur  in  pulvercra  album,  fortiori  ignc  fluit  inftar  aqv«, 
nifi  nimium  terras  admixcum  fuerit ;  cum  pulven  carb'onum 
commixtura  in  ignc  hepaticum  fpafgit  odorem  ^  carboni 
ignito  injeftam  immobile  pcrmanet,  &  vpftigiura  calpis  al* 
bs  rclinqvit.  . 

(a)  Sal  neutruivi  acidulaRb  anghqanum*     Sal 

..;      EbSHAMEKSE 

^•jrEft  figora  oblonga  quadrilatera,  in  aSrc  non  fatifcens, 

cum  oleo  vitrioli  fumans    &  cffervcfcens ;    praecipitans 

yargentum  aqva  forti  folutum;     cum  ^^  alkalino  fixo 

^  coagulatur ,  multara  pra5cipitan$  terram  ;  in  igne  fluit 

.in    materiam   tenacero;     cum   carbonibus    hcpatizat, 

puDgentem  fulphuris  odorem  emittens  j    aqva  folutum 

i^^^cryftallos  prasbet  duplices ,    cubicas ,     quae  funt  falis 

"   '^  communis  61  prifmaticas  ^   qva   accedunt  ad  naturam 

"^-'^aUs  mirabUis.     Obtinetur  a  magmate  rejiduo  poft  cry^ 

-^^^Itallifationem  falis  marini. 

^  ^Wl  I,  Duplex   omnino    eft  ial  angKcanum ; ,  a»««  compoli- 

•^tum  qvod  defcripfimus  in  aqxa   marina  przfens  ;    alterum 

^jifi^pl^^i^^f  compofitum  k  terra  calcarea  alba,    feu  magnejia 

^^i$iba  &  acido  vitriolieo:  ab  his  namqve  hujusmodi  fal  arte 

j^  praeparari  poteft,  fi  refiduum  poft  deft  lUtionem  lixivii  pri^ 

mi  nurofi  ex  ipla  terra  nitrofa ;    vcl  rcjiduum  poji  criJtalH. 


Digitized  by 


Google 


7»  J«  C  0  )  «J  : 

tttianem  pHinain ,  vel  terra  a  tak  eammtni  prccipitata,  au* 
Ui  lixivio,  poft  cryttaUifttioDem  Cilis  marini,  materno  dl! 
ao  praefeos  folvatur  oUo  vhrioli,  eadeniqve  folutio  dilua- 
tur  aqva,  fiUretiir  &  criftallirctur.  Eft  itaque  mapoefia  alba, 

,  •  qnx  eft  terra  alkalina  folubUJi,  &  aeidum  vitriolicum.  ayx 

;     hoc  fal  proprie  conftltuunt. 

OtC.  a.  Hoc  fal  anglicanm  primlhij  nt  Maturak,  qvod  in  fon- 
te  ioteno  la.  AngliA,  Eptan  sppelltto.  15  milliaria  a  Lob- 
rfjBa  m  .Sbwm  diltante ,   reperiebatur ,  confideratiini  &  ha- 
^tum  fliit.   Refert  fit  Dai. b  in  Pbarmcol.  hoc  fal  reperiri 
Burnetino!  xti  MiddelCexia  ,  Nortball  in  Hardfirdia,  &c.^ed 
hoc  naturale  vix  eft    venale.    Poftmodum    reUtum   fuit, 
hoc  iprum  InJngha  ab  Hankbwitz  praparari,  ae  omni- 
no  artijiciale  effe.   Hinc  variae  de  ejusdem  compoQtione  or 
t»  funt  conledur?.    Phiritni  hoc  ipfum   noDnifi    (al  mira 
tile  ene  poftuUrunt,   peculiar!  aliqvo  modo  prcpantum- 
e^r.  Epb.   AT.  C.  Centur.  III.   V   ih  Obr.  173.    Caspak. 
Wbumawn,  qvi  jpcr  aliqvodtempm  penes  Hattekevhz  com. 
HiOratus   eft,    refert,  iltud   pr«parari  a    erajfiore  manute, 
qvod  port  evaporationein    &  cryftallifationem    agva  mari- 
■    'TJ'^^-V^^'^'  *  ^^  *'"■'"'"  '"l^^'ntto,    vel   a   catnte  mortuo 
-      poft  deftiUaHonem  o/«  rimotf   relifto.     Hifee'autem  t*fr. 
'  !>""•>"»♦  qvibus    accurariori  texaraini  fubjeduro  fuit  mans 
t//«i.  port  cryftallifationem  filis  abaqvamarioa  relidum. 
deprehennitn  tuit ,  hoc  Cal  anglicanm,     ia    eodeni  magmate 
naturale  rfp^rtrt  &  obtin-^ri     dum  magmi    hocce     ulterlori 
evaporatiooi  &  criftallilationi  expoaitur ;    vel,    dum    In- 
IpUatur  hoc  ma^mi,  &  inrpiffttum    aqua   pura   folvltur, 

"n<?'^*";^,***'"'^®^^*P°""'***  cryftallifanda. 
Kit  ifaqve   W  anfltcanum  naturale,    ut  taroen  eo  faciliug 
inajoricopia  obtmeatur,  atqve  i  reliqvis  falibus,  in  eodef^ 
magmate    exifteatibus  feparetur,    adhiberi  folet  vuriolu-n 

•     '"«'«?*"«;  licet,  uti  diftum.  fine  vitriolo  ctiam  obtinem 
poteit* 

(b)  Sal  keutrum  aciditlare,  Sedlitzenfe^  vet  Seid- 
fcbutzenfe  &c. 

Hoc,  n^ur^  pri,nnatica ^  m  co  kfale  anglicano  dlffert, 
qvod  fit fimplicius^accedat  propius  ad  indolcra  falis 
mirabUU  ^  utpotc  coinpofitura  magmfia  alba  &  acido  * 
yitriolico,  fulpbureo^  undo  fyrupi  violarum  colorcm 
itUcrdum  in  viredincm  raotat ,  &  in  igne  fluit  tc- 
•uiter   inftar  aqv«.      Rcpericur  in  Jontibus  plunms 

5otc- 

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t>4  C  o  ;  Kf  73 

Soteriis,     Sedlitzenji^  Seydjchi'uzenjty  Egrano^  acnon- 
nullis  tberwis^  tarn  in  Gernmnia^  qvara  alibi. 

Obr.  Sulphureum  acidum,    his   falibus  ineiTe,    concludhnus,  i 

volatiiitate  hujus  fpiritiis,  qvi  ab  his  falibus    per  retortam 

'i?ftiUari  poteft,  nee  non  a   lulpbnre,    quod     Seipius  id 

Trafl.  mm  Pyrmonter  Stahlbr^  p..li4-  commemorai  ab  his  (a- 

libus,   per  fublimationein,  fiae  additdmeato  obthieri  poffe. 

(c)  Sal  neutrum  acidulare  ,  Umeamfe, 
Hoc     cryftalllfatur,    figura     paraUelipipcda  ^       lateribus 
inseqvalibus ;    in   acre  fit  farinaccuin.     Reperitur  ad 
nrbem  Umcd  ^    defcnptum  in    Act*  Stockb.  ij^o,   p. 

3.  SAL  NEUTRUM  compofltum  terra  cakarea^  (f  acido  vu 
triolico.    Sal  NEtxTRUM  calcareum,  5p,  25a. 

Neutrum  calcanum  efflorefcens.    M.  R*  Sp.  ig7. 

Sveth.  KaLk-Salt.  UtvittRAt  Kalk-Salt 
Gall.  Sel  de  chaux,  v.  De  BomarE  324,  11, 
Germ.  Kalk-Salz 

Sapore  eft  amaro,  ad  parietes  In  nonnuHIs  fodinis^ 
intcrdum  &  alibU  aut  in  ftriis  aut  qvafi  in  lamellis  vel 
cruftis  adfixura ;  in  acre  opacum  redditur  &l  fatifcit ,  aqva 
folutum  dimictit  ad  fundum  oko  tartan  p.  d.  adfufo  terrain 
alcaream  aut  fpathofain  ;  cum  acidis  non  effervefcit;  in 
igne  non  frcmit,  nee  detonat,  nee  fulminat,  ncc  facile  li- 
quefcitj  carboni  ignito  inje£ta;n  non  fumat,  neqve  fpu- 
mefcit. 

Ca}  Sal  nectrum  caLcareum,  album. 

(b)  Sal  neutr^um  calcareum  ,  flavitm.  l- 

O^f.  Primuf  qvi  hoc  fal  defcripQt,  eft,ni  fallor,  Fr.Hoff- 
.MANN  in  Op,  Pb.  Chym.  Tom.  z-  p.  343.  Scd  fateor,  non- 
dum  plene  effe  examiuatum,  in  refpeftu  ad  fuam  compofi- 
tionem  Forfan  apbronitro  Spec.  949.  &  acido  vUriolico 
compo/itum.  Qrod  ego  poffideo  truftulum  cruftacemn,  phu 
rimis  noa  fuSicere  potuit  experimentis,  qvara  qvae  indi- 
cavi. 

£  $  4*  SAL 

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74  f><)o(Kj 

4.  SAL  NEUTRUM  compofltum  terra  cdcaria^  &  acido 

nitri. 

NiTRUM    CALCAREUM 

Hoc    dcfcripfimus  .inter    fpecies    nitri    $.  pa.     Spec. 
141- 

5.  SAL  NEUTRUM  fale  alMino  mineral^  &  acido  falls 

compofltum.     Sal  neutrum  purum.     Spec*  2$3. 

SvctK  Rent  Medelsalt 

Gall.  Sel  neutre    pure.       v.  De  Bomare  aaj.  i^ 

Germ.  Reines  Mittelsalz 

Diverfa  cryftallifatur  figura,  fcilicet  infandibuli 
forma^  vel  cubica,  fapore  eft  falfo,  in  acre  farinacconi 
cvadit,  interdum  vero  claritatem  rctinet,  proximc  ad 
naturam  falh  fontani  acccdit,  proporttona  acidi  %d  fal 
alkali  minerale  diminuta ,  bine ,  aqva  folutum  ,  nuUam 
ab  oleo  tartaxi  p.  d.  adfufo  prascipitat  terrain,  nuUaxmivQ 
liiutationcm  infert  folntioni  mercurii  fublimati^ 

(a)  Sal  hcutrum  puRum  ,  pyramidale  cavum^ 
Conftat     cryftallis  pyramtdalibus ,    qvadrilateris,     ci« 

vis,    unde  formam   infundibuli  qvadrilateri  cavi  ha» 

bet.      Reperitur    in  nonnollis  fontibus  ia  OJlrobotb" 

nia  &  alibi.     Fig.  33. 

Obf.  Saepe  obfervavi  fal  commune  c  ylalUfatum  banc  figuram 
furcipere,  pr^cipue  fi  prius  cum  carbooibus  calcioatum  nieric, 

(b)  Sal  neutrum  purum,  cuhicnm^  cavum. 

Hoc  k  priori  fale  pyraniidali  qvafi  comporitum,  ita 
ut  quilibet  cubus ,  qvi  intrinfecc  eft  cavus ,  6  py- 
ramjdibus  conftarc  videatur.  Reperitur  ad  Baden  in 
Helvetia,  cfr.  AEla  N.  G  Vol.  II.  Jpp  p.  ^6.  Scheuch- 
ZER.  nec  non  ex  Sola  gradata  a^varum  falioarum 
in  fontibus  Hallenfibm^ 

Obf  Hoc  M  fyrttpi  violarum  coloretn  mutsit  9  aqva  Tolutum 
txhibet  foluiio.em  flavcfcentem,  gu«  diluta  klpirituvolu 
tf/i  uoa  mucatur ;  graviute  fpecinca*  duplo  minore  qvam 
lal  commuae  gaud^t ,  ob  caviucem  vacuam. 

6*  Sal 

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6.  SAL  'NEVTRVM  terra   calcarea^  (^acido  falis  cmpofi-^ 

turn      Sal  ammoniacum  fixum*  Spec^  254. . 

Jcidum  falls  terra  calcarea  faturatum  Crpnstedt  12.8.  i. 

Svcth,  Saltaska* 

Gall,  Sel  ammoniac  fixe 

Germ.  Scuep.      Figirtbr  salmiak 

Eft  fapore  amaro ,  in  aSrc  dcliqvefcit  liqvorom  pras- 
bens  flavum ,  aqva  folutum  non  cryftallifabile  prascipitatur 
falc  alkaline  fixo  tam  minerali  qvam  vegetabili;  violartim 
fyrtipum  tingit  colore  viridi ;  ficcura  cum  oleo  viirioli  effer-' 
vcfcit;  in  igne  fluit  inftar  aqvae  ;  aqva  folutura,  filtratum 
&  infpiflatum  gaudet  vi  phosphorefcente^  Reperitur  in 
octoM  &  in  aqvis  fontanis  falinis. 

7.  SAL  NEUTRUM  terra  cretacea  cumpirigvU  (focido  falls 

compofitvm.     Sal  cRET-a»  Spec,  25 5* 

Svcth    Kritsalt 

Call.  Sel  de  chaie 

Germ.  Kreidensalz. 
Eft  fapore  falino,  amaro  &naufeofo;  cryftallifatur  fi- 
gira  oblonga  pyramidally  qvae  cryftalli  aSre  fatifcunt  in  fa- 
rinam  albam  cum  aeidis  effervefeentem ;  folutio  hujus  ab 
alkali  fixo  praecipitatur  ^  ringit  fyrupum  violarum  colore 
viridi  &  ^tB^zifit^i^mercuriurn  fi^matum  colore  fufco  ru- 
bcntc;  in  ignc  fluit  confiftentia 'crafla  tenaci;  C\xm  fidphu-' 
re  nullum  producit  hepar»  Reperitur  in  ftatu  feu  agro 
fenen/i  in  Italia. 

Ohf.  Hujos  fails  defcriptionem  dedifc  git  is*  Baldassari  in 
Oiftrvazioni  fopra  il  fale  delta  Creta.  &c. 

Obfervationes  circa  /alia  netrtra^ 

Ohf.  Ut  hapc  ftlla  antiqviori  tempore  non  fufficienter  copilta 
tuiflfe  probabile  eft ,  fie  non  minim  qvod  peculiar!  ndmine 
generico  deftituca,  r^centiori  tempore,  sal i a  NBx;TKA,a 
nonouUis  Salia  innominata  fueriot  appellata*  Primus,  ni  fal* 
lor ,  qvi  fpeciem  adam  feu  fa}  neutrum  acidulare  detexit« 
fiut  4«ISTBR    JO  Tr*    de/ont.  med^  anglia  p.   8.  qvi  id 

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^  ipflimSAL  CALCARBunt  appelUvit,  &  poft  fonden'obftr. 
vavit  Fr.  Hoffman  id  Obf  Pb.Ch.  t.it.p.  5a  Re- 
liqua  heic  enumerata  fticceffive  pottmodum  abaliis  deteifU 
flint,  plcrumque  in  aqvblatentia,  vclfuperficialiter  aliiscor- 
poribus  adfixa.  Conftant  haec  falia,  ft  noiv  Qiania. 
pleraque  tameii  hji  calcarea  indolis  five  alkaUhi  mjnera- 
lis  cum  calcarea  terra  mixti,  uode.  ab  his  omnibus  naturalr 
bus  cum /ifciitttf//ii()/?r(>  terra  prascipltari  poteft  vel  calca- 
rea, vel  calcareae  indolis.  Acidnm  in  iisdera  pr^efens  non  fo^ 
lum  vitriolicum  eft  obrervatum ,  fed  etiam  in  aliit  nitrofum^ 
in  aliis  muriaticum,  unde  ratione  acidi  tripUcis  omoino  dtf- 
ferendx  extftunt  *  fub  uno  tamen  genere,  ob  bafin  fefe 
eandenin  coofiderari  poffunt*  Hinc  &  orizo  borum  fiiUuiB 
eft  fatis  aperta.  ^ 


^  I0I« 

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§.  lOI. 

9  SAL  AMMONIACUM.  Gen,  40. 

^kali  minerale  volatile^  acido  falis  unitum  C&oh'-  ^ 

STEDT    141. 

Sveth.  Salmiak 
0*11.  Sel  Ammoniac 
Genn.  Salmiak 

r.O)  Sap&re  eft  falino,  ingrato,  uHnofo,  pungente. 

2 : 0 ,  in  aere ,  immiitabile  permanet ;  quod  vero  perfeQe 
depuratum^  fimiliter  &  naturale ,  aere  humido  inter- 
dota  d^qvirfcit. : 

2:0  In  igne  tarn  aperco,  qvam  claufo  volatile. 

4:0,  Cum  fale  alkalino  fixo  tritom  pungencem  emittit 
odorera. 

5:0^  Coinpofitam  ocidQ  falis  c$mnims  Si  alkali  voldtili 

I  SAL  AMUOmACVM  in  jkres  vet  taminas  concfi. 
turn.     Saj.   ammoniacum    cRtJSTosuM.     Sp»  4564 

Sveth.  Salmiak  skaRKpa 

Gall«     SfiL    ammoniac    ek  croutes*     v.     De  Bo* 

MARE    339.  aiO« 

Germ*  Salmiaks  blume^ 

Reperitur  plus  minus^  purutn^  &  femipellueidum^ 
plerumque  cum  argilla^  terra,  aiit  lapide  adfixo,  locis 
ttlidioribus ,  vel  in  fupefficie  terrae  efflorefceiis ,  vel  ru- 
pibas  extrinfece  adherens ,  facie  porofa^  aut  f ulverulenu 
lalina;  figura  vera  incerta  &  inde termini*     Perfia ,    Cal* 

Ohf. 

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78^  t^CoX^ 

Ohf,  Primus  qui  hoc  ftl  defcripfft  eft  Model  in  VerfuAt 
undGedanken  iiher  einen  natUrlicbenod^:  g&wacbfencnSaimiak. 
An  ab  excrementis^oiiiKiliDin  raliais  £  uriuofi^;  calore 
folis  hocfsi,  in  regiontbu8caltdisnaturalicerpro(iucacur,ia 
medium  reiiaqvo* 

2.  SAL  AMMONIACUM  in  glebaSj  igne  fubtertMed  con- 
cretum.  Sal  ammoniacum  Vulcanorum.  Sp#  057. 

Svcth.  Berg-Salmiak 

GalU    Sel    Ammoniac    des  Volcans,      v,   De  Bo* 

mare  340.  an. 
Germ.  Berg-Salmiak 

Repcritur  circa  montes  ignivomos,  ncc,  no^  in  fb- 
dinis  lithanthracinis,  heterogeneis  plerumque  miztum^ 
hiric  colore  difcrepans* 

(a)  Sal  Ammoniacum  VuLcANORUM,  flavefcens. 
Hoc  colore  frequcntiffimum  eft ,  a  Stdpbure  adiiiixto. 

(b)  Sal  Ammoniacum  Vulcai^orum^  ii^rwr. 
Colorem  k  bituminofa^  vel  alia  materia  admixta.  Jubct^ 

Cc)  5al  Ammoniacum  Vulcanorum  ,  viridi^ 
Forfan  a  Vitriolico  adraixto  coloircm  habct. 

.  Repcritur  hoc  fal   ajnmoniacale'  ad  crones  fere  montes  , 
ignivomos,    ut   in   Sicilia^   Italia  &c.  cfr.  BoccoM 
Recherche.'  Edam  in  iod\m%  litbatubracis  in Nm CaJiU 
in  Jinglia. 

•  ♦     .  ■' 

Obfervationes  circa  Sal  ^mmoniacale. 

Obf.  I.   Sal  mmoniacak^  prsetereaTeperitur, 
(a)  Sal  AMMONrACUM  in  aqvis  fontanis. 

In  t'untibus  ad  Gieshubel  &  LAucHgf  Sdt  to  GirmamM; 

Cfr.   HENKBLy  Kl^  Mineral.  Scbrifien^  pag,  585.- 
^  (b)   Sal  ammoniacum  in  terra  nitrofa. 

Cfr.  Objetvat.  circa  nitrum  3. 

Anetiam  !n  terra  aut  lapidibur  mmixtum  ^  i  qutbus  falvo. 

Utile  obtlnetur  rcfr.  •$.  98),  qvod  cum  acidofalii  aut  fa/- 

fbufis  combinatum ,  iisdem  roiaeralibus  Inexiftere  AOonolU 

opinantur?  ctr,  ASla  N.  C.  VoU  T.  p.  ss^* 

Ini 


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b  PUntis  Qoonolli3  adefle  conteadunt  Tovrkbfokt  & 
Lbmbrt.  / 

Okf.  d«  Ssl  mnumaam  venak  praepantur  io  Mgypto  ab  ex- 
efemaou  ammabwn^  <)vae,  absqve  ulterior!  praeparatione 
iiccmtur*  comburuntur,  deiode  k  fultginc^  hinc  afceodeote 
fublimatur /a/  ammoniacum  io  furnb  ac  vafis  idoneis,  proue 
proUxius  dercriptum  eft  &  Lbmairb  &  Gkanobr  in  AFt. 
Farif.  I73S  &  ab  Ha5S£l  qui  it  ia  AH*  Stnckh.  VoLXlf. 
Ea  vero  bis  lo  relationibus  depreheoditur  differentia,  qvod 
Friorci  dicaoc  id  ipfura  praeparari  hfuliginc  aomin^U,  Jals 
&  KMflii.  HassElquist  vero  cdoteodit  id  Ipfum  a  Cola  fu- 
ligine  excreroeatorum  aaimaiiuni  praeparari ,  addens ,  fal 
marinum  in  iplis  vegetabiiibus,^qux  ab  animalibus  devo- 
rantur,  adcffe,  confeq  venter.  &  iii  excrementis.  Sed,  for- 
&Q  uterque  modus  ufurpari  poteft ,  pro  di veriitate  teinprv* 
m  &  iocf.  In  ipfo  etenim  modo  ae  apparatu  defcriben- 
do,  de  cxteroy  cooveniuatt  adeo  ut  oullum  UlUutis 
leom ,  judicare  poflimua* 

Oh/.  3.  Origo  talis  ammoninci  naturalis  eft  adbue  maxime  du- 
bia,  fcilicet,  an  onme  h  vulcanis  &  igne  fubcerraaeo 
depeodet ,  annon  alio  etiam  roodo  h  natura  produci  po* 
teft.  Quod  in  niontibus  ignivorois  reperituTf  dubiuroqvo- 
qve  eft.  an  ut  produ^um  ab  acsdo  Mis  communis  &  alkali 
'volatili  in  terris  &  hpidibus  praefente*  vi  ignis  expulfis 
coofiderari  poteft ;  an,  ut  in  fuperficie  produftum,  a  Lavdjler- 
cusammalium  qvod  jnoutes  circumjacet,  comburente '/  Ucram- 
qve  banc  cpinionem  minus  probabiiem  reddit  [al  ammoniacum 
io  todiois  lithantracinis  &  io  ooonuUis  aqvis  praefens.  Aa 
ergo  i  talc  communi  fimpliciter  originem  babet  i  ctr.  H£n«  . 
KEL  Rediv.  p.  if4#  ^    * 

Alio  roodo,  neinpe,  line  igne,  naturam  geouinum  Xal  am» 
moniacum  producere ,  coorpicirous  evidenter  in  (aU  ammo' 
niaco  in  terra  nitrotd  prae&ote.  cfr.  Obi.  circa  nitrum  j* 

OhL  4.  Salsa  ammoniacalia  illaio  genere  appeliari  folent,  qvs 
^cooftant  acido^  cum  alkali  volattli  combinato.  Proutitaqve 
difcrepaot  falia  acida,  mineralia,  vegetabilia,  imo  ftanima- 
lia,  oec  noo  talia  volatilia^  diverfa  puritate,  fic  &diftin- 
Aa  praeparari  pofle  falia  amtnoni^caUa  evideos  eft*  Hiac 
diveria  (alia  ammoniacalia  artificialia  exiftunt. 

Oftf.  5*  VeCerum  Dioscokiois,  SSrapioniSi  AviCBtixfiS 
tal  ammockiicumt  videcur  fuiife  Ul  gtmmM. 

QK 


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8o  l«(o)K| 

Obf.  6*  Vaif  Talis  amiliDhiaefi.  ut  tbemicumSc  medseum  ref^ 
ceamus,  eft  infignis  a  variis  artificibus,  imprimis  ad  rii. 
frum  ftanno  obduceodum,  ali^qve  opera  ffletalUca.  Dici- 
cur  addibeii  k  oonoulUs,  cum  fkiigitte^  ad  iodiiranda  &  ni- 
gra teddeada  ligoa*  Eodem  frigui  arttficiale,  produci  polle 
uotum  eft.,  dum  m  aqvam  projicitur;  idqye  frigus  magis 
JQteiifum  reddu  ft  (al  ammoaiacum  mixtam  cum  aoatica 
TP^te.  mcrcurii  fuUinmti  Tolvatur  ia  aceca  deftillato* 

0^f.7;His,  de  talibut  miueraBuif  ad  typum  transmits,  ea 
mihi  Contigit  ioexfpeftaca  felicitas  f  qvam  heic  reticere 
non  debeo ,  fcilicet.  non  folum  videre  fed  &  examinare 
^  Mutionem  auri  in  acido  vitriolico^  praeparatam  k  generof.  &* 
noinliff.  vifQ  cbiliarcha  locum  tenente  If  cqwte  ord.  R  Enpfeti^ 
J.  J.  AncharstrOm,  qvi  hi  fuo  ]()raedio /-inrfc*  Inftrudif* 
fimo  non  folura  gaudet  laboratorlo ,  fed  iz  ipCe  iadefefliis 
diu  Doftuque  cbemicis  operatiooibuS  opet^m  navat,  omat 
exaftitudine  fimul  &  patieotia  fuas  pera^ens  operatibneSt 
fuaqve  fubjefta  operationum  ,  inprimis  (alia^  Jofveta  cer-, 
te  methodo^  fed  accnratifflma,  purificans  &  cryftallifans- 
vnde,  ab  iisdem  ea  obtinet  eduaa,  qvs  purlcate,  tedui- 
tate  atqve  peoetratione  gaudeat  maxima.  Initia  htjtis  fo 
lution!s  auri  in  eodem  vidi  laboratorio  ,  eandem  yero 
deinde,  poft  aliqvod  tempos,  coofummatam  &  ad  fineio 
perduftam  cum  oUo  tartari  p.  d.  examinavi ,  q vo,  fub  ma« 
^a  efTervefcentia.  praecipitatus  tuit  tenuijjimui fiavefetni  pul^ 
xis^  qvi  debite  traaatus,  verum  &  punliimum  erat  aurum. 
Haac  folutionem  heic  indfcare  debuimns ,  iic  limiccocur 
quse  in  antecedent! bus  de  (blutione  auri  in  acido  ^uitrioli^  di" 
Ximus,  &  qutdem  jore,  dum  metbodo  vulgari  traAatur. 
Etenim,  ft  operationes  chemicae  plurimae  cerus  reqvirunc 
inanipulationes,  tarn  in  roenftrui  praeparatione «  qvam  in 
aiiH  prdeparatione  &  trifura ,  nee  non  in  iph  folutionb 
deinde ,  debito  fub  retrimine  &  debito  tempore  pcrficicn- 
da.  Hsc  folutio  inter  arcada  alcliemiftica  haberi  folet,  ooa 
aliam  ob  cauftam ,  qvam  q vod  juniores  cbemici,  fimplicio- 
ribus  folurionjbus  &  praecipifalionlbus  occupati ,  hujusmo- 
di  operationes  fibi  pr^fcriptas  non  habent-  Hiac  vero 
difcere  det)ent  alchemiae  derifores  immaturi,  qvod  alcbe- 
mici  ea  pracftare  pofluntqVde  illi  ignorant,  &a\rod  non  tarn 
in  auTO  praeparando,  ut  illi  inepte  opinantur,  iinx  occupati, 
qvam  potius  in  naturae  arcani^  detegendis.  Gennini  a  1- 
ctaemicir  uno  ore  fateufur ,  fe  majoris  laomenti  conftdera* 
re  cogoltionem/trrri  ab  «ttr(».produceadi|  qvaia^aria/erro 


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fci^Co)«| 


81 


Sed  hac  occafione  fimul  reticcre  non  debeo,  genemfif^mum  vU 
rum  &f*  eqvitim  nominatiim  noa  adao  chemicis  operatloai- 
bus  e\Te  ibrepcum,  qvia  fitnal  fuara  cogcitionem  in  che- 
micis fvasqve  operationes,  juxta  principia  cheaiica,  exten- 
dat  ad  conjmoda  reipublicae  promo venda*  Hunc  in  fiDem 
primus Jn  regno,  fuo  in  prsedio  Lindo^  officinam  inftituic 
pro  puherifitione  qvarzi  ^  tenuiflimum  in  alkohol,  pro 
otficinis  vUriariis  &  porcellana  ad  vitra  &  'vitrificationeT  nee 
vtoa  ad  encaufticA  opera,  Hsec  operaiio  igae  &t  aqva  perfi- 
citur-  Fro  nitro  couficiendo  flc  coqvendo  ,  juxta  iliatit 
quana  chemia  fubminiflrat  theoriam,  in  maximuni  acervum 
feu  cumulum  contedtum,  habet  congeftas  diverfas  terras, 
aliiscum  materialibusartiftciofe  &  prudenter  iiuxtas,aqvibus 
debiie  trsftatis,  nitrum  non  foluni  majori  copia  cito  exco* 
qvi  poteft  ,  fed  ik  coftura  fatis  purum  obdaeri.  Optamus 
luas  manipulatioQes  fuaqve  iarenta  cum  publico  commu- 
nicare  vellet. 


-f  . 


^m.  11 


J.    103. 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


S*    103. 

lo..  BORAX,        Gen,4r. 

ChryfocoUa  nonnullorum 
Capijirum  auri 

Sveth.  Borax 
Gall«  Borax 
Germ.  Borax. 

inio»  Saport  eft  lixivlofo  (ed  obdi^o. 

^do«  jTn  aere^  dum  dcpuratum  eft,  humiditateni  perdit  Tea 
fatifcit )  non  vero  aere  hamido  deUqvefcit« 

3tio.*'/n  aqva  ixjinima  proportione  folvi  potcft  fub  cof^io* 
ne,  aqvss  vero  frigid^e  fedecupluin  ad  fuam  folutio- 
nem  reqvirit ;  cryftalliratur  figura  indetenninata ;  ru- 
dis  vero  figura  prifmatica  o£Iy)  vel  fex  lateribus ;  aat 
qvadrata  oblotiga.     Fig.  34.  35. 

■  4to.  Cum  acidis  fpiritibiis  non  cffervefcit ,  ncqve  cum  fali^ 
bus  atkalinis  fixis ,  fy^upi  violarum  colorcm  vero  in 
viredinem  mutat,  &  praecipitat  omnes  folutiones  me- 
tallicas  acidis  fa£tas ,  nee  non  terras* 

5to.  In  igne  intumefcit,  aluminis  inftar,  poftmodum  li- 
qv^fcit  in  vitrum ,  qvod  vero  magna  aqvae  copia  dc; 
coQum  folvitur,  ac  in  fal  genuinum  boracis  iterura  re- 
dit ,  hifi  fortiori  &  ciont'muato  igne  vitrificatum  fud* 
rit* 

6to.  Nondum  in  Europa  eft  repertum ,  fudc  ex  Indiis  & 
orietualibus  regionibus  adfertur  ^  qvod  puriflcatur  -^m- 
ftelodamL 

!♦  BORAX  ctudus  faponaaus^    Tincal.     Spec.  ^58. 

Jiorax  nudus*    v.  Linn^  94.  i. 
Borax.     Cronstedt  139. 
Nitrum  nativum  fci£ile^  Kei^tmak^ 

Sveth, 


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|«  C  o  ^  K$.  S3 

SvCth.    TlNKAL. 

GalU  Borax  brut  ou  borax  CRud,     V.   De  Bo^a^ 

R^     343.    lid. 

Germ.  TiNKAL 

Externa  facie  viridcfcentis  aut  eieridefcentis  ftpo- 
nis  apparet  ,  fimul  vero  conftarc  videtur  aliqva  pingve- 
dine,  in  qva  involutas  &  abfconditae  jacenc  (TyT^aWf  tcnuio  • 
res,  cryftaHis  falinis  aoqvalcs;  fapore  eft  primum  duici 
poftmodum  ur cute ;  in  aqva  difficulter  fohutur  ob  pin- 
gvedinera,  &:  admixtas  oarticulas  terreftres,-  fyrupuin  vio* 
larum  tlngit  colore  viridi  &  mercurium  fuMimatuoi  prae- 
cipitat  colore  aurantio ,  per  dcftillationem  prasb^t  pbUgms 
ii  oleum  petroleo  firnilc^  Brandt  in  ^cSt.  Slockb.  iTS6. 
P-  357- 

Oh.  u  Hac  brevi  defcrintfone  elucct  tincst  effe  fil  ^voidam 
aikalenum ,  cum  pingveHne  qijadam  <ommixtum  ;  fed  ,  aa 
udturaU  vel  drtificiaie  'i  Aa  io  Cota  compofitirme  mkierale, 
yeU  commixtuin  pingvedine  aninmli  aut  vegecabili,  hoc 
ipfum  certo  dicere  non  poifumus. 

V.  Db  Bomarb  In  Mintral  p.  34^^  nota  commemorat  fe 
ex  literis  ab  Hifpabun  i liana  obtinuSfle  nocitiam,  qvod  tivtil 
ifi\xhnrax  cTudus  obtineatur  /i/tfwrf/^«/grifeis,  piogrioribus  m 
Perfia  &  imperio  Mogoi  ad  Golconds  &  i^ifaponr^  in  confr 
oils  flumlnum  atqve  ad  radices  montium  prsfentibus,  ubi  & 
0tjvs  ladea  acris  &  lixiviofa  reperitUr^  Hi  lapides^  diverfx 
iD)gnitudini8,acriexpofitiJnfuper^ieY  colore  rubente  vel 
vindefcente  aut  obfcuro  efflorefcunt ,  vocannir  «/rtrj<tr  ^o. 
f«n>;  forfan  Hdem  lapides  qvl  ab  HErmanno  in  Cyna. 
Mau  Med.  appellaotur  lapidti  nhrofi^  de  qvibus  c^lciiiatU 
&  in  aqva  folutls  boracem  pr^xparari  conteoditj  Ms  etenim 
nominatialapidibus  lixivium  paratur,qvod?vtporatur  adcry* 
ftalUfationem  ,  delode  in  tolTa  terreftri  per  tres  meafes^  te« 
ftum  reIinqvjtur,qvo  cempore  elapfo€peritut  foffa,&ex<ra- 
hitur  crufta,  qva  jam  conhat  Boracb  Pinovn  Aliqvando 
hoc  Cal  extrabicur  ab  a<iva  fing^  widt^me^  qve  iofof* 
lis  profuodis  teperitur,  in  confinils  miner»  cupti  in  Perjiu 
Borax  pinpit  iterum  folvitur  fufiiciente  aqva  qvautitate, 
&  alia  ill  tofla  cry  ft  alii  fa  tur,  unde  borax  crvovs  feu  tin. 
CAL  obrinetur,  qvi  ideoqve  non  afuftciali$>  fed  inter  felia 
nMtursita  conaumerandus.  Hoc  fal  in  Buropam  transporta- 


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U  fc<  r  o  )  «5 

turn,  jitttfielodami  ulterius  depuratur,  unde  soKACBit  ax- 
bum  feu  boraccm  depuratum  album  ^  plerumqve  figpra  irre- 
gular], interdum  odaogulari,  habemus,  qviin  aere  extrinfe- 
ce  fariuaceus  cum  tempore  redditur,  in  igne  iotumefcit,  poft-. 
modum  vero  ia  vicrum  liqvefcit,  qvod  deaup  aqva  folubi- 
lei  oift  fortius  fufum  &  vitri/icacum  fuerit* 

Ohj\  2.  piverfie  exftiterunt  adbuc  &  exiftuntde  haracit  indo- 
le opinioncf.  Thboph&astus  farAcblsus  boracefflcon* 
fideravit  UC  compoAtum  alumi^c  ^  fak  ammoniaco  &  tartaro 
calcinato.  Lbmmbky  in  Hift.  6*  Mem*  Parif  1709.  fta- 
tuit  boracem  UC  pil  alkalmum  cotafiderari  debere,  qvam  Tea- 
teotiam  adoptaVit  Bbrobk  in  '(^r.  ie  Tbermif.  C,  N£u- 
•  akAN  in  flrak  Ok  pr«cipue  vec^PoxT  de  borace^  aliiqve 
exillimaruat  boracem  ejfe  fJ  miium  &  qvidpiam  acidi 
^itriolici  continere.  Bakow  db  HbnouillE  in  Mem,  de 
Matth.^tf  Pb*  T,f^  demonftrare  adlaboravic  in  borace  ni- 
hil de  vitrioli  acido  reperiri ,  fed  eundem  conftare  alka^ 
ii  miueraii  cum  file  ftdativo ;  qvam  fententiam  etiam  Mo- 
dbl  in  '/V»  deboraee  detendcre  videtur  Brandt  in  Act. 
StQckh.  1756.  Hatuit  ^/il'.W/  boracis  e(fe  diftindum  ab  alkali 
minerdlit  idqve  ad  faponaceam  accedere  naturam. 

Hanc  fenteqtlam  vedtati  congrnam  feqventibtiselucet  momen- 
tis*  C^}  A  fiponacea  facie  &  indole  falis  tincal^  (b)  ab  oieo 
.  q vod  reipOi  k  fale  tincal  feparari  poted ,  ^c)  A  pblegmate 
fiponaceo ,  qvod  in  deftillattonibus  boracis  cum  acido  vi* 
trioiico  obtinetur*  fd^  ^  dejiructione  /zr/(for«m  mineraliuoi, 
praecipue  vitrioiici ,  qvae  k  mater^  inflammabili  coutiugere 
foiet.  CeJ  Qvod  borax  turn  agva  q  vam  c^eo  fit  Dilubiiis, 
imo^fpifitu  vinij  fi  actenuatus  ac  qvafi  divifus  cum  eodem 
bene  digeratur,  cfn  Brandt  in  Act.  Stockk'  175^*  p.  300^ 
Hujusmodi  vero  folubilicas  nonnifi  fdponaceis  conipetcre  pa. 
ted  corporibus.  CO  Qvod.  more  faponaceorum  corporum, 
addtta  materia  volatilifante,  ad  partem  v6iacilifatur  &  fubli* 
matur.  C^j  Qvod  in  igne  intumefcat  in  bulks ^  ut  fapona- 
cea  foleut  corpora ,  ut  conllat  exemplis /^rcWi ,  yi/>(«/r 
artificidlis  &c.  His  concludimus ,  boracem  elfe  fal  fopmia^ 
eeuM^  compofitum  alkalino  fale  ndnerali ,  mucato  ab  iotime  & 
arftiifime  coml)inata  materia  pingvi* 

Obt.  9.  Sal  SBDATivuMi)Vod  attinet,  qvod  cum  acidis,  a 

'.    borace  feparari  poted  ,  ut  in  r^rnfiVi/ indicatur ;  qvo,  ut 

peculiari  princip/o  [x>raceim  componi  notum  eft,  nos  opi- 

namur ,   id  ipfum  non  folum  boraci  ejjfe  inex{JUns  ,  fed  ipfum 

^  fal\  boracu  f  \  qvocumqve^  modo  mutatunif   &    ad   acidam  ma- 

6»S 


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^  (  o  )  «l  85 

gis  inclioaos  naturam.  Occafionem  huic  conjefturae  praebuit 
deftillado  ,  qvam  in  hunc  finem  aliqvaado  inftitiiJmus  cum 
ficcbaro,  qvod  etiam  faponaceum  eft,  cum  oleo  vitrioli  di- 
iuto  admixto,  qvo  in  cafu,  fimiliter ,  qvidpiam  falls  albidi 
in  recipiente  obtinuimus.  Corroborari  vero  videtur  noftra 
h*ec  fententia  feqventibus  momenti?.  imo.  Qvod  hocfalfe* 
iatimm  etiam  ad  partem  fpirttu  vini  feparari  poteft ,  uc  ob- 
fcrvavit  Baron  i>b  henouillb  in  Mem.  de  Mathenu  y 
Ptyf.  7".  i.  uode  patet  acida  parum  aut  nihil  ad  ejusdem 
generation  em  contribuere*  ado.  Qyod  aqvahbus  cum  bora* 
H  gaudeat  proprietatibux ^  nempe  f^j  in  refpeftu  ad  folntio- 
nem  in  aqva  calida  &  cryftalUfationem  in  triglda,  {h)  Qvod 
aeqvaliter  ac  borax  hepaticum  qvid  noa  producat  cum  phlo- 
gifto,  (c)  in  igne  aeqvaii^  exhibeat  cum  borace  phaenomena, 
tarn  vitrificatione  qvar?!^  vitri  folutione  in  aqva.fubcoftura. 
Cd)  Cum  falibui  alkalinir  mixtum  '&  deftillatum  eadem  ex- 
htbet  produdta,  qv3e  a  borace  iisiem  cum  falibus  tradatp 
obtioentur,  nullumqve  veftigium  falls  volatilis.  (ej  Idem 
&  evenit  in  raixtura  cum  falibus  medtit  y  e  qvibus  acidum, 
nitfi  &  iilii  ad  partem  expeiluat  *k/i/ /eiani/aw  *i  ^Jr^r. 
Non  diffitemur  aliqvam  differenttam  inter  boracem  6t  fd 
fedjtivum  reperiri,  qvam  inprimis  extra  i^nem  oui^rvi*mus, 
tam  reageniibus  ^  qvam  praripitanithuf  medtis  ^  ut  in  chenii- 
cls  indicatur,  fed  hanc  diflerentidm  ab  admixta  materia  i;o- 
Istilifantet  extra  ignem  adhaerente,  depcodere  pode  exilti- 
mamus;  unde  &  opinamur  deduci  polVe,  qvod  cum  Mbur 
alkalinif  corobinatum,  eadem  in  fdlia  neutra  commutet ,  at- 
^ve  qvod  dccomponat  fal  nitrfjum  If  mufiaticum*  Sedn*c 
omnia  hypothetice  &  problematice  folum  di£3:a  fuuto#  Dif- 
fipatur  vero  haec  volatilifans  materia  in  igne,  &  dum  in  fu . 
mum  Mt^  qvidpiam  Jalis  Jimid  voiatilifat.  De  caetero  ,.  qvi- 
bus Rotum,  qvod  falia  non  folum  fed  &  terrae  ab  admixtts 
iorporihur  aliqvam  fubeant  mutationemi  illi  non  mirari  de- 
bent  idem  boraci  contiugere. 

1.  BORAX  fale  alkdm  mimrali  mixtus.     Borech.  "Sp. 

Sveth.  BoREK 
GalL  BoRECH^ 
Cerm.  Borech. 

Externa  facie  eft    album  in  majoribus   vel  minori- 
bus   firaftulis  |  qvas   maffae    calcinates    fimilia  ,    cum   ad- 

F  3  mixta 


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mixta  materia  percgrina,  plerumqve  tdrreftri  aut  arenofa; 
fapore  eft  acri  pvngentc  urinofo  ;  in  ain  poft  cryftallifatio- 
nem  fetifcit;  in  o&vif\o  aqva  folublle,  cryftallifatar  fi^ura 
paralellipipeda  aut  rhoraboidali;  cum  acidis  mineralibus  ef- 
fervefcit;  fympi  violarum  colorein  cingit  colore  viridi;  /&- 
Jutiones  metallicas  acidis  faftas  prascipitat ;  ^  falibus  alkali- 
nis  non  mutatur  vel  turbatur;  cum  oleo  vitrioli  A\t  fal  ft- 
dativum;  in  ignc  liqvefcit  fine  intumefccntia  in  maflam 
vitrcain. 

Okr.  Hoc  fal  aGatfcum  Borbch  qvod  i  Turcls  Buracb  nb 
Anhis  vera  ROra  appellatur,  ccmpofitam  videtur  k  Bc^ 
race  Vcl  mtnera  Bnracis  &  alkali  minerali,  ut  demOnftravft 
Baron  DE  HenouifxE  In  Mem.  de  Mntbem  £^  Phy/ic.  T. 
//.  Magnam  hoc  ipftjm  habere  convenientiam  cuai  natro 
feu  alkali  mineraliah  allata  defcriptione  patet;  nuUumqve 
eft  dubium  qvio  ab  hoc  fale  nbtiiieri  pofflt  borax;  pre- 
babile  hinc  eft,  h»c  ftUa  oHm  fiiiOc  confufa,  vel  utrisque 
hia  nominlbus  fbrftn  appellata,  ctr.  Spec.  a69.  0*f.  u  & 
Spec.  858,  Obr.  Forfan  ideoqve  hue  pertinec  nitri  genus, 
dc  qvo  Boracem  confici  afleruat  Cjesalpinus.  Aldro- 
VANDUS  &  AGRICOLA. 

Obfervationes  circa  falia. 

O*''.  r.  Ab  hac  prapmiflTa   falium  mineralium  defcrlptioni,  pa- 
tet, ut  brevtter  difla  recapltulemus.  alia  elTe  acida^  qv« 
cum  filibug  alkalmis.  effervefcuot ;  alia  alkalina^  qvae  cum 
^       ftlibu^  acidjs  effervfiftuat ;    iXxz  neutra,  qvae   vel  imperfe- 
cla,  fcilicet  qvorum  bJfis  non  eft  D Una,  fed  vll  raetelli- 
ca  aut  terrea,  qvafis  reperitur  in  'vitriolir^aluMine  nee  Doa 
In  nonnulUs  falibus  neutrir,  proprie  fie  diftls  ;  vel  perftEU^ 
-qvorum  bafis  eft  Ulina^  qvalis  reperitur  In  nitro^  £ak  cm^ 
muni  puro,  &  (alibus  neutrit  puris. 
Alkalina  {alia ,   fotft   duplicia ,  pxa  vel  voUtilia  in  Igne  ;   de 
qv\h\i%  priora  compoUta  funt  ab  acido  &  ttrratoluta  jotime 
combrnata,  qvae  rerra  k  falibus  alkalinis  fixisarte  foparari 
poreft,  fo  jgns  fufibUIs.  His  principHs   accedit  materia  in-- 
.fammihtlts  ia  Ulibus  alkalinis  volatilibu/j  ut  IQ  cheaicis  de- 
nicnftratUN 

iHInc  acid^i  omnium  firapliciffima,  qvx  tainen  deprebendlmus 
compolita  ab  a^v'ol'a  parte  &  fak  fubtlliffimo   Inhofpitapta 
Hoc  aq vis  imaixcuui  fal  vocatur  primipiak.   qvod,  unde 
•  ori- 


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origioem  habet,  noftram  adtulimus  coajefturam  5a  Ohf^  circa 
falia  acida  mtneral  obf,  ^. 
Olf,^,  Hue,  'mitt falia  referunt  noanulli,  GypfQfhs  lapides, 
inprimis/e/tf/«frm,  nee  non  arjemcum^  fiqvidera  haec  corpora, 
more  faiiuni  ,  in  aqva  funt  folubilia ;  fed ,  cur  feknttem 
atqve  reliqvos  Kypfofot  lapides  ,  ia  online  imo  clajjii  2da 
alios  inter  lapides  colloeavimus  ♦  hoc  indicatutn  efl  ia 
(^feftj.  4.  circa  gypS^fos  lap,  arfemcum  qvod  attiaet,  ut  fub^ 
limanone  re^ulum  prsbetfetni  met  alii  cum^  qva  in  proprletate, 
ab  omni  fale  diftinguitur,  fic  nuUara  video  ration-?!!!,  cur 
0on  denominatio  fiat  a  potior!,  &  hoc  ipflira  inter  femlnie- 
tallica  corpora  locum  habeat'  Praterea  obfervandum^qvod 
fi  omnia  corpora  inter  falia  numeranda,  qvae  aqva  fant  fo- 
lubilia ,  certe  gummata  etiam  inter  falia  locum  Uabereat* 


F  4  §♦   lOf- 


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81 


$♦  105. 


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SULPHURA. 

Tblogiftica  mintrdlia^    Cronstedt  144^ 

Svcth.    SwAFWEtARTER*       BERGFETMOR 

Gali,     Substances    inflammables.      B  i  t  u  m  e  s 

ET    SOUPRES*       BOMARE     II.    ^46- 
Gttm.  SCHWEFELARTEN.    EnTZUNDLICHE 
K6RPER 

Sunt  corpora ,  plus  minus  compofita  ^  diverfa.  con- 
fiftcntia ,  fluida  aut  folida ,  non  aqva  fed  oleo  folubilia^ 
qvas  in  igne  aut  per  fe  ,  cum  fumo  &  odore  flagrant ,  aut 
materiam  in  igne  flagrantem  continent^ 


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,  t>*  (  o  ;  ►^  89 

BITUMINA.  Gen.  42. 

Svcth.  Bergfetma.     Jordfetma 

Gall.  BiTUMEs/    V,  De  Bomare   Ii.  447. 

Germ.  Bergfechichte  Korper.     Bergfett 

1 : 0 )  Sunt  am/iftentia  diverfa^  fluida   tenacia ,  fragilix  vd 
dura. 

3  ;o ,  In  igne  flagrant,  qvo  magis  liqvida  eo  fortius,  cum 
fumo  nigro,  odore  fortt  minus  ^rato  &  vapore  fuf- 
foc^te. 

3:0,  Colore  fluidius  bitumen  eft  diverfo,  tenacius  vero  & 
durum  ut  plurimum  nigrefctnte. 

450,  jfqvis  hasc  bitumina,  nifi    hctcrogcneis  gravioribua 
mixta  fuerint ,  innatanc^ 

I.  BITUMEN  fluidijjimum^   levijjimum.     Naphtha.  Sp. 

ft6a# 
Sitwnmfluidum  albUons.     v«  Linn6  109.  i* 
Naphta.     Cron«tedt  147*     A.  i^ 
Sveth.  Bergbalsam^  Naphta 
Oal!^   Naphte*    V,  De.  Bomare  11.  153^ 
Germ.  Naphtha,   Bergbalsam 

Eft  purum  ac  tenuiflimum  oleum  mlnerale ,  tam  llib* 
tilitate,  qvam  claritate,  &puritate  fpiritui  vini  fere  asqvale, 
ca  fimul  &  levitate)  ut  omni  liqvidortiam  fpirituofo  inna- 
tet)  in  aqvam  effufii  guttula  expanditur;  odore  non 
ingrato;  flamraam  e  longinqvo  attrahit,  ctiam  amum  ex 
^V^-regis^  dum  in  folotionem  auri  effunditur  \  cum  tempo/ 
rcodorem,  confiftentiam  &  colorem  perdit,  fit  flavefccns, 
craffum  oleo  fuccini  aB(ivaIe , .  qvo  fimul  iBfiammabilitatis  i 
longinqvo  potcntiam  petdit. 

F  s  OUT. 


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5»  105. 

Ordo  idus. 

SULPHURA. 

Pblogijlica  mintralia^    Cuonstedt  144^ 

SvCth.    SwAFWEtARTER*       BERGFETMOR 

Gall,     Substances   inflammables.      B  i  t  u  m  e  s 

ET    SOUPRES.       BOMARE     II.    ^46- 

Germ.  Schwefelarten.  Entzundliche 

K6RPER 

Sunt  corpora,  plu^  minus  compofita^  diverfa.  con- 
fiftentia ,  fluida  aut  folida ,  non  aqva  fed  oleo  folubilia^ 
qvas  in  igne  aut  per  fe  ,  cum  fumo  &  odore  flagrant ,  aut 
materiam  in  igne  flagrantem  continent^ 


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,  t>*  (  o  ;  «j  S9 

I-  BITUMINA.  Gen.  42. 

Svcth.  Bergfetma.     Jordfetma 

Gall.  BiTUMEs/    V,  De  Bomare   Ii.  447. 

Germ.  Bergfechichte  Korper.     Bergfett 

i:0)  Sunt  amfift entia  diverfa^  ^md^   tenacia,  fragiliavel 

dura. 

J  , 
3  :o  ^  In  igne  flagrant^  qvo  magis  Iiqvida  eo  fortius,  cum 

fumo  nigro,  odore  fortt  minus  ^rato  &  vapore  fuf- 

foca^te. 

3:0,  Colore  fluidius  bitumen  eft  diverfo,  tenacius  vero  & 
durum  ut  pluriroum  nigrefctnte. 

450,  jfqvis  hasc  bitunrina,  nifi   hetcrogcneis  gravioribua 
mixta  fuerint ,  innatanc^ 

I.  BITUMEN  fluidijjimum^   Uvijpmum.     Naphtha.  Sp. 

26a# 
BUtmm  fluidum  albicans,     v.  Li2^n6  109.  i* 
Naphta.     Cron«tedt  147*     A.  i* 
Sveth.  Bergbalsam^  Naphta 
Gal!^   Naphte*    V,  De,  Bomare  11.  153^ 
Germ.  Naphtha,   BergbAlsam 

Eft  purum  ac  tenuiiCmum  oleum  mlnerale  ,  tam  Aib* 
tilitatc,  qvam  claritate,  &puritate  fpiritui  vini  fere  asqvale, 
ea  fimul  &  levitate^  ut  omni  liqvidortiam  fpitituofo  inna- 
tet;  in  aqvam  effufii  guttula  expanditur;  odore  non 
ingrato ;  flamraam  e  longinqvo  attrahit ,  ctiam  aurum  ex 
<iVM-regis%  dum  in  folotionem  auri  cffunditur ;  cum  tempo/ 
re  odorem,  confiftentiam  &  colorem  perdit,  fit  flavefccns, 
craffum  oleo  fuccini  asqyale, .  qvo  fimul  iafiammabilitatis  i 
longinqvo  potentiam  petdit. 

F  s  o«r. 


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9Q  t>^  )  o  (  ^ 

Obf.  J.  Maxima  naphtha  abundantia  reperitnr  in  penm/Ua  md^ 
ft  I  Cafpit^  quam  KjemTFER  in  Ammit.  Exa.  Fafi.  ic« 
Reh  I.  p.' 271.  &c.  ckrcribit&  appelljat  Okefra;  Heni. 
Backer  in  Employm,  for  the  microfcopy  fecundum  relatione^ 
Jac.  Mounseu  &  Jon.  Hanwaii,  vocat  ioCuUm  S'wte^ 
ten ,  forfan  in  refpedu  v^l  ad  diverfa  notnina  vel  ad  di- 
verfas  lingvaf.  In  hac  pcninftila  &  pcUucidlflima  ac  pu- 
ra  naphtha  &  petroleum  craffiM^  ac  oi|;ruiD,  diyer(»  in  locis, 
ex  ipfa  terra  icaruriunt.  CoUig^ncuc  in  cifternis,  ea 
copia ,  ut  ad  relationem  K^^Ml-FERr  U  c  p.  879.  qvo- 
tidie  ultra  90000  libr.  haberr  &  vendi  poITiftt.  Qvod  & 
convenit  cum  relatione  Backer  communicata,  qva  con- 
Itar,  petroleum  ad  0  vel  9  ped*  altkudioem  alRirge^e  Ac 
ultra,  coslo  nubilofo  e-xiflenle.^ 

Repetitar  etiam  naphtha  elara  in  monte  Zibio  in  Modena  Tta- 
liae«  qvs  parum  fiavefcens  •  inodora,  nee  non  in  monte 
Ziaro  in  confiniis  Plic^fL  qvae  albefcens  ex  mente  ScK^ 
fiofo  obtinetur.  cfr*  Franc.  ArioSTI  de  oko  numtis  Zibini  • 
&c  PsiLaNDERHielM  in  Mem.  de  PAcai,  des  Scienc.  de  Pa^ 
fis  173^- 

Olf,  d«  Spirittij  vi'tti  reFlifcattffimut  9  li^cum  oko  vMoS  mSx- 
tus  &  digeflus  deCtilletur  prijdejiter,  prxbet  bxc  mixcura. 
primo  fpiritum  anodjuum^  dehde  oleum  ittberetmy(\'VQA  napbthm 
^imo/<  appeilari  foletf,  ji  nonnulUs  Co/,  iisdeniqve  g;au« 
det  proprietatibus  cum  naphtha  naturally  fcllicet,  fua  levita* 
te,  clarltate,  inflammabilitatc  e  locginqvo,  nee  non  po- 
tentia  aumn  ex  aqva  regis  attrahendi^  An  ergo  naphtha 
naturalis  fimiliter  compofita  aeido  vitriolieo  voTn^Ui^  &  am* 
teria  inflammabili'i 

Olf.  3.  Kampfer  1*  c.  conunemorat  napltam  i  Petfis  &  Tar- 
CIS  adhiberi  ad  conciliandum  nitorem  &  fplendorem  ver^ 
nijjis  kfandaraca  &  oleo  lini  praeparatae,  qvaro  ▼erniffam 
diligenter  cum  naphtha  agitant  ut  fpuroercat,  fie  aglUUAv 
&  probe  dtlutam  fuper  opera  qvaevia  llgnea  vel  charta- 
cea ,  coloribus  prius  pifta ,  ope  penicilli  moUlflimi  (bbd* 
liffime  extenduuc  &  ficcant 

a.  hlTUME^ ^  fiuidum  Qraffius.     Petroleum.    Sp.  ttfi^ 
Biumen   iigvuliufcUlum ,  fufcQ  rufefcens  >  .  von  Lihn6 

109.  a. 
Petroleum.    Cronstedt  148*  1# 

;Svcth. 

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t>^  )  o  (  H^  ft 

Sreth.  Berg  -  oljA 

Gall.  HuiLE  Petuole.     v*  De  Bom^re  ii.  254. 

Petrole- 
Germ-  SteinoL 

Eft  oleum  minerale  craifius ,  oleo  craflt(M-i  asqvale^ 
odore  fete  Terebmtbina  ^  vel  potins  oleo  fuccini  aeqvale^ 
iapore  acido  ftnGtxznti^  fpiritui  vim  ^  dum  purum  eft,  in- 
nacans ,  in  Jgne  flamma  c»rulca  ilagrans  ;  cuin  tempore 
odorem,  confiilentiasi)  &  colorem  perdens ,  fit  nigrefcens 
piceum. 

(a)  Petroleum  flavefcens. 

Eft  levins  ,  maxime  volatile.     Afodena  ItalicB^ 

(h)  Petroleum  ruhefcens  vclfiave  rubens^ 

Eft  gravius.    Ad  Gabian  in  Gallia ,    &:  in  Alfatia^. 

Obf.  De  hoc  priori  oleo  fcripfit  Bovillbt  in  Memoirefur 
r  Husk  de  Fetrolc  en  general  if  particulieremen$  fitr  celle  de 
Gabian.  De  pofteriori,  Jo.  Th.  HbBFFEL  in  Hifloria  Bah 
fimi  mineralii  Alfaticij  C  Pctrolei  vaHii  ftli  Lamberti 

(c)  Petroleum  mgr^/?«ny,  vel  fufce  rufefcens^ 
Prioribus  gravius,  frcqvcntius   &   occurrit.       Anglian 
Italia^  Gallia^  R'ittmkj  Dalecarlia  in  &ueciay   ubi  in 
cavemulis  lapidis  calcarei  hofpitat^    vel  fub  glohulis 
calcareis.  cfr.  Tilas  in  j^H.  Stpcki?*  ^740.  p.  ^oj. 

Obf.  I*  PetrokumrepQTitnt  alibi  in  rlmis  montium  fluens;  ut 
in  Alodena  halite ;  alibi  ipfis  lapidibus  vel  faxis  plus  mi- 
nus infenfibiliter  immixtum.  In  igne,  Interdum  &  calora 
folari  aut  fubterraneo,  exfndans;  alibi  terra  mixtum  &  in 
eadem  profluens ,  qvod  oleum  terra  appellari,  ft)let ;  /tlihi 
aqvis  ionataoscum  iisdem  profluens;  ut  xnfonte  ardent^ 
fctce  Catbarina  ad  EcoJJe  in  Scotia  &c. 

Olf.  a.  Per  Deftilktionem^  qva  referente  ^J'eumanno  Edit» 
Kcffel  Fol.  IK  P.  L  p'  930.  dlfficultcr  inftituitur,  tranftil- 
lat  a  petroleo  aliqVod  pblegma^  hoc  feqvitur  oleum  ^  qvod 
non«  fine  additamento «  colorem  mutat*  In  retorta  relin« 
qvicur  outerta  nigra  terreflris  ^  qvanticate  differens,  prout 
petroleum  plus  vel  minus  purum  fuerir.  Hsec  reli^a  ma« 
mia  ooudufli  plene  ett  explorata }  ab  Henckclio  autem  dtcitur 

elle 


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92  t>*  C  ^  )  ^ 

cCTe  calcareAf  qv»  poft  deftillatloiwn  omniuiti  bitumlnum 
mineraihim  relinqvitur*  ctr«  Henckel  ia  MetalL  redh^ 

ObC*  3'  Ufuf  pctrolei  eft  vnrttm  ad  larppadea  &  ijnein  alen- 
dum  lib!  majorl  rcperitur  copia,  uc  in  Perfia,  referente 
K^MPFER  !♦  c.  partim  in  artilUria  ad  igue*  artificiofos 
coDcipieodos;  an  hinc  Ignix  gr^cur^  in  roedium  Velinqvi^ 
mus  ;  partim  ad  fumigatorta*  KiVlEit  dicic  petroleum  loco 
Uponii  ufurpari  pofle,  &  ad  G^tum  repenri  truftula  refi- 
nofa,  qvibtis  mulieres  loco  faponis  utuntnr,  fed  reftejif. 
dicat  VOGEL  in  M^  5.  p.  SM-  hujusmodi  rcfinofii  froftuU 
efle  mixta,  atqve  nf  purura  petroleum  confiderari  non 
pofle*  Van  Helmont  contendic  hoc  oleum  gaudere  v| 
infij^ni  ven-js  fngus,  &  nemtnem«  hoc  olea  inunftum^  in- 
tenfiflimo  licet  firigore ,  frigefcere  poflre«. 

s  Probe  vero  obfervandum ,  raro  genuinum  petroknm  fit  offi- 
cinis  pl^armaceHticis  repcriri ;  qvod  ibi  occurrit  plerum- 
qve  eft  adulteratum,  atqve  MEUMaNNO  judice^  nonnifi 
oleum  pini  aliqva  ratione  in  Hollandia  mutatum ,  Vei  aliud 
qvoddam  mixtum,  ab  oleo  athereo  terehhthina  cortl  all. 
qva  portione  petrole?.  n  Adulterium  veio  fpiritu,  vini  de. 
tejci  poteft,  qvo  folvitur  oleum  vegetabile  noa  vero  .mi- 
nerale. 

3.  BITUMEN  yigwe,  crajfum ,  nigrum^     Maltha.     Sp. 

Kedria   terreftris.     j^xungia  ternt^ 
BUumtn  tenaxy  nigrum,     v.  LiKwe  110.  3. 
Pefroleufn  tenax.     CuoNsrEDT  149.  B. 

SvctB.  BergtiSra 

Gall.    POIX    MINERALE    OU  MALTHA.       V^    De    BoMARB 
II.    2^7.  . 

Gently  Bergtheer 

Eft  confiftentia  cr afla ,  tardc  vel  non  fluens ,  tenax, 
iiigrum.  KedrifiB  haud  diflimile,  in  ignc  flagrikns  odorc 
forti  ingrato,  foam  ob  fegnitiem  vel  tcnacitatem  corpori- 
bus  adhsercns;  infpiffatiiJne,  qvcmadmodwra .  &  cum  tempo- 
re in  picem  mutabile. 

(a)  Maltha  ,  tarde  fluens. 

Eft  craffa ,  tenax  ad  rubedinem  indinans ,    tarde  flu- 

ens^     Darmemora  in  Uplandia. 


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f>i  (  o  )  K|     '  93 

(b)  Maltha  ,,  unax. 
H«c  non  flucns,   maxime  vcro  tenax,  pici  artjficiali 
omnino  funili$.     Norberg ,  in  IVejimarmia^  Dannemo. 
ra.   Helvetia. 

OhL  !•  Maltha  fluent  rcpcritur  in    Auvergne  in  Gallia^  ut  v. 

lit  BoMaRE  /•  C'  rctcrt/  la  Leberthalin  Helvetia  adhibetorad 
inuogeados  currus,  cfr.  KOncg  regn.mneraL  p.  385.  Pro- 
pe  Btckal  io  biberia  reperiuotur  4  iooces  lea  putei  (ulpburei^ 
ubi  a  mari,  in  coulinio,  evoraitur  pix  tenax ,  qv»  colli- 
qvatur,  &  fub  liqvacione  defpumacur,  poftmodum  vero 
ad  iampades  conficlendas  adhibetur«  cfr*  GmeliN  fter  Si* 
her.  in  SaPiViiung  Het(e  zu  lVa£ir  uni  Lande.  J\  l^L  p* 
516.  Rdert  d5r  K/EMPFER  1.  c.  oleum  nigrum  qvod  repc" 
YKur  in  Peninsula  Ukefra  ad  ^osdem  ufus  adhiberi*  Coid^ 
merooratur  qvoqve,  in  locis  orientalibus  &  domut  & 
naxigia  hiice  oleis  imiogi ,  «^vaiiter  ac  ut  apud  nos  Ke 
stria  fieri  folet*  Andqviores  an  maltha  tenaci ,  loco  cae- 
menti,  vel  in  mixtura  caementi  ufi  fuerint,  & «    an  turrii 

'  £akelica  bujusmodi  camento  exftruda  fuerit,  in  medio  re- 
lioqvimus-  Makba^  qv2  ex  infula  Barbados  In  Angiiam 
transporcatur',  vocatur  pix  harbatica.  Conflat  &  ab  iti- 
Derariis  picem  mari  nwrtuo  innatantem  craflam  &  tenacem 
efle. 

Oht  a.  Si  maUU  fluens  cvaporctur  &  tenacior  coUIqveiur, 
ad  fundtim  tieponitur  ctauior  materia  qvs  inftar  picis  Tub- 
fifiic,  fuper  eandem  vero  oleum  purum,  Mroleo  obfcuriori 
qvani  maxime  a&qvale  reperitur.  Hinc  elucet,  maltbam  eiTe 
petroUum  craffms  nigrum^  plurimis  particulisferytfy?riiii/ cora- 
mixtuo ,  &  ab  eadem  picem  Cormari,  unde  &  pleruroqve 
in  unoeodemqve  loco  reperiuntur,  Difftrunt  itaqve  mpbtba^ 
petroleum  &  maltha  (a)  ratione  puritatis  partis  vleo(ii  feu 
phic^i(tic£  materia?,  (byratiooe  materia*  heterogeneas  plus' 
iBious  admixtae,  (^cj  xatione  confillehtiae, 

Ob{.  ).  Tarn  foetidum  ob  odorem,  qvam  tenacitatem,  eft 
hoc  bitumen  k  Germanise  Teufelsdreck^  h,  e.  Stercus  Diabolic 
vocatum  ;  qvod  non  cum  aja  foetida  contundi  debet,  qvae 
etiam  ab  iisdem  Teuf'eUdreck  vocatur,  (k  exinde  a  noftra- 
tibus  Dyfveisdrcck. 

4*  BrruMEN  ybWiiOT  ^  coagulatum^  friabile  Asphalt  um. 

Spec*  ^63. 
Pifafpbgltttm  NotN^au  Bitumen  judaicum,  Karabe  Sodoma. 


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94  iw  >  o  C  «1: 

Mumia  mineralis.    Fix  montana. 

Bkumen  fubfriabiU  piceum.     v.  Linh6  i  io.  4,  5. 

Petrokum  induratUm.    Crosstedt  150/  C^ 

SvetK  Bergbeck.     Judenbeck 

.-      Gall.    ASPHALTE  OU  blTUME  DE  JUD^E^    V,  De  fiOMAa& 
.  !!•   263. 

Gerin.  BEacpECH*   Judenpech 

Eft  bitumen  folldum ,  d  fole ,  tempore  vel  igne  coa* 
gulatum ,  nitens  fradura,  &  atro  colore  fplendens  ,  fragile 
&  facile  pulrerifabile  ,  aq^vis  innatans ,  in  igne  fumans  & 
fiagrans  odore  faccinco. 

(a^  AsphaLtum,  purum. 

Hoc ,  in  tefta  fcorificatoria  in  igne  ,  vel  carboni  ignito 
inje£ium  t>rinio  fumat  odore  fuccineo ;  mox  liqvefcit 
&  flagrat  Clara  flamtna,  nihil  refidifi,  nullosqve  cine* 
reS)  veL  impurhatis  poft  deflagrationem  relinqvens» 
Damemora  in  Uplandia.    Brmberget  in  Weftmannia. 

(b)  AsPHALTUM,  iwpurmu 

Minus  nitcns ,  faepe  &  granulate  apparet ;  in  igne  /b« 
mat  odore  faccinco  &  flagrat  ut  prior  varictas  ,  poft 
deflagrationem  vero  relinqvit ,  qvafi  coUiqYatam  cru'- 
flam  fcoriactam.  Mosgrufvan  in  fTeftmannia^  ^fpbal- 
turn  officinale  ejusdem  indolis  dcprehendi.  Qvod  re- 
peritur  in  Comitatu  Neufcbatel ,  fufcura,  granulare,  de 
codem  traftavit  Eirini  de  Heirimis  in  Diff.  fur 
tAfphalte  ou  cament  natural  iiecouvert  au  VaHr avers 
dans  le  comth  de  NeufcbateL  > 

OJa  '•  Non  negare  volo,  dari  afphaUum .  qvod  referente 
Mbumanno  edit.  Zjmmerm^  p*ia5i  ad  ignem  non  liqvr- 
fcit,  fed  fumat,  ac  qv«fi  in  pulverem  i^-mnf  ,  tu mo  facile 
ab  igne  admoto  accenfibili ,  qvod  &igoi  imporitum,fuf/> 
vel/frn  inftar  ignitur,  ab  igne  vero  remotum  &  frige* 
faSum  in  pulvcrcm  abit.  Perfvafum  etenim  nobishabemus 
dati  nmnino  afphaltum  aliis  mifteralibiis  ac  terreiscorporibus 
plus  vel  miau2>  Quxtunu  Mefcio  autetn  aonoo  hocce  aNsu- 

MAWNO      ' 


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jffANKo  dercriptum  afphaltum,  major!  jure  appellandun 
iuvfa  bituminiSa  vel  terra  Utuwsnofa^  qvam  pix  miner  alts  ^ 

Qvod  10  fodina  d^nefaartnji  reperitur  afphaltum ,  poft  de- 
flagiailoQem  relinqvens  materiam  qvafi  Brftfrnvel  fiftulo- 
Jam,  haiid diffimilem  materiae^  qVam  dcfcribit  Schbuchzbk 
in  bRucKMANNi  Magn.  D.  T.  It  p>  59.  videtur  eH'e 
afpbaitum  fubeti  montano  mmixtum  ;  faepiffirae  eteuimia 
haic  tbdioa/a^  mamoBum  afphaUo  mixtuoi  repcritur. 

Off.  a.  Keyeriixxr  itfpbaltum^  vel  'afjvif  imatani  ut  in' mart  mof" 
tuo  &  plurimis  lacubus  in  China;  vel  layidibus  adfixum, 
ur  in  noftris  fodinis  fvecaais  otiminat is ;  vel  terra  mtxtum. 
qvae  pofteriotefs  Varietates  nfpialta  fnjjilia  appellari  folent! 

A  mai'i  morttw  olim  ajphajti te  vocgto  y  qvod  hoc  iitumini 
eft  tere  teaum  ,  fuum  nomen  habet.  IpfumVero  hoc  mare 
w  locum  deflagrata?  terrae  qVinqve  urbium  feu  Pentapolis. 
cflc  produauro,  hiftoria  tam  facra  qvam  profana  refert* 
cfr.  Ger.XlK  &  Esdrnt  11^,  Accolae  hujus  maris  divea" 
dunt  hoc  bitumen  ad  Damnfcum,  uhi  ad  tingendam  lanam 
JdMbenar,  cfr.  Hassblqvist,  ifiW.  p>^;79. 

Okf.  3.  Cbemice  examinacum  a/pbalttim  feqventi  te  hab?.t 
modo. 

C^J  ASpMtu  wni  Qon  folvitur,  Bill  ille  fpiritus  cum  qUo  vu 
tTiob  mifceatur. 

(b^  Ab  okfs  deftillatif,  utpolc  ani/t^  ierelMina,  nec  n6ii 
ab  ckir  exprejjii^  ut  oleo  oihvaraiw  folvitur,  fed  plus  mintis, 
prout  magts  vel  minus  purutn  &  ab  beterqgeneis  admlxtis 
liberum  hicrin  Hinc  &  cum  pice  artificiali  bene  commf* 
fceti  i  oteft,  |d  licet  ncga 1 1)  a  i.  e  c  k  a  ai  p  i  u  s  i  n  Muf.  MetalU 
Jlirtruand'  f.  369.  qvae  mix tura  merho  pififtbaltiwi   voca- 

.  tur,  iltqve  k  nounuUis  Uinmen  arahicum,  cfr.  AHi  Nat^ 
Curioj:  VoU  !•  Appendix  p.  150*  DifTerentia  vero  utrius- 
qvcpft:// detegftur/j>imtf  viniy  qv'o  pix  arcificialis  adma- 
gnam  partem  dillblvi  potcft ;  pix  vero  naturalis  flavum 
uantparcotem  iaduCere  eidem  fpiritui  cblorera  ,  non  vero 
ab  eodem  folvi. 

(c)  Per  d<fiiUanon€fn  praebet  cfphaltum  primo  phlegma^  qvod  ' 
(eeondum  experimenta  Urb.  Hisrnb  in  Fentam.  Chem. 
II'  p.  83-  urinofo  fmdet  faporc,  praecipitat  dercurium  fubti' 
matum  colore  ^bo;  t\nz\tffrupum  violarum  colore  viridi  ; 
deiode  ptodit  oleum  ^S  %  partes  totius  maffae;  refiduum. 
nec  cum    acidis   elfervclcic  ^  ^c  jjrupum  'violarum  tin^it* 

Stcua- 


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95  fc«ro)Ki     ^ 

Secut&dum  cxperimenta  C.  Nivmanni  ed^  Zimmerm^  p,  5S«, 
prodit  ab  afphalto  primum  parum  pblegmatis  ,  deiode  oleum. 
qvod  abafpbalci  uociis  qvacuor  oponid  ad  tres  drachmas 
obcinuic,  petroUo  xqvsiie  y  Ced  mvAtuta  cmpyr^umaticum.  Rt" 
fduum  poodiere  uociarum  3?  igoe  aperto  calcioaCuin ,  pr»- 
bet  f  per  elixivatioiieoii  qvidpiam/a/fx  alkalini^  fcihcec  ad 
>  noaaulU  graaa« 
.Dacur  vcro,  juxta  aUorum  experiiAsnta  etiain  arpbdbnmqvoA 
odore  fulphureo  gaudet,  &  •leum  praebet^  k  qvo  acida  fe. 
parari  poteft  aqva ,  qvae  cum  iaU  alkalino  contrita,  exbl* 
bet  tar Ur urn  vitnoUtum  ;  ipfum  licet  afphaltum  cum  fptritu 
nitri  glaubehaao  cffervefcat*  cfr,   VoObl  Syfttm.  Mineral. 

His  exp«riiDentis  elucet,  l:o,  non  omnem  picem  mtneraUm  e«- 

dem  ejje  puritate^  qvum  alia  varietas  nihil    refidui    prabet, 

alia  aliqvid,  alia  porro  plurlmum,    oode  &  caufaeftma- 

nlt'efta  cur  i  diverfis  .varietatibus  dlvcrfa  promanaac  e- 

.     duda* 

Elucet  &  ft:  do  u^laltwn  nihil  aliudeOe,.  qVam  yel  petrekwm 
coagulatum  •  vel  maltbam  infpiflatam  0  reliqva  vero  per  de- 
ftUlatiouem  eduda  cfle  aecidentalia. 

Obf*  4»  Bnlfamatimet  cadaverum  apud  antlqvos  praecipuc 
JEgyptios  ab  ^f^alto  puriorl  &  maltha  vel  pifdCpbalto  fa, 
fta  tuiffe  indicant  Mumla.  Negari  vero  non  poteft,  qvas^ 
dam  bAliamatioues  nobilioruro  &  regum  faftas  fuifTe  pecnliari 
Varictatc,  qvae  Mumia  nativa  perfica^  feu  Mumia  minerdif 
appellari  folet ,  &,  quae  reperitur  in  Cancafi  montis  caverna 
in  Perfia^  ubi  ab  imperantibus  mlrifice  cuftoditur.  cfr. 
K^MPFBRi  Amoenit.  p.  516.  Hassblquist  It.  p.  557 
'  Qvin  &  aliqvae  ball'amationes  opobaKamOy  mjrrba^  &  Aloif 
nnt  faftae,  nullum  eft  dubiuni-  De  baliamatiombus  Fete* 
rum.  ctr.  Mail  let  DeUript.  de  I'yEgypte.L.X.  Roubdlb 
in  Hift.  de  tAcadtm.  des  Sciences.  1750,  Db  CAYtus  la 
\}\  Hijl.  de  rAcad.  des  Itifcript.  T.XXllL  B1BI.10THEQUB 
des  Scienc.  ^  des  Art.  1.  IV,  p.  262.  &  T.  IX.  p.  »79' 
GoTT.  Skob,  iV.  C.  l^ol.  I.  Appendix. 

5.  BITUMEN   terra  mitieralifatum ^  foHdum^  friabile. 
Terra  bituminosa,  Spec,  264, 

Turfn  ViOntana  ^  j^mpelitis.  VhoffrK^is. 
£ituvien  buir.i  turf  a.  v.  Link^  ho.  6. 
legetatilia  letrolcofeu  aj^baUo  impragnata.  Cronst,  1S6. 

5vcth. 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


t«  C    O    )    «}:  97 

Sveth.     Bergbecksjord*    Bergtorpdj^       Bititminos 

JORD 
Gall.       BiTUME     MELEfi     A     hK      TERRE     OU    T£RR5 
TOURBE    BITUMINEUSE.       V.     De    BoMARE    II,    -6 1. 

Germ,     Bergpecherdb^      Bergtorf.      BitumincIsb 
EaDE 

Eft  terra  diverfa  indole ,  colore  ftifco  aut  nigro  ,  bi- 
toniine  vel  petroleo    impraegnata  ,    recens    in  igne  mcVius 
flagrans  ,  odore  bitutninofo  ,  minus  vcro  ficcata,    multu:n 
'«leo&  fub  exficcatione  perdens. 

(t)  Terra,  bituminosa,  bumacea^  piaoria.     Umbra. 

Mumia  "oegetabilis.      CroHstedt  ^gy.  lit.  b. 
Eft  haec  terra  defcripta  in  clajfe  i ;  ma  ord.  i :  mo   gentu 

ixmo.   Spec.  J.   Tom. L  p.  IS. 
fb^  Terra  B1T17M1N0SA  ,   bumacea^    putverulenta* 
Hsc  non  cohaBrens,  nee  piftoria,  in  igne  flagrat,  odo^^ 
re  bituminofo,  ficcata  in  pulvercra  abit.  Alfatia.  cflr, 
DAViiA.  Rujia* 

^c)  Teara  BiTUMiNosA,  tutfacea. 

Gteba  groLianopolitana.     Wormii  Muf. 
Twrfa  par^o  fiu  afpbaUo  irnpragntUa.     CKomt  tot 

Eft  limo  aut  turfs  fimilis^  colore  furco  aut  njgroi  fplida^ 
granulari  adfpeQu ,  interdum  &  cefpitofa^  tenax  & 
itacohaerens,  ut  in  fruftula  qvadrata,  aut  alia,  exficca* 
tione  formara  retinentia,  ficcari  poflit,  recens  me- 
lius in  igne  ftagrans  odore  bituminofo.  Scania  irt 
Svecia^  Zurich  in  Helvetia,  cfr.  BruckmAn  Magn^ 
D.  T.  II.  p  57^  in  Ddphinatu  ad  GratianopoUm  eft, 
WORMH   Muf. 

C^)  Terra  BitaMiHOSA  ,  fijjtiis  argillma, 
jlmptlitis     AgRicola.      Pbarmnciiis. 

Eft  terra  fiflilis  ,  porofa,    argillacess  indoUs ,    atrbl  du* 
rior,    alibi  molliori     in  igne  flagrans,     odore  bitu- 
Tim.  H  Q         '  miuo* 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


98  ««  C  o  )  H^ 

Ininofo,  plus  minus,  pro  majori  tcI  minori  qvanti- 

tate  petrolei  inhasrentis;  Baurin.  cfr.  Davila.  II.  p. 

6o2.  No.  9.      In  monte  Hiblees  in  Sicilia  i^dJEtnatn. 

BoccoKE  Reob. 
(c)  Terra  bitumikosa^  arenacea^  auifalulofa. 
£lt  arena   aut  fabulum,  petroleo  velafphalto  imprasgnai^ 

turn.  cfr.  Davila.  i.  c* 

6.  BlTlJMEl^  lapideum ,  Jchifto  vel  aliis  terris  tnixtum  (f 
induratum.   LithantRax.  5pcc.  atfy, 

Carbo  fojfiliu    Noi^NULtoRUM 
Bitumen  fMftofum.     v.  Linn^  hi.  7. 
fhlogifton  argilla  mixtunh  Cronstedt  158. 
Sveth,  Stenka^l 

Gall.  ChaRbon  de  liERRE^  ou  HoUiLLE.     V.  deBo- 
mAre  II.  249. 

Germ.    StElNKOHLEN 

Eft  lapis )  plus  minus  duriis ,  ifaepius  fragilts  ^  colo^ 
re  nigro  vcl  fufco,  intcrdum  folidus,  interdum  lamellofus, 
ignem  tardc  concipierts^  Ted  diu  rctincHs  &  intenfum  produ- 
censcalorem,  cum  fumo  &  odore  afphaltino;  poft  defla- 
grationem  relinqvens  aut  cinerts  ^  ^tit  materii^m  fpongiofam 
fcoriacedm^  aut  maceriam  nigram  y^i/^moya;;^  ^  qvafi  carbo- 
naceam^ 

(a)  LiTHANtRAx  ligneus. 

Eft  genuinum  lignum  vegctabile  ^  fui$  fibris  ,  cifcUiis 
concentricis ,  nodis^  cortice  facile  dignbfclbile,  qvid 
petroleo  eft  penetratum.  U^urttmherg.  Boferup  in 
i>cania^ 

Ohs"  Hsc  vatietas  pf oprie  ad  eUffem  ^^m  referenda ,  fed  at 
reliqvaa  inter  litb/iuthracis  varietates  in  ftratis  montiuoi 
occurrit ,  eandem  iuqve  heic  nominate  voluimus. 

(b)  LitHANTRAx  terreus. 

Eft  levis ,  iragilii ,  ignem  faciU  coHcipt^ns  ^  fed  mU 
nus  vivaciter  ardens ;  occurrit  in  ftratis  rninu^  pro* 
fundis  J  galliee  vocatur  cbarbon  de  terre.  Scania. 

(c) 

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^e)  LiTrtANTRAx   petrofus. 
Eft  folidus,  durior^  gravis ,  nitefls  ^  fed  ttiiilils  pingvis^ 
tafdc   atdcHs ;  gallice  vocatur  cbarbon  de  pierre^     Oe* 
landia^     ff^e/tpbalia^     jiqvisgrani  itt  Germania^     4n^ 
gUa. 

Vocatuf  p^oprie  fchifius  cathdnariut  ^  conftat  liirtlUi 
craffioribus  vcl  tchuioribus  ^  fchifio  qvam  maxime  fi* 
inili$)  pleturnqvie  .fimul  almnmoAis.  CullerifeH  iii 
DalecarUa^    Scania. 

CO   LltHANtRAX  ptVto^* 

Eft  maxima  piiigvis  &  eompaftuj  ^  diii  ignem  faftiflet^ 
eundemqvc  magnum  ^  pici  flinili^  ,  pdlicuram  ariqvan« 
da  admittit;  4  nonnullis  mpelites  vocatur;  ab  jin* 
glis  Kennel  CoaU    Lambaft&r  k  flintlhin  in  Jnglia. 

Ob/erwiioms  circa  Uthanthraces  ^  petrokm^  tnaU 
thorn  &  afpbaltm. 

Oi/1  t*  ReperiudtUf  lithaothraces  In  ftfatU  terranim  &  mon- 
tiura  diVerfae  Craflitiei,  fcilicct  albi  cralTitie  a  aut  3  poll 
alibi  40  &  ultra  ped.  plerumqve/ri&f/fo  tefti  alilsqve  7?ti* 
ti>  iiuraeropluribus, /trf/!4^W/*  dtgtilateis  aliisqVCi  rarlus, 
fi  unqvam^  in  ^,enis^  ovantum  nobis  notuni)  dccurfunti 
cfr*  TfelE\)«?'ALD    in  AB.  Stotkk   Aum  174O1 

O^t  ft»  h  Aift  qvidpiam  exhalant  lithanthtae^^^  fitnut  ^ 
perdunt  de  materia  (\ia  inhammabili^  ujide>  li  diu  a^rifue* 
rint  cxpofiti ,  ioprlmls  lithAnthfacti  tefrei  ^  nod  eadeAl  vi* 
vacitate  igaem  Concipiunt  &  fuftinent  ut  recenieSk  S«* 
pe  iguemrponte  concipiunt,  ac  fumnm  praebent  inflamma* 
bilcin*  Ad  lioc  eXhalantfe/wwo,  c^vi  in  fodinis  lithaathri^ 
cum  reperitur,  producitur  file  ignh,  qvi  tartta  cum  cele- 
Htate^  Viotentia  &  exploRonei  candela  Vel  Igde  admo^ 
to ,  accenditur  &  moraentadee  deflagrat  >  fumo  vijt^ili  re- 
Ijfto,  qvstfi  k  litbantbtaeibus  ComhuHi&^ck  HeRGER  in  Btpb. 
KMCBH  vott  Steinkoblen.  UkB-.  HiltRlte  de  calbrc  ^  i^m. 
p.  i9h   ftOT  BiP.  A-  111.  pag.   i4i» 

O  %  Obi. 

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lOO  fc><  C  o  )  wt 

ObC.  3*  Igm  apertOf  in  tefta  fiarificatofU^  in  furmo  docin^ 
ftico  plurSoias  lithantbracuoi  varietates  cxaiQiaavinius  & 
feqveotia  obfervavimus  phsoomeaa., 

(a)  LiTHANTHRAX  UGKEUS,  Scanenfis.  de  ligno  Vcgetabill 
&  qvidem  yiif  0,  qvod  exail'e  fua  ftruftura  retert,  to  igaet 
primo /«m/it,  deiode  vero  ftadm  flammain  coacipit,  fiinul 
vero  tntumt^cit,  eadem  ratfone  ut  alumen  vel  borax^  particu* 
lis ,  asqvaiiter  ut  ifihs  in  Ikiibus ,  cohsrentibus ;  deflagra. 
done  fafta^  diu  ignitae  permaoeDt  reliqvke,  qvs  fenlioi 
diminiuintur,  urqve  dum  pauxilum  dc  eintre  faXcoMmiffi*  , 
mo  refiduum  fueriC  Ab  uncia  Umis  honim  lictiaDtUracum, 
obtiDUimus  noniiifi  fijana  a  cinerupi^  qvi  cam  acidii  miaera^ 
itbuj  noQ  effervefcuoc ,  qvod  omoioo  mirum  videtur«  H* 
qvidem  in  durioribus  vegetabilibus  praefens  omaino  terra 
calcarea ,  nee  non  magoa  qvaaticis  tdlu  alkalint  ab  iisdem 
combuftis  haberi  folet. 

^b)  LiTHANTHRAX  FissiLis,  etlaitt  Ccanenfif^  primo^- 
mat^  deind^  cum  Hatnma  flagrat,  pofl  deflagratlonem  diu 
Ignitus  pcriHanet,  rolinqvens  tandem  terram  dbamlcnem  if 
[ubtsUm^  pandere  gran,  ig,  eX'Uncia  [emit  litbanthracum, 
qvx  cum  acidii  non  effervefcit,  licet  qvam  maxime  (imi 
lii  terrae  calca%€a  vel  Cfetacca^  nec  ab  iiidea  feafibiliter 
folvitur, 

(c)  LiTHANTHRAX  PtTROSuS ,    eX  Scotia  \    fomat,   flam- 

mam  coocipit,    iutumeCcit  ut  litbanthrax  ligneus,  fed  poft 

deflagrationem  &  ignitionem  relinqvit  partim  majfam  nigrum^ 

porofam^  qvaii  tcoriaceam  ^  purftici  fere  (imilem,  partim  dm- 

resgtikof^qvas  refidua  conianftinieranr   poadere  Ccfupuli 

miuSf  ex  uncia  temis  lithanthracum;  neutrum  vero  ex  his 

refiduiSf  Cum  acidis  minerahbut  movebatu^     KURELLa  ia 

Chem^  i^eri*  dicit,  k  refiduo  hocce  (toriaceo  cum  aqva  re 

git  Hz  cum  aqva  farti ,  martiaUf  extrahi  polTe  particulas,  & 

ab  iisdem  cum  minfianmabili  ateria  mixtis  &  caicioatis,  cum 

magnete  verum  feparari  pofle  ferrum;  cum    vitro   (aturnino 

ea^^dem  fcorias  commixtas  vitrum  producere  fufcum,  falva  . 

[>eilucidate.    £x  hif  exiftimat  nominatus  auftor,  hocce  re  * 

iiduum   conriderari   poiie  ut  argillaczum  qVid,    particulis 

marcjalibus  impraegoatum. 

(d)  LithaNTHRaCES  boru/Jtci.  relinqvuQt  poftcombuftkuieni 
cinercf  rubros  fubtiles,  ctr.  BresL  Samml*  ijlS*  ^ulii  art. 
Xll^  qvi  cin^res  eUisdem  efle  indolis  vidcatur  cum  illls 
qvi  ^  litbantbrace  fijjili  r//>.  b*)  obcinentur,  commixi  cmn 
martiali  materia,  vude  rubedinem  babent. 

e)  Li- 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


rwCo)Kf  lot 

ie)  tiTHANTHRAClS  qvi  io  diftrlftu  Naffaulenji  reperiuntur, 
diciincur  inr  Hiji.  de  l^  Acad^  de  Paris  1750,  poft  deflagrado- 
nem  &  ignitiooem  relinqvere  carbonem^  carboni  vegetabilium 
omiuao  «q\raleinf  fed «  an  hi  carbones  debitutn  &  ad  A- 
nem  igaitioni^  luftinuariac  igQem»  dubito*  . 

CO  CaSP.  NeumaN  ed.  Zimmerm-  p.  1^53.  dicit  litbanthracum 

^  ,:i  L.i.  ^olt calcijiatiooem  ponderafle  uncmm  unam, 
drachmas  6  &  grana  16,  a  qvo  refiduo  per  elixiviationem 
habuit  falii  fixi  graua  7,  Sed  nee  ego  nee  Kurella 
1.  c,  qvoddam  veftigium  faJIs  alkaliDi,  repetitis  experi- 
mentis  iavenire  potuinius,  ne  qvidem  terrae  calcarea?.  Exi- 
ftiiDaiDus  lithanthracem,  qvem  examinavit  NeumanNus, 
neqvaqvam  Urhanthracem  fuilFe,  fed  vel  pyrtten  dertru- 
dum,  vel  fcbijli  qvandani  fpeciem,  vel  allum  lapidem, 
fiqvidem  deftillationti  nihil  oiei  ab  eodem  obtinuit,  fed  ii- 
qvorena  fulphureum  &  fulphur  fiavutn  fubllmatum* 

Olf.  4  Actentione  ^ntno  aigna  videtur  eircumftantia,    qva 
iionnullae  g;audenc  lithanthracuna  varietates,  in  igne  intu- 
mefcentety  aJuminit  injlarj  qvam  antehac  nemluem  obfervjfle 
deprebendi.    Liccat  heic  noftram  adfcrre  hac  de  re  proba- 
bilem  fencentlam.   Qyum  fcbiflus  aluminaris  omnino  iuiiam- 
nabilis  ae  faepius  iguem  coneipieos  &  alen^  exiftat,  qvunn 
A  Istbantbracff  faepe  alumlne  irapraegnati,  atqve  tam  Ikhan- 
fhraces   qvaoi  fchiftus   aluminaris  plerumqve  in  uno  eo- 
demqve  diftriau  reperiantur;  fiqvidem  porro  terra  litban^ 
tbracwm^  in   qvantum  cxperiri  potuimus,  raaximam  habeat 
convenieociam  cum  Urra  lapidis  fibifti  &  cum   terra  alumi* 
«f/,  unde  &  in  fodiois  tegumentum  Itthanthracum   ilapi* 
defcbijlo  efle  folet;  videtur  his  circumftant'is  &  momentis 
COQcludi  pofie  proprietatem  illam  tntumejt''.ndi  ab  eadm  terra 
nemps  aluminif  vel  lapid'is  fcbijii   dependere;    eandemqve 
Urram  effe  c  at  ear  earn  ^  fed  ab  admixto  pingvi^  if  aJiis'materiif 
omnino  transmutatam.    iJaltem,  hoc  perfpicuum  elle  videtur 
ab  lis  litbanchracibus,  qvi  irrefragabilitertoriginem  ducunt 
i  duriortbos  vegetabiiibus  terram    ealcaream  reipfa  conti- 
nentibus,  a  qvibus  tamen   nulla  cum  acidis  eflfervef  ens 
terra  obtinetur.  efr.  Obferv*  circa   fcbiftum    Clajf.   9.  jj*.  6a. 
Okfi  2.  tf  Qbf.  area  tUumeu  §.  90.  Obf.  4. 

Olf.  5.  Quemadmodnm  ftib  deflagratione,  &  in  igne  aperto 
diverfinode  ie  habent  lichaatbraces ;  fic  &  igne  claujh^  jo 
defiillatiombus. 

x:o.  Alii  litbanthracef  fyb  deftiUationc  prabent  (a)  prim 
fbkgma,  fea  fpirituofum    qvid,  indole   alkalina^  utpote  fa- 

6  z  pore 


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pere  acrl  amaFO,  odgre  fpiritos  fulig;in!i«  eflfervefceos  cum- 
^fidii^  ioprhnia  ciim  fpititu  nitric  (yfupum  violarum  lingeoa 
colore  viridi,  cum  calce  viva  cootritum  volatilcm  emit* 
tens  odorem ;  uode  alkalina  mlatilit  hujus  (^iritus  natura 
fufBcicnter  patet.  cfr.  HiEKNi^in  Tentam.  Chcm.  T.  II. 
f.7q.  &c,  Fkidr.  HoFfMANNi  Ohs.  Pb.  Ch.  L.IL  Obi. 
^Xir.  KuRELLA  I,  c.  (b)  Deindc  oleum  qvod  primum 
ftillat  tenue  ac  fubtile,  flavefccns,  pitroUo  xqvale,  fuc-^^ 
ceffive  vero  gravius  &  craflius  prodit  ♦  interdum  cdore 
gaudens  JUlpbureo,  iDterdum  cum  sak  tartars  contricum,  odo- 
rem  volatilem  fpargeos,  (oj  Tandem  provenit  okum  tenax^ 
craffum  &  piceutn,  qvod  plerumqve  collo  retorts  adbsret, 
edore  g:audens  empyreumitico  velfulp^wreo^  maltha  haud  difli- 
mile.  [d]  Cum  hoc  oleo  fubllmari  folet/o/  volatile^  qvod 
syrupi  vwlarum  colorem  non  niutat«  tamen  cum  W^o  tart  art 
f.  d.  qvodamnaodo  cffervefcit ,  ftmllirer  &  cum  ipirhu 
salts  ammoniaci  vinoso^  qvi  &  exinde  rubrum  fufcipic  co- 
Jorem,  cfr,  Hier^ne  1,  c,  Fi^,  Hof^ma>^  1,  c, 

9 ;  o .  Alii  UtbanthraceXi  primo  aqvam  acidularem^  deinde  jpiritum 
fulpbut€umUxg\wu\xt  ^  qvl  ftpore  &  odore  fulphureo  gau- 
det,  &  mxta  eRatum  ScnvLTzrt  ia  Gedanken  vonStcinkob^ 
lenp.^&  p.  96.  Colvit  omnia  metalla  eodem  Qiodo  ut 
fpiritus  virrioli;  pfflmodum  oleum  flavefiens  yoUt\le\  tandem 
fortiori  igne  oleum  grave  nigrum,  una  cum  sale  acido  volatili 
cfr,  ScHULTZ  1,  c,  &L  pR.  Hoffman"!,  c.  p.  «o4.  qvi 
comparat  Oil  hocce  cum/a/^^rr/nr,  Hujusmodi  lithanthra- 
ces  pyrkicojm   qvid  &  fulpbureum  contioere,  in  aprico  eft. 

3  .-o,  AHi  litbatitbracest]ie^dem  fere  eduAa  ut  indicavimujiprs- 

bcut,  fed  nnllum   fd  volatile  acidum^  ut  Kurella   exper. 

^  tus  eft  cum  littianthracibus  nonnujllis   anglicanis,    wettinen- 

'  fibur  &;  fiiefiacir.     Contendit   &  Neu  MAN  fe  nihil  hujus 

a^di  folit  iaveftigare  potuifle, 

4;o«  Caput  mortuum  poft  deftillationea  reliftum,  lofgoeapec* 
to  ignitur,  fed  non  fligrat  necfumat;  ulterius  calcinatumt 
pra^bets  per  elixiviationem,  aut  alumen^  juxta  experimentt 
Neumann  f,  &  alionim,  qvi  obfcrvaTunty^rf/w^jrtfw  qvod 
deponuQt  a<jvat  litbantkracina  ,  feu  in  fodinis  lithantbracum 
obviae,  baftn  alumints  conilituere  ;  mt  fal  feleuiticum^  juxu 
experimenca  Ukb.  Hi  erne  1.  c,  fcilicet  cryftallos  acu- 
minatas  feu  cufpidatas,  aqva  noa  folubiIes« 

Ab  his  experimentis  &  circumftantiis  patet,  omne  saHmtm  tana 
alMimmt  qvaoA  acidm  vokHle,  qQq  qvam  maxime  tMiri> 


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f)<  C  o  )  «*  *03 

kUtt  &  qvafi  alternare,  (klva  maneate  lithanthracum  natu- 
ra;  adeoqve  hxc  falia  oon  aliter  qvam  vt  accidentalh  con- 
fidcrari  poflc.  Sal  alkali  volatile  originem  forfan  habet  ab 
aUcdi  minerali^  qvod  in  terra  vel  lapide  cum  oleo  combi- 
n%tiUD  exiftic;  sal  actdum  volatile  ^  analogam  cum  sale  sue* 
cfW  habet  origioem,  &  heic  accideatalem ;  acidum  sulphtt- 
fcm  dependet  fine  dubio  \  pyrite  admixto  &  vitriolico  vel 
slwninoso  acido.  NoQ  alia  itaqve  partes  efjentiales  lithan- 
thracum eSe  po Hunt  qvam  o/(?ttOT  combinatum  ctim  Jjiiori 
vel  molliorl  terreftri  Cr  lapidta  materia^  vel  lignum  ve^etabile 
terra  fubmerflim  peaetraos^ « 

OJ/.  d.  Oleum  in  litbantbracibus  praefisns  non  cfle  diftinftum 
i  petroko  vel  oleo  in  maltha,  &  asphalto  prapfente  probata r, 
(a J  abaeqvali  tam  adore  qvaii\ /tf^or^^petrolei,  cum  tenuio- 
ri  oleo  qvod  ^  lithanthrc^cibus  obtinetur ,  &  i  petrolei 
degeneratione  in  maltbm^  atqve  malthas  in  arphaltum*  un- 
de  &  dependet,  qvod  petroleum ,  maltba  £^  aspbaltum  uno 
in  loco  plerumqve  reperiantur^  (b)  Ab  bprum  oleorum  aqva- 
li  indole  &  natuxa  five  deftillata  five  naturalia  examiuen- 
tur,Srqvidem  i  :o.,  ab  xqvali  indole  in  spititu.vini ^  in 
qvo  non  folvuntur ,  fed  eundem  tingunt  ffavo  colore,  t  :o, 
xqvali  &  habitu  in  oleis  exprejjis^  Inqy'ibus  folvuntur,  3  :o» 
aeqvall  n^tura  in  igne.  in  qvo  flagrant  odore  gravi,  f^d  non 
iograto,  fumo  nigro,  crafib.  4 ;  o.  Cum  spiritu  ni  tri  fumante 
flammam  non '  concipiunt ,  nee  ab  eoclem  aut  rel^vis 
^4is  mjn^raUbm  r^^niftcantietr^ 

Non  itaqve  ratione  olei  funt  difllnfta.  Petroleum ,  maltba 
aspbaltum^  &  Ittbantbrax,  fed  ratione  particularum  admixta- 
rum,  ac  terra  vel  lapidia  feu  matricii ,  qvibus  immixca& 
coojunfta  reperiuntun 

Obi.  7.  De  origine  bujuf  olei  If  litbanthfocum,  non  eadem  eft 
j^yficoniiA  i^uteotia^ 

Exiftimaot  plurimi^  lithanthraces  uihU  alind  eOe  qvam  Ugna 
vegetabilia^  qva  ab  acido  minerali  vitriolico  fuerunt  trans- 
mutata  ;  oleum  qvoqve  omne  minerale ,  non  aliud  qvam 
vegetabile^  k  qvo  tam  petroleum  qvamreliqva  corpora  bltu- 
minoCi  fuam  habent  originem.  Hanc  opinionem  conftrmare 
Itudent  [jk]  i  JlruElura  litbantbracum  Ugnea,  fcillcet,  fi^ 
bris,  ramis  &  rami^it  corttce  aliisqvecriteriis  vegetabUium 

EroprJis.   [b]  A  oarbonibus  pod  combuftiouem  reli&is,  car- 
onibus  vegctabiliura  fepe  aqvalibns.  [cj  Ajitu  If.  loco 
uatali;  Icilicet,  qva4  in  uno  eodemqve  monte  reperianciir 

G  4  limul- 


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104  {X  C  o  )  K| 

fimulfanef,  vigetakilia  ac  hgita  petrifcata,  &  lithMfhrnceu 
&  plerumqve  tenuiorum  vegetabilium  vefti^ia  feu  impref- 
liones,  fi  oca  in  lithantbrace,  tamen  iafcbiflo  lafide^  qvo 
fodiu»  lithanthracinae  funt  tcft^?.  dr,  Joh.  Gottl.Kru- 
gbr  von  Suinkohlen  p.  24.  (d)  Qvod  i  corporibus  mioe- 
ralibus  nullum  produci  qveat  oieum^  qvum  prinoipia  oor- 
porum  mineralium  huic  generation!  Ant  loidonea;  tiinc 
i^e)  nullum  corpus  vere  &  fine  controverfia  minerale  re* 
peritur,  in  qvo  qvidpiam  oleofi  demonftrari  poteft* 
Ab  his  momentls  tripiex  oritur  qvaedio, 

1 ;  o  ,  An  petroleum  orighem  haheat  ah  oleo  vegetahili^  &*  a  f ar- 
knnihus  vigetabilium ,  vel ,  vegetab'tlibut  aut  animalibut  deffru* 
cliff  annon  a  lit  Bant  braces  /  .  ^  oUumi  petrolio  habent  *{ 
Ad  lunc  qvseflionem  refpondemus,  oleum  minerale  ab 
oleo  vcget^bilt  viy  0mm  U-Ahp.re  originem  |^a)  qvia  oleum 
minerale  eft  maxime  diflinftum  ab  oleo  vegetabili ,  non  fo- 
lum  odore  &  fapore  ,  fed  etiam  particular!  indole  in  igne^ 
Infolubilitate  in  /piritu  vini  ^  (blubilitate  in  oleis  txpreffif 
&*  ddffilhtis  vejretabiliura,  mifcella  cum  fpirku  tdiri  fu^ 
tnantf,  ab^qve  flanfim^  &  absqve  red nificat tone ,  uc  ant- 
ea  ipnuiraus  (Obf,  6.  [b]  Reperitur  ea  qvantitate^  In  lithan* 
thracibus  ,  afpiialto,  maltha,  petroleo,  imo  gagate  &  fuc, 
ctno,  ut  now  pofTibilc  videatur,  qvod  a  deflruaif  vegcta- 
bilibus  depecdere  pofTit,  inprimis  A  confidecemus  fogenlem 
qvanHtarem,  qvap  qvotannis  confbmitur,  &  hucusqve 
per  qvater  mille  annos  eft  confumta.  [c]  Reperitur  lis  iq 
locis ,  utpote  ajpbaltum  in  lacubus  a/iatieis  &  alibi,  in  clau* 
ps  mnntibuf  &  fodinif ,  tthi  ne  veftigium  qvldam  deftru- 
dae  fylv«  cujusdam  apparet;  imo,  iis  in  locis,  in  men- 
tib'is  ac  fodinis  nempe ,  ubi  lapides  &  faxa^  ira  cnm 
maltha  vel  afphalto  combinata  funt,  ut  facile  perfpici  poflit, 
cadem  Amuitanee  eflfe  qvaft  concreta ,  adeoqve  ab  ipfis 
tere  incunabulis  montis  extitiflTe.  (d)  Per  experlmenta  cum 
fetroUo^  maltha^  afpbalto  &  litb^jntbracibus  inftituta,  nihil  de- 
prehendi  potsft,  qvod  proprium  regni  vegetabilis  did  po- 
teft.  (e)  Vegetibilia  In  terra  fubmerfa  fl  in  lithanthraces 
wutarentur,  proprium  retinendo  oleum,  id  non  fieri  pof* 
fet  Ane  alia  aliqva  materia  antecedente^  qvae  banc  transrouta* 
tionf m  olei  xef^etabilts  perficeret ;  cadem  itaqve  In  omn' 
afpbalto,  &  //l^mr^r«ir<feflet Temper  &  ubiqve  praelfens*  qvod 
tamen  experiaiantis  allafts  repugnat,  qvibus  elucct, 
&  acida  &  alkalina  elfe  tantum  accid^rualia  &  ad  effcn* 
tiam  ithiAthracum  nihil  contrlbuere  icfr.(Mi^f.\  [f]  Vi- 
gttHbilia  proprium  oleum  perdere  non  aliter  poffunt,  qvam 
^kX  evufo/stioacn,  qv4  oleum  di(Iipattir&  i  terra  adjacent^ 


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fH  (  0  )  K5  105 

abrorbefur,  node  vcgctabllia  non  poflbnt  non  deftnif,  nifi 
tibi  acc^lTerinc  bujusmodi  materiae,  qvibu/  vel  hituminifan^ 
tur  vel  petrificantur.  Saepe  alias  vegetabilia  permaaere  fu- 
lenC  incorrupta^  terra  fi  bene  fubmeria  fuerlot. 

ft  •  o ,  An  omnes  lithanthraces  confiderari  Pojfunt  ut  ^igetahiltA 
hituminifaU  i  Hoc  ipfum  eft  qvod  a  pluriniis  urgetur, 
qvi  provocant  ad  obfervationes  la  antecedeacibus  allatas. 
fed  contra  banc  opinfonero  obfervandum,  [skj  e^principia 
k  lithanthracibus  obtineri*  qvs  nunqvaai  in  vegecabilibus 
reperiuntur,  ut  patet  ab  aUo  qvod  non  eft  ve^etabile, 
&  k  hafitenea^  qvae  non  ubiqve  vegetabilis  cxiftit.  [bj 
Utbantbracet  reperiuntur,  faltem  ad  partem,  parum  di- 
fiiafti  kfcbi/lo  pingviort\  vel  fcbifto  aluminwi^  qvi  lapides 
vel  In  confialo  reperiuntur  vel  obtcgunt  lithanthraces* 
Cc]  yena  ^ pata  lUhanthracum  ejusdem  indolis  ac  natu- 
rae reperiuntur  cum  alils  venis  &  firatit  metaliicis^  onde 
patet,  priores  non   magis  accidentales  confiderari   pofle, 

3vam  pqfierUreSi  d'fl&culter  &  demonftrari  poffe,  venas  & 
rata,  ordinaria ,  a  vegctabilibus  conftife  congeftis,  produ^ 
cl  pofle,  Neminem  qvoqve  crediderim  fundamentaliter 
explicare  pofle,  cur  &  qvomodo  uno  in  loco,  ad  40 
pd.  craflitiem  fe  extcnderet  fylva  fuhmerfa^  alio  autem  la 
loco  nonnifi  ad  %  vel  3  poUices,  ut  &  uadenam  fadtunu 
qvod  in  uno  eoderaqve  loco  diverfa  fint  formata  ftrata, 
Jliis  ftratis  lapidels  interjedis.  Kxplicatlones  a  repetita 
revolutione  &  mutatione  geocofmi  defurotas,  qvis,  fin- 
cere  judicans,  aliter  qvara  ut  prccario  aflumtas  confide* 
nre  poteft  % 

Partem  veto  litbanthrdcum  deftruftls  vegetaWHbu<?  fuam  de* 
bere  orlgiaem,  circumftantispriusallatae  fufficienter  indicant: 

J  ;o,  Att  oleum  minerak  a  pmcipiss  miner althus  product  pote/t 
Ad  banc  qvaeftionem  rcfpondemus ,  naturae  non  magis  ad* 
verCiri,  in  regno  mmerali,  oka  producere^  qvam  inreliqvis 
regnif  naturs,  a  principiis  cuicunqve  regno  propriis, 
unde  &  diverfitas  olenrum  promanat.  OUa  funtcompollta 
i  materia  qvadam  hflammahsli.  mediante  acido  cum  4^1;*. 
combinato,  k  qvibus  principiis  in  regno  vcgetabili  olea 
producuntor ;  cur  ni  etiam  in  regno  minerali,  ubl  nemo 
negare  poteft  haec  princlpiaadeflc?  In  at/va  marina  datur  bi. 
tuminofa  &  pleoft  materia  qvpm  Ludv.  Barbbk lusin  Rod 
coitafOppJ.Filo/:  T.  41.  exiftimat  generari  k  faUmarino  & 
tifilari  (eufalh  agendi  W,  nos  vero  exiftim?«mus  producl 
ab  ipf:i  nqva^  fub  putrefaftione,  dum  materia  q-nrsdam  in* 
fmrnbiliSfmodAB^tQaQlio  combinator  cum  ^qva.      Hlnc 

G  Si  pro 


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lotf  ^    C  ^  )  ^ 

provenit,  qvod,  cum  afv^  efflorefcunt^  feu  fuim  (bbeant 
transmutaf ioneiD ,  Temper  oleum  teoiie,  aqvis  inaatans  ia- 
ftsr  cuticul*  reperiacur.  Noq  neceflTarlura  itaqve  arbi- 
tramur,  oleum  minerale  a  vegetabilibus  deducere,  nee 
neceflarium  ut  fupponacuc,  omne  oleum  minerale,  inpri- 
mo  rerum  flatu  iuiire  creatum,  qvum  hoc,  aeqve  ac  alia 
corpora  naturalia «  fu^im  &  geaeracioaem  cootiauam, 
fuamqve  &  deftruftiouem  habet^ 

//;/  omnilfus  cnncluiimus  \  mphtham  e;enerari  ma.ter!a  fubtllidi' 
ma  inflitmmabili  miner ali^  cum  aqva^  median te  acfda.  combU 
naca*  A  napbthay  fua  acidicate  terram  qyandain»  forfan  r^i/- 
cavcam,  folvente,  &  retinente ,  petroUum  produci\  Ab  hoc 
oUo  cum  admixta  terra  noh  folubili,  maltbAemttg\t^^q^^% 
interdum  &  a  petrolea  (bio  infpiffato  &  exficcato,  prove- 
nit afphakuniK  Ubi  vero  petroleum  hocce^  in  vifcenbus 
terrae  circulans,  terram  qrandam  foecundarerit ,  oritur 
exinde  terra  bittminofa  \  ubi  major!  copia,  terram  aut  mate*- 
riam  lapidcm  yel  (iinfioa^  penetrayerint «.   oritui:  Iftbambrax, 

.    diverfu, , 

Obf.  9^  De  lithantbratihuf  uUerius    conAiIi  pofTunt    Joack. 
BiLLiNGER  de  bitumine  if  ligno  foffill  Math.  Z,  Bix^^In- 
Gius  de  Bitumine  if  ligno  bituminofo.      Biibnling  fylva" 
fu't^rranea*     Joh^    Gottl.      Kkugrr    von    Steinkoblen 
SciiuLTZ'us  von  Steinkoblen.    Tii^i^y  exploration  dnebarbon 

7,  BITUMEN  durijfimumy   purum^  polituram   admUtmSy 
Qqyis  innatans.    Gagas^  Sfcc.  a66i^ 

Succinum  nigrum. 
Gemma  Satmothracta.  Pw>^u 
Gangitis.  Strabokis. 
Lapii  Tbracius.    Diofcoridts. 

Bitumen  folidum^  purum^  natans.  v.  Link*  Hi.  8. 
yegetabiUx  ligneum^  litbantbrace  imprt^gnatum^      Crqki 
STEDT    £85[. 
Sveth.  Gagas. 

G31IU  Jalis  ou  Jayet*  y.  D£  BomaRE  U.  26(J.  Sp". 
318 
Germ,  Gagat 

•  Eft  bitumwi    maximc    compaQum  ^   absqvc   rimis   &; 
ifCans  ^   non  tragil^  fed  inftar  lapidU    durum ,     fraQurt 

ni- 


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107 


mtens ,  politnram  admittens,  aqvis  fuam  ob  levitatem  in- 
natans;  igne  flagrans  fumo  obfcuro*  craflTo,  odorc  bitumi- 
nofo ;  attritu  bitumen  qvoqvo  rcdolet  &  inftar  fuccini  ele- 
aricum  rcdditur.     Anglia.  ff^iirtemberg. 

Obf.i.  Eft  Gragas  roaxime  fimilis  acbata  nigro ^  Ucile^vero  ab 
eoden  dignofcitur,  pardm  ioflammabilicate,  partim  levi- 
tate ,  pactim  opacitate ,  partim  &  minori  duritle  chalybe 
exploranda.  /Vr  deft'tllationem  praebet  pblegma  i&  duplex 
oleum  ^  tenuius  &  crafiiut ,  litbantbracuiD  more. 

Oif.  2-  Di verfae  de  Gagatis  origine  funt  opinloaes ;  «/iV  dl. 
cunt  eundem  efle  bitumen  minerale,  purum ,  calote  fub- 
terraueo  induratum ;  alii  contendunt  eundem  fuam  ori^i- 
nem  habere  a  fuceino^  magna  parte  petrulei,  a  caloce  fub- 
terraneo  private,  &  exiade  colore  nigro  imbutum  effe, 
qvo  fundamento  gagatem  ad  (uecinum  referunt ;  alti  porro 
exiftimant  cuodcm  efle  lignm  bitumine  impra^natum,  & 
materia  terreftri  admixta,  induratum,  qyo  irefpeftu  nil 
niG  duritie,  differt  i  litbantbrace  ligneo.  Forfan  nonnuUis 
in  locis  litbantrax  Utneut  folidus  ,  a  qvo  vafcula ,  moni- 
lia«  allaqve  utenfiha  tornari  pbiTunt,  pro  gagate  habetur ; 
alibi  vero  bitumen  minerale  purlflimum,  folidum,  indu- 
ratum, k  qvo  itidem,  qvemadmodum  a  fuccino,  diver  fa. 
tornari  pouunt  Yafcula  &  uteniUia,  unice  jpro  gagate  ba« 
betur* 


i.  loft. 


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198  f><  C  o  )  ><t 

S*   io8. 
,.       SUCCiNUM,      Gen.   143. 

5veth.  B3RNSTEN.     Rap 

Gall.  SiTcciM.     V.  DE.BaMA.RE  II.  3x9. 

Gerra.  B£rn stein 

1:0,  Eft  confiftentia  dura  y  fed  fragile  y  friabilc  atqve 
tornabile. 

Z:o  y  In  igne  flagrat  cum  denfo  fumo,  odore  non  ingraco. 

3:0,  Cglore  principali  gaudet  flavo  aut  ad  flavedinem  in- 
dinante,  nunqvam  nigro;  pellucidum^  nifi  heteroge* 
neis  inqvinatum- 

410,  Aqva  pura  fubmergitur  ^  in  aqva  vera  falina  bene 
faturata  innatat* 

5  X  Oy  Gaudet  vi  eU^ica^  &  fine  dubio^  primuin  eft,  qvod 
oceafionem  dedit  aliorum  carporum  vim  eleOrkam 
explprandi, 

§•     109. 
I.   SUCCINUM^  duriusy  europaum,     sugcihcm  Sp% 

Karahe^     jtmhra  citrina.     Eledrum. 

Huccinum.     v.  Lihh^  log.  lo. 

Succinum.     Cronstedt    I4(S# 

Sveth.  BftRNSTEK,    Raf. 

Gall*  SucciK.     V.  De  Bom  are  ii.  319. 

Germ.  Bernstein 

Eft  conCftcfttia  duriori  ,  folidura  fed  fragile ,  politn- 
ram  admittens ,  in  igne  flagrans  cum  fiirao  denfo  albo^ 
odore  non  ingrato,  qvera  etiara  attritu  fortiori  fpargtt; 
frictionc,  qvemadmodum  &  attritu  fit  eleStricum^  paleas  & 
papyri  fruftula  attrahens. 

Ca)  SccciNUM,  peUucidtmi. 

Diver- 


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^  C  o  ^  K|  109 

DWerfb  eft  colore ,  fcilicet ,  albo ,  flavo ,  eitrino^  fa* 
lerno  aut  rubro>  majori  vel  paulo  mmori  pellucid!- 
tate  .  gaudens ,  minori  vero  vi  eledrica. 

Qlff.  Succimm  peUucidum  fiUrtumt^  an  idem  q vod  anCiqviores 
cbfyfeltHrum  vocarunt^  aliis  difcutiendum  relinqva  lis 
gaudet  hoc  fuccinum  praerogativis,  qvod  ouaqvam'^ue 
arte  clarificacum  confiderarl  poUic,  qvum  oome  arte  da* 
rificatum  colore  eft  pallidiori. 

Qf)  SucciNUM ,  opacum. 
Eftdivcrfo    colore,  albo,  flavo  aut  fufco,-    i     qvibuj 
pofterior   varietas  inaicime    vulgaris  &  vilior  raefito 
habef;ir,  utpote  terram  continens  pcfegrinam,    i  qva 
colores  obfwri  dependent. 

Obf.  Succinum  opAcum  &  tmms  peiluaiata  ab  artificibut  da* 
rifieari  folet  divcrfo  aiodo.  (a)  Mi  fruftula  fucclnca  pa- 
pyrn  iovoluta  in  balnea  arertft,  per  40  horas  &  ultra,  fi  opus 
fuerit,  camenfant  &  qvafi  digerunt*  :Cb)  Alii  cum  oleo  ra* 
fdrum  fuccioum  per  M  horas,  decoqvunt ,  graduiu  igoia 
fucceflive  augendo.  Cum  oleo  lint  id  non  fuccedere  nonnuUi 
contendunt,  affirraat  vero  Hbl-v^ing  in  hresU  Samml  1716* 
mf^Httio,  Dicunt  St  noonulii  tiaoc  clarificationem  fucce- 
dere ♦  ft  fucciuum  decoqvatur  in  jn/ca/o  carn(/b  Vel  pifci'^ 
urn.  (c)  Am  dicunt  hanc.  clarificationem  fieri  poflTe  fucci- 
num JQ  rHufia  fortiori^  per  ad  hora^  decoqvendoi  Kxperi- 
menta  ipfe  ialtitui «  fucCinUm  tarn,  in  muria  fatii  tommuniSf 
qvam  falis  tmrabitis  per  5  boras  decoqvendoy  fed  ab«?qve 
omni  m  fuccino  mutatiooe  obfervahili*  Nefcio^  an  pecii* 
iiaiem  encheirefio  reqvirat  &  particuUre  moderamen  \%fXi^ 

(c)  SircciNUM  ♦  ctloratum. 

Infolito  gaudet  colore ,  viridi ,  casruteo  aut   Varlegato^ 
ab   admixta  'Vel    adhsrente  materia  peregrina  depen^* 

dente. 

• 

iJbf  u  Dari  artifices,  qvi  diVerfos  fuccino  imponcre  pof. 
funt  colores,  rubrum,  C9ruleum>  vioiaceum,  purputeum, 
Viridem,  altmm,  ut /^mar// fimile  reddatur,  atqve  ad  varla 
oroamenta  ufurpari  pofnt,  notum  eft ;  f^  darl  etiam  Oa""  ' 
turaliter  fiQ  tiada  irudula  fucctai,  extra  cootroveifian 
eft.  cth  Kbntman  NomcncU  Fo£lDAyiLak>  iaC'^i^a/.  Tx  ti. 
f.  605.  Nt  0  779.  a. 


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lid  ^  Q  o  ^  ^ 

Obf,  2.  In  Jucftm  iaprimis  pellucido  non  raro  iavediantuf 
recondica  &  inclufa  varhi  inJeHa ,  nee  non  vegetabilia  vel 
eorum  partes;  vocantur  hujusmodi  curiofa  frufiula,  fuccU 
mm  infeHifirum.  Adaib.  Tylkowski  contendit,  h»c 
qvs  apparent  aoimalia  vel  vegetabilia  incliffa^  nonnifi 
pbantajmata  Teu  potius  ludipria  effe ,  eademqve  non  ipfa 
oatura»  fed  arte  potius  fifta  &  fada  e(te»  Verum  Jtioc  de 
'  omni  faccino  infedifero  non  valet,  ut  autopfia  docet.  ctr. 
Hartmanni  btjl*  fuccin.  Piruff  L.  l.  Cap*  ^*  L.  ii! 
Cap.  5-  L.  II.  Cap*  5.  Th  BARtHonN  in  AR.  Hafn^ 
\6it  Cr  i57»./)*  118^  Db  BoMaRB  in  Mem^  Parif^  1705.  &c. 

^^  SUCCINUM  tnoUius,  Indicum.     Copal*    Sp.  163. 
•     Succinum  africanum^     MoNNVLLift     Succinum  indkum*. 
Gt/MMt  copals  0 

Sveth.  Co^AL 
Gall.  Copal 
Germ.  Coi*At 

Eft  c6tifi(ientia  panim  molliori,  'unde  polituram  ml* 
tius  perfcftura  fufcipit;  de  csetcro,  colore,  gravitate  fpe* 
fica ,  eleftricitate  &  odore  cum  fbccino  duriorc  cotive* 
niens.  Rcperitur  in  provincia  Benin  in  Guinea  in  arena 
fepultum ;  &  alibi* 

0*/;  Jott.  G*  LehI^K  In  Jpby/.Cbym.  Sehti/ti  p.  73*  &c.  pri. 
mus  ni  fallor  bocce  fuccinum  bene  defcripfic ,  idq ve  pro- 
be diftnxiti  gummi  tefindj  etiam  CofAL  vocata,  exfdan^ 
ta  copalifera^  qvam  V.  htvue  In  Spec.  PU  vocat:  Rbus  to* 
palinum;  foliis  pinnath  iiitegerrimis^  petiolo  membranace0  or* 
ticulato. 

Obfervationes  ie  Succinb  &  Copah. 

ObL  f.  Reperituf  fuccinum  (^a)  in  maris  fundo^  qvl  arena  vel 
lapide  aren^rio  conftat,  ad  30  vel  40  pedum  profiindita- 
tern,  ad  litora  marts  baltbid^gernianieaj  unde  pifcatoret 
cum  red  fuccinum  extrahuht,  eo  praecipue  tempore,  qyo 
antecedens' ventus  borealis  cum  unda  marina  fuccinum 
propius  ad  litora  propellere  potuit;  vocatur  hoc  Succf. 
wuM  HAusTfLE,  qvod  plcromcjve  qvafi  lotum  &  poll- 
turn  e(fe  folet.  (b)  In  ipfo  Ittore  hujus  maris  germanico^  dani' 
€0^  frtfwVo&c.aut  nudum  auc  in  arena  fepultum,  colligitur* 

qvod 


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qvod  vocatar  Succinum  lectum  plerumqve  fuperficie 
rugola,  iosqvali  &  toraminuloCi  prsdicum.  ^c)  In  ftratis 
vcl  viiccribui  terra^  iaprimis  io  Borujfia^  ^^/fia  &aiibi|  ubi 
ia  ftratis  annacas  vel  bhuminofit  occucrjt,  qv«  alibi  icbijlo 
atumittori  &  litbantbrace  tettai  alibi  sabulovel  argslla  vel  utris- 
qve;  hoc  vocatur  Succinum  fossilj&  qvoa  (spe  cruda 
vel  cortice  qvodam  vhriolico  praeditum ;  imo  ita  ab  acido 
vUriolico  nonuuUibi  in  j^nglta  penetracutn,  reiereuteHiLL, 
uc  in  aere  aperto  in  fruftula  ac  tandem  in  pulverem  dila- 
baftir.  (_d]  In  rmis  ac  fijfuris  montium,  ut  in  Frovincia  Gallia^ 
qvod  itidem  Sbccinum  fossile  vocatur,  fed  ranflime 
occurritk  Vix  autem  dtlmiio  fuccini  prqp (fentia  iu  montium 
riiiils  adrcribi  poteft^  ut  opinatur  C.  Neuma>^n  ia  JPral. 
dc  Jucciuu^  fed  potiusalii  accidentali  cauilx. 

Ohf.  9.  ("htmict  examinatum  Tucxicumi  feqventia  exhibet  pbd- 

(KJ  In  iejla  fcorificatoria^  ealbri  expofitum  ia  fiirdo  doci- 
maftico,  prlmum  Jmat^  od.ore  non  Ig  ato  >  ttlox  fl/immam 
concipit,  &  tiutgft  deflagrate  fi  purum  ac  pcllUcidum  tue» 
rit,  absqve  remanentia^  foluni  macula  fufca  intefta  relida; 
fi  vero  opacum  fuerit^  telinqvit  pauxiilum  refidui^  nempe 
cmeres  rubto  fufios  ejuadem  fere  indolis  cum  lis,  qvoS 
Irtbaaibrax  itgneus  relinqvit.  tfr%  Obi.  area  Utbambracts  ^jrV* 

obt.  a.  i^'  ^ 

(B)  Solutio  iiicc)ni  eft  difficill<»  t>6.  In  spiritu  vlni  reaiB- 
catiflimonon  folvitur,  multo  minus  decomponirur,  licet 
suprrficUliter  immifcetur,  unde  tinFlutft  vel  tffentia  proma. 
nant,  a.-o^  Olen  txprtffa  parum  aut  nihil  vatent  ad  f/rtr- 
fcationem  licet  contribuant.  3>  o ,  Ab  olds  atbtreis  Veto  ve- 
getabilium,  accedente  digeilione.  iV>lvUiir  fuccinum.  aut 
iotegre  aut  ad  partem,  inprimis  ab  oleo  atbeno  terebintbtna^ 
cum  q^vo  in  kccam  ijtrmffatn  redigi  poteft,  4:10  in  napbtba 
vitriols  nt  &  oko  vini  pertede  folvitur.  Eadem  eft  ratio 
Copali. 

fO  Cum  nanetalihuf  Acids t  &  qvidem.  i^'O  ,  Cum  old  vu 
trtoli  albs  partibus  6  fi  mifceatur  (bccini  pulverifati  pars 
una  I  nigrescit  ram  ackJumqvam  ipfum  fuccinum,  ac  appa- 
retmixtura  ioftar^^i^  velm/i/^i^^f.  Dum  decoqvitur  inbaL 
neo  arena?)  intumcscit  &  spumescit  mafla  ultra  marines  vitr'i 
humilioris,  &  mutatur  iu  maffam  carbonariam  nigtam,  t'ra. 
g^em9  inter  digitos  pulvenfabilem ,  eosdem  denigran- 
tem ;    cum  dco  vitriols  diluto  mollius  redditur  fuccinum  & 

tan- 


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fit  In  (  o  )  K* 

tandem  folvitur,  qv»  folutib  tamen  a^vs  facile  praeci  pi  tart 
poteft,  dum  pulvis  grifeur  hindum  petit,  qvl  ^ulcoratus 
&  ficcatus,  carboni  Ignito  ipjeftus  ,  iiqvefcit  &  odorem 
picis  fparglt.  «;o.  Cum  ^piritu  mtri  fumante,  in  baloeo 
orens  decoftum  intumefcst  &  ffumefcit^  atqve  accelerato 
igne,  imlurerch  in  cruftam  pulverifabilein ;  igne  autem  mo- 
derato  &  fenfim  audo ,  Johitur  foluttone  flava^ 

[D]  Per  deflillatimem  prudeoter  inftituendam  praebeff  i :  o* 
phlegma  circa  |  partem  fuccini  afTamti.  Hoc  phlegms ,  fii-^ 
pore  &  odore  eft  empyreumatico  &  parum  acido*  Si  pec 
evaporationem  concenrretur,  deinde  cum  fale  commum  de- 
Cfepitato  mixcum,  deflilletur  per  cucurbitami  luUimatur  sat 
Mum^  qvod  in  hoc  phlegmate  latuifle,  hinc  pateC.  9.-0, 
Oleum  ad  |  partes ;  qvod  fucceifivo  gradu  ignis «  mtgfe- 
qve  obfcurum  evadit  &  craflum,  odcrre  &  lapare  nee  noa 
reliqvis  proprietatibus  convenic  cum  oleo  k  litbantbracibuf 
deftillato,  sulpbureo  vel  alkalino  odore  exceptis ;  cum  sale 
communi  decrepitato  mixtum  &  deftillatum,  praebet  qvidpiam 
salts  volatilise  3:0,  Sal  volatile^  qvod  interdlim  cum  oleiSt 
'interdum  ante  olea  (bblimatur;  mitiori  etenim  igne  plurl- 
rimum  fiilis  phlegma  infeqvi  folet,  fortiori  veto  igne  ne- 
ceflario  olea  comitari  neceife  habet,  qvum  accelerato  igoe 
non  pofTunt  non  omnia  confuCe  deflillari*  Hoc  (ai  proba 
per  elixiviationem  colleAum «  &  deinde  filtratum  &  cry- 
uallifatum,  colore  eft  fla  vcfcente,  textura  iamellari,  cum  alka- 
Urns  tam  fixis  qvam  volatiUbus  effervefcens ;  syrupi  violarttm 
Colorem  nee  in  nibrum  nee  ?ln  viridem  mutans;  tam 
atfva  qvam  fpirita  vini  folubile ;  in  igne  volatile  ;  cum 
ialibus  alkalinis  combinatom  conftituens  sal  medium;  prae- 
cipitans  argentum  ex  aqva  forti^  idqve  in  lunam  eornuam 
mutans.  Eft  Itaqve  fal  hoc  fuccinii  acidum  volatile  sapo^ 
naceum*  Sed,  con  omne  fal  fuccini,  eo«  qvo  indicavinmt 
iDodo»  fe  bal)et.  Sal  succini  prxparavimns  per  elixiviatio- 
nem ;  banc  folutionem  filtratam  in  calore  folari  evapora* 
virons  ad  ficcum ;  remanentram  iterum  folvimus  aq va  de* 
llillata,  filtravimus&  evaporation!  in  calore  folari  expofui- 
mus;  ftc  obtinuimus  yi/  suceini  album^  qvod  ^^poff  fere  falli 
communis  gauaebat ;  cum  alkalinis  fixit  &  volattlibus  non  efFer- 
vefcebat ;  cum  oleo  *uitrioli  effervefcebat  &  fumabat,  fimili« 
ter  cum  spiritu  nitri  funusnte ;  fortius  Vero  cum  Jpiritri 
falis;  cum  alkali  volatili  abiit  in  mixturam  Hqvori  C  C. 
ana/ogam  &  sqvalem  ad  faporem*  4:0,  cj^ut  mortuum^ 
qvod  relinqvitur  nigrum ,  eft  durum  tf  soltdum^  g^'g^i 
baud  dmimile  1  ft  deftiilacio  tiieric  accel^raca  &  ad  nnem 

non 


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^  C  o  ^  K}  /113 

non  perthiAai  aHaj^verop©r«/iwii&yr/if//fteperItor,  ttave 
rcjpfe ,  nihil  allud  eft  qvam  oifum  fixatum  feu  comhujium^ 
qvod  fecit  differentiain  inter  rffiduum  port  fuccini  deflagra- 
tionefn  ia  aperto  igne  [lit.  A.]  &  hoc  .refduum  poft  deltil- 
latiooem.     Terrejire  adeft  oibil  in  fuccioo  puro. 

Obf.  s.  Oleum^  per  deftillationera  a  fuccino  ftillans  [Obf.  a.] 
prinio  fiavefcens  clarum,  deinde  rubfum^  tandem  objture  fu^ 
fium  iqvomodo  re^lificandum,  cbem'icl  docert.  Nos  folum 
heic  indicaie  Voluixius  rcHiJicationem  cum  JpirituJUis,  qvacn 
Glauber  niagnopere  comroendat,  nobis  non  fucceflilTe; 
cteniiB,  H  reccns  faHa  mixtura  deftiUetur  per  retortam;  jpu* 
mejcit  ac  integre  in  vas  fecipieiia  -tranfcendit,  ibqve  fie 
ioftar  picis  adhaerens  &  noo  nifi  maxima  cum  difficultata 
cxiroi  poteft  ;  fi  vero  relinqvatur  mixtura  in  Iciii  dige- 
ttione,  ac  raiti  calore  per  cucurbitam  deftilletur,  vix  nifl 
Jfiritui  Jilis  dulcificatus  liaberi  poteft  ,  cum  pauco  oleo 
crafliori,  prout  uirumqve  modum  cum  damno  experti  fumus 

Oy^.  Cum  nitro  detonat  fucclnuui  fortfter,  qvocirca  ob- 
^  iervandum  :  r  .0,  Si  «//r/ pulverifati  partes  binae:  mifcean- 
tur  cum  Juccini  pulverifati  parte  una.  ut  in  crucibulo  igni- 
todetonent,  a  refiduo,  poft  detonatidnem,  duplex  fal,  per 
elixiviationem  fe  obtinuifle  allerit  Bovroelih  in  Mem, 
Parif.  174a  ;  nempeyi/  alkalinum  k  nitro  dependenS/ &  yi/ 
medtum^  cuhicumy  feu  vetumjat  commune.  2:o,  Contra  lf«c: 
cxperlmenu  Fr.  Aug.  Cartheuser  in  j4EI.  Mo^uhU  T. 
II.  p.  379.  &c.  tnonuit,  primOf  ad  pleaariam  nitri  alkalifa' 
tionem,  reqviri/ttrr/w  partes  ana ticas,  k  majori  Vero  pro- 
portione,  ootineri.  poft  detonationem ,  partira  verura  »/* 
trum,  partim  alksli  nitri ;  Jicundo  ^  fe  neqve  hac  nonanatt 
proportione »  neqve  (jva  ufus  eft  Bourdelin  qvidpiam, 
jmo  ne  veftigium  Jklii  cuhici  deprehendere  potuide,  fei 
ex  adverfo,  refidmm  praecipitafle  mtrcurium  ex  a^va  fhrti 
flavum  &  cum  acido  vitriolico  exh  buifle  fpecjem  arcani  du- 
plicati.  Kxhis  coutrariis  experlmentis  non  aliud  conclU"* 
di  debet,  qvam  qvod  fiiccinum  ioterdum  c\XTt\J'aU  rn^rin) 
faltem  fuperficiallter  commixtum  elfe  poflit,  qvcd  uc  fe- 
paracum  qvid  ac  diftinAum  ab  ipfo  fuccioo^  fub  ejuddeiu 
detonatioae  cum  nitro,  noo  deftruitun 

Ohf  5.  Circa  indokm  fiVt  fuccini  ^  qvod  per  deftilhtionerti 
obtioetur  [Pbf2.  L/r.  D.  3.]  diverfam  fovent  chemici  feu- 
tentlam.  fa]  C.  Neumann  aliiqve  contendunt  aeidiim 
'tntriolicum  heic  latere,  qvumfal  fuccini  non  cffervef cat  cujti 
oleo  titrioH ;    &  fal  medium  qvod  ab  boc  Jalc  producltur 

Tm.U.  H  cura 


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icum  fdh  alkalxno  fixo^  ab  affufo  oko  vitrioli  decomponi  noa 
poiTit,    qvod  tameii  neceflario  fieret  (i  nittojum  vel  muria* 
ticum  faladeffet ;  praeterea  &  fucctniim  reperiatur  iisin  iocis, 
ubi  lithanth  races  9  qvi  acidum    vitrioli  cum   continent,    ho- 
fpitant.     (by  Contra  banc  opinionem  urgec  Bourdelin 
in  Akm,    Pdrijl  174*.    Sal   fuccini    acidum     muriutici  Jaiis 
continere>  qva  in  opiuione  ante  ilium  t ait    Boccon,   & 
qvidem  feqventes  ob  cauflas;    qvia    poft  detoaationem 
cum  nitro  ,    fat   muriaticum  obtineri  folet ;  (ctr.  Obf.  4)  ; 
phlegma  a   fuccino   deftillatum,    cum  a{}va  forti    mixtum, 
commutat  eandeni  in  aqvam  regir,  qva  aurum  folvitur;  Jal 
fuccini  praecipitat  argentum  ex  aqva  forti^  idqve  in  lunamcor- 
nuamtnutat;  reperitur    fuccinum  pleruroqve  in  mari  vel 
In  confinio   maris;    atqve  fufcipit /^/y«fa«/ Tub  cryftalli- 
fationibus  faepe  cubt^am  figuram.  rc)  Vogel  iu    Injh  Cham. 
§,  6a5.  has  difcrepauces    featentias  conciliare  ftudet,  exi- 
{i'imaas  fil  Juccinif  ^b  utroqV'e  acido  \    vitriolico  &  murMico 
conftare;    ob    experimenta    ab  utraqve  parte  allata,   (0 
Pott  in  Menu   BcrL  1753.  ixciu  fd  fuccini  non  de  vttrio- 
lico  nec  de  muriatictf  participare  acido.  Nam   negat    velli- 
pia  i nterdum  7/i//V  wKnW/fi  deprehendi,   exiflimat  vero  id 
muriaticum  fal  elFe  accidentale,    a  fale  marino  ext.'iufece 
interdum  adhaerente.     Conicndit  ^ir/V/ww  Jklis  Juccini    potMjs 
convenire  cum  ncido  ^egetabili  &    fimillimum    exillere  flo- 
ribui  hemoe.  (e)  Nos  opinamur   hoc    J//  fuccini  cfle  mere 
acctdeiitale,  certis   in  circumftantis,  ab  oleojh  &  atjvofi  p^r- 
te  fuccini,  invicem  combinatis  produftum,  interdum  fale 
marino  incivinatum.     In    bac  opinione  confirmamur  i  .0, 
>   ab  anologia  fucctni  cum  lithanthracfbus  &   reliqvis  bitumi- 
nibus   mineralibus.      arc,    A  uon  fohim  poflibili  fed  & 
aftualicoagulatione  olei  feu  petrolei  in  fuccinum  absqve  aci- 
do; qvod  confirmat  copal  aqvonihil  falini  obtineri  potefl. 
3:0,   A  differenti  &  qvantitate  &  qvalitate  hujus    falls, 
,  4:0,  Ab,  hujus  falls  analogia  cum  jhlibui  legetabihum^   tam 
folubilitate  in  afjva&Jpirttu  Wbj  qvam    effervefcentta  cum 
acido  luinerali,  fi    futlicieater  depuiatum   tuerit,  l^cfr.  Obf, 
2,  L.  />.  N:  0  j\)  ;  omnia  autem  falia  vegetabilium  in  ipfis 
plantis  efle  produdta,  ab  aqvofa  &    inflamnifibili  materia, 
negari  non  poteft.    5:0.  Ab  hujus  falis  ditferenti  Indole 
ab  omni  fale  minerali.    His  concludimus,    hoc   fal  fuccini 
non  ab  acido  vitriolico^  nec  a  mnriatico  fuam  habere  origi- 
nem,  fed,  vel/ofa  ac  caiore  Jubterraneo   generad,  magis  ia 
*  unoj^qvam  alcero  loco,  vel   vapuribur  aqvofis  plus  miout 
fe  atlociantibus. 

Obf.  6. 

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0<   C  O  )  K|  115 

ObP  6.  Ori^inemfuccini  qvod  adtinet »   deprehendimus    plures 
&  aonqviores  &  recentiores  phiiofophos,    ea  effe  fenten- 
tia,  q\rod  (wccxxwxm  ad  tnineralia  corpora  non  pried  ft  pertineat^ 
fed  fuatB  agQofcar  originem  knutUria  ping-vi  vegetab/Ii  vel  re- 
Jim/a  Jubjiantia^  qvse  vel  fub  terra,    vel,    in  mm,    a  Vege* 
tabilibus  tuerit  feparata  &  aliqvam    lubierit    transmutafo* 
nein.     Hypothefeos    fuae   fundameota  a  feqvearibus  defu- 
munt  circuniftaiuiis  .•  prtmo^  qvod  k  titimintl/ us  &  buumino- 
Jis  corporibuf   in   regno  minerali  obviis  ejusmodi  elicin  ur 
priucipia  ,     qvae     regno  minevali    no  a    comp  stunt,    txe?  itx 
aliis  mineralibus  reperiuntur,   fed   cum   ve^e  tab  ilium   princi- 
piis  proxime  conveniuat,   utpote /it/,  ahum  &   aqva,    Se^' 
cundo  qvod  vegetabilia  reipfa  fubterranea  reperiautur,  Vel 
plus  minus  deftruda,  vel  petrificata  vel  bitumloifata.  Ter* 
f/»,  in  confiaiis  horatn  vegetabilium  fubterraneorum  &  li- 
lhaatbracum  iaveuitur  fuccinum ;  qv^trto  qvod   fal   fucciai 
maximam  habaat  coavsaieatiam  cum  fale  vegeubili. 
Circa  banc  nominatatn  hypothefin,  ex  adverfo,    monendum; 
fa)  Id  ipfam  praecife  elfe  in  qv^ftione,  anaon  a  minerali- 
bus etiam  ejusmodi  principia  obrineri   polFint,  qvae  a  Ve- 
getabilibus  habentan     Qvrd   impsdit  qvo  minus  oleum  & 
pingve    etiam  in   re^no    miaerali    r^^mnwv'i  jtqva^  jhlia^ 
terra  obvia  fant  ia  omai  re^ao  naturae,   cur  ni  &    oleam'i 
Olcj  vero  ia  regno    miaerali    generari  polTe,  aeqve  ac  in 
tegi\o  nqvea  &    vegetabiii  j    nanqvam  negari  poteil,   qvum 
noa  deficiant  principia  olei  in  regno    mineralh    (r/r.  ObJ^ 
circa  litbanthraceT  ifc.  7.  A^;o5).  fb)    Non  negari  vegeta- 
biba  fubterraaea  dari,  fed  exinde  noa  feqvitur,  qvodomue 
cleum  fubterraneum  ab  oleo   vegetabili   deduceadum,   r/r. 
Ohf.  circa  litbanthr.  "-J^e.  7.  JV:o  3).    C^^)   Succinum    in  ii- 
thaatbracum  coafinio  corroborat    eim    fenteatiam,    qvod 
utraqve  (laec  miaer-ilia  originem  hdbeantk petroUo^  nunqvam 
vero  qvod  originem  habeanta  vegetabilibus,  fiqvidem  It- 
thaathraces  reperiuntur,  qvi   impoilibiiiter  a  vegetabilibus 
deduci  polfuat.  (d)  Sal  fuccini  qvod  adtinet,    demonflravi- 
aus  eiTe  accid-^intale,  &,    pofuo  qvod  eliet  ia  fuccino  ef- 
fentiale,  qvaeritur,  auaou   falia  in  combiaatioue   aliis  cara 
corporibus  apqve  traasmutari  poffint  ac  terr« ,   adeo  ut  lal 
minerale  aliqvam  heic  fufcipiat  aeqvalitatera  cum  fale  Ve- 
iretabilj.     Annon  &  in  regao  minerari  geneiari   polFit  fal 
aeqvale  fall  vegetabilL 
1:0,    Succimm  mice  ah  oko  generm,  ^sl  gmrari  pajji   abs- 
Qve  fale&  absqve  terra  demonltramus  C^)  ^  P^^"^  dertagra- 
tione.  In  aperto  igne,  dum  purum  eft,  liae  refiduo.  (0}  a 
dcfeftu    &  falls  &  terr«  iu  copah,   qvod  umeaiareUqvis 

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1I6  l>*  C  <»  )  *<J 

I 

omnibus  proprictatibus  cum  fticcinoconvcnit[c]Qvod  fi  iq 
IbcciQoreperianturbecerogenea  corpora,  mineralia^vegetahilU 
&  animalia  ioclufa,  qvs  nifi  fuccinam  priiis  flui  lum  CuiC- 
fec,  iocludi  non  potuilTent.  [A']  Apelluctdate  fuccini*  unde 
patecad  partes  ejus  ellentiales  nilqvidpiam  peregrini  per- 
tinere  vel  accedere.  ^e]  A  moUitie  ^  qvsL  faepe  reperitur, 
iDterdum&  cum  iocluTo  vero  petroUo.  cfr.  Cha&lbtok 
de  foffil.  pag.  287.  Hartmann  de  fuccino  B.  C.  s*  I.  i. 
HzAcKziNSKi  bift.  not.  JfoL  p,  I77«  ValentinI  b\fior^ 
fmfl.  reform.  Ifc. 

t :  o  9  Oleum ,  qvo  generatur  fucdmtm ,  ejje  petroleum  exiade  opL 
nor  evidum  fieri.  [a3  Qvod  in  regno  minerali  nondecur 
aliud  oleum  qvo  product  poteft.  [b]  Gau'dec  fuccinum 
seqyali  fumq  ,  odore  &  if^ne  cum  bituminibus  mineraiibus. 
[ej  Oleum  fuccini  ilsdem  gaudet  proprietatibus  cum  oleo 
litbantbracum  &  petroleo.  [djPlerumqvc  in  iisdem  loclscon- 
jundtim,  vel  in  confiniis  reperiri  folenc  licbantKraces  & 
fuccinum ,  vel  etiam  petroleum  &  fuccinum.  [e]  Ordinariii 
flratit  gaudet  fuccinum  xqve  ac  reliqva  mineralia  corpo* 
ra.  [I]  In  hituminojam  indolem  redit^i  poteft  fuccinum  tarn 
deftillatione  qvam  acido  vttriolico;  fimHiter  &  oleum  ftic- 
ctni ,  qvod  acido  minerali  in  bituminofiim  noa  vero  re(i- 
Dofiim  conGftentiam  redigitur. 

8;o,  3fodum^  qvo  fuccinum  a  petroleo  generator,  difficulter  de- 
terminare  poflumus.  Plurimi  exiftimant  id  fieri  coa^ulationc 
qvadam«  fire  acido  vitri$lico  rivemuriatico.  Nos  arbitramur, 
nanc  coagulationem  five  indurationem  petroleiy  fieri  polTe  yfo^ 
omni  acido  \\xt  indicavimus.  No.  1.  vel  caltre  fubterraneo^ 
vel  exhalatione  mat^ris  tenuioris,  vel  utrisqve  bis  con- 
junftim  ,  vel  deniq  ve  alia  nobis  adhuc  ignota  caufTa.  Haoc 
Doflram  oplnionem  confirmamus  ab  afpbalto  indixntOj  qvod 
reipfa  ut  fuccinum  nigrum  vel  gagas  cbnQderari  debet «  exi- 
ftentia  licet  hujus  a  piurimis  fie  negata.  Probatur  etiam  ab 
induratione  c$pali  nee  non  fpontanea  r^nortt^f  &gmnmatum 
induratione  in  vegeubilium  cortice'^  bsrentium. 

Obf.  7.  Akhemia  fuccini  ^vocatm  ars  fuccinum  folvendi  ut  cla- 
rttatem  retineat,  in  folidam  rediens  conjijlintiam.  Hac  ratione 
corpora  fuccino  includi  poITiint  &  i  putrcfadione  prae- 
fervari,  fimul  vero  per  pellucidam  cuticulam  fuccineam, 
qvafi  ad  vivum  confpici.  Antiqviores  banc  artem  calluiflTe 
demonftrarevoluitGESNER  in  comrnent.foc.  Getting.  T.  II. 
zh  Ijerodoti^^ Diodori  Stculi  efiatis;*  commemorantibus«  ab 

JEtbio- 


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^/oft»tt/,ca4rvera,pf»vla  oooditura  vitro  clrcumfufa 
luifle  &  4  corruptione  fervata.  Kbrkrinoio  candem 
Dotam  ftiiiTe  nonnolli  dicuat.  Vogbl  in  Jnft.  Ckem.  dicit 
banc  artem  Petzoldo  Cbem.  Profejf.  Lipf.  notam  ruiffe 
Aa  vcro  o/^a  iM/)f  ita  refolvi  poffit,  qvemadmodum  fu- 
fpicare  Videtur  Vogbl  I.  c.  ia  refpedu  ad  afTertiooem 
Sbndblii  mEUar.  MiJJ.  3.  §.  la.  dicentif;  oleo  napi 
plures  minores  glebas  fuccini  in  unam  cogi  poll-,  Jeui 
accedente  calore,  hoc  ultpriori  relinqvimus  iodagini. 
Henckel  exiftjmat  fuccinum  ita  difponi  polTe  ut  in  //)i- 
rtt.  vtm  reHificatiJf.  integre  folvatur  cfr.  Betbesda  Portuoja . 

Obf.  S.  De  fuccino  partlcularlter  (bripferunt.  Andr.  Au- 
^7"^"^?  *'^^'^  yicfifff.  JoH.  WiGANDi  biftoria  Jucci^ 
in  kffruffici.  Samubi.  ^chblwigii  tbejei  de  Juccino 
Thbod.  ScHBNCKius  itf  yiicriiw.  Gborg.  Fr,  deFran 
^KBNAU  rf/^^rrr.  dejuccjno.  Phil,  Jac.  Hartmanni 
J-MtiOa  fuccint  frujftct  bift.  H.  von  Sanden  de  fuccino 
eleBrorum  prtnctpe.  Nathan  Senoelu  bift.  fucctnorum 
corpora  altena  tnvolventtm,  fijuao£M  eteElroloEUK  Jo.  Bau- 
MBR  differt.  de  Juccino. 


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Xlg  ^  (  o)  Ki 

§•    I'O. 

3.  AMBRA.  Gen.  44. 

Svcth,  Ambra 

Gall.  Ambrk  gris.     v.  Dk  Bom  are  ii,  3^0^ 

Germ.  Amber 

1:05  Eft  confiftentia  nnnqvara  dura,  fed  plus  minus  mol- 
li  atqve  tenaci ,  contufionc  non  pulverifabilis ;  mafti- 
cata  dentibus  inllar  picis  adhsBrccj  iaterca  taraca 
frangibilis* 

S :  o  ,•  Sapcfre  non  gaudet  pcculiaru  * 

3:0,  Colore  eft  divcrfo,  plcrumqvc  obfcuro;  fempcr 
opaca. 

4:0,  0/iof«  gaudet  fortiori,  grato  &  peculiari,  qvi  odor 
magis  fenfibilis  redditur  attritu ,  vel  igne. 

5,0,  Mitiori  ignSy  liqvcfcit  &  fuiriat,  faciera  rcfinae  af- 
fumefts ;  ad  ignem  candela?  flammara  concipit ;  ferro 
ignito  injeaa,  fi  purafuerit,  tota  avolat,  fine  rc- 
manentia. 

6 :  o )  ^ivis  innatat, 

I.  AMBRA  binis  velfrinis  coloribus  variegatar  AmbR  a 
GRxsEA.  Spec,  a(59* 

Jjmhra  grifea.     v.  Linn^    107.  i. 
jimbra  grifea.    Cronstbdt  145. 

Sveth*  SprSklio  Ambra 

Gall-    L'Ambre  de  plusieurs   couleurs.      v.  De 

Bqmare  II.  310.   I. 
Germ.  GesprenglichtE  Amber  ^ 

MacuUs,  ftriis  aut  punftulis  eft  haec  ambra  albis, 
nigris  vel  flavis  praedita ,  extrinfece  vero  crufta  grifea 
vel  obfcwa   cinQa^    fub  microfcopio    granularis  apparct, 

in 


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k  igne  tota  fine  refiduo  avolat ,  grato.  odorc ;  ?inmixta  fae- 
pe  habet  corpora  peregrina  ab  avium  plumis ,  pifcium  offi* 
bus  aliisqve  ejusmodi  rebus  etiam  yegetabilibus. 

(a)  Ambra  GRisfEA.  maculis  flavis. 

(b)  Ambra  gkis'r a.  maculis  nigris* 

Obs.  Hsc  ambra^  ioprimis  qvae  maculfs  aut  punftdlls  fla- 
vin praedka  merito  pretiofiQima  confetur,  utpote  odore 
gratifllmo  g;audens«  unde  &  uncia  dinnidia  ad  16  imperiales 
&  ultra  aeflimatur.  Reperitur  laprimis  ad  litora  afrtcaud 
mcridiQttfllia^  (z\  Maia^ascat  acqve  «SW<r4advehi  folet. 

a^  AMBRA  micolor^  Spec.  ^70. 

jhibra  unkoior  fufco  nigricans,     v.  Likn^  107.  2. 

Sveth.  Enfergad,  Ambra 

Gall.  L'Ambrk   d'une  seule   coleur.     v*  De  Bo- 

MARB  II*   32rO.   a. 

Ccrin^  EiNF^ai^aB^GK  Am^er 

HasQ  interdun^  minus  grato^  interdum  fere  nullo  aut 
debili  odore  gaudet  ^  fub  microfcopio  vel  fariuacea  vel  fo- 
lida  inftar  refins  apparet ,  ig;ne  deflagrans  plerumqve  qvid- 
piam  terreftr^  relinqviu 

(a)  Ambra  unicolor,  alba. 

Adijpe£lu  fere  farinac^a,  leni  igne  liqvata  refinsB  flavse 
forraam  affumit;  candenti  ferro  injefta  prorate  liqvef- 
cit  cum  intenfo  fumo  ^  defluit,  &  avolans  pauxUluin 
pulveris  nigri  relinqvit^     Nicobar. 

(b)  Ambra  unicoi«qR  dwrea. 

(c^  Ambra  unicolok,  flavefcens.  ♦ 

(d^  Ambra  v^icoiuok  fufca^ 

Eft  facie  refinofa,  extrinfece  crufta  alba;  tarde  fupra 
ferrum  ignitum  liqvefcens  &  fumansj  poft  deflagra- 
tionem  pulverem  nigrum  relinqviu 

(t)  Ambra  vnicolor  y  nigra^ 

H  4  ^^^^ 

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110   '  !^<  (   O  )  Kj 

Fcrfo  ignito  injefta  tardc  &  parcc  fomat ,  liqvefcit, 
crullatn  rclinqvic  fpongiofain ,  qvae  vero  igne  aperto 
&  fortiori  integre  avolat.     Nicobar. 

Obf,  H»c  ambrae  fpecies  vilior,  prctio  prioris  fere  dimidio 
aeftimatur,  A  Coromiindel  &  Ben^la^  aliisqve  locis  adpor- 
tarl  folet.  Reperftur  etiam  nigra  &  fufca  interdum  ia  pif- 
cibus  ex  cetaceo  ^enere,  unde  &  minus  grato  odore  ills 
variecates  praeditae,  &  extriafece  qvafi  politae  apparent. 

Obfervationes  circa  Amhram^ 

Obf,  f^  Reperitur  ambra^  ut  fticcinum,  non  folum  in  ipfi 
Urta  &  Utore  marim ,  licet  nunqvam  in  vifceribu?  terra?« 
qvantum  nobis  notum,  fed  etfam  in  mm  in  locis  meri- 
Oionalibus,  inprimis  ad  Madagafcar  ^  infuUs  Moluceams  & 
ad  litori  atbiopica  cfr.  Helbig  in  Epb.  N.  C.  Dec.  /.  An. 
IX i^  X.  p.  459.  RuMPHius  in  Amboin.  Rar.  Rom.  p.  26i. 
Valentin  I  ^ind.  Sendjcbreiben.  Fr,  Hernandbz.  Sed 
mvenitur  etiam,  licet  rarius,  in  vifceribus  pifcis  cujujdam 
ex  cetaceorum  genere.  cfr.  Trans.  AngLf^^^.  N:o  385  CfV. 
^  I7a5-  J^'O  33T.  KiSMPFERi  Anurnit.  Exot.  Fafc.  III. 
p.  635. 

Obf.  ft.  Qvibus  ca  ambrae  fuit  copia,  iit  eandem  per  deftiUa- 
tionera  examlnare  potuerint,  referunt  fe  ab  eadem  obti- 
nuiffe,  pritno' phUi^mu ,  fapore  aliqv-itenus  acido;  deiode 
oleum  flavefcens  ut^ifal  vohtrie  acidum%  remanente  pauxil- 
Ja  qvantitate  terr^^  fcilicet  ad  granum  iinum  ex  drachma. 
dr.  Grim,  in  Ephem.  A^.  C.  Dec.  II.  An.  I.  p.  405.  CaSp. 
NEuaiANN  Prat,  de  Ambra.  Browne  deftillavit  ambram 
cum  pulvere  a  fiflulis  tabacariis  roixtam,  &  hoc  modo 
obtinuit  />A%/w^ ,  deU\de  fpiritum  colore  cerevifiae,  poftea 
oleum  obfcurTori  colore,  ta/idem  &  balfamum    nigrupi ,   qvae 

.    pofteriora  diclt  ex  afle    convenire'cum  oleo    &  kalfama  a 

J'uccino  deftiliatis  ;    oleum    etenim  cralCus   nigrum  apellac 

balfamum.   Salts  vero  nihil   fe  obtlnuiffc  innuit.    Geofe- 

'  roi  eadem  defllllavit  ab  ambra  edu£ta»  oihii  ,vero  &  iUe 

falis  obtinuit;  phlegma  folum  acidum. 

Omnes  in  eo  confentiunt ,  qvod  hsec  per  deftillationem  ab 
ambra  prnvocata  edutla,  omnino  cnnveniant  cum  illis,  ijxa  a  Juc-- 
cino  dejlillamur  i  ut  if  ^  qvod  oleum  mbftf  ptttoka  ft 
^qvale. 

Obf* 

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JX  (  O  ;  |>^  111 

05/r  3.  De  mgine  amhra  diverfiffiml  font  auftdres «  noiiflul- 
li  &  ridiculi.  OgLVBN  ambram  k  meteorica  materia  ge- 
neratam  exiftimat.  Fimum  ejje  avium  contendit  Fbrdin. 
Lap.  db  Castagnbda  atqve  odorem  dependere  h  come- 
ftis  odoratis  herbi^.  Favum  ejfe  apum  vel  aliorum  infefto- 
rum  fufpicantur  Dbnis  ;  Monconys,  Lbmbry;  Pomet^ 
&c.  Uc  gummi  vel  refinam  arborum  ^  aliqvo  modo  muta^ 
tarn,  coQuderaruQt  Dioscoridbs,  Pltnius,  Stlvati-^ 
CVS.  Fungum  ejJe  marinum  exiftimavit  Scaligbr.  Ejus- 
dem  vero  adverfarius  Card  anus  dixit  cfle  fperma  cetu 
LiBAVius  &  Wkcker  pro /puma  maris  habuerunt.  A^o»-  " 
nulli  recentiores  exiftimaot  ambrain  ut    rectementum  animate 

.  &  qvidem  ceti  coofiderari  debere,  eodemqve  modo  ean- 
dc!D  g'enerari ;  qvo  mofchuf^  zibetb^  bezoar  in  animalibus 
terreftribus,  cfr.  Tranf.  angU  1744.  N  :o  0fi%.  &  I7»u. 
N.-o  387.  AvicBNNA,  Agricola;  Woodward;  C, 
Nbumann  omncsqve  recentiores  mineraloji^i  contendunt 
ambram  effe  corpus  minerale  bituminofum,  fiqvidem.  [a]  Ea- 
dem  fere  edu&a  obtiaentur  per  dedillacionem  ab  ambra, 
ovs  k  fttcciiio.  [b]  Eadem  fere  &  proportio  partium  con- 
KituentJum  utriusqve  deprehendicur ,  nempe  Tuccini  & 
ambrap,  excepta  mdiori  Copia  parcicnlarum  terreftrium,  qvae 
poft  deftillatiooem  fticcini  relinqvitur.  [c]  Utraqve  h«c 
mioeralia,  ambra  &  fuccinum  k  mari  projiciuntur  in  ter- 
ram,  ut  reteriint  Helbig,  I.  c.  ftuMPFius,  1.  c.  Liba-  . 
vivs  in  J^ngul.  L,  11^.  Nierembero  Hifi*  Nan*  L^  lU 
C.  59,  p.  64.  ScHOTTUs  in  Pbyf.  curioja  L.X.  C  10.  (Aj 
Ambra  ea  non  conttnet  principia  qv«  animalibus  vel  ve- 
getabillbus  competunt;  neqve  ut  cera  confiderari  poteft, 
ob  maximam  ab  liis  corporibut  differentiam,  tarn  reCpedtu 
totius,  <jvam  olef.     fe)    Ab  oleo  fuccini  redificato,   cum 

Jimtu  nitric     producitur    mixtura  refinofa    vel  coagulum, 

jortijjimo  mofchi  edore  praeditum,  qvod  vix  alio  cum  oleo 
five  animali  five  vegetabili  fuccedit,  faltem  nonduro  eft 
obfervatum.  His  concludunt:  ut  maximam  habet  am- 
bra convenientiam  cum  bitumine  miaerali,  inprimis  yttff/ifo. 
fie  &  probabiliter  eandem  af;nofcere  originem,  k  petrolea^ 
rtiqvo  cumdifcrimjne,  qvod  ab  admixtis  forfan  dependet, 
unde  ilia,  qvae  fuccinum  &  ambram  iutercedit,  difierentia 
promanat, 

Oi/;4«  UJiu  zmbr^e  prscipuus  eft  medieusSi  zd  odoramenta. 

H  5  0*- 

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OK  f'^  jldukirm  folat  ainbra,  fraua  vera  dete^tur  criteriia 
genuinae  ambrs  §«  ilo.  defcriptis;  qvibu&  addi  poteft,  [al 
caletaftam  acum  ia  verata  ambram  iotrufam,  odoremfpar 
gere  gratum ,  nihil  vero  refmofi  adhxreotis  babere  dum 
eximicur.  [b]  la  CQChleari  atgetUeo^  fupra  Igoein  candelc 
liqvefcere  gc  qva(i  ebuUire*  [cj  Igoi  <andeU  tdmotam 
ilatini  Igiicm  coacipere«  iDtegre  daAagrare  absqve  rema-^ 
Dencla ;  aduluratam  vero  nuaqvatn  noa  carbonaceam  re^ 
liuqvere  inatertam  vel  cioeres^ 


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|X  C  o  )  ►^  1*3 

§♦  ir2» 
4.  SULPHURA,        Gen.  45. 

SvCth.    SwAFWEL 

Gall.  SoUFR£»     V.  Db  Bomaee  ii.  178* 
Germ«  Schwefel. 

1:0^  Eft  corpus  folidum  ^  fragile  ,  peculiar!  odore  fu^  at? 
tritu  praeditum^ 

1:0,  Colore  flavo,  vcl  flavo  viridi ,  dum  purura  eft. 

3:0^  Mitiori  jgne  liqvefcit  &  inftar  picis  tenax  redditur; 
vidctur  &  fub  fufione  pellucidura  ,  rubro  colore ,  & 
odorera  fpargit  fortem,  ipinus  gratum,non  tamen  pun- 
gentem}  poftfufioncracongelatuin,  perdit  colorera^odo- 
rem  &  conftftentiam  noininataiD)  &  fragile  iterom  ut 
prius  redditur^ 

4:0,  Fortiori  igne  flaramara  cserulcam  per  fe  concipit» 
absqve  ut  accendatur  ^  hoc  &  fit  fine  calore  dum 
igne  vel  ignito  corpore  accenditur.  Sub  hac  de- 
flagratione  odorera  fpargit  &  fumum ,  penetran-  . 
tera ,  pungentem  &  majori  copia  fuflFpcativura^ 
Diutius  &  flagrat  qvam  ulla  nota  inflamraabi- 
»  lis  materia  ^  tandem  vero  integre  confumitur  absqvo 
refiduo. 

5:0^  Fafe  claufOi  igne  moderato,  integre  fublimaturi  non 
vero  decomponitur  vel  mutatur. 

6:0,  In  aqva  fubmergitur* 

Objl  Hoc  fulpbnr  non  confundi  debet  com  chemicorum  prin- 
cipio  fulphureof  qvod  ettam  fimpliciter  ytt/p6«r  vocari  folet, 
reipfa  vero  nihil  aliud  eft  qvam  fubtiliflima  materia  injianh 
mabilifj  in  omni  regno  naturae  prafens,  ^^qvo  &  omnis 
aftivitas  dependet.  ' 

I.  SULPHUR  nativum^  purum  ^  fiavum.     Sulphur 
vxvuw  FLAvUM.  Spec.  27 1. 

Pyri. 

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1^4  |><  (  ^  )  ^€f 

Pyrites  nudus  diaphanus.     v.  Linn6  1 13.  i* 

Sulphur  nativunu     Cronstedt  i%i. 
Svetb.  Gedieckt  Swafwel 

Gall,    SOUFRE  VIEROE     OU    NATIF.        V.    De    BOMARfe 
II.   180. 

Cerm.  Gediegener  Schwefel 

Eft  fulphur  purum ,  plus  minus  pellucidum ,  colore 
flavo  aut  pallide  flavo  vcl  flavo  viridi ,  ignem  facile  conci- 
piens  &  ut  plurimutn  integre  deflagrans, 

Ca)  Sulphur  vivum,  jplavum,  cryftallifatum. 
Eft  pellucidum ,  inftar  falls  cryftallifatum  figura  alumi* 
nariy  fpatho  aut  lapidi  calcareo  adfixum.  Hifpania. 

Obf.  S\  leni  igne  liqvatum  fulphur  firigori  moderate  exp(>- 
aitur  ut  tardecongclefcat,  turn  cry ftallifari  folet,  cry/laltir 
fibrofis  horizontalibus^  qvafi  radlis  i  ccntro  ad  pcriphe- 
riam  tendeudbus  ;  ioterdum  facient  antimttialcm  bis  fuis 
fibris  fufcipit. 

(b^  Sulphur  vivum,  flavum,  glehofum^  pellucidum^ 

Crjrftallina  eft  fere  facie  fed  non  cryftallifatum^  pella- 

ciduin,  colore  vcl  citrino   vel   flavo  viridi,     Hunga. 

ria,    Italia.     SicUia.     Ruffia  prope  ff^olga.     Betb  m 

Helvetia, 

Obf.    Hue  &  pertintt  Sou/re  deGvadalupe;  Soufire  A  Gvidmm 
vel  Qyko,  &c. 

Cc)  Sulphur  vivum  ^  flavum  ^  glebofum  opaeum, 
Picrumqve  pallidiori  eft   colore   citrino,   parum  aut  ni- 
hil transparens,  fspe  fpatho  vel  iapidi  calcareo  inhae- 
'•ens.    Italia.   Siberia.  Helvetia. 

(d)  Sulphur  vivum,  flavum,  oapiUare. 
Reperitur  in   rirais  &  fiffuris  raontium  ignivomorum, 
interdum  forma  ftriata  aut  fibrafa ,  interdum  pulveris 
inftar.     Hecla.  Fefiivius.  Bevieux  in  Helvetia. 
Ohf.    H  oc  fulphur  capillare    videftjr  efle  calore  fubterraoeo 
Juhlimatum^   &  ut  fios  fulphurit  confiderarl  pofli?. 

(e) 

>  '  Digitized  by  CjOOQIC 


t><  C  o  ^  Kl  "5 

^c^  Sulphur  vivum  ;  flavum  ^  ptdurulentwn,  aqvis 
efflore/cens. 

Vocatur  hoc  fulphur  memo  Flos  sulphuris,  eft 
etcnini  bpacum,  forma  pulverulenta,  ex  aqvis  qvaji  ef* 
florelcens^  atqve  parietibus  vel  aliis  corporibus  in  ca- 
nali  adhaerens.     Aqvisgrani  in  Germania. 

Obf.  Hoc  fulphur  qvod  ^\n  mineralibut  aqvis  tk  tbermis  nour 
nullis  reperitur »  ooq  ut  ab  aqva  folurum,  coufiderari  de- 
bet* fed  ut  peculiar!  modo  ia  iocis  fubterraoeis  immixtum» 
qvod  rpoQte  in  aere,  ab  aqva  adaliqvam  qviccem  redaitta 
leparatur  &  qv^fi  avoiat. 

%,   SULPHUR   nativutn^   arfenicale,  rubrum.     Sulphur 

^SAT1VUM    RUBKUM.  SpCC,    2^2. 

Svcth.  RoDT  Berg-Swafwel 

Gall.    SOUFRE    ROUGF. 

Germ.  Rother  Bergschwefel 

Eft  fatls  compa£lum  &  folidum  ,  pellucidum ,  rarlus 
opacuro,  rubro  colore,  qvera  ab  arfenico  forfan  babcc^ 
Usdem  vero  cum  fiUphure  puro  proprietacibus  prsdituro. 

(a)  Sulphur  nativum  rubrum  ,  pellucidum. 
Ex  infula  Milo.  Cvadalupein  America,  Infprug^  Italia. 

(h)  Sulphur  nativum  rubrum,  opacum. 
China. 

Ob}.  Qvatenut  hoc  fulpbur  rubrjim^  ea,  exhibet  phaeaomena 
io  igne,  rdllcet  funone,  ilamma  &  f^imov  qvibus  i  rifi- 
^allo  feu  mSBera  ^rjinici  rubra ,  fuo  loco  defcribenda,  di- 
ftiogvitur:  non  icaqve  fine  fuodamento  bocce  fuljphur  in- 
ter reliqvas  fulphuris  fpecies  aos  collocaile  exiftimamus. 

J.  SULPHUR  nativum^    tnixtione  '  peregrina      color atum. 
Sulphur   mixtum.  •  Spec,  273. 

Terra  fulpburea^ 

Sulphur  minerolifatumy  Nonnv^o^uj)^ 

Sveth^ 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


ia6  t><  c  o ;  ►*! 

Svcth.    SwAPWEL-BLANDNlNG.      SwAFWKL-JORD 

Gall.   SouFRE  MeL/vNc6.     Soufrb  melee  a  de  lk 

TERRE    OU   DE    LA   PIERRE,        V.    DE    BoMaRE    II. 

Germ.  SchwefelvermisChitng.  Schwefelerde 

Eft  lUlphur,  terra  aut  Japidc,  vcl  alia  materia  intrin- 
Icpe  raixtam,  unde  difficulter  vcl  non,  igncm  concipit,  ni- 
fi  prius  fiat  Ailphur  feparatom;  interdom  vero  carboni 
ignito  injeSttm  flamraam  oftendit  casruleam^ 

(a)  Sulphur  mixtum  ^  album. 

Eft  fulphur  terra  calcarca^  vel  margacca,  aut  alummtfi 
mixtum.,  colore  vcl  albefccntc  vcl  cinereo^  faepius 
moUiori  confiftcntia  inftar  argUlaB*  Italia.  Angha. 
Helvetia.    Mannsfeli. 

Obf.  Hoc  fulphur  mixtum,  qvafi  mineram  fulphurls  confti- 
tuens  vocarl  folet  tend  fulpburea.  Eadem  vero  eft  terra 
ad  So^atara  Italia^  e  qV2Ljfulpbur  eliclfur,  e  qva  etiam  altmeit 
obtlnetur.  ctn  Nollet  In  Mem.  Pari/.  175a. 

(b)  SiTLPHUR  MIXTUM,,  vitid^, 

Interdum  aliqva  gaodet  pcUuciditate.  Infula  Milo. 
Fefuvius  in  Italia,  cfr*  BrUckm.  M.  D.  1.  p.  ^4. 

Ce")  Sulphur  mixtum  ^  nigrum. 
Bituminofa  fbrfan  materia  mixtum.  cfr..  ^Ektm an. 

4*  SULPHUR  ferro  mineralijatum^  miner  a  difformi^  pallide 
flava^  nitente.  VrKiTES  sulphureus.     Spec^  274. 
Pyromachus.    ^  Veterum . 
Pyrites  mineralifatus  ,   amorpbus ,  fcintillans.  v.  Link6 

II?.  4- 

Sulphur  marte  faturattm.     Crokstedt  152. 

Svcth^  KiEs.     SwAFwEL  •  KiES.     Jern  '  KlES 

Gall.  Pyrite  sulphureusb  infoRMe.   v.  Db  Boma- 

re.    Spec.  2Z^^ 
Germ.  Ki£s»     Schwefbl-Kibs*    £is£K*Ries. 

Eft 

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|H  C  O  )  Kt  1^7 

Eft  minera  flilphurea  ubivis  fere  terratum  obvia,  plus 
minus  dura  vel  fragilis,  colore  ut  plurimum  pallide  flavo, 
rarius  albefcente ,  niteus  ^  ad  chalybem  femper  fcintillans, 
odore  forti  fulphureo;  in  igne  didilic  &  flagrac  flamma  css- 
rulea,  cum  odore  fujphureo  pungente;  colorcm  qvoqve 
&  nitorem  in  igne  amfCCit,  induens  obfcure  rubrum  vel 
furCum  y  continet  40  ^d  go  pro  centenario  fulphum^  &c 
BO,  40  vel  50  imo  ultra  ^irri\  qvod  ignitum  fragi^ 
Ic  eft.  ' 

(a)    PY-RltES  S0LPHlTRftUS,    fiuius  ^  folUuS. 

Omni  admix  to  vel  immixto  lapide  carens ;  intrinfeca 
textura  gaudet  a^qNrabili  &  polita ;  ad  chalybem  for- 
titer  fcintillat,  in  aSre  nitorem  amittit ;  cum  tempore 
&  loco  humido  fenfim  fatifcit,  unde  &  interdum  ex- 
efus  videtur  &  crufta  ochracea  prasditus.  Dilia  in 
Nericia.  Dannemora  in  Uplandia.  tJomm  Cupri- 
mont,  in  Dalecarlia. 

Oil  Hic,  ni  fallot,  eft  veterum  ppatmbus^  qvo  ad  ignem 
obtinendum  funt  ufi. 

(b)  Pyritks  suLPHURKt^s,  mdm  %ranularis. 
Majoribus  aut  minoribus  granulis,  freqventius  figuram 

cubicam  afFe£lanlibus  concretu$,  omni  tamen  hecero* 
geneo  faxo  vel  lapide  adraixto  caret ;  fragilior  hinc 
exiftit,  &  ad  chalybem  minus  vivaciter  fcintillat. 
Dannemora  in  Uplandia»     Fablun  in  Dakcarlia. 

(c)  PrRiTfis  suLPHUaEuS)  nudusy  ftriatus,  feu  capU^ 
iaris. 

Conftat  ftriis  i  centro  ad  fcrlpheriam  tendencibus,  iis 
in  locis  obvius  ubi  in  cavitate  qvadam  prsBcxiftente 
generari  potuit ;  eft  maxime  fragilis  ^  de  eastero  pu- 
«us  &  ab  omni  heterogeneo  liber.  Freyherg  in  Cer^ 
mania,     jinglia  ubi  vitriolum  ab  epdem  elicitur. 

(d)  PxaiTSs  SULPHURS  us ,  nudus^  Jldacticus^ 

PigU' 

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MB  fc^  (  o  }  ►<^ 

Figura  eft  vd  conica,  vel  fiftulofa,  vel  alia  qvacunqvc, 
qva  coiifpicttar  eundem  ftala3itarum  more  eiTe  gene- 
ratum.    Scbemnitz  Hungarian 

(c)  Pyrites  sulphureus,  petrofus^  folidus. 

Eft  pyrites, qvi  forma  folida  in  glebulisvel^venis,  faxo 
*  aut  lapidi  tatnqvani  matrici  inhasrens  reperitur;  hiac 
non  adeo  facile  aere  xieftru3ibilis ,  nill  prius  fuerit. 
calcinatus;  ad  chalybem  bene  fcintillat,  utpote  non 
fragilis ,'  undc  merito  pyrites  petrofus  durus  appellarl 
potcft,  Garptnberg  in  DaUcarlia.  Pielis  in  Fmnmia. 
Danmnwra. 

(f)  Pyrites  sulphureus  ,  petrofus ,  granidaris. 

Eft  pyrites  faxo  vel  lapidi  in  granulis  infperfus,  hinc 
minus  firma  connexione  gaudens ,  sgre  ad  chalybem 
fcintillat,  &  acre  facllius  deftruitur.  Pklis  in  Fen-^ 
nonia. 

Obf.  MuUipUci  modo  differt  pyrites  fulphureus ,  adeo  ut 
omnes  enumerare  varletates  vix  aliter  fieri  poffit,  qvam 
plures  conftituere  fpecies.     Differt  etenim  pyrites. 

i.-o,  Ratione  matricis^  qvo  refpeAu  reperitur,  vel  nudms^ 
hoc  eft,  ab^qve  faxo  aui  lapide  adroixto;  vel  petrofus^ 
hoc  eft  cum  matrice  faxofa  aut  lapidea  admixta;  ^  qva« 
vet  durior  occurrit  y  duriori  lapidf,  ut  quarza  inhxreoa  ;  vel 
tenax ,  in  f^xo  tenaciori ,  ut  comeo ,  mica^  afuefton  bofpi- 
tans,  vel  mollis^  in  lapide  molliori,  calcareo ^  Jpatbnfo  vel 
alio  praefcns.  • 

t:o,  Ratione  textura  intrinfica^  qva  reperitur  vel  folidur^ 
vel  textura  cbalybea^  minimis  pundtnlis  nltens,  vel  grauuU' 
ris^  majoribus  ant  minoribus  granulis ;  vel  Jlriatus ,  qva 
diverfa  intrinfeca  textura  non  fr)lum  in  pyrite  nudo  oc- 
currit, fed  etiam,  qvoad  texturam  folidam  h  granuUrem 
in  pyrite  petrofo. 

3:0.  Ratione  duritiei,  qvo  refpedto  omnis  pyrites;  vel  ia- 
rior ,  ut  pyrites  nudus  folidus^  nee  non    pyrites  petrofus  du' 

.  fior,  lapidi  duriori  qvarzofo  inhaereos;  datur  qvoqve  py- 
rites, qvi  ea  ^audet  duritie,  utrimasin  vitro  faciat,  qva- 
lis  reperitur  \ufodina  Sulbereenfi.  Vel  nwllior^  qyalis  pyrites 
Jitlphurens  nudus  granularis  &JiriatKS^  nee  non  pyrites  fut-^ 
fhureus  petrofus  lapidi  molliori  iulisrens.  Hujusmodi  py* 
riUf  acre  a^erto  bumido  feollm  fatifcit. 

4:0, 


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^|H  Co  ;  «i  129 

4^0 1  R^ionecohfis;  Eft  qvidem  pyrites  falphareufl  utplu* 
rimum  palliie  flavut ;  dacur  vero  etiam  dbefc^ns  abeqve 
feiifibili  arfenicl  veltiglo^  qvi  in  igne  flamnaa  csrulea  fla« 
gr^t,  odore  forti  fulphureo,'  &  plerunjqve  cum  tempore 
in  acre  oclira  fiifct  obduci  folet;  qvahs  rept;(icur  Dannc^ 
mord  io  UpUndUi  Flmtpire  in  AngUd. 

%,  SULPHUR  ftfro  mimralifatum  ^   minera  globofa  coHcre'^ 

turn.      GlOBULI  PYRITICOSI.  Spcc,  ^7?^ 

pyrites  mineralifatus  ^  aggregatus  y  figuratus.     v.  Likk^ 

114*  4* 
Sveth.   Rl£$B%LLAR«  BeRgSco 

Gall;   PvRitEs   EN  Globules.      v.   Dje  Bom  are 

Spec,  a  16. 
Cerin.  RiESRirOELiir.    KiESKtfiae^ 

Eft  pyrites  diverfo  colore ,  in  globulos  ^  f enes^  cy* 
lindros  aut  orb/culos  ^  majores^  minofes  ^  (yncretus;  in- 
trinfeca  ftrudura  jam  folidus  ^  jam  ^ranularis  ^  feptus 
ftriatus  ^  raf 0  lamellofu$ ,  fulphure  &  ferro  in  eadem  pro 
portione^  qra  antecedent  fpecies  ^  conftans ;  non  ubivis  ad 
chalybem  fcintillan$  ^  ucpote  pier umqve  eittrinfeca  crult* 
ferruginea  velalia  veftitus. 

(a^  GlobUli  i^YtiiTicost  ^  Jpbu^ici- 

Figura  rant  fphaerica^  plus  minus  regulari^  ittagnltu- 
dine  diverfa;  colore  utplufimum  pallide  flavo,  vel 
furco  ochfacefb^  aut  alio ;  fupefficie  interdum  aeqva* 
bili^  intcfdum  qvafi  cryjiallis  compoSta,  interdum 
inaeqvabili  ;  intrinfcca  ftruftura  vel  radiati  ^  radiis  k 
centro  ad  peripheriam  tendentibus^  vel  folidi.^  vel 
minofibus  cryftallis  compofiti  \  ad»  chalybem  fcintil- 
lant )  niG  aliqva  criifta  fuef int  vefttti ;  in  aSre  Ten* 
fim  fatifcunt.  Jndrarum  in  Scania,  XJplaniia  in  au 
giUam  fttatd  ad  panieciam  BMingt.    jinglia. 

Olf.  Hujosmodi  gtobuli  pyntkoji  k  nondulHj  vocantur  ilfff^W- 
«//^^  NucBS  MAROACEi*  cfn  A^^  N^  C.  VoU  t^L  ap- 
pcid. 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


ISO  fw  C  o  )  wj 

(b)  GLoBtiLi    PTRiTicosi^    bmi/pbiSBricu 

jntrinfeca  ftrn6^ura  funt  vel  lamellares,  vel  ftriati,  co* 
lore  pyriticofo  vel  ochraceo  ;  de  caetcro ,  excepta  fi- 
gura^  cum  priori  varietate  conveniunt* 

(c)  Globuli    pyriticosi,   oblongu      Rekbs  pyri- 

TICOSI. 

Vocantur  renes  pyriticofi  ob  figuram  qva    gaudcnt  rcni- 

formem   oblongam;     colore  funt    vel  pyriticolb    vel 

ochraceo.  Lexfand  in  Dalecarlia. 

Obf.  Globulos  pyricicoros  oblongos  Francktnbwrgenfes  cootea*- 

dlt  Henckel  Iti  pyritboL  p.  sd6«  Arsenicum  concinere. 

Biai  ab  his  globulis  ad  invicen  coacrecj ,  ceftiCQlos  refe- 

rentes,  vocantur  Diorchites. 

("d)  Globuli  pYRiTicosi,  in  botryitem  cMcreti. 

Figura  gaudent  botryttica^  a  plurimis  globulis  fea  mam- 
nillis  concreti. 

(e)    Globuli  ptriticosi   pyramiddUs^  ftu    cylindrici. 

Cbraunias    Nonnull. 

Pjrramidali  vel  cylindrica  funt  figura,  intrinfccc  ftriati^ 

ftriis  h  peripheria  ad  Imeam  diagonalem  tendentibus. 

Surrey  in  Jnglia^ 

Ohf.  Nonnulli  ab  his^   membrum    virile  referentes,  ^ria« 

poLiTHi  vocantur;  alii  t\xntfiftuhji^  ofteocollam  tefer^tes* 

CO  Globuli  pyriticosi  plant  *vel  cwnpfrejfu 
Crifts  galli  interdum  asqvales ,  interdum  alia  orbicu* 
lari  gaudent  figura  comprefla. 
6b f.  Difierunt  globuli  pyriticofi ,  non  falym  extrinfeca  figiH 
la  •  ut  )am  indicayimus ;  fed  &, 

I :  o,  Rutione  intrinfica  JtruHura ,  qvo  refpeftu^ 

(a)  Alii  foiidiyi^lts^m  minimis  granulis  compofiti;  Andf it- 
rum  in  Scania^     Cornwall  in  Augfu. 

(b)  Miftriati^  radiis  k  centro  ad  peripheriam  tendendbos* 

Dalecarlia. 

(c)  Alii  ad  uoum  hemifphsrlum  JlriMti\  ad  alterum  granuU^ 
reft  qvalem  poflidea repertum  mjirato  argillaceo^  in  pars- 
oia  Baling  Uplandl«. 

(d) 


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^  C  o  ^  ^  131 

(d)  Alii  minoribus  cry/lallit,  mtcrofcopio  bene  cblbrvandis,   ^ 
conpofici*  apicibua  eleyatis.  iamela  inEsnnoma.  Hiffonu. 

(e)  Mi  ftruftura  lamellari  gaudeat* 

•  :o,  Jiationc   coloris ;  qvo  intuitu ,  reperiuotur* 

O)  Giobidi  pyriticqfi,  p^llide  fla^i ;  qv\  optime  ai  chalvbem 
iciatillant ;  ia  moiu.bus  cretaceir  &  allis  obvii  efTe  folent. 

<b)GhMi  pyritacei  trigricaattf.  tn:nera  martis  f<Uari*  hiffac^ 
Jixtrinfece  nigrefcentes,  iBtriofece  flavefceotes  €lfc  fo- 
lent, acre  facile  dearudUbile?,  ad  ch4lybeni  aoa  fcjnUl- 
laoc,  in  fiTHis .  argillaceit  occurrunt. 

In  Andrarum  Scania  reperiuotur  ghbuli  pyriticofi,  extrinfec^ 
^^™*^  nigra  plurimis  ia  locis  veftici,  qv«  alicubi  cam 
•qvii  foru  effervefdt, 

(c)  GL03X7LI  PTRiTicosi  vatiegati .  Pyrites ANGLicus. 
Colore  fuatcioereonitente,  in  aere  non  fatifcuiit  oecai 
^alybem   fcmtaiant.  dr.  Woqdwakd  Att.  T.I.  p,274, 

(d)  Globux.1  PyritI  cosi  colore  fufco  veJ  ruhente.' 

Hi  maxime  vulgaree  funt;  ad  chalybem  aon  fciotiUant. 
nijfmud^  Ci'uecta.  Germanat, 

C  SULPHUR  ferr^  ^nineraUfMum  fwma  cryftam/ata.  Ma  r^ 

CH.\51TA  Sp^^^    276, 

Cryflalli  pyriticofa.    Drufa  pyriticafa.  '    .     ' 

Pyrites  mineralifatus ,  cryjlaliyhtus.     v.  Linn4  irg    3. 
Sulpbt4r  ferro  faturatum  ^  cryftallifatum^     CRONSTEEDr 
1^4.  N:o  4, 

Sveth.  Marchasitbr.     Kies  -  Crystaller 

Gall.     Pyrites    crystalhs^cs      ou     MaRcasites.      ' 

v^  De  Bonare  Sp.  nj. 
Germ.   Marcasite.    Kies- Crystallb 

Eft  pyrites,  diverfa  figura^  falium  more,  cryftallifa- 
tus,  cryftallis  pallidc  flavis,  velnudis,  vel  crufta  qvadaitt 
obduais ;  ad  chalybem  nudus  fcintillat,  igne,  &  odore  ful- 
phareo;  in  »gne  cranes  flagrant  flamma  caerulea,  deinde 
nibent  vel  fufci  redduntur  &  a  magnete  trahuntur;  /«/- 
pbure  &  ferro  participant  in  cadem  proportioned  qva  pyri* 
tcs  fulphareus  rudis. 

i»  (0 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


(a)  Maechasitj*  UiraeirUa^ 
Hanim  unum  latns  bafm  conftituit ,    rcliqva  latcra  ia 
apiccm  fc  tcrminaiDCj   hinc  qvadrangularcs  cxillunt. 
Karo  occurrunt. 
(b^  MakchKUt M  bexoidrk^B^  tejjulares. 
Sunt  VUlgatiflimJB  &  raultiplicicer  variant :    externa  fu- 
pcrficie  confpiciuhtur  vel  nuda  &,  qvafi  polite  j     vel 
ftriata  vel  lamcllofae  j  colore  aut  pallide  flavo  ,     aut 
fufco  Vel  rubehtc* 
OW:Hicpertltiet  HifpAnarum  PiEDkAi)H  tos  Ingas.  qvi  ex 
J^eru  IB  Europam  transportari  folct  politus,  roaxime  folidui 
&  compaaus  ;  ncc  nonGtrmanorum  MEKGELn'iHss^inuccs 
fnaredctai  k  Scbaumburg  ad  l^ifurgim,  av^  minoribus   cubJS 
vel  coruadem  apicibus  in  fuis  Uteribus  funt  brnnae.  noa 
conftlndendae  cum  nuciHs   mdrgM^eis  defcnptis  Spec,  ajs* 
ra)  Vbj: 

(c)  Mahchasitjb  bexaeJra  prifmatica. 

Sunt  figura  oblonga ,    parallelipipcda.     Iribourg. 

(d)  MAKQHh^\TM.bixdidra  rbmboidaks^ 
iEqvali  figura  cum  vitrifflo^     Freyberg. 

(e)  Merchasita  hexaedrica  cellulareu 
Favis  apum  fimile^^ 

(f)  Marchasita  o£toedrU(B.  ' 

Figura  funt  aluminari.  ReperiunttUp  ifltcrdum  in  minera 
wartis^  grifea^  interdum  in  la^de  calcano.  Norberg  in 
Weflmannia.  Riddarbyttan.  Batbeau  in  Sommerfet 
in  j^nglUt^ 

(g)  MARdHASitA  decaedrica. 

Conftant  duabus  pyraraidibMS^  tivadrilateribus  ^    trun- 
catis.  bafi  conjunQis. 
(h)  Marchasita  dodecaedrica. 
'  Planis  conftant  pehtagonis^ 

(i)  Marchasita  decatetraedrica, 

Sunt  cubi,  qvorum  omnes  anguli  funt  truncatl« 

(k; 

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^k)  M^itCMASiTA  irregularis. 
f  igura  utplurimum  polyedrica  vix  determinind**   Negu 
in  Ftnlandia.     Surrey  In  jinglia. 

(0  Marchasitj*  in  cangefie  cryftaliina.  Dausa  mar* 

CUASITICA. 

/^  cryftallU  vel  lamellis  inordinutt  congeftis    cempefits, 

uade  d^vcmofiE^  if,  drM&cc  fuat« 
(m)  Marcha$itj&  hraSteata. 
Sunt  lamellis  compofitae ,  in  cqrtam  tamcn  ii^uram  for- 

matsB,     fuis    proprieu^ibij^     m^xim^    fimilcs  pyrita 

fufco  mox  dcfcritfcndq^ 

OiJ.  N  aido  marebajstce  raaxime  amWguum  pyriu  eryjlalii/atd 
impofuirnqs ,  moDticolas  fecud ,  ut  determmacam  accipe« 
ret  nc^ionenit  Probe  yero  obfwvandum,  k  pbarmdceutis  hoc 
notnme  wfiniuba/n  indioir};  ah  atcbcmi/lis  hoc  vocabulo 
iadicari  metaUum  imrnUutum^  &  ex  hoc  t'undameuto,  pjri- 
tern  fulpburcum  on^uem ,  VQCtri  mifcbajitam  ferri ;  miner iti 
cupri  fidvam  vel  flavo  viridem^appell^ri  marcbafitdm  cu- 
prj;  zincum^  qvod  cuprum  flavo  tia^at  colore,  unde  fu- 
fpicatt  (line  immacurum  In  eodem  latere  aurum,  marcbajiiam 
Muream  vocari ;  tVifmutbam  ^  qyc4  orichalcum  albo  ting^t 
colore  &  e^caltet'  ft^nnum  tam  colore  qvam  foiio;  mar-- 
€bafitam  tkfgentem  nuncup^rl.  Theophi^.  Paracelsus 
omaem  mineram  pyrkicofam  ,  appeUat  marcbnfitm.  •No- 
men  ab  Arakihus  €ft  inventaoi ,  forfan*  ab  Hebrsoruoi  ma^ 
mkf  qvod  ^ixi^catfl^vefiere,  vel  alluadc. 

7.  SUI-PHUIV  ferra  min&ralifaium  ^  minerafvifca  vel  bepa- 
tica.     Py^itks  fusqus.  Spec.  177. 

Pyrites  aqvcfus^ 

Pyrites  mineralifatus  lividus^  v.  Linn*  ti(5.  7. 
Pyrites  colore  rubefcen^e.   Cronstbpt  i??* 

Sveth.    WATTENKIE5.    TbNNBKT.       LBFWaR5LA« 

Sail.  Pyritb  bhune^    martiale.    v.  Dk  BoMARt^ 

Spec.  118 
Germ«  Wassbrkibs 

Eft  colore  obfcuro   ad    hepaticum  acccdente ,     param 
&  obfcure  nitcnsj    ad  chalybem  parce,    vcl  non   fcincil- 

I  3  ^^^h 


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Google 


134    '  |X  Co  )  kj 

lans,  in  ignc  non  flagrat,  odorcm   vero   fpargit  pirngen- 

tcm  fulphureum ,   fed  absqve  fcnfibili  fumo ;    calcinatione 

cxtrinfcce  pj^rum  rubet',  intrinfece  caBrulefcit,    &  magnete 

turn  trahicur;    abundat  ferro^   parum    vero  fulphuris  con- 

tinet. 

,    Ca  )  Pyrites  fuscus  ,  folidus. 

Vidctur  intrinfeca  ftruftara  folidus  &  compaOas,  Dan- 
mmora.   Novum  Cuprimontium.    Tamtla  in  Fennnnia. 

(b)  Pyrites  fdscus,  granulans^  particulis  minoribuSy 
Wi^o  in  Fennonia.  Stolh^rget  in  IVtflmannia.  Lap^ 
ponia  plurimis  in  locis  rcperitur. 

(c)  Pyrites  fuscus  ,  granulans^  particulis  majoribus^ 
Hie  ut  teffularis  intcrdara  confpicitur.     IFeJiJilfwberget 

in  H^eflmannia^     Angermannh.     Dalvoall. 
'    (d)  Pyrites  fuscus,  lamellofu^. 

Acccdit  ad  marcbafitam  bracteatam.  Spec.  289.  lit.  m. 

Obf,  Differt  &  hie  pyrites  ratione  coloris ;  alsui  pallidiori  eft 
colore,  feu  albefcente ,  qv\  k  monticoUfl  fvccanis  voca. 
tur  Tenbett,  qvafi  imtnixtum  haberet  qvidpiamy7/f»w, 
qyo  tamen  caret;  alius  colore  mas^tg  ohfcuro,  fere  hepa- 
ticoj  vnde  k  monticolis  fvecanis  L^-W/'/^i^appellatur.  ry- 
rju  aqvofi  nomen  eapropter,  ni  tailor  obtiuuit,  qvbd 
mk  humidus  flit  afflatu  oris  ve(  alia  ratione »  vlx  ullo 
confpicuus  eft  nitorc. 

j;  SULPHUR  ferro  mineralifatum  corporibus  peregrinis  in» 
barens^     Petrificatum  pyriticosum*     Sp.  a78» 
Pyrites  figuratiis. 
Petrificata  pyritico/a.    Cronstedt  187. 

Svetb.  KlESWANLlNGAR.  KlESHALTlGE  PETRlFICA" 
TIONER 

Gall.    Vegetaux;    et   animaux   P£netr6s    de  Sub- 
stances PYRITEUSES 
Germ.   Kieshaltige  Versteinerungen.      In   Kies 

VERWANDELTE    GEWACHSE  UND  ThIERE 

Sunt  vegetabilia  vel  animalia  aut  conchylia    diverfa, 
qvts  pyrite  fulphareo  funt  pcnetrata  &  indurata. 

Ca) 

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Ca)  Petrificatum  pyritiCosum   lignewn.   Pyrites 

LITHOXYLOIDES. 

Carlsbamn  in  Scania.  Normandia  in  Gallia. 

(b)  Pbtrificatum  pyriticosum  ^   CQtaUorum.   Pyri- 
tes CORALLOIDES* 

(c)  PETRiFicAfUM  PYRiTicosuw ,   zoopbytorum.     Py- 
rites zoophyloides. 

(d)  Petrificatum  pyriticosum^  concbyliorum.     Py- 
rites COKCHYLOIDES* 

Ab  his  obfcrvatt  font ,  cochlea ,  iurbines  ,  cornua  am- 
tnoniSy  ojirea.  pe£tinita^  echini  pyriticofi,  feu  materia 
pyriticofi  pcnctrati,  i  qvibus  &  nonnuUi  reperiun- 
tur  ad  Andrarum  in  Scania^  Alios  adfert  Henckel 
in  Pyritol.  ftonnullos  &  Davila  in  Catalogue. 

Obf.  Tota  haec  fpecies  at  adveatitia ,  pcrtinet  .praecife  ad 
claff.  s.  &*  ord.  a,  heic  tamen  enumerare  voluimus  >  uc  (1- 
mul  pateat  genefis  pyritx ;  hodierna,  &  omaes  fpecies 
uaQ  obtucu  cogQofcaatur. 

Obfervationes  de  Sulphure  &  Pyrite^ 

(?*/♦  I.  Sulphur  infaper  reperitur^ 

1:0,  In  aqvis  fidphurcis ;  qv»  in  hydrologicis  defcrlbontuc. 
Hbwckbl  In  Kkshijl.  p.  4^0,  &c.  demonftrare  conatur 
JO  aqva  marina  etlam  fulpbur  adefle,  qvod  concludit  tam  i 

{mgvl  vifcofa  materia ,  qvs  in  fundo  marino  {reperiri  fo- 
et,  qvam  a  lixivia  poft  ccyflallifationem  falls  communis 
ab  aqva  marina,  reIifto,in  qvo  fulpbureum  qvidjadeife 
opinatiir. 

t:o,  Nonnuliis  lapidibut  adhaerens,  imo,  in  Uva^  feu  ma- 
teria i  montibus  ignivomis  effluente  &  coagulata. 

3:0,   In  mioera  m^rrflfii,  cinnabariua. 

4:0,  lo  minerii  arfenicalibur ;  auripigmeato ,  rijigalh  V  pyrite 
Mbo  arfenicali. 

5;o,  In  mineris  cobalti  nonnuUis* 

6:0,  In  roinera  niccoli. 

T  :Oy  In  omni  mioera  antimonial'u 

8''o,   In  mineris  wr/miaM  nonnulUs« 

9:0.  In  minera  zinci pfeudogalenica. 

I  4  '        10:  o^ 


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i3«  tH  C  0  )  «^ 

10  I  o/  To  niineris  ferri  ^  qvibus  obtfoettnr  fmfm  rtHkm 
frajjUa,  , 

11  :o.  In  oilneris  rM/)ri  pluriinis,  inprimis  in  minera  ^upri 
fiav^  yel  flavo  viridi^  qvaBideo&  pyrita  cuprea  a  oouaul-* 
lis  vocantur ;  nee  nan  in  minera  cupri  vitrea. 

IS  :  o,  In  miner  is  pIumH ,  gahnica^  &  plumbagine^ 
13:0,  In  minera  tfr^^»^/  vitua;  minera  argenti  rubra  E^r. 
14,0,  In  minera  auri  pyriticoft,  qvx pyriui  aureus  voca* 
tur  ;  Imo,  rariores  funt  mlnerae,  qvibus  nihil  fulphuris  in- 
hsret.  Potifiimum  adhxret  inter  femtmetalla  mercurio  & 
antimonio  ut  conftat  h  cinnahari  &  mineris  antimoniii  inter 
metalla  veto  ferro  &  cupro  pot'iut  qvam  reliqvis^  hinc 
&  dicitur ,  qvod  fubpbur  Jmat  fcrrum  v  cuprum  in  mhcrm 
&  pyritcm. 

^  Ohfervatienes  de  Sulphure  &  Pyrite^ 

ObJ.  f .  Ut  &  (\ilphurc  deflagrante  nil  aliud  obtineri  poteft, 
dum  punim  eft,  qvam  fptritut  acidut^  eadem  natura  qva 
gaudet  actdum  vitrioHcuw,  perfpicuum  hinc  eft,  id  ipuim 
ab  acido  vitriolic  pum  materia  infiammab'tli  flagrante,  crimbi- 
nato  efle  compolitum.  Hanc  rheorlsm  confirmat  artifieU* 
lit  compofitio  feu /yn/ieryfx  Dilphuri^.  Arte  enim  prpducitur 
^a)  Juxta  experimentum  D,  Eqv*  Boyle  fi  oleum  vitrioti 
prudenter  guct(<tim  admirceatur  ad  olei  terebtnthtna  qva? 
druplum  &  poft  digeftionem  inftituatur  deftllUtio  per  rc- 
tortav,  turn  ^uAo  ad  flnem  igae  fulpbur  fubitmatur  \n 
colic  retortae.  Idem  fit  ab  loleo  vhrinlt  cum  reJiwjRs  vel 
/aiBWf)/?/ oorporibii.t ,  imo,  cum  Jpiritu  vini  reSlijicatiffimo 
in  oftupla  pr^portione  addito,  digeftis  &  deftillatis.  (b) 
Juxea  experimentnm  Gl^ubeki  &  StahIIi,  fi  Jal  me^ 
(f/««,  acido  vJtrioIi  particlpans,  ut  tartarnt  vitrioUtur^ 
Jhl  mirabile^  vel  aliud  qvodcunqve  colliqvetur  cUm  parte 
anadca  cinerum  clavelhiorum  aut  falii  tartari  in  crucibulo, 
^  delude  in  maflam  turam  ingeratur  pulverit  carbanum  circa 
J  vel  \va  x^Sif^;  producitur  hinc  maffa  rubra,  qv»  ve- 
TUtti  bepar  fulphuris  court ituit,  qvod  aqva  folutum^  filtra* 
turn  &  acido  qv(Kunqve  prapcipitatum  dat  lac  Julphuritt 
qvod  edulcoratum,  flccatum  &deinde,  ii  opus  tberic,  fub* 
limatum ,  verum  praebet  fulphur.  Eodem  modo  produci 
poteft  flilphur  a  gypfo  &  felenite^  imo  &  qvacunqve  terra 
vel  corpore  minerali ,  in  qvo  acidum  vitriolicum  ha- 
ret  infixum^  fcj  ^'\  limatura  martis  purlffima  folvatur  oka 
vitfioli^^yf^  dilutOi  finita  (Qlutione,  fulvis  niger  ad  fuo. 

dtta 


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dam  prawipitattir,  qvl ,  folutlone  per  charttim  *ltrata, 
to  filtro  remanenS)  deinde  ficcatus  &  fublimaeus  verutn 
exhibet  fulpbur,  Zf'ncum  Unutum  mixtum  cum  tartaro  -w- 
trioiOoM  vd  Jak  mitabUi  aut  alio  Tale  'vitriolifo^  per 
retortam  deftillatum,  prxbet  forti  igHe  falphur.  Hoc 
fulphur  qvod  ab  his  metallls  cum  acido  vitrlolico 
cbt'metur,  prius  iisdem  inexiftere  nunqvam  demoaftrari  po- 
t€ft  5  necefle  ieiqve  ut  arte  produ^uni  confideretur.  (d) 
ExTEMPoRAH^iTM  SuLPHUR,  obtinctur  arte  produftum 
fi  earhni  igmta  jnftillentur  nonnull»  guttul*  oki  vitriolu 
unde  lUtim  odor  fulphureus  percipicur.  Praeteresi  gedbl- 
jium  fulphur  &  plurimia  metallis,  modo,  qvem  cbemici 
traduntt  magia  vel  minus  artificiofo ,  imo  ab  ipfo  turpe^ 
tba  m'ntrali^  ounqvam  vcro  fine  w4a  vitrioHcM^  praeplUari 
poteft, 

Ab  bis  diverfis  experlmentif  &  generatlonis  modis  (lilis  e- 
lucet,  julpbur  mineraleefk  componturo  corpus,  ab  aeida  1;/- 
trioUco  &  maeriafura  inftammdbili  ^  atpote  fine  qvibus  nul- 
lum ftilphor  producl  poteil.  Tertefiye  in  fulphure  puro  nil 
adcft .  fiqvidem  flilphur  purom  nihil  refidul  poft  deflagra- 

.  tfonem  vel  fubliroationeni  relinqvit«  nutlam  &  fitltg^tncm 
fub  defl^graeione  prsbet ,  atqve  ad  gcnefln  (blphuris  ar- 
tificialem  nulla  reqvlrieur  terra,  Unde  ergo  tolldltas? 
J&uofum  In  Tulphure  non  demonftrari  poleft.  Sine  aqva 
(blphur  produci  poffe  indioavimus,  &  reiplk  produci  com^ 
probat  indoles  acidl  vltriolici,  partem  aavofaro,  in  com-» 
blnatione  cum  materia  inflanuMbili,  excludentis.  Aqvo^ 
fum  inffiirttu  vitriol^  fubipCi  ckftlUatioiie  ab  aSr^  com- 
municatur  cum  acido« 

Proportin  addi  in  rel^ftu  ad  materiam  snflammahilem  ititulphu-^ 
re  difficulter  determinari  potefl.  Nos  perfvafi  gravitatem 
fpecificam  acidi  cancMrati  multls  vtcibus  fuperare  gravi- 
tatem fpecificam  materia?  fnflammabilis ,  exiftimamus  maP^ 
fam  hujusphlogiftlcaBmateriaB  e(fesqvalem,  fmon  majorem, 

2vam  ma(fa  qvae  ab  acido  tbrmatur.  Videtur  enim  impof- 
bile  ut  k  parva  qvantitate  materia  inflammabilis  um  din 
durans  Ignis  haberetur  a  fulphure,  qvalis  tamen  reverare- 
peritur ;  ut  retlceamus  fulphur  (\ia  in  compofitione,  »qva- 
li  fere  vf  attradiva  ad  inflammabilem  materiam  feu  oleo- 
fum  atqve  ad  alkali  fixum  gaudere ,  qvod  vix  fieri  pof- 
fet,  fi  acidum  eflet  domlnans.  Qvid  impedit  qvo  minus 
dicamus  fulpbut  nil  aliud  efle  qvam  iuflanmnbile  concentratum 
forma  folida  feu  terreftri,  fi  fimul  confideremus  aeidi  vi- 
triolki  indolem  in  f>)rophoris  ac  originem  a  aobU  ladica- 
Um  §n  86.  CUjl  circa  aciik  mimralia  Otf,  4, 

15  o^ 


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138    .  tH(o)«$ 

Olf.  9.  Ad  indolm  fulpbwrU  qyai  attineC  ^  brocket  iadiea- 
re  volumus. 

C^J  Qvod  ititegre  filvatttr  ah  oleis  txprejjis  ^  defl'tUatis^  acc^ 
dente  calore^  uc  indicant  chemici.  Hinc  malTa  vel  mix- 
tura  producitur  plus  minus  tenax,  proot  ma^is  vel  minus 
diluta  fuerit ,  colore  obfcare  rubro^  qv«  Ibaljamtu  fulpburh 
appellatur,  atgve  ob  colocem  &  odorem  mfratum.  Hepar 
fulpbttfis  okofunL 

(b)  A  Jalihut  alkaiimt  fixh  folvitur  etiam  fuiphur  inleg:re, 
unde  bepof  fulpburifJaHnum  producitur;  qvod  vi^  JUca 
praeparatum,  pet  fhfionemjulpburis  cum  aaatica  vel  dupla 
parte  ytf|(/  aVcalim^  fucceffi ve  in  crocibulo  ignito  cochlea- 
f  im  ingerendo ,  &  madam  deinde  bene  fluentem  in  Upidem 
marmoreum  efiiindendo,  eonftituic  mafJam  fuTco  rubentcm, 
foetehtem,  firagil^m,  aqva  &  oleo  roluhilem*  bepati  ^mi-^ 
lem,  unde  &  nomen  obtinuie.  Viubumida  obtinetur  aoalo- 
gon  ,  (i  decoqvatur  rutphur  cum  forti  Uxivio  alkalino^  qvod 
vocatur  beparjUpburh  Uijvidum.  Gaudet  hoc  bepw  Jklpbu-^ 
fis  falinum  in(igni  vi  omnia  folvendi  metalla,  eeiam  ipfum 
aufum^  &  iu  folvere  ut  fluida  absqve  corrofivitate  uant 
Hinc  elucet  falsa  alkaUna  non  adbiberi  pofie  ad  prscipi- 
tanda  metalla,  per  fufionem,  i  mineris  fulphurelsnon,  auf 
imperfefte  calcinatis«  qvum  k  ftilphure  praefente  vel  re- 
lido  non  poteft  non  cum  (ale  alkaliuo  fixo  produci  k- 
par  fulpburis^  qvo  fcorificantur  metalku 

(c)  Solvitur  qvoqve  fulpbur  a  calce^  mitiffimo  Igne  dia  con- 
tinuato*  unde  prodit  maffa  fragilh  gri/ia,  qvae  hepatico 
exiftens  fapore,  bepar  fulpburir  calcareum  vocsfturf  qvo  re- 
fraftarii  in  igne  lapides  ad  fufionem  facile  redigi  polTunt. 

ObJ.  3.  Circa  aEliwem  fulpburh  in  mtalla  tf  femimetdlU  qv» 
maxiroi  eft  moment!  in  fundamental!  cognitione  minera- 
logica  &  metallurgica,  ut  fciatur,  generaliter  indicare  vo- 
lumus  feqveatia  momenta,  (a^  Qvod  folvat  omnia  metal- 
la,  auro^  platim  &  sdnco  exceptii •  Hinc  origo  plurimaruni 
venarum  metallicarum ;  m/ff^ra  argenti  vitrea^  mintrm 
cutri  latrea,  plumbago^  minera  auiimoniif  cinuabarist  imo 
iple  pyritef,  (b)  Non  folvat  cineres  &  crocos  metallo- 
rum,  auc  eorundem  terram,  exceptis  calcibus  plumbi  ^  nic^ 
coU  &  wifmtUbi;  fulpbur  etenim*  hoc  in  punfto,  non  alit^ 
agere  pocefl  q vam  acidum  vitriolicum.  Hinc  nulla  terra  nul« 
la  calx  metallica  cum  fulpbure  minerali(ata  adhuc  eft  re- 
peita*  (cj  Qvod  omnia  meulla   non  aeqvalem  ftifclpianc 

Sul- 


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fnlphuris  copiam.   jlrgentum  ,  plumbum  ^  mereurius  SLy^vif- 
mutbum  vix  ultra  7  partem  fulphuris  retinent;  cMprum  fere 
j  partem  ;  ferrum  I*  partem ;  regulus  antimonii  iere  oimidiam ; 
jiannum  dimidiaro  fere   fui  ponderis  qvantitatem   fulpburii 
fufcipit,  fed  nihil  retinae,   prxterqvam  portiunculam  qva 
fcoriticarur.    (d)  Sulphur  metallis'adbaerens,   pro  diverfa 
metallorum  nacura  feparari  poteft.   I  :  o  ,  Tojlione  feu  uflu- 
Utione^  admiolculo  aeris  inllituta ,  hac  via   fadle  fepara- 
tur  ^h  argento,  plumbo^  flanno,  wifmutbo;   difficulter  k  reguld 
gntimonii;   difficillime  &   nunqvam  complete     k  cupro  & 
ferro.     a:o,  Detonatiouc  cum  iiUro;   prout  cbemici  iodi- 
cant.    3:0-^  DaoSiione  cum   acidis    mineralibui^    qv»  raro 
locum,  habet,  qvo  &  iu  cafu  calciuaatur  metalla  4  men- 
ftruo  feparaoda*   4:0;  Decoftione  cum  forti  lixivio  alka- 
Una  qvidpiam  fulphuris  ^  metallis  nonn»llis  feparari  po" 
tcft.     5-"0,  Pracipitatione  fu/arta  inftituta ,  J!v£  cum  foHbus 
tf^Urrif  alkaHnis ,  qvo  in  cafu  pracipitantur  metaila  for- 
ma calcinata ;  plerumqve  &  firoul   fcorificantiir  ab  hepate 
Julpbufit^   qvod  formatur   vcl  k  Jhle  vcl  i  ealce .  metallum 
folvcQte;  five  cum  metallit^  qvo  folo  cafu  praecipitantur  Jk 
fulphure  foluta  metalla  ^  forma  perfe<9;e  metallieay    non  ve- 
ro  caicina^;  in  hunc  finem  fertum  conducit,    qvod  ma- 
3d0Ui  nudet  attraftione  ad  fulphur,  idqve  k  reliqvis  me- 
tiQjb  HifEcienter  feparat    (a)  Hinc  patet,  qvod  iotegra 
vetalla  fulpbure  folvantur  &  fulphuri  immixta  inexiftant; 
alias  etenim    integra,   &   forma  metallica ,  fine  reducente 
materia  prscipitari  non  poflent.     Hinc  porro  ftuit,  'qvod 
calcinatiofies  metaiiorum   k  fulphure  non  fiant  fub  folu- 
tione  fed  fub  fulphuris  feparatione^  (f )  Non  tamen  omnia 
meulla  a  fulphure   avolante  calcinantur ;    etenim  aurum^ 
"  mgtttttim  &  mercufiut  k  ftilphure  five  (blvente  five  avolan- 
te catcinari  non  poflunt ,  ita   licet    videatur ;   fine  omni 
^  namqve  reducente  materia  refiitui  pofiunt.      Idem  valet 
ydc  platiua.    Plumbum  qvoqve  nonoiU  incomplete   calcioa- 
•fur;  ftatmum  pot'us  fcorificatur   qvam  calcinatur.  (g^Sul- 
^phur  oon  volatilifat  metalla^  fed  eadem  potius  in  igne  con- 
fiervat  vel  fcorificat,  veU  dum  vaporetcnus   feparatur, 
^calcinat. 

wf  4-   Pyritem  qvod  adtinet,  ut  nos  breviter  expcdiamus 
i|inprimi9,  cum  Hbmckblio,  qvi  in  fua  pyritologia  eundem 
laboriofe  es^mfnavit,  obfervamus  ratione  co/orix  plures  efle 
fflineras,  qv£  hoc  nomine  compellari  folent. 

0)  Pyrites  pallide  flavurfulpbureuSt  qvi  idem  eft  qvi  i  non- 
nullis  vdcatur  pyrites  martialit .  vel  pyrites  vttriolicus  2ut 
pyrites  aluminaris ,  qvum  ab  eodem  &  fulphuc   &  ferrumi 

qvi- 


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qvibus  ut  ptrtibufl  conftltutlvis  eft  compofitus «  ohtineri 
poteft ,  arqv©  alio  ©odo  traftaeus,  fulpbur^  vhriolum  &  aluri 
'  men  ab  eodem  pneparari  pofTun^  Hie  eft,  qyen\  defcripTi,* 
mus  Spec,  287,  '8B  fie  t89« 

(b^  Pyri^^'  Mc^f*  qvi  flib  priori  Q)ecie  i  nonnullif  com-i 
prehendi  folet,  qvera  HififCKEL  reticuiffe  videtuift  qvi 
ininori  copia  (blpliuns,  maiori  autem  ferri  conilat,  adeo-. 
q¥e  fi  Qvif  alius,  bic  cert^  pyn^9i  marm/ixappelUixdus; 
&  bic  eft  qvem  d^fcripfiinQS  Spec,  apo^t 

(c)  Pyrkcf  Mut^  qvi  pyrites  Mrfini^lk  appdhrl  iWet,  utpo^ 
te /errum  arfaUco  filutum  contineos;  col6re  eft  aut  albo 
atH  einereOf  &  loter  minfitar  dtfenicalet  defcribltur,  ubi  vo* 
catur  ninera  arfinki  alffi^,  &  mineta  tktjtnici  cinerea^  Hip  cuia 
vera  pyrite  fulphareo  coofundatur^ 

(d)  PyriUf  fiavus  vcl  fiavo  vifidif;  vocatq?  alias  pytitef  CU" 
fri;  rcipf*  vero  eft  mineta  cupri^  qv»  cuprum  pyrite  ful* 
pburea  folucum  coatinet  Hac  itaqve  in  minera,  ipre  py- 
rites confiderandus  ut  medium  roiaeraliratioois,  in  qva  nii- 
oufl  fulphuris  adeft,  cuprm  vero  ut  acci4tatale.&  ^dyeor 
titium  Tolutum  contiuet, 

Pyrites  auri^  qvi  vocatur ,  etiam  elkftavo.  colore  ^  ad  mine^. 
ras  nuri  referendus  «  durum  ^  pleruo^qve  una  quqx  cu^ra^ 
pyrite  falpbureo  follitum  conftineos^ 

'His  elucet,  omnem  pyritem  vet  nt  minermn  confidertoduiii, 
qvx  ferrum  fulphure.  aut  arfenico  folutum  contioet,  adeo« 
qve  duplicem  dari  pyritem ,  nempe  fulpburtum  &  drfem- 
caiem^  qvi  to  eq  conveniuat  qvod  ferrum  contineant; 
vel  ut  medium  mineralifaticmis  conQder^ndum ,  utpote  dir 
verfa  metalla  foluta  cootiaeus. 

0\f.  S«  In  omni  pyrite  prster  partes  conftitutivas «  i  no- 
bis  nuper  iodicatas  contendit  H^nchb^  &  plurespoftil* 
lum,dari  terram  ^vnndam  non  'metallicam^  eanderoqve  ut  py< 
ritem  conftituens  confiderari  deberej  fed  conviAi  fumus 
hu)iismodi  tcrram  non  -  metallieam,  I  matricediftiaftam,  oeqve 
per  analyfln  neqveper  fynthefm  demonftraripolTei  eteoim 
\i  pyrite  fulpburea,  nil  nifi  fulphur  &  ferrum  nbrineri  po- 
teft;  &  fatis  notum,  pyn'tem  artificiatem  ^h  limatura  mar-^ 
tis&fulpbure  praeparari  poiTe,  ut  reticeamus,  mctalla  cum 
huiusmodi  terris  noa^  metallicis  nunqvam  corabiaari  pofle, 
nifi  prius  fuerint  min^raHfata,  Teu  a  ft<itu  metalUco  in  alium 
(latum  rcdada.  cfr.  Element.  MetaUurg,  p.  179,  Eft  itaqve 
fua  nacura  verus  pyrites  Julpbureus  uil   niii  ferrum  fuipbu- 

rdtum^ 


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riium^  ejusdem  fere  iodolis  cum  aliis  tti^illis  (blphuratis,^ 
&  pyriUf  albus  oil  Dili  fcnum  atjcnicatum ,  ^  ejusdem  tere 
iaduiU  cum  aliis  metallit  arfcmptis.  Pyritem  ergo  qvi 
dicunt  ^  miueris  diftiogvenduDf^a  ^aliena  ab  Uiis  eile  in- 
dole,  k  via  defleftere  videntur^ 

Ohf.  6.  Rtperiiur  pyritis  fulpburetu^  iiort  folum  Iti  tsrtdhm 
Jhstif^  utpote  10  dfgillAf  xrcta^  mdrga^  in  rent  bus,  gieb;s 
aut  truftulis  feparacis;  fed  &  in  diverfis  lapidibus  dlverfa 
forma  &  figura  inh^rens »  utpore  in  iapide  ^akdreo^  fpatbo^ 
foatzo^  Jitice  ^  petrofilice^  zetditbo^  baJUte^  fciifto^  torneo^  mi- 
c«,  faxis  ^c.  Ktiam  bituminofis  corporibus,  uC  iitbmtbracct 
imo,  pctrificatis  plurimis,  ujide  ejusdem  geneucio  hodidrna 
pilet.  Keperitur  qvoqve  venax  conftiaiens,  Vel  Jditarie: 
hoc  e(l>  line  alius  metalU  admifcelU ;  ut  ad  Dyha  io  Ne- 
rictd  &  alibi  i  Vel  folutum  contioens  aUvd  metalluin^ 
adeo  ut  vix  dabilis  fodina  metallica,  in  (]va  pyrites  al- 
terutto  roodo  don  hofpitet ,  tarn  io  protuudiflunis  locii 
Qvam  io  fupetficie  &  in  die^  Adeii  qVoqve  in  Jhratif 
fcbiji  &  titbantbr4eiu 

Ohf.  7^  PyriU  futpbuYei  tidio  in  Mtdlldi  fi  nott  major,  tJ* 
men  aeqvalis  cum  tortidimo  bcpate  juipb\}fUy  qvo  omnia, 
Dt  indicaVimus  Obf.  a*,  lit  b^  folvuntur  metalla%  Hinc 
000  nriiruro%  qvod  plura  meralla  pytite  ^  in  qyo  fulpbur 
exiftit  fixatum;.  foiuta  &  mioeraliVaca  reperiantur,  qvam 
fulphure  folOi  Pytium  fen  ferrum  jkipburatnnu  folVere<iarii« 
antea  inoutrndSt  \^tiit  pyrites  wri;  /)/A/foM  fimiliter  foU 
vi,  ab  experientia  didici ;  atqve  i  reiiqvia  met^Uis  &  fe- 
mimeuUis  vix  uoumdatur,  qVod  aon  pyrite  folutum  alt- 
qvaodo  in  fodiois  occurrat 

•  ;o,  XJt  pyritds  facile  fufibtlis^  fie  id  fufiooibaft  mldera* 
rum  metallicarum,  omnem  jcoriam  metalUcam  fecum  te« 
buiter  flueatem  faCit. 

3:5^  Potiflimum  inferVit  pyrites  ad  metalla  fulphurata  pro- 
ducenda>  in  qVero  fioem  mineris  metallicis  additur,  ubi 
DOn  teperitur.  nattiraliter  vel  oon  fufficieoter  admixtui* 

4:6,  Praedpuus  domitor/J-m,  id  ipfum  gf^rtim  fub  uJluU-^ 
tiombuSj  parcim  fub  fujionibus  dedruic 

S  >  b »  Mineras  in  lapides  fulpbureof  thetallteot  redigens  folvi^ 
&  receptaculum  prsbet  cupro^  argcato  &  auro  fe  io  bos 
lapides  recipieadl «  uode  ab  omoi  mecueado  peiiculo  li- 
krantun 

Obf. 

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i4a  fo^  C  o  )  K} 

Ohf.  8.  Fntijcentia  pyrita  in  Mire  depcndct  ab  aftione  fiil- 
pburis  in  terruoh,  accedente  humiditate  aeris ,  ut  patet  a 
limatura  martis  artific!'* liter  cum  (bipbure  mixta,  &  bume- 
Oara.  Fie  vero  hsc  fatifcencia  celerius  vei  tardius,  plus 
vel  minus «  pro  ratione  qvantiucis  fulpburts  &  prouc 
connexio  partium  fueric  laxior  aut  fortioft  atqve  matrix 
dura  vel  mollipr,  ut  iadicavimus  *?/>fr.  287.  Obf,  N:o  3. 
Hinc  reguls  Hehckelii  In  pyritol.  explicari  pofTunt,  di- 
centis  }  pyritem^  qvijimul  cuprnrn  V  arfentcum  ctmtinet ;  noa 
fine  pravta  cakinatione  in  aUre  vitriolefcere ;  pyriUm  vero  m 
cttpro  y  arjenico  libtratum ,  feu  fyritem  Julpbureum^  vitrioUJce^ 
re  atsfve  pntvU  cskinetitme. .  SuD  bac  tatifcentia  &  intria- 
feco  motu  ia  P7rice»  producicur  calor,  &  afceodit  ab 
eodem  vaper  eUfticut^  inflammahilit^  qvi  iocluftis,  dum  ac- 
cenditur,  magno  cum  impetu  &  explofiooe  in  inftaoti  de- 
flagrat.  Idem  fit,  fine  dubio,  locit  fubcerraneii,  accedeoce 
aqva.  Hiac  cdar  fukterraneuSj  ignis  fubterraneue  ^  term 
motus. 

Oif.  9.  A  minerif  dercriptis  eWcltnr  fulphur  t  :o,  ieftillatione^ 
qv«  diverfimode  peragitur  pro  ratioue  Ipfius  mioere, 
slibi  peragitur  bxc  deftilUtio  in  vafis  vel  urms  etgiUi^iit^ 
4  qvibus  n^inera  fulphurea  repleds,  per  canalet  atbendit  va* 

for  fulphureus  ia  alia  vafa  argiUacea  extra  furnum  pofita, 
qvibus,  per  foramen  io  vas  fubditum  exdjllat  /ulpbur, 
qvoddeQUodeftillandum,ut  purum  babeatur.  Hanc  deflil- 
landi  modum  ad  Solfatara  iu  ItMia  ufitatum  defcribit  No  l  let 
in  Mem.  Pat^  1752.  &  v.  De  Boma&b  io  Expof.  miu.  lu 
p.  tt84-  Similem  fere  deftillandi  modum  per  canales ,  ia 
Erzgebirge^  ufitatum  defcribit  R5sl£R  in  Bergbeufpieg.  & 
VoGEL  in  Minerahgia  p  315,  Hetc  in  Svecia  ad  VyM  in 
Nericia^  peragitur  deftillatio  in  ollis  fetreis^  pyrite  fuipbureo 
contufo  repletis,  qvibus  %lix  ollstenes  minorts  extra 
furnum  adglutinatae.  in  qvibus  ^Ipbur  eliqvatum  coUigl- 
tuir;  qvod,  leoi  calore  denuo  liqvefcendum,  ut  ad  iiin- 
dum  deponantur  beterogenea,  purum  vero  in  formulas  ef- 
fondendum.  Rejiduum  in  retortis  terreftre,  martiale,  a^f 
per  fexeonium  expofitum ,  ut  diluatur  acidum ,  dat,  per 
elixiviationem  vitnolum  viride^  atqve,  poft  banc  clixivia- 
tionem,  ab  ejusdem  lixivii  r^iiduo,  cum  iixivio  cinerum  mix- 
to  &  coAo,  alumen ,  bodierno  autem  die  alumlnis  codio 
omiflk;  ejus  lA:o,  atenui  terra  martially  per  loturam  fepa* 
rata,  vei  fub  vltrioli  cryftallifatione  ad  fundum  depouta^ 
prxparatur  forti  calcinatlooe  cokr  ruher  terreut^  qvxmocbra 
ferri  ruhra^  tenuis^  qvo  domus  piogi  folent ;  exficcatione 
autem  folari  calorfia-nus  terrcusj  qvi  eft  ocbrafcrri  flava, 

itidea 


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t><  C  O  )  K|  I4J 

Hhfem  ad  pifturas  ofualis  atq ve  ad  CioTOnda  Coria.  a ;  o ,  Per 
tifluhiiottem  i  roioeris  cupri  friglde  ufiulandis ,  prxparacut 
flilphur,  id  ipfum  iu  foveis  in  ^umulo  uftulatorio  faftis  col* 
ligeodoy  deiode  vero  liqvaado  &  deftillanda  uc  purun 
fiat.  cfr.  ScHf.UT£R  vOm  Hmitnve.  &  Yoqel  ia  Mm.l-c. 

Qvooiodo  alias  fulphur  tarn  k  pyrite  qvam  aliis  mineris  ar- 
tificiofe  ac  cheoiice  feparari  poifit,  boc  iadicavimua  (Obf. 
3.  lit.  d). 

Ohf,  lo.  Sulphur  eduftum  oon  eadem  eft  puritate. 

^a)  Sulphur  fiillatitium  vocatur  purillimum,  q  vod  ia  ipfum  vas 
recipteos  tetretim ,  fub  deftillatiooibus ,  tranfic;  ed  hoc 
pulcbre  fiavum  ac  Jhbsiliffimum^  Vocatur  qvidem  Julpburjtil^ 
uitttmm  etUm  iliud  qvod  fub  uftulationibus  (lillac  io  vafa 
repofita  ad  (oramem  fub  cumulo  uftulatorio  faAum ,  de« 
inoe  vero,  per  fufioaem  depuratum ;  fed  hoc  Don  eadem 
eft  puritate  ut  prius.  Sulphur  fliilatitiufn  etiam  i  montico- 
lis  id  appellari  foiet,  qvod  io  fodiiiis  nonaullis  parietibus 
idhcret ,  forma  fere  ftaUSitica. 

(b)  Sulphur  vujgare  id  yocatur»  qvod  colore  flavo  vel  flavo 
viridi,  modis  defcriptis,  eft  reaovata  deftillatione  velfu-* 
fiooe  depuratum.  Interea  tamea  ia  hoc  ipfo  fulpbure  all- 
qva  obfefvatur  diiferenda  ratiooe  puritatia,  uade  &  ail- 
qvaodo  tertia  vice  deftiliandum. 

(c)  Sulphur  cabbatinum  eft  grifeum,  aut  viride,  impurum  'reft- 
duum  in  retortis  per  renovatam  deftillationem  relidtumt 
adeoqve  mixtum,  terra^  fulpbure^  aliisqve  heterogeueiF. 

Obf.  II.  Ufus  Julpburit  eft  amplifllrous  ia  tbtmicisy  mcdicit 
nee  non  I  plurimis  artificibus;  ad  fulphuranda  vafa  qvi« 
bos  vinum  iotuodendum,  oe  in  eftervefcentiae  motum  ve- 
niat  /  ad  dealbationes  Jirici  &  lanae;  ad  pulvctm  pyrium  at«. 
qve  alios  igoes  artficialcs. 


/♦   114- 

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14*  ix  C  «>  )  >^ 

S*   114- 

Ordo     ^tias, 

SEMIMETALLA. 

SVCIL   HALtfMKtALL»a 
Gall.      DEMIMETAU2C 

Germ.  Halbmltallb 

{  :  O  ^  Sunt  corpora  miaeralia  i^  diverfa  eonfiftentia  ^  parum 
ttut  nihil  dudilia,  fed  ut  plurimum  fub  malico  fragilia* 

i:o^  Nitore\  dum  pufa  fiint^  gaudent  mctallico.     . 

3:0^  In  igne  vel  volatilia  funt  vel  fujibilia ;  nitorem  re* 
tinent  metallicum,  &  poft  fufioncm  rcfrigerata,  co» 
cunt  Temper  ftpcrficic  convcxa ,  eodcra  nitorc  ^  ut 
prius  ^  absqve  omni  mutatione. 

4 :  o.  Cum  unis  vel  lapidibuss  aut  aliis  hetcrogenciS  corpo^ 
ribus  ^  fub  fuiione  ^  in  metallico  ftatu  ^  non  func 
mifcibilia. 

5:0^  In  igni  diutius  retenU>  calcinantur  &  qvafi  tcrream 
indolem  fufcipiunt ,  calcinata  vitrificari  pofTunt,  & 
cum  aliis  heterogeneis  ^  terris  vel  lapidibus ,  in  fu- 
iionc  mifccri^  In  priilinum  autem  (latum  raetallicum 
.&  nitorem  reftitui  polTunt^  dum  mi^ta  cum  infiammt* 
bili  materia  fub  fufione  incorporantur, 

(5:0^  Gravitate  Jpecifica  gaudent  diverfa;  majofi  tamcft 
qvam  reliqva  corpora  mineralia ,    terrea  aut  lapidea* 

Obf,  I.  Plurlros,  ab  his  proprlctatibus  tam  metalUs  qvam  Ji* 
mimetallis  competunt ;  differunc  tamen  pofteriora  k  prio 
ribus  inprimis  duSiilitate^  qva  carent  femlmetalU,  nee  non 

Jcrfijientsa  in  igne^  qvae  major  ia  metalUs  qvam  femimetal- 
is  plurlmis  reperitur ,  prx^erea  qvoqve  in  nonnullis  .alilj 
circumftantfiSt  circa  qvodlibet  genus  defcribendis* 

Ob/.t.  Omnia  haecj  femimetalla ,  qvettiadmodum  &  mefallt« 
full  rep«riuntur  in  locis^fubterraneb*  Vel/orm  fluida.la 

'  non- 

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nonnullis'tffi;//  atqve   in  alia  fluida  materia  guhr  vocata, 
fed  hoc  de  paucis  inetallis  dici  poteft ;  vel  forma  vaporofa^ 
qvod  miderae    ejxefie   &   corrofs  comprobant;    vel  for- 
mi  foltda  in  minerii.    Miners  vero  femimetaliica  yel  metAl' 
lica  ilia  appellantur  corpora  inineralia,  qvs  cohtioent  (aj 
'uel  nudum  aut  naiivum  femimetallum ,    qvales  minerae  raro 
ia  Datura  occurruQt,  (b^  vel  id  ipfum  calcinatum,    feu  for- 
ma terreftri,  aitore  metallico  rpoliatum  contioentt  qvales 
etiam,  exceptis  mineris  fetri  &  cupri^  raro  occurrum  qvs 
&  ounqvam  jcum  fulphi^re  autarfeoico  vel  pyrite  mioera- 
lifata  reperiuncur,  (c)  vel  deQiqve/b/ji^ti/if  &  combinatuoi 
cum  fulphure  aut  arfsnico,    vel  his  utrisqve,  aut  pyrite 
fulphureo  vel  arfenicali,  xnmatrice  terreftri  aut   lapidea. 
H«e   pofteriores  miners  funt  treqventiflimae,  in  qvibus  fe- 
miruetalla  &  metalla  non  forma  calcioata  aut  terreftri,  fed 
forma  pura  metallica  efl'e  immixta,  mdlcavimns  in  Qbf.  de 
fulphure  V  pyrite   Obf  3.  lit.  e.  infuper  vero  demonftratuf 
ab  eliqvatione  eorundem  k  fua  minera,  ab^qve  inflamma* 
bill  materia  reducente,  &  notum  de  reguh  antimonii^  wifmu^ 
tbo^  mercurioy  plumbo ,   Jlanno  ,  argento^  Muro.  cfr.  Elm.  Me* 
tdliurgia^  p.  17a.  Obf. 

ifetrix  vocafur  terrB  aut  lapis  ^  qvi  mineram  metallicam  10- 
fperfam  aut  immixtam  habef.  Hinc,  unius  [metalli  mioera 
fnterdum  matrix  alterius  efle  poteft ,  &  reipfa  fspe  iave- 
Qitar. 

Ipr«ergo  miners  metallorum  &femimetallorum  non  lisprs- 
ditae  proprietatibus,  qvasdercripfimns,  fiqvldem  igne  fa- 
cile aut  in  fcoriam  aut  vitrum  fundi  poflunt;  eatenus  vero 
hue  referendse  atqve  defcribendae,  circa  qvodllbet  metal- 
lun  &  femimetallum  figillatim,  qvateaus  metallum  vel  fe- 
mimetallum  continent,  qvod  ab  iis  eliqvari  aut  feparari 
poteft*  In  docimafticis  indicatur  qvomodo  mineral  proban- 
ds ^  beic,  utoculis  occurrunt,  cum  nonnullis  fuis  pro- 
prietatibus,  ut  bene  agnofci  poftint,  funt  defcribends. 

Olf.  3.  Semimetalla,  ante  noftra  tempora  nondili  fuifKiye  fue- 
runt  numer^ta,  mercurius^  arfenicumy  regulut  antmonii .  wif- 
mutbumy  zineum,  hodierno  autem  tempore  bina  accelTerunt 
deteda,  cobaitum  &  nickolum^  unde  numerus  promanat  fep- 
teaarius. 

Eadem  eft  ratio  metallorum^  qvs  olim  nonnlfi  fex  fuerunt  co- 
{^ita,  ferrumt  cuprum^  plumbum^  fiannum,  argentum^  awrum,  qvi- 
bus noftro  9VO  acceflif  platinaj  unde  &  feptem  habemus 
metalla^    Sed,  qvis  dlxerit  adhuc  plura  noa  detegi  poITe? 

Tom.  U.  K  5-  tif- 

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lU  >^  C  o  )  >^ 

Ordo     pias. 

SEMIMETALLA. 

Svcih.  HALtfMEtALLUR 
Gall.      DfiMlMETAUX 
Germ.   HALBMLtALLtt 

S  :  O  ^  Sunt  corpora  mineralia  ^  diverfa  eonfiftentia  ^  parum 
aut  nihil  dudilia,  fed  ut  plurimura  fub  mallco  firagilia* 

tiOi  Nitore\  dum  pufa  funt^  gaudent  mctallico.     . 

^:o^  In  igne  vel  volatilia  funt  vcl  fujibilia^  nitorcm  re* 
tinent  metalUcura ,  &  poll  fufionem  rcfrigerata ,  cO» 
eunt  Temper  fuperficie  convexa  ^  eodem  nitore  ^  ut 
prius  ^  absqvc  omni  mutatione. 

4 :  o.  Cum  terris  vel  lapidibus^  aut  aliis  lietcrogenciS  corpo* 
ribus  ^  fub  fulione  ^  in  metallico  ftatu  ^  non  Ibnt 
mifcibilia. 

< :  o  ^  In  igni  diutius  retenta ,  calcinantur  &  qvafi  terr earn 
indolera  fufcipiunt ,  calcinata  vUrifaari  poflunt,  & 
cum  aliis  faeterogeneis  ^  terris  vel  lapidibus »  in  fii- 
fionc  mifceri^  In  priftinum  autem  ftatum  raetallicum 
&  nitorem  reftitui  poflunt)  dum  mixta  cum  inflamma* 
bili  materia  fub  fufione  incorporantur.  -  - 

(S:o^  Gravitate  .fpecifica  gaudent  diverfa;  majofi  tamcn 
qvam  reliqva  corpora  mineralia ,    terrea  aut  lapidea» 

0*/;  I.  Plurlmae,  ab  his  proprietatibus  tam  metallif  qyam  y5r- 
mimetallis  competunt ;  differunt  tamen  pofterlora  h  prio- 
rlbus  inprlmls  duMitatty  qva  carcnt  femtmetalla,  nee  non 

{erfijletttta  in  igne^  qvae  major  la  metalUs  qvam  femimctal- 
\s  plurlmis  reperitur,  pr«rcrea  qvoqveln  nonnullis  .alilJ 
circumftantfis,  circa  qvodlibet  genus  defcribcmlis. 
Oi/.t.  Omnia  hacj  femimetalla ,  qvettadmodum  &  meraUc« 
iuii  rep«riuntur  in  locis  fubterraneU.  Vel  firm  fiuida,  \a 
'  non- 

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{X  C  O  )  Kj  145 

nonnvlUs' afvif  atqve   ia  alia  fluida  materia  gulr  vocata, 
fed  hoc  de  paucis  metallis  dici  poteft ;  vcl  form^  vapotofa^ 
qvod  miilerae    exefae   &   corcofae  comprobant;    vel  for- 
fsj  fdiia  in  mineris.    Miners  vero  femimetaliica  yfei  mettU- 
lic^  ilia  appellancur  corpora  mineralia,  qvs  cootioent  (aj 
vel  nudum  aut  mthum  femimetalium,    qvales  miners  rare 
ia  oatura  occurruac,  (b^  vel  id  ipfum  calcinatum^    feu  for* 
iDa  terreflri*  nicore  metallico  fpoliatum  contiaent*  qvales 
etiam,  exceptis  mmeris  fetri  6l  cuprt\  raro  occurruot  qvs 
&  ounqvam  j:um  rulphi^re  autarfenico  vel  pyrite  mioera* 
iifaCa  reperiuntur,  (c)  vel  deQiqveyb/»fiMi  &  combinatuai 
cum  fulphure  aut  arOsnico,    vel  his  utrisqve,  aut  pyrite 
fulphureo  vel  arfenicali ,  jo  matr/r^   terreftri  aut   lapidea* 
Kcd   pofteriores  miners  Tunc  treqventiiTims,  in  qvibus  fe- 
mimecalla  &  metalU  non  forma  calcioata  aut  terreftri,  fed 
forma  pura  metallica  efle  immizta,  indicavimns  in  Obf,  de 
fulpbare  tf  py^ii^   Obf.  3.  /it.  e.  infuper  vero  demonftratur 
ab  eliqvatione  eorundem  k  fua  mioera,  ab^qve  inflamma- 
bill  materia  reduceate,  &  notum  de  regulo  antimottii^  wifmUr 
tbo^  mercurioy  plumbo ,   Jlanuo  »  argento^  auro.  cfr.  Elenu  Me* 
Ulittrgia^  p.  17a.  Ob/l 

Matrix  vocarur  tenM  aut  lapis  ^  qvi  mineram  metallicam  in- 
fperfam  aut  immixtam  babef.  Hinc,  unius  [metalli  roinera 
ioterdum  matrix  alterius  efle  poteft ,  &  reipfa  fspe  iove* 
oitor. 

Ipfs  ergo  miners  metallorum  &  femimetallorum  non  iisprs- 
dits  propriecatibust  qvasdercripfimos,  (iqvidem  Igne  fa* 
cile  aut  in  fcoriam  aut  vitrum  fundi  poflunt;  eatenus  vero 
hue  referends  atqve  defcribends,  circa  qvodlibet  metal- 
lum  &  femimetallum  figillatim,  qvateous  metallum  vel  fe- 
mimetallum  continent,  qvod  ab  iis  eliqvarl  auc  fepararl 
poteft.  In  doemafticii  indicatur  qvomodo  miners  proban- 
ds «  taeic ,  ut  oculis  occurrunt,  cum  nonnulUs  fuis  pro- 
prietatibus»  ut  bene  agnofci  pofliat,fuat  defcribends. 

Obf.  3.  Semimetalla^  ante  noftra  tempora  nondili  ^inqye  fue- 
nint  numer^ta,  mcfcurius^  arfenicum^  regutur  antmonsi  ^  wip- 
wttitbumj  zineuM,  hodierno  autem  tempore  bina  acceiTerunt 
deteda,  eobaltum  &  niMum^  unde  numerus  promanat  fep- 
teoariua. 

Eadem  eft  ratio  metallorum^  qvs  ollm  nonnift  fex  fuerunt  co- 
gnita^  ferrum^  cuprum^  plumum^  fiannum,  argentum^  tfvrnai,  qvi- 
bus noftro  svo  acceflit  platina,  unde  &  feptem  habemus 
metalla,    Sed,  ^vis  dixeric  adhuc  plura  aoa  detegi  polfe? 

Tm.  U.  K  5-  "f- 

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I4i  tH  C  o  >  >4 

§.   115. 

i.MERCURIUS.  Hydrargyrum. 

Gen.  45* 
ARGENTUM    VIVUM. 

Svcth,   QUlCKSILPWER 

Gall.   MERCU&B  ou  ViP  ARG^(fT..  V.  De-£oha.> 

RB   48.  •  * 

Germ.   QuECKSivBER 

1 ;  0 ,  Eft  corpus  opacum ,  coLort  ^rgenteo  nitens  ^^  fluidum 
fed  non  madefaciens ,  .minimo  atta^a  in  giobulos  ma- 
xime  mobiles  divifibile. 

jt;0),/H  eure  ^  Jft;^  immutabilc  pefmanet;  a^ris  niajori 
calore  cxpanditur,  minori  condenfatiir;  fummum  ve- 
to frigoris  gradum  cxigit  pfiusqvara  folidam  fufcipcre 
poffit  confiftentiam',  qveraadmodum  expcrimcnta  Pe- 
trapoli  primum*inftituta  circa  congelationem  ejusdem 
luculenter  comraonftrant ;  a  qvibus  patct ,  /ngi^  na- 
turale  intenfiflimum  licet ,  non  tamen  mercurium  in 
corpus  folidum  condenfarc  potuifle  ^  priusqvam  frigo- 
re  artificiali ,  niediante  nive  &  fpiritu  nitri  fumantey 
niagis  intenfum  ac  fortificatum  fucric.  Frigore  fic  co* 
agulatus  mercurius ,  plumbo^  facie,  roollitie  &  mallea- 
bilitate  fimilis  evadit,  fed,  diminuto  parum  frigore^ 
iterum  fluidam  aflumit  priftinam  naturam  &  confjften-* 
tiam,  &  hoc  in  modofe  inftar  aqve  &  altorum  li- 
qvorum  habet»  Hinc  elucet  mercurii  fluiditatem  efle 
a  calore» 

5:0,  Gravitate  fpecifica  pfoxime  ad  aurum  accedit;  crania 
namqve  roetalla  &  femimetalla  raercurio  innatant ,  ex- 
ceptis  auro  &  j^latina.  Eft  vero  ejusdem  gravitas 
fpecifica  in  proportione  ad  aqvam  ut  14,000  vel 
15953:21000. 

4:0.  In  igm  non  perfe£le  calcinabile ^  multo  minus,  vi- 
trificabUe;  avolat   ignis  gradu    paulo    majori  qvam 

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Iw  C  o  )  wH  147 

qvo  aqva  cbullit.  Eft  taraen  in  pidverem  nigrum^ 
fineigne,  mutabile,  mediante  tritura  &  motu ;  in 
puliwem  autem  rubrum ,  in  igne ,  aut  per  deftiUatio- 
ncm,  aut  per  digeftionem  &  fublitnationem,  qvas  po* 
fterior  operatio  leni  igne  infticuenda  ^  ac  din,  per 
menfes ,  fucceflive  colorem  augcndo ,  continuanda. 
Hi  vcro  pulveres  nigri  vel  rubri,  fdrtiori  igne  ad 
maximam  partem  iterum  in  mercurium  currentem  redi- 
gi  poffiinc,  absqve  reduccnte  materia. 

5:0,  Sdvitur  ab  acido  vitriolico  concentratiflimo ,  fub  co- 
£lura  ,  &  in  calcem  albam  mutatur ,  cujus  pars  aqva 
felvi  &  crjrftallifari  poteft,  pars  vero  infoluta  ad  fun- 
'  dum  prascipicatur  &  flavum  fMfcipit  colorem ,  dum 
calx  calida  in  aqvam  frigidam  efFuhditur.  Haec  flava 
prscipitata  calx  .edulcorata,  eft  qvas  vocatur  turps- 
tbum  minerale. 

^:d,  Solvitur  fpiritu  rritri  vel  aqva  forti^  fine  calorc;  k 
qva  folutione  mercurlus  praecipitatus  cum  fale  alkgUno 
volatili  &  fale  communi  album  induic  colorem  ;  -  cum 
alkali  fixo,  autert^  prscipitatus  ^  flavum  fufcipit  colo- 
rem. In  hac  folutione  eft  alias  mercurius  facile  cty< 
ftallifabilis.  Qvoraodo  ab  hac  folutione  arbores  Dia- 
na ^  kn  vegctationes  mercurii  haberi  poffunt;  hoc 
indicavi  in  J£t.  Stockb.  Vol.  XV. 

7.*o,  Solvitur  qvoqve  aqva  regis  61  fptritu  falis^  fi  acido 
nitri  prius  fuerit  calcinatus,  Hinc  mercurius  fubli^ 
matus. . 

!:o.  Cum  fulpbure  contritus,  vel  in  fulpbur  leni  igne 
fufum  dura  fucceflTive^infunditur  &  raixtura  bene  ^gi- 
tatur ,  coit  cum  fulphure  in  maffam  nigram,  qvoe  vo*» 
catur  atbiops  mineralis  ^  a  qvo>  per  fublimationem, 
cinnabaris  pbtinetur. 

9**0,  Solvit  mercurius,  fi  non  omnia  tamen  plera^ve 
metalla,  mediante  tritura  &  adjuvantexralore;  ai"- 
turn ,  (^gentum  t  ftannwn  ^  plumbum,  zincum^  vsifim  ? 

K  %  tbumi 


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M8  fW  (  o  )  «l 

ibumi  difficiliuS)  cuprum^  &  adhuc  difEcilius, /errtm 
&  regulum  antimonii  &l  qyidem  nonnifiprsvia  qvadam 
hbram  prssparatione.  Hae  folutiones  vocantur  amal' 
gamata^  .qv» ,  pro  qvantitate  mercurii ,  majori  vel 
minori  gaudent  molli  &  firagili  confiftentia ,  fab  fa- 
cie bomogenea  materia  vel  maOa.  Ipfa  autem  operatio 
vocatur  amalgamatio.  ^^maigama  auri  eft  qvo  aari- 
fabri  ad  imtirdtiones  argenti  &  aipri  utuntur.  Fun- 
damentHm  Vero  hujas  inaurationis  confiftit  in  volatili' 
tale  mercuruj  unde,  acfcedentc  ^calore  facile  in  auram 
diflipatur,  remanente  auro*   . 

Ohf.  Mtrcutium  reterunt  alii  ad  met  alia,  fciliceC,  ob  ejusdem 
puriutem,  immutafoilitacei^  ia  igne  &  gravicatem  rpe^ifi« 
cam,  oec  aon  dudil'Cacem,  dum  congeiacus  eft,  qvibiis 
proprietatibus  pcoxime  ad  metalla,  Imo,  in  noonuflis,  ad 
mecalla  perfeSa  accedit;  alii  ad  ftmmetalla  ob  ejusdem 
maxitnatD  I\ibtilitatem>  volatilitatem  in  igoe  &  deteftum 
malleabilicatis  in  ftacu  aaturalk  Alii  ad  oeutrum  ab  his 
metalUs  Vel  femimetallis,  referendum  )udicant,  ob  com*, 
snuoes  qvasdam ,  cum  utrisqve,  proprieeaces.  Alii  deni« 
qve  dicunt  mercurlum  etk  principium  metaUorum.  I^oscui- 
cuoqVe  lubencer  fuam  relinqvimus  fententiam,  exiftiman- 
tes  vero  eundem  prDpltis  ad  femimetalla  qvam  metalla  ac- 
cedere,  ob  proprietaces  iadicaca<  &  defeftum  duftiUcatis 
in  ftatu  iiacurali,  fed  primum  aflienavimus  locom »  ut,  fi 
placet,   feparatim  ^confiderari  pol^^ 

i«  MERCURIU5  lArginms.    Hvb&AacYRUM  itativum. 

Spec  279* 
Hydrargyrum  nudum  fluidum.  v.  Livsi  ii^.u 
Mercurius  nativus  virgineus.  Cromstedt  a  17* 

Sveth.  GfiDlG£T  QwiCKSlLBBH 

Gall.  Mercure  vierge*     v»  De  Bomars^  Spec. 

Germ*  Gedieg^kes   Qubcksilber 

Eft  mercurius    fluidus  ^     roetallica    fua    forma  ^  fine 
peregrina   mifcella,  terris,    lapidibus^  velmineris   infper- 


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f>i  (  o  )  K}  149 

fas;  9ciilis  inprirois  arroatis  conlpicuus,  fuo  i  domicilio^ 
leai  calore,  inierdum  colore  manus^  cxftillans,  qvod  & 
QoncuiBone  cvcnit. 

(a)  Httdrargyrum  nativum,  purum. 

Forma  raetallica,  fine  mifcella,  in  fiffuris  &.  rimif 
montium  fluens  reperitur,  &  in  cavitatibus  in  fundo 
vel  parietibus  coUigi  poteit     Hydria.  ^America. 

(b)  HyDRARGTR.ui^  NATiyuM)  t^a  mixtum^    Ter- 
ra  M£RCURlALlJi;» 

Eft  terra,  ajba,  rubra  ant  casruIefQens,  calcarea  aut 
argillacea,  maxime  gravis,  in  qva  mercurius  pie- 
rnmqve  vifibiliter ,  faltem  terra  difflraQa  aut  coptufa^ 
hofpitat ,  majori  vel  minori  eopia ,  interdum  ad  70 
pro  ccnten^riQ.  Hydria  in  argilla^  Almada  in  Hi- 
fparm 

(c)  H^DRARQTRuM  NATiytJM,  lopidi  mmixtum.  La- 
pis. I^ERCUR^IALIS^ 

Eft  mercurius.  in  diverfit  lapidibus  ^  qvarzofis^  ollaribus^ 
micacHs  vol  aliis ,  minimis  guttulis,  microfcopio,  in- 
terdum &  nudo  oculo  confpicuis,  inl^erfus,  fub  con* 
cttffione  lapidis  vero  facile  exftillans^  Hydriaiy  in 
oUarififftli  nigrQ:     jdmerm  in  qvarzo*      Tofcana  in 

(d)  Hydrargyrum  nativu%  mineris  immixtum. 
Reperitur  mercurius  interdum  mineris  argenti  albis  slut 

rubriSy  iuterdiim  galena ,  aliqvando  minerx  arfenici 
alba  y  interdum  &  cinnabari  infperfus,  majori  vel  mi^ 
nori  copia^ 

Olf.  u  Salberga  lii  Wefimamia  repcrtus  eft  mercurius ,  anno 
H60,  1689  &  1690,  aliqvando  &  cum  argento  :<malgama- 
tus.  cfr.  AHaErud.  Uffal.  1700.  Tfim.  3.  ?•  55-  Hue  nl  fal- 
lor,  referendum  bydrargytum flriatum^  qVod  defcribit  v. De 

BOMARE.   ^/)^r.  253.  JV;  0  4. 

Obf.  2  *H»  receofit9  varietate^  neqvaqvam  ut  miners  mer- 
curii  con&derandx,  fed  ut  diverfa  receptacula  &  domiciliay 
iQ  qvibus  mercyiius  pnrus*  accidentaiiter,  forfan  fuo  Tub 

K  a  fluxu 

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ISO  t)^  C  o  )  Kj 


fluxu  fiiit  infpt Ais.  Hinc  tot  cxiftunt  ,  fahcm  e^iftere 
poffunt  varietates  domicilii  hydrargyri,  qvot  dapturdivcr- 
IX  terrae,  lapides&nriaers  iisinlocis  ubi  fluxus  occurric 

a'.  MERCURIUS  fulphure    mineraUfatus  ^    minera  rubra. 

CiHKABARlS.  5pec.   2gO. 

Minium.     Plinii  &  Diofioridis. 

Hydrargyrum    tnintralifatum    pyriticofum. .     v»    Likn6 

119.  3. 
Mercuriuffulpbure  mineralifatus.     Cronstedt  iig. 

Svcth.  CiNNOBER^     Berg-Ciknober 

Gall«    ClKKA^RE^    OU   MINE   DE  MeRCURE  ROUG^.    V. 
DI^BOMARE  254, 

•  Germ.  Cihhcber 

Eft  minera  mercurii  raaximc  gravis,  colore  rubro 
vel  rubcnte ,  qvo  cdlore  &  digitos  aliqvando  inficit ;  at- 
tritu  autem  vel  pulverifatioiie  color  ruber  exaltatur ,  ni- 
torem  vero  firaul  perdit ;  tcxtura  intrinfeca  repcritur  vel 
llriata  vel  fqvamofa  vel  mihimif  perticuiis  nitehs,  plerum- 
>  qve  opaca  raro  pellucida;  in'igne  forti  tota  fua  compofi- 
tione  voljitilis  ^  compofita  fulpburis  parte  una  &  mercurii 
partibus  5 ,  6  vel  7. 

(a)  CiKHABARis  friabiliSd 

Terrca  eft  confiftcntia,  ochrae  rubrae  fimilis,  interdum 
fuperficialitcr  cinnabari  ftriats  adhaerens,  gr^is,  di- 
gitos inqvinans.     Hydria.     ZweybrUcken^ 

(b)  CiNNABARis ,  ftriata^ 

Ha;c  puriffima ,  artificiati  cinnabari  ad  ftruQaram  fi- 
mills  eft ,  colore  pulcbrc  rubro  nitens ,  confiftentia 
lapidea  fed  friabili ,  figura  extrinfeca  utplurimum  in- 
certa ,  interdum  fpbarica  feu  renali ,.  unde  cinnabaris 
renalis  appellatur.  Almada  in  Hifpania.  ZweybrU^ 
cken.     Japan.  Trq/ijylvania. 

(c)  CiNifKBUKis  fqvamofa. 

Hasc  tarn  colore  qvam  puritafe  &  confiftentii  proximo 
ad  prascedentem  cinnabarim  fttiatam  accedit ;  videtur  qva- 
^planis  nitens.     Hungarian  Japan^ 


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(d)  CffivfABfiVii^  granularis^  obfcure  ruhra^ 
Colore  ell  obfcure  rubro    feu  mbro  fufco,  fraQura  mi«- 
n'lmis  particulis  nitens;    facpe    hydrargyrum   nativuta 
limttl  iafperfum  habet.     Altnada    in    Hifpttnia,      SU* 
benburgen.  cfr,  BrUckm.  M  D,  T.I.  p.  67. 

(c)  Ciif s KB \Kis  compa^a^  colore  fpadiceo. 

jsft  minera  mercurii ,  maxime  gravis ,  folida  &  com- 
pa3a,  calore  fpadiceo ,  hasmatits  fere  fimilis  ,  fed  at^ 
tritu  &  rafura  rubra;   fimul.  hydrargyrum    nativum 

(f)  CiNNABARls  terra  bolari  intime  mixta  ,  'bomogenea^ 

Eft  colore  rubente ,  Conftans  mercurio  fulphure  mine- 
ralifato  &  in  argilla  bolari  immixto  ,  facie  tarn  en  ho- 
mogcnea,  textura  chalybca  vel  lamellari.  jfdria  cfr, 
Sco?oLi  de  Hydrarg.  Jdrienfi.' 

Ohf.  Hehckel  in  mm.  p,  loi.  dicit,  a  minera  qvadam  mer- 
curii fpadiceo  colore  ad  ^  partes  &  ulfM  mercurii  ohti- 
neri,  atqve  poft  deftillationem  rellnqvi  terram  nieratn 
cartonariam^  Don  tamen  bituminofam  ;  an  liaec  eademqvam 
defcriplinius  dicere  noa  polfum. 

(g)  CiNNABARlS  CRYSTALLISATA. 

Eft  forma  cutica,   pellucida,  rubineo  colore.  Z^^eyhrUcken. 

3»  MERCUPvIUS  fulphure  (^  cupro   miner  all fatus  ,    minera 
nigrefcetUe.  Minera  mercurii  nigricans,  Sp.  28 U 
Hydrargyrum  petr&fum.    v.  Likne  120.  5. 
Mercurius  cupro  fulphurato   miner alifatus,      Cronstedt 

219, 
Sveth.  Sghwartacktig  QwicKSilfwER- Malm 
Gall.   Mink  0e  Mercure  noire 
Germ.  Schwarze  Quecksilber-Erze. 

Colore  eft  haec  minera  nigrefcente  ,  feu  grlfeo  nigro. 
fragilis,  intrinfecc  folida  &  qvafi  vitrea  ,  gravis,  in  igne 
maxime  crepitans,  in  fchifto^  oUari  vel  qvarzo  habitans.  cfr- 
Zweybrikken.  cfr.  Cronstedt  Mimeral.  1.  c. 

K  4  Ofe- 


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Obfervationes  de  Mercurio  &  Cinnabar U 

Olfn  I.  Inter  metalla  &  femfmetalla,  mercuriut  eft  *  qvi  par- 
ciffime  in  fodinis  rcperitur,  Pracipuae  fodinae  funt  in  Ja- 
pan^ Cbina^  America  in  Guaneavilla  &  alibi;  in  Europa  ad 
jllmada  in  Hi/pania  qvs  antiqvlilima  &  ditiilima  liabetur, 
utpote  de  qva  loqvitur  Plinius  in  Hifl.  M.  L, XXXIH. 
Cap. 'Vlf,  HydfU  inCarnioUa^  Carintbia^  Frioul^  PaUti- 
natu^  BipotUio^  Tranfylvama^  Hungarta.  Adeft  qvoqve  lii 
nbnnullis  aliis  fodinis,  fed  parce,  qveiaadmodum  in  fodi- 
na  argentea  Sablbergen/g,  ut  indicavimus  C^pec.291.  lit  d.) 
&  in  aliis  fodinis  i^etmauicis «  ut  indicat  M^THESlt;s  in 
Sarepta  ;imo  in  ipfa^tcrra  aliqvando  inventus,  utnonaulU 
reterunt,  n^c  non  in  Vep;etabilibus  dr.  Epb.  N.  C.  Dec.  III. 
arm.  IL  Obf.  ^^.  Manfredi  in  AR.  Oldenburg.  N:of. 
C.5.  Bbguini  T.  Cb.  Sfed  ea  uon  repertus,  eft  copia,  ut 
fiatui  polEc  reliqva  meulla  ab  eodem  fuam  trahere  ori* 
RineiD, 

Obf.  B.  Obtinetur  mercuriut  virgineur^  eoiUnfione  temmm  Sc 
l^piduni  qvibus  inhxrec,  qvs  in  adaptatis  valii  perficitur 
oedeiluar ;  contuftonem  excipit  lotura  per'cribrum^  ut  mer- 
curius  gravior  feparetur  &  ad  fundum  vaus  prscipitetur. 
A  reflduo  poft.  loturam  iteriim  contufo ,  feparatur  mer* 
curlus  adbuc  inhasrenS}  deftiUatione  per  defcenfum,  in  ollis 
accommodatis. 

B  Cinnabari  obtinetur  per  deftillationem,  qv«  vel  .in  retor- 
tis  ferreis  infticuitur  cum  additamento  calcir  ut  feparetur 
fulpbur;  v*el«  ut  in  ////})jffi4,  line  additam^ento,  qvumipfa 
minera  ealcareo  participat  iapide/  infticuitur  deftillatio  ia 
funri  ita  conftruilo,  ut  loco  retort*  effe  po(it»  iqsrcpec 
canales  feu  aludeles  in  cameram,  loco  recipientis »  afcen- 
dit  meccurius.  cfr*  Jusiieu  in  Mem^  Par.  1719. 

Ob/^  3.  PurificAtur  mercurius  diverfimode  &  qvldeni  (a) 
prejpone  aut  per  pannum  denfum  a  lana  faSlum^  aut  per 
corsumt  ut  pulvia  adbsrens  &  heterogeneum  terreftre  fe- 
paretur»  imo,  aqvofum^  fi  adfnerit,  qvod  percorium  non 
tranfit,  (b)  Lotura  qvf  iuftituitur,  vel  forti  lixivio  /apo- 
nariqrumt  Vel  muria  f'alif  communis^  ut  pinf^ve  &  fulphu* 
reuin  abftergacur ;  vel  fpiritu  viai  reHificatiJJimo  ,  ut  nito- 
'  rem  fufcipiat.  (c)  DeftiUatione^  qva  perfefte  deporatur,  et- 
iam  k  metallis  immixtls'. .  Hxc  deftillatio  inftituitur  cum 
talce  vel  limatura  martis^  ea  inprimis  ratione ,  ut  prius 
(;ombinetur  cum  Jt^ifiLufC  in  (etbiopem  miner akm-  Fafta 
deftUlaiioae,  metiiodu  a  chemicis  praefcripta,  mercurius  di- 

inde 


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l>^  C  ^  )  ^  ^53 

fnde  Uvmiut^  ut  indicavliDiis/  Signa  bene  purificdti  mercurii 
fuDt  imo,  uc  nulla  cuticula  fit  te&UH  ado,  in  ehartam  pu* 
ram  preflTus  digUo ,  celeriter  fit  mobilis.  nulla  fui  vefti- 
gia  relinqveos.    3110,  Cum  aqva  tritus,  eandem  non   in- 

-  qvlnet.  4to,  In  cocbleari  ferreo  fupra  ignem,  non  crepi- 
tet,  fed  integjreavolet,  absqve  aliqva  relida  materia,  fto.  In 

'  aqvaforti  Tolutus,  nullam  ad  fundum  praecipitet  terram. 

Obf,  4.  Ciwnaharim  artificiakm  h,  combinato  fulphure  cum  mer- 
curio  in  atbiopem  mmeraUm  prsparari,  antea  indicavimus; 
cxinde  vcro  deducere,  qvod  omnls  cinnabarii  naturdlis  igne 
(ubterraneo  fit  fublimata ,  uC  nonnulli  contendunt »  fine 
exceptione  fieri  Vix  potefi.  Cinnabarii  naturalis  namqve 
repentur  utplurimum  fuis  in  venis  ordinariis  ut  reliqvs 
minerae  metallic^,  fspe  &  in  glandulis  ac  renibut  aiiis 
mineris  in(\>erfa,  ubi  nullus  fublimationi  locus  exftitit,  nul- 
lusqve  ig.ais  fubterraneus  fuit.  Annon-natura  fine  igne  id 
praeftare  valet,  qvod  ars,  cum  velfine  igne  produci  pof- 
ut^  Id  refiexionem  meretur,  qvod  reperiatur  cinnabaris 
ID  Jpatbo  calcareo^  belemuitit  repleto  in  bipontio^  atqve  Ittban- 
tbracibus  inhsrens  ad  llmenau.  cfr.  Da  Vila  Mujl  unde  e- 
lucec  eindem  hodierno  etiam  tempore  generari. 

Oif.  5.  Ad  indolem  mercurii  propius  cognofcendam  feqven 
tia  obrervationc  digna  runt  moment?. 

(gj  Qvod  olea  &  pingvia  tam  vegetabilla  qvam  animalia- 
loagnam  in  eundem  babeant  potentlam  &  adtionem.  Tri- 
tura  fi  cum  iisdem  conjunjritur ,  non  folum  omn^m  per- 
dit  Bobilrtatem,  fed  &  plene  exflirigui^ur  &  in  mafiam  cum 
iisdem  coit  nigrefcentem,  qvafi  plumbeam,  k  qva  poOjno- 
dum  odn  omnis  feparari  pofiit  mercurius.  Dige/iione  qvo- 
qve  cum  oleis  combinatur,  unde  varis  tinHura  haberi  pof- 
font  Ad  bleo  lint  integre  coaR:uIari  pofiit ,  ut  indicat  M. 
HOFFMAKH  in  A^.  Labor.  AUdorff.  Kessler  in  Centur. 
JUHCK£R  in  Ca«/p.  fi,  T.  I.  p.  991.  hoc  ulterior!  relinqvo 
experieatiae;  mibi  hoc  experimentum  fexles  repetenti  non 
fodcelfit.  Qvidqvid  fit,  his  omnibus  magna  inter  plum^ 
bum  &  mercurium  patet  analogia.     ^ 

^y^i^btbmvitrioli  mercurium  fol^ere  ab  experientia  didi* 
d;  nifrlpit  oamqvein  calore  naphtha  crafiiorem,  confifien- 
tiamcum  colore  grifeo,  &  deinde,  poft  evaporationem 
Jiaphthae  decantatae,  relinqvit  refiduum  facie  terrefiri  &  fa* 

'  pore  met^Uico. 

Tc)  Okumvini  cum  mercurio  agitatum,  faporem  fufcipit  r^yf- 
lio/w,  &  fi  decantetur  atqve  evaporetur,  praebet  refiduum 
:  ftfuut  fimlle,  colore  irubcnte  &  faporegratu. 

K  5  (d> 


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154  t><Co)«f 

(d)  Saih  atkalina  fixa  aUqvam  in  nercuriom  liabere  aftion^ i»» 
fi  prius  fiierit  calcluatus  vel  folutus  doceot,  chemici; 
eundem  Vero  k  forti  lixivio  faponaridrum  vel  lapide  cMuJlic& 
coaguUri,  ut  nonoulli  dicuot,  ia. medium  relinqvo.  Sm^ 
piua  expertus  fum,  dum  id  ecucibula  fluentt  fali  alkali- 
no  mercurius  io  cochlear)  ferreo  caleCiftus  adfundicur* 
maximam  merci|rii  partem  io  auras  dtffipari,  partem  vero 
in  fale  alkalino  remanere*  imo,  continuato  parutti  igbe^  ia 
regulum  praeci  pitari ,  qvi  plumbo  ex  afle  limuis  ui  aciiis 
miAerallbas  vero  mercurit  pbxnomena  exhibet^  fdlicet, 
cum  acido  vitriolieo  prsbet  turpetbum  minerale  ;  cum  acida 
nitri  dat  pracipitatum  ruhrum.  Sal  hoc  alkalinum  mercuriale^ 
aqva  folutum,  vel  aeri  expofitum  ut  deliqvefcat,  prae- 
bet  lixivium  mereuri-'le^  (apore  metallido  adftringente,,  cum 
addis  mineraUI;>us  vix  effervefcens,  nuUumqve  prsdpU 
tatum  praeben's' prxterqvam  ab  oleo  vttrioli.  Sed  haec  ex- 
perimenta  qvte  'prius  vel  vigefies  repetii,  poftmodum  fuc- 
cedere  non  voluerunt  Unde  evenit,  qvcd  experiments 
cum  mercurio  Inftituta,  non  fempet  &  ubiqve  futtcedantt 
An  omnis  culpa  in  experimeot^torem  tcjicieodalt  Ihoq 
crediderim. 

Obf.  6^  Ad  coagttlationem  mercurit ,  qva  in  folidum  redi^t«r 
corpus,  qvod  adtinet,  dudnm  obfervavimus  eundem  fitnl- 
liter  coagulari  ab'  oleo  lini  Ccfr.Obf.f.  lit.  a)  nee  non /ixi- 
lio  faponarinrum  atqve  file  alkalino  Jixo  (^cfr.Obf.f.  lit.  rf) 
heiq  addere  volumus  euodem  in  folidum  corpus  mutariCa) 
dum  in  /fanno  aut  plumbo  licivato,  in  conj^elationis.  punfto^ 
efFormatur  cum  parvo  cylindro  vel  fruftulo  li^neo  fovea 
qv»4am,  iu  qvam  mercurius^  ftatim  effundendus*  &  re- 
lioqvatuf  delude  in  qviete  &  moderato  calore.  Hoghe« 
I.ANDUS  hanc  coaj^ulationem  pio  plumbificati one  habet»  fed 
Crbulino  de  Aureo  Vellere  S.  IV.  p.  30.  contendit  fe 
hinc  qvldpiam  nobilius  obtinuifle.  Plurimi  dicunt  bane 
coagmationem  nil  aliud  efle  qvam  amMzamationem  mercurii 
cum  flatmo  vel  plumbo.  Cb)  Ab  oleo  martis  feu  liftme  iwr- 
ti/ 7?fp/fVo  coagulari  mercurium,  indicat  Vooel  in  Cbem. 
(c")  Cum  aqva  qvadam  gradatoria,  non  feme^  fed  fiepitfs  co- 
agulavi  mercurium,  &  qvandocunqve  placet,  coagulare 
poflum  t  &  ita  coagulare ,  ut  ad  magnam  partem 
in  cupella  fubfiftat.  Hoc  multo  labore  didici  i 
Crextlino  in  Aureo  Vellere.  Ve  mereurio  coagulato  fiavo 
feu  auro  Jhpbijlito  confuli  poflTunt  chemici.  ^ 

Obf.  J.  AurnElio  mtrcurii  videtur  inter  falia,    %d  aeidum  falis 
ii!axima;  inter  metalla^   (a)  ad  awrum  >  qvae  fortior  qvam 

mague- 


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iDJgflretis  ad  ferrum;  adeo  ut  nonnnlli  contendant*  mer- 
curium  parietem  traqfire  &^fe  auro  io  alia  camera  tufo 
immircere ;  (b)  ad  argentum^  qvod  v1  bujus  attradionis  a?- 
qve  ac  aurum,  cum  n\ercurio  vegetat^  diverfis  modis.  re) 
Stammm  io  qvod  furfum  etiam  teudit  metcurius.  [d]]  Plum^ 
fccm,  ii  qvo  tacilius  qvam'  k  (lanno  feparatur.  (O  ^^cum 
qvod  vero  excurbatur  amalgamate  k  plumbo.  CO  fVi/mu- 
tbum  difficilius  amalscamabile  qvam  zincum.  (g;  Cuprum. 
(h)  Ferrum  /^i?  repilum  antimonii^  ad  qvem  nulla  tere  at- 
traftione  gaudere  videtur. 

Obf.S.  Magnum  meretur  attentionem  Jimilhndo  q^a  inter 
aqvam  V  mercurium  obfervatur.  [aj  Utraqve  eadem  tiacie 
gaudenc«  excepca  opacitace  mercuril.  [b]  Mitiori  calore 
utnqve  fiuida,  frigore  coagulantur,  ea  Tolum  differentia, 
qvod  mercurius  io  proportionead  fbam  {;ra vitatem  &  den- 
iitatem,  maximum  reqvirat  trigus.  [c]  Utraqve  tam  tritu- 
ra  &  motu  qvam  calore  io  folidum  vel  terreum  corpus, 
aqva  pertefte,  mercurius  vero  iroperfeAe,  mutabilia.  [d] 
Utraqve  isefolvuotur  calore  in  vaporem^  in  fumum  maxima 
elajiicum^  qvi,  incitato  &  accelerato  igne  vafis  claufi» 
contineii  non  poteft.  A  mercurio  eft  fumus  ille  in  vails 
cUufis  vifibilis ,  fed  ab  aqva  roluno  in  vafis  apertis. 
Ilioc  forbn  diet  poteft  'eandem  efle  rebitionem  aqva  ad 
leliqva  corpora  fofQlia,  qvs  eft  mercurii  ad  metalla.  cfr. 
^Iekckblii  Kl.  Schrifteu,  p.  %66.  Hrac  &  plurimt  che- 
ttiici  eziftlmarunt  in  mercurio  reipfa  aqvam  d^ri^  &  ab  eodem 
t^X^ti  poffe.  cfr.  Rob  Bayle  in  Cbym:  Scept.  Seft. 
il«  €X  Nbuuan  in  Cbem.  Dogm.  Exp.  Edit.  Zimmerm.  pag. 

1366.  URB.  HlBRNK.  &c« 

€Jtf.  9.  Majoris  moment!  eft  eonven!ent!a  qvs  inter  mercurium 
V  flbaatim  obfervatur.      Provoco  [a]  ad  ceqvalitatem  cum 
plumbo^   qvam  ubiqve  fufbipit  mercurius  co/igulatus;  qvae 
fufficiens  efle  poflet  ad  banc  seqvalitatem  utriusqve  me- 
'  ttUi  demonftrandam.    Infuper  autem  {provoco  [b]  ad  co- 
t&nut  ia  lHumbo  fufo  &  mercurio  fere  seqvalem«  [c]  gra^ 
'^dmtm  Jpeeifica'm  utriusqve  paruro  difFcrentem  [dj  ad  fm- 
'^hrem  iMoim  Ce  facile  &  intime  cum  0/^1/  combinandi, 
.ucriqve  fere  aeqvalem,  [e]  aqvalem  indolem  in  igne^  in  fu- 
'•'inunj  abeuadi,  [f]  aqyalcmfere  indolem  in   acidis   minerali- 
Jbus ,  &  attentione  dignam  xqvalem  mutationem   in  colon- 
hui^  qvam  in  plumbo  deprebendimus  igne  produci ,  fiavum 
. )  &  rubrum^  in  mercurio  autem  acidis  diverfis ,    Ted  eosdem 
colores.     Calx  plumbi  in  acido  nitric  fortiori  igne   flavefcit^ 
aiiAo  vero  deinde  ign*,.  liqvefcit  in  ^ilrum  partim    riAro 
fufcumi  partim /«v««i  luculento  indicio,  qvod,  fi  non  ad- 
eo 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


If  6  rw  c  o )  Ki 

eo  prottum  eflet  fuliooi ,  eosdem  aflumeret  calory  ut  mer-^ 
curius  cum  acido  nitri;  [g]  sqvalem  ineptitudinem  ad  calcU 
nacionem  completam  &  perfedtam ;  calces  eunim  mercurii 
ut  &  plumbi ,  line  reduc^te  materia  utplurimum  reditu! 

EolTuQt,  [h"}  Ad  fagikm '  deniqvt  transmutatimum  unius  ex 
is  metaliis  la  alterunu  Hiac  fluit,  principia  conftitutiva 
mercurii  &  plumbi  parum  aut  nihil  dllferre,  uifi  in  pro 
portione, 

Obf.  10.  Ob  dlfficilem  analyfim  metallorum  &  fenioietallo- 
rum  9  inprimis  mercurii^  qvi«  in  qvacunqve  fuerit  forma, 
Temper  tamen  integer  Hia  tacie  reftitui  potell.  plurimi  ea 
fuerunt  &  funt  opinione,  qvod  hie  protbeut  ut  corpus  fin^ 
plex  vel  mattfia  eiementaru  metallorum  fie  coniiderandus. 
Alii  vero  dicunt  ecmdem  effe  compofitum  k  terra  volatili 
'vkrificabiU ^  feu  i  terra  arfenicali  mercurificante^  ztqve  k  prin^ 
clp'io  Jklpbureo.  cfr.  Basil ti  Valbntin,  Tr. de Rebus  Na- 
tur.  Cr  Jnper  Nat.  Tit.  de  Spirttu  Mercurii,  Breslauer  SammL, 
i7»i,  Gbopproi  Mat.  Ated,  T.  L  p.  2^o.  Sed  h«cn)itto. 
id  folum  dicere  volo  ex  allatis  circumftantiis  aliisqvei 
^  pbsnomenis,  probabiliter  feqvi  mercufium  tffe  comfofitum^ 
&  qvidem 

[aj  A  principio  fuodam  terreo  ^  qvod  extra  dubitationis  ale^ 
am  ponitur  ab  ejusdem  denfitate,  gravitate  &  calcinatione^ 
An  vero  hoc  principlqm  terreum  fit  indolis  vitrificabjlis, 
an  alkalinsi  non  lacile  diet  poteft..  in  piumbo  analog 
terra  alkal\ncs  Indolis  effc  vldetur^  ^ 

[b]  A  principia  falino  addo-^  qvod  la  mercurlo  adefle  jafte 
demonftravit  Kvmckel  i  corrofione  &  calcinatlone  me* 
tallorum  in  mercurio;  ttqva  Bokkfchpus  k  feminine, 
qvam  ferrum  in  mercurio  attrahit.  Hoc  principium  fobnum 
acidum  idem  ofle  qvod  in  fale  communi  reperitur^  mercuri- 
jicationes  indicare  vldentur  &  fortlor  attroElio  mercurii  ad 
acidum  frits.  Ab  hoc  acido  forran  (bluta  &  attenuau  eft 
terra  [lit.  a}»  ita  tamen  ut  lacidum  hoc  Ajperpondium  ha* 
beat«  Ab  bac  corrofione  dependet  difficilis  amalgamatiofer 
rij  qvod  prompte  in  mercurio  calcinatur^ 

[c]  A  materia  it^ammaUli ,  qvam  eo  ipfo  demonftravimua 
qvo  evicimus    in   mercurio  adefle   principmm  Cilinum; 

•  Infuper  vero  evinci  poteft  h  Jhlpbureo^  qvod  generatur 
Tub  abftradtione  clei  vitrioli  k  mercurio^  vel  a  turpetbo  mine^ 
roll  fortl  igne. 


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^(  0  )  »^  157 

§.     117. 

2.      ARSENICUM.    Gen.47^ 

Sveth   Arsenik 

Gall.  Arsekio  ^ 

Germ.  Ab^senik 

I.  Jrfenicum  eft  materia  metallica,  falino  calcarea^  fragilis, 
intrinfece  clara«  vitro  fimilis,  extrinfece  sqvabilis, 
opaca,  colore  lafleo. 

%  In  aere  arfenicum  pellucidum  fit  magis  magisqve  opa* 
cum  r  absqve  incremento  vel  decremenco  ponderis^ 
& ,  absqve  ut  perdat  sqvibilem  fupcrficifm  &  iic- 
cam  naturam. 

3.  In  aqva  &  omni  liqvido  folvitur,    accedente  diglsftione 

&  coctura;  reqvirit  vero  aqva  15  ad  20  partes  ad 
faam  folutiottem ;  fpiritus  tini^  aceti  &  okwum  partes 
75  ad  80.  ^ 

4.  In  aqva  folutum ,   more  falium  cryfiallifatur  ^  cryftallis 

minimis  ^  flavefcentibus,  figura  cubica. 

5.  Gravitate  fpecifica  in  proportione   ad   aqvam^     eft  ut 

3,076 : :  i,oc>o«  Fitri  autem  arrenici  gravidas  fpecifi- 
ca ad  aqvaTp  ,  m  5.>ooo?:  I^ooo. 

6*  In-  igne  tam  aperto  qvam  claufo  liqvefcit  ^  &  totum 
fublimatur  >  CAim  odore  fcetixlo ,  venenata ,  alliaceo. 
.  Vafe  aperto^  fuino  albo  fublimatur  &  loco  frigido  for^ 
ma  florum  accrefcit^  calido  autem  loco  adherens,  for- 
mam  metallicam  alTumit;  vajis  claufis  pulveris  vel 
farinie  inftar  fublimatur. 

Si  liqvatum  cito  refrigeraiuf,  congelatur  Aiperficie  pla- 
na, corpore  femipellucido 

7*  hiixtwn  cum  calce^  creta  vel  cortice  ovorum;  itidem  cum 
argilla  vel  terris  vitrificabilibus  &  igne  liqvatum ,  ad 
partem  figUur  &  fiiQditur  in  corpus  forma  &  confi* 
ilcntia  vUua; 

%.  Ab 

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g.  Ab  olei  vitmli  partlbns  binis  folvitur;  fi  hoc  acidum^ 
fub  co^ura  ab  arfenico  abftrahitur .  &  refidiium,  ad- 
fufa  aqva  calida  diluitur. 

9»  In  aqva  forti  difRculter  folvitur;  rcqviruntur hujus  aci- 
di  partes  50  ad  arfenici  partem  unam ;  neceflc  qvo- 
qve  eft  ut  hoc  acidum  dividatur,  &  *triiiis  vel  4  par- 
titis  vkibus  addatur,  qvavis  vice  aqvam  fortem^  fub 
coQura,  ad  ficcum  evaporando.  Hsec^  qvs  tandeta 
obtlnetur  perfe£la  folutio  cryftallifata  dat  cryftallos 
figura  qvadrilatera^  refiduum  vcro  coagulatur  in  cla- 
ram^  tenacem  roateriam  ^  gummati  fimileni,  undeap- 
pdlaturgammi  arfenicu 

10.  ^cidifalis  ad  fuam  folutionem  exigit  p*id;  qvs  fa« 
cilis  eft. 

II •  ^  lixiviis  alkalinis^  ntpote  oleo  tartaric  p.  d.  Lixivia 
nitrifixi^  folutione  falis  foda  ,  omnium  optime.&  £1- 
cillime  folvitur,  Coagulantur  hs  folutiones  in  caIo« 
re  9  fiunt  cenaces,  colore  fufco,  imo,  foI;dam  in- 
duunt  coufiftentiam.     Hinc  bepar  arfenici,  qvvd  igne 

'        in  vitrum  opacum  fundi  poteft. 

I  a.  Cum  ftdpbure  combinatum  ^  -fufcipit  arfenicum  colorem 
ajit  flavum  aut  rubrum^  prout  plus  vel  minus  fulphu- 
ris  fit  cum  arfenico  combinatum»  Farina  arfenici 
partes  10  cum  fidpbnris  parte  una^  atqve  cum  ad- 
ditis  cineribus  clavellatis  bene  mixtas,  &  deinde  (hb- 
limats  prftbent  arfenicum  citrinum^  vel  riJigaUum. 
Ejusdem  vero  farinas  partes  decern  cum  futpbtpris 
par tibus  binis  conftituunt  mixturam  igne  facile  liqva- 
bibilem  a  qva  aut  per  fimplicem  fufionem  ^  aut  deftiU 
lati^nem  producitur  arfen\fum  rubrum ,  feu  tifigdllum 
rubrum. 

13.  Cum  omni  metallo  eft  mifcibile  in  ^e;  eorundem  ve- 
ro tollit  maUeabilitatem  J  eadem4ve  dura  &  firagilia 
reddit;  fimul  Si  colorem  mutat '^  cuprum  icferrum  red* 
dit  albi;  argentum^  aurwn  &  zincum  facit  grifea; 
ftanmm  vcro  fuo  colore  exaltat. 

14- 


Digitized  by 


Google 


14,  Hsc  defcripta  falino  calcarea  «nateria  ,  eft  in  formam 
metalUcam  reducibilis^  fi  cam  addica  injlammabili  mate-' 
ria  fiat  combinata ,  qvod  duplici  fieri  poteft  modo. 
^a}  Fu/km  i  fi  magna  portio ,  nempe  ad  nomiullas  un- 
cias.  arfenici ,  pulverifata ,  cum  duplo  faponis  &  ^u- 
plo  cinerum  claveUatorum  mifceatur,  &  in  vafis  be- 
ne daufis  forti  &  accelerato  igne  fuudatur.  Hlnc  ob- 
titfetui:  regulus ,  colore  flavejcente^  confiftcntia  teffu-- 
lari  &  larnzUofa  ^  colorem  fra^us  in  aSre  tamen  din 
retlnens;  ad  flammam  candelas  accmfibilis\  in  igne 
facile  liqvabilij  &  minus  volatills.  Diu  in  igne  (i  >^ 
rctinctur,  obducitur  tandem  crufta  vitrea^  flava,  /;*- 
tbargyrio  haud  diffimilis  ;  facilius  in  acidi$  miner ali- 
bus  ac  in  lixivio  forti  alkalino  folubilis  ,  qvam  ipfum 
'  arfenicum. 

(b^'Sublimathne^  fi  farina  arfenici  mifceatur  cum  ana- 
tica  parte  fluoris  nigri^  &  inftituatur  fublimatio  in 
vafis  claufis  igne  forti  &  accelerato*  Hinc  obtine- 
tur  regulus  fublimatus ,  qvi  conftat  cryftallis ,  figurae 
9EtitedricfZ ,  maxime  fragilis^  &  vix  ullam  habens  fo- 
liditatem  ^  in  aire  ^  intra  nonnuUas  horas  facile  fatif* 
cens  i  in  igne  non  liqvabilis ,  fed  parva  flagrans  flam* 
jna,  avolat;  gravitate  fpecifica  in  proportione  ad 
aqyam  ut  8,308::  10,  i^Ooo;  in  a^va  forti  cum  of- 
fer vefc^ntia /o/wW/f  &  cryftallifabilis  ^  figura,  cryftallis 
mgtnti  fimili;  mixtus  cum  cryftallis  luna  &  cum  iis- 
dem  bene  contritus ,  pyropbormn  exhibet ,  qvi  acccn- 
dit  chartam  in  qvam  effunditnr.  cfr.  Hkhckelii 
KU  minerals  Scbriften^  p.  96.  &c. 

Ejusdem  fere  inddlis  regulus ,  fed  majori  qvantltate,  & 
in  a^re  melius  perfiftens  obtinetur ,  li  arjenicum  mi- 
fceatur cum  oleo  lini  ^  vel  oleo  olivarum ,  aut  fapone 
vel  alia  qvacunqve  pingvi  materia  ^  in  confiftentiam 
pultaceam,  ac  deinde  in  retorta^  vel  cucurbita  aut 
aliis  vafis  inftituatur /{^/imoXio.  cfr.  Bit  and  t  in  Jd^ 
Erud.  Upfal. 

pigitized  by  VjOOQ IC      ^ 


l6o  t»  (  o  ^  n^ 

•  S*  ii8. 

I.  ARSENICUM  nfltiwm,  albums,  falino  calcareum.   Ar- 
senicum kativum  album,  Spec^aga* 
jSrfenicum^  nudum  cryJidHmm  purum.  v^LiNwiiij^ 
Calx  arfenici  nativa  pura.  Cronstedt  140* 
5veth.  Gediegbn  h^^it  Arsenik 
Gall«  Arsenic   viekgb  ou  Arsenic  blanc^  v.  De 

Bom  ARE.  Spec.  217. 
Germ.    Gediegener   weisSer   Arsemik 

Eft  fubftantia  mineralis  falino  calcarea^  arfemcalis, 
colore  albO)  aqva  folubilis;  in  igne  fumo  &  odore  allia- 
ceo  avolans  ^  fapore  tarde  dulci« 

CaJ)  AasENrcuM  nativum  Ati^VNt  ^  farinaceum. 
Inftar  farinse  albas  lapidibus  adhaeret  ^  i.  roinera  arfenU 
cali ,  fine  dubto ,  exhalans.  Citsbiibel  in  Saxonia. 

(h)  Arsenicum  kativum  album,  cryftallinum. 
Conftat  cryftallis  albis  femipellucidis ,  figura .  polyedri- 
ca  pleruraqve  indeterminata  ^  facie  externa  qvarzofis 
cryftallis  vel  qvarzo  potius  qvam  vitro  funilibus^  in 
a^re  mutationi  non  ebnoxiis,  qva  in  circuroftanda  ab 
artificialibus  difcrepant.  Joacbimstbal  In  Bohemia^ 
jinnaberg  In  Haxonia. 

Obfl  Si  miners  arrenicales ,  inprimls  qvae  fulphure  limul 
participant,  in  cumulum  congeruntur  &  fopius  aqva  cali- 
da  humeAantur ;  vel  hujusmodi  mineral  in  aqva  reponun- 
cur  loco  calido ,  &  evaporata  aqva,  nova  additur,  tandem 
in  fuperficie  efflore/iens  apparebit  arfenicum  inftar  farinaet 
interdum  &  cryftallifatum.  Hinc  lotelligirous  uode  vapo- 
res  arfemeales ,  qvi  reperiuntur  in  fodinis,  qvanim  ipioerae 
arfeoico  abundant,  utpote  drgenti  didores,  Jlanm,  cobalti^ 
fuam  habent  orlgineni.  Scilicet,  exhalant  hi  vapores  fpoD- 
te  i  roineris,  dum  motu  intrinfeco  per  aqvam,  at^rexn  & 
caloremfubterraneum,  excitato,  k  (uis^  domiciliis  feparan* 
tur,  &  in  a^em  fodinarum  condenraturo  elevantur  ab  eo- 
deoiqve  folvuotur  &  fuftentantur.  Hujusmodi  vaporeis 
venenati  k  roonticoUs,  Gernianis,  Sebtvaden  vocantur.  Ali- 
qvando  etiam  hi  vapores  o  igmem  habent  2icaIore&  igne 
qvo  monticolae  ad  difiringendas  mineraa  utuntur. 

a-  AR- 

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fc=<  C  o  )  K^  1^1 

ft.  AMt^lCUM  nativum^  fernta  metallica^    nigrum;   Ar- 

SBNICUM  NATIVUM  NIGRUM.  SpCQ.    iS  J. 

Affmicumbitumimfum^  cadmia  bitummfy.  Aqricolj&. 
Arftnicum  nudum fragmmtis porojis  nitentibus.  '  r.   Lin- 

Ne  117.  3. 
Arfemcum  natimm^  friabiU  (f  pmfim.    CRt)N5TEDT 

239.   G. 

Svetlu  Swart  AKSENtK.     PliIcen-PitlveR. 

Galk    Arsenic    ndir   natif^    v,   De  Bomarb* 

Spec»  230* 
Cefm.    ScHViTARXER    Arsenik.      Puegen-  Pulver^ 

MUCKEN  -PuLYER. 

Ha»c  tnincri  arfenicilis,  eft  verum  arfenicnm  form* 
nctallica,  natura  produanraj  Colore  eft  obfcure  grifeo^ 
ftruftura  intrinfcca  compafti,  aut  tfiiata  vel  micani^  re* 
ccnti  fraSura  apparct  ^colore  fere  plurabi  ,^  qvi  metallicis 
color  cito* in  aerc  pent,  iibi  nigrefcentcm  vd  obfcure  ci- 
nercom  fufcipit;  in  igne  flammara  concipit,  &  ifltegre 
av^lat ,  cum  famo  albo,  &  odore  alliaceo* 

(a^  Arsenicum   kativum    nigrum  ,    friaUU.    Cp- 

BALTUA   SPECULARE* 

Eft  colore  nigrefcenre,  friabile,  rciflite,  fraQora  cu- 
ticula  qvadam  nitens ,  unde  cobalti  /Ocularis  nomea 
obtinuit.  Annabtrg  in  Saxonia. 
(h)  Arsenicum  nativuMs;  ftriatum. 
Colore  eil  grifeo  vel  parum  casrulefccnte  y  corapaQum^ 
ftrudura  ftriata  aut  micacea,  fradura  inftar  plumbi 
receftter  fraQl  nitens^  plerumqvc  in  fodinarum  arfe- 
nLcaliufn  fomicibus  hofpitans.  Frtyberg  in  Saxgnis. 
Kungsberg  in  Norwegia. 

Oif.  Bitnminofi  qvid  in  bac  minera  adcffe  fufplcatus  eft  A* 
GLicoLA,  unde  cadmiam  hituminofam  vocayit;  fed,'pr«ter 
ii^mmabile  qvod  ncceffufio  in  regulo  arfeolci  ^  feu  acfeai- 
CO  in  tormaiQ  metallicam  redafto,  adelTe  debet ,  nil  hu^ 
jusmodi  biciKDioornm^  nifi  forfaa  accidentaliter  aliqvando 
admixtom  ,  in  hac  reperitur  minera.  Vocatur  b«c  ea- 
dem  minera  a  noaaulUa  cf^/i/^anf  ttfiacium^  Scbtrhn-Cobali^ 
rm.ll.  L  qvod 


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l6t  ft*  C  o  )  «i 

>   qvod  Aio  ninine  caret  fundameotb,   ut    nox    indfcsn* 

dum ;    hh  aliis   alio  compeliatur   nomine,     uritatiirimuin 

eft  QermaQis  eandem  voCtire  FlUgen*  Puher  vel  Muchtn^ 

Fulvet,  ob  vim  mufcas  &  pulices  uecaadi  dum  aqva  folu* 

'     u  lis  ponigicur, 

3^  AR  SENICIjM  nativum^  fmta  mtaOica.  ufiaceum. 
Arsenicum  tbstaceum.  Spec  284* 

Cobaltum  teftaceum.  NoknulloRum  . 
Jlrfmcum  nudum  fragmentis  convexis  concavis^  alhldis. 

V.   LlKK^   If 7. 

.    jirfenicum   nativum  particulis  impalpabilibus  ^  tejlaceum. 
Crokstedt  139.  a.  / 

Sveth»    SCHERBtN  -  CoBOLt,       SCHIRL-COBOLT. 

Gall.  CAiLLotr  arsenical.       Pyrite    appell^  Ar« 
SENIC  TESTACil    V.    Dk  JBoMARE.   ^^$• 

Germ.    Schkrben-Cobalt* 

Eft  etiam  in  hac  mincra  verum  &  purum  arfcnicum 
forma  mctallica,  colore  eft  cinereo,  recenti  autcm  fraQura 
inftar  plumbi  vel  mctalli  hitens ,  qvi  color  in  acre  pcrit; 
Compofita  laroellis  craffis  feu  fragmentis  cbrtiiavo  convexis^ 
ut  in  radice  ceptB,  qva^  particulis  minimis  impalpabi  ibu« 
conftant ,  unde  compaQi  &  gravis  c3tillic  &  aliqvando  fo- 
Slum  edit  percuffa  ;  iii  tefta  fub  fo^nice  flammara  oftcndit ; 
de  cetero  ^  fi  pura  fuerit  ^  integre  iii  igrte  avolat  ^  cum 
fumo  albo  &  edore  alliaceo.     Amaberg  in  Sixonia. 

Obf.  f .  A  defcriptlone  data  dare  patet  haot  mlot  r^ro,  ad  fua 
intrinfcca  principJa,  a  priori  fpecie  non  differre  }  folum 
ftruftura  &  denluas  faciunt  d  ffereotiam  ,  qvam,  ut  la  h>^c 
cafu  receptam,  obrervare  voluimus. 

Obj:  2.  Nomen  g«»rmanicum  k  cobalto  ho?ce  arfcnicum  nati- 
vum obtinuir,  qvem  in  mincria  c  b^lti  utplurlmum  eft 
repertum,  prsterea  &  p^rticulam  cobalti  Imerdum  admix* 
tamhabet*  ;Sed  hoc  injutte  taftum  inrcaum  tamen  fieri  .nc- 
qvit.  Nomea  itaqve  impofitum  tarn  germanicum  qvam 
fvecanum  necelfarium  ut  retineaoiua.  Ferro  non  partici- 
pate ut  jam  didici. 

4-  AR- 

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tw  (  o  )  >^  163 

4.  ARSENICUM  nativum^    fulphufi   mixtum  ^\rubrum. 
KisiGALLUM.  Spec/ 285. 

Sandaracba.    Realgar.    Arfmicum  fubrum,    Sulpbur  ru- 

brum.     Ai^TiquoRuM* 
Arfmcwfn  nudum ^  rubrum^  fulpbureum.  v.  LiNNi  1 17.  4, 
Calx  drfenkt  ftUphure  mixta.  Cronstedt  241. 
Svcth.  RausChgelb. 
Gall.  Arsenic  roc;g&  ott  Realgar*    v.  Pb  Boma« 

RE.  Spec.  229. 
Germ,  Rauschgei^b. 

CoHftat  hse  ifiinera  arfeniQO  &  fuIptiurCv  intime  com* 
binatis ,  iinde  compofitnm  oritur  Ncof pus  ^  rubmm  ^  com- 
paQniq^  durum,  glabrum,  niteHs^  in  fruftulis  vel  glebis 
inajoribus  aUt  minofibus  ^  in  fodini^  prsfens^  in  igne  cs- 
Iruleo  Ddore  inflammabile^  fuftbile »  Volatile  ^  odore  allia* 
tec  &  fulphiireo* 

Ca)  RlsidAttitM  bpacuihs  fuhtum^ 
Saape  cirmabari  ^  interdum  &  minera  itfgBnti  rubrx  fi« 
mile.     Eiben/iock  in  Saxonia.     Rodtndabl  in  Elfdalia. 
Qy)  RisMalium  ^  femipellucidum.         ^ 

Hungarian 
Qc)  RisidALLiJM  pellucidam.      Rubikus  SuLtHURis. 

Tranfylvania. '  Hungaria. 
(d)  RisibAtLuM  cryftallifatum^ 
Fi^ura  cryftallorum  eft  indetefmmati*   Joocbimithol  in 
Bobemia.     Brdnsdorf  in  eadem. 
Ohf.  t.  Q^fomodo  hoe  ri/tgaUam  Ifulph&ft  rntivo   fuh§  diftin- 
guendum  1  k  defcriptioae  otriusqve  patec,  fit  indicavimus. 
Spec.  ' 

OWTa.  Q^omodo  ftjigalluni  arte  produci  poiTit.  indlcavimut 
l$*  t^%l in  Defcriptione  Arfemci merali\  heic addere  Volumus 
id  facillinto  jpoQO  prxparart  ao  arjenieo  teftiCeo  [Spe^.  a84*l 
cum  Tubtritft  proportione  Julpburit  bene  mlxto^  fit  vafd 
clauro  coUiqvatiSf 

5.  ARSENICUM  nathum^  ftdphure  mijrtttW,  pUrtU  tnu 
•  cans,  flavum.  Auripigmentum.  Spec,  ij^* 

L  a  Jr/e- 

Digitized  by  CjOOQIC 


i«4  IX  C  o  J  l4 

Arfmicum  eitrinum.    Dioscoa.  Plikiu 

Pyrites  fmdus  flavus^  micis  auratis^     v.  Lii^^  ii).  2. 

dlx  arfemcifulpbtdre  mixta  ^  fiava  Cron^tedt  241^  a. 

Svetli.  Operment.    Auripigmbnt. 

G^.  Arsenic   jaunb  ou    Oprimbnt.    v.  Db  Bo* 

MARB.     Spec.  22g. 
Gerill^   OPERMENt. 

Eft  colore  flavo  aliqvando  ad  rttbedinem  aliqvando  ad 
viredinem  inclinance,  fulphure  &  arfenico  conihins  una 
cum  lamellulis  mica  flavas  &  fpatbi  particulis ,  unde  majo- 
ribttf  vel  niinoribus  planis  nitet;  in  igne  obfcurum  reddi- 
tuf )  &  flammam  edit  csruleo  albefceatetn ,  cumfumo  al« 
liaceo&  fulphureo  fuSbcacivo;  igoe  fortiori  ad  partem 
avolat)  ad  partem  relinqvit  materiam  terreftrem  viridem 
qvafi  arenaceam:  vafeclaufo^  accelerato  &  forci  igne  fu» 
fbm,  coUiqvefcit  I  in  rubram  maffam  rijigallo  fcnfandara^ 
cba  fimilem. 

(a^  AuRiPiGMBNTUM  titrinum. 
Colore  eft  davb  aureo ,  vel    flavo  vit idi  >    compaQtlm 
fed    maxime  friabile^   fra3ura  nitens.       Neufobl  in 
Hungarian    Servia.    jifia. 
(b)  AuRiPiCMBNTUM  Tubro  flavum 
Colore  eft  flavo  cum   tindura   qvadam  rubente,     vel 
aliqvando  venis  rubris  penetrata  y  aut  rifigallo   mixta 
ftrudura  I;unellari|     receilti  fradura  nitens.      India 
orientalise 
Ohf.  I,  Arte  'qvomodo  arfemcum  flavum  poftlt  prspidrar],    dl- 
€t\im  in  Defcript.  Arjenic.  genet.  (§•  117.  Nro.  12J;    heic 
indicare  volumus  iianc  prepatatioaem  optime  inftituicum 
faritia  arjemci    &  pyrite  fulphureo^  ant  'hujusmodi    mineriSt 
qvs  arfemcum  una  cum  pyrite  fiilpbureo  cootinent ,    mox 
dercribendis,  rublimitionem  idocleis  vafis  rublimatoriis  in*- 
ftituendo.    In  officinis  mnjoribus  ad  fodlnas,  opa  alia  ufua- 
lis  eft  mixtura,  q vam  dida  farina  arjinici  &  yyritM  fulpbu^ 
rei^  veLJioriarum  JUpburearum. 
Obf.  0.     Solvitur « aurfpigmentum  iixivto  fnrtif  unde ,  cum 
additamencp    calcis  wW,    pr^paratur    atrdmeutum  Jymp*- 
tbeticum;  flimitur  vero  duplom  eal^t  viva  lad  auriptgmeu- 

tum^ 


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JW  C  o  )  «l  1^5 

tum^  &  coqvitur  h«c  mixtura  io  lixhsi  alkalini  fortlorls 
partibus  8«  poftmoduln  fiitratur.  Dum  liters  fcribuocur 
aceto  litbafgjrii.  iovifibiles,  Tpongia  vel  alia  ratione  admo- 
to  hoc  liqvore  fiuat  prompte  vifibile8»  colore  oigro. 
Loco  lixivii  alkalini  fumi  poiTuot  a^va  fura  parte3  ofto  «d 
auripigmenti  partem  unam  &  calets  vtva  partes  binas,  UC 
fiat  per  coduram  folutio,  gvae  fiitrata  vocatur  lifvor  vini 
probatorius^  q vo,  litbargyrio  Vel  aliis  plumbaceis  produdis 
vioa  adulterata ,  fpeciiice  probari  pouuift.  ^ 

Utraqve  hapc  praeparata,  hfpatico  gaudent  odore  &  tin  vim^ 
diu  fervratai   ctyftailos  dant  Ditriformes  inliqvido  iooatantcs.' 

0^/I9.U^urpaturaaripigmentumta1n  naturale  q Vam  arte  fiiduiii 
ad  pigmentaflava^  feu  aureo  colore,  unde,  fine  dubio,  qo« 
men  habet.  Alii  ^dfices  utuntur  ad  flavedioem  Ijgnia 
albis  coaciliandum,  uc  inftar  buxi  appareaot  A /«r« 
iii  aliiaove  Orientaiibus  dicitur  adbiberi  ad  toUendos  cri« 
roes  io  lummitate  capitis  &  eum  in  finem  mifceri  cum 
aUe  viva^  lixivio  forti  alkalim  &  oleo  Jpic^.  Hoc  plilo* 
tluum  k  Turcis  vacatur  rufma  vel  lu/ma^ 

Objl  4.  Auripigmenti  naturaal  &  iodolem  examioayicPoTT 
in  Difp*  de  AuripigmefUo^ 

6*  ARSENICUM,  ferro  mineralifatum ^  minera  alhe/cmte^ 

graniUU  vel  plants  micante.  Mikera   arsfnici 

ALBA.  spec.  287# 

Pyriits  alhus.  NonnulloRum. 

Jrfenicum  tuineralifatumy  fragmentis planis  nitidis  v*  Liw- 

Ni   Ilg.  9. 

Arfmicum  metallifortne ferro  mixtutn.  Cronstedt  243.1B. 
Sveth^    MisspiCKEU     Hwit  Kies«     Arsencicausck 

Gall.  La   Pyryte   blanche«    ou  Mine  p'Arsekzc 
.BLANCHE,    V.  De  BoMARE.   Sp.  2ai» 
Germ.  Misspickel.    Weisser  Kies.     Arse^^ikali* 
scher  Kies* 

Eft  minera  arfentcalis  •  k  ferro  &  arfenico   compofita 
ejosdcm  indolis ,.  qva  arte  per  ftifionem    preduti   poteft'* 
a  limatura  ftrri  cum  arfenico  ^  fine   adraif 'ella    folphum* 
colore  eft  albo ,  fere  Jianni  inftar    nitciis »  partipulis  auty 

,L  )  cufpi- 


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i6(j  rx  ( o )  «i 

cul^idibns  minoribus  ^  v^\  plants  majoribos  colorem  in  aS. 
rcretinens;  cuin  aqvt^  faHi  plerumqve  effecvcfcit,  citus 
vel  tardius;  arfenicum  ad  30  &  ultra  pro  centenario  con- 
tinet  qvod  in  forma  metallica  cum  ferro  ef^  mixtum  \  ma- 
gnate noQ  tr^hityr* 
'  (fi)  MiNKUA  ARsenici  alba    gramdaris^ 

l^Iinimis  p^rtiqulis  feu  cufpidlbus  videw  compofita* 
Saxmia.     Danmmora; 
(b)  MiNKRA  Arsenic;, ALBA,^piintf  micans. 
In  hac  mincra  qva^  majora   apparent   plan^  nitenda, 
Riddarbytim,  &  ff^efifilf'^bergef  in  H^eftmanm. 

Olf^  Arte  Qeri  poteft  baeo  mioera*  inprimis  miners  wfe^ 
niei  alba  graaularit  I  fl  limatura  mart\s, ,  colliq yetur  cum 
lldmittQ  ^ffenico  &  fluere  nig^o ;  yel ,  fi  atfenicum 
fixum  ingeratur  ad  limatutam  mortis  in  crucibulo  igoi- 
tam  &  ftacim  te^atur.  Ferruo^  pamqye  retinet  arfenicum, 
qvod  per  pblogifton  ferri  in  metallicum  (tatum  leducitur. 
Hinc  inixtura  metallic^  ferreo,  arjimealis ,  qv»  fragilis  & 
h  magqete  ppq  trahitur,  fimllis  Qiin^r^  qrfcmcialbe  defcriptse. 

7,  ARSENICUM  ferro  minerafifatum ,    minera  albefcente^ 

cryftallifatum.  IM^i^era  ^AaSEi^tci    ai-ba  crystal- 

LisATA*  Spec,.  288. 

^rfenicwn  mir^alifatum  y^  cryft(^lUf(^m  ofloedrumj  rdgri^ 

cans.     y.  Linn^  h8»  7. 

.   Arfenicum  min^^li/afum  (ryflallifatum  cubiaim.    v.  Lin- 

^rfenicum  metallica  forma  ferro,  mixtum  cryftallifatum. 

Ca^ONSTKnT  243.  B,  3. 
Svcth.  Crystali-iserap  Misspickel. 
Call»  MiKTC  d*Arsenic  blanche  crystallis^c. 
Gcrip^  Crtstai-lischer  Misspickel. 

-  H^Q  minera  arfcnici  in  omni  proprietate  cum  praice- 
denti  Quper  derpripta  cqnvenit^  ab  eadem  vero.,  eodem 
fund^n^^nto  diftioguitur ,  qvo  p]rrites  fulphureus  rudis  a 
pyrite  fulphiireo  cry(lalIifato«  Sunt  vero  hujus  miners 
9ryiUUi    utplurimum  cuibicas    v^I   Q£loSdricas  rarias  po<i 


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f«  (  O  )  Kj  X67 

lyedrirs  vel  indeterminata  figora,  femper  albo  colore  ni- 

(aj   MlNERA    A&SBNICI  ALBA,     CRTSTALLISATA ,    CM? 

bica. 
Figura  eft  cubica ,   facie  fere  galenas ,  alba ,   extrinfe- 
ce  veto  colore  plumbeo.      Salberg.   Dmnemofa. 

(b)       MlMfiRA      AR5BNICI      ALBA  ,      tRYSTALLlSATA, 

oEtoedrica.   Tbssbra  arsenicalis. 
HaBc  extus,   colore  livido   nigra ,   interdam  alba   vel 
pallida ,-  vocatur  ob  ^guram ,  tejjira  arfenicalis. 
Liusnedabl  in  fodinis  meridionalibns. 

Cc)    MlNERA  ARSENiCf    ALBA,    CiiYSTALLlSATA  |  ^ft. 

fwatica. 
Coniuc  prifmatibus  majoribus  yel  minoribus  nltentibus 
colore  albo.     Salbtfg.   Uio. 

Cd)    MlNERA  ArSENICI  ALBA,   CRYSTALLlSATA  ,   Cty. 

Jiallis  indnterihinatis.     Pann^mora^. 

Obf.  Hffc  Itinera,  vel  &  praepedens  cofll^[l'x^^  cum  pyrite 
Jhlpbutea^  praebet  fub  calcin^tiont*  arjenicutn  flavum  Vel  rU'* 
bfu^  fubli|Dai(uiD  ^  pro  qyaqtiute  pyrita  admlxci. 

g.  ARSENICUM /tt//>iMre  fif /erro  mineralifatum  ^  minera 
(Hffarmiy     granidis  cinereo     canUefc^rUibus     micante* 

MlNERA   ARSENia  CIHERBA.  SpeC*    289* 

Pyrifes  albus.    Cobaltum.   Pyrites  (;inereus.     Nonnullo- 

RUM, 

jfrfenicum  mineralifattm  ^  cinereo  catulefcens^  tnicans.  v. 

\.iKsi!  J 14.   5. 
Jlrfenicum  ferro  Jidpburalo  mineralifatum.     Cronstedt 

143.  <*• 
Svetlu    Cra    arsbn|Cal|SK   Kibs.      Rauschgelb* 

Ribs.     Wattbn  -  Kies. 
Gall.  La  Pyr^b  ?iBRREUSB  d'Arsbkic,  ou  Ptritb 

CENOR^e.     V.   Db  BoMAiiE  S^ec.    226.  La  mim 

JPArfmic  pyriteufe  cendrie. 
Germ.    Graubr  arsenikalischbr  Kibs.     Racsch* 

CBLB  -  K:bs. 

L  4         '  Eft 


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t6t  {»  C  o  )  «l 

Eft  haec  mioera  arfemci  colore  cinereo,  aliqvatenas 
csrulefcente ,  folida^  aut  particulis  minimis  micans,  ad 
chslybem  fcintillat  odorc  alUacco ,  in  aerp  pbf.uiior  red* 
ditur,  baud  diffimilis  mineras  cobalti^  plerumqve  cum  aqva 
forti  cflfervcfcit  &  falutionera  pr«bct ,  qva  literas,  poft  ex* 
ficcationem ,  flavfie  fcribi  pofTunc «  confiat  drfenico  y  fulpbu^ 
^nii^ferroy  (ea  pyrite  fulpbureo  ^  qvo  arfenicura  eft  folu- 
tura  y  hinc  &^  fubUmatione>  rijigallutn  prjpbct ,  fine  addi* 
tamcntQ, 

(a)  MiNERA  AwENici  ciSEKU\  y  folida. 
Chalybea  eft  fere  base  mincra  foliditate  y   tamen  miaU 
mis  pirticulis  nitens.     Lqfaofen  in  Dalecarlia. 
(h)  Miner  A  Arsekici  cinbrea  ,  granularis. 
pi&m&is  gpranulis   eft  compofita.    Salberg.     Tavafiia. 
in  Fennmia. 

9.  ARSeI^ICUM,  pyrite  Julpbureo  wineralifatum  y  fotidwn 
flavefcens.     Mihera     arsenicalis     flavescens. 

Spec.  290* 

Svcth     GUML  ARffENlCALlSK  KlBS.       GiFT  -  KlES. 

Gall.  La  mine  d^Arsenic,     pyriteuse,    jaune* 
Germ.  Germ.  Gelber  arsekikalischer  Kies.  Gift- 

KlESv 

Eft  base  roinera  dctifa  &  folida  y  recens  fr a£bi  eolore 
flavefccntc ,  fed  in  a^re  obfcure  flavura  fufcipit  y  qvafi 
fuliginofiira,  ad  cbaiybem  non  fcintillat,  ncc  cum  aqva 
forti,  efFervefcit;  in  ignc  furaum  fulphurcum&  ingratumar- 
feni  alem  emittit^  cum  flamma  casrulea,  unde  propo^tio 
pyritas  verfiis  arf^icum  major  patct^  cum  vitri  pulvere 
mixta  &  fufa  dat  regulum  fulphiireo  iferreum  arfenicalem, 
fraftura  nitentem,  Salberg  in  Wtjlmanma ;  ubi  k  ip^nti- 
coUs  male  appellatur  MifpickeL 

r  Okf.  I*  Ut  baec  rpecies  in  plurimis  proprletatibds  mdicatis  i 
priori  differt ,  ideo  ♦  in  utrifqve  licet  pyritico/nm  fulphu- 
reum  cum  arfimo  adfitt  tamea.  fub  una  fpecie  compre- 
bendere  non  potuu 

Ohj:  0, 


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ix  C  o  ;  Kj.  169- 

Ohf.9.  Magna  fuit  &  tdhoc  eft  confclTo  de  ven  pyrita  no* 
tiooe,  qv«  exinde  orta  qvod  hoc  nomeo  ad  plures  fpe- 
cies  imo  ad  plura  diftiofta  genera  fuic  extenAim.  Utevi- 
fetur  hste  coofufio,  ab  hoc  nomine,  qvantum  potui,  ab- 
llinui ;  eatenus  folum,  ob  defedum  alius  nominis  compe- 
teotis,  id  ipflim    noonullis  hia  roineris  actribuere  volui, 

tvacenus  reipfa  pyritem  fukhureum  continent ,  q  vemadmo^ 
urn  revera  adeft  in  hac  &  priori  fpecie;  eft  vero  &boc 
flftum  cum  additis  neceiTariis  epitbettSf  ne  hujasmodi  mi- 
nerae  cnm  pjrsti  vero  confuodantur. 

Obf.  3.  Haec  minera,  qvemadmodum  &  praecedens,  indicant 
HBKCKELii  regulam,  dum  dicit,  qvo  plus  arfenici  tue« 
tit  in  minera  eo  minus  Tulpburis  in  eadem  reperiri ,  noa 
efle  fine'exceptione;  qvemadmodum-&  bine  p^tet,  dari 
mineras  qv^ftUpbun  Gt  arftmco  participant,  absqve  uilo 
cupfi  veftigio, 

10.  ARSENICUM  iirra  mineralifatum  Terra  ARSEmCA- 
MS.  Spec.  a9i* 

Svcth.    SCHWABBNGIFT^      ArSENICALISR  JorD 

Gall   Terre  arsekicale.    v.  Oe  B  0  m  ^  r  E«  Spec. 

^31- 
Germ.   Schwabbngift.    Arsenikalische  Erde» 

Eft   terra   qvccunqvc   arjinico    iramixto  participans^ 
qvod  fumo  &  odore  aUiaceb  in  igne  facile  cognofci  poteft* . 
C»)  Terra  Arsenicalis  margacea. 
cfr    Hei^ckei,  in  Efb,  N.   C  Vol.  IL  p. -564.  &  ia 
Kl.  mineral^  Scbriften,  p.  7^4. ' 
{b^  Terra  arsenicalis  argillacea. 
cfir^  LuDwio  de  Terr..  Muf.  Dresd  p*  sjtp. 

Obfervationes  de  Arfenico. 

<}bf,  X.  Reperitur  praeterea  arfenicum  pr»rens« 

I.   fn  aqvxs  arfinicalsbur^  qvae  in  bydrohgicif    defcribuntu^ 
it.  Tn  Dlerirqve  cobalti  mineris,  magna  copia, 
3.    fVifmutbi  mineris. 
^.  Itinera  antimomi  rubra. 
5.   ^Ainera  z/ari;   pjeudogaleua. 
,  e.  Mineris/im  nonnullis,qvaeideo  mignete  noa  trahuntur. 
&  ferrum  prasbent /rw/iam  ftagik.  -    .,, 

^  is  7'  Ml- 


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by  Google 


7t  Mfnera  cufri  alba;  in  minori  autem  ptoportloae  yii^ 
feotibili,  in  mineru  cufri  JUvis  tifimjo  viridibus. 

8.  Minera  plumbi «  fpatbofa. 

9.  In  mineris  ftatmi^  Zinnirraupen  ma{na  copia* 

10.  In  mineris  ar^cnti^  rubra  Ik  alba. 

.    H£KCK£L  in  Fyritol,  p!  6ii.  coicendit  arGsn leam  etian| 
aliqvaado  teperirl  in  Upidibus  micacets^ 

Ohf.  a«  Arr^aicuoi  plurifqis  licet  in  n^.^ierf^  reperltnr  bofpi* 
t^ns  &.<i^rideiQ  Catis  xt{A^\^  copii,  pjiida  tam?n  eft  lo^is, 
ub(  in  ufum  trabi  Tolet,  hQ  fepararltn  colligere*  Methodus 
rec^pta  in  eo  cpnfiftit ,  uc  nulixerap  arejicales  contundtQ- 
tui  &  laventur,  6fiV\ie  infticuitur  in  fumoreverberii  oftu- 
l.rio^  fub  Hepius  r^petita  itgitationei^  ur  etpellatur  arfeni* 
cum  in  Ciin'hiiUD  tere  hori^ontaliter  exftrud^nd,  &  direr* 
iimode  Aexum,ad  950  vel  300  pedum  longicudinem  exten- 
funtt  in  (\vo  canino,  finit^i  uftulatione, /orisa  arfiniealifgri/ia^ 
parietibus  aof^xa,  c<>ili(;irur,  q\rs  deinde  iQifcetur  cuia 
fubdupla  portiane  ftlii  alkalim  vel  ciikrum  cUvcUatorum^ . 
in  ollis  fuhlimatoni*  renoyat*  rublimationi  fu'^jlcitur,  un- 
de  folid^m  cryft-illin^m  fufcipir  faciem  Sl  vocacur  arfim^ 
(um  album  ery/lallia»m  qva\t  in  mercatur^  occurit.    De(bri« 

Ecionem  horu^  fcurnorufo  &  caminorum  dedecunC   Mich. 
lERMii.   Valentini  it^  Muf^Muf.9iipH>  LtHM^n/m 
VaiminU 
Etiam  per  depcenfum  \  mfnera  Teparari  poteft«  dum  arrenicumt 
io  candles  vel  to veais  ad  hindnoi  fuAi  lacerales  propeltitur* 

Obf.  3*  Arfenicum,  qvamvis  maxime  volitfle,  tamcn  fiti  pcufi 
9Q(i  folum  cum  terrir.  ut  in  antecedentibus  innuimus,  fej 
etiam  imprimis  cum  nstro ;  cum  qro  pecuiiarem  exhibet 
indolem.  Etenim  ad  oitrunit  in  crucfbulo  fixfum.  dum  fnge* 
ritur  m(nor  pertio  arflenici  p^ulverifati,  producitur  inde 
maxima  effer^^e^centia  &  intum'^rcentia ,  cum  fremitOt  fine 
rcintillatlone,  &  afcendic  prlmum  fumus  ^rrenicalia»  poft- 
modutnjpirituf  nitri,  hoc  motu  psdato,  dum  plus  arfenicj 
ingeritur  ad  nitrum ,  eadem  iterum  producunrur  phsoo* 
Qieoa ,  continuandum  itaqve ,  &  hoc  motu  Tedato,  cum 
arr^nici  injeaione  ufqvedijm  nullus  appareat  motus  abln- 
iefto  arfenicoi  qvofaftrt,  maflfa  aufto  igne  tundenda,  qv« 
turn  vocatUT  ar/hnicum  fixum  ^  in  qvo  plurimum  arf-inici 
adeft.  Hoc  idem  facilius  obtineri  poteft,  fi  nltri  partes  bi^ 
n«  cum  arfenici  parte  una  inixts  lo  mas;aa,  bene  tefto 
crucibulo  c  tlliqvantur  usqve  ad  confi(lentiani  yitream, 
1)1  sflTi  deinde  cum  aqva  edulcoratur  &  iiocatur. 

Si  nitri  &  arfeaid  9natic«  partes  mixts,  deftillentar  per 
recQftam,  m,  qvas  ci^emici  doceat.  Ciiu(e(ia«  obtinetnr  In 

vafe 


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|X  C  0  )  MJ  171 

vare  recipiente«  inqvodprius  qvidpiam.aqvs  puraeinfu* 
fum  efle  debet,  /piritut  nitri  carukus^  &  k  mafTa,  in  retor- 
ta  poft  deftillationem  relifta,  dum  aqva  pura  folvitur  & 
cryftalliDicur,  Ai/  neutrum  ^fenicale^  praeterqvam  qvidpiam 
arfenici  puri  &  oitri  puri^  Hoc  fal  neutrum  airfenicale  ab 
acidis  mineralibus  decoxnponi  noa  poteft ,  a  folutiopibus 
vero'metallicis  acido  faftls  decomponitur  ob  arfeDiciat* 
traftiOQem  ad  metatl^*  &  acidorum  QiQe^alium  ad  alkali. 

Objl  4.  Arfenici  affinhaf  ad  metalla  feqveiiti  for&n  videtur  or- 
dioe.  liso«  Ai  ftrrwn^  qvo  arrenicum  4  reliqv^is  metallis 
reparari  poteft.  ado,  Niecolum^  qvod  difficalter  ab  arfenico 
feparatur«  jtio,  Cuprukt  qvo  etiam  arfenicum  ireliqvis 
metallis,  ferro  excepto,  feparatur.  4to,  Stajinumj  ovodab 
arrenico  calcinacur,  &  ibiinlytum  retlnet^  omni  in  tufiooe, 
arfenicunt  5to,  Zineun^.  *(!jto,  flumbum^  qyod  ad  partem 
com  arCsnico  yitiificatur.  Ad  argettfum^  t^urum^  pjercurium^ 
regulum  antimonii^  af&nitas  ^rfeaici  nondum  eft  plene  ex- 
plorata,  licet  tarn  argeotum  qvam  mercurium  ad  partem 
volatilifet,  uode  major  ad  ilia  metalla  qvam  ad  aurum  vi- 
detur arfenici  approximation  Ad  laijmfttbum  &  cobajfum  nul* 
la  adbuc  experiri  potviimtis  arfenici  attraftion^m, 

Inter  folia  ma^imam  habet  at^ra^one^  ^dfiHA  (^hjina  fixa. 

Obf.  f«  Aftenicum  falituieSe  indole,  &  ut  fill  mttMieum  confi- 
derari  debere,  facile  demonftratur,  (a)  A  facie  externa,  la- 
Uno  corpori  fimili.  (b)  K  foluttonibuf  in  aqva  &  omni  li- 
qvido  (c,A  crjiftallifatione^  aliorum  falium  more.  Hinc&  k 
plurimis  mineralogis  arfenicum  ad  falia  relatum  eft.  Hoc 
fal  metallicum ,  ccrrofi-va  ejp:  indole^  acldis  mineralibus  for- 
tifTimis  Qmili,  evincUur.  imOtAb  indole  expellendi  fjpirir 
turn -nitri*  AdQ,Afortiattra6tione  ad  falja  alkallna.  atio^  A 
faturatione  falium  alKalinorum.  eorundemqve  mutationeii^ 
fal  medium.  Hujusfalis  n\etallici  corrofivam  indolem,  ma^ 
ximim  cum  acido  filU  habere  cotiv^n\enthm\  prabatur  (<i) 
a  fortiori  ejusdem  ad  acidum  ftlis  approximatione.  Hinc 
folutiones  acido  falis  faftae  ab  arfenico  praecipitari  non  pof- 
funt.  (b)  A  fimitiidin^  axteo^icl  cum  luna  cornuaj  plumbo  cornuof 
qvs  fere  tit  arfenicum  arte  faftum  confiderari  pofluntf 
fimiiiter  &  mercuut^s  fublimatut  \  ft  experimentum  Elle- 
Rt  qvod  legttur  in  rb.  Cb.  Med.  Abbandl.  p.  34a,  ub!  dicit, 
arfenicum  cum  parte  dimidia  mercurii  tritum  &  binit  vi- 
cibus  fublimacum  ,  verum  mercurium  fnbUmatum  fuppeditaf- 
fe,  fuccederet,  extra  omnem  dubitationis  allsam  haec  Veri- 
tas turn  effet  pofita.  ig)  A  vi  fohendi  erocos  martis  & 
venerij,  aeqvaliter  ac  fpiritus  falii  (d)  A  vi  volatilifindi 

me- 


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i7a  {x  f  o  )  K| 

netalla,  qva  xtfvrali  cum  fptritu  (klis  gaudet  O)  Ab  ar- 
feoicali  alliaceo  udofe,  qvem  JmI  commune  emittit^  dura 
cum  carbooibus,  fub  tufiooe,  rcintiUat^ 

Ohf.  6.  Affenicum  fimul  efle  metallicum  corpuSt  &  ut  /&/  w^fo/- 
/f ruffr  coofiderari  debere ,  patec ;  (a)  k  gravitate  fpeci&ca« 
mecallica;  (b)  ab  indole  cummetallit  coUiqVandi  abic^ve  ut 
dedruatur  eorundem  metaliica  natura  &  facies«  Si  nam* 
qve  arfeiiicum  oonaifi  Cil  qvoddam  efTet,  metalla  cum  ar« 
Koico  foluta.  falinam  induerent  factem,  qvemadmoduai 
fieri  depreheodimus,  dum  metalla  aliis  Talibus  folvuotur; 
Praeterea  notum,  qvod  falta,  in  fuflooibUK,  cum  meuUla, 
fiue  aliova  folutiooe,  combinari  ounqvam  poflunt,  qvod 
tamen  neri  deprehendimus  cum  arfenico,  Metallicum  arft^ 
nici  corpus  ut  calcinatum  effe  coniiderandum  iudicaut  lmo« 
Ejuidem  Jtmilitudo  cum  calctbus  metal lorum,  tam  ad  ex- 
ternam  tacrem «  qvam  ad  folubllitatem  io  uido  Jilis  ftdo, 
Ejiisdem  rcduHso  in  metallicum  ftattim«  cum  pblogifiies  ma* 
teria  eodem  modo,  qvoalis  calces  met  llorum  reducun^ 
rur.  Hinc  elucet^  cur  arrenicum  noo  tam  ad  faba  qwm  ad 
femtmetalla  referre  potuimua^  inprimis,  qvum  in  tota  fib^ 
JlafUia  meulticanl  induere  poflit  taciem«  ac  iutegre  iteruQt 
absqve  alius  materis,  qvam  iufl^aimabilis  amiiCone,  prl* 
Ilinam  alTumere  catcarean  naturam,  qvae  proprietates  aUi 
fall  metalUco  nunqvam  compnunt. 

ObJ.  7«  InHammahile  qvid  arfenico  efle  immixtumt  vldetur  pro- 
bari  poffe  partira  ab  ejusdem  volatilitate ,  pardm  k  falimt 
indole,  qV2e  vix  fine  ioflammabili  materia  exiftere  poteft, 
partim  ab  ejusdem  approximatione  ad  flilpbur. 

Ohf.  8,  Ab  allatis  obfervarlonibus  concludimus  arfenicum  ej^ 
fit  metallicum  volatile^  corrojivum.  zd  partem  cum  mercurio 
vivo  couvenlens,  qvem  iisdem  fere,  vel  fimilibus  confta- 
re  partibus  indicavimus.  Dijferentiam  haec  inter  femime- 
talla  confiftere  arbitramur,  vel  in  mutaia  proportioue  par- 
tium  conftituentium,  vel  in  principH  terreftrii  diverfa  na- 
tura;  vel  iu  bis  iltrisqve  monumentis*  lUuftrat  hanctheo- 
rlktiit  mac;na  arfenid  cum  mercurio  fublimato  fimilitudot 
atqve  arjenici  effedui  in  metalla,  idem  fere  ac  mercwrH^ 
tollendo  eorum  colorem,  malle<ibilitatem  &  fixiutem. 

Ohf.^.  Hoc,  de  qvo  jam  locuti  (bmns  arfenicum  alburn, 
antiqvfofibus  notum  non  fuit,  Avicenna  primus  eft  qvi 
arfenici  albi  n^t^/w  mentionem  facit.  Arfemcum  veto  rubrum 
qvod  Satidatacham  vocarunt,  &  Jlavum  aurifigwieutum^  Fludm 
&  Diojcoridij  aliisqve  oota  fuerunt 

$.  IIJ. 

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3.         COBALTUM.    Gen.  84. 
•     Cadmia  vitri  carulei. 

Sveth,  GoBOLT^    Fi»Ra*COB0LT. 
Gall.  Cobalt  oa  Kobolt.     v%  De  Bomare.  g.  44^ 
Gernu  Kobolt«     Farbeh  •  Kobo^t» 
I,  Eft  SemimetaUuiD,  colore  ex  albo  grifeo  feu  albo  Ceru« 
lefcente^  conliftentia  dura,  fragili,     recenti  fraQura 
[^articulis    nininlis,    inftat.metalli  feu  chalybis,  de* 
bilitet  nitens, 
a.  In  dert  parum  denitore,  cum  tempore  perdit. 
3»  Gravitate  fpecifica  in  proportionc  ad  aqvam,  ut  7,700  :i 

I, coo. 
4.  In  igne  eft  ^xum ,  Hon  ftimats   tlec  flagrans  ^  calcina^ 

tione  fit  nigrefcens ,  faltcm  obfjuro  colore. 
;•  Fortiori  igne  liqvcfcit^  codem  fere  ignis  gfadu  qvo  au- 

nira  lluit 
iSv  Catcinatum  &  cum  dUplOi  ^itri  aut  boracis  bene  mixtum, 
funditur  in  vUfum  caruleum^  qva  proprietate  fpecifice 
hujus  femimctalli  prasfentia  in  minera  qVacunqve   to* 
gnofcitun 
7.  Ab  oleo  i>itrioli  Cofic^nttato  Iblvltuf  ,  foliitione  r ubente, 
qvas  ab  adfufa  aqva  pura  fit  magis   rubens.     A    folu* 
tione  cobafti  in  oleo  vitrioli  bene   concentrata ,     obti* 
nentur  vryjtalli  rubrtB. 
|.  Ah  (^va  f mi  Si  fpiritu    nitri  folvitur  colore  tofacco,^ 
qvaB  folutio  ab  adfufa  aqVa  pura  non   prsctpicatur^ 
fed  ab  alkali  fixo  colore  obfcuro ;    ab  alkali  wlatili 
colore  rubente^ 
^.  Bene  ftUuratiB  fohiHmi  in  aq*oa  forti  fa^a  fi  iidditur 
mutiafalis  communis  concentrata  ,    fit  eadem  folutio 
rubens  aut  flave  rubens,   qvas  conftituit  atramentum 
J^fmpatbetbicnniy  hdc  eft ,  qvo  invifibiles  liter»  fcribi 

pof- 


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174  ««  C  «>  )  Kj 

jpoiTunt ,  qvse  igne  &  calore  admoto ,  fiunt  vifibild^ 
colore  pulchre  viridi  j  in  frigore  iterum  invifibiles 
admoto  calore  fiunt  iterum  vifibiles  eodem  colore, 
<lvod  fsepius  repeti  pot^ft.  Hsst,  proptietas  alteram 
iibtam  chara&erifticam  conftituii  ^  qva  cobaltum  in 
mineris  lateiis  cognofci  )>oteft^ 

lo.  Afpiritu/alis  iTolvitur  priittum  dolott  Viridi\  i^oftmo^ 
dum  viblaceo    feu  purpureo ;    ab  aqva  regis  folvitur 
-    •    colore  irubro* 

If.  Omni  cutii  meiallo  ^  femimeialto  colUqvari  poteft^  fal- 
Va  raanente  metallica  forma  &.  facie ,  exceptis  argen-^ 
to  9  pltimbo  k  wifinidbo^  difficiilter  qvoqve  Ciioi  zin*^ 
CO  eft  mifcibile* 

12.  Cuiii  meriurio  hbn  iunalg^n)ltui^» 

Obr,  r.  Cobatti  ninera^  longior!  retro  tempore  licet  lotafuiil 
a  monHcolis  fint  trafta^  ad  bbtioendum  tatruM  earukum^ 
ipfum  vero  femimetaUuitt  non  per  Te  eliqVatum  fuit;  hioc 
ladtum  qvod  ad  noftra  nsqve  tempora  igootom  fuit.  Qva« 
le  fit  principlum  UludImetaUi(^um,  iomineraCobalti.  qvod 
caeruleum  colorem  conftlruit  primiu  demonftravit  l.d.  cm^ 
filiariut  R.  Metall.  O.  Brandt  in  AH>  Lit.  &*  Scief^.  Upf. 
'733  >  ubi  indubitatis  experimentia  evicit«  id  iplbm  pecu- 
liare  effe  femimetallum,  qvod  ideo  &  cobaltum  appellaviff^ 
ac  idem  eft,  qvod  ad  Aias  pro(|rietatea  defcripfimus.  Sed 
non  omnes  mineralogt  &  chemicl  banc  opinionem  adopta* 
re  volaerunf.  Hekcrel  in  Pyritol'  p.  462-  &  ilibi  in  fats 
fcriptit,  in  earn  pronus  videtur  fisntentiaro,  qvod  blc  co- 
.  lor  caeruleus  k  martiali  qvodam  principio  dependrat,  qva 
'  &  in  opinione  videtur  effe  Pott  in  Difjvif.  eircst  Experim^ 
,  JE/fen,  p.  04.  Horum  veftigiis  infiftltLG.  von  Justi  ia 
Mineral  R.  uec  non  In  Cbem.  Scbrift.  Vol.  I.  p.  2^7*  &  p. 
483*  &e.  contendens  hunc  csruleum  colorem  dependere  ^ 
particulls  martialibus  cum  iir/fs/>ocombitiatis;qVam  nuUa^ 
prout  ille  exiftimat,  detur  minera  cobalt!  fine  arfenico; 
&  Hekckel  htijUimodi  colorem  caeruleum  a  /iWrarA  martis 
iiarjimco  obtinuerit,  dum  prius  mixta,  igne  reverberii,  cal- 
cinatafuerint;qvibus  roomends  accedit,  qvod  cum  ma^Jia^ 
qvae  ferrum  continere  dicitur,  cum  arfenico  mixta,  vitruoi 
caeruleum  obtineri  prfiit.  Sed  baec  momenta  qvilibet  per- 
l^iclt  omni  carere  fide&  tundamento ;  aemini  oamqve  igno- 

tum« 


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turn,  arfentcum  potlus  tollcre  colores  qvain  eosdetn*  produ- 
cere«  qvam  &  ob  cauilam  expellitur  orone  arfeoicum^  Tub 
uiiuUtiooe  mioers  cobalt! ,  ante  vitriftcatioaem,  uteopuU 
chrius  obtineacur  v^trum.  Probe  deniqve  uotanduiD«  qvod 
i  mincra  Mrjinirali^  qva^  teriutn  &  arf  oleum  coQtiitec^  live 
alba  ,  fiVeciVitfrfti,  qvacuuqve  propbrtioDe,  haec  ingredientia 
inunixu  tueriot*  nunqvaoi  t^roeti  vUrumcxruieiiiro  pra?para- 
r)  pollic.  Ellek  io  i^byJ'.Cbcm.  Abbanii^  p.  35^.  ioprimis 
J.  O.  LEiivi\ifN  tafo"irt  Cadmiol  p.  ts  £5*  33,  qvam  la 
Mineral,  p.  143.  ekiftimaot  builc  caeruleuin  colorem  depea- 
dcie a ciipro,  feu  ^i«6?«rfl  vencrir^  aec  non  a  fei^ro&c  terra  qva* 
dam  pecuiiari  vitrificabith  Cautas  hujuS  hypotbefebs  qvas  al- 
l^iuc  &  qvras  coliigere  potuimUs  heic  eaumerafe  nimis 
met  prolixum  ;  ad  fioguU  ihomeota  rffpbuAim  dedimus 
in  Elem.  MetaUurg.  p.  4^or»  feq.,  Hejc  fufecJt  dixiffe  ,  raro 
aut  Qunqvamcttpriimimineracobalti  pura,  five  via  bufnida. 
five  viajicca  feparari  poflejnla,  he  Veftigium  qvid^mcu- 
pri  indagari ;  praeterea  &  obfervari  neceQarium  eQ,  cuprum 
in  folutiooibus  notinullis  caritkum  ()Videm  iexhiherfe  colo- 
lem,  Q;inqvam  vero  fo    vicnficatioQe,    alltef   coidntumt 

SyM£  tubruM  reddere  vitrum  vel  viride^   qvA^  ab  arugi* 
e  obcioetur,  unde  patet,  allata  argumenfa  k  Lebmanno^  ae 
qvidem  ad  probabtlitacis  gradum  dfceiiderh 

€Ui  u  Vox  cbbalti  e(l  maxiiiie   ambigua.  6^  NnrthnItU  {it 

ipeirft  fodinis  germanids  ,  jpiritui  cutdam  mah,  Teu  Jpeftrh 

.^fMiilitim qVibus  moiiticolv  in  ftxiitiiv  l^di  dicuntur;   qvs 

.-fpeftra  ^ero  non  alia  ftiot  qvam  vapor  drjinicalu^  ab  bis 

^^mineris  cobalti^  plerufenqve   arfedicalibus  dependens.  (d> 

-.Bine  for  fan    arfenicalcs  mincra^  alba,  cincrea  &  teftatea »  ob 

-'^arfenicum  irthofpitans  c(4falti  nomen   k  plurimis   ubtinue- 

\  runt,    f'c)  Delnde  veto  hoc  oomen  fedfiftum  full  ad  ml- 

v'Seras  plerumqVe  arfeilicales^  qv«  CalciDat«  tingunt  In  fu* 

>  fiooe  vitra  Colore  c«ruIeo«  qvs  heic  jam  defcribendae.  (d) 

Tandem  eo  pervencum,  uc  ip(bm  femiroetallumv  qVod  hac 

*^tfngendi  vlrtucc  fpecifice  gaudet/hoc  nomine  <fu!t   inflgili^ 

;  ,tum;  qvo  (en^u  heic  Aimittilr,  Si  minera  cobalts  Vocantut; 

jj^vm  boo  femimetallum  coutmeqt. 

IJ^em  efttere  ratio  voc\s  eadmia^  qvae  diverfis  tribtii  Colet 
-^jCorporiboSylnprlmis  Us,  qvi  fummitatlbus tomacum  vel  ca* 
i^piDis^  ubi  miuers  roetallicae  calcinantur  vel  funduntur,ylr. 
^^giW/j  inftar  adfigi  Colent.  Hinc  Ca")  ipfa  farina  arfenicaiir^ 
^^parietibus  camlni  adherens,  poll  uilulatlonem  mineraruai 
^JCobalti,  vocatur  cadmia  pulverulenta  drfenicalif.  (b)  Eodeoi 
{JlfiiadafflcaCOt  fioret  zinri ;  fub  Mooibus,  ad  fummitates 
^Hi^-t'wj^ -^  .       -  forna- 


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»75  fy^Co")^ 

fornacum  elevats  &  coDdeiiCitXt  cadmid  fonrndtum  spp^lla- 
tae  fulin  (c^  Hinc^ni  fallor,  minera  qv^edam  znci^  qv« 
faujusmodi  florA  prxbet*  vocata  eft  cddmia  fiffllif  feurji- 
mia,  lapidoja  ;  (d)  eadma  fojjiiisffo  catuko^  feu  #  ^caimia  me- 
taliicu  eft   qvod  cobaUam  jam  vocatur* 

g:  COBALTUM  ftrr0  arf&kicato  ^    cfon  vel  fine  ftdpbure^ 

mineralifatum ,   ihinera  alba  ^  plants    ata  granulis  m> 

cans.    MiKERA  Cobalti  tbssularis.     Spec  292* 

Galena  ci)balti.     Nokhullorum. 

Cobaltum  cum  ferro  ftdpburato  (f  ar/emcai9  nrimraUfitum^ 

Cronstedt  15;. 
Svcth.  Glants  Cobolt 
Gall,  Mik£  de  Cobalt  blakchb   briLlahte.    Ga- 

LCNE  DK  Cobalt      \ 
Germ.  Glanz^Kobolt 

Eft  minera  Cobalti ,  planls  attt  granulis,  colore  albo 
aiit  parum  rubetite ,  micans  ad  ftruduram  galenas  plumbi 
haud  diilimilis,  tcflulis  polyedricis,  pins  minus  diftindo 
conf))icuis  ^  coropofita ,  compafta ,  ponderofa ,  cultro  ra- 
filis  ,  in  aqva  forti  e^rvefceos  ,  prasbet  folutionem  rubro 
fiavam,  qvas  cum  muria  Talis  ,  pulcherrimum.prsbet  atra" 
tnentum  fympatbetbicum  ;  cum  oUo  vitrioli  folutionem  ru* 
bram;  inigne,  fob  calcinatione ,  odorem  emittit  arfenica* 
lem  &  nigrefcit ;  conftat  cobalto  cum  ferro  arfenicato,  nee 
non  fulphufe   aliqvando  adroixto. 

(a)  MiNEKA  Cobalti  tbssularis  alba,  fraSura  mi- 
cans^ 
Cbbaltum  cum  ferro  fuipburato  6?  arfenico  mineralifatum^ 
Cronstedt  251. 

Conftat  cobalto  ferro  arfenicato  mineralifatum ,  una 
cum  admixto  fulphure ,  teflulis  majoribus  anc  roino« 
rlbus,  plus  minus  ordinate  congeftis^  colore  albo 
aut  albo  rubente  nitens.  Tunaberg  in  Sudermannia. 
Ch)  MiKKRA  Cobalti  tessularis^  obfcure  nicens. 
CobaUum  ferro  (f  arfenico  metalliformi  mineralifatum^  po- 
lyedricum^  plants  nitentibus.  Cronstbdt.  249.  i.  d.  2. 

Cos- 


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|>i(o)«}  ,77 

Cbnfttt  cobalto  ^  cum  ferro  &  arfenico  minoralifiito^  abs- 
qve  fulpBure^  eft  magis  compa£la  6c  denfa  ^  debili 
gaudens  nitore. 

(c)  MiNjSRA  CoBALTi  TBssuLARis,  grattidaris* . 
Hbcc  noti  tarn    planis    qvam    potius   granulis   majori- 
bus  vel    minoribus   nitec.      Tunaberg  in  Sudwmannia. 
Von  RappoU  in  Cmrbnia^  • 

Ohf^  Ob  aeqvalem  (truAuratn  has  nominatas  varietates  Aib 
una  fpecie  compreheadere  volut ,  easdetn  licet  Crg^- 
STBDT  &  alii  fpecie  diftinxeriQt«  ohfutpbursf  praerenriam 
iQ  varidcate  prims,  &  ejusdem abfenciam  iu  fecunda;  Ted 
exifttmaverini  fuipbur  in  varletate  prima  noaniii  ^ccidcntaU 
efle«  &  I  mineris  cupri  in  eadem  fodina  praecipue  iiofpi- 
taatibus ,  dependere ,  atqve  nan  adeo  renfibiiem  adtulifle 
differentiam ,  iic  reticcamus,  nos  ab  Ufa  loqveodi  &  re* 
cepu  Qociooe  vocum  non  recedere  velle. 

2.  COBALTUM    ferro  fe?  arfenico  mineralifatwfi  ^   miner  a 
cinerea  difformi^  particiUis  parce  vel  non  nitens.  Mike- 

aA    COBALTI   CINBREA.  SpCC.    ^^93. 

Cobaltutn  VuhGi. 

Cobaltam  ferro  &    arfenico    tnttalliformi    minerdijatum. 
Cronstedt  249. 

Sveth.  Gra  Cobolt  Malm^     Derb  Cobolt 

Gall.  MiHE  DE  Cobalt  cBHpR^e.    v.    Dfi    JBomare. 

Germ»  Graubs  Kobolt^Erz.    Dbrber  •  Kobolt. 

Eft  minera  fere  folida,  denfa  &  gravis,  tettura  utpla- 
rimum  chalybea ,  minimis  particults  parce  vel  non  niten* 
tibus  compoftta )  colore  cinereo  vel  albo  obfcuro,  cum 
aliqva  ad  rabedinem  inclinatione ;  ad  chalybem  plerumqve 
fcintillat^  odore  forti  alliaceo  ,  compofita  a  cobalto  &  ferro 
arfcnicato  ,*  absqve  fulphure ;  Tolvicur  ab  aqva  forti  cum, 
vel  fine  feffervefcentia  ^  qvs  fcjutio  cunr  muria  falls  com- 
monis  atramentuni  pr^ebet  fympatheticu^i ;  calcinatione  for* 
tern  emittit  odorem  (iilphurcum  &  nigrefcit. 

Tom///.  M  Co   ^ 

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178  iy^  )o  (^ 

(i)  MiKBRii  CoBALTi  CINEREA5  fclida. 
Facie  &  textura  gaudet  fere  foli(fa  feu  chalybea,    cine^^ 
rea.     Lo9s  in  Heljingia.  Reigersdorf  in  Hajjta.  Frey^ 
berg, 
(bj  Minora  Cobalt i  cinkrea  ,  grantdaris. 
Eft  minoribas  granulis  corapolica ,  dura  fed  firangibi* 
liS)  colore  utplurimumalba  rubente  feuparum  hepa- 
tico.  Loos  in  Heljingia.     RiddarbyUan  in  ff'eJtfnamUai 
*     Scbneeberg  in  Saxonia^ 

Oif.  Utraeqve  bae  cot>alti  miners  defcripfo  Sp.  ima  &  ada 
plurimum  fiitiiles  minerae  arfenici  albi  6^p€e.  ^87  &  anerea 
Spec.a89i  fedab  iisdein  ^iftinguuocur  facile  i  mo  gravita- 
te majorU  qra  cobaUi  miners  gaudent ;  2i^,  colore,  qvl 
in  his  mineris  ad  rubedinem  utplurimum  inclinat,  &  p^uto 
obfcurior  ^xlflit ;  Jtio  ctddnatione^  qva  mineis  arfeoici- 
les  rubent,  cobald  Vero  nigrefcunt;^4to,/y«tioB^  ina^v^ 
forti^  qva,  ab  his  cobaltf  miaeris  cum  miria  falu  commu- 

•  nix,  anramentum  obtlneri  poteft  fympathethicum,  qvod  ^b. 
arren)calibus  mineris  fieri  non  poteft;  $to  Fufione  cum  t//- 
tfo  vel  horace  admixto,  qva  ab  bis  vitrum  caruleum  obt;- 
netur ,  ab  arfenicalibus  Vero  mineris  nigrum. 

3f.  COBALTUM  ferro  fulpbufato  mineralifatum^  colon  aU 
b0  f  parum  nitens-    Minera  Cobalti  sulphurea^ 

Spec.  ip4* 
Cobaltwn  f^o  fuipburato  mineraHfiutm.  v.  Link£  up* 
3.  CaONSTEDT  .150. 

Sveth.   SwAFVKLARTia  Cobdlt^Malm^    Swaflad   . 

CoBOLD  -  Malm 
OalL  Mine  bE  CoBALt  sULPHuaEusfi 
Germ*  Schwefelichtes  Kobolt-Er2 

Colore  eft  hasc  minera  albefcente^  parum  nttens^  eoii«^ 
(be  cobalto  &  ferro  fulphurato  ^  absqve  arfenico  ;  in  aqva 
forti  primum  laStefctt^  deinde  vero  foludonem  dat  rubro 
flavam  &  cum  muVia  falis  cammunis  atramentum  fympathe- 
thicum;  ad  chalybem  aliqvatenus  fcintillat;  &  in  igne 
fpargit  fub  calcinatione  odorem  fulphureum  ^  atqve  iii* 
grefcit. 

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^Co>H5  179 

Ca)    MlNERA    CoBALTl   SULPHUREA    SOLIDA.    •       ' 
(b)    MlNERA    COBALTI    SULPHUREA    GRANULARIS* 

Utracqvc  has  varietaces  funt  repertse    In   fodina    Bafinds 

\,&  Myrttdkts  '  Grufmn  ad    Riddarhyttan   in    IVeftman- 

nia ,  atqvc  earundem  defcriptionein  ,    inpriinis    varic- 

tatis   fccundie,    dcdic     G.  Brandt    in    JcL    Stockb. 

1745. 

4,  COBALTUM/erro  avfmicatOy    mm^   vel  /the   fuphure^ 

miieralifatum  y  ayjlallifatim^      Minera     Cobalti 

crysTallisata.  spec,  -295, 

Cobalium  ferro  (^  arfenko  metallic^    metalliformi    minera- 

lifatum.     V.   Linnc   119.    2. 

Sveth.  Crystalliserad  CoBoLD -Malm.  Cobold* 
Dru^ 

Gall.  Mime  de  Cobalt  en  cristeaux.  v,  De  Bo- 
mare    2J5, 

Gerin.  CRrsTALLisiRTER  KoBOLT,     RoBOLT  Druse» 

Eil  ininera  cobalti ,  diftinais  cryftallis  &  figurii  erf- 
ftalliraca. 

{s)  MiKERA  Cobalti  crfstallisata,   polyeMca^ 
Rcpcritnr  figura  tejftdari^    pyramidali  vd    prifmnlictLy 
pluritnis  hedris,    dodecaedrica^   ^tradecaUrkaj  oflffit'^ 
caedrica  imopluribus,  Temper  (Iriatis,  dura   ad  cha- 
lybein  fcintillat   odore  arfenicalU      Tunaberg  in  Se«* 
dermannia.     Annaberg  in  ^axonitu 
Ohf.  Ut  h«  cryftnlli  raro  feparatira  iavenluntur,  fed  in  mt- 
trice,  faltem  ad  bafin,  abfconditae  jaccnt,  node  faiit    dtT- 
ficulter  earuodem  figura  intef^re  determinari   pntdt ;   idsi 
&  omnes  has  varietates  fub    una   corrprchendere    voluu 
don^c  fianr  melius  &    perfeftiu?  examinatae.      Dodecatin 
cam  a   Tunaberg  in  Sudermnnnia  e^ti    poflldeo;    9flod^caidri» 
citm\h  fodem  loco  plene  defcripfit  v.  Linn^   119.  1.  te^ 
tradecatdricnm  &  26   edficam^  ab  eodem  loco  defcribit  Da* 
▼  11.A. 

(h)  MiNERA  Cobalti  crystallisata  ^  jigwA  den- 
driiica. 

M  %  Vide^ 

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ISP  t«(o)Kj 

Videtur  qvafi  vegetando  iiata ,  fimilis-  vcl  iiiin6ribus 
arbufculis  aut  ftramini  congefto ,  vel  &  reti  cuidamv 
qvo  minera  fuperindu3a  fiiit,  a  qvibusy  hac  pofte- 
fior  citoTin  aSr^  fattfcit ,  &  nonnifi  vafe  claufo  con- 
fervari  poteft.  Colore  funt  obfcuro  vel  tinereo.  Mar* 
kircben .  in    Mfatia,    Scbneeberg  in  Saxonia.    . 

(c}  Minera  Cobalti  "crtstallisata  ,  figura  gfc* 
bofa^  Jlriata.    Kungsberg  in  Norwegia. 

2*.  COBALTUM  mineralifatum  -,  minera  'colore  nigrefcenH. 
vel  glauco  ^  Jcoriis  fimili,  Minera  Cobajlti  sco- 
rijfO^Ivhs.  Spec.  196. 

Minera  Cobilti  vUrea.     JNonnullorum.  • 
Cobaltum  porofum  \^  glaUceJcens  fufcum.     v«  Lin.  i19«4» 
Cobalti  minera  calciformis  indurdta.  Cronst.  247.  b. 

SvCth,    ScHLACKEN'-CoiiOLT 

G^\\.   Mike  de  Cobalt  virRBiWEn    ISemblable  k 

DES  SCOftlES.      V.   D^  BbMXRE.    134- 
Germ.  Schlacken-KoboL*. 

Eft  nigi-o  ^  nigrefcehte  aut  g^aUCo  colore,  infragraen- 
tavitri  inftar  divifibilis^  porofa,  fcoriformis ,  Ailphure 
&  arfenico  plerumqve  <carens« 

(a^  Minera  C6balti  sbokii^bRrtisii  dwra. 
Eft  colore  nigro,    caeralefccnte  aut  grifeo,   facie  & 
ftruftura  vitfea ,   pslita  taii   in  fuperfid6    qvam  in 
fraftura^   firoul   vero  porofa^    fcoriis  nigris  fimilis. 
Kleinzelle.     Jobanngeorgmftadt  in  Germania. 
(h)  Minera  CobAtTi  scoRiFOfe^Mis,  fpongiofa. 

Eft  minus  coitipafta  &  dura^    ad  confiftcotiara   con- 

denlatae  fere  fuligini  duriori  fimilis,  colore  nigro  vcl 

obfcurc  fufco,  porofa.     Saalfeld  in  Germania. 

01  f.  Miners  cobalti  fpecularit,  cujui  tneotionem   antef  feeimM 

Inter  mineras  arfenkrUSpw,  aej.  i*&  minera  arfenici  Ufior 

eea  defcripta  Spec>284«proxinie  ad   bano  minerarum  co« 

bakt  fpeciem  accedere  videntur.  Easdem  aliqvaodo  ctfbal- 

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/f#  habere  Immfxtuoi  teftatur  Lehmamn  in  Cadmiolog,  p. 
39,  ubi^dicic,  ^b  his  minerLs  arfeoicaiibus  pofl  fublim^i- 
ticnem  trfeaici,  a  reliduocumyat?  alkaiino  &  arena  turoi,  vi- 
trum  ca;ruieuiu  fe  obciouiffe.  Moa  icaqve  muum  qvod  a 
nouauUU  inter  miaeras  cobaiti  liat  eoumeratae. 

6x  COBALTUM  arfenicQ  viixtum  ^    colore   rubro  vel  flavo 
ejjlortjLens*     Flos  Cobalti.  \  Spec.  197, 

•  Octra  cobaiti  rubra, 

\  ,AJinera  Cobaiti  calciformiscalcearfenici  mixta.  Cko>9Stex>t 

r  Svech     Cobold  -  BlUthe,     CobOldblomma,       Co- 

•  buld-Beslag. 

-    Gall.  Fleurs  de  Cobalt,     v.  De  Bomare  236* 
^   G^ra.,  Kc  bolt-BlUthe 

Eft  minera  cobaiti  rubra ,  ftriata  au(  pulverulenta, 
qvds  hunc  colorem  ab  aliqva  aut  exhalatione  auc  folutione 
fnfcepit. 

(a)  Flos  Cobalti-^  germinnns. 
Videtwr  eflfe  ochra  cobaiti  rubra  in    ftriis  fubtiliHimis, 
fragillimis  ,    rubentibus     aut   purpureis    vel  violaceis 
cry llalli fata ,  vel  aliis  cryftallis   lapideis   immixta  vel 

•  adhaefcns,  unde  asbeflo  vel  potius  aniimonio  crudo,  ad 
ftruQurain  haud  diflSlhilis  eftj  fub  calcinatione  di* 
midium  ponderis  perdit  i  diflipato  arfcnico,  Sdmee- 
berg  &  Annaberg  in  Saxonta, 

^b)  Flos.  Cobalti  ,  fuperficiaiis.  ,r/->'''-«.*^ 

Eft  minera  cobaiti ,  qvae  fua  ia  fiiperficie  colorcm  ob- 
tinuit  flavum  aut  rubruin.  Scbmeberg.  Riegersdorp 
^nnaberg. 

(c)  Flos  Cobalti  ,  cim  lapide  aremrio  ]concretuu  ' 
Minera  arenacea  >  e.r  fiore  Cobalti  cum  arena,     CROn- 

stedt.  278.  C4 

Okf.    Ut  cobdlium  duplici   modo  deprehenditur   rubrum  afTu- 

mere  colorem,  fcilicet,  vel  folutione  in  acido  vitrieli  con- 

centraro,  vel  calcinatione  m\t\oT\  fi  arfenico  niifceatur;  qvo, 

namabbii  modo,  anutroqve  natura  huoc  rubrum  producit^ 


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colorem,  turn  .pleni  certirudine  die!  vix  pojcfl'.  Crow- 
STEDT  io  iW/«tfi:ijLexi{liniathwwc colorem abexhilationevel 
(ftlcinatioQe  mitiori  tohalti  cum  arfenico  mixti  dependere,  Ideo  & 
arfentcum  id  floribiis  cc  balti  ma^na  ^fit^e  copia.  Joh.  G. 
Lehmann  ia  Cadmiol.  p.  44.  &  in  C^uf.  PbxpSchr.]^. 
.  »37.  dicit  flores  cobalti  arte  produci  pofle,  oaturalibus  ae- 
qvales,  fi  minera  cobalti  folvatur  forti  ftib  digeftiane  ia 
acida  a;/trfo/i  coucentrato  ,  eademqve  fdlutio ,  perevapo- 
rationem,  ultenus  coriceiitret^ur,  dooec  obfcure  rubra  fiat, 
deinde  in  eaadem  injiciatur  creta  pulverijata^  qvs  ab  acido 
vitriolico  in  releoicicam  inmatur  naturam,  &  uot  cum 
materia  cohrante  rubra  prascipitatur  ad  fuodum  ;  poi^mo* 
dum  inftituatur  evaporacio  ad  ficcum,  fie  obtlaeturjlo/  co^ 
taiti  fuperficialis ,  pulveruleaca ,  qv«  fi  aqva  folvitur  & 
cryflaUiiatur,  bab  tur  flor  cobalti  germinans  ^  ^  fpiculis  Te- 
lenicicis  rubris  orta.  Hnnc  luam  opimonem  ex  eo  fundi* 
meotQ  confirmare  vult,  qvod  fiot  cobalti  germinans  oatu- 
ralis  ia  acidis  noa  fit  folubilis.  Mihl  noa  fuit  hujus  mi- 
ne'rae  copia  ut  eandem  ex4miQare  poflem. 

7^  COBALTUM  facie  ^  conjtjlentia  terrea.   Ochra  Co- 

'    BALTI  ,     Spec.    198. 

Calx  cobaltu  Nonnullorum. 

Ocbta  cobalti  pulverea^  fulva,  v.  Linn6  193^  8. 

Odra  cobalti  nigra  (^  rubra.     Ceohstedt  147  &248« 

Sveth    CoBOLD  -  JORD,     Coj^LD  -  Ochra  * 

Gall    Ochre  de  Cobalt.     Mine   de  Cobalt  ter- 

REUSE. 

Germ.  Kobolt  -Erde.     Kobolt  -Ochbr 

Eft  terra  roet^Uica  cobalti ,  plus  minus  pura ,  di ver- 
fo  colore »  non  tarn  folucione  qvam  :deftrudione  minerarum^ 
acre  &  aqva  conjundim  vel  alternatim  igentibus  &  ex- 
halationem  promovencibus ,  produQa;  calcinattone  picrum- 
qve  arfenicalem  emittit  odorem ;  fufione  vero  cum  borace 
vcl  fritta  vitriariorum ,  vitrum  prasbet  caerulcum ;  in  man- 
tibus )  ubi  minera  cobalti  reperitur ,  hofpitans. 


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(z)  OcHRA  CoBALTi  nigra^ 
Eft  frtPfeilis  &  pulveruknta ,    digitos  foliginis  Inftar  in- 
qvinans ,  ferrum  &  cobaltum  continet^  parum  vcroaut 
nihil  arjenici.  Saalfeld.  Scbneeberg  in  SaxorUa. 

(h)  OcHRA  CoBALTi  rubra. 
Eft  fragUis  ^  pulvcrulenta,  fubro  ,  purpureo  aut  vib- 
lacco  colore ,  f«pe  piineris  cobalti  fuperficialiter  ad* 
h«rens,  calcinatione  diniidiam  ponderis  perdit,  orw 
/emVo  diffipato  ;  colorcra  habet  k  deftruaionc  qvara 
fubeunt  plurima3  mineree  cobati,  in  aerc  vcl  locis 
huraidioribus,  rubrum  fufcipientes ,  qvem  non  folum 
acido  folutum. cobaltum,  inpritni^  alkali  volatili  prscT- 
pitatum,  fed  &  arfenico  mUtam,  calorc  fufcipit. 

Cc)  OcHRA  Cobalti  liUea, 

Eft*  ochra  martiali  fimilis ;   mfmuthum  fimul  continens, 
xoidQ  jlavedQj  ni  fallor,  depcndct. 

(d)  OcHRA  Cobalti  alba. 
Eft  marga  alb»  non;  diffirailis ,  Icvis  &  glebofa ;  fuam 
albedincm  ,  an  i  rubedine  cum  tempore  mutau,     an 
aliunde?  non  ccrtum  eft.     IVurtmbcrg. 

("e)  OcHRA  Cobalti  candza. 
Saalfeld  in  Saxmia. 

(f)  OcHRA  Cobalti  viftdis. 

Saalfeld.     Wurtmberg, 
Obj:  Cobalti  Urtm^  cum  argilU  mixtam  defcripOmus*    Spec. 

b8.  Lit.U 

Obfervatioms  circa  Cobaltum  &  ejus  mineras. ., 

Obj:  I.  Cobaltum  iafuper  hofpUare  folet  ;  .       . 

jmo.  In  mincris  arjenici ;  arjinico  tiattvo  nigfo  ftiaHlt  \Spec. 

£83.  a.)&  arfenico  teftaceo  C%r.  284A  fed  rariu^.  &  miai- 

ma  copiain  his  reperitur. 
«do,  la  minera  niecoli^  mox  defcribenda- 
|tio,  In  minerif  'wsfmutbif  treqveater  adeffe  Iblet 

M  4  PV'  2- 


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175  t>^(  o")^ 

fbrnacum  elevats  &  coodeuCitXt  cadmid  fo^ndtum  sppella- 
tae  fuhu  (c>  Hinc^ni  fallor,  miuera  qvudam  znci^  qv« 
faujusmodi  florelt  praebet*  vocata  eft  cddmia  fiffilit  feuctii- 
mia  lapidoja  ;  (d)  cadmU  foffiiiipro  canUeOf  feu  #  ^Cdimia  me- 
tallica  eft   qvod  cotaltum  jam  vocatur* 

g*  COBALTUM  ferro  arf&kicato  ^    cum  vel  fine  ftdpbure^ 

fnineralifatum  ^   minera  alba^  planis    ata  grmulis  mt- 

cans.    MiKERA  Cobalti  tbssularis.     Spec  292* 

Galena  ciibalti.     Nokhullorum. 

Cobaltum  cum  ferro  julpburato  £f  orJmcatQ  mimraRJatum^ 

Cronstedt  15;. 
Svcth.  Glants  Cobolt 
Gall,  MikK  de  Cobalt  blakchB   briLlahte.    Ga* 

LCNE  DK  Cobalt      \ 
Germ.  Glanz^Kobolt 

Eft  minera  Cobalti ,  planls  attt  sranulis,  colore  albo 
aut  parum  rubetite ,  micans  ad  ftruduram  galenas  plumbi 
haud  diflimilisi  tcflulis  polyedricis,  pins  minus  diftindo 
conf))icuis  ^  coropofita ,  compa£ta ,  ponderofa ,  cultro  ra* 
filis  ,  in  aqt)a  forti  efiervefceos  ,  praebet  folutionem  rubro 
fiavam,  qvas  cum  muria  Talis  ,  pulcherrimumpraebet  o^ra* 
mentum  fytnpatbetbicum  i  cum  oleo  vitrioli  folutionem  ru* 
bram;  in  igne,  fob  calcinatione ,  odorem  emittit  arfenica- 
lem  &  nigrefcit ;  conftat  cobalto  cum  ferro  arfenicato,  nee 
non  fulphure   aliqvando  adroixto. 

(a)  MiNEKA  Cobalti  tessularis  albay  fraStura  mi* 

cans^ 
Cobaltum  cum  ferro  ftdpburato  (f  arfenico  mineralifatum^ 
Cronstedt  251. 

Conftat  cobalto  ferro  arfenicato  n^tneralifatum ,  una 
cum  admixto  fulphure ,  teflulis  roajoribus  anc  roino« 
ribus,  plus  minus  ordinate  congeftis^  colore  albo 
aut  albo  rubente  nitens.  Tunaberg  in  Sudtrmannia. 
Q>)  MiNKRA  Cobalti  tessulaiiiS)  objcure  nHens. 
Cobaltum  ferro  (f  arfenico  metalliformi  mineralifatum^  po- 
lyedrUum^  planis  jiitentibus.  Crokstbdt.  249.  i.  d.  2. 

C08- 


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'    |>i(o)«}  ,77 

Confttt  cobalto  ^  cum  ferro  &  arfenico  minoralifiito^  abs- 
qve  fulpBure^  eft  magls  compa£la  &  denfa  ^  debili 
gaudens  nitore. 

(c)  MiNERA  CoBALTi  TEssuLARis,  gromUaris* , 
Hbcc  noti  tarn    planis    qvam    potius   granulis   majori- 
bus  vel    minoribus   nitec.      Tunaberg  in  Sudermannia. 
VonRappoU  in  Gmrtahia^  - 

Ohf.  Ob  aeqvalem  (truAuratn  has  nominatas  varietaces  Aib 
una  fpecie  compreheadere  volut «  easdetn  licet  Crg^- 
8TB DT  &  alU  fpecie  diftinxeriat,  ohfulpburif  praerenriam 
iQ  varfecate  prims,  &  ejusdem abfenciam  iu  fecunda;  Ted 
exift^maverini  fuipbur  in  varietate  prima  noaniii  sccidcntale 
ede,  &  i  mineris  cupri  in  eadem  fodina  praecipue  iiofpi- 
tantibus  ,  dependere ,  atq ve  non  adeo  feafibilem  adtulifle 
diiferentiam ,  iic  reticcamus,  nos  ab  Ufa  loqveQdi  &  re* 
cepu  QOtiooe  vocum  non  recedere  velle. 

2.  COBALTUM    ferro  fe?  arfmico  mineralifatwjfi  ^   mimra 
cinerea  difformi^  partiaUis  parce  vel  non  nitens.  Mike- 

fiiL   COBALTI   ClNBREA.  SpCC.     29}* 

Cobaltum  VuhOi. 

Cobaltum  ferro  &    arfenico    nfetcdliformi    mintrdijatum. 

CaoNSTEDT    249* 

Svcth.  Gra  Cobolt  Malm^     Derb  Cobolt 

Gall.  MiHE  DE  Cobalt  cBHiXR^e.    v.    De    Boma&b. 

Germ»  Graves  Kobolt^Erz.    Derbeu  •  Kobolt. 

Eft  minera  fere  folida,  denfa  &  gravis,  tettura  utpla- 
rimum  chal/bea ,  minimis  particults  parce  vel  non  niten- 
tibus  compofita ,  colore  cinereo  vel  albo  obfcuro,  cum 
aliqva  ad  rubedinem  inclinatione ;  ad  chalybem  plerumqve 
fcincillat)  odore  forti  alliaceo  ,  compofita  k  cobalto  &  ferro 
arfcnicato  ,*  absqve  fulphure ;  Tolvicur  ab  aqva  forti  cum, 
vel  fine  effervefcentia  ^  qvs  fcjutio  cunr  muria  falls  com- 
munis atramentwn  pr^ebet  fympatheticu^i ;  calcinadone  for* 
tern  emittit  odorem  (iilphurcum  &  nigrefcit. 

Tom.IL  M  (O   ^ 

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178  |)^  ^  0  C  Ki 

(i)  MiKBRii  CoBALTi  CINBREA5  fclida. 
Facie  &  textura  gaudet  ftre  foli(fa  feu  chalybea,    cine« 
rea.     Loos  in  heljingia.  Reigersdorf  in  Hajjia.  Frey* 
berg. 

(hj  Mi»^KA  CoBALTi  civiRKEA  ^  granulans. 
Eft  minoribas  granulis  corapolita ,  dura  fed  firaogibi- 
lis,  colore  utpluriaiumalbo  rubente  feuparum  hepa- 
tico.  Loos  in  Heljingia.     Riddarbyttan  in  ff'eJtmawMi 

*  Scbneeberg  in  Saxonia^ 

Oif.  Utraeqve  hae  cot>alti  miners  defcripfo  Sp.  ima  &  ada 
plurimuni  fiitiiles  minerae  arfenici  albi  Spec.  ^87  &  ctnerea 
Spec.a89i  fedab  lisdein  ^iftinguuotur  facile  i mo  gravita- 
te majori,  qra  cobaUi  miners  gaudenc ;  2^^,  colore,  qvi 
in  his  mineris  ad  rubedinem  utplurimum  inclinat,  &  p^uto 
obfcurior  ^xiflit ;  Jtio  cdldnatione,  qva  mineis  arfeoici- 
les  rubent,  cobald  Vero  nlgrefcunt;^4to,/>/tffiOB^  'magv9 
forts^  qva,  ab  his  cobalCf  miaeris  cum  miria  faltf  comrnu- 

•  ui/,  anramentum  obtlneri  poteft  fympathethicum,  qvod  ^b. 
arren)calibus  mineris  fieri  non  poteu;  $to  Fufione  cum  W- 
tro  vel  horace  admixto^  qva  ab  bis  vitrum  caruleum  obti- 
netur ,  ab  arrenicalibus  Vero  mineris  nigrum. 

3f.  COBALTUM  ferro  fulpburato  mineralifhtum  ^  colon  al^ 
bo  f  parumnitens*    Minera  Cobalti  sulphurea^ 

Spec.  1P4. 
Cobattam  fttro  fulpburato  mineralifatum.  v.  Linn£  iip* 
3.  Cronstedt  .150. 

Sveth,   SwAFVELARTia  CoBDLT  <- Malm»    Swaflad  . 

CoBOLD  -  Malm 
OalL  Mine  bE  CoBALt  sULFHUREusfi 
Germ.  Schwefelichtes  Kobolt-Er2 

Colore  eft  hasc  minera  albefcente^  panim  nttens^  eon«^ 
(be  cobalto  &  ferro  fulpburato ,  absqve  arfenico  ;  in  aqva 
forti  primum  laStefcit^  deinde  vero  folutionem  dat  rubro 
flavam  &  cum  muVia  falis  cammunis  atramentum  fympathc- 
thicum;  ad  chalybem  aliqvatenus  fcintillat;  &  in  igne 
fpargit  fub  calcinatione  odorem  fulphureum  ^  atqve  ni* 
grefcit. 

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^Co>H5  179 

Ca)   MllTEftA    G)BALT1  SULPHHREA    SOLIDA. 

(h)  MiHBTiA  Cobalt f  sulphurea  granularis^ 

Utrsqve  ha  varietaees  fant  repertas    in  fodina    Baftnds 

\&L  Myrttakts -Grufvan  ad   Riddarhyttan  in   /fiyimari' 

tiia ,  atqvc  eaTundcra  defcriptioncin  ^    inpriinis    varic- 

tatis  fecundasj    dedic    G.  Brandt   in   ^cl.    Stockb. 

4,  COB ALTUM /erro  arfmicato^    cum^  vel  jihe   fupbure^ 
mineralifatum  y  cryftaUifatum^      Mihbra     Cobalti 

CRVSTALLISATA.  SpCC^    I95. 

Cobaltum  ferro  (^  arfenko  metallico    metallift^rmi   minera* 
lifatum.     V.  Link^  119.   2, 

Sveth.  CaYSTALLisERAD  CoBOLD  -  Malm.    Cobold* 

Dru^ 
6alU  MiNiE  DE  Cobalt  en  cristeaitx.    v.  De  Bo- 

MARB    235. 

Gfnn.  Crtstallisirter  Kobolt«     Kobolt  DrQse» 

Eft  minera  cobalti ,  diftmdis  cryflailis  &  figarls  erf* 
ftallifata. 

(s)  MiKBRA  Cobalti  crtstallisata,   pdyedrica. 
Repcritnr  figura  tejfulari  ^    pyramidali  vd    prifmatica^ 
pluritnis  hedris^    dodecaidricd^   tetradecaedrkOy  cdifde'^ 
caedrica  imo  pluribus,  feniper  (Iriatis^  dura  ad  cha- 
lybem  fcintillat   odore  arfenicaru  "    Tumberg  in  Sa* 
dermannia.     ^nnaberg  in  i^axoniih 
Obf,  Ut  h«  cryftalli  raro  feparatira  iaveniuntur ,  fed  in  mt- 
trice,  faltem  ad  bafin,  abfconditae  jaccnt,  nude  faiit    dtT- 
ficulter  earuodem  figura  tnte^re  dererminari   pnteft  ;   idsi 
&  omne^  has  varietates  fub    una    corrprehendere    volui, 
doxiec  fianr  melius  &    perfeftlu?  examinatae.      DodecMn 
'  cam  a   Tunaberg  i«  Sudermannia  c^r>    poflldeo ;    'oflf>decdidri' 
fitmVb  fodem  loco  plene  defcripfit  v.  Linn^   it^.  i,  rr- 
tradccatdricam  &  Z6   edficam^  ab  eodem  loco  defcribit  Da* 
▼  11.A. 
(b^  MiNERA  Cobalti  crvstallisata  ^  jigwA  den- 
driiica. 

M  %  Vide^ 


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ISP  t«  (  o  )  KJ 

Videtur  qvtfi  vegttando  ntta ,  fimilis-  vel  mm6ribDS 
arbufculis  aut  ftramini  congefto ,  vel  &  reti  cuidam, 
qvo  minera  fuperindufta  fuit,.  a  qvibus,  hsc  pode* 
fior  citoTin  a^r^  fa^cit ,  &  nonnifi  vafe  claufo  con- 
fervari  poteft.  Colore  font  obfcuro  vel  cinereo.  Mar^ 
kircben .  in    jilfatia.    Scbneeberg  in  Saxania,    . 

(c}  Minera  Cobalti  tRtsTALLiSAXA ,  figura  gfc* 
bofa^  Jlriata.    Kungsberg  in  Norwegia. 

2:  COBALTUM  mineralifatum  -,  winera  colore  nigfefcentt. 
vel  glauco^  fcortis  Jimili,  Minera  Cobajlti  sco- 
rijfO^Mis,  spec.  296. 

Minera  Cobdlti  vitrea.     NoNNtJLtORUM. 
Cobaltam  porofum  \^  glaucejcens  fufcum,     V«  Lin.  ii9«4» 
Cobalti  minera  cHlciformis  indurdta.  Cronst.  247.  b. 

SvCth.    ScHLACKEN  "^'COI^OLT 

Gall.   Mike  de  ^Iob'alt  virRBU5E;|    Semblable  k 

DES  SCORIES.       V.    iDfi   BbMARE.    134. 

Germ.  Schla^ken -KoBoLt. 

Eft  nigto ,  nigrefcchte  aut  g^auco  colore^  infrag;racn- 
tavitri  inftar  divifibilis^  porofa,  fcoriformis ,  Ailphure 
&  arfcnico  plerumqvc  tai*ens« 

(a^  Minera  C6balti  sbikii^bRrtisii  dura. 
Eft  colore  nigro,    casralefcente  aut  grifeo ,   fade  & 
ftruftura  vitrea ,   p;ilita  taii   in  fuperfiei6    qvam  in 
fraOura^   firoul   vero  porofa^    fcoriis  nigris  fimilis. 
Kleinzelle.     ^obanftgeargmftadt  in  Gertnania. 
(h)  MikeRa  CobALTi  scoRiFOiEiMis,  /pongiofa. 

Eft  minus  compafU  &  dura^    ad  confiftedtiam    con- 
denfatfc  fere  fuligini  duriori  fimilis^  colore  nigro  vel 
obfcure  fufco,  porofa.     Saalfeld  in  Germania. 
Olf.  Minera  cobalti  fpecularis^  cujui  tneotionem   ante*  feeimoi 
inter  mineras  arrenicl«3pM,  a83«i»&  minera  arfenici  tefts' 
eea  defcripta  Spec>284«  proxime  ad   bano  mhierarum  co- 
balti fpeciem  accedere  videotur.  Easdem  aliqvaodo  cttbal* 

turn 


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tm  habere  Immfxtum  tcftatur  Lemmank  in  Cadmiohg.  p. 
39.  ubi  dfdt,  iib  his  ©inerLs  arfeoicalibus  poft  fublima- 
tionecnarfeaicu  a  teiidiio  cum Jale  alkaiino  &  arena  tuia»  vi- 
trum  ca;ruieuiii  fe  obciouiffe.  JNoa  icaqve  mkum  qvtxi  a 
nouauilU  mcer  mineraa  cobalti  iiot  eoumerats. 

6^  COBA^^TUM  arfimco  mixtum  ,    cofore  rubro  vel  flavo 
effiorefcens.     Flos  Cobalti.  Spe c.  29 7. 

Oc^a  cobalti  rubra. 
Mnera  CobaUi  calciformi^calcearfenici  mixta.  Cronstedt 

Svech    CoBoLDi  BlUthk.     CobOldblomma,       Co- 
bold -Bbslag. 
Gall.  FLEtfRS  DB  Cobalt,     v,  De  Bomare  236/ 
G^rra^  Kobolt-BlUt^b 

Eft  mincra  cobalti  rubra  ^  ftriata  auf  pnlvcrulenta^ 
qvs  hunc  cplorcm  ab  J^ic^va  aut;  cxhalationc  aut  folutione 
fufcepi^. 

(a)  F|-QS  CoB^LTi^  germinans. 
Vidctar  cffe  pchr^  cobalti  rubr^  in  ftriis  fubtiliflimis, 
firagilliinis  ^  rnbentibus  aut  purpvreis  vel  violaceis 
cryft^lifata ,  ycl  aliis  cry(^ilis  lapideis  immixta  vel 
tdh^r^Bs^  Dnd<^  asbefto.  vel  po^us  antlmonia  crudo,  ad 
(kru^urain  hand  difflliilis  ^ft;  fub  calcinatione  di« 
midii^in  pand^ri^  perdit  Mi^pato  arfenico.  Sclmee- 
berg  ^  jinnaberg  in  Saxonia, 

(by  FLOsi  Cobalti  ,  fup^ficidtis. 
Eft  minora  cobalti ,  qvae  fu^  in  fuperficie  colorem  ob* 
tinuit  flavum  aut  rubram.     Scbneeberg.    Riegersdorf;' 
Annaberg. 

(c)  Flos  Cobalti  ,  cum  lapide  arenario  \e6ncretus. 
Mmra  arenacea ,  ex  flwe  Cobalti  cum  arena^    Crok- 
wedt.  278.  C4 
Obf.  Ut  cobaltum  duplici  modo  deprebenditur  fubrum  aifu- 
mere  colorem »  fcilicet,  vel  folutione  in  acido  vkrioli  con- 
ceotraro,  vel  rtf/r/»^/W  mitiori  fi  arfenico  mifceatur;qvo. 
namabbif  modo,  anucroqve  natura  huoc  rubrum  producic 

M  t  colo- 


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colorem,  1?imi  plena  certitudine  die!  v\'x  pojcft.  Crow- 
STEDT  io  iW/Wji/^exittiniatbuuccoloremabexh^lationevel 
Alcinatione  mition  tohlti  cum  arfenieo  raixti  dependere,  tdeo  & 
arrentcum  in  flnribns  cc  balti  nuif  na  adefTe  copia.  Joh.  G. 
Lehmann  in  Cadmioi  p.  44.  &  in  Cbyn^.  rbxf.  Scbr.  ]^. 
937.  dicit  flores  cobalti  arte  produci  potTe,  oaturaVibiis  x* 
qvales,  fi  minera  eobaUi  folvatur  forti  fub  digeftione  ia 
acida  -wtrio/i  coacentrato  ,  eademqve  folutio ,  per  evapo- 
raclonem,  ultenus  coocentret^ur,  donee  obfcure  rubra  nat, 
deinde  in  eandem  in)iciatur  ereta  pulverijata^  qv«  ab  acldo 
vitrtolico  in  felenicicam  mutator  naturam ,  &  una  cum 
materia  eolorante  rubra  prscipitatur  ad  fundum ;  poflmo- 
dutn  indituatur  evaporatio  ad  ficcum,  fie  obtlneturjL)/  co- 
taltt  fuperficialis ,  pulveruleata ,  qvs  fi  aqva  folvitur  & 
CTY?t^\V\(^VJiX  ^  \i2Lh  t\iT  fiot  eobalti  germinanr  ^  \  fpiculis  fe- 
lenitieis  rubris  orta,  H^c  ruam  opinionem  ex  eo  funda- 
mento  confirmare  vult,  qvod  flot  cobalti  germinani  nata- 
rails  in  aeidis  non  fit  folubilis.  Mibi  noa  fuic  bujus  mi- 
ners copia  ut  eandem  ex4miaare  poffem. 

7*  COBALTUM  facie  (^  ccnjijlentia  terrea.   Ochra  Co- 
'  BALTi  ,  Spec.  a98# 

Calx  cobalti.  Nonnullorum. 

Ocbfa  cobalti  pulverea^  fulva^  v.  Linn4  19^.  %. 

Ocbra  cobalti  nigra  (^  rubra.     Ceohst£Dt  247  &248. 

Svcth     COBOLD  -  JORD,       Coi^LD  -  OCHR A  * 

Gall    Ochre  de  Cobalt.     Mine  de  Cobalt  ter- 

REUSE, 

Germ.  Kobolt  -  Erde.  Robolt  -  Ocher 

Eft  terra  metiillica  cobalti ,  plus  minus  pura ,  diver* 
fo  colore  >  non  tarn  folutione  qvam  ;deftru£lione  minertrum, 
a^re  &  aqva  conjundim  vel  alternatim  igentibus  &  cx- 
halationem  promoventibus ,  produQa;  calcinatione  plerum- 
qve  arfcnicalcm  eraittit  odorem ;  fufione  vcro  cum  borace 
vel  fritta  vitriariorum ,  v^trum  prsbet  casruleum ;  in  man* 
tibus )  ubi  minera  cobalti  reperitur  ^  hofpitans. 


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(%)  OcHRA  CoBALTi  nigfa^ 
Eft  fra^ilis  &  pulveruknta , .  digitos  fuligims  Inftar  in- 
qvinans  ,  ferrum  &  cobaltum  continct^  parum  vcroautf 
nihil  'arjenich  Saalfeld.  Scbneeberg  in  Saxonia. 

(h)  OchRA  Cobalti  rubra. 
Eft  fragilis  ,  pulverulenta,  rubro  ,  purpurco  aut  vio- 
lacco  colore ,  faepe  pincris  cobalti  fuperficialiter  ad- 
hserens,  calcinatione  diniidium  ponderis  pcrdit,  arw 
fenico  diffipato  ;  colorem  habet  i  dcftruftionc  qvaiu 
fubeunt  pluriraaB  mineree  cobati,  in  aSrc  vcl  locis 
huraidioribus,  rubrum  fufcipientcs ,  qvQm  non  folum 
acido  folutiim. cobaltum,  inprimis  alkali  volatili  pracF- 
pitatum,  fed  &  arfenico  mixtum,  calore  fufcipit, 

Cc)  OcHRA  CoBAi-Ti  htUa, 

Eft'  06bra  martiali  fimilis ;   mftnuthum  fimul  continens, 
und^  flavedo^  ni  fallor ,  dependct. 

(d)  OcHRA  Cobalti  alba. 
Eft  marga  albae  non;  diffirailis  ,  levis  &  glcbofa ;  fuam 
albedinem  ,  an  i  nibedine  cum  tempore*  mutata ,     an 
aliunde?  non  certum  eft.     ff^emberg. 

(^e)  OcHRA  Cobalti  caruiea. 
Saalfeld  inSaxmia. 

({)  OcHRA  Cobalti  vii^dis. 

Saalfeld.     Wiirtmberg. 
Obf  CohUi  terrain  ^  cum  argilla  mixtam  defcripOmu^    Spec. 

88.  Liu  U 

Ohfervatioms  circa  Cobaltum  &  ejus  mineras.,. 

Obf.  I.  Cobaltum  infuper  hofpltare  folet  ^  . 

imo,  la  mineris  arjenici ;  arjinico  nattvo  nigra  fria'mt    iSpec. 

28 ^  iiO&  Arfentco  tejlaceo  (.Spec.  2S4 J j  fed  rariu*.  &  mini- 

ma  copiain  his  reperitur. 
ftdo,  la  miner  a  niccoli^  mox  defcribenda- 
jtio,  In  mineris  wifmutbif  treqveater  adeflc  tolet. 

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184  >  )  ^  (< 

Obf.  9.  Ad  mineras  eobalti  qv\  ilU<  ^dnutier^.re  volent,  qvts 
dicunt  Vitrum  non  dare  csnileum,  vel  tufioae  Yjvidqvam 
ntetalU ,  ideoqve  ro^<l&tt«  fW/  vocant,  vix  h  contradi- 
ftiooe  liberari  poflunt,  qvum  jui^ ,  tmlla  alia  dici  debet 
vel  poteH  minera  cobalci «  qvam  qvae  reipfa  cobaljLUQi 
continet  &  vicmm  dac  caeruleum, 

Obll  3*  Miaer3B  cobalti  k  monticoljs  In  ufum  trahunttir  ad 
prxparationem  Saffera  Sc  Smalta^  qvod  feqventi  fieri  fo- 
let  modo.  Primuai  miaerarn  cobalti  ab  heterogeneo  la- 
pide  &  perejffina  miaera  mallea  bea»  liberant ,  deiode  ut 
ulteriua  fepareatar  heterogeoea  lapidea  admixta  &  aptior 
uftuiationi  fiat  minera,  eandem  ia  foacbinis  eontuforiii  & 
hvatoriis  contunduot  atq ve  per  cibrum  lavant ,  uc  miaera 
gravior  fimduoi  petat ;  i\t  praeparatd  minera  in  futnis  re- 
vefberaioriii  ut  expellatur  arfemeum,  calcinari  folec,  ova 
fub  uftulatiooe  arfemcum  mcamiois  adfigitur,  &  finica  uftu- 
latione,  ut  diftum  in  Obf i  circa  arfenicz.  Miaera  calcioa* 
ta  poftmodum  per  eribrum  trajicitur.  ut  feparentur  partes 
crafliores  4  colUqvatiooe  dependeotes  qv«  renovatae  coa^ 
tufioni  fubiiciendae.  Hoc  fafto  miaera  calcinata  iu  molen- 
dinit  fubtililTime  coaterttur  &  denuo  percribta  fuStiliflidia 
trajicitur,  ut  (>btlneatur/fr/iM/ii^^//i/,  qvae  prout  debilior, 
medlooris  vel  optima  fucrit,  cum  a,  3  vel  pluribus  mixta 
fiicis  hit  aut /irz/i/f  lota  partibus  mixta,  ab  /tf7.<i  iiumefta- 
ta  in  tonoas  vi  f  )rtior|  inipingicur,  ubi  tempore  io  lapi- 
dcam  duriiiemlndurefcUfir  vocatur  Zaffera.  velZat^F* 
KA  velfa/ftor  i  colore  c^ruieo  faphirino,  qvem  haec  maf- 
fa  vierificata  fufcipit,  ad  encauflica  opera  in  Valis  poroel- 
•  hnis.  Jaaffcra  itirjve  nihil  aliud  efl ,  qvam  minera  cobal- 
ti,  conlufa,  Ita,  calcinata,  cribrata^  cum  pulvere  Jtlici^  out  are- 
na lotcs  mixta,  ia  tonnis  indwrata.  Tonna ,  in  qvibos  mix- 
tura  haec  Mimida  impingitur,  fiirnantur  titulo  aut  Uteris 
diverfis,  pro  diverfitate  materiap*  Litteris  F.  S.  fignantury 
qv»  optimum  yi^or  continent,  ftintetenim  literae  initia- 
les  k  fin  Safjlor ;  Uteris  M^  S,  (ignaatur,  qv«  mediae  bonl- 
tatis  fafflor  continent ;  germanice ,  Mittel  -  Safjlor ;  Ute- 
ris 0.84  ufltatum,  h,e.  ordim-r  Saffior  indicatur. 

Si  minera  cobalti  MHjkuibo  Aiaul  participat «  eadem  fuper 
fruftula  lignea,  traaiverfim  Tuper  binas  trabesrepofita^  ioi- 
perto  aere,  fmponi  &  accumulari  fdet,  delnde  truftuU 
figndd  accendi  ut  eliq  defeat  &  Teparetur  wifmutbum.  qvod 
in  feveam  inter  cioeres  defluit,  ubi  coUigi  &  deindedepu- 
rari  (blet.  iS^«am  poft  banc  eliqvationem,  qvod  male  eft 
appellatum  rtcremcntum  w^/mtUhi,  4  Germanis,  IVifmuth^ 
ffonpeiif  ucpote  pro  fcoria   reli^   vel    terra  vitrifieabil 

hao;- 


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babitaarre!pniTero  ed  miners  cobalti  relifta,  qTaeulterios 
•  eodem  modo  craAanda,  ut  diftum  eft. 

Ohf.  4.  Mioera  cobalt!  contufa.  Iota  &  calclnata ,  vt  diftum 
Ohf.  4.  mixta  cum  Jiltcif  loti  aut  arena  pulverifatae  &  lo- 
tae  partibut  a  aus  s  &  cinerum  clavellatornm  deparatorum 
parte  anatica  ad  pulverem  filicis  vel.ad  lapideum  pulvc- 
rem  &  inineram  coojunftim,  nempe  pro  dtverficate  mine*' 
rae  qvs  Cextuplun ,  oftoplum ,  imo  qvindecuplum  vitri 
aliqvando  tingere  poteft,  in  cilia  majoribus  in  furno  vi- 
trincatorlo  repofita  funditur  j  fub  fufione  codileari  ferreo 
aufertury^/  vitri  mallfi  fufae  rupernatant}  perafta  fu- 
fione cochlear!  ferreo  evaciiatur  tufa  mafla  ex  oUia>  invas 
aqva  repietum  effiioditars  vel,  ab  igne  fumjtur  ilia,  ac 
decantatur  priroum  majja  metallica  fufa,  qvae  /^i/  appel^ 
latur,  deinde  exftioguitur  maifa  vitrea  In  aqva  frigida.  vi-* 
trum  qyod  obdnetur,  in  macbinis  contuforiis  pulveriutur, 
cribratur«  deiode  in  moleniinis  cum  aqva  alkobolifatur  in 
traulflimum  pulVerem,  Farina  vitrei  h«c  poftmodum  latu- 
ra  fubjicitur,  ut  omne  feparetur  falinum  &  peregrinumac 
tenuior  &  levior  pulvis  ^  crafliori  &  gravrorl,  in  qvem  fi- 
nem  haec  lotura  peragitur  in  9  ordioe  difpofitis  vafis  la« 
vatorila ,  eo  modo ,  ut  farina  hsc  vitrea  cum  fua  aqva  4 
molendinis  transportata  effundatur  in  primum  var^  agitetur 
bene,  deinde  in  qviete  parum  relinqvatur,  ut  ftibfidat ma- 
teria gravior  &  craffior,  qva  £ada  I  fubfidentia ,  eifunda* 
tur  aqva  fuperftana  pulverulenta  in  Jicundtm  'ua/aqva  re- 
xpletum,  iterum  agitetur,  &  fa€ka  deinde  in  qviete  fubfi- 
deotia,  efiiindatur  aqva  fuperftans  pulverulenta  in  tertium 
yas  aqva  repletum,  &  fic  porro  in  reliqvis  vafis  conti* 
DUetur,  adeo  ut  in  uhimo  feu  nono  qonnifi  (bbtilidlmus  pul- 
vls  reliftus,  praeclpitari  poflit.  His  faftis,  pulveres  prae- 
cipitati  divlduntur,  exficcaotur  &  appellaotur  Smai^ta 
amylum  earuUtan.  Gallice,  azur  a  poudre  feu  azut  fin,  Smal- 
turn  itaqve  eft  vitrvm  Jeu  temtjjimus  pulvit  vitteut  eatukut 
d  mimra  cobalti  cum  lapid^o  pulvere  If  fak  alkaliuQ  fufum^ 

Fitrnm  fic  prasparatum  &  aUioiioli(^tum  generaliter  ad  colo- 
res  dividltur  in  binas  divcrfas  (^ecies.  Un^  appeljatur 
EfcbcU  qvae  debili  eft  Colore,  &  Intcrdum  de  novo  fun- 
di folet  in  mixtura  miaerae  cobalti  calcinatae  cum  pulve* 
re  lapideo  &  fale  a!kalino«  Mera  (jpecies  vocatur  dbal- 
turn,  feu  color  caruleui ,  germanice ,  blaue  Farbe^  qva?  pro- 
fundiori  caeruleo  eft  colore. 

H«  bins  fpecies,  ad  fuam  bonitatem  utteriuS  diftingvi  folent, 
4  divifaefuis  Uteris  fignari/F.  F.  K  E.  fignificat   Fimffi^ 

Ms  rum 


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166  ^  p^(  o  )xi 

mm  Efchil  F,  F.  E.  Finm  EjcUU  ptiorl  debllluf .  F.  B. 
Finum  Efchel  adhuc  debllius  ;  M.  E,  medium  Ejchel^  feu  me- 
diae bonkatis;  O^E.  ordinarium  Ejcbel  G,  B,,vui£are  Ejcbel. 
.  Similiter  &  dividitur  colsaltumP.  P.P«c.  Eftfumme  fioir* 
fimum  cobaltum.  F.  F.  c.  Finum  Cobabum;  M.  c.  mediurti 
cobaltum.  O.  c*  ordinarium  cobaltum.  G.  c.  vulgare  co« 
baltuiTk  O.  fi.  tirdinaiius  color  csruleus,  h«  e«  germaoica, 
ordittoirc  blaue  Farbe% 

Obf,  5.  Circa  prapi^ratiomm  atramenti  fympatbetlei  utterius  ob» 
fervanduro.  (a  Qvod  k  folutionc  miner*  cohalti,  in  oka 
vitriolt\  cuifi  mvtiafalir  communis  commi^ta,  ioterdum  atra« 
mentum  aliqvatenus  virides  in  calore  exhibena  iiteras  ob« 
tiner!  poflit  ,  rolutio  licet  rub*^n8  exidat  &  |iermaneats 
plurimap  vero  cobalt!  minera,  rn^nm  prsbent  htc  f^IuiSo- 
ne,  atramentum,  qvod  calore  fir  nigrMm  fb)  folutJo  «ine^ 
rae  cobalti  purioris  in  aqva  fgrti  Temper  fit  rubent ;  k  mi- 
nera  vero,  qv»  fimul  wi/iiittr/^iHii  continet,  Atfufea^  fc) 
Liters,  qvae  fcribuntur  cum  folutione  miners  cobdlci^  vel 
miners  wifmuthi,  qvs  fimul  cobaltum  continet,  \naeido 
nitri,  absque  commifcella  falls  communis  ,  fiunt  in  calore 
rubra,  rd)  iJters  qv»  fbribuntur  aim  folutione  miners 
wifmutbi  in  ajva  forti  fine  fale  cemmum,  fiunt  ad  ignem/dtr^; 
admixta  vero  muria  falir  eommunir,  fiunt  ad  ignem  ^fco 
vel  obfcure  flavefcente  colore  (OB  minerls/wtfr^tiii/^opti- 
nis  huic  negotio  (\inC  Tunabergenjes  lo  SudermanuU  &  Aid-' 
darbyttienfes  in  IVefimaimia,  puriores.  Minera  wifmuthi, 
qvae  fimul  cobaltum  contioet,  h  Loos  la  HelfinpM  etiam 
ufurpari  poteft. 

His  elucet «  eos  k  via  defleftere  qvl  contendunt  hoc  ii^tf* 
mentum  Jympatbetieum  k  minera  qvadam  ^uifmutbi  praeparari 
polTe,  uoice  namqve  k  eobaho  dependet,  Ideoqve  &  kmU 
nera  wifmutbt.  qvs  fimul  cobaltum  oon  continet,  nunqvam 
mbentem  exbibec  folutioaem,  fed  cUram,  parum  csni- 
leo  virefcentem. 

Obf^  6.  Cobaltum  efle  peculiare  fimimetallum^  '&^nOQ  k  mixturs 
qvadam  metallkra,  multo  mituis  d  tertjln  qvodam  prio* 
cipio,  dependere  facile  demoniUatur  (a>  A  fufione  ipfius 
miners  calcinats  qva,  dum  infi>i)itur  cum  criplo  ftuorts  ni^ 
/n\  una  cum  aliqva  portione  vitri  puri^  boracis  auC  fel- 
iu  \4tfi  fiec  n  n  pjlvcris  curbonum^  in  furno  iuforio,  vel 
ante  tbilem,  obtinetur  reguius  metallicus  ^  qvi  omnes  QVas 
afdtulimus  iKNOldet  pruprieiatei.  (b^  A  reiuHione  vitri  ca- 

ruleif 


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txCo  )wj 


187 


fuki,  qv^,  eodem  modo,  at  de  fufiooe  dlftum,  perfici 
poteft,  addita  majorl  qvaatitate  roaceriae  ioflammabills^  ^ 
q  va ,  idem  omniQO  re^Ului  meuUicus  obtinecur*  (C)  A  mi- 
Jcella  rtliqvis  cum  metaUts  &  remimetallis,  falva  metallica  ta* 
cie  &  foroQa-    fd)  A  facie^  nitorc^  forma  ^tqye gravitate  fpc- 

Ohf,  7.  De  hoc  femimetallo  &  ejus  mineris  cfr*  Gessner 
Htjloria  Cadmia  fojfilii  metallica  five  Cobalti,  J.  G.  Leh- 
MANN  Cadmiologia.  G*  Brandt  ia  -^3,  Erud,  Upjl  L  C, 
TranxaB.  JngL  Phil.  i/aj.  Mro.  375. 


♦V 


$.  raii      ' 


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^4.  NICCOLUM.     Geo.  49. 

V      SveA.  NiCKEi,, 
e^U.  Nickel., 

Germ.  NiCKEIi*      RuPFEH/^NlCKBL 

X.  Eft  fcmim^Ullum  fragtl<;,  colore  albo^  ad  aliqvam  ru<% 
b^din^m  iiiclmante,.de^fain^   fraQura  mtens« 

Z.  CraxHtatei  fpecifi€(i  ixK  proportion^  acl  aqva^n^j  at  8,500:!; 

I.OQO. 

34  Jn  %ne  cdlcinatoria  mutatur  in  calcem  viridem^  qvm  S, 
pulvin  metallicus  relinqvitur  intaQus ,  vegetal  tgne 
iiuSo  ^  r^mulos  feu  alTur^eijte^  filbra^  corallis,  fimiki^ 

4,  In  ^e  fortiori  funditur  ^  codcm  fere  gradii  calorii  qvo 

aurunjt  vt\  cupruin  fundltur;    dum  ignis  foUe  inten« 
ditury  zhit  in  fumufn  ex,  albo  flavefcentem.    Otlx  niC'*- 
coU  in  fufionein »  per  fc  ^  redigi  non  poteft  ^  igne  ta- 
men  for(iori  colorem  mntat  ^  *  loc(^  viredlnia.  obfcarq 
Mcuin  indueQs«, 

5«  Ab  aciih  vltrieii  facile  folvhnr,  iiy  ft  deeoqvatnr  cum 
oleo  ^trioliy  usqve  dam  plurimim  liqvidi  difltpatuni 
fuerity  &  irefidua  ctaffii  viridi^  folatio  deinde  decoT 
qvatur  cum  addit:^  aqva^  poftmodum  filtretur,  eva« 
poretur  &  cryftalKfetur ,  pb^nentor  cryftalli  virldes^ 
feu  vitriolum  niccoli  viride^  figura  prifmatic^  qvadrila** 
tera  ^  apicibus  ^  lateribu$  truncatis. 

5.  In  a^  forti  vel  J^fVitu  mtri  folntia  fit   viridis ,     qva 

aqva,  para  non  prascipitatur^  tarde  veto  fale  alktiina 
fixQ  dimittit  pulvcrem  album,  parum  viridefcentem, 

7*  A  fpirUu  falis  &  aqva  regfs  fimiliter  folvitur  colore  vi« 
ridi. 

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f)4  (  o  )  i4  1«> 

8*  Cdx  niccoli  9  ab  acidis  pfscipitau  &  edulcorata,  folvi« 
twtfpiriiu  alkalino  volatili)^  colore  csroleo. 

9*    Jld  fulpbur  maxima  gaudet   ittra^ioHe.      Calx  niccoli 
plene   calcinati  tombinatur  cum  fulpburey^     in  tefta    . 
fcorificatoria  facile    in  oonfiftentiaiA  qvafi  regnlinam^ 
fupericic  conV'exa  nltcdtem ,   tolore  flavefcente. 

10.  In  mixturis  metallicis   ^  femiinttalUcis  islqValiter  fere 

fe  habettit  cobaltum^  tcilicet^  cum  iisdem  in  fbfioni-* 
bus  combinaH  poteft,  falVa  tnanente  tnetallica  facie  & 
forma,    exccpus  argento   zinco  &  ^d  partem  plumbo. 

1 1.  Cam  mercurio  toh  ama)jgaiPbliti^t» 

Obf.  I.  Hoc  ftmlmetallam,  qVod  Wc^o/tflif  tit  ^ppf\Umin^  fi« 
qvidem  pUirimuin  reperiatur  in  minera  qvae  Vocata  ell; 
cuprum  nictoti^  gdrmanice,  Kupfimicktif  nis  temporibus  ^ 
demum  e(l  inventum ,  atqve  primum  defcriptum  a  b  d.R. 
JUctalL  MagiJtfOf  M  i3.  Cuowal^EDt  in  A61,  Stockh.  175 1  ft 
/7f4.  Anoibilare  hoc  Inventum  tedtavit  qvidem  J.  G, 
V.  JtJS^i  In  Cb^Scbr.p.4^  &  in  reliqvis  fuls  fcrlptw, 
contendens  'ufccoium  qou  efle  peculiare  remimetallum. 
fed  mix  turn  metallicum  k  cufro^,  /peiSf  nrftmo  &  fetroi 
Jied^.qv^  atculic  argumenta  pro  fua  ftabilieoda  cnojedura, 
ut  nulliuf  fuDt  m&menti,  fie  facile  reielli  poQiint,  lmo» 
fpoote  eorruuijCy  qvom  nullam  indicare  potuerit  mixcuram 
metalliCam,  qvae  proprietatibiis  defcriptls  gaudet. 

Obf.B.'Vnii  minera  KupfttMiAel  tbum  nomen  babeacincer* 
cum  eft;  forian  nicM  beic  idem  indicat  qvod  fpurium  vel 
.tialfum,  unde  nomen  boc  Kupfefmcjtcl  indigitare   videtur^ 
miner dM  <upri  fpuriam. 

^.  NICCOLUM  ferro  (^  cobalto  arfenkatis  &  fulpburatis 
mineralifatum  ^  minera  difformi  ^  flavo  rubente^  Cv- 
PRUM  Niccoli  Spec,  ap^^ 

Pjeudo  cobaltum.    Nohkullorum* 
CobaUum  oris  mode  rubens. 
Minera  arfenicj  rubra. 

Qipmm 

Digitized  by  CjOOQIC 


190  t«  C  o  >  k| 

G^um    mineralifatum  arfmkale   fulvum.      v.  Likn^. 

146;  16. 
Nkcolwn  mineralifatum  ferro  ff  cobalto  arfmicatis  &  ftd- 

pburatis.     Cronstedt  256. 
Sveth,  KupFKR  -  Nickel 
Gall.  RuPFEK  -  Nickel.     Ptrite    oit  mink  d*Ab.se- 

MIC  rouceatre.      v^  De  Bomare  Sp«  234» 
Germ.  Kupfer- Nickel 

Eft  minera  colore  flavp  Tubente  >  aut  fere  hepatico, 
de  costero  pyritarum- fere  infcar  nitefls,  plurimum  arfenici 
&  fulphuris  contiaet ,  nihil  cupri  ^  fed  ferrum  &  cobal- 
tum  una  cum  niccolo  ;  fub  calcinatione  fumat  veh^menter 
&  fortiori  igne  vegetal  duin  inta3a  relinqvitur,  viridem 
adfumit  colorem  deinde  obfcure  fufcura,;  folvitur  colore  vi- 
ridi  in  acidis  mincralibus ;  unde  facile  ab  otnni  alia  mine- 
ta  diftingvi  poteft. 

(a^  Cuprum  Niccolt,  yoK^wm. 

Particulis  conftat  impalpabilibus.     Saxonia* 

(b)  Cuprum  Niccoli  ,  granulare. 

(c)  Cuprum  Niccoli  ,  fqvamofum^ 

Videtur  qvafi    fqvamulis  compofitun,  ^  Loos  in  Hel" 
fingia. 

Ob/l  I.  Minera  haec  niccoll,  fi  fub  fornic^  {n  furno  docima* 
ftico  calcinetur ,  eliqvatur  ab ,  e^tdem  mixtura  metaili* 
cajulpbttrat.i^  illiqVato  remaoente  pulvcre  fufco  martiaU  cum 
alta  materia  metaUica  mixto.  Continuata  calcioatione,  mijH- 
tura  metallica  eliqyata^  vegetat,  ramulos  &  globulos  reprs- 
fentans,  ac  viridem  induic  colorem  vet  pallidiorem  vel 
altiorem,  plerumqve  locum  occupant  fub  nulvere  fufco» 
&  fecile  Ic  eonfpedum  venit,  prudencer  rudicula  vel  fpa- 
tbula  elevate  fuperincumbente  pulvere  in  mafTaoi  concre- 
to.  Hoc  cum  minera  niccoli  h,  fodina  Lms  in  Helfingia^  fx- 
plus  expcrtus  fum.  Virides  ifta  vegeutionei^  CMmfluare  m- 
gro  mixtae  &  tufae  prsbent  niccolu'm^  qyod  camen  adhuc 
mixtum  ciim  aliq va  parte  fulphuris  arjmci  &  martii^  ult^ 
rius  purifican  poteft  kerati  calcinatione,  &  Caepius  repe- 
tita  fconficatioac  &  tufioae  cum'  b^race. 

OiJ. 

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<X  C  <>  )  ><t  *9« 

O^i.  A  u^fdf  colore^  qvem  bacmnera  ,  sqve  ac  ipfum  fe- 
.  mimetalium,  ia  oriVir/  mineralibus  Tub  foiutione  l\ircipi% 
dependet,  fine  diibio,  qvod  plurimi,  fine  ulleriori,  exami- 
ne, habueriDC  tnineram  banc  pro  minefa  cuffi^  .qvum  cu- 
i)rum  piurimis  io  folutioatbus  vtridem  etiam  adiumaoico*- 
oreoi ,  unde  ^  Nenck^l  in  PyritoL  p.  4^f*  (kc,  mioeraai 
baoc  dercripUm,  cufrnm  &  cokaltum  contiuere  cooceadit. 
Ilujus  mnera  Jhlutionti  in  acuUs  ndneralibus ^  non  praecipjtan- 
tur  muria  Jalis  comrnunis  ^  fed  aUiorem  viredlaein  adfumunt. 
Liters  iisdem  exaraca  virides  fiunc  fed  m  frigore  peril* 
ihioc  Priori  circiimftaacia  difcrepat  ntccolum  a  'uijmutbat 
podenori  k  cobaita. 

I.  mtCOLUM  colore  viridi  efflorefcens.     Flos  NiccoLi. 

.  Spec.  300. 

*  Ocbra  niccoli  martialis^  Cronst^dt  ajy* 
Sveth^  Nickel  ^-Blomma.     Nickel -Ochr a 
GalL  Fleurs  t)fi  Nickel.     Ochre  de  Nickel 
Gerrt.  Nickel  ^  BlQthe.     NickeL-Ocher, 

Eft  efflorefccncia  feu  ochra   tiiccoli   viridis;   la  ibiuta 
Vd  4*ftftta»  mincra  orig^^  eodem  Aqvidcm  mo- 

do  ^«|>iip^  •niccbli  folvituf  ab  acido  ftUpburis  vel  viiriolico^ 
qvo^ipibni  ntc^loq^^  unde  gflorefcentia  virides  interdura  in 
flipaicit  MiHera  repcriuntur  ^  interdum  in  <erm  fepara- 
#ii'^iiA|^|fca(^  &  qvidem  in  argiUa  minerali  pallide  virejcen- 
ft (i^f|^^;  Qaff.i.  orrf.i*  gen.  j.  fpec.  28^  lit.  d.  $.ao. 

fv^  :^.>      Obfetiiatmes  de  Mccolo.  • 

"PP^Ti.  '}(fiecolm  ut  omnibui  pfoprfetatibus  mctallicls "g^u- 
SLfftlei:>  nempe,  facie,  nitore  &  gravitate  tnetalUca  ;  commU 
^^fcibilitate  reliqvis  cum  metallis  &  remimetallis  absqva 
dfundem  metallic^  naturae  deftruAione;  calcinatione  re- 
qvis  nif^talUi  Aiuili;  deaiqve  &  Congelafcentia  fuperfi- 
^1e  eon^exa  nitpnte ,  pod  fufionem,  aeqvali  ut  in  reli- 
|vis-jmeralliS|  tinWxita  ItaqVe  eft  dubium  qV'in  nicoAum 
htalUc^  fit  indolis^ 
iif.  t.  Mctallica  niccoli  natura>  ab  nranibus  reliqvis  femi- 
-  metallis  fit  metallis.  itt  fieqveatibus  particularibus  difc  e/j 
at  proprieutibusi^      ' 

>      ^  imo. 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


in  t«  c  o  ;  Kj 

tmo,  In  gravHdU  Jpettfica^  qva  minori  g;audet  qvam  cobal- 

iurn^  major!  vero  qvam  vnfmutbum, 
ado,  Colart  virtdi  qvem  furcipit  tam  in  folutionibus  qvam 

caldnatiouibuSk 
^atio,  Vegetdtiam  tam  ipfios  femtmetalli  qvtm  miners.  Tub 

caiciDationibuSi 
4to,  JttraFlsone  fortiflima  ad  filphar. 
5C0,  l^itrificaticH  difficili  >  qvum  fort!  igne  in  Vitrutn  red* 

igatur  ,  Vitrum  tamen  nuUo  colore  tiagat. 
Uliic  concludimus »  mecolum  petuliare  &**  difiiuSum  ejfe  fern- 

metallum,  pecuUares  &  diftmftai  poffideus  .  piioprietaces. 

Obf.  Nkeolum  licet  dlQioftum  fit  (bmimetallimi  makimam  t^- 
nun  babet  comenientiam  cum  ccbaUo.  Etenim.  (a)  In  ^fbhtioni'- 
bus  fere  xqvaliter  fe  babent»  colore  excepto ,  qvi  tamea 
sqve  viridif  in  atramentojympatbctbico  ut  In  niccolt  folutio* 
ne;  (b)  fimiliter  ti  \q  Joiutionc  turn  alkali  HtoUtilU  in  ova 
cobaltum  folvitur  Colore  rnbro ;  talx  autem  niccoti^  praecipi- 
tata  &  edulcorata  colore  c^rufeo.  (c)  In  mixt'urit  metMlUcii 
fere  seqvaliter  Te  habent^  folo  ^ufijmtabo  excepto.  Interea 
^  tamen^  qvod  haec  bina  dot  diftinAa  femimeulla»  fiids  Ai* 
ptrqve  ab  allatis  pater» 

Vbjl  4.  Niceolnm  &  eobaUmf  (]vnm  reperiantur  otplarinium 
in  una  minera  commixta,  etiam  in  !lla»  qvae  fuprum  nicco* 
li  eft  vocata  ^  qvlbus  femtmetallis ,  in  nonnullit  mlneriSi 
etiam  ivifmutbtim  accedit  ac  commixtum  invenitur ,  alia  ut 
reticeamus  metalla  inrerdum  admixta;  non  mirum  itaqve* 
qvod  metallica  mixtura,  qvs  fub  cobglti  vitrificatiooe 
praecipitatur,  &  appellatur  SpBias^  diverfii  fit  indole. 

imo,  SpeiJJum  aliqvando  nihil  aliud  eft  qvam  mecolum  fulpbu" 
ratum,  iitpote  qvod  ad  fe  (ufcepitjulpbur  &  arfenieum,  qvas 
in  uftulationfbus  minerae  non  rufficienter  fuerunt  expulfa. 
Hocfprsjfum  facile  c'>gnofcitur  partim  fraftura  magis  oenfii/ 
partm  vlridi  tolore  ^  qvem  fufcipit  tam  in  calcinationibus, 
qvam  folutione  in  aqvafarti.  In  ofeo  i/ifrfo/i  dum  folvitur, 
tiimum  emittit  vetiementem  fulpbureum^  firoul  &  aliqvo 
modo  arfenicalem ,  poftmodum  vero  •  intafta  fi  relinqvltur 
folutio ,  praebet  vitriolum  niccoU  viride. 

ado,  Saepe  ^ffkm  idem  eft  qvod  cobahum^  vel  cofaltum 
julpbure  *  tf  atjimco  mtxtm.  Notae  charafterlfticap  hujuf 
fpei(fi  funt^  qvod/raAarii  videatuf  texcuracbalybea;  cum 
i^va  firti  &  oleo  vitrioH  folutionea  pra?beac  r^ihras ,    cdki- 

MUouis 


Digitized  by  VjO-OQ IC 


tw  C    )  »^  *       19% 

mtfonet ,  tolorem  ioduat  obfcore  rubnim ,  &  ^trifieaiionc 
prsbeaC  njttrum  carulenm^  io  qvem  finem  &  ufurpari  folcf^ 

yio  ,  Interdum  fpiijjum  Idem  eft  qvod  ^ijmuthum ,  fub  vitri* 
ficaiionibus  praecipitdtum,  prius  fufficienter  noo  eliqva- 
turn.  Hoc  rpeiflum  a  textura  cognofci<ur  fi^  qvod  folutio- 
nesiQ  Mcidix  miner alibui  aoatiQgH  rubro  five  cxruleo  colore. 

4to,  Aliqvaodo  Jptiffiim  eft  mhctura  metalU^a ;  a  Mccdo^  cohako 
&  ^fo  compofica  ,  qvae  In  acidir  mineralibus  folutioaes 
praeber  fubrAs\  fed  calcinata  colore  fit  partim  viridi,  par- 
tiro  fufco ,  bac  fufca  calce  pltriimqve  fupra  viridem  in- 
cufnbente,  dum  inta^m  fubcalcinatione  r«Jinqvitur  fpelf- 
fum.  Cum  horace  &  calce,  dum'hocfpeiffum  calcirfatum  fun- 
dttur,  &  deindc  fufiones  itcrantur  cum  iaractf  absqve  cal- 
ce ,  obtinetur  fie  taiidem  nkc^lum  pumm  &  'utrnm  fartt- 
kuwk 

StOy  Intetdumjpeiffum  eft  rnixiurawetnlHca,  I  nicvdo^  €obaboSL 
wifmutbo;  qvae  eliam  fub  calcinatione  fit  partim  fufca,  par- 
thn  viridis;  in  acidis  mhteralibuf  praebet  K)lutioncs  ftatf^vi* 
ridci  vel  fitfiat ,  &  fub  folTitidne  mutat  coiores. 

Bif  ailatis  patet,  qvain  diverik  indolis  fpeijm  repedatur,  9t 
qvan  vehement^  errent,  qviexiftima^tld  ipfikneffemix- 
turam  ab  ^Jenico  &  marte  compofitam,  vel  non  niii  purum 
'^ifmuthum.  Nullum  vero  eft  dubiuro,  qvin  etiam  ca- 
f  rum  in  tpeiSo  adefie  poffit;  fi  ftmit  in  mnem  cobaki 
prafens. 

Qvod  fpeiflbm  in  a^re    aliqvando  latiltat,   toe  dependet  k 
Jidpbure  ftdnixto ,  *  vel   metaltit  out  JemmeUltif  fulpbwatiu    « 
HujusmodI  etenim  fatifcentia  contingit  cum  omni  metalio 
et  femimetalloyir/j^ittr^lOf^  fua  mioera  liberato,  secmaal* 
ce  RQlfitint. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


5.      ANTIMONIUM.  G«.yo. 

Stibium,    v.  Lijsngi^  26* 

Stibi.    AgriCol. 
Sveih.  SprrsGLAS. 
GalU  Antimoikb 
Germ.  Spiessglas 

1.  Eft   femimetalltim     fragile,     fub  mallco   non  dnCtile, 

colore  albo  fere  argenteo  nitens ,  idqve  qvo  purius 
eo  magis  videtur  intrinfece  texcura  qvaii  fqvamofa, 
cum  nitidis  planis  ^  fimul  vero  ftriatum^  ftnis  latio* 
ribus  a  circumferentia  ad  lineam  pentralem  tendenti- 
bus ,.  ut  rami  in  arboribus  ad  truncum ,  unde  Jiella* 
tus  apparct  regulus. 

2.  Cravitas  fpecifica  ^  pro  ratione  puritatis  difcrepat;     in 

proportione    ad   aqvam,    ut    7,000,   vcl     7,500:: 
1,000;  antimonii  crudi^  hoc  eft,    minera  antlmonii, 
per  fimplicem  fufionem   a  fua  minera  &  heterogeneis  * 
libcrati  gravitas  fpecifica  in   proportione  ad  aqvam 
eft,  4,700  :  :  j,ooo. 

^^  Igne  calcinatom  ^  moderator  prs6et  fine  fenfibili  fu- 
mo ,  calcem  grifeam ,  majori  pondere  q\rain  ipfum 
fuit  femimetallum  ,  qysscalx^  forti  ignc  fufa ,  abit  in 
vitrum  rubro  fufcum  vcl  fuccineo  'colore. 

4.  Igne  fuforio  liqvefcit  &  JTenfim  in  fuwtm  vel  flores  inte- 
grc  fublimtiri  poteft.       Secum  ettam  reliqva   metalU 
•qvibus  eft  unitum,   volatiUfat^  exceptis  auro  &  p/a* 
Una.  * 

5«  In  oleo  vitrioli  concentrato,  fi  purnm  faerit,  folvitur, 
forti  aecedente  coftura  ^  vel  potius  ,  hdc  acidum  vi- 
triolic uni  abftrahendo.   Solutio  eft  fufca»         \ 

6*  Cum  aqva  fofti  eServefcit,  plus  minus  pro  majori 
vel  minore  puritate  ^    parum  vero  auc  nihil  folvitur} 

folum 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


folum    corroditur  in  cakem  albam^  Solutio   eft  vi- 
ridefpens. 

7«  Ah  acido  falis  f^Tce  (oWituT ;  five  calcinatum  five  non^ 
accedence  co3ura  vel  abftraSione.  Hasc  folutio,  dum 
pcrficitur  cum  adraixto  hitrcutio  fublmato^  &  ferti 
igne  deftillatorio  inflituitur,  eft  crafla^*  unde  butyrum 
qfitimonii  vocatur. 

8.  In   aqva  regis  vulgariter    prsparata  non  tam    folvitur 

*qvam  potius  corroditur;  fi  vero  aqva  regis  prsparaU 
fuerit  i  fpiritus  falis  parte  una  &  fpiritus  nitri  parti- 
bus  qvatuor,  turn,  adjuvante  coOura  fit  plena  folu- 
tio  flava. 

9.  Cum  omni  nietallo  &  femimetaUo    mifcibile,   falva  ma- 

nente  metallica  facie  &  forma;  cum  ferro  unitum  id 
ipfum  magneti  refra£tarium  reddit. 

IQ.  Cum  mercuric  difficulter  amalgamatur.  Reqvirit  hasc 
amalgamatio  regulum  qvam  maxime  depuratum,  fcili- 
cet ,  €alce  vel  creta  fu(um ,  infuper  &  calorem ,  nem* 
pe^  ut  regulus  antimonii  fufus  adfundatur  ad  mere  u- 
rium-fub  ebuUiente  aqva  cale£adum.  Fieri  camen 
etiam  poteft  aliis  roodi^,  ut  cbemici  decent. 

Obf.  Plurimas  circa  hoc  femiroetaUum  chemici  &  alchemici 
ioftitucrunt  operationes;  qvc  apud  eosdem-  legi  poflunc. 
Ab  iisdem  qvoqve  diverfa  fufcepit  nomina.  Balneum  re^is 
vocator^  q vum  ab  eodem  aururo  purificatur ;  Input  metal- 
lorum^  fiqvidem  reliqva  metalla  volatilifat  ;  k  Paracbl- 
«o  vucatur  leo  ruber i  ab  aliis,  plumbum  nigrum  qvum  iii- 
gredine  iuficiat  crines ,  unde  &  k  Graecis,  %ymfi(m  eft  ap- 
pellatura; /)/«iw^ttfw  7S/ri<f»/i\e  ab  alcheroiftis  vocatur,  vel 
radix  metaftorum^  ia  hoc  fiqvidem  feminietallo  primam  i^e- 
tallorum  materiam  reperiri  cred'derunt ;  ut  plura  alia  re- 
ticeamus  nomina.  Probe  vefo  fimul  obfervatrdum,  qvod 
Ytgulitki  fiibftantia  veteribus  vix  nota  fuerit,  fed  unice  an- 
ttmmum  crudum^  vel  minera  antimonii^  qv*  4  Pliwio  vo- 
catur lapis  J'puma  Candida  aut  argenti  nitenSit. 


N   2  $.    124* 

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I>«  ««  (  o  )  w| 

#  §.    124* 

I.  ANTIMO]Nn  regulus  nativus.     Regulus  Antimonii 
NATivus.  Spec   30;. 

Stibium  nudum  argenticohrum.     r.  Link^  12) i. 
jifUimonium  nativumfeu  regulus  antim0fmnativus^  CaoN- 

STEDT  233. 
Sveth.  Gediecet  SpitsGlas.  ^ 

'  GalL  Ahtimoinb  viergb.   v.  DeBomarb.  247^ 
Germ.  Gedibgenbs  Spiessglas 

Colore  eft  albo  fere  argenteo  miners  arfenici  albas 
haud  diiTimilis ,  compofitus  planis  majoribus  vel  minonbus 
^nicendbus  inordinatis;  [olvitviT  aqva  re^u^  in  qva  folutio- 
ne  cum  aqva  prsBcipicatur  ^  in  igae  facile  fundicor,  poft- 
modum ,  continuaca  igne    vitrificatur. 

Otf.  Eft  bsc  regulina  antimonii  rubftaqtia  reperta  in  fodtns 
dnrnta  Saltergrnfi^  &  primum  deteAa  k  B-  d.  ConfiL  R. 
Met.  Swab  atqve  in  AB.  Stockb.  174S.  p*  99.  ubeiius  de 
fcripu* 

%.  ANTlMONIUM/a/pfcttre  miner alifatutn,  flrimm^  colo- 

re  grifeo  cwrulefcente.     Minera    Antimonii 

sfRiATA.  Spec.  3'  2. 

Stibium  mineralifatum  fibrofwn  plumbiculortim.     v.  Lin- 

n6.    123.   3. 
jintinwnium  fulpbure  mineralifatum  ,   antimonium  fr%pri$ 
fie  dictum.     CaoNStEDT  234.  a.  b. 

Sveth^  Stralig  Spitsglas -Malh 

Gall.  Mine  d'Antimoinb  STRi^e.      v«  Dfi  BoMaeS 

248. 
Germ.  StrahlichtEs   Spies$glasbr2 

Striis  hsc  minera  eft  compofita  Ten  fibris  craffioribus 
tut  tenuioribus,  friabilibus  .|  nitentibus,  colore  grifeo  cat- 
rulefcente  metallico ;  ad  ignem  candelas  fufibilis  &  carbo* 
nibus  Ignitis  inje£ia  famum  emittens  album,  fulphureum* 

CO 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Ix  C  «>  )  «J  197 

Ca)  MmKRA  Ahtimohh  sxRiAtA,  flrns  parallelism 

^luimom  crudo  fimilis,  paralielis  corapofita  fibris  erc- 
c'is.     Bipontio. 

(b^  MiNERA  Aktimonii  STRIATA  ^  Jifiis  Jporfis  inor- 
}iinatis  vel  decuffantibus. 

Haic  priori  freqventior ,  fibris  qvafi  accrofis    in   minera 
congeftis  &  ft  interdiiito  decuffantibus  compofita,  co- 
lore    grifeo   carulcfcente   nitcns,     Kremnitzin  Hum 
garia.        '  ' 

(c)  MfNERA  Antimonii  STRIATA ,  JlrHs  ftellotis. 
Priori  firailis  ,  fed  ftriis  in  formara  ftellularem  difpofitis 
compofita.     Alfatia.    Uifpqnia. 

Cd)  MiNBRA  Antimonii  stiIiata  ,  ftriis  in  plana  ni- 
tida  concretis 
Prirao  intuitu  minera  plumbi  feu  galewB  fimilis,  unde 
&  galena  antimonii  vocatur,  vidttur  fqvamofa^  planis 
nitidis  conftans.  Hungaria.  SaalfeLd  in  Saxonia. 
Salberg  in  Svecia.  • 

3,  AVTIMONIUM  ftdpbure  frnnerdifatttrf^  lance  inftar  fi^ 

bris  capillaribus feparatis.  Minera  Antimonii  plu- 

MosA.  Spec.  30 3 » 

Flores  aniimonii.     NoNHtrLLoRUM* 

Sveth.    Spitsglas   FudErmalm.     Antimonialisch 

F^ERERZ 

Gall.    La  MfNE  .d^Antimoine    en    plume,     v.  De 

BOMARE.    149^ 

€erro.  Spiessglas-^Federerz.   Antimonialisch  Fe- 

DBR£RZ 

Conftat  haec  minera  ftftis  feu  fibris  albis ,  rubris  aut 
CsrulefceiHibus,  vel  &  diverficoioribus  nitidis,  'firiabili- 
bus,  fubtiliflimis  9  feparatis ,  inftar  lans,-  plurimum  ful- 
pburis  continet,  hinc,  ad  ignem  candels  liqvefcit;  fuper- 
ficialla  ,  unde  fiorum  nomen  accepit. 

N  3  (a) 

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I>«  ««  C  o  )  wj 

»  §.    124* 

I.  ANTIMOjJn  tegulus  nativus.     Regulits  Antimooti 
N ATI V us.  Spec   30;. 

Stibium  nudum  argenticohrum.     ▼.  Link^  12} i. 
jiniimonium  nativumfeu  ugulm  antvmmi  nativus,  CaoN- 

STEDT  233. 
Sveth.  Gediecet  SpitsGlas.  ^ 

-  GalL  Ahtimoinb  viergb.   v.DeBomarb*  247^ 
Germ.  Gedibgenbs  Spiessglas 

Colore  eft  albo  fere  argenteo  miners  arfenici  albas 
haud  diiTimilis ,  compefitus  planis  majoribus  vel  minonbus 
^nitentibus  inordinatis;  £oWit\xT  aqva  regis^  in  qva  folutio- 
ne  cum  cmva  prsBcipicatur  ^  in  igae  facile  fundicor,  poft- 
modum ,  continuaca  igne    vitrificatur. 

ObJ.  Eft  b«c  regulina  antimonii  fubftaqtia  reperta  in  foiitiM 
df^tnta  Salber/renfi ^  &  primum  detefta  ii  B'  d.  ConfiL  R. 
Met.  Swab  atqve  in  AR.  6tockb.  1748.  p.  99,  ubeiius  de 
fcripta* 

%  ANTlMONIUM/a/pfcure  miner alifatutn,  ftriatum^  colo- 
re  grifeo  cmrulefcente.  Minera  Antimonii 
sfRiATA.  Spec.  32. 

Stibium  mineralifatum  fibroftm  plumbiculorum.     v.  Lin- 

n6.    123.   3. 
jfntimonium  fulpbure  mineralifatum  ,   ataimonium  pr%pri$ 
fie  dictum.     CronstBdt  234.  a.  b. 

Sveth^  Stralig  Spitsglas -Malh 

GalL  Mime  d'Antimoinb  STai^e.      v«  Dfi  BoMaeS 

248. 
Germ.  StrahlichtEs   Spibs$glasbr2 

Striis  hsc  minera  eft  compofita  Ten  fibris  craflioribus 
tut  tenuioribas ,  friabilibiis ,  nitentibus ,  colore  grifeo  cat- 
rulefcente  metallico ;  ad  ignem  candeUs  fufibilis  &  carbo* 
oibus  Ignitis  inje£ia  famum  emittens  album,  fulphureum* 

CO 

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IX  C  O  )  KJ  ,97 

Ca)  MmKRA  Ahtimonii  sxRiAtA,  /Irns  paralMis^ 

yhiimonio  erudo  fimilis,  paralielis  corapofita  fibris  ere- 
cis.     Bipontio. 

(bj  MiNERA  Ahtimonii  striata  >  Jiriisjpar/is  inor- 
dinatis  vel  decuffantibus. 

Hajc  priori  freqventior ,  fibris  qvafi  accrofis    in   minera 
congcftis  &  fe  interdiiito  dccuffantibus  compofita ,  co- 
lore    grifeo   carulcfcente  nitcns^    Kremnitzin  Hurim 
gana.        '  ' 

(c)  MfNERA  Antimonii  STRIATA ,  firits  ftellatts. 
Priori  firailis  ,  fed  ftriis  in  formara  ftellularem  difpofitis 
compofita.     Alfatia.    Uifpania. 

id)  MiNBRA  Antimonii  striata  ,  ftriis  in  plana  ni- 
tida  concretis 
Prirao  intuitu  minera  plumbi  feu  galenx  fimilis,  unde 
&  gakna  antimonii  vocatur,  vidttur  fqvamofa^  planis 
nitidis  conftans.  Hungaria.  Saalfeld  in  Saxonia. 
Salberg  in  Svtcia.  • 

3,  AMTIMONIUM  fuJpbwre  minercdifatwv^  lanes  inftar  fi- 
bris capillaribus feparatis.  Minera  Antimonii  plu- 

MOSA.  Spec.    30  3 » 

Flores  onHmonii.    Nonhitllorum* 

Sveth.    Spitsglas   FianERMALM.     Antimonialisch 
FMdererz 

Gall.    La  MfNB  .d^Antimoine    en    plume,     v.  De 

Bomare.  149^ 
€crra.  Spiessglas-Federerz.  Antimonialisch  Fe- 

DBR£RZ 

Conftat  haec  minera  ftftis  feu  fibris  albis ,  rubris  aut 
canrulefcentibus,  vel  &  diverficoloribus  nitidis,  'friabili- 
bus,  fubtiliflimis ,  feparatis  ^  inftar  lanae;  plurimum  ful- 
phuris  continet,  hinc,  ad  ignem  Candelae  liqvefcit;  fuper- 
ficialis  ,  nnde  florum  no  men  accepit. 

N  3  (a) 

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I>«  f«  C  o  )  wj 

#  §.    124* 

I.  ANTIMO]Nn  regulus  nativus.     Regulus  -^timooti 
varivvs.  Spec   30;. 

Sa'Mum  nudum  argtnticolprtm.     r.  Link^  12) i. 
JiiUmomum  nativumfeu  regulus  antimQmi  nativus^  CaoN- 

STEDT  233. 
Sveth.  Gedieget  SpitsGlas.  ^ 

-  Gall.  Ahtimoinb  viergb.  v.  DeBomarb.  247^ 
Germ.  Gedibgenbs  Spiessglas 

Colore  eft  albo  fere  argenteo  mineras  arfenici  albas 
haud  diffiuiilis ,  compefitus  planis  majoribus  vel  minonbus 
^nicendbus  inordinatis;  £olvit\xT  aqva  rei^is^  in  qva  folutio- 
ne  cum  aqva  prsBcipicatur  ^  in  igae  facile  fundicor,  poft- 
modum ,  coutinuata  igne    vitrificatur. 

Otf.  Eft  haec  rcgulina  antimonii  fubftaptia  repcrta  in  fodind 
dreenta  Salter ffrnji ^  &  primum  detefta  ii  B»  d.  ConfiL  /? 
Met,  Swab  atqve  in  AS.  6tockb.  174S.  p*  99.  ubeiius  de 
fcripta. 

%  Al^TlMON LVM  fulpbure  mineralifatum,  ftriatum^  colo- 
re grifeo  cmrulefcente.     Minera    Antimonii 

SfRlATA.  Spec.    32. 

Stibium  mineralifatum  fibrofmn  plumbiadorum.     ▼•  Lin- 

n6.    123.   3. 
jintimonium  fulpbure  mineralifatum  ,   antimonium  fr$pri$ 

fie  dictum.     CaoNStEDT  234.  a.  b. 

Sveth«  Stralig  Spitsglas -Malh 

Gall.  Mime  d'AnTimoinb  STRi^e.      v«  Dfi  BoMaeS 

248. 
Germ.  StrahlichtEs   Spibs$glasbr2 

Striis  hsc  minera  eft  compofita  Ten  fibfis  craffioribus 
tut  tenuioribas,  friabilibus  .|  nitemibus,  colore  grifeo  cat- 
rulefcente  metallico;  ad  ignem  candelas  fufibilis  &  carbo* 
oibus  Ignitis  inje£ia  famum  emittens  album,  fulphureum* 

CO 

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IX  C  O  )  Kj  197 

Ca)  MiKBRA  Ahtimohii  STRiAtA,  /Irils  paraUeliSj 

ylncimonio  crudo  fimilis,  parallelis  compofita  fibris  ere- 
cts.    Bipontio. 

(bj  MiNERA  Aktimohii  STRIATA  ^  JlfHs Jpor/is  inor- 
dinatis  vel  decuffantibus. 

Hfiec  priori  freqventior ,  fibris  qvafi  accrofis    in   minera 
congeftis  &  fe  interdum  decuflantibus  compofita ,  co- 
lore    grifeo    carrulefcente  nitens^     Ktemnitzin  Hun^ 
gana. 

(c)  MfNERA  Antimonii  STRIATA ,  ftrits  ftellotis^ 
Priori  fimilis  ,  fed  ftriis  in  formam  ftellularem  difpofids 
/        compofita.     jilfatia.    Uifpmia* 

Cd)  MiNBRA  Antimonii  stiIiata  ,  ftriis  in  plana  ni- 
tida  concretis 
Primo  intaitxi  minera  plumbi  feu  galenx  fimilis,  unde 
&  galena  antimonii  vocatur,  vidttur  fqvamofa^  planis 
nitidis  conftans.  Hungaria.  Saalfeid  in  Saxonia. 
Salberg  in  Svecia.  • 

3,  A VTIMONIUM  fulpbure  minertdifatum^  lanes  inftar  fi^ 
bris  capillar ibus fepar Otis »  Minera  Antimonii  plu- 
MosA.  Spec.  30 3 » 

Flores  antiniimii.     NonhitlloRUm* 

Sveth.   Spitsglas   FudErmalm.     Antimonialisch 
FUdererz 

Gall.    La  MriTE  .d^Antimoine    en   plume,     v.  De 

Bom  A  RE.  1494 
6erm.  Spies$glas*F£D£rerz.   Antimonialisch  Fe- 

DBR£RZ 

Conftat  haec  minera  ftAis  feu  fibris   albis ,    rubris  aut . 
caBTulefcentibus ,  vel  &  diverficoioribus  nitidis,  'friabili- 
bns,  fubtiliflimis ,  feparatis ,    inftar  lans;    plurimum  fuU 
pburis  continet,  hinc,  ad  ignem  candels  liqvefcit;  Aiper- 
ficialis  ,  nnde  florum  nomen  accepit. 

N  J  (a) 

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198       .  ;^  (  o )  <} 

(a)  MiNEKA  Antimonii  plumosa,  (dba. 

(b)  MiNRaA  Antimonh   plumosa  ,    rubra.     Hunga" 
}ia.     Braunsdorf  in  Bohemia. 

(c)  MiNERA  Antimonix  PLUMOSA,  flavefccns.    Hwi" 
garia. 

(d)  MiKCRA  AktiMonu  plumosa  ,  viridis. 
Eft  colore  fibras  penetrante  viridi.     Hungaria. 

(c)  MiNBRA  Antimonii  PLUMOSA,    corulefrens^ 

4.  ANTIMONIUM  fulpbure  miner alifatum ,   minora  diffor* 
mi^  folida^  livid(^  fufca*     Minbra  Antimonii   so- 
lid a.  Spec*  304. 
AfUimmium    fulpbure    minercUifatum    textura    cbatybea. 
Cronstbdt«  234.  c. 

SvCth.    STRAHLT'aT     SPITSGLASMALM 

GalL  Mine  d'Antimoinb  solids,     v.  DeBomarb. 

250. 
Gerin.  Stah  d.chtbs  SpibsscTlaserz 

Eft  minera  folida  ferro  polito  vcl  plumbo  non  difli- 
mills  ,  fed  maxime  fragilis  &  fradura  aut  plants  nitidis 
vel  ftriis  nicens,  ad  ignem  candels  liqvefcit  &  fumat 
Freqvcntior  in  Hungaria.     Saxmia. 

5.  ANTIMONIUM /M//>6ttre  mineralifatam  ^  cryflallifatum. 
Minbra    Antimonii    crtstallisata.     Sp.  305. 
Stibium  cryftallifatum.    v.  Linn6  113*  a. 
Jntimanium  fulpbure  mintralifatum  eryftallifatum^  Cron^ 

STBDT.    124.    d. 

Svcth,  Crtstallformio  Spitsglasmalm 

Call.  Mine  d'Antimoine  crtstallis^c.    v*  Db  Bo* 

mare  151. 
Germ.  CrystallpSrmiges  Sptessglasekz 

Conftat  cryftallis  plus  minus  rcgularibus,  colore  gri- 
feo  caerulcfcente ,  nitentibus  ^  ad  intrinfecam  ftruQuram 
fibrofis  y  ad  ignem  candelas  iiqvefcentibus. 

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(a)  MlHB&iW     AKTIMQNU    CRTSTALLlSATA^  figUra    in- 

certa. 
Q})  MiNBRA  Aktimonii  crystallisata  ,  turrita  feu 
pyramidalis. 

Figura  eft  prifmatica  vel  pyramldali ,  acuminata. 
(cj  MiN£RA  Antimonu  crtstallisata  ,  tubetofa^ 
nedofa. 
Eft  drufica  ^  qyz&  glandulis  vel  nodis  conftans. 

^.  ANTIMONIUM  fulpbure  &  arfenico  mineralifatum^  ru^ 
brum.  MmERA.AMTiMOKii  colorata.     Spec.  306. 

Stibium  miner alifatum  fibrofum  rubrum.  v.  LiNii^  ii4*4* 

jintinmdum  auripigmcnta  mimralifatum.  Crokstedt 
a3f* 

Svcth.  Rod  Spitssglasmal^^ 

Gall,  Mine  o'Antimoine  coLoR^e.   v.  DeBomarb. 

Germ.  Rothes   Spibssglaserz 

Eft  mincra  laminis  aut  ftriis  conftans ,  ab  adraixto  ar- 
*  fimco^  rubra,  de  caetero  antimarnb  &  fulpbure  compofita. 

Ca)  MiNERA  Antimonii  colorata  ,  rubra. 

(b)  MmERA  Antimonii  colorata,  violacea^ 

(c)  MiNERA  Antimonii  colorata,  pallida^ 
ReperiuQtur  has  varietates  in  Hungaria  &  Saxonia. 

.  Ohfervatmes  de  yintimom. 

Ohf  I.  Antimonium  reperitur  prapterea  in  allls  mlnerlj,  ea?- 
demqve  ad  partem  couftituens  atqve  utplurlmuon  JltiaUt 
reddens ,  ufpote 

imov  Tn  Minetd  arf^enti  plumofa. 

ado,  Miner  a  argenti  grijea. 

3tio,  Minera  plumbic  feu,  galena  flriata, 

Qvx  minerae  fuis  locis  defcribeodae. 

Obf.  a.  A  mineris  antimomi  obtinetur  Antimonium  cru- 
DUM  9  fimpllci  fuiione,  dum  in  Vdfis  conicis  ita  difpol- 
tis,  ut  fuperius  fiat  iaverfumm  infanus  imporitum,&  haee 

N  4  /  inter 

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Inter  vaUfnterpofita  fiat /^wwi?  fbraminulis  ininorlbus  perht- 
fa,  fiipra  c|Vain  mmer^,  prius  parum  cootiiu  &  a  pere^rino 
lapide,  qvraatuni  malleo  heri  putefl «  Uberau  reponitur, 
qvibus  taifkis ,  fuperlos  vas  imponitur,  vafa  adglutioan- 
tur  &  ita  in  furno  apco  collocantur ,  ut  inferiut  vas  cU 
neribus  vel  arena  3ae  inrolutum  &  teAum ,  ut  i  vi  Ignitt 
circa  foperius  vas  accenfo,  liberetur.  Sic,  hac  fub  fufio- 
oe  ,•  per  foramiaula  (lillat  antimonium  etudum  in  vas  infe- 
rius«  atqve  ji  naturaliter  adhaereote  &  admixta  terrea  aut 
laptdea  fubftantia  eo  melius  liberatur,  qvo.  facilius  hoc 
antimooium  crudum  niitiori  igne  liqvefcir.  Docimafta  & 
metMlurgi  bunc  proceffuni  aliosqve  bu)us  generis  prolixiuS 
defcribiint. 

Hoc  antimottium  cmiwn ,  non  puniin  eft  retnimetatlum^  fed 
fubftatitia  Jimimetallica  fulphwrata^  feu  tegulut  autimonii  fuU 
pbnratuf^  conftans  fulphuris  magna  copia  &  ipfo  femime- 
callo :  commuditer  tamen  &  vulgariter  antimonium  appella- 
ri  folet ,  qvo  fub  nomine  in  commerclum  veoit  in  fh^u 
wiacopaix  &  apud  mnUrialiJiAs^ 

Ab  hoc  antimonia  crudo ,  cum  t(KrtAf9  &  mtro «  vel  cum/tf«rff 
ttigro  f  vel  8l  ftk  alkalinoy  avibus  fnlpbur  admixtum  de« 
ftruitur ,  admixtis,  fufioiie  nene  inftituta ,  vel  repetita  fi 
opijtfuerit.  obtinetur  REOvLue  Aktimqnii;  feu  ipf<l 
fubftantia  femimetatlica.  Praecipitari  qvoqvepotcft  hicre- 
gulwf  anttmoniilis^  fub  fufione  forti,  ab  omnibus  lis  metallic,' 
qvorum  attradl'O  ad  fulphur  tortior  eft  qvara  huius  fcml- 
mctaUi  /  cnm  limatura  martis^  producitur  regulus  anttmomi 
wttrtuiiif  di£tu3  ;  cum  limitura  rupri^  regukii  antimonii  venereus  ; 
cum  /ianaa  tegulut  antimonii  \nviaUi  &c.  His  vero  in  ftifio* 
nibus,  qvin  qvidpiam  a  metallis  addttis  cum  ipfa  regull- 
n»  parte  mifceatur,  negarl  non  poteft.  Ufieatiflimum  eft 
ferrun^  qvod  &  maxima  gaudet  ad  fulphur  attraftione. 

0*/I  3.  Circa  rclationem  antimonii  crwts  ad  meialla,  id  obfcr-* 
vaiidam,  qvod  omnia  metaJla  Jolvat^  &  cum  iisdem  in  fufio- 
^  nibus  combinetur,  ita  tamen «  ut  pars  ejusdem  fulpburea 
coadunetur  cum  omnibus  metallis,  auro  excepto  &  zinco^ 
unice  vero  pars  regulina  combinari  po(Qt  cum  auro.  Huic 
iundamento  innititur  auri  depuratio  per  antimonium^  qv» 
idi30()ve  non  depeodet  k  fortiori  attraftiooe  auri  ad  re- 
gulum  anttmonih,  fed  uaice  k  fulphuris  combinatione  re- 
liqvis  cum  metallis  &  eoruadem  fcorificatioae  ,  atqve  ab 
ejus4em  fulphuris  mabri  cum  metallis «  qvam  cum  regulo 
antimonii «  alfiniute. 

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JX  C  0  )  Kj  201 

Ohf  4.  Qrca  relationem  re^U  gntimom  ad  metalta  &  femime-" 
talla  ulterips  obfervandum ,  Ca")  eundem  omaibus  cum 
inetaHls  &  femimetallis,  magna  licet  cum  difficultate  cum 
arfmeo  &  mercurie  combinari ;  (b>  omnia  &  femimetalla  & 
inetalla,  fortiori  Igoc,  nb  eo  plus  minus  volatilifari  auro  &  fla- 
titid  exceptis,  parciflime  licet  Mrgentum  vx)latllirari  pof- 
fic.  (c)  Omoium  mfnallorum  mnlleabiiitatem ,  plus  minus, 
pro  ratione  qvantitatis  ab  eo  auferri,  minus  licet  piumbi. 

Obf.  5.  De  hoc  regulo  antimonii  varias  easdemqve  miras  ba* 

bueruot  cbemici  cogitation^s. 
Ca3   N(mnuli  eundem  pro    cgagukto  mercurio  habuerunt,  & 

omni  opera  mercurium  ab  eodem  elicere  funt   cooati,  qvod 

fiOYLE,   KuNCKEL.LaNGELOTT    Zw5lfF£R,   BECHBRt 

varia  metliodo,  diverfas  per  operatioaes^  fe  obtinuifTe  di- 
cunt.  Hue  &  inclinare  videcur  Henckel  de  Appropr.  p. 
109.  confiderans  antimonium  uc  medium  qvid  inter  mer- 
curium &  metaltum ;  dicens,  id  iprum  nee  mercurium  am^ 
plius  nee  metallum  elfe  perfedumi  defuife  prius  ac  ince- 
pifle  pofterius^ 

[b]  Abi  regulum  antimonii  confiderarunt  ut  primum  enr  me* 
tallorum^  unde  libavius  de  Ignif  natura  p.  61.  &  72.  di- 
cit  aurum^  lunaMfJlattaum,  plumbum  Ce  ex  antimonio  produ- 
cere  pofle.  Ad  banc  ppinionemiuclinare  videtur  Teich- 
MBYER,  ut  patet  9b  e'jiisdem  Programmatibui  ^  in  qvibus 
PbilaUtbam  explicare  ftudet. 

[c]  Alii  &  qvidem  olures  recentiores  cbemici*  regulhm  an- 
timonii ad  eompqfita  metalla  referurtt,  exiftimantes  eundem 
effe  ar/^caUm,  feu  arjinicali  fubftantia  compofitum.  cfr« 
JiTNCKBR  Confp.  Cb.  T.  Ij  p.  1035.  C  Neumann  in  Cb. 
M.  D  ed.  Zimrnerm.  p.  laia.  Eller  in  Mem.  /?.  deTAcad. 
de  Berlin.  Vogel  in  Elem.  Cbemia  p.  ^ao.  §.684.  His  ac- 
ceditj.  H.  G.  von  Just  I  in  Gefamml.  Asm.  Schrift.  qvi 
contendit  fubftantiam  arfenicalm  prscipuum  efle  conflitq- 
tivum  reguli  antimonii,  eundemqve  ab  tiac  arfenicali  fub- 
ftantia, combinata  cum  materia  iaflammAbiii  &  acido  qvo- 
dam  mineraUt  eile  compofitam. 

[d]  Nos  opinamur;  ut  regular  aniimonii  propriis  piudet 
min^is  &  proprietates  habetfibi  peculiares  &  fpecificatas, 
nee  non  flngularcsrclationcs  ad  reliqva  metalla  &  femime- 
talla, Eundem  ideoqve'ut  p^f«//artf  ^wfw*^ ///«»»  efle  confi- 

'  derandum,  qvod  compofitum  videcur  ab  inJlammM  i  prin* 
tipio^  &  terra  foadam  metallica  fpecifcatn.  Uberius  haec. 
Theor'a  in  Cbemia  pbyjica  enodatur.  Sutficit  heic  dixiffe, 
infiamwahile  principium  In  regulo  antimonii  patefccre  h  ful^ 

« 

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plmfe99  qvod  cum  oko  vitripli  produd  poteft  i  &  ab  hepd^ 
tico^  qvod  cum  falibus  dhiUnis  fixii  nee  noo  a  Icoriis  ful^ 
pbureis  &  caujlicii  ;  atqv«  alkalefcentia  nitri  cum  reguio  au^ 
timonii  fufo.  7drra  metallic^  fpecifica  \  ia  apricum  ponituc 
tarn  calcinatione^  qvam  vurtjicationca  q^^  vero  iudoie  lisc 
eft  terra,  dicere  non  polTumus* 

ArfenicAk  qvidpiam  iu  aatimoaio  adefle ,  exiftimamu3  nuii« 
qvam  demonftrari  poflTe;  ex  adverfo,  oihil  arfenict  in  aas 
timonio  reperirS  exiade  eviftum  fieri ,  (a)  qvod  nullus 
cheraicus  hue  usqve  i  rcgulo  ar*ti»tionii  qvidpiam  arfe« 
jiicale  fep.'irare  vel  educere  potuerit,  five  fuhlimandoy  fiva 
folvendoy  five  alia  qvacunqve  ration^ »  imo,  ne  qvidem 
cmponfndo ;  (b)  qvod  cum  reguio  antimonii  cuprum  deal- 
bari  ooo  poilic.  ^e)  la  uoione  cum  metaUi*  &  fihbus  aor 
tlmoDii  regulus  longe  alia  exbibec  phaeaomeua  qvam  ar« 
fenicum. 

Salinum^  qvod  in  aotimoDio  fe  reperiifle  noonuUi  coneen- 
dunt  utpote  Bohnius;  J.  M.  Hoffmann  &  inprimis 
vohJvstc,  futsauftoribus  reliaqvimut,  probe  reieotes, 
qvod  fulpbur  in  muimmo  crudo  pro  aeido  vel  falitto  confti-« 
tutivo  babuerint. 

Olf^  6,Afitimmtm  crudum  infignem  habet  ufkm  medicum,  tarn 
hominibus  qvam  beftija;  hiuc  tot  diverfa  ab  eodem  pr»* 
paraca  in  pharmaeopoliis  occurrunr.  Infuper  vero  eft  liu- 
lus  femimecalli  ufus  tam  metallurgicuf  pro  depuratiooe  aui- 
tU  qvam  mtaUicuSf  ad  varias  mixcuras  meullicaa. 


CJ^^.^ 


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{X  (  o  )  Kl  aog 

6.  WISMUTHUM.     Gen.su 

•     Bifmutbum.    Nonnulloruw. 

Marcafita.  Alberti  M.  &  OSkimrum* 
Plumbum  cinereum^  Agricola, 
Stannum  cinereum; 

SvCth     WlSMUTH.    ASKBLY 

GalL   Bismuth    ou  £tain     de    GtACB*       Qom/i- 

Germ.  Wismuth 

I.  Eft  feraimctallura  colore  ex  albo  flavcfccnte,  flruStura 
intrinfeca  qvafi  fiflile  vel  foliaceum,  fub  malleo  fra- 
gile, cum  aliqva  tamen  mollitie, 

2*  Gravitate  fpecifica  proxiinc  ad  argentum  'accedit ,  in  pro- 
portione  ad  aqvam,  ut  9,70a'*  1,000. 

3.  In  igne  ut  plumbum  fe  habet.  Mitiori  fqnditur  ante 
ignitionem  ,  fumo  craflTo  ,  fed  inflammabili ,  flamma 
csruleai  flagrante;  fie  plurima  pars  wifmuthi  in  fu- 
mum  propelli  poteft ,  aliqva  parte  folum  remanente 
in  litbargyrium  mutata,  qvod  lithargyrio  plumbi  aeqva- 
le  &  in  minium  verti  poteft.  Si  fufum  continue  agi- 
tetur,  abit  tandem  in  calcem  flavam ,  qvas  forti  igne 
iu  vitrum  flavo  fufcum  liqvatur,  qvod,  ut  vitrura 
plumbi ,  cupellam  intrat.  HincJkifmuthum  ad  cu- 
pellationes  &  ejus  vitrum  eoderft  modo  ufurpari  po- 
teft, ut  vitrum  plumbi,  ad  vitrificandametalla  igno^ 
biliora,  eademqve  fecum  in  cupells  poros  infinuanda* 

4*  In  oleo  vUrioli  parum  folvitur  flavo  rubcnte  colore ,  qvi 
cum  tempore  fit  obfcurus.  *  Cum  alkali  fixo  ab  hac 
folutione  nihil  prascipitari  poteft ,  unde  apparet  qvafi 
nihil  a;a?^ifmutho  effet  folutum ;  intcrea  tamen  litene^ 
qvsB  hac  folutione  fcribuntur ,  fiunt  ad  i^ncm  niger- 
rima ,  qvod  vix  fine  aliqva  folutione  vidctur  pof- 
fibile, 

5.  A 
« 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


ao4  ^  C  o  )  w^ 

5*  A  ^fpiritu  nitri  vcl  aqva  jmni  folvitiif ,  cum  fwmo  & 
effervefcentia ,  qvs  foludo  facile  cr]|:ftanifabilis  ^  in 
Qt^ta\\o%  pyramidaks  ^  qvatrilateras  ^  fere  eadcra  cum 
borace  figura.  Color  hujus,  folutionis  eft  albefcens: 
tandem  vero  ad  claritatem  accedeos  ceeralefcentem^ 
fere  inftar  aqvee.  H«c  folutio  fi  prascipitetur  aqva 
\cldiluta  muriafalis  eommunis^  obtinetur  praecipita- 
tnro  albttofi,  qvod  vocatur  magijlerium  wifmtabi  ^  gal- 
lice  Blanc  d^Efpzgne  vel  Blanc  de  fard.  Lttera^  qvae 
hac  (blutione  rertbuntiK ,  httrae£hit»  folutione  bepatii 
fulphuris ,  fiunt   nigra ,   unde    &   wifrauthum  in  hoc 

.  '  pun£^o  cum  plurobo  convenire  videtur^  ttt  de  aceto^ 
litbargyrii  fuo  loco  indicandum. 

6.  Ab  aeidafalis  difficulter  folvitar,  nifi  calcinattim  fuerit^ 

7.  Ab  aqva  regis  folvitur  colore  primoai  viridefcente  ,  d«» 

inde  claro  aqvco^ 

l^  Ah  aceti>  deftillato  aiqre  felieitef  fUvitar  itt  plunibiun^ 
adjttvante  digeftione  &  co£lura;  ioluda  aatem  noa  eft 
dolcis^  fed  sruginofa  &  feptica*  • 

9.  Cum    cfmni  metallo  &  femimetaltx^   mifcibilc ,  exceptis 

arfenm  ^  cobalto  ^zmoy   omnia  metalla  qvae  folvit 

fragilia  reddit,    &    fecum  in   igne  aut  volatitifat  aut 

feorificat  in  cupella  vel  cracibulo  ^    cxceptis  pkuina^ 

auro  61  argej^^ 

19.  Cum  meroMf  facile  amaljamatur,  five  tritura  adjiip 
vante  calore  y  five  fufione  igne  moderato  inftitufa, 
Dilponit  qvoqve  ftannum  &  plumbum  ad  mercurifica^ 
tionem ,  fi  alterutr urn  ab  his  metallis.  cum  anatica  par- 
te \rifmuthi  colKqvetur,  &  hac  mixtura  metalfica 
adfundator  ad  qvadruplum  mercurii  maxime  calefaQi^ 
in  mortario  ferreo ,  oleo  olivarum  teSti  ^  nc  difperga* 
tur,  mafla  dcinde  probe  agitetur ,  usqvcdura  plena- 
rium  haec  corpora  fubierint  ncxumj  decantato  turn 
oleo,  hzhctuT  amdgama J  k  qvo,  per  corium  feparari 
poteft  raercurius,  cum  incrememo  ponderis  fere  ad  7 

par- 
Digitized  by  VjOOQ  IC 


|W  (  O  )  Kj  5105 

|)artem      Hinc   elucet  non  omnia   percgrina  corpora, 
preffione  per  coriura  ,  a  mercurio  feparari  poffe^ 

i  Ohf,  *Wifmuthum^  qvaaUiiu  nobis  conftat,  non  ante  4  vel  500 
annos  notum  hiit.  Ab  Alberto  Magno  delcribitur  fub 
Doniine  marchafita^  qvod  nomen  adhuc  in  nonnullis  />W- 
macopoliii  retinet ;  k  nonnullis  vero  appellatur  marcbajitd 
argtntea.  BaSilius  Vai,£ntinus  vocat  wijmutbum  vel 
bifmuthum.  Agkicola  de  re  meUU,  Sippeiht  plumbum  ct- 
nereum  vel  gnfeum^  qvo  nomine  etiam  ab  alii?  a^jpeUatur; 
alii  zincum  album  vocant;  alii  magnetem  metallorum\  alii 
Jimnum  nutbnm;  monticolae  appellant  tt^um  argentic  Unde 
Use  ao'iuui  obtinuic ,  an  &  redius  fcribtur  bismutkum 
qvam  ^^ifmutbum  ^  in  medio  relinqvimus ;'  opinamur  vero 
^e  aoruea  g^rmanicum^  k  weijs  &  muth. 

U  WISMUTHUM  nativum^  *     ^pec  307, 

Wifmutbum  nudum^     v.  Linn^.  12$.  t. 
ffymiabUn  mtivum.  Cronstedt.    222% 

Sveth^    6£D1£G£N   WlSMUT 

Gall.  Bismuth  vierce  ov  katif.  v.  De  Bomarb* 
Spec  13S* 
^  Genn«  Gediegeker  Wismuthw 

Eft  colore  albo  flaverccnte ,  lameilis  ftu  fqvamulis 
mtctis  ^  cum  aqva  forti  effervcfctns,  folutioilcm  cxhibet 
primum  ladeam  deinde  claram  aqveam ;  facile  ad  igtiem  li* 
qyabile  ^  &  fi  perfefte  purura  fuerit ,    ad  ignjm  candel«  • 

(a)  Wjsmuthum  nativuM^  fuperficiale^ 
Tenuioribus  in  lamellis   maktlci  adhttirens  aflb   folet. 
Seala  in  Nericia. 
Cb)  WisMUTHUM  NAtivuM^  folidum. 
Jn  raatrice  ^  majoribiis  vel  minoribus  particttlis   infpet'^ 
Yam  rcpcritur. 
CO  WisMVTHUM  KAtivtfM^  tejfulare^ 

Mino* 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


10(5  l>  C  o  )  K} 

Minoribas  plerctinqve  planis  nitet,  teflTohrt  fere  figu- 
ra.  Nyberget  fcbedewiin  DaUcaxlia.  Scbneeberg  in  Get- 
mania.  ^ 

Obf.  Kbntmaxin  &  Bruckmann  in  £0.  bin.  XLII.  ad 
finem.  Nro.  9,  II  &  17.  commemorant  wifmuthum  reperi- 
ri  qvafi  calore  fubcerraoeo  ^  minera  eliqvacum,  ad  Joa- 
cb'msthal  in  Bohemia.  Hoc  wifniucbuin  eft,  qvod  00s  «p- 
peiUmus  ijijmtitbum  nativum  folidum. 

a.  WlSMUTHUM  fulpbure  minerdifatum ^  minera  dbaca- 
rulejcente,  laminofa.  Galena  Wismuthi   Spec  ^0%. 

fVifmuthum  mineralifatum  nitens^  Jublaminofum.  v.  Linh6 
128*  4* 

lyifmuthum  fulpbure  mineralifatum^  lameUis  mcqaribus. 
Cronstedt.  294*  I.  a.      * 

Sveth.  WisivWt.hglanz,     GlSntsig  WismuthmAlm 
GalU  Galene  db  Bismuth 

Germ,  Wismuthglanz.  Glanzenobs  *  Wismuth- 
Erz 

Eft  hasc  minera  alba  caerulefcens ,  baud  diffimilis  gale- 
nas plumbi  teflulis  majoribus  nitenti,  conftat  lamellis  te- 
niTioribus  ,  oblongis  9  qvadraticis,  fragilis^  caltro  rafills^ 
cum  aqva  forti  non  eflFervefcens,  nifi  ubi  calcareum  admix- 
tum  faerit ;  folutionem  vero  prasbet  claram  ,  incerdum  ali- , 
qvandsper  viridefcentem  9  &  atramentum  fympatbeticum^ 
qyx  flavas  exhibet  literas;  conftat  hsc  minera  wifmutb$ 
6c  fulpbure^  absqve  omui  arfenico. 

'  (a)  Galena  Wismuthi,  tejfularisj 

Majoribns  qvafi  lamellis  compofita,  feu  plants  niten- 
tibus.  Baftnas^  Riddarbyttan  in  JFeftmannia.  ScbniC' 
berg  in  Saionia.  ^  , 

(b^  Galei^a  Wismuthi  V  yZrtoA 

Hkc 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


{X  C  o  ^c|  207 


¥» 


HiBc  qvafi  ftriis  compofita  videtur ,  craflioribus  vel  te- 
nuionbus,  unde  i  nonnullis  vocsLtrxr  minera  mfmutbi 
pLumufa  \  inccrdum  vcro  non  ell  niC  prior  varietas 
trans verfirafraaa,  in  qva  lainells  ut  ftriae  apparent. 
Scbneeberg ,  &  Jobanngtorgtnftadt  in  Saxonia. 

ObJ.  !•  Wifmutbum  £ici(e  cum  fnlpbure  coroblaatur «  &  in  . 
nac  combinatioae  fufcipic  ftrufturam  antimonio  crudo  fere 
aqvalcm,  ftriatam, 

Obf.  2.  Ut  folo  adfpeftu  aliqvatcnus  diftingrl  poffit  h«c 
gaUm  wijmutbi  a  Minera  cobalti  tejjulari  Spec.  a9a.  uuo 
verbo  iodlcare  debemus,  qvod  prior  colore  gaudeat '  albo  ad 

Ssruleitatem  inclinante  &  particiilis  conCtet  teflulacit  vel 
riatis  parallelipl pedis  politiffimis;  pojtertor  vero,  fcili- 
cet  minera  cobalci^  gaudeat  colore  albo  ad  aliqvam  rubedi- 
nem  Inclioaote,  textura  fit  folida,  fragmencis  fcabris. 

• 

3.  WISMUTHUM  lulphure  &  ar/enico  wineralifatum,  fqva^ 

mulis  out  pmiculis  mkans.      Mihera    Wismuthi 

ciNEREA.  Spec.   309. 

ffifmabum  mineralifatumalboflavefcens^  micans.    v.  Lin- 

N*  118.  a. 
fPifmmbum  fulpbure  ndneralifaium  ^  rqmmulis  minoribus. 
Cronstedt   224.  b. 

Sveth.   LiUSGRA  WlSHUTUMALM 

GalL  Mine  db     Bismuth   d*vn    gris    cbkdr^^  v. 

Db  BomAre.    Spec.  2  39« 
Germ.  Lichtoraues  Wumutherz  # 

Colore  eft  albo  flavefccnte  aut  cinerco ,  nitens,  fqva- 
mulis  feu  particulis  minoribus,  cum  infperfis  fqvamulis 
flavefcentibusy  micans ,  dura,  aliqvando  ad  chalybem  fcin- 
tillans ,  odore  ingrato ,  cum  aqva  forti  non  effervefcit^ 
ab  eadem  vero  ad  partem  folvitur^  folucione  clara  aqvca, 
qva  litcraB  ad  ignem  flavae  fcribi  poffunt.  Conftat  mfmu^  • 
tbo  &  arfenico ,  plcrumqve  &  cobalto. 

(a)  MineRa  Wismuthi  cinerea,  folida^  nitens. 
(f  ooftat  particulis  fere  impalpabilibus*    Ridda^byttan, 

(b; 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


208  fc^^o  )  JM 

(h)  MrMEfiA  WuMUTHi  ciNBREA)  fqwmo/M^  mUam. 
Lo$s  in  Heljingia. 

4.  W1SMUTHIJM\  fulphure  6?  arfenico  mineralifatum^  ca- 

lore  fiavefcente  variegato  effiorefctns*       Minera  Wis- 

MUTHi  VERSICOLOR.  5pee.  316. 

Flos  nvifmuthL 

Svcth.       SkYMTANDE     WlSMUTHMALM.        WlSMVTH- 
BLOMMA 

GalU  FLbuRs  DB  Bismuth,     v.  Db  Bomarb^  240. 
George  db  Pjoeon 

Germ.    Wismuth£Lum£N.       Taubenhalsiges  Wis- 
mutherz 

Colore  eft  haec  minera* variegato^  cinereo  flavefcenS) 
cum  rubro  &  cssruleo  admixto  ,  gravis ,  dura ,  ad  chaly* 
bem  fcincillans^  odore  ingrato,  plerutnqye  crufta  nigra 
|iut  fundo  nigro  praedita ;  cuiif  afOa  forti  aliqvando  eflfer- 
vefcit)  &  ab  eadera  ad  partem  folvitur;  conftat  mfmir 
tbo^  fulphure  &  arfenico^  qvibus  cobsUum  faepius  eft  ad* 
mixtum*     Scbneeberg  in  Saxoma. 

S.'WlSMVTHVMfulpbure&ferro  wineralifatttm   ImeU 
lis  cuneiformibus    compojita*      Minera    Wismuthi 

MARTIALIS.  spec.   3II. 

IViftnutbum  mineraUfatum  lamellis  cuneatis.    v.  Linh^. 
•  128.  3. 

Jf^fmutbum  ferro  fulpburtUB  mineraUfatum^  Crohstedt. 
115. 

Sveth*   jBRNHALtlG   WlSMdfHMALM 

«  Gall.  Mine  DE  Bismuth  fBrrugikeusb 
Germ.  Eisenhaltigbs  Wismutherz 

Eft  minera  compolita  lametlis  aut  fqVamtilis  craiTiori- 
b«s,  cuneiformibus^  wismutbo^  ferro  6f  fidpbure  parti- 
cipans. 

6.  WIS- 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


6.  WISMUTHUM,   terreftre^    pulverulentum  ^  flavefcens. 

OchRa  Wismuthi.  Spec.  312^ 

Ocbra  Wifmutbi.  prdverea^  flave/cens.  v.  Likn^.  193.7. 

ffyinutbum  calciform  pulverulentum.     Cronstedt. 
113.  b.   I. 

SvCth*   WlSMUTHKALK.       WiSMUTHOCHRA 

GalL  Chaux    de  Bismut.     Ochre  de  BismuT 
Cerm.  Wismuth^rde.     -Wismuthkalk 

Eft  terra  i  mineris  wifmuthi  defiruQis  proveniens,  in 
confiniis  a^ris  ,  coloris  flavefcente.     Loos  in  Helfingia. 

Obfervatioms  de  Wifmutho. 

Obf^  r.  Wifmuthum  depreheoditur  iofuper  aliis  mineris  ior- 

mixtuiD. 
iflDo,  In    mineris  cohalti ,    inprimis  in   minera  cohalti  cinerea 

Spec.  893.  aliqvando  etiam  cum  niccolo  admixto. 
gdo.    In    mneris    ar^enteis    DonnuUis,    ad    Schneeberg,    off. 

fiRiicKMANN   Eptft*  hin.  XLIL  N:o  12*  ml Jitiem. 

Obf.  a*  Mineras  wifmuthi j  qvx  cobaltum  fimul  continent,  ia 
aqva  forti  foluta,  praebent  folutiones  flave  viridefcentei^ 
qvibus  dum  additur  muria  falss  communis ^  praecipitatur  ma-, 
gi/lerfum  viifmutbi ,  4  refidua  vero  folutione ,  obtinetur 
atfttmentum  jjmpathtticum  stride. 

Si  bujusmodl  miners  vijmutbi^  qvae  cobaltum  continent,  de- 
coqvantur  forti  &  concentrate  cum  nceto^  fale  communis  ni- 
*  tro  &  aliimine  acuato  &  admixto ;  decantetur  deinde  jllud 
acetum,  &  relifta  mafla  calcinetur^  ad  eandemqve  fic  cal- 
cioatam  ,  deduo  hoc  acetum  adfundatur  &  cum  eadem  de- 
coqvatur ,  obtinetur  fic,  ab  hoc  aceto  decantato,  atqve 
ad  debitam  confiftentiam  fermeoti  cujusdaminrpiflato,tfrra- 
mctttum  fympathcticum  rubrum. 

Obf.  s,  IVifmutlum  fuis  4  mineris,  fine  omni  reducente  mate- 
ria, tacile  educitur,  dum  acidum  vitriolicum  &  arfenicum,  fi 
adtuerunt,  igne  diflipantur  &  feparantur; /!f;2/>/iri  tUqvatio- 
ne  itaqve  heic  opus  eft,  qvae  triplici  perficitur  roodo.  Ta) 
Eodem ,  qvo  anttmonium  crudum ,  H  fua  minera,  yafe  clau- 
fo  educitur ,  fortiori  autem  igne  wifmuthum  opus  habet. 
(b)  Simplici  fufione  in  foveis  disclinantibus  aut  catillis,  ita 
conftruftis  ci  igni  impofitis,  ur  wifmuthum  purum  eliqva* 

Towu  11.  O  turn 


Digitized  by 


Google ' 


torn  in  focum  feq  vas  fuppofitnm,  cfcfluere  polBt  (c)  Vft^^ 
Jatione.  Si  cum  miDeri?  cobabi  mixtnin  wiCnuthun^  folec 
tummincra  fuper  friiftula  ligoea,  traosverfiro  fuper  binas 
*  trabes  repofita ,  ia  aperto  aSre,  fundo  folidiori,  imponi  & 
dclnde  fruftula  accendi,  ut  eliqvefcat  wifmuthum,  qvodi 
cineribos ,  iisdem  in  aperto  aerc  agitatis  &  diffipatis,  dc- 

Euraturo,  ulteriori  fiifionc  in  unam  maffam  fundi  poteft. 
loc  etiam  xnfurno  revtrbtriiy  fornlce  humiliori  inftrufto, 
flamma  lignorum  i|eri  poteft,  &  4  cineribus,  wiCnutbuni 
eliqvatum »  eodem  modo ,  depurarl, 
Refiduum  poft  banc  eliqvationcm  wifmvtht^  I  mineris«  qv« 
cohaltum  fimul  continent,  eft  id  ipfum*  qvod  male  voca- 
tum  eft  recrementum  wifmutbi^  a  monticolis  germanicis,  IVif' 
mutb^raupen^  reipfa  vero  eft  cobalti  minera  calcinata  &  I 
v)ifmutbo  liberaca.  Hinc  orta  maxima  cootufio  imo  difpu- 
tatio  de  metallica  cobilci  natura,  Cfr.  Obf.  circa  cobaltum  5. 

Obf.  4.  Wifmutbum  diverfas  ingrcditur  mixturai  meMlicau 

(a)  Stannum  minori  copia  vrifmuthi  mixtum,  redditur  magb 
nitens,  fufibile&  durum,  firaul  vero  raagi«  triabile. 

(b)  A  flanni  partibus  binis  &  ^mfmutbi  parte  una ,  obtinetur 
n)etallum,  qvod  appellatur  TiUtanego^  diftinftum  k  zinca^ 
qvod  hoc  nomine  interdum  appellatur. 

(C)  Ajlanni  parte  una  &  wifmutbs  p^nihiiS  binis,  produc'- 
tur,  per  calcinationem,  calx  metallica^  qvae  appellatur  p«t- 
tiad  encaujlica  alba^  ob  facilem  vitrificationem  apta. 

(d)  Kjlanno  &  wijmutbo  ad  partes  anaticas  colllqvatis  & 
bene  mixtis,  atqve  deiode  in  maffam  fufam  1  parum  frige- 
fadlam ,  inftillata  mercurii  vivi  parte  femis,  producitur  ar- 
gentum  mufivum ,  mixtuca  optime  agitata  &  perfefta*     . 

(e)  A  vHfmtabi  parte  una,  ,flanni  &  p/«m^i. ana  partibus  bi- 
nis, mixtit  &  debite  colUqvatis  obtinetur  mixtura  facile 
liqvabilis,  ad  glutinanda  met  alia  idonea,  qva  ideo  vocatur, 
termino  technico,  Scblagiotb. 

(f)  JVifmutbum^ftannumhi  regulut  antimmi  ^  ad  partes  ana- 
ticas mixta  &  fufa,  praebent  metallum  moWJJimum.  fatis  ido- 
neum  ad  fufdpiendas  impreffiones  a  monetis  vel  alib  fi« 
guratjs  metallis. 

(g)  A  wifmutbo  cum  cinaabari  produCi  poteft  auruM  mufivnm* 
Prasterea  ulUrpatur  Mjifnmtbum  in  mixtura  cum  aliis  metal- 

lis  ad  litteras  typograpbicof^  ad  Jpccula  concava^  ad  obargentatio- 
nes  apparentes,  ft  prius  cum  mercurio  amalgametur;  fie 
qvs  funt  plura. 

Obfs. 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Jw  C  o  )  x|  an 

fAf.  5.  De  iniok  ^  origihe  '^^Ifmuthi^  non  omnium  eadem 
eft  auftorum  featentia.  Noauulli ,  utpote  Charas  in 
/^barmac,  Pomet,  Lemert,  L^NCiuf?  in  Opp.  T.  i.p,654. 
Krautermann  in  RezK  Min,  AuHor  libri  Kunft  -  uni 
Scbatzkammtr  p.  454.  AuHor  alchem.  denudata  C,  Nbumakn 
de  wifmutko,  von  Jvst^  in  Chem.  Scbr.  Fol.  L  p.  10,  ea 
tuerunt  opinione  ,  qvod  wifmuthum  fit  met^llum  arte  fa- 
ftum  aut  compolitum  k^amo^  nitro^  &t/irtaroy  vei  flann\ 
nrfenuo,  nitro  ^tartaroi  Vel  plumbo^  atfenico  &  cupro^  ut 
opinatur  C.  Neumann  ;  fedufti,  ni  tailor.  velaBAsitro 
Valentino,  qvi  in  Opp.  T.  11,  p.  *ro,  de  wiCmutho 
agens,  loqvitur  de  minera  ftauni  &  fak  ftinni  ;  vel  et^arn 
a  minsris  ftanni  nonouUis,  qvibns  Wifmuthum  efle  poturt 
immixtura  vel  adraixtum,  5ed,  ut  reticcamus  bujusmodi 
artificiale  wifmuthum  toto  caeio  elTe  difcrep^ps  a  wifmii- 
tbo  natural!;  fads  in  aprico  pnficum  eff^^  opinamur,  "^if- 
mutbum  ^  peculiar e  ac  ii/iirtHum  effe  femimstallum -y  qvod  I  mo, 
fmgulares  &  diftinftas  poflidet  proprietates,  qvae  colore 
&  textura,  habitu  in  igne,  relatione  ad  acida  mineralia, 
mixtura  cum  reliqvis  metallis  &  femimetalli??  funt  manife' 
Us  ;  praeterea  &  k  di&is    aotum ,    qvod    2do    propriam 

habsat  miner am^  &  ^tio  h.  natura  nativum  elahoretur, 

• 

Undfttom  vera  a  natura  compofitum,  non  adeo  facile  dici 
poteft,  Qvod  maximam  habeant  convent entiam  cum  plumho  ,  id 
utrinsqve  ptoprietaceH  coUatae  indicant ;  etenim  (rj)  ae^va- 
liter  igne  in  tuauim  propelli  pulfunt  &  vjaiilijari^  (b>  fi- 
mvliter  &  cnUinart  in  cineres  flavos  &  minium,  (c)  iu  li~ 
tbargyrium  verti,  (d)  in  cupella  purificare  aurum  &  argen- 
^ujw,  (e)  cum  fpifitu  nitri  cryftallifari,  (f)  aeqvaliter  tere 
atramentum  Jympatbettcum  exhibere  poffunt. 

Hinc  probabiliter  concludimus  iDt/muihum  cfife  compofittim 
matefiA  infiammibili ,  &  terra  qvadam  mctallica  deteriiiiaata, 
ejusdem  for  fan  indolis,  ut  in  piumbo. 

Ohf.  6.  Recentiores  nonnulli  mineralogi,  fedufti  a  facilielw 
qvatione  wifnuuhl  e  fua  miners,  fine  omni  reducente  ma- 
teria, concendunt  id  ip'um,  ut  aurum,  nonnifi  nati-'-mm  fuis 
ineffe  mineris  Sed  obfervandom,  qvod  idem  valeat  de  re- 
liqvis raetallis  &  fem  metallis,  utp)te  qvae  non  forma  cal- 
cinata  aut  terreftri,  (ed  metallica,  mineris  fulphureis  uiede, 
in  Elem.  Metatiurgi^^  p.  172.  fifficieiter  deraonftravimis  ; 
qvod  vero  ante  fuiionem  calcinata  fiiiu,  hoc  dependet  ^b 
ujtuiationibus  &  fuipburir  aitione  in  laitalla,  duui  e  mineris 
expeUitur.  t.    -    . 

O  a  $♦  117- 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


ail  ^  r  o  )  K| 

7.  ZINCUM.  Gen.  52. 

MarcbaJHa  aurea^  Ali^prti. 
Zinetbum.     SchrSderi* 

Svcth.    ZiNK.   SpIAUTER^    CONTKRFAIT, 

Gall-  Zinc 
Geam.  ZfNK 

1.  Eft  fcmimetallum  cxtcrno  adfpcftu  pUmbo'Uud  diffimilc; 
fraQura  rcccnti  ^  colore  albo  nitentc  ad  c«ruleitateni 
inclintntc,  textura^  pro  diverfitate.puntatis,  vel  ji- 
brojum  ut  germanicum ,  vcl  planis  pyramidalibus  ni- 
tens,  ut  oftindicum-j  inter  feinimetalla  tenaciflimuni, 
adco  ut  contufionc  pulverifari  non  poffit ,  non  taraca 
malleabile^ 

a.  Gravitate  fpecificih  in  proportionc  ad  aqvam;  ut  6,700^ 
vel  7,000;:  1,000.  Scilicet  proift  plus  vel  minus 
purum  fuerit. 

g.  In  aqva  (f  aire  papum  aut  nihil  mutatur. 

4.  In  igne  mitiori  calcinatorio ,  cavendo  ne  fundatur  zin- 
cum,  non  calcinatur,  fed  paulo  obfcurius  redditur, 
absqVe  ut  perdat  qvidpiam  dc  materia  inflammabili. 
Paulo  fortiori  igne  funditur ,  difEcilius  tamcn  qvaiu 
antiraonium  &  ftannum,  &  in  fuperficie  calcinatur^ 
calce  grifea.  j^uHo  poft  fujionem  igne  ad  rubcdincra 
vafis ,  pulchcrrirac  flagrat ,  flamma  lucida  caeruleo  vi- 
fidefcente^  qva  funul  calcinatur  &  volatilifatur,  dum 
calx  alba^  partim  fibrofa  fublimatur ,  partim  pulveru* 
lenta ,  albiffimorum  cinerum  inftar ,  maffam  fufam  te- 
git.  Cochleari  ferreo ,  dum  generata  base  calx  tarn  fi- 
brofa qvam  pulverulenta  fucceffivc  aufertur ,  ftatiin 
fufum  zincum  flammam  cruftat ,  &  in  hujusraodi  cal- 
cem  vertitur ,  donee  omne  zincum  fie  in  calcem  fue- 
rit mutatum.  Calces  hae,  tam  fibrofa  qvam  pulve- 
rulenta ,  vocantur  fiores  zinci^  qvi,  fi  debitc  praepa- 

rati 


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rati  &  tccurate  colIcSi  fucfint,  fuperpondii  ad  i^  p, 
zinci  fufi  habere  obfervantur. 

5.  Carboni  ignito  injeftum  zincum ,  &  igne  dcinde  foUe 
parum  excitafo,  cum /remftw  flaramam  con cipit,  flam- 
ma  fulgurantc  caeruleo  viridi ,  ac  ftatim  in  florcs 
fublimatur  Vel  avolat. 

^6.  Ac  acidis  mineralibus  omnibus^  folvitur ,  forti  cum  cf- 
fervcfccntia  &  calore;  qv«  acida  zinco  faturata,  poft- 
modum  aut  coagulantur  auc  concrefcunt ,  cum  ftbtico 
lapbrc  ^  corundemqve  vis  acida  adeo  infringitur,  ut 
Cum  falibus  alkaUms  fixis  poftmodum  non  efiervcfcant. 

7.  Ab  oleo  vitmli  aqva  diluto  folvitur  forti  cum  cffervc- 
fcentia,  calore  &^odore  ingrato  fulphurco,  atqve* 
fumo  inflammabili.  In  ha<;  folutione  femper  reperitur 
nigra  materia  ,  vcl  ad  fundum  pr«cipitata  vel  inna- 
tans ,  qv»  genainum  eft  fulpbur ,  ab  acido  vitrioli  & 
materia  inflammabili  zinci  produQum,  non  vero  edu» 
Sum.  Haec  folutio  cvaporata  &  cryftallifata  dat  vi- 
triolum  album. 

t.  Afpiritu  tdtri  vel  aqva  forti  folvitur  maxima  cum  cffcr- 
vefccntia,  colore  &  •mo  rubentc,  ipfa  autem  folu* 
tio  fit  clara  aqvea;  calore.  concentrata  fit  coagulata, 
gelatinofa;  dcbite  autem  traftata  cryflallifabilis  in  crjr- 
ftallos  prifmaticas. 

9#  A  fpiritu  falis  folvitur  minori  .cum  eflfervcfcentia ,  in- 
grato autem  odore.  Separatur  fimul  nigra  plumofa  in- 
fiammabilis  materia.  Ipfa  folutio  claritatem  aqvas  ha- 
bet  ;  calore  autem  coa^^ulatur. 

to.  Ah  aqva  regis  folvitur  cum  cflTervcfcentia  &  calore^ 
folutione  flava. 

II.  Ab  aceto  fit  folutio  Clara,  fapore  acerbo  ,  fed  odore 
grato, 

03.-^  II.  Cum 

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114  ,  {X  C  o  )  K$ 

II.  Otm  futphure  nuUa  adhac  nota  arte  combinari  poteft^ 
Zincum  itaqve  in  fufionibus,  optime  ope  ftdphuris  pM^ 
rificari  poteft  &  feparari  k  reliqvis  metallis  immixtis^ 
qvas  fulphure  folvuntar ,  inta£lis  auro  &  dnctf. 

13.  Omni  cum  metalh  &:  femimetallo  eft  mifcibile,  exec- 
ptis  niccolo  &  mfmutbo ;  difficulter  qvoqve  cum  ftrro 
&  ohalt^  combinatur.  Omnia  metalla,  qvae  folvit, 
fragilia  reddic  ^  minas  tamen  Jlannum  &  plumbum 
^qvam  reliqva  \  in  igne  qveqvc  eadem  vQlatUifat^  li- 
cet difficulter  ferrum.  &  cuprum*^  difficilius  liqvabilia 
facilius  fufibilia  reddlt.  Cuprum  tingk  colore  flavo 
anreo.  Hasc  metallica  mixto  facile  peragitur  in  cru- 
cibub,  in  qvo  metallum^  cum  zinco  corabinandum, 
prius  ad  rubedinem  calefaciendum ,  deinde  vero  zin- 
cum una  cum  tartaro  &  vitro  addendum  ^  ut  prsca- 
veatur  fiamma  &c  calcinatio  zinci« 

I4»  Cum  mercurio  citius  &  facilius  amalgamatur  <,  qvam 
ttllum  aliud  metallum,  vel  fola  tritura,  vel  calore^ 
vel  utrifqvfe^junftis.  Hinc  cum  mercurio^  per  amal- 
gam ationem,  feparari  poteft  zmce^m  k  cupro  in  oricbal*' 
CO  vc]  metallo  Robert  no  vre^fensi  etiam  ab  aliis  me- 
tallis^ * 

15.  Lima  ferrea  limatum  ^  vel  in  fworrario  /errf^  attc- 
nuatum  vim  magneticam  fufcipit ,  &  i  magnete  tra- 
hitun 

Obf.  Zincum  variis  nominibus  Infignltum  eft-  Qvod  zbOftin- 
dia  m  Europam  transportatur,  puriffinaum ,  appellatur  1  nt- 
tanego,  non  confundendum  cum  Tuttanego  artificial! ,  qvae 
compoaitur  hjlanno  St'^iflnutbo^  ut  in  Ubferv.  ie  Mfmutbo 
indicavimus.  Albertus  Maqnus  vocat  lioc  femlme- 
tallum  mArcbafitam  aurtam,  ab  eodem  fi'qvidem  cuprun 
au'-eo  tingitur  colore.  KiRCHERUi  appellavit  hoclpfum 
Caloin;  Boy  lb  Speitrusf  &c.  Aurifabri  &  alii  appellant 
Spiatiter^  Contcrfet  Sic.  Ut  hoc  femimetallum  etiam  re- 
centioris  »vi  iuvreotum,  &  Arablbus  ignotum  fuerit;  fie  nuU 
lam  ideoqve  figoaturam  hieroglypbicam  obtiault,  fed  di- 
verfimode  k  diverfis  fignatur. 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1.  ZllNCUM  nativum.  Spec.  313. 
Svcth.  Gediegen*Zink 

Gall     Zinc    vierge   ou  natip*       v.  De  Bom  are. 

Spec.  241. 
Germ.  Gediegbnbr  2iNk 

Conftac  filamentis  tenuioribus>  colore  grifeo,  inflam- 
nabilibus,  terra  plerumqve  flava  ^   ochracea  cin3is. 

BoMARE  1.  c.  contendit  reperiri  in  mineris  GofsUi' 
rimfibus  fz  ad  Limburg^  licet  rariflime;  &  refert  Cron- 
STEDT  m  Mlmralog.  $  1 2 ^^  fe  vidlffe y?rw^aw  qvandam 
mineram  druficam^  facie  inetallica  pr8Bditain\)  e  fodinis 
Scbneebergenjibusy  qv«  phaBnomena  zinci  nativi  in  igne  ex- 
hi  buit.  Horum  au&orum  fide ,  hujus  mineras  mentio- 
nem  feci. 

2.  ZWCUM  fulphure  mimraiifatum^  minera  albefcente  vel 

ST^fi^^  f^^^  ^^0  £f  textur^fntrea^     Mi^^era  Zinci 

VITREA*  Spec.    314. 

Minera  zinci  cakiformis  pura  indvratd.  C  r  0  n  s  t  e  d  t. 

*  228. 

Svethi  ZiNK  Glasbrz   . 

GalL  Mine  db   Zinc   vitReuse 

Germ.  ZiNK  -  Glasbrz 

Eft  base  minera  vitro  zinci  artifieiali  maxime  asqva- 
lis  9  colore  grifeo  ,  parum  caerulefcente  ^  aliqvando  &  vi- 
ridefcente  aut  flavefcente,  qvafi  lapide  calaminari  Cnpcrfi' 
c'Ali  praedita  ;  fraSura  inftar  qvarzi  apparet ,  fed  absqve 
nitorc  &  duritie;  ad  ftruQuram  plerui^iqve  vel  qvafi  no- 
dofa,  vel  ftratofa  &  cavemofa,  interdimi  cellularis;  cal- 
cinatione  flavefcititfs  odorcm  fulphureum  emittic  ^  qvem  &, 
dum  malleo  fortiter  percutitur,  eru£lat,  onde  fulphuris 
prasfentia  in  hac  minera  patet;  cum  acido  ^Jitrioli^  aqva  di- 
lute, effervefcit  &  integre  folvitur,  qvae  folutio  a  lixivio 
elkalino  coagulatur,  evaporau  vero  &  cryftallifata ,  prae- 
bet   cryftaUos  albas,  prifmaticas. 

o  4  (O 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


ai6  ^  t  o  )  K} 

Ca)  MiNERA   ZiNci  viTREA,  folida^ 
Haec  rarior.     Flinfbire  in  Anglia. 

(b)  MiNERA  ZiNCi  viTREA,  ftrMofa  feu  lamellaris. 
Conftat  craflrs  lamellis ,  jam  concavo  conrexis ,     jam 

magis  reQis^   plus  minus  inclinatis.    FUntfbire  in 
Anglia. 

(c)  MiNERA    ZlNCl   VITRBA,   dfufica. 

Eft  cavcrnofa  &  nodofa.    Flinfbire  in  Anglia. 
Okf.  Haec  minera  zinci  vitrea^  k  nonoulUs  pro  zinco   native 
habeciir;  k  pleritqve  Vero  noa  eft  coguita. 

^3.  Zinc  UNI   tenejlre  vel  lapideum^  colore  flavefcente  vel 
fufco.     Lapis  calaminaris.  Spec.   jiy. 

Cadmia  lapidofa.  '  Officinarum. 
Zincum  fubterreum  lapidefcem.    v.  Lmwi  it 5.  5. 
Ocbra  feu  calx  Zinci  martialis  indurata.   .  Cronstbdt^ 

Svcth.  Gallmea 

Gall.  Calamine  ou   Pierre  calamikaire.     r.  De^ 

Bomare.  Spec.  246. 
Germ.  Galmey.     Galmetbrde 

Facicm  habet  hasc  minera  terras  feu  ochrae  arAius  vel 
laxiu"?  compadae,  unde,  jam  folida  &  durior  inftarlapidis, 
jam  roollior  &  friabilis  inftar  terras ,  ^d  flruEturam  reperi- 
tur  vel  folida  facie  arenofa,  vel  lamellofa ,  plerumqve 
vcro  fiinul  qvafi  e?cefa  &  cavemofa ;  diverfo  colore^  grifto, 
flavefcente  aut  fufco  ,  absqvc  nitore  metallic©  ,  plerumqve 
cum  immixds  minimis  particulis  micantibus  &  nitentibus  ; 
ponderofa,  calcinatione  flavefcit  ,•  cxxvm  oleo  vitridi  aqva 
diluto  effervefcit.&  ab  eodem  folvitur,  atqve  cryftallifatio- 
ne  praebct  cryftallos  albas ,  prifmaticas  ,  partim  pellucidas 
partim  opacas,  qvas  carboni  ignite  injeQae  ebulliunt  &  cal- 
cem  albam  relinqvunt ;  cum  aqva  forti  non  movetur,  ab  ea- 
dem  tamen  folvitur,  6:  poft  evaporationem  &  cryftallifatio* 

nem 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


fX  (  O   )  Kj  ^17 

ncm  dat  cryftallos  albas,  prismaticas  ,  qvae  carbon!  ignito 
inje£^s  odorem  fpiritus  nitri  fpargunt,  &  cruftam  feu  cal* 
ccin  fiavam  relinqvunt. 

(a)  Lapis  calamiharis,  ItUeo  cinereus. 
Flintfbire  in  Jnglia.     ^ovisgrani  in  Germania^ 

(b^   I^APIS    CALAMIKARIS,  lOteO   dlbUS. 

Hifpania     Commodau  in  Bohemia. 

(c)  Lapis  calaminaris,  rubro  fufcus^         • 

Polonia^    Nawur^ 

Obf,  I,  Ferrum  ia  Upide  ealamtnari  adeffe,  pafet  imo  h  fcoriif 
nigrir^  qvs  obtineotur,  dam  pulverifatus  roifcetur  cum 
debico  ad  ferrum  praedpitandiim  fluore  &  fundjtur;  oec 
non  k  regulo ,  qvem  nonnullx  varietates  hujiis  lapidis, 
eodem  modo  fufe ,  praebenr*  ado,  A  fuperpondio  firti  pu- 
rU  feu  limatura  martis  in  fufione  admixtae  ;  fcilicet  lapidis 
calaminaris  centenarius  unus  ,  mifcetur  cum  limacurae  mar- 
Cis  purs  centenario  femis,  fluoris  nigri ,  pulveris  carbo- 
num  &  boracis  debita  qvantitate .  funditur;  obtinetur  fic 
regulus  ad  56^marcas«  qvod  facU  Aiperpondii  6\  ;red  ut 
ferrum  purum ,  eodem  iiuore  mixtum  &  fufum  perdere 
folet  18  ^  19  marcaSf  4  ceatenario;  ideoqve  dimidium 
.  ^ujus  fcorificati  ac  perdici  ferri  fuperpondium  rufcepifle 
ad  15I  marcas. 

Obf.  3.  Vocatur  h»c  roinera  eadmk  lapidofa^  vcl  cadmia  nati- 
va  hpidofa^  ut  diftlngvatur  k  cadmia  fornacum  vel  ftirnorum^ 
qvv  nihil  aliud  eft  qvam  ealx  zinci^  &  k  cadmia  vitri  ca- 
rulei^  qvs  eft  cobaUuM^VLt  indicatum  eft  de  cobalto  ^119. 
Obf.  2. 

'  Obf  3.  Qvod  nonnulli  lapides  ealaminarer  ealdnatione  fragf- 
liores  fiant;  aUi«  utpote  Aqxisgranenjis  ^  igne  indurefcantt 
terrs  areillaceae  martiali,  qvs  torlkn  immixta,  adfcriben- 
dum  videtur. 

Obf^.  An  lapis  calaminaris  ut  ochra  2inr/ conliderari  poflit.^ 
maxima  ejus  convenientia  cum  pjeudogalena^  tam  in  igne* 
qvam  in  menftruis ,  innuere  potius  videtur,  zincum  noa 
alirer  in  lapide  calaminari  qvam  in  'pfeudogaiena  adeffe, 
fcilicec,  in  forma  ttrtce  calcarea  mutata  ^  feu  ^d  indolem 
terrs  in  zinco  prsfeotis  determinate,  qvs  nondum  ali* 
qvam  unionem  cum  principio  inflammabili  fubire  pocuit. 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


4,  ZINCUM  fidphuH  fif  ferro  minerdlifstum ,  eot&re  etfcu^ 

re  ferreo  ^    partiaUis    micantibus.      Minera  Zikci« 

Spec.  51(5, 
Zincum  mineralijatum  compaStumy  atomis  albidis ,  nUidu^ 

lis.     V.  LlNNi  1 25*  3. 
Zincum  forma  metalli^a  ferro  fulpbuxalo   minexfilifcdum^ 

Cronstedt.  129*  JU 
Svcth^  "ZlNKMALM 

Gall.  *MiNE    DE    Zinc.     v.  De  Bomare^  Sf.   i43* 
Germ.  ZiNK£RZ 

Eft  h«c  tninera  colore  fere  martiall ,  cinerco  caera- 
lefcente,.  particulis  minimis  inftar  mineras  martis  nitens^ 
compaQa ,  textura  chalybea ,  durior,  ad  chalybera  plerum- 
qve  fcintillans ,  ponderofa ,  cum  acidis  non  efiervefcens. 

(a^  MiNBRA  ZiNci  minimis  fqvamidis  nitens. 
Zincum  mineralifatum  y   compc^tum^  Jubfqvamofum.      ▼. 
Linn*  125.  a, 
Hofpitat  in  Cbina^  ubi  Tuttanego  ab  hac  miners  elicitur. 
Kungsberg  in  Norwegian 
(h)  MiNERA  ZiNci  textura  chalybea.  ♦ 

Bovallen  &.  Skensbyttan  iu  paroecia      Tuna  Datecarlia^ 
mfifilfwberget. 
Obj:  Hue  pertinet  minera  Gojikricnfis^  qvam  pro  minera /ir- 
fi  habuit  Henckel. 

• 

5.  Z)^CUM  fulphure  &  ferro  mineralifatum,  miriera  fjv(h 

mulis  vel  teffulis  micante  ^  obfcura.  Pseudooalena. 

§pcc.  317. 
Sterile  nigrum.     AoRicOLja* 

Zincum  femiteffulatum^    atrum.     v.   Link^,  116.  fi. 
Zincum  calciforme  cum  ferro  fylpburatum.     Cronstedt^ 

030. 

Sycth    Blende 

Call.  Blende,     v.  De  Bomarb.  144. 


Germ.  Blekdb 


Eft 

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t>^  (  o  )  ^  ^19 

•  Eft  hssc  minera  colore  obfcuro,  fqvamulis  feu  teiTulis, 
galena  plumbi  inft  tr  micantibus  ,  compofita^  humedata  nl- 
torem  perdcns ,  qvem  ficca  promte  recuperate  tfitura  dc 
rafura  pulvereiii  dac  cinereum ;  ad  chalybem  plus  roinui 
fcintillatj  calcinata  fit  flavefcens  vel*  grifcaj  cum  oleo  w- 
trioli  aqva  diluto ,  btpaticum  fpargit  odoreni  fine  eflFervc- 
fcencia ,  ab  eodem  folvitur ,  folutione  albefcente,  ^vas  crj^- 
fiallos  prsbet  albas  vd  obfcuras ,  prifmaticas ,  duras,  qvs^ 
carboni  ignito  injeftae  odorcm  fulpbureum  fpargunty  reroa- 
nente  calce  alba  ^  cum  aqva  forti  effervefcit,  &  ab  eadeiu 
folvitur,  qvae  folutio  colore  flava  per.  cryftallifationera  dif- 
ficulter  dat  cryftallos  prifinaticas  flavefcentes  in  igne  odo 
rem  eruftantes  nitrofum  ,  remanente  calce  flava ;  infpiffa" 
ta  vero  folutio  gelatinam  praebet«  Utraeqve  has  folutiones,* 
tarn  acido  vitriolico ,  qvam  fpiritu  nitri  faQae ,  addito  lixi- 
vio  alkalino^  coagulantur. 

(a)  PsEUDOGALENA,  patticvlis  minimis  fqvamojis  nitens. 

colore  obfcuro  fufco^    Rammelsberg  in  Germania.  Sal- 

berg  in  Weftmannia. 
Ohf.   Haec  eft  minera  qy«  ad  Gofrlar  Tocatur  Braunbleyerz, 
Cb)  PsKUDocALENA,  fqvainuHs  minoribus  nitens  ^  colore 

maniali. 
Colore  eft  martiali,    dura,  ad  chalybem  vero  parciffime 

fcintillans,  Ldfaofen.    Carpenberg  in  Dalecarlia. 

Cc)  PsKUDocALENA ,  majorlhus  fqvamulis  nitens  ,  colore 
fufco. 

Haec  majoribus  fqvamulis,  &  fere  cryftallifata  apparet^ 
plerumqve  dura ,  ad  chalybem  aliqvo  modo  fclntillansi 
fFefifetfwberget.     Storfalsberget  in  paroecia     Tuna  Da* 
UcarUa.. 

(d}  PsEuDOGALENA,  majoribus  fqvamulis^  colore  viridi. 

Kungsberg. 
(e)  PsEuDoGALENA,  fqvamuUs  majoribus  nitens^  atra. 
Hasc  eft,    qvae    vocatur  Pfeudogalena  picea.  5vcth,  & 
Germ.    Pecbblende.   Salberg.    Fablun. 

(0 

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(f)  PsEUDOGALBNA  cryftalUfata;    ery/iaUis  fubrtfttffdis 
polyedris. 
Facie  gaudet  globular!  picrumqvc  botryitict.  JngUa. 

Obj:  Hxc  preudogalenay  qvae  Bknde  vocatur,  probe  diftin« 
gvenda  a  cornco  .jfathyoj  qvi  itidem  nomeo  obcinuit  k 
bUMe^    ut  tndlcatum  eft  de  eorneit  hpidibufSpec.  17 1. 

(i.  ZlNCUM  /M/p6ttre  ^  /^rro  miiUralifdtum ,  twinertf  iiut 
rttJbewre;  tftit  pulverem  rubicundum  exbibente.  Psbudo* 
GAi^KNA  Rubens.  Spec,  jig^ 

Zincuni  micaceum  rubtamdum  y  tritura  nfa.     v.  Linn*. 
127.  ' 

Zincum  calciforme  cum  fmo  fulpburatum^    Cronstedt^ 
230.  I.  &  2. 

Sveth.  RODS  LAG 

GUI.  Blende  Rouge,  v.  Dk  Bomare.  24?* 

Germ.  Rothb  Blende.     Rothschlag 

Eft  minera  fqvamofa  vcl  teffularis  ^  colore  divcrfo^ 
plcnimqve  rubente  vel  hepatico ,  fempcr  vero  tritura  aut 
rafura  pulverem  rubruni  exhibens ;  calciflata  fit  flavcfcci^s 
vcl  colore  lateritio ;  ab  acido  vUridlico  aqva  diluto  fdlvitur 
fine  eflFervefccntia ,  fed  raro  cryftallifatur^  folutio  fit  albi 
craffa;  nonnullas  varietates  cum  aqva  forti  cffervefctyit^rc- 
liqvas  non»         # 

(z)    PsEL^DOOALENA    BVBEVS  y  fufca. 

Eft  maxime  vulgaris  ^  colore  obfcuro  ftifco  ^  vcl  magis 
lucido  aut  rubente  ^    fqvamulis   minoribus     niicans* 
Salberg.    Dannemora.     ffytfUfwberget.    Flint/ hire  in 
Jlnglia. 
Obf.  Dannemofenjtt  cum  aqva  forti  effcrveCflt ,  non  vero  cum 
dUo  vitrioli  aqva  diluto  t  lb  eodcm   tamen  folvitur,  qv« 
folutio  cryftaUifabili5.    Jnglica  ncc  cum  oleo  vitrioli  aavt 
diluto  oec  cum  aqva  forti  movecur ;    a  pciori  voro  loU 
vitur  rolurioae  alba  crafTd, 
(h^  PsEUDOGALENA  RuBENS,  colore  alhifctnte. 
Rdltmk  in  Dakcarlia.     Kimgsberg  in  Norwegia ;  Lau^ 
terberg'in  Cermania. 

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t>^  C  O  }  P<$  121 

Cc)  P^BUboGALENA  KMBEvs ,  flovefcens^  opoco. 

Claustbal  in  Germania^ 
(d^  PsEUDOGALENA  rubens  ,  flava^  fimipellucida. 
Majoribus  ut  plurimum  fqvamulis  micat;  aliqvando  ca- 
vernofa    ad    rubcdinem    inclinat.      Scbarffenberg   in 
Mifnia.  Scbemnitz  in  Hungaria.     Bereninjelin Rujfta^ 

Obf.  H«c  pfeudogalena  Critura  fit  ekHrica^  &,  dum  plftillo 
vltreo  coQteritur»  odor  exfurgic  logratus  cum  eledtrica  la* 
ce.  Hanc  eledricicatem ,  nee  ia  igoe  nee  in  acidis  tolU 
indicatum  eft  in  Hamb.  Maqazik.  T.  V.  p/a88&422. 

Ohf.  t.  Ab  allatishis  dercripdonlbut  fpecierum  preudogale^ 
A9«  &  harum  inprimis  relatione  ad  acida,  elucet,  wi  taU 
lor,  non  adeo  magnam  has  inter,  &  lapidein  calamiiia- 
rem,  elie  differentiam ,  &  neutram  ab  his  miaeris,  zincum, 
in  forma  roetallica ,  fine  inflammabili  materia  admixta  lar- 
giri.  Probabile  itaqve  nobis  eft,  zincum'eadem  toma  ter"* 
rettri  iapidi  calaminari  &  pfeudogalens  inefle. 

Obf,  a,  Noanullas  pfeudogaleoae  varietates  fimul  arfinicum 
contioere  experti  funt  Pott  de  pjiudogakna  p.  lo,  & 
Marooraff  in  AEi.Btrol, 

OhJ,  2i.  Largior  Marggrafium  primum  in  Germania  fuiflTe 
qvi  docuit,  qva  ratione  zincum  h  pfeudogalena  deftillaiv 
dum  in  AEl,  Beroltn,  '7*^*^'  fimul  vero  iudicare  debeo,  aa- 
te  haec  tempora  ,  in  Svecia  zinci  praefentiam  in  lapide  ca^ 
hminari  &  pfeudogalena  fpeciebus  tuiffe  maxime  nota^n,  & 
hunc  proceirum,  non  modo  fuiflTe  cognitum;  fed  &  reip'^i 
introduftum  a  b  d.  Swab,  imo,  ad  majores  dellillationes 
applicatum  dudum  Anno  17381  ad  IVeJUrivik  a  minera  zincu 
textura  chalybeah  fodina  BovMlem  Sp.  32^.  b.  Hue  &  per- 
tinent qvae  in  A^.Stockb,  l^oLP".  ab  iiluftri  Ajl.  Funck 
funt  allata.  —   ,      . 

.  ZINCUM  ftdpbure  6?  ferro  mintralifatum  ^  cryllallifa^ 

tUm^    PSEUDOGALBNA    CRYSTALLlSATA.      SpeC«  3  1 9* 

Zincum  fterile  oQo'edro  cryJlalHfatum  ^    conglorrteratum.    v. 

Sveth.  Crystalliserad  Blbkds 
Qz\U  Blende  crystal  isA 
Germ.  Crtstallisirtb  Bleni^b 

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Conftat  cryftallls  moUioribus  obfcuris  optcis  vel  fla- 
vefcentibus  femipellucidis  ^  iiguras  irreguljyris)  ucplurimani 
vero  oStoedricx  figuras ,  qvas  gryllalli  nullo  ^cido  moven- 
tur ,  qvidpiara  vero  ab  acido  vitriolico  diluto  folvi  indi.cat 
albus  color,  qvem  hoc  acidum  fub  coQura  cum  cryftallis 
fu  (cipit. 

(a)   PSEUDOGALENA    CRYSTALLISATA  ,  JljfCd. 

(h)  PsKUDOGALENA  crystallisata,  flavcfcens,  femi" 

pellucida. 
UtraeqvehaB  varietates  cohabitare  folent  in  pfeudogale* 
na  rubente  fufca.     PLintfbire  in  Anglia. 

J-  ZINCUM  pulverulentum  terrejlre.    Ochra   ZincL 

Spec,  320* 
Ocbra  Zincialhida.     v.  Linn^  193. 

Svcth.    ZlNKOCHRA 

Gatl.  Ochre  de  Zinc 
Germ.  Zinkocher 

Eft  terra  albida  aut  flavefcens ,  dependens  k  minerit 
zinci,  acido  vitriolico  vel  fulphureo  corrofis.  ^ 

(a^  Ochra  ZiNci  alba. 

Eft  magis  pura  9   mincras  zinci  incambens*     WkftJUf* 

berget. 

(b)  Ochra  Zinci  flavefcens. 

Eft  cum  ochra  ferri  mixta ;    interdum   &  cum  ochra 
plumbi,  unde  colorcm  habet.     Anglia, 

Ohf.  ArgilUf  Zinci  ochra  mixtas  defcripfirous  Jlrfvtfx  &  ctgru' 
leas.  Spec.  28.  Lit.  c  &  d. 

Obfervatioms  de  Znco  &  mineris  ZincL 

Ohf.  X.   Zsncum  praetcrea  reperltur. 

imo,  Iji  a^vif  zineofis^  vltriolo  albo  participantibus. 

sdo,  In  vstriolo  albo  wiii  c^uko  &  rulro.  cit.  Spec.  836.  & 

^31.  ,       « 

Ohf.  8.  Zineum  triplicl  modo  e  im  miaeria  feparari  poteft. 

(a)  F^ 

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(^a)  Fu^'one  ;  d«m  in  fufionibus  minerarum  cnpri  vel  plum^ 
ki,  qvae  miner  am  ztnct  vel  pjhudogaUnam  .iccideiualiter  ad- 
mixtam  habent,  eodem  igne ,  qvo  metalia  aominatd  ex- 
coqvuntur ,  hoc  feniiaietalluni  fimul  e  aunera  elicitur.  In 
hunc  finem  ,  ad  Rammeiibergcnjes  fodinaj  ^  m  pariete  furnt 
iuforii  anteriore  feu  pediOTej  Jella  iapidea  ^  a  lapide  fiffili, 
qv3fe  germanice  Zmk/iubl  vocatuf ,  fupra  focum  &  vim 
ignis,  in  turno  exilrudo  extllit,  in  qvam^  ^arum  illud 
sioci,  qvod  excoduni,  &  phlogifto  carboaum  a  calcina- 
tione  deteoUmi,  fupra  haoc  fellam  depluit,  deinde,  t'ulio- 
ne  perafta,  colligitur,  atqve  repovata  niiti  fufione,  in  pla- 
centas torroatur,  prout  prolixius  tarn  furaos  cum  felh, 
qvam  fulionis  ffiOdumdefcribit  Schlatter  von  Hntten^u),  p. 
934.  'Lsncum  rude  primae  fu  ft  on  is  appellant  Rauli\  reao- 
vata  fufione  depuratum  vocant  Arco, 

(b)  De/lUlatione  ^  qva  ratione  primum  heic  in  Svecia,  zln- 
cunfi ,  per  refortas  lapideas  aut  ferrea^,  torti  igne  eft  de- 
ftillatum  a  mineiJs  calcinatis  &  contufis,  ctjm  puhere  car^ 
honum  optime  raixtis.  Sub  hac  dcIliUatione  etiam  ^ttrum 
zinciy  feu  ztncum  in  corpus' album  ^  opacum  fragile  miM^tum 
obtiaetur. 

fc)  IncoYporatione  turn  cupro^  unde  oricbalcum ,  [de  qvo  mox 
dicendum. 

Obf,  S,  Depuratio  zinct\  diverfimode  peragi  folet ;  optime  au-  ' 
tcm  per  fublmationem  perficttur ,  qvae  in  binin  crucibulis 
optime  &  perfetailfime  adglutiuatis  peragi  poteft  in  turn.> 
fuforio,  igne  accelerato  &  ad  dimidii^m  faoram  continuato, 
Fufione  peraiSta  reperitur  zincum  in  fuperiori  crucibulo 
forma  metallica  fublimatum.  Qvod  ope/^/par// etiam  de- 
purari  poteft ,  ut  antea  indicavimus. 

OJ/T  4.  Fronts  ZtKci,  qvi  la  igne,  fub  deflagratione  hu- 
jus  fbmimetalli  obtinentur  ^  ejosdem  funt  iodolis  iisdemqve 
gaudent  proprietatibus,  qvibus  zincum ,  Vel  acidis  mine- 
talibiis  catcinatum,  v^l  cum  nilro  detooatum ,  calce  ubi- 
Vis  bene  elixiviata,  ea  folutn  differentia,  qvod  pri$r,  vt- 
pote  raagis  fibrofa,  appellari  (olet  ianapbih/opbicai  gallice. 
Cottans  phiiofopbiquer, 

Omnes  hi  flores,  qvi  genuiaam  2inci  calcem  conflituunt 
vocantur  etiam  Nihil  album,  &  genufnuin  Arabum  «/- 
hit  conftituere  demonftravit  Lawson  in  Dtfjirt,  de  Nihiio. 

Hoc  rnbil  a&um^  nihil  eft  diftinftum  k  calcd  qvam  Grsci 
appellarunt  Ponipbolyx  ^  ittfM^o^  »  ^«"^»  tmnenttA ,  fpuma, 
lufi  qvod  bac  pofterior  fubUmetur  fub  pr/fparatione  rrichtki^ 
#  .  Cad- 


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CADMfA  FoRKAcvM,  pfofMrle  difta ,  etiaffl  niliU  aliudeft 
qvBtn  calx zinci  ^  qvx  aliis  heterogeneis  mixta,  lo  furoia 
fuforiis  majoiibus,  hinc ,  illiDC ,  in  aogulis  &  parietibus 
adfixa  reperitur,  in  fruftula  coafta,  uade  qvafi  coagulatu 
apparet  &  foliorum  inftar ,  colore  obfcure  cioereo. 

Tut  I A  vocatur  cai^^  ztnci^  a  nonnullis  fpadium  Graeorum 
Cpfobc  diftiogvendum  ^  fpodio  fen  ebore  ufio)  qvae  vel  in 
operculis  Vel  circa  cylindros  ferreos,  fub  tufione  &  prae- 
paratione  oricbalci  affigt  folet.  Hsc  tutia  e(l  tenuis,  alba, 
farinacea,  nihil  itaqvc  diftioda  a  nsbilo  alho  &  pompbnlyx^ 
ratione  puritatis  vero  &  confiftentiae,  diftinaa  a  cAdmiafof^ 
nacum.  Probe  veto  fimiil  notandum  ,  qvod  tutia,  qvae  in 
ofBcinis  pbarmaceuticis  fervatur,  neqvaqvam  hue  pertineat, 
eandem  namqve,  juxta  olurima  a  me  inft'irnia  experimen- 
/  ta  9  reperii  neqve  flavo  coiore  cuprum  cingere,  neqve  igae 
flavefcere. 

PeeuUaref^  ^"7^  floret  zinci  poffident  ^  proprietater  ^  tunt  C^} 
qvod  carbonibus  ignitis  Injefti  colorAn  flavum  ftatim  fufci- 
piant.  In  frigorc  autem  albefcJnt.  ;b)  Qvod  ab  omni  ocHq 
tarn  minerali  qvam  vegetabili  fint  folubiie?.  (c)  Cum  jpir/- 
verc  carbonum  mfxri&  cum  laminis  rtt/)M  csmentati  idipfum 
flavo  tingant  colore,  (d)  In  igne  per  fe,  fixi,  nonoifi  for- 
tifllmo  igne  vitrificentur. 

Obf,  5.  Z/ffrum  ut  cuprum  nunqvam  non  flavo  dngit  'colore, 
fic  praecipuus  tam  zinciqvam  minerarum  zinci  uftisinhunc 
finem  adhibetur.  fiinc.  divert  metaUa  compofita  ^  aureo 
colore  plus  minus  tinfta  &  malleabilia  produci  folent. 

(a)  Okichalcum,  eft  mixtura  metallic*  flava,  malleabi* 
lis,  ab  xre  fufo ,  tiimo  cadmie  tinfto  &  commixto  ,  prae- 
l^arata.  Scilicet,  ftratificantur  lamella^  euprea  cum  pulvere 
lapidis  calaminaris  vel  pfiudogaktut  aut  alius  minerae  zincif 
calcinatae,  pulvere  carbonum  bene  commixtae,  in  idoneis 
varis  feu  ollis,  qvae  deinde  fortiori  igni  imponuntur,  ut 
fluat  cuprum^  &  zincum^  in  minera  latens,  volatilifatum,  in« 
flammabili  carbontim  materia  reduftum,  in  cuprum  pe- 
netret,  flavo  id  ipfum  tingat  colore,  falva  duftilitate,  cum 
locrentento  ponderis  in  proportione  qvantitatis  zinci  la 
minera  Utentis. 

Qvod  prima  fufione  obtinetur  appellant  artifices  nrcoi 
qvod  vero  denuov  nova  caementatione ,  in  qva  eadem 
qvantitas  cupri  &  oricbalci,  cum  minera  zinci  vel  pjittdoga- 
lena^  puhere  carbonum  mixta,  producitur,  vocant  ortcbalcum. 
Prolixiorem  oricbalci  praeparationem,  cum  fuis  fundameo- 
tiSf  dedimus  in  Eicm.  Metallurgy  p.  407.  S^r. 

A        Hoc 


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^  C  ^  )  •^  .  ^5 

J^pc  mcUicum  ,    antiqvorum  fuerit  Mz  corinthiacum, 
4  reliqviis  iudicari  poceft. 

fb]  Metallum  Prihcipis  Roberti,  qvod  etiam  voct- 
tur  broneo  metallum,  e(l  mixtura  metallic^  cr>loHs  tfttfft,  fra 
gilJ5,  k  enpro  &  zineo  prsparata.  Ad  6  vel  8  partes  cupfi 
In  crucibulo  fafi,  fupefadditur  zinci  pars  i  vel  i^,  qvae 
mixtura  bene  fura,  rutabulo  ferreo  ignito  bene  citcun^gi- 
tatur,&  ftatim  eifundicur  I  oe  diflipetur  zincum.  Con- 
fultiaa  eft  hsc  operacio  fiat  cuni  addico  fiuore  nigro  Si  bora- 
te, ad  qv£  in  crucibulo  tufa ,  guttacim  ingeriintur  cnyrum 

.  &  zincum,  reparatim  prius  fufa,  mixturam  delude  bene  cir- 
cumagieaodo. 

[cl  AuRUM  SOPHIST  icinii^ ,  qvod  ab  Jnventore  Anglo  fo- 
let  adpellari  Pinscheback,  &,  in  qvantum  inihf  notum, 
nihil  eft  diftinftum  k  Tombac,  eft  metallum  coropoii- 
tum  malleabile ,  aurea  colore,  eundem  &  una  cum  nitore 
retinens,  absqve  ut  obfcurumvel  aerdginorum  in  a^re  fiaN 
Duplicis  eft  generis;  aliud  extrinfece  lolum  aureo  eft  co- 
lore»  intrinfece  vero  albefcent.  oriciialco.magis  pallidum, 
rednens  veroperpetue  extrinfecum  ilium  aureum  colorcm, 

•  fl^^  P^ft  detritum  feroper  renovatar,  qvafi  auro  obduAum 
eflet  metallum;  tf/i»^  tarn  intrinfece  qvam  intrinfece  aureo 
eft  colore.  Utrumqve  praeparatur  k  cupro  &  zincv  vel  ori^ 
cbaleo  &  zstteo,  prius  tamen  illud  cum  additamento  pau* 
xilU  ftanni.  Hujusmodi  metalUca  mixtio  ut  obtineatur,  re- 

/  qviritur  imo  cuprum  optime  purificatum ,  &  ab  acidc;.'  ful* 

Jbureo  liberatum^ado  ^inrMi  purificatum,  five  oricbakum 
oUliter  ab  acido  futpbureo  liberatum ;  dtio  determinata 
proportio  zinci  vel  oricbalci  ad  cuprum,  nee  non  ftanni, 
ubi  illo  opus  eft,  4to  ut  mixtio  ita  perficiatur,  oe  detri- 
nenti  qvld  patiatur  malleabilitas.  De  bis  irlxturis  metal li- 
*cis ,  earutideroqve  prsparandi  roodis,  condili  poflunt  che- 
nici  &  metallurgi  inprimiSy  cfr.  Lewis  in  i%.  Cbem.  Abb. 
p.  400«  &c« 

Oif*^*  Plures  antiqviores  chemici,  zincum  ede  cmpqfitnm 
^ddamj  Cen  Mrtificiaie  metallum  ex  ftimarunf.  Charas  d'r- 
cit  id  ipfum  componi  kphmbo^  arfcnico  &  lapidc  caiaminari 
cum  tartaro  &  w'^o  coUiq^varis  ;  alii  k  fulpbure  vitt'toli  ru- 
hro  fixo^  fioribus  viridif  ctrtt  &  mercurh^  ad  cuprum  fufum 
admixtis;  dUi^  ut  Brombl,  ^b  urgentff\  flanne  ^&  cupro 
produAum. 

Sxadverfo,   alii  exiftiroaruot  zincum,  nonnifi  mttallum  aU- 
ffjod  mutatuM  effe,  vel  particularem  qvandam  Jpetitm  aii- 
cuius  mctM.     Glauber   &  Pomet  pro  fpecie  qvadam 
Tom.  IL  P  JPluM' 


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t%6  |X  (  o  )  M} 

plunibi  babaeruQt.Dubitoqvoqvaannon  HEi^cRtL  In  ea^ 
0em  fuerit  opinione«  ut  videcur  io  PyritoU  p.  571.  Le- 
UBKT  dicit  particularem  effe  fpeciem  wifmuthi  Teu  marcsji* 
Ue^  KuNCKBL  &  Cardilvcivs  noooid  cojtfguUtuni efle 
mercurium  cooteaduot  Helmomt  (ixatuoi  tSearfettieum 
puut.  Propius  yidetur  Veritatem  attigifle  Barbette  ia 
-  praxi  p.  4ft.  Ziocum  pro  particuUri  fpecie  Jlami  habeas, 
qvuin  nullo  cum  metallo  .  propius  couveniat  qvam  cuoi 
ftanno. 

Ziaeum  eonvenit  cum  flamo  (a)  Colore  (\f)  ♦  gravitate  fieciJUa 
fere  sqvali«  faltem  proxima,  {c)  fremhu^  Tub  deotibui, 
(d)  tacili  cotmubio  io  igae,  f e)  seqvali  indok  in  ipie^  ubi 
utraq  ve  hxc  mecalla ,  cercis  manipulacioaibus  flagrant^  At 
deiode  io  calcem  aibam  abeunt,  (f)  dttonatione  lorti  cum 
nitre,  {gj  hcxVi  JolubilitaU  ia  acidis,.&  ibi,  proaitat^  inge^ 
latindm  abeundi  tarn  praecipitatioae  qvam  evaporatione,(h) 
calcium  horum  mecallorum  difficili  fuGoae,  (ij  apqvaHpro- 
prietate  inetallf  reliqva  firagiliora  reddeadi,  (k)  xqvali 
fere  virtUte  matalla  Jiavo  tiogendi  colore^  bC  patet  ratioae 
Jlanni  io  Auro  mufiva^  ratione  zinti  in  ori^balco.  (1)  Qvod 
cuprum  aqvaliter  in  igne  i  Jccrificatione  defendere  poflintt 
unde  &  principium  inflammabile  bis  in  metallis  tere  aeqva* 
le  patet.  C^J  Qvod  deoiqve  utraqve  lanam  pbUofopbicam 
praebeaat ,  certis  Tub  conditioaibus  &  mixturis. 

Nemo  tamen  credat,  zincum  pro  partlculari  qvadam  fpecie 
ftaooi  habendum ,  fiqvidem  ,  ex  adverfo,  non  Tolum  plu« 
rimis  in  proprietatibus  difcr^paot »  Ted  &,  naturaliter,  ad 
Tuas  mineras  ita  diftindba  reperiitntur ,  ut  vix  veftigiiioi 
(lanni  in  mineris  ^inci ,  Vel  zioci  in  mineris  ftanni,  obfer* 
vari  unqvam  pocuerit,  aifi  rariflime  &  accidentaliter. 

Ohf^f,  Prsterqvam  ad  mixturat  metaUicas  indicaus  &  ui  ses 
rayi^rittin^  aliaqve  bujuimodi  meulla  compofita,  ufurpatur 
qvoqve  zincum  cum  aricbalco  mixtum  ad  gluten  metallicum^ 
Schlagloth.:  ^dffannum  magis  aibidum&  durum  reddendum^ 
atqve  in  medicii^  «bi  flores  &  vitriolum  album  fiiac  ufltau. 


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|W  (   O  )  W^  247 

$«      129. 

Ordo  4tu5. 

;;f^    M  E  T  A  L  L  A. 

V  Sveth.  Metaller 
Gall.  Metaux 
Gerna.  Metalle 

1.  Sunt  corpxjra  mineralia ,  dura,  fub  maHeo  duMia. 
a.   Nitorey  dum  pura  funt ,  gaudent    pecul;ari  metallico. 

3.  In  igne  fufibilia  ;  port  fufioneni  refrigerata  ;    coeunt  fu-  • 

pcrficie  convexa-  eandemqve  faciein    &   eundem    ni- 
toreni  fufcipiunt,  qvem  ante  fufionera  habuerunt, 

4.  Cum  terris,  lapidibus  aut  aliis  hetcrogencis  corporibus, 

fub  fufione ,    qvamdia   in  ftatu   metallico   puro   fubfi- 
ftunt ,  non  funt  mifcibilia. 

5.  In  igne    maxtme    fixaj    alia    citius  ,  alia  tardius;    alia 

non  calcinantur.  Qvae  calcination!  obnoxia ,  in  pri- 
ftinum  (latum  mecaflicum  &  nitorem  facile  reftitui 
-..^  poiTunt ,  dum  cum  inflammabiH  materia^  fub  fufione 
incorporantur ;  feu,  ut  chemici  loqvi  amant  j  redu- 
cuntur. 

<y«  Gravitate  fpecifica  rellqva  omnia  corpora  naturalia  fupe- 
rant,  inter  fe  licet  diverfa  gaudeant. 
OhJ.%,  Metalla,    qvae   hodie  conaumeranturTJp^^m,  commu- 
niter  In  nnbiliora   &   igaobiliora  dividi    folent-       Noh'liora 
metalla^  qvae  &  perfena  vocantur,  maxima    gaudent   i!;ra-  . 
vitate  fpecifica,  maxima  qvoqve  duftihtate  &   perfiften- 
tia  inaqva  aere  &  i;;ne,  ab^qve  fenlibili  mutatioiie- &  cal- 
cination© ,  fixa  etiam   in    cuptilla    fubfiftunr,     Hsec  olim 
Una  fueruat  numerata  ,  aurum  &  argentum  ,   recentior  vero 
aras  addidit  tertium,  pktinam  vocatnm ,    du(fti!kate    licet 
carere  videatur,    I^mbilia  metalla ,  qvae  imperfeEla  funt  ap- 
pellata  ,  paulo  minori  gaudent    gravit^ite   fpecifica ;    mi- 
nori   qvoqve  dudtilJtafe,  in   aqv^,    a^re   &   igne    citias 
vel  tardius  calcination!  reali    aut  apparenti    obnoxia ;    in 
cupella  non   fubfiflunt,     Hsc  funt  qvatuor  aota»   f'arrum^ 
cuprum^  flumhm,  Jiannum, 

P   »  IQ 


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In  re(]pefta  ad  Ubitm  in  igne  &  drntienif  6ce  metallt  In!trit 

{encTB  /kperioTA  dividi  folent.  im6^  MetMlla  dmrB ,  diffi<^« 
loria  fluxus«  poll  ig;QicioQ6iii  li^vefcentia ;  qv«  fuae 
ferrum  &  cufrttm.  ado,  MetaUa  moUta  (enflexiUora^  facilio- 
tis  flaxus,  ante  igaitioaem  liq^re^ceatia,  plumbum  &  j7a»- 
uuM^  3tio,  MiUlU  in  ignejixa,  oobiliora,  argentum^  fiunmf 
,pUuina. 

Ob/,  a.  Qvid  mineraaieealllca?  &,  q^d  matrix?  hoc  iodi- 
cavimoa  ia  Obf.n.  circa  reiainietaUa  ($•  1 14}« 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


tH  C  o  )  Kf  «49 

§.    130.     . 

I.      FERRUM.  Mars.  cen.  53. 

Svcth.'  JB^^ 
Gall.    F£R 
Germ.  Eisbn 

I.  Eft  colore  obfcure  grifeo  vel  ad  csBruleitatem  fnclinante, 
fraQura  nitens,  particalis  minimis  qvafi  filamento- 
fts  compofitam ;  reliqvis  tnetallis  minus  malleabilef  ea 
tamen  gaudens  du£lilitate;  ut  in  tenniffima  fila  trahi 
poffic;  maxima  vero  gaudet  etafiicUate  &  duritie^  ferro 
fiqviddm  aut  cbalybe  reliqva  omnia  metalla  fcindi  vel 
Imari  poflTunt;  infigni  qvoqve  praedicum  tenacitate^ 
aaro  proxima ,  ut  expertam  a  filo  ferreo  diametro  ^5 
poIU  llhen;  qvo  450  librs  fufpenfae  teneri  potuerunt, 
fine  ruptura.      Eft  qvoqve  fonoruw. 

ft.  In  aSre  &  aqva  rubiginofum  redditur ;  citius  vero  una 
ferri  Ipecies  qvs  magis  eft'  fulphurea  ,  qvam.  alia ; 
citius  qvoqve  loco  humido  qvam  ficco,  citius  in  aqva 
f^Ifa  qvam  pura. 

3»  GrauUate  fpecifica  eft  in  proportione  ad  aqvam  ut  7,649 
vel  8,000:;  i,ooo}  perdit  itaqve  f  vel  J  partem 
fui  ponderis  in  aqva* 

4*  In  igne  celcriter  rubet  &  ignitur ,  etiam  fine  igne ,  fo- 
lo  motu  &  attritu,  unde  ,  ab  hujusmodi  ignitione, 
verum  ignem  excitari  interdi^m  obfervamus  in  rem- 
Us  molendinarum  vel  curraum  celeriter  agitatis.   , 

{:•  In  flammam  candela^  carbonum  aut  Ugni  injeQa  lima- 
tura  ferri  amoene  fatis  ftUgurat  cum  fcintillatione  per* 
pulchra.  Hasc  fulguratio  etiam  obfervatur ,  dum 
fortiter  ignitum  aSri  celeriter  exponitur  vel  percuti- 
tur  auc  malleatur,  emittens  fcintillulas  fortiter  oculo^ 
fcrientes ,  vere  el^ricas ,  qvo  fimul  magna  pars  ferri 
abit    in  particulas    fqvamofas  nigras,     qvas     tritu- 

P  3  ra 

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a3o  tM  C  o  )  «* 

ra  fiunt  rubrs ,  &  rcipfa  funt  fefram  ad  partem  cal- 
cinatum.      '  ^ 

6.  m  (gfie  carbmum  luceitte^  qvamdia  ferrutn  Iiberum  ab 

aSione  aSris  &    venti  teoetur ,     tamdiu  immutatum  - 
permanet.     Idem  &  obfervatur,  diR    in  vafis   clan- 
lis ,  fordiliino  igni  exponitar  ,*  potius  hlnc  magis  pa« 
rum  &  pulchrius  evadit ,  qvam  calcinatur.  • 

7.  In  igne  forti  fufario  ^    mollcfcit  qvidcm  &  facilius  tra- 
,      labile  evadit ,  perfe£le  autem  per  fe  fiuens   &  liqvU 

dum  non  fit  y  nifi  fortiffimo  igne. 

8.  Ab  acido  vitridi  aqva  dilato  folvitur  cum  eflTervefcentia 

&  fumq  inftammabili.       Ah  hac  folotionc  obtinetur 
vitrioUim  viridc  ferri:    eft.  Sptc.  299.  V 

'9.  Ab  acido  nitri  &  aqva  forti  folvitur  magna  cum  cffcrvc- 
fcentia  &  calore,  qvaa  folutio  non  cryftallifabilis. 
-Rrri/tt/tfrurtula  vcl  reguli^  fi  in  aqva  forti  inuSt^ 
relinqvantur ,  per  temporis  qvoddam  fpatium,  |aciera 
{^  indolem  tnolybdaiha  fufcipiunt. 

10.  A  fpiritu  falU  &  aqva  regis  folvitur,  majori  vcl  mi- 
nori  effcrvcfcentia  pro  raiionc  puritatis  ferri  &  for- 
titudinis  fpiritus^  Solutio  fit  fiava  ^  non-  cryftalli- 
fabilis. 

11.  Ab  acidis  vegetabilibus  folvitur  ferrum,  accedente  co- 

Et\xu.     Cum  acetP  deJliiltUo  fit  folutio  rubra. 

12.  Omni  cum  metallo  &  femimetallo  eftmifcibile.  diffi- 
culter  licet  cum  plumbo  combinetur  ^  &  qvidem  non 
fine  manipulatione  qvadam  &  additaroento  flnoris 
nigri)  ut  prscavcatur  fcorificatio  &  facilitetur  fufio. 
Metalla  molliora  ab  admixto  ferro  fiunt  duriora 
&  ad  partem  fragilia.  Jfirfenicwn  &  anUmonium 
vim  magneticam  ferri    tam  attraQoriam   qvam  retra* 

^{loriam  toUunt ,  reliqva  autem  in  h4c  ferri  proprieta* 
te  nuUam  mutationem  infierunt.  Arfenicuntj  r^gu* 
lus    arUimonii^      cob(Utum^    niccolum  &  wifmutbum 

inti- 

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intimam  ac   plenum  cum   ferrp    ineunt     connexio- 
nem. 

43^«  Cum  mercurio  diflicillime  amalgamatur,    in  eodem  fi- 
qvidem  calcinatur. 

14.  Magmte,  qvi  eft  minera  ferri,  trahitur  fcrrum. 

Otf.  I.  i*€rr«mantiqvinimis  temporibus  fuilTe  noturo,  non  'n- 
ftruit  yV/osES  in  hiftoria  Tuhlcaini  &  alibi,-  Interea  tanien» 
noa  foIu:u  ab  antiqvis  moQumeatis  e  terra  eruus,  led  U 
ab  antiqvioribua  fcriptoribus  coaftar,  cuprum  ,  loco  ferri, 
dim  tuitFe  ufurpatum*  ad  varia  uteafUia,  tarn  la  oecono- 
inicis,  qvam  in  bello,  qva  circumftantia  fedufti,  nonnulU 
graeci  et  Utini  fcriptores,  exiftimarunt  cnpninKt'erro  priu» 
notum  t'uifl'e ;  unde  Lucp^etius  dicit :  ct  pri^tr  arir  eras 
qvam  fcrri  cognitut  ufus  atqve  Hesiodus:'  'tctA^co;  0  ipycf 
&vTOy  fjLsAai  ^'5k  sTKi  a-iSfj^o;^  h,  e.  csre  aperabuntur,  ni- 
grum nondum  ernt  ferrum.  Sed  nos  opinamur,  veram  cauf- 
-faro,  cur  aatiqvi  potius  cupro  cjvam  ferro  uti  lueriac,  in 
eo  conftitifTe,  qvod  partim  raajori  abuudantla,  penes  illos 
cuprum t'uerit,  p^r^/wqvodaotum  fibi  aon  habuen:ic,  qva 
ratione  ferrum  tradtandum,  iit  fiat  utile,  Ita  judicimus, 
qvum  vix  vlla  veftigia,  officinnt  ferrmat  rwilUitoriarr^p^i^ 
Graecos  wl  Romanos  fui(leex(lrijaa.<?,  inda^^re  p KUTimus  j 
ex  adverfo  autem  aotum,  eos  plurimum  cupri  obtinuUfe  a 
typro  &  aliis  locis, 

Ob/,2.  Ut  completa  obtineatnr  de  ferro  notitia.  obfervari de- 
bet maximam  ferrum  inter  dari  difTerentiam,  tarn  ratione 
minerarum  a  qvibus  excoqvitur,  qvam  circitm/lantiarum.qvPB 
ad  ejus  duftilitatem  obtinendam  obtervari  dcbent.  Hinc 
diftinguitur/erram  \n  fufim  &  ma!leatum\  s^tqve,  tdUowedu- 
Elilitalii ;  in  /errum  in  caniefc^ntia  malhihiie ;  ferrum  extra 
candefcentiam  malienbiiey  &  fcrrum  duElile, 

imo,  Fbrrum  fusum  appellitur,  qvod  fufione,  e  minerl^* 
fcrreis  admixtis  carbonibjs  ac  flaore  coa^nio  ex:oqvitur, 
durum  &  fragile,  anonnulUs  licet  miaeris  aliqv.*  cunn  dj- 
ailitate  obtineri  poteft, 

ado,  FERRUM  MALLBATUM  obtinetuf  abMrerata  ferri  fujt 
inter  carbones  fufione,  ac  repetiti,  inter  i?aitij;ies  mal- 
leatlone;  durum  qvidem,  omnia  metalja  duritie  fuperans, 
fimul  vero  plus  minus  mdkabiie,  in  i^ne  dilficulter  fluens. 
Hocterrum  malleatum,  ratione  dudiiitatis,  triplicis  Hi\ 
differentiae. 

P  4  ^^^ 


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131  ,  tx  C  o  ;  ►<$ 

A?  Ferrvm  CAxrnuM  sev  candbscentia  fragile; 
qvod,  dum  calore  ignis  rubet,  fub  maUeo  taciUime  traa- 
gitur,  frigidum  vero  malleabiliute  ac  tenacitate  gaudet 
maiori;  fciotillulas  fub  malleo  fpargit  mJximaa  &  treqvea- 
tiffimas;  iWiif/Jf^videtur  colore  obfouregrifeo^parum  m- 
tens,  pvticulis  non  filamentofls;  extrtnfece  plerumqve 
iraasverfis  fiflTuris  &  ntaculir  fufcir  vel  rubenttbut  pvTtdmta 
dl.  Provenit  hoc  f«rruai  i  roineris  pyn^^^oftf,  feu,  qva 
pw//iVoP/habeatadrperfas  particulas,  unde,y«/pM»^f  «  act- 
do  /ulpbureo  participant,'  facile   rubiginem  coutraftit. 

[b]  Fbrrum  frigidum,  Wn  ,  extra ^  canobscbntiam 
FRAGILE,  qvod  calore  ignis  rubens,  malleablle  &  bene 
cohaprens  eft;  frigidum  vero,  eft  fragile  &  io  partes  taci- 
le  difliliens.  Fraftura  hoc  ferrudd  \:olore  eft  caerulefcente, 
vel  magis  albido  ac  niteate  fere  arirenti  inftar,  particullf 
non  filaroentofis,,  fed  majoribuil,  ac  vttrea  fe re  f a cie  f plea- 
dens.  Provenit  hoc  ferrum  noa  ab  arfinico  adnaixto,  ut 
noanuUi  exiftimant,  hoc  etenim  uftulatioae  dilTiparl  pof- 
fet;  neci  terra  qvadm  non  metalUcci  admixta,  qvam  Inter 
non  entia  referendain /Opinamur,  fed  a  miaeris,  qvibus  Ar/f- 
th  principium  snflammabiU  naturale,  fcilicet  k  minerls  bamatitich 
&  lai:uftribuu  aliisqVe.  Hinc  duritie  gaudet  majori,  &,  oi 
dcfptlum  JUlpburit  ^   rubiginem  tarde  contrahit^ 

M  DucTiLB  Ferrum,  qvod  tarn  calidura  qyam  ftigldum, 
.  plus  minus  malleablle  exiftit,  absqve  filfuris ;  colore  eft 
grifdo  caruUfcenUf  particulis  minoribus  hnuginofii^  in  fra- 
Aura,  conftans,  Obcineturboc  ferrum  k  mineris,  qva 
maptete  prompte  trahuntur ,  qv»  ideoqve  ferrnm  natiwin 
continent. 

Obp,  3.  In  re(^eftu  ad  fufionem^  ferrifufores  noftri  mineral firri 
(lifting vere  folent  in  aridat  &  fufibilet.  . 

fa]  MiNERAE  FERREAK  ARrDAE  ,  dicuntur,  qva  per  ft. 
in  igne,  minus  tenuiter  &  perfefte  fluunt,  fed  opui  habeot 
aliartim  minerarum,  vei  caiearei  lapidis  auxilio,  ut  in  uftrlna 
perfefte  refolvi  poffint.  Ha  artd4e  miners  funt  vel  mineri§ 
attm^orUy  qva  magnete  trahuncur,  calcareo  tamen  lapide 
admixto  carent;  vel  inprimis  bematiticse  &  tetfejlrer^  qva. 
magnete  non  apahuntur,  &,  ferrum  prabent  minori  dufti- 
litate  &  tenacitate  praditum. 

[b]  MiNBRAB  FERRBAE  FusiBrLBS,  fine  a ddi tamen to  fufio- 
nem  fubire  poft'unt,  &  acidis  cum  mlneris  mixta  easdem  fe- 
cum  Infiuorem  redigunt;  nulla  ab  his  mineris,  pauciOimis 
cxcepti8»  magnete  trahuntur.  Ha  mineral  dupUcis  differentia; 

lia 


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tl!»  iptmbent  ferrum  catiium  fragiU  ;    ali«  •  ftmm  fflgiitm 
Jragile,  qvas  terri  diverfitates  &  it  qvibus  mioerU  obtio^aa- 
tur ,  nupec  iodicaviious. 

I.  FERRUM  nativum.  Spec.  321^ 

Ferrum  nudum  intra^abile.  v.  Linn6.   I^B^  i. 
Sveth.  GfiDiEGET  Jern 

Gall.  Per  natip  ou  viergb*     v^  De  Bom/ire.  269. 
Germ.  Gediegenes  Eisen 

Hoc  ferrum  nativum  non  ea  qvidem  eft  perfeQione, 
ut  ferrum  maUeatum ;  acccdit  vero  ad  naturam  Jerri  fufi^ 
magfiete  trahitur  &  fub  malleo  eft  du3ile. 

(a)  Ferrum  nativum  ,  cubicum. 
Repcritur  ad  Senegal  in   Africa  ^  ubi  ^  i  Mauritanis, 
plurima  ab   hoc  ferro  rudi   conficiuntur    vafa.    cfr. 
JUgm.  Reife.  T.  n.  p.  fio^ 
Rcfert  &  Bomarb    1.   c«  in   Mufaeo  Roublliaho^ 
Parifiis ,  fpecimen  hujus  ferri  nativi  reperiri. 

(b^  Ferrum  nativum  ,  in  granulii. 

Sunt  hac    granula  pleruraqve  flavefceniia ,    nifentia  & 

polyedrica,  politura  autem  colorem  ferreum  fufcipiunt 

b     Reperiuntur  in  Mifnia  juxta   Eibenftock    &  in  Stiria. 

Lehmann  dicit  haec  granula  confpici  pofle  in«Mufas6 

Marggrafpiano  ,   Berolini. 

Ohf.  Diu  difputatum  fuit ,  adhuc  &  dubitatur,  an  detur  in 
natura  ferrum  oativum  ?  Pateor  autem  me  vix  aliud  du- 
bitatiools  foadameotun;  apudauftoresadbuc  reperire  potuifld, 
qvam  avod  adeo  ratum  fit  repertum.  Sed,ut  extra  dubita- 
tionisaieampofitumeftf/^irfrfiiii,  non  forma  terreftri,  fed  me- 
tallica  &  vere  nativum,  vitrioh^  fyriu  nee  don  wunera  mar^ 
tis  nigra  mox  defcribends  re  vera  iuefle;  terra  namqve  & 
crocus  martis/' nee  acido  vitriolico,  nee  fulpbure  folvi, 
iDulto  minus  cum  iis  combinari  poteft«  hinc  exiftimaverim, 
Terrum  nativum  non  mineralifatum,  aliqvando  h  natura et« 
jam  praeftari  poffe,  licet  rarius.  Nullam  Ideoqve  video 
racionem  cur  ndes  probatia  auftoribus  deneganda,  duro  fimul 

P  t  indo* 


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iodolein  hu}u9  ferri  &  locum  natalem  Indleatit.  Exifltmat 
qvidem  ///^/Iti/d'HoI/Lbach,  ferrum  MtWwm  fsnegalenfe^ 
Vulcano  qvcTdam  efTe  ^liqvatum,  cfr^  Lehmahn  trsdu^^ 
T.  I,  fed  hoc  noimifi  hypothethice  dici  pQCeftt  &  dubito, 
ao  if^ae  Vulcani,.rioe  reduceote  macoria,  ferrum  eliqvari- 
poiBt,  Probe  aucem  obrervandum  fvadeo^  ne  alicubi  e- 
liqvatum  feu  tufum  tierrum  dicatur  nativum  £(  pro  nativo 
habe^tur.  ctr.  Stahii  ia  Ofufi.  psif^h  Hmb.  MM^a^im 
Vol,  VII.  p,  44U 

2.  FERRUM  mineralifatum  cryftdUfattms  Mii^iek\  F£R.Kt 

CRYSTALHSATA.  SpCC.    ^%'X. 

Ferrum  cryftallifatim  rd^aamum  folUarimK    v^  Linn6. 
Ferrum  cryftallifatum  rarat^rUm  (Of^ertum  adbarms.   t* 

LiNMQ   137-  3-^ 

Minera  ferri    cakiformU   pura^  indurata^  cryftaUifata^ 
Crokstedt-  ^05.  c^ 

Sveth.   CRtSTALLlSERAD  jBRNMALAf      ' 

Gall    Mine  db  Per,  CRTSTALus^e.   v.  De  BomaRi^*' 

270* 
Germ.  Crist ALt£t>R>nGBs  EisiSNBR2i 

Sunt  hujuspodi  m^tialesi  cryftalli  ^  figura  ofioSdrica^ 
alurainari)  aul  cubica,  colore^  utplurimun\  nigro  vel  grifeo 
caerulefcente;  tritura  &  rafura  pulverem  dairt  fufcum  aut 
nigrum  ,  ad  co|ififtent\am  durae  ^  magnctc  utpluriraum  at- 
traSiles  ^  faepq  veto  non  trahmitur  imprimis  qvae  cubica 
funt  figura ;  ferro  divites ,  und^  i  nonnuUis,  ut  ferrum  na-» 
tivum  funt  coufideraHtaB. 

(a)  Minera  Fbrri  cr yst alibis  at  a^  o&o^drica. 
Eft  figura  aluminarl  ^  colore  nigro  ,   magneto  attraftilis, 
Norberg  in  Weftmamia.     Bajinas  in  Dakcarlia.     L<h 
timingia.     Persberg  in  IFermelandia.     • 
(b")  Minera  Ferri  crystallisata,  cuhica. 
.  Siberia.     Saxonia^  Si  Lapponui  Pitpeaenfi^      Utce. 
(^c)  MiNBEA  Ferri  crtstallisata,  aHoedrica^  mica 
teda.    Tesser;^  micacea. 

Sunt 


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Sunt  cryftalU  martiales,  mica  cefls^  hinc  extrinfece  cd« 
lore  grifeo  apparent,    magaete  [  tamen  attra£liles.  Falh 

lun  in .  DalecaHia. 

g.  FEERUM   mineralifatum  ^  minera  ferrutn  attrabente  (f 
polos  mundi  oftendente.      Magnes.  Spec.  323. 

Lapis  berctUeus.     Platonis.  Lapis  Lyiim^  HEsycan. 
Lapis  Jyderites.  '  .-  : 

Ferrum  attraStorium.     v»  Linng    141.  27. 
Fernim  miner alifatupt ,  minera  ferri  attractoria.      Cron- 

STEDT.   m,  *  .  ^ 

\   Svech.  Magnet.     Segelsten?      Magnetise  Jern- 
¥       Malm 

^    Gall.   ArWA^T.       V.    DK  BOMARE,    ^77, 

*zr  Germ.   Magnet  .-*-•.• '^^ '.'••        •*   *  J:'^  j 

Eft  minera  ferri  qvae  vi  niagnetica ,  hoc  eft  ^  ferrum 
aut  limaturam  ferri  atcrahence  &  repellente  ,  atqve  polos 
niundi  refpiciente ,  gaudet,  textura  diverfa,  folida  ,  gra- 
nularl  vcl  fqvamofa;  colore  et  diverfo  ,  de  cactero,  irt 
omnibus  proprictatibus  cum  mineris  ferri,  inprimis  cum 
minera  ferri  nigra  conveniens, 

(a)  Magisjks,  colore  nigrefcente y  coDipaUus. 

~Ex  hac  varictate  optimi  magnetes  haberi  folent.   Gagnef 
J       in  Dalecarlia.     Lapponia.     Siberia.     India.        ^\     \ 

(b)  Magnes  ,  colore  ferreo ^  granularis, 

Conftat  raajoribus  vel  minoribus  granulis  feu  particulis, 
Kcerr '  Grufvan  ^   Norberg  in  IVeHmannia^     Saxonia* 

(c)  Magnes,  colore  fufca  vel  rubente. 

Videtur  qvafi   ochra  tinftus,  vocatur  a  Plinio.    Ma-^ 
gnes  h(smatites.     Mexico.     India. 

(d)  Magnes,  colore  albicarUe. 

Hie  omnium  leviffimus ,  Ob  immixta  forfan  heteroger 
nea«     Mexico. 
Ohf.  1.  De  W  magnitsa  hojus  miners  pbylici  conAili  pof- 
fuot.  Hoc  loco  id  folum  iadicare  yoiumus,  qvod  monti- 

f  COlSB 


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colsooRri  aliiqve  obrenraruot,  fcHieet,  ft)  miners  firtS 
nifratf  mox  defcribeodas,  verfus  ifica»  montium,  feu  pro- 
pius  ad  ruperficiem,  fuis  in  veais  fortius  &  maps  efieroa* 
eneticas,  qvatn  in  profundioribus  locis.  lo  Gagnefia  Hm^- 
betget  In  Dalecarlia  hoc  eft  obfer^atum*  Gmelin  ialtm. 
Sikerico.  cfe  McrkwUrd.Rcifeif.  T.VII.  p,  344-  &c.  comn 
memorat,  in  monte  Sibehco,  qvi  nomen  habec,  ma^nimon'- 
its  msgnetui  t  optmot  magnetes,  noo  qvidem  in  ipfa  fum* 
nitkte  moncis,  lied  mox  fub  apice,  ad  8  perdcarum  pro- 
funditatem  reperiri,  iaab,  eorunaem  latera  mufco  vel  liche- 
re  tefta,  a^i  exporica,  fortiori  vi  magnetica  gaudcre,  q^^m 
latera  qvae  in  terrk  fepulca  fuerunt^  Idem  referc  de  alio 
monte  magnetico,  I.  c,  p.  413;  nee  non  dc  moate  BlMga^ 
dat^  1.  c.  p.  4tto.  An  ergo  •  ab  agre  &  eleHrica  nuteria 
miners  ferri  bane  vim  magnerieam  fibi  communicatam  ob- 
tinentl  [b]  Minerat  ferri  grifiat^  meaetaf  &  hfmMHticat 
turn  magneticas  inveniri,  qvum  in  confiniis  pjriurum  lo* 
cum  naealem  obtiiiuentnt.  Sic  in  Narwegia  ad  Sand(%)er 
eft  obfervatom*  Hinc  inter  mheraseupri  non  raromagne* 
tes  reperiri  folent  An  hinc  ulterius  patet«  ab  eleSrica 
mattfU^  qvam  nonnlfi  fubtilitate  k  (blpburea  diftinftam  efle 
arbitramur,  banc  vim  magneticam  depeaderey*  Cc]  Qfod 
mintra  magnetica  fruftula  majora,  pluriGki  magaecibbt  flriU 
iioribus,  qvi  fuos  polos  in  alia  direftione  obtlaaeruiiC» 
/  Tint  fspe  compo(ita«  Hujusmodi  fruftula  majoii^  fi  iaofoni 
trahenda,  turn  prius  tot  in  magnetes,  limtaut  (brra  divi- 
di  debent«  qvot  majns  fruftulum  diverfof  habet  jpo- 
los«  [dj  Qvod  v}%  magnetiea,  qvae  his  mineris  ineft,  ferro 
mdlleato  &  chalyb'u  fola  affijcattoqe  rite  inflttiita,  comoiu-^. 
nicari  poteft. 

Ohf,  t.  Dc  magnete  feqventes  confiill  poffuat  aaftores.  L 
Taisnerus  de  natutA  msgnetii  1538.  J.  Oilbbrt  de 
Magnate  t6Qo.  Chr.  llEfNrcKli  diflert.  dr  nfognetu  mA 
utrumqve  polum  cnnverfione  1606.  NiC.  Cabei  Pbilofopbts 
Magnet.  i62g.  J.J.  ScHWEiHARDf  art  magnetiea  i6|I. 
].  R.  Saltzmann  Diff.de  lapide  berculeo  feu  de  Msguete 
'1648.  Ath.  KiRCHERl  magnet  t6^t.  J.  P.  iEMiLii  ie 
magneticorum  motione  invi/ligdtio  1650.  Nic,  K;.bin  Dtffl 
de  Magnete  1660.  V"f*NC.  Lkauteiti  Magnetologia  i668, 
Fk.  ScHAR^irr  Diff.  Miraculum  Nature. magnet.  1674.  V. 
VoLDBR  Diff.  de  Magnete  r«77.  J.  C.  Letschius  de 
Magnete  1679.  J.  V.  Flach  Differt.  de  Magnete  itf83t 
Th.  ZwiNGiiR  Differt.  de  Mas^nete  168$.  Vkl.  Schbid 
IMffert.  de  Magnete  itf83.  D' A  lance  Traite  dePaimawt 
1687.   J.  ]•  Spener   de  Magnate    etrores  variorum    1693. 

Mia- 

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ix  (  o  )    «i  »37 

MuteHBNBRaECK    Dijf.    di  AtagnCU^     J*    BABT.SCAREI.LiV 

.   di  Magmti  L,  W.  1759. 

4.  FERRUM  fidphurt  infenfibtliur  mineralifatum ,     f^fnera 

.^      nigricante^  tritura  nigra,  magmti  arnica.       Miner  a. 

Fkrri  nigra.  Spec.  324^ 

Minera  ferri  atra  retraHoria,      Cronstedt.  2  ii. 

Sveth*  Swart  Jernmalm.     Swartgra  Jernmaliu 

Gall.    Mine    de    Fer    noiratre.     v,  De  Bomarb^ 

275. 
Germ.  Schwarzes   Eisenerz,     Schwauzgraues  Er- 

SENERZ 

Eft  minera  gravis  ipfo  ferro  obfcurior ,  colore  fcili- 
cct  nigro  vel  nigricante ;  tritura  &  rafura  obfcurum  fen 
nigricantem  prsebct  pulverem ,  rudis  magnete  facile  tfahi- 
tur,  calcinatione  vix  ullum  fenfibilem  fpargit  odorem^ 
colorera  qvoqve  vix  mutat,  nifi  qvod  nitorem  perdac ;  in 
matrice  calcarea  pleruraqve  hofpitans ,  parum  cum  aqva 
forti  eiFervefcere  folct.  Ferrum  a  50  usqve  ad  go  pro 
ccntenario  continct  optlme  duftile. 

(^a)  MiKERA  Ferri  NIGRA , /o^W^.       '*'         ^  ^ 

Ferrum  retraStorium  nigrans,  fubfcintillanSy  compaEtiJfimtim^ 
V.  L1NN6.  137.  4. 

Eft  textura  chalybea  ,  colore  obfcuro  aut  nigrefcente^ 
dura,  ad  chalybem  aliqvo  modo  .  fcintillans ,  forti- 
ter  ignita  aliqvam  fubire  potcft  malleationem,  Jedel* 
fors  in  Smolandia,  Narberg  in  Wefimannia.  Ormber^ 
get  in  Dalecarlia. 

OhJ^  NonnuUibl   reperitur  haec  varietas ,    tritura    rubent^  ut 
obfervavit  Cronstedt.  §,  413, 

Cb)  MlNERA  FERRI  NIGRA ,  particuHs  nttens. 
Ferrum  retra£torium  nigrans^  particulis  fuhimpalpabilihus^ 
fiHdifcens.    v^  Linn6.  137.  g. 
Ferrum  retraStorium   nigrans^   mamoris.     v.  Lin^n^^ 

Eft 

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Eft  mincra  nitcns  particulis  jam  minoribus  jam  paulo 
inajoribus,  minus  dura.  Darmemora  &  in  plerif<ivc 
fodinis  fends  Svccicis. 

(c)  MiKERA  Ferri  nigra  J  grmulaHs. 

Ferrum   fetraHorium  nigrans^    particulis  areriaceis.     v. 

Ferrum  retraSorium  nigrans^  parHculis  fubgranulatU  ina^ 
qvalibus.     v^  Linn^  i38»  io. 

tft  fatis  vulgaris  hcic  in  Svecia  mincra  ,  majoribus  aut 
minoribus  granulis^  arftius  vcl  taxius  combinatis^ 
compofita^  unde  in  granula  fub  percuflione  abit^ 
Bitsberg  &  ffik  in  Dalecarlia.  Karr^Grufvan  in 
*  Weflmannia.  Ollerbeck  in  Smolandia.  Staf  in  Suder^ 
mannia^  Hafwero  in  Rofl^gia.  Jonuswahdo  in  Lap^ 
ponia  (fc. 

(d)  MiNKRA  Ferri  nigra,  teffulaHs. 

Ferrum  ottraEtorium  nigrans  ^  particulis  rbombeis^  v. 
Likn£.  137.  6. 

Haec  aliqvando ,  tcffulis  nitcntibus  compofita  ,  tritura 
rubct,  Aremlablin  Norwegian  fopius  vcro,  particu- 
lis rhcJmboidalibus  aut-cubicis,  tritura  nigris ,  con- 
ftat.  fHk  in  Dalecarlia.  Uto.  Staf  in  Sudermm- 
nia.     Storberg  in  fTeJlmannia. 

(c^  MiNERA  Ferri    moKA^  fpecularis. 
Gaudct  in  imo  latere  intcgra  fupcrficie  polita,    fpcculi 
inftar  nitente.     Dannemora. 

f .  FERRUM   mineralifatum^  minera  obfcure  fufca^  Juligi^ 

nofa  ,  tritura  nigra,  magmte  non  attraUilis*  Miner  a 

Ferri  fulicinosa.  Spec.  315* 

Ferrum  intraHabile  nigrans,  particulis  granulatis    Qpacis. 

V,  Linn6.   I4I*  14. 
Sveth.  Brun,  SOTIG  Jernmalm 
GalU  Mine  de  Fer  fuliginbuse 
Germ.  Braunus  russiges  Eisenerz 

Eft 

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fc^  C  o  -)  «$  %i9 

Eft  hffic  mincra  a  reUqvis  omnibus  ferri  mineris  fa- 
cile difcernibilis,  proxime  vero  ad  ancecedcntem  fpectem 
accediti  colore  ell  nigro  feu  obfcure  fufco ,  particulis  feu 
granuUs  qvafi  fuligineis  compofita  ^  fed  absqve  nitore  nii- 
nerali  vel  luetallico ,  ea  tatnen  dufitie  ut  vitrura  fcindat ; 
tritura  &  rafura  pulverem  dat  higricantcm;  calciilatione  hc- 
paticum  fufcipit  colorem,  nuUumqve  odorem  fulphuris  fa 
ve  arfenici  fpargat ;  inagnete  Hon  trahitur.  Ferrum  conti- 
net  ad  32  &  ulcra  pro  centenario,  Taberg  in  Smolandia. 
Ubi  integer  mons  hac  minera  cor^ftat, 

Obf,  An  &  in  q^/antum  hue  referri  pofTit  Germanorum 
branner  Eifenjlein  &  dunkMrauner  Eiftnjlein^  dicere  aaa 
poiliiin. 

65  FERRUM  miner alifatum  ^  minera  grifea ,  feu  alho  cc^ru^ 

lefcente^  tritura  rubra;  magnete  fefraUaria.     Minera 

FeRri  grisea.  Spec^  325^ 

*'     Mnera  ferri  cakiformis  ^  pura^    induratay    colore  ferreOy 

Cronstedt.  203.  r. 

Sveth.   Gra  JernmaLm.     Grabla  JernmalM^^ 

Gall.  Mine  de    Fer    d'uk    oris    de  cendr^.     v. 

De  Bomare,  273. 
Germ.      Grauer    Eisenstkik.      Graublaulichter 

ElSENSTEIN 

Eft  hsec  mincra  colore  albo  caerulefcente  feu  ferreo, 
gravis ,  tritura  &  rafura  pulverem  dans  rubrum,  qvem  co- 
lorem  &  calcinatione  fufcipit;  unde  a  nonnullis  ad  mine* 
ras  hcematiticas  connumeratur ,  qvum  &  wagnete  non  tra- 
hatur,  nifi  alicubi  immixtas  habuerit  particulas  minera  fer* 
n  nigra  raagneti  arnicas ;  plerumqve  dura  ,  ad  chalybem 
fcintillat,  rare  in  matrice  calcarea  hofpitans;  potius  la 
qvarzofa^  unde  a  ferrifufonbus  ad  mineras  ferri  aridas  re* 
ferri  folet.  Ferrum  ad  40,  60  &  ultra  pro  centenario 
continct. 

(a)  Minera  Ferri  gkuex^  folida^ 
Grifeo  eft  colore,  fed  absqve  nitentibus  particulis,    ad 
chalybem  fcintillat ,  inagnete  non  trahitur,    Hifpania. 

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340  J>^Co)rtJ 

(b)  Miner  A  Fbrki  grisea,  partkutu  micans^ 
FerrumfubretraStmumf  rubric  ofum^  partiadU  impalpa- 

bilibus  ,  nitidis^    v.  Linn6  139.  15^ 

Eft  frcqvcns  minera,  particulis  mininiij  fqvaraofis 
aut  accrofis  gtifcis  nitens;  picrumqve  Integra  magne- 
tc  non  attraftilis;  interdum  vero  particulis  compofi- 
ta  aliis  magnetc  attraSibilibus,  aliis  non;  tritura  pul- 
verem  rubentcra  praebet,  etiara  rafura  humida.  Nora 
in  plurimis  fodiQis.  Lerbeck  in  Nericia.  Norberg. 
SSderberke  in  Dalecarlia. 

(c)  MiNERA  Ferri  GRiSEA,  gromdota. 

Eft  granulis  qvafi  arcnaccis  ,    majoribus  vel  minoribus 
corapofita.     Ncrbtrg^     Grange  in  Dakcarlia. 

Cd)  MiNERA  FfiRRi  GRiSEA,  tejfularis. 
Teffulis  feu  rhorabis  grifeis  nitentibus  ,  plus  minus 
ordinatis  &  diftinftis  eft  corapofita ,  in  fraQura  fem- 
per  inftar  ferri  politi  nitens ;  interdum  cum  fuperficie 
plana ,  qym  tamen  iransverfis  lineis  fe  fecantibus  in 
rhombos  divifa  confpicitur;  adchalybcm  femper  fcin- 
tillat,  rafura  rubet*  Norbefg.  BUsberg  in  Dale^ 
carlia.     Gellivara  in  Laponia. 

ft)  MiKERA  Ferri  cthi^e a^  fpecularis. 
Proxime  cum   antcccdcnte  varietatc  convcnit,  ab*^- 
demqve  nonnifi  fuperficie  polita^  fpeculari  eft  diftin&a^ 
ad  chalybem  fcintiUans.     Bitsberg. 

(f)  MiNERA  Ferri  grisea  ^  Jiellata.    Minbra  Ple- 

JADUM. 

Ferrum  retraSmum  nigrans^  macuUs  rhombicis  minerm 
ferri  infperjis.  v.  Linn6.  ^37»  5- 
Eft  minera  corapofita  fen  mixti,  k  minera  ferri  gri-' 
fea  particulis  micante^  qvas  a  roagnete  non  trahitur 
&  rafura  rubet  ^  cui  infperfie  funt  tefful^B  feu  fqvamur 
la  nigricantes ,  qvaB  magnete  bene  trahuntur  &  pul- 
verem  dant  nigrum.  Vocatur  haec  minora  k  men* 
*     ticolis     Svecaois,     Siufiicrm  *  Malm  ^    h.  e.  minera 

Plda-    / 
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(X  (  O  )  «|  241 

^  Pkiadum ,  apparent  enim  teffulse  feu  fqvamulas  id  mi* 
nera  fpariae  ,  ut  ftellae  iu  coelo.  Norberg  in  IVkiJi- 
mannia.     Grange  in  Dalecarlia. 

7.  FERRUM  mineralifatum  y    mnera  c(erulefcente  ^     tritura 

rubefite  aut  nigrefcente^  magneti  vel  arnica  vel  refraHa-* 

ria,      MiNERA  Ferri  caeulescens.     Spec.  327^ 

Svcth.  Bla  Jernmalm:     Blaaktig  Jernmalm 

GaA.  Mine  de  Per  bleautrb.        v.    Dfi  Bomarb. 

Spec.  a74. 
Germ.   Blaulichtcs  Eisenerz 

Colore  eft  caeruleo ,  clialybis  fere  aut  ferri  in  ignc  co- 
lore csruleo  tia£li ,  altiori  aut  debilicM'i  ^  idqve  non  fo- 
luni  fuperficialicer  fed  &  intrinfece  in  fraQtira;  tritura  dat 
pulverem  plerumqve  rubrum  ,  aliqvando  nigreft entew, 
magneti  refradarium  vel  attra^lileiuj  calcinatione  rubet  aut 
fufca  redditur^  &  vix  uUuiu  fpargit  odorera,-  plus  rainusv 
ad  chaly^bem  fcintillat^  in  plurimis  itaqve  cum  priori  fpe*  , 
cic  convenit  propriecatibus  j  ferrum  ad  50  vel  do  pro 
centen*  contmet. 

(aj  Miner  A  Ferri  carulescens,  partictdis  wicans. 

Langbansbyttan  in  fTermtlandia^  Mos  •  GrufvaninJ^ftro- 
gotbia.     Langfchier  in  Roflagian   Svappawara  in  Lap* 
pmia.     Hes/lekuUa  in  Nerida. 
(b)  MiNERA  JFerri  cjrrulesceks  ,  granularis. 
Uta  in  Rojlagia.       Vfbtrg.  in  OJiivgotbia.      Bitshtrg. 
Gellivari  in  Lappenia. 

(t)  MiNERA  Ferri  carulescens,  teffula/is. 
Magneto  non  trahitur ,    ad  chalybem  fcintillat,   radiis 
folafibus  obvcrfa ,  plerumqve    diverficolor     j^er  in 
Sudermannia.     Grange  Ormherget.     DalkarUberget  in 
Nora.    CelUvari  in  Lapptmtn. 

Cd)  MiNERA  Ferri  carulescens^  lameUofa. 
Ferrum  intraHabUe  ^   rubrican^^  Jqvtmis  fublaminojii  ati 
rulefcentibus.    v.  Linn^.  140,  19^  ^ 

fern.  II.  Q  Gran- 


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«4*  IX  )  o  C  »<1 

CrMge  in  JDalecarlia.      Tolfta  in  Camatia.    GelUvart 
in  Lappmia. 

Obf.  I.  Qvae  heic  defcripts  fiint  minew,  non  omnes,  primp 
intuitu,  caeruleo  apparent  colore,  fed  nonnulls  fete  gii* 
fese,  .aliae  nigrefcentes,  ab  iisdem  yero  funt  h«  miners  di- 
flinftae*  non  folum  fua  imhU^  qvaiomnino  a  didis  mU 
lieris  difcrepant «  fed  &  colore  feniper  ad  caRDleum  incli- 
nante  ubl  accuradus  inl)picauntur.  Plurinueyero  prime  in- 
tuitu Ibnt  esrules. 
Obf.  2.  Colorem  aeruleum  exiftimat  HbkckeIt   in  Cbem.  Re* 
,    (Uv.  p.  95*  dependere  ab  exhalatione  vel  a  commixto  la- 
pide,&  hinc  tales   mineras  tantum  ad  -fiiTuras  roontium 
vel  venarum  reperiri,  fed  notandum  qvod  liujusmodi  mi- 
ners fe  aliqvando  per  totam  venam  extendanr,  iifqve  iq 
locis  reperiantur  ubi  nulls  apparentes  funt  fidurs. 
J.  I^ERRUM  mineralifaium ,    minera  micacea ,  Jqvamofa^ 
colore  grifeo  feu  ferreonitens  ,    trituta  ^butnida  rttbra^ 
Mica,  ebrrea^  Spec.  318* 

JMka  ferrea  livida.    M»  R. 
Fermm  iraraHabile  rubricans^  micaceum  ^  nitens.  v.Lik- 

Minera  fetri  calciformU  pura  indurata^  fqvamofa.  Cron- 
5TEDT.  aoj.  d. 

Sveth.  ElSBNGLlMMfeR.    ElSBKMA^K 

Gall.  ^IlKB   DB   FbR  MlCACt^e  OU   MiCA  F£R|^Ut;lNEUX. 

V.  De  Bomarb.  18 1.  I. 
Germ.  Eisbkglimmrr.    Eisek<$lan2 

£(1  fqvamis  majoribus  vel  minoribus^  colore  ferfeo 
aut  nigrefcente ,  tii^ntibus  compofita ,  magnete  raro  attra^' 
3ilis^  litplurimum' intraQibilis ,  tritufa  Iiumida  ubivis  ru<- 
bens  ^  plus  minus  dura ,  ptro  diverfitate  matricis ,  aliqvan- 
do inter  digitos  frangibilis ;  cakinata  rubet^  nuUumqvo 
fenftbilem  odorem  emittit^  eadem,  de  castero^  natura  cum 
wima  ferri  grifea. 

(a)  Mica  Ferri,  livida* 

Grifeo  csrulefcens.    Narrbcrki  in  Dalecarlia.   Rekaklint 
in  HelftngU.    Saxonia. 


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t«  (  O  )  Kj  A49 

iCb)  Mica  F£&tii^  rt^rj, 
Mtjoribtts  fqvamttlis  ^  magnete   attriQilis.       Cdlebick 
in  iVbrio^i0» 

9.  FERRUM  mineralifatum  duriffimum ,  particulis  duriffimti 
sc&rojisf    tritura   fufca   aut  rubtnU,    Smxeib.p. 

Rrrum  ntraSt^rium  rubrUofum ,  vftrnsm  arms.    v.  Lnr« 

n6.  139.  17. 
Minera  ferri  retraSioria^   trihara  rubra.     Cromitsdt* 

213.    2.  / 

Syeth.  Smbrobl 

Gall.  Emeril  ou  Embri  ,  ov  Pibrrs  d'Eicb&k    ▼• 

D«  Bom  ARE.  18  8  • 
G£nn«  Smirpbl 

Eft  mlnera  ferri  omnrnm  eompa^ffinu  &  duriffimt^ 
particulis  fabtiliiSmis  acerofis  nitens,  colore  nigrefeente^ 
cinereo  vcl  falco,  tiitura  rubens,  utplurimum  magnete  at* 
tradilis^  interdum  vero  magnetem  refpuens ;  fab  catcina- 
tione  fit  fufca  aut  rubeni  &  fortius  indurefcens;  vitrum 
fere  adamaneis  inlur  exarat  &  fcindit^  duriffimo^qve  lapi« 
dcs^  adamante  racepto^'  deterit. 

(a)  Smiris  nicrbscbks.     Smiris  fbrrea/ 
Colore  eft  nigricantej  miners  ferri  nigrefcentU  inftar^ 

debiiiter  vero  vel  non  oitens ;  magnete  attraQilis, 
tricura  rubens,  fub  calciRatioDe  fulpbunuwi  fpiraus 
odorem.     jinglia.    Cracovia.    PiOaftina. 

(b)  Smiris  cimrea,  folida. 

Colore  eft  ferreo  ,  gravis  ,  compaCbl  ^     duriiTima  ,    ma* 
gnete  non  attraQilis ,  diflicillimc ,  ob   duritiem^  pal*' 
verifabilis.  jlnglia  in  infulis  CtrfHs  (a  Crenfiii* 
<c)  Smiris  grifea^  lamiUofa. 

Eft  minus  dura ,  minimis  particulis  nitens»    Angliu. 
(dj  Sn\BLi%  rubins  vel  fufca.    Smiru  cupr^a* 

Q  a  ^         Prio- 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


244  fWC^  )  «t 

Frioribus  varietiitibus  mollior,  ideoqve  ad  f^lHis^ni 
'ineptior  ^(fl/pfrfi  rubcnti  9Uin  immixtis  particulis  ni- 
tehtibus^  baud  KiifTiiDiliSt  Potofi  &  Peru  in  ^mcri'- 
ca.     Hijpania. 

ObJ.  Hscminera  qvamvis  non  adeo  pauper  ferri  ubivia,  ut 
'  lOnQulIi  exiflimiiQC,  vix  uUibi  tame  a  ad  ferrum  ab  ea 
cbtmcndum  adbiberi  folet,  uode  inter  mineras  ftrtiinufi^ 
l/irtf/connuineratd  hiit,  qvuiDt  majori  cum  lucro  ufurpa- 
tur  .in  teouiilimucD  pulverem  redafta ,  ad  polituram  Qie* 
talloriira,  lapldum  &  vitri,  Fit  autem  baec  pulvehfatio 
in  ^loco  natdii,  \vkmolend\nts  bunc  in  finem  exftrudis,  qvum 
QOnaiii  ditficulter  concufione  qvadam  in  tenuillimuni  pul- 
verem redigi  poflit.  Pulverifata  minera  &  abbeteroge- 
neo  lapide,  utplurimum  ]aJpidoJb  aut  qvarznjb  per  loturan 
feparata  &  purificau  ia  commeicium  venit  ad  uOim  la^ 
dicaturo,        • 

lo,  FERRUM  ochracmm  miniralifatim .  mtnefn  niffr  efcen^ 

•ie,  .plerumqve  tejiacea  aut  figurata^  tritura  rubra  ^  ma^ 

^'  gneti    rejraRaria.     Hmu  a  t  i  t  es    migresceks. 

Spec,  3  30« 
Schi/lus  ferreus.     NoKNULLonuM.^Tr  ,.^  ^i: 

Haematites  nigrefcem.     Cronsteet.  204*  ^^^ 

Sveth,  Swart  Glasropf.      Glaskovf      •  '    • 

Gall.  Hematite  noiratre.  Ferret  p'Espagk^; 
Germ,    Schwarzer  GLASKOi-F  f, 

HsBc  minera  recenti  fraQura »  facie  fere  vitrea  feu  fi- 
licca  ,  vimns  ferri  vitrea  nomen  ideo  obtinuit;  flruHuram 
utpluriiuum  atFeftans  teftaceam  zut  fibrofam  ^  exindc  fchijli 
ferret  nomen  ell  adepta;  colore  grifco  cjerulefcente,  nigri- 
cante  aut  obfcure  fufco  ,  tritura  dat  pulverem  rubrum,  un- 
de  &  Ob  llruQurara  indicatam  fibrofam  inter  hamatitas  con- 
numerata  fuit ;  ad  confijtentiam  maxime  dura,  feepe  ad 
chalybem  bene  fcintillans  ,  unde  ad  polituram  metallorum 
utilis,  fed  fimul  fragili:^,  ponderofa,  miti  calcinatione  qvafi 
fqvamofa  apparens ,  rudis  magnete  non  attraftilis;  ferrum 
irigidum  fragile  praebet  ad  60  vel  70  pro  cencenario* 
(a^  HiiiMATiTKS  ji^iCB^^cum  J  foiidus* 

Eft 


1 


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Eft  qorapa^s  ^  durus  ^  ad  flru&uram  Intrmfccara  facie 
'^"^    >el  filkea    vel  fubtiliffima^  terrea,     plcruraqvc    cum 
rubedine  qvadam  aut  mixtus  aut  tinQus  ,    utplurimum 
ad  chalybem  fcincillans;  in  venis  &  llratis  glandula- 
Jin  ^fvto^     fFeltilf^^rget  in  Dalecarlia.     Alnce  in 
-'^^A^fiaiia    '  Tan  in  Norwegia.  .  " 

(h)  Hamatitesnigkescens,  ){iro/My.  • 
Fibris  fea.j  pyriiaidibmj ,  ^  peripheria  ad  centrum  con- 
•    currentibus,  compoficus.     Saxonia..         -         , 

.!(0,   HEMATITES    mGKE^CBlSiS  tUrritUS.     H^eMATITES 

*^      nigrescens  Eci^inatus. 

^  *  Conftat  pyramidibus  (Upr^  bafia    cre&is  &  feparatis. 

^  Siberia.         .  '  v    ^ 

Cd)  Hi»MA.TiTES  NiGREscENS  ^  bemifpbaricus^  f 
.^;£ft  vel  teftac€u$,  cruftis  compofitus,    vel   protubcran- 
tiis  raamillwbus   prn^tus.*      To/cana  in  Italia.     Le^ 
tbarpigU. 

.;(c)  hematites  NIGRE8CENI,    globuhris. 

Jp  globulos  diYcrfa^  magnitudinuconcretus,  qvi  cxtrin- 

fece  funt  nigreC'ences  &  fplendcntcs ,  intrinfcce  veto 

^C^el  ftriari  vel  facjie  vitrca  aut  ^licca,  folidi^   de  cae- 

tero  globulU  pyrUicofisi  fimUe?      Lombardia. 
CO  Hamatites  NiGRE^CEtrs,  braEteatm^  Mtdaris^ 
Lamellis  compofitus  tenuioribuf  vel  craflioribus ,  ere** 
dis ,  fe  invicem  fecantibus  ^    unde  cavitates  ^     ut  m 
favo   apuni ,    formantar,      Afo/Z  -  Grufvan  ^   Norberg^ 
Rauboive  in  Lappoma^ 
Obf.  Videuir  haec  miaera  eataaus  aiiqvfrm  crrai  fmrride  conve* 
nientiam  baberet  qvatenus  palyia  hujiis  mi  jerae  ad  poIU 
.turam,  qvae  reqyirit  majorem  partlcuUrum  <iu  itiem,  ad- 
•  hibcri  folet.    Hlhc,  nl  fallor,  ferret  d'Efpagne-    Aliqvando 
baec  minera  pulverifafa  ^aqvis   mixta,  triplici    Jipparet 
colore ;  albo  rubra  ^  nigra  ab  hqtecogcpeis  admixtls,  qvo 
cafu  a  nonaullis  tricbrus  appelUtur. 

II.  FERRUM  ocbraceum  mineralifatum  9  minera  rubra;  du- 
ra^ utplurimum  figurata  y  .  magneti  TeJroStaria.  He- 
matites ruber*  Spec.  33  » 

Q  3  Hemar 

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»4«  r><r©5Ki 

Ferrum  intraUabiU   rubricans ,  gUmiuloJkm^  fr4!gmemii 

concentricis.     r.  LttntL  140.  at* 
Hamatitts  rubir.     Ckonstbdt.  aoy. 

Syeth.  Bloostek 

GalK  Hbmatit£  rougb  m  Mim  db.  Tzk  Bouas* 

V.  Db  B^mabe.  B75.  I. 
©crdi.  Blutstbik.     Rothbb  Eiibnstbin 

Colore  eft  hsc  minert  rabro ,  rarius  par  puree ,  Bia« 
xhne  ponderofo,  pleruinqve  ftriata  &  qvafi  cryftallifata, 
ttttin  globulos  coHcreta,  aliqvando  calcarea  indolis  cum 
aqvaforti  effervefcens,  humida  pulverifata  digitos  rubra 
tingens  colore ,  magned  feoipcr  refraftaria,  ferrum  ad  70 
Vd  So  pro  centenario  continet,  ubi  eft  pura. 

(m)  Hamatitbs  RUBER)  JoUdus.     Mmrd  mortis  ru- 
^bra^     NoHKULLORUM. 
Particulis  minimis  duris  conftat,  absqve  vifibili  fibra^ 
unde  &  nomen  minera  martis  rubra  obtinuit.     APV?- 
fiff^bergit  in  Dalecarlia.    Qyedlinburg  in  Sdxmia. 
(h)  Hamatitbs   bubbb,  folidus ,  purpureui. 

Haflehdla  in  Nericia.    Eibenflock  in  Saxonia.  Hajfia^ 
(c)  HiBMATiTBS  bubbr  ,  )iir(^r. 
Fibrls  feu  pyramidibus  conftat }  aliqvando  ereftis^  ali« 
qvando  in  fafciculos  breves  collets ;     interdum  tl 
fibras  in  truncis  'arborum  imiutur.     Vefimwrlani  in 
Jinglia^     Germania. 
Cd)  Hjbmatites  auBBR<,  bemifpbaricus. 
Pleruraqvc    protuberantiis   feu  mameUis   hemifpha^ricts 
praeditis ,  qvibas  cavitates  correfpondentes  in  adhc- 
rente  bamatite  tejiaceo  repcriri  folent^     Bobmia.  &i- 

(%)  HenatitRs  ruber,  globofus* 
in  majores  vel  minores  globulos  concretus  ;    interdua 
ovalis. 

(0  Hbdxatitbs  bvbbb^  b0tryU$cus. 

Pin-, 

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tH  C  O  )  K|  247 

Pluribus  glofHilit  c61iaereiitibus  &  conglutlnatls  conft^Mt. 
AngUa. 

^g)  Hamatitbs  ruber,  calcareus. 
Eepefitur  vel  folidus,  qvi  vocatur  minora  ferri  calcarea 
rubra^  Cronstedt.  $  3  a.  vt\fihrofus\  prior  rcpcri- 
tur  Helleforjen  in  Wejbnannia.  Grasderget  in  Gran. 
ge  in  Ddtcarlia  ^  p6fterior  in  Germanic  cfr»  Leh* 
HANN  Cb$m.  ScbrifU 

^%.  fERKlJtA  ochracium  mineralijatum  ^  tninera  flava^  pie* 
rumqve  figurata «  rafura  flavoy  magneti  rifraQaria. 
Ham/wtitbs  flavus.  Spec.  3  32* 

HamatUes  flavus.     Cronstedt.  io6» 

Sveth.  Gui  Bi,ODST£K 

Gall.  Hematite  Jaunb 

Germ.  Gelbbr  BtUTSTBiN 

Eft  minera  ferri  ochracea  minus  vulgaris ,  i  [priori 
Ipecie^  bamatUe  rubra  differt  ut  ocbra  flava  ab  ocbra  rubra  ; 
eft  vero  base  dura,  colore  fufco^  nigrefcente  aut  Savo, 
femper  vero  rafura  &  trltur^  flava. 

(a)  Hjbmatites  flavus  ,  folidus. 
Vifibilibus  caret  particulis,     Tarnowits  in  Sikjia.    Qir 
tbarinaburg  in  Siberia* 
(h)  Rkmatitbs  flavus  ,  jibrofus.  / 

Lommerbof  in  Bobmia. 
(c)  HittMATiTE^  FLAViTs,  tefuloris. 
Teffulis  cqnftat  majoribus  vel  minoribus  mgrcfcentibus. 
fed  tritura  &  raftura  flavefccntibus.       Cumberland  6l 
FUnt/bire  in  Jnglia. 

Cd)   HaMATITBS    FLAVUS  ,  C0/tttl2»«nV. 

Columnis  conl\at  cBeftis  ^  tritura  flava  ,   cxtrinfcco  co- 
lore flavo^  .  Rintfbire. 
Ob£  t.  SiQgulariter  In  officinis  &  apud  material iftas,  J-nwj- 
tita  nomine  infigniri  Colet  bamtitet  ruber  figuratur^   qvia, 
fotUa^finmneo  eft  colore;    magis  gcueraliwr  apud  mm- 

■  Q  4  ftf/o-   I 


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UZ  ^  {W  C  O  ;  K^ 

ralogof^  omnis  roinera  ferri  tejlaeca^  fibrofa  aut  figurata^  co* 
lore  live  nigro,  rubro  five  flavo  fuerit,  hoc  nomeu  obti- 
DUit  ;  fed  nullam  perfpicere  poiTumus  raciooem,  cur  mi- 
ners ejusdeni  indolla ,  folidae*  h.  e.  noD  fibrofs  aut  figu« 
racae  fine  excliideQds.  Ex  eodcm  fundamenco  qvoochrae 
terri  Aavae  k  rubris  &  reiiqvis  Tpeciebus  diftingvuntury 
baS  triplices  minerjs,  aigras,  rubras  &  ilavas  haematiticas 
ab  iQVicem  diftinguere  debuimus.  / 

Obf*  a.  Httmatttem  exiftimat  LEHMANNin  Oi/  Phjf-Chym.  p. 
•39.  &»  in  Mineral,  p.  tag.  ori^inem  habere  a  terra  martla* 
11  aqvi^  immixta ,  deinde*  depofita  &  indurata  >  adeoqve 
inineram  efle  JiaUFIihcdm.  Hoc  probare  vult  exinde,  gvod 
dctur  bamatitci  ruber  fibrofuf  calcareui, /iff rfo  inprimisv/mo- 
//rolubilis*  &  cum  eodem  Jelenitem  tbrmaas*  qec  oon  ab 
gcido  nitri  folubilis  ;  praeterea  ,  qvod  dent\ir  bamatitict  la- 
pidefy  ad  dimidiani  partem  ijpatbo  calcareo  conftantes.  Sed 
banc  fententiam  in  medium  rellnqvimus,  defidcraotes  vero 
fcire,  unde  pfyrita  globular er  aut  reni formes  vel  fil^rojiy  unda 
calcarei  rlobularef  vel  fihrqfi;  uwie  Jchiftuf  globuUris  ^  &  qvi 
funt  reuqvi,  fuam  habeant  origlnem^  Cur  &  oon  reliqva 
motalla  eadem  appareatlt  figura  globulari,  q va  t'errum  ? 

Obf.  3.  Dehamatite  fcripfu  L.Bauschius  in  TV.  de  Lapide 
bamntitelf  atite. 

13-   FERRUM  ochraceum   mineralifaturn    ruhrim.^    minera 
fqvaviofa  ,  mollis^  inqvinans^    magneti  refraclaria.  H«. 

MATITES   MICACKUS.  SpCC.    333^ 

IMica  ferrea  rubra.    M.  U. 

Ferrum  intrqStabile  rubricans  ruhrumqve ,  pmUvlis  impcU- 

pabilibus  nitidis,     v.  Linn6    141.  a  3. 
Hdmatitis  ruber  fqvamofus.    Cronstedt.  a05.  b. 
^vcth.  Eisehra'm 
'    Gall.  Mine   de  Fer  micac^c  rougeatre.      v.  De 

BOMARE.    2S2      3. 

Germ.  Eisenrahm 

Colore  eft  rubro,  rubricae  fere  fimilis,  cum  fqva- 
mulis  feu  particulis  m/nimis  nlt^ntibus,  attaSu  lenis  & 
qvali  pingvis  ,  raoHis  ,  digitos  inqvinans ,  cultro  feftilis, 
pulverifationc    &    calcinationc    >ntenfius  &    obfcurc   ru- 

bctj 


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bet ;  venas  ferri  aliqvando  corii  vel  cinguli  inftar  ciogens^ 
uflde  &  nomen  habet.     Norrberke. 

14.  FERRUM  corrofum^   volatile^  mineralifaium ^   minera 
nigrefcente^  fqvamofa^  piStoria^     niagneti  refractaria. 

MOLTBDANA.  SptC.     134* 

Plumbago.     NonnuI-lorum. 

Mica  pictoria  nigva^  manus  inqvinans.  M»  R* 

Metailum  non  fvfle^  cinereum  inqvinans.  v.  Linn^.  12.  i. 

Sulphur  ferro  (^  fianno  faturatum^  CroNStedt.  154. 

Sveth,  BlykrTz.     Wassrrbleij 

Gall.  MoLYBDEN.       Mica  des  peintres.     Crayon 

ou  Mine  de  Plomb.    v.  De  Bomare.  87. 
Germ.  Wasserblet*  •  Reissblet 

H»c  niinera  pcculiaris  eft  indolis ,  particuHs  coinpo- 
fita  fqvamofis ,  majoribus  vel  rainaribus ,  laxius  compaQis, 
attaQu  lenis  &  pingvis ,  dl^itos  inqvinans,  piftoria,  colo- 
re cinereo  nigrefcente  nitente  ,  tritura^serulefccns ,  cul- 
tro  facile  rafills  &  fciffilis,'  in  igne  apcrto  ad  maximam 
partem  volatilis,  ad  70  vel  80  pro  centenario  avolans; 
in  igne  vero  claufo  fordffime  perfiftens  fine  aliqva  rautatio- 
ne;  reftduum  pod  calcinationcm  fuffiricnter  inftitutam^  cum 
forci  fluore  debite  fufum  .dat  20  &  ultra  pro  centenario 
ferri, 

(z)  Molybdana  puta^  membranacea:^  nttens^ 
Compofita  fqvamulis  majoribus^    qvafi   mcnbranaceij , 

attafta  lenis ,  nitens ,  facile  fciffilis.     Baftnxs  in  ff^efi'  . 

marmia.     Sispberg  in  Dalecarlia.     Anglia^ 

(b)  M»>LYBDi»NA,  tnicacea^  arenaria* 

Videtur  qvafi  mixta  particulis  granularibus  &  micaceij, 
hinc  durior ,  minus  pingvis.  Fennonia.  Lw/ft^dt  in 
Upland.    . 

(c)  Molybdana,  textura   cbaly'ea. 
Eft  nigrefcens ,  minimis  particulis. 

Objl  De  hac  raiaeri  diverf*  cxiftunt  opinlone??.    Henckei. 
iu  Pyritb,  p*  jd  ^  57 h    Appropr.   p.  9^.   Flor.  Saturn,  g. 
Q  5  5.  £/>^- 


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«50  ^(   o)«l 

> 

f.Eph.  KC.Vol  V.  p.3Qt&  all!  eontfem  fecnti  mol^^ 
bcUeoam  pro  minera  qvadaoi  a/Wihabaeruot;  obaliqvaiii» 
Bi  tailor,  coaveoientiam  in  ftnjftura  cum  £/hi(i(i^iii^iitf ,  ia-* 
primts  vero  ob  maxinnam  in  igoe  aperto  volar iliucem* 
qvibns  momentia  addi  poteft,  qvod  LawsoK  in  DiffM  Ni* 
kilo  dicit  fe  obfervafle  molybistn^  fiores  iofiamtnabiies,  flam* 
na  oerulea.  Mii  eandero  pro  Tpecie  qvadam  mica  habue* 
ruot«  qvum  ftruAura  &  leoitafe  gttucleat  ulcofa^  &  ead^ 
perfifteocia  In  igoe  tuforio.  Pott  in  fiifcell^  lierol.  T.  t^L 
commemorat  fe  veftigia  ferri  in  eadem  depretiendiflb;  de 
caetero  pronus  ad  fenteodam  HenekelH  inr  LeR,  de  Ijneo  p^  g« 
Nob.  (ftf  LiNN^  exiftimat  molybdsnam  eife  mioeram  pecu- 
liaris  remimetalli,  non  fuHbilis.  Nos  inter  minerns  ferri 
eandcm  heic  collocare  voluiQiua»  feqventes  ob  radones. 
(a)  Qvod  miXU  wm file ^  ammcmaco  ptxbesit  florei  martiaUs^ 
ut  obferva vie  Pott  1.  c  [b]  perfedc  calcinata  &  ma^ne- 
tetrahatiir.  [cj  Calcinata^  five  per  Te, qvod  taediofbm  eft,  fi- 
ve cum  nitro  mixta,  in  crucibulum  igaicum  (bcceffive  in)e«i 
fta  &  fortiter  tu%  deinde  refrigerata  &  bene  edulcorau,  ft 
pofimodum  forti  cum  fluore  fuoditur,  dec  ierrum  ad  /g 
&  ultra  pro  centenario,  ut  diverfia  cum  molybdaenae  va« 
rietatibusexpertnseftB.Qviir  In ASI.StoeHK  yol.X.p.  ia9, 
&c  Hismomentfs  addo.  [djQvodyerrwitf/i/ifm  vel  regulut 
mrtialii  io  afua  Jilina  Vel  in  aava  fbrti^  per  temporis  fpa-» 
tlum  reliftus  ticiem  &  inclolem  ftiolybdsnae  perfefte 
fuCcipiat,  ut  ab  aliis  eft  obrervatum  &  in  atfya  forti  fe-. 

Siua  ego  expertus Turn,  [e]  Qvod /errmn  Julpbwrs  folutum« 
rufturam  aeqval^ ,  poft  fadrcenriam  in  a<§re  (ii(bipiat» 
ut  fatis  eft  notum ;  atqve  *uC  ret  ceam  aegvalem  ftrudu^ 
ram  fqvamofam  obfervari  In  aura  mufivo^  u ve  &  j^oaao  cum 
fale  ammomaco  fkfalpbure  prsparetur,  five  k  wi/miabo  cpoi 
cirmabari.  A  fulpun  ideoqve  &  jcorrofione  ftrufturam 
fqvamoOm  &  indolem  pidoriam  dependere  arbitramur. 

j^d  v$UtilitMtem  in  igne  qvod  adtioef,  probabiiiter  opfnamur 
eandem  dependere  a  fulpbure  &  pbloriJlicM  qvadam  materia, 
forran  ipfin.^  ferri.  major!  copia  admixta  vel  adhaeren^« 
Hoc  pblogi/licott  demonftramns.  imo  A  detonatione  moly- 
bdapoae  cum  nitro ^  &  fulmlnatlone,  ft  nitrum  cum  tartaro 
commixtum  fiierit  &  hsec  mixtura  in  crucibulum  ignitnm 
ingeratur,utexpertuseftZ^iii.QviST.  in  A^.Stockb.  I.  c# 
•do«  Ab  Indole  pblog'iftics  miteris  eadem  ut  \nm0lvbd9- 
na,  in  l<ne  daufo  perfiftere,  in  aperto  autem  volatilirari, 
fecum  &  metalla  volatilirare. 

An  qvIdpiam.^^m»/ubivlsinmoIybd«ni  admlxrum  fit,  dice- 
re  non  pofiumua;  id  oertum  eft}  qvod  hoc  metJiUum  ma* 

goa 


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£i  eopit  fitphurU  fuper  id  ipfbm  furam ,  fucceflive  fcis 
,  ciliD  eodem  noQ  folum  combi/ietur,  fed  &  in  altoifiB^ 
fiif  more  <fW,  ia  igoe  volatiliretur,  uc  experieatia  me 
docuit;  Id  &  vvrum*  qvod  iDolybdcoi  ylx  alibi  qvam 
Ia  ndnerh  ferri  ytljlanm  reperiacur^ 

15^    FERRUM  inflammabili  minerdtifaium^  minera  mffrs^ 
carbanaria.    Minera  F£RRicARB0NAaiA.5p.  33$. 

Minera  ferri  pblogijlica.     Cronstbdt.  i(5i, 

Sveth*  Kalspbgland£  Jermmalm*     Jernbrand-* 

SRZ 
Gall.    MiNB  DEFeR  SBMBtABLBi  DU  ChARBON 

Germ.  Kou^spibcblndbs  EiSEi^ERz.     Eise^bRaho- 

RRZ 

Eft  luee  ifiiaera  lUbantbracitus  ant  gagati  t^aud  diiTiml- 
lis«  fragiliS)  cultro  rafilis  &  facile  pulvo^)(abilis  ^  cum 
acidia  non  efiervefcens^  in  igne  aut  parum^  fla^rans,  decas- 
tero  fixa,  aut  ad  mazimaiD  partem  volatiljs;  C|ilcinau(me 
fit  robro  fufca  aot  immutabilis  ^  fed  magnete  attra£hlis» 

(a)  MiHBRA  Ferri  carbokaria  ^  foUia. 

,    Faciem  bkbet  gagatis  aut  Lav(B  ni^a.     ff^qfkbirget  Jff 
Norrberke.    Kungsberg  in  Normgia. 

(b)  MiHSRA  Ferri  carbonari  a  ,  riwo/Jr. 
Fmnbirgit  in  Grytbyttan^     Qyifibro  in  Nmcia. 

Ohf.  Primua  has  roineras  carbooarias  derciipiit  Cjlonstedt 
io  AB.  S^o€\h.  Vd.  XU. 

l6«  FERRUM  caUariis  lapidihus  inbannsy  minera  alba 
M/  flifca ,  facie  lapidea  ^  fine  nitore »  jnagnete  non  at-- 
traStilis  Minbra  Fbrri  alba.  Spec^^  336. 

JSfintra  mortis  alba.  M.  R. 

JFernan  introQabile  albicans  fpatbofum.  v,Linn^  141.  s5* 

Ttrra'calcofea  mane  intime  mixta^  indurata.    Crov« 

fTEDT.   3a. 

Sveth. 

V  n 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


*ja  |w  C  ^  )  «l 

Svcth.  HwiT  Jernmalm.     Stahlst«i^ 

GalL    Mm£   D£   FER   BLANCHE.      V.    Db   BoMAflVI^ 

Germ.  Wetsses  Eisbn£Rz«       STAHtST£iN«    Pflins 

Colore  &  flru£hira  eft  haso  minera  calcareis  lapidibus 
aut  fpatho  fimilis ,  albo  flavefcente  interdum  &  fufco,  qvi 
color  taroen,  inprimU  albus  tarn  in  agre  qvam  i^  igne  pe« 
Tit,  ,ubi  haec  minera  fit  obfqurc  -fufca,  aut  nigra,  raro 
rube^is ;.  facie  qAroqve  &  ftruQura  cum  calcareis  lapidibus 
convenit^plcrumqve  cum  acini's  ciTervefcit)  calcinata  nullumt 
odorem  emittic,  de  fuo  tamen  pondere  perdit  ad  30  vel 
40  pro  centenario^  qvod  etiam  cammuno  habet  cum  cal- 
careis lapidibus;  fenum  qvod  facile,  largitur,  contiqet  ad 
20,  30^  irao  40  &  ultra  pro  centenarian  undecum  lucra 
qlurpatur  ad  promovendam  fufiouem  aUanun  mii^Lerarum  fet« 
ti  5  irao  ad  fcrrum  mcliorandumt. 

(b)  Minera  FerRi  alba^  particulis^  nitens'^ 
f  Lapidi  calcareo  albo ,  particulis.  minoribus  nitcnti  IN 
mills  ;    in  afire  obducitur  crufta  nigra  fufca ,  vel  in  ' 
pulverem  nigrum  fatjfcit.   Hallefwrfeiu     WeJlJUfwber^ 
get.     Norberg^     Eifenarz.  in  SHria^ 

Obf.  Ab  his  mineris   In  -aere  fatifbeotibus  origiaem    habet 
ocbra  Jerri  fufcd,  Inferiuadefcrlbeoda^ 

(b)  Minera  Ferri  alba  %  fqvamofa^^ 
Colore  albo  aut  cinereo^  calcareo  lapidi  fqvamofo  fimilis^ 
in  aarc  nigrefcens.     Halleforfen.    ^ciisbyttan  in  Dale* 

carlia.     NaJJau  Siegen^ 

'  (c)  Minera  Ferri  m.bk  ^  Jpathofa  ,  tefjularis.    \ 

Eft  fpathum  teffulare  ferro  gravidum^  igne  nigrefcens. 

-  Iiyiftif'-joberget.     Smalcaldia. 

(d)  Minera  Ferri  alba^  fpothofa^  latnellofa. 

.■•  Colore  -albo,  flavefcente  vel  grifeo  laroellis  ofdin^^s, 
lacic  fdenitica,  in  igne  •nigrefcens.    Saxonia.  Tyrol. 

Obf. 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Qtf,  Haec  mioefa  ferri  lamellaris  vociCur  a  noooulils,  mia<r« 
^€rri  fpecularis ;  obfer vaabum  Vcro,  qVod  k  ooftris  mooti- 
colis  uou  alia  minera  terri  vocerur  Jp€culars\  qvatta  qv» 
fiiperficie,  plierumqve  in  uno  folum  latere,  fpeculi  inftar 
DiteDte  gaudet,  qvafi  polita  eflec,  forfan  at  aqva  in  iiflliris 
flueote ,  fuo  motu  parciculas  detereote  &  ^perAciQiB  po 
lience«  cujuscunqve  demum  fpeciei  ilia  mioera  fuerit. 
Qvutfi  itaqve  m(At  hicce  oondih  ut  accidentatis  confiderari 
polQt,  peculiarem  itaqve  fpecUm  miucra  /ktri  fftcularit 
condituere  oon  potuioaus* 

(cj)  MiNEiRA  F£RRt  aLbA)  dft^u ,  g^tmincmu  Flos 
ferri. 
Ha£c  eft  qv»  froftic  fios  ferri ^  Eifenbliithe  vocm  de- 
bet ^  colore  %ibo^  figura  ftalaQitica^  fiftolaris  vel  ra- 
niofa )  eandem  qvoqve  cum  ftala3ius  originem  ha- 
bens  ab  aqvis  ^  qvas  calcareo  ferreis  particuli;,  fab 
motu  ab  hujusmodi  mineris  ferri  albis  detritis ,  im-  / 
prargnatd  ^  easdem  pofbnoduxn  in  qviete  ^  ftib  ftilli* 
cidio  depoiuerunt.       U^eftfUfwberget    in  Dakcarlia. 

0*/r.  Probe  h«c  varietas  diftifigvenda  k  fion  fmi  fpurioy  in- 
ter fialaditas  defcribendOw 

(0  MiKKRA  FEftto  ALBA,  aMariu 
U^'eflfilfwhirget 

(g)  MiNKtiA  FfiRRi  alba\  colore  fufeo  ^  pitidik 
Ed  ocbra  fimilis  ,  colore  fufco,  particulis  fubcillflimis 
compofita,.  qvafi  folida^    cum  acidis  fortitcr  efferve^ 
icenS)  calclnatione  rubens ,    continet  fcrrum  ad  43. 
pro  centenario    Boferup  in  Scania,     jinglia^ 

(h)  MiNERA  Ferri  ^lba  ;  jlavo  fufca. 
Eft  mollior ,  caicares  indolis  ^  in  fuperficie  parum  in- 
qvinans ,-  vocatur  a  Cermanis  ^  Kubrim,      Har%  in 
Germania. 

17*  FERRUM  lapidi  vitrefcibili  inbarens  ^  minera  alba  vel 
rubens ,  facie  lapidea ,  fine  nitore  in  igne^  (f  magneii 
refrattaria^  graviffma.  Minera  Ferri  lapidka 
GRAVissiMA.  spec.  337. 

Ferrum 

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*J4  jHCo)Kt 

Rrrum  ealeiforme  terra  jvadam  wMgtdta  inHmi  nixtum: 

'    CaoMsTEDT.  209.  U 

'   Sveth.    Tungsten.    Jbrhstb9*    Qkahaiuk  uuit 

Jerkmalm 

Gall.    Mine  db  T^k  Blanche  tkes  pokdereusb- 

MiHE  DB   Fee  blanche   semblablb    <  Lt  Mi* 

DB  D*£ta1N   CRYSTALLls£e« 

Germ.  Weissbr  Eisensteui  voh  ORossrR  Schwbrk* 

0B9  ZlNNGR AUPEN  ODER  Gran ATSTEIHBN  JBHNLl- 
C«£R  WEISSBR  ElSBKSTBlK. 

Eft  minert  colore  ilbefcente ,  flavefcente  aiit  mbente^ 
flicie  fere  granatica  fen  granati  rudiaris^  aat  cryftallorum 
mnttzlinm  ftanni  ^  Zmngtaupm^  pondere  mineras  &  Iapi« 
dec  inter  graviffima^i  com  acidis  noH  effervefcens.,  potius 
ad  chalybem  aliqvando  debiliter  fcintillat  ^  rafora  dat  pul« 
verem  album ;  calcinatione  fit  fafca  ant  mbens ;  aliqvando 
diffiiiensn  igni  faforio  fortiter  refiftit ;  cominuato  autem 
fortiori  igne  fuperficialiter  vitrifiditur;  ferrum  ad  30  pro 
centenario  continet ,  qvod  obtmetur  dum  forti  cum  fluore 
cum  admixto  fale  microcofmico  funditur^ 

(a)  MiNERA  FE&ai   lapidba  gRavissima^-  pami^ 

laris. 
Eft  colore  cameo  vcl  flavefcente;  parum  ad  chaly- 
bem  fcintillans ;  calcinatione  fit  pal/ide  fofca;  cam 
fluore  minerali  bene  fluit>\  gravitate  fpecifica  in  pro* 
portione  adaqvam,  ut  4,988  :  •  l,oco«  Bafinas 
in  ffytmannia^  X 

(b)  Mjnera  Ferri  LAfiDBA  GRAvissiMA^,  fiUens. 
Eft  colore  albefcente,  fraQura  nitens  qvarzi  inftar,  ra|- 

filis ,  igne  diffilit ;  gravitate  fpecifica  in  proportioat 
ad  aqvam  ut  5,825  ::  1,000.  Bispbergs  Klak  inDa^ 
lecarlia.     Marunberg  &  jUtenhirg  in  Saximia. 

Obf.  Maximam  cb  gravicatem  eft^baecmioera  fvetbice  vocata, 

runiHtn^  h.  e.  lapis  ^ravii^  qvi' probe  dlfcernendiis  i  Tung* 

Jf^ih,  9.  Jpatbolffravi^  iatex  gypfo/Qi  lapides  defciipto.   A 

BOA* 


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fiofinullfe  inUta  eft  pro  fmir4ftam^^a^  unde  ZSmgraw' 
pen  Mum  ^  vocau  eft.  Eft  haec  minera  primum  defcripta 
ab  A  F.  Cronstbot  In  AH*  Stochb.  FoLXlL  fag.  sad. 
ftc.  Ubi  haec  miaera  rocatur  fvechice  Jemjlen^  h.  e.  Ufis 
terreua. 

l8.  FERRUM  mineralifoMn  ^  infmrmam  arena  colleSlum. 
Arbha  ferrba^  Spec.  33g, 

jfrena  ferri  atra.     v.  Link6*  199*  13*  ^^ 

S^th.  Jern-^Sahd 

Gall.    FBR   MlHBRALia^  DANS    LB  SABLB.      V.  DbBo. 
"  MARE.    IS4- 

Cerm*  Eisbk^Sanb 

Eft  minera  non  m  venis  tnontium,  fed  In  fuperficie 
telloris  aut  ejusdem  ftratis  obvk,  granulis  arenaceis  ftf- 
reis  vd^ochraceis  feparatis  aut  conjunQis  conftans,  cum 
alia  arena  lapidea  plus  minus  comnimis;  co  ore  nigfo  vel 
gri(eo  fopius  magnete  attrafiilis,  plurimum  ferri  continens; 
Qfiginen)  forfUn  habet  i  pardculis  minerarum  martialipm 
iDotu  aqvat-um  detritis  &  diverlls  in  iocis  depofitis  &  accu* 
muiatis  ^  unde  fsgpius  ad  litora  lacufiria  vel  ad  colics  hsec 
arena  reperitur ,  vi^t  alibis 

(a^  Arena  pbrrVa^  nigrefcen^. 
perreo  eft  colore  ^  plurioium  ferri  continet  ad  go 
imo  90  pro  centenario ,  magnete  attradilis. 
Cb^  Arena  ferrba  colore  mixto,  Jeu^  diverjtcolor. 
Eft  alba  &  nigra  ^    vel  aliis   coloribus  mixtis  compofiU 
i  parciculis  ferrets  &  granulis  qvarzofis  albis ;  pelluci- 
dis  aut  opacis ;  magnete  ad  partem  attraSilis  y   iftter* 
dum  magneci  refraQaria. 

iJiJl  Hxc  &  (ubfeqveas  Tpecies,  ^  mineris  detritia&  deftru- 
A\3  originem  babentes,  fiint  relpla  adventitia  iniaers,  &ad 
ClaJJem  If^k  A  placet,  referri  pofluat}  la  oftim  Ucet  pro 
obtiaendo  ferro  verqiotur. 

I  p.  t?.^Vi\jMMmofwnymmra  fitfia^  facie  terreftri  velfco- 
riaceci  ftib  qw/a,  Min.^Iirri  suba^uoj^a.  Sp  359. 

Tophus 


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^pbus  bumofus  ocbracms.    v.  Linn6.  ig7.  5. 
.  \Adinera  ferri  ccUcifarmis  concreta^  Cronstedt.  2«i^ 

Sveth.     Myrmalm.     Siomalm 
Gall.  Fer  mineralise  dan>  du  Limon.     v.  D£  Bo- 
ld are.  i83«    Mine  de  Per  limoi^eusb 
Germ.   Sumpferz.  .  Seebrz 

Colore  extrinfeco  difcrepat  ha?c  minera,  jam  rubente> 
jam  flavcfcente,  faepius  fufco  aut  obfcuro ;  intrinfecc  ple- 
rumqve  colore  ferreo  vel  grifeo  cserulefcente ;  fr^iis^ 
fsspe  cavemofa  &  qvafi  exefa  ^  fcoriis  ferri  fimilis;  ean- 
dem  cum  tophis  originem  haben'  a  decricis  particulis  aqva 
imroixtis  &  dcinde  depofitis^  hincnuhqva.ni  nen>  ^ut  ad* 
hue  fubaqvofa  reperitur^  aut  o;im^  fine  dub'^o  exilitit; 
fcilicet  in  locis  paludofis  in  confiniis  montium  &  alpium^ 
tied  non  in  lacubus  plurimis  ^  hinc  &  plerumqve  ligurata 
eft  ^  &  inciufa  habct  aliqvando  corpora  heterogenea^  Qv« 
in  ftratis  montium  &  terrarum  plurimis  in  locis  reperitur, 
eandem  fine  dubio  oiim  habuit  originem.  Ab  ochra  ferri 
eatenus  eft  hasc  minera  diftinfta,  qvatcnus  durior  &  ©ri- 
ginem  habet  a  mineris  detritis  vel  alio  modo  deftru£iis^  pul- 
vere  detrito  cum  limo  comraixto,  vel  ib  ocbracea  terra 
indurata.  Ferrum  ad  30  imo  40  &  ultra  pro  centenario 
dat  >  fed  nott  nifi  frigidum  fragile ,  unde  ad  ferrum  fufum 
ufurpatur  ^  raro  ad  malleatum* 

(a^  Miner  A  Ferri  suba^jhosa^  amorpba^  folida^  ttt- 

berofa. 
Ad  intrinfecam  compofitionem ,     folida  dura,  ad   cha- 

Jybera  fcintillans ,  extrinfcce  ^    f|iperficie  gaudet  tubc- 

fofa.     Hintfhire  in  Anglia^ 
(b^  Minera    Ferri   subaquosa,     amoJpba^    fcoria^ 

formis^  ^  - 

Talis  eft  paluftris  &  in  ftratis  terrarum  obvia,  in  raaf-  ^ 

fts  vel  fruftulis  majoribus  aut  minoribus,  colore  bifco., 

nigrefcente    vel  flavcfdente,   facie  intrinfeca  utplu- 
rimum  fcorueformi  aut  ttrreflri^  tritura  humida  rubet, 

ijvocunqve  colore  iuerit.     Dalecarlia.     Siberia* 

CO 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


^  fc)  Mii?KftA  FeRHi  suBAquoSA. ,  globdja^ 
fygLturvel  laeujlris  vel  palufiris  vel  &  coUina  ^  Colore 
diverfo  ,  nigro ,  flavo  ^  fufco  imo  rubentc  j  globu- 
lis  interdttiu  niinoribus  ,  qvo  cafu  pififwinis  vocatur ; 
interduin  majoribas  ^  fabarum  magnitudine  ^  turn 
appelUtar  Buhner z^  h,  e.  mtnera  fabar,u$n.  Ad  ftru- 
^  Quram  aliqvando  folida »  aliqvando  cruilofa ,  nucleuin 
intra  cruitas  fbvens ,  qvo  refpe£lu  inter  atitas  i  non* 
nullis  connumeratur*     Jn  lacubus  Smolandia^ 

i(d)  MiNEaA  Ferri  subaquosa,  nuwifmalis. 
Eft  licuflris  ^   faciem  nuramulorum    minonim  orbicult- 
rium  hab^t.      Snwlandia. 

O)  MiNKRA  Ferri   suBAquoPA)  UirreUofa^ 
Eft  paluftris,  qvafi  lamellis  vd  ftfatis  ^   plcrunnjHc  ir- 
regularibus  compofita^  plus   nrintis  cavcmofa*     7les^ 
Jinback     Scbningdftn  in  Alfaticu 

(t)  MiKERA  Ferri  suBAtjuosA^  fihr^fi^^ 
Eft  paluftfis ,  ligno  fere  fiitiilis^^ 

iz)  MiNKRA  Ferri  subaquosa  ^  tvhiAata. 
Eft  paluftris,  quafi   fiftulis  compofita,   efteKfiliam  in- 
terdum  rcferens,   colore  flavo   vel  fiifoo.       Videtuf 
qvafi  circa  culmum   vel    ftramcn    vegetabilium  efl^ 
concreta,     ^nglicu 

(hy  MiNERA   Ferri  subaquosa^  ipl^cmtifoT9nii% 
Facicm  habct  ftercoris  Vaccini  ^  aut    aliam  qvMicufi* 
qvc,  colore  obfcure  fcrreo,     Snti^dntlia^ 

Ohjl  I,  Diverfus  in  hac  mioera  color ,    plerumqve  nnnnlft 

Jiipcrficialif  ^  dependet  ab    aavit   ijitftoticii  &    veget/ttiliiuf^ 

vet  aiiis  caurtis  qvibuscunqve  mxidtntairhur^    Hinc   non* 

nifi  piilu/lrei  miners  alieno  hoc  colore  efle  foltenn 

Ohfi  a.  Quod  miners  ha?c  ferri  tvplmtta  i  deftrattis    mine* 

ri.s  ferri  orij^inero  babeat,  hoc  non  folum  tndoles  &  facieS 

hujus  nilnera?  indicat,  fed  &   ei^inde  evincitur,  ra)  qyod 

lacaftres  rolner»  non  nifi  prope  lUora  reperianWir^   iciH- 

cet,  vix  ultra  i8  vei  2o  ulnanim  f patio    ^    litotei    (b) 

nee  majori  protuodiuce  qvam  ad  6  vel  7  ulnAS,  (c)  non* 

Tarn.  11.  R  nifi 


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^pbus  bumofus  ocbracms.    v.  Linn6.  ig7.  ?. 
.  JMinera  ferri  cdciformis  concrtta^  Cronstedt.  2«i^ 

Sveth.     Myrmalm.     Siomalm 
Gall.  Per  mineralise  dan.'  du  Limon.    v.  D£  Bo- 
mare.  183 •    Mike  de  Per  limoi^euse 
Germ.   Sumpferz.     Seeerz 

Colore  cxtrinfcco  difcrcpat  hasc  minera,  jam  rubente^ 
jam  flavcfcente,  faepius  fufco  aut  obfcuro ;  mtrinfecc  ple- 
rumqve  colore  ferreo  vel  grifeo  c^erulefcente ;  fhAiiis^ 
fsspe  cavemofa  &  qvafi  exefa  ^  fcoriis  ferri  fimilis;  ean- 
dem  cum  topbis  originem  haben'  a  decricis  particulis  aqva 
imroixtis  &  dcinde  depofitis^  hinc  nunqva^m  neii>  ^ut  ad* 
hue  fubaqvofa  reperitur^  aut  oim,  fine  dub*»o  cxftititj 
fcilicet  in  locis  paludofis  in  confiniis  mpntium  &  alpiura^ 
nee  non  in  lacubus  plurimis  ^  hinc  &  plerumqve  ligurata 
eft  y  &  inciufa  habet  aliqvando  corpora  heterogenea.  Qv« 
in  ftratis  montium  &  terrarum  plurimis  in  locis  reperitur, 
eandem  fine  dubio  oiim  habuit  originem.  Ab  ocbra  ferri 
eatenus  eft  hasc  minera  diftinfta,  qvatchus  durior  &  ©ri- 
ginem  habet  a  mineris  detrltis  vel  alio  modo  deftru£iis^  pul- 
vere  detrito  cxxmlimo  comraixto,  vel  ^h  ocbracea  terra 
indurata.  Ferrum  ad  30  irao  40  &  ultra  pro  centenario 
dat  >  fed  nott  nifi  frigidum  fragile ,  unde  ad  ferrum  fufum 
ufbrpatur  ^  raro  ad  malleatum. 

(a^  Miner  A  Ferri  suba^ji^osa^  amorpba^  folida^  tu^ 

berofa. 
Ad  intrinfecam  compofitionem ,     foHda  dura,  ad   cha- 

Jybera  fcintillans ,  extrinfcce  ^    fpperficie  gaudet  tubc- 

fola.     Nintfbire  in  Anglia. 
(b^  Minera    Ferri   subaquosa,     amoJpba^   fcoria^ 

formis^  ,  - 

Talis  eft  paluflris  &  in  flratis  terrarum  obvia,  in  raaf-  , 

fis  vel  fruftulis  majoribus  aut  minor i bus,  colore  fufco^ 

nigrefcente    vel  flavcfdente,   facie  intrinfeca  utplu- 
rimum  fcoruBformi  aut  Urreflri^  tritur^  huraida  rubet, 

ijvocunqve  colore  iuerit.     Dalecarlia.     Siberia. 

CO 

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-  (c)  MiKfiiA  FeRHi  suBAquoSA. ,  glohoja^ 
patur  vel  laeuftris  vel  palujiris  vel  &  coUina  ,  colore 
diverfo^  nigro,  flavo)  fufco  imo  rubentej  globu- 
lis  interdum  niinoribus  ^  qvo  q^Sm  pififwinis  vocatur; 
interduin  majoribos  ^  fabarum  magnitudine  ^  tunii 
appellatar  liobnerz^  h,  e.  minera  fabarum.  Ad  ftru- 
''^  Quram  aliqvando  folida »  aliqvando  cruilofa ,  nucleum 
intra  crullas  fbvens ,  qvo  refpeQu  inter  atitas  i  non- 
nullis  connumeratur*     Jn  lacubus  Smolandia^ 

("d)  MiNEaA  Ferri  subaquosa,  nuwifmalis. 
Eft  licuftris  ^   faciem  nuramulorum    minonim  orbicult- 
riujn  habet.      Smelandia. 

C«)  MiNKRA  Ferri   suBAquoKA)  UnreUofa^ 
Eft  paluftris,  qvafi  lamdlis  vd  ftfatis  ^   pkrunniHc  ir- 
regularibus  compofita ,  plus   mintas  cavcmoia*     Ties* 
JtnbaciK    Scbningdfin  in  Alfe^icu 

Cf)  MiKERA  Ferri  suBAtjuosA,  fihmfA. 
Eft  paluftris ,  ligno  fere  fnnilis^, 

iz)  MiNERA  Ferri  subaquosa  ^  tubidata. 
Eft  paluftris,   quafi   fiftulis  compofita i,   cfte0Cdliam  in* 
terdum  rcferens,   colore  flavo   vel  fiifoo.       Videtuf 
qvali  circa  culmum   vel    ftramen    vegetabilium  eift 
concreta,     ^nglicu 

(hy  Minera  Ferri  subaquosAi)  ^l^cmtifoT9nii% 
Faciem  habct  ftercoris  Vaccini  ^  aui    aliam  qv«incuil» 
qve,  colore  obfcure  ferreo.     SntolanMa^ 

Objl  I,  Diverfus  in  hac  minera  color ,    plerumqve  nnnnift 

JupcYficialif  ^  dependet  ab    aqvif   ifitftotici^  &    "vefetatiliiut^ 

ve\  aliis  caurtis  qvibuscunqve  accidtfaaiitur^    Hinc   non* 

nifi  p^lu/lrei  miners  alieno  hoc  colore  efle  fo1ent% 

Ohfi  a.   Quod  miners  ha?c  ferri  tvpb»ctM  k  deftruftis    mine* 

m  ferri  orij^inero  babeat,  hoc  non  folum  tndolea  &  faciei 

hujus  nibera?  indicat,  fed  &   eitlnde  evincitur,  ra)  qyod 

lacaftres  miners  non  nifi  prope  litora  reperiantur^    fell!* 

cet,  vix  ultra  i8  vei  20  ulnanim  f patio    I    litotei    <b) 

nee  majori  prot'uodiuce  qvam  ad  6  vel  7  ulnA^  (c)  non* 

Tam.lL  R  nifi 


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2S$  ><(o^K» 

h\(i  In  locis  montoiis  &  ubi  minera  ftn&tki  eonfioilshow 
fpitaat,  (d)  qvod  reaard  obferventur  ,  neaipe  k  particu^* 
lis  cum  aqva  adfluentibus.  Noa  itaqve  praecedeote  irf- 
trtolifieatioti€  qvadam  ferri ,  atqve  vitrioU  deftruftioae  or* 
ts ,  fed,  uti  dittum  ,  k  tDioeris  decritis  Vel  corrolis. 

fto.  FERRUM  Qchr actum  lapide  arenario  mixtum  &  cum 
.eodem    cancretum,      Minbra    FerRi    arenaria. 

Spec.  )4o« 
Minera  aretiacBa^  ocbra  cum  arena.  Cronstedt,  278  <*• 

Svcth.  Jbrn-Sandertz 

Gall.  Mine  De  Fbr  sabloneusb 

Gerni«  Eisensandbrz 

Eft  ochra  ferri  flaVo  fufca  ^  aut  obfcuf c  rubcns,  cum 
lapide  iareoario  concreta.  Lotbaringia.  Bretagne  in 
Cailia. 

21.  FERRUM  acido  folutum  (^  pracipitatum  colore  fiaotk^ 
Ochra  Ferri  Flava.  Spec*  341^ 

Ocbra  ferri  pulverea  lutea.    \    Linn6-   192.  i. 
Mirtera  fetri  calciformis  ^  friahUis  y  pulvertdenta^  lutea. 

CRONStEDr,   202.     !♦ 

Sveth.  GuL  JeHnocker.     KioeLLERFaBRa 

Qall.    OcHRK    OE    Ebr   jaunatre.    Ochre  jAtf- 

ne«    V    Db  Bomare«  38*   I. 
Germ.  Gelber  kisenocker 

.  Eft  terra  raartlalis  raagii  vulgaris,  i  mineris  fern 
fulphureis  feu  pyriticofis  deftruais  orta,  vel,  ab  aqvit 
vitriolicis  prsBcipitata ,  hinc  non  folum  in  rirais  atqve  fif- 
furis  montium  obvia  effe  folet ,  fed  &  in  acidulis  &  thcr- 
mis  plurimis,  cum  aqvis  inincralibus  profluens  cftj  cal* 
cinatione  rubct  &  ftifione  cum  admixta  materia  vitrificante, 
dat  fcorias  nigras.  Ad  teiluitatem  partium  &  indolcm  eft 
haec  diftinfta ,  qvemadmodum  &  ad  fuam  confiftentiam  i 
fapore  vero  nunqvam  non  martiali  adftringente. 

(*) 

/ 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


>4  (  O  )  Kj  45* 

(z)  OcHViK  VekvlI  ulava  ^     colore  citrino  ^  p&rticulii 
fubtiliJJimU*  .         ^ 

Hkc  elt  qvae  interdum  fpum  maris  appcllari  folct^ 
ctiam  ad    locum    natalcin  ^    k  nonnuUis ,    litbotnarga^ 
utpote  in  rirais  montiura  hofpitans  ,   ad  argillaccam  ac- 
ceden$  tiaturam^  hinc   plaftica  eft    &   labricaiHur  ab- 
eadem  capitula  pro  fiftulis    tabacariis. 

Cb)  Ochra  Fekri  Flava^  colore  luteo  vulgaris^ 
H«c  vulgatiffima  eft^  in  aciduli^  &  locis  raontofis,  ct* 
iam  in  paludibuf  praefehs,  interdum  fiffilis ;  ufurpa- 
tur ,  ubi  moUior  &  tcnuior  rcperitur ,  ad  tingcnda 
coria  pro  vcftibus.  Flint/ hire  in  Jnglia.  Hmttif  in 
Finiandia,     Kallmora  in  U^tjimmnia. 

(t)  Ochra  Ferri  flava,  colore  luteo  ^  alkalina. 
Hac    cum    acidis     effcrvcfcens   videtur  effe-mixtura 
ochrae  flavas  cum  terra  cretacea.     j^nglick 

Obji,  Ferrum  ab  acido  wtrioli  vel  Juiphutit  diliito^  arte  fotu* 
turn  t  atqve »  aut  per  fe»  aut  cum  alkali  prsecipitatumt 
fiaroum  Tiacipit  colorem ;  nullum  itaqve  eft  dubium,  qvia 
ochra  naturalis  flava »  ab  artificial!  nil  di(linaa«  nifi  for* 
ftn  admifcella  qvadam  aliarum  partlcularum  terre(lrium« 
producatur  4  mineria  terri  Aiiphureis  &  pyritlcofia  todaai 
tere  modo. 

aa^  FERRUM  actio  corrofum^  rubrtm.    Ochra  PerrI 
rubra.  Spec.  342* 

Ocbra  ferri  pulverea  rufa,    v.  LlNKi,  19a*  a. 
Sveth.  RoeDocKER.     BR^tJKfi.     RosT 
Gall.  OcHRB   D£  Fer  ROiroE.      RouiLLE    DS    FbR* 

Ochre  Rouce.     v.  Dk  Bomark.  38.   3» 
Germ*  Rother  Eise^ockbr 

Eft  terra  martialis  >  confiftentia  difcrepans  ^  colore  ru- 
bfo  ,  croco  martis  artificiali  firailis  5  interdum  pulverulenta 
aut  farinacea,  interdum  magis  folida;  calcinatione  obfcu- 
rior  redditur,  &  fufione  cum  materia  vitr^ficantc,  dat  fco 
riaa  nigras  ;  per  fe  igni  refiftit ;  fapore  martiali* 
,(a^  Ochra  .Ferri  rubra^  ad  fiavedimm  inclinanu 

R  a  'Eft 


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^tf#  |x  C  o  )  li^ 

Eft  pallide  rubra )  feu   ad  flavedinem  inelinalis;    eft 
eadem  qve  gallice  vocatur  ocbre  de  rue. 
'-■    Oif.  Hue,  Di  &llor«  pertinet*  qvs  vocatur  fa^riMr  isd/nn^ 
gallice  fougt  £lndej  gvx  eft  terra  martialis. 

(b)  OciiRA  Ferri  rubra  ^  colore  ohfcUro. 
Eft'pulvcrulenu,  particulis  durioribus   conftans;  "ad* 
hibetur  ad  poUenda  vitra;  gallice  vocatur  potee  vel 
biatay ;     Genuani  vocant  englifcb  Roth  ^     alibi  licet 
qvam  in  Anglia  reperiator. 

Cc)   OcuJtA    F£RRi    RUBRA,    crctocea  folida.      Ro* 

BR1CA* 

Talcum  fubfiffUe  rubrum  inqvinans^  v^  Linn*.  57.  3. ' 
Vocatur  tixc  ochra  ^  ab  aliis  ,  creta  rubra  ^  ab  aliif 
fteatites  ruber ,  vulgari  autem  nomine  rubrica ;  eft 
parum  indurata  ^  aqvam  imbibit  fed  ab  eadem  non 
emoHitur^  tamen  inqvinans  ^  piOoria  ^  glabra  ,  forti- 
ter  igni  reftftens  &  indurabilis ,  unde  argi  lacea  ejus<» 
'  dcra  indoles  patet  J  /errwt^ ,  fufionc  debite  inftitutt 
dat  ad  70  imo  go  pro  centenario;  unde  non  perfpty 
cio  ^  qva  ratione  nonnulli  eandem  confiderare  volue- 
runt  ^  ut  fteatitem  terra  martiali  imprsgnatum ,  qvum 
ex  hac  qvantitate  ferri  evidens  fit  banc  efle  meram 
terram  martialem.     Dalecarlia.     Flintfbire  in  Anglia. 

Ohf.  I,  Probe  haec  rubrica  diftingvenda  a  creta  rubra,  qvam 
dercripGmus  inter  terras  cretaceas.  Spec.  13*  lit.  3u 

Objl  9.  Rubedinem  rufcipit  terra  martialis  vel  calcinatimie  !n 
igoe^  vel  corrojione  fuccefliva  ab  acido  fubtilipri  yelaqvo 
fo,  ut  a  croco  mortis  artificiali  ncc  non  a  ferrugine  p%ter* 
Hine  ochra  rubra  la  paludibus  roartialibus  exficcatis  inter- 
dum  reperiri  folet.  Sed  rubrum  etiam  cororeni  babet  fer* 
rum  in  miqeris  bamatiticis^  k  q vibus' deftruftis,  qvio  all- 
qva  ochra  rubra  ori^inera  trabere  poflit*  vel  9  ex  eoden 
tuniamento,  qvo  bcmatites  Tuam  rubedinem  babet «  noa 
dubitamus. 

23.  FERRUM  folutum^  alkaU  pracipitatum  &  pblogifto 
junclum^  foruleum.  Cjkruleum  Berolinehse  ka- 
i^uRALfi^  Spec.  343* 

CaLx 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


^  C  O  )  l<J  %6l 

Calx  mortis  pblogifto  jwf&a  (f  alkali  pracipitata^    Cron- 

STEDT.  2o8»  9»  . 

Sveth.  Naturaligit  Bbrlikbr  blatt*  Bla  Jerk* 

OCHRA 

Galh  BLEa  db   Prussb   naturbllb.       Ochres  db 

F£R  bleubs 
Gerin«  Naturlichb$  Bbrlinbrblau^  Blauer  Eubk- 

OCKER 

Eft  terra  tsartis  colore  fere  coandeoy  fnWctvlcntz^  i 
fetro  foluto  9  praecipitato  ab  alkali  cum  materia  inflamma- 
bili  combinato  ,  ejasdem  indolis  cum  c^ruleo  Berolinenfi  or* 
tificiali.  Reperitur  in  Uplandia  argilla  adfixa  ;  in  Fitf 
landia  &  Scania  bumo  adherens.  Weiffmfels  in  Saxonia. 
Cfr.  ^a.  N.  C  To/.  X.  Obf.  XXX. 

Ohf.  Tiff  A  Scbneebcrgenfis  ^  oonnullis  vocatur  cafukum  mtm- 
tanum  ,  non  dubico  (jvin  hue  referatur:  utpote  cum  acidii 
efferv«fceos,  calcinatione  rubeos  &  tufione  rcoria:>  prsbens 
Digras.  Cfr.-^H^MCLEL  Approfr,  p.  laC.  AH^  N.  C«  VoL 
V.  p.  3»S.  Pott  in  Litbog.  Jf.\l.i%6. 

14.  FERRUM  h  minera  ferri  alba  (Spec^  336.)  deftruEla^ 
forma  tcrrejiriy  fufcum.      Ochra    Fbrri    fusca. 

Spec*  344. 
Mnera  ferri  alba  ptdverulenta  nigra^  Crokstbot*  31. 
Svcth    Brvh  Jernockbr 

Gall.    OCHRB   BRUKE 

Germ.  Braunbr  Eisenockbr 

Originem  habet  k  minera  ferri  alba ,  ealcarea  C^pec. 
3}6.  lis.  a  )  deftru£ta  ^  qvs  in  a^re  obfcurum  fufcipit  co* 
lorem ;  nonnollibi  &  k  minera  martis  lacuflri  plcrumqve 
fttfco  colore  tinda ;  raro  tamen  cum  acidis  eServefcit. 

Ct)  Ochra  Ferri  vv%ck  y  colore  umbra. 
Terras   umbras    htac  ad    colorem    fimilis,    atqve  pro 
cadem  interdutn  dtvenditur,;    fed  particukrum  duri- 
lie$)  gravitaa  atqve  defe£tus  odoris  in  igne^  banc 

R  3  ab 


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»5»  P^C  o  )^ 

zh  umbra  tarn  humofa,  qvam  argillofa  diftinguunt.  SoT* 
fkiensbergct  in  Norb&rg  ;  Halsherg  in  Nericia.  It^er* 
melandia. 

(h)  Hasc  fuligini  fimilis ,    minerse   tnartis  calcarcas  in- 
cuinbit.     ff^ejlfilfwberget. 

Ohfn  Circa  ocbrar  ferri  dercriptas  (Spec,  34I  •  344)  id  in  ^1^ 
new  obfervindum  qvod  etiara  in  refpedu  ad  duritiem 
particularum  &  eonfiftentiam  mtiltumdircrepent ;  alu  mollio- 
res,  lubrioB,  qNrales  in  acidulis  &  paludihus  adeffe  folent, 
4iUa  durioreg  ,  pulverulenta ,  q\r^les  nonnuUae  rubr«  & 
fiifcap,  «/i>  folida,  nt  rubrica;  ali^  cruftoCs,  q vales  de- 
fcripfu  Bayer  in  Orubt.  Nor.  Cap.  9.  p.  31. 

In  eo  autem  omnet  convenire  videntur ,  falcem  flaixc  If  ru- 
tru  ocbra^  qvod  proxime  ad  argilUceam  accedant  ntturacn, 
unde  earundem  origo  ab  argilla  probabilis  redditur.  Cfr. 
O^,  cirea  argilUi,  5,  lit,  d, 

%^4  FERRUM  corporibus  peregrinis  inh(erens.    pKxRiFrcA- 
TUM   perReum.  5pec.  345. 

Larvce  ferrifer(9,    Crokstedt.  191. 

Sycth,  JtERNwANDtiNGAH.      Jbunhaltigk  Pktrifi- 

^     CATIONER 

Gall,  Vkoetaux   et  animaux  peketr^s  de  Sub-' 

STANCES    FERRUOrNECSES 

Germ.   Eisenhaltige  Versteinerungen.      In    Ei- 

SENERZ   VERWANDELTE   GEWACHSE   0(>ER  ThIERE^ 

Sunt  ve^ctabilia  aut   anmalia  vcl  diverfa  conchylia^ 
fchracea  ferruglnea  materia  penetrata. 

(a^  Petrificatum  ferrecm  ,  ochraceum  terrefire  ra-^ 
dicum. 
Topbui  argillaceo  ochraceus^  perforatus^  tunicatus*    v.  Lin' 

Radicem  vegetabilium  ex  afTe  refert,  tarn  figura  qvam 
magnitudine  &  fibris.  Reperitor  ubivis  circa  Up/a* 
lim\in  pratis;  in  Lacu  Lcen^^tno  in  Bnlandia.  cfn 
^&.  Stockb.  X742. 

04/;  J 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


|w  C  o  ^  ►^  atfj 

0^  SI  qniJ  dlc^ret  banc  tcrram  ochraccam,  fuam  habcTv* 
.  origiaem  ab  argUlacea  terrkf  cum  inflvnmaUli  vegetabib'  m- 
corporaca  &  io  ociiraceam  terrain  mucaca,  hoc  impugna- 
re  noa  poffumus.  Obfervatioae  dignum  qvod  ciroa  radi- 
ces nooiiQatas  ochraceas  nuUuoi  vedigium  ochrs  depoli* 
19  reperiatur  &  nil  oifi  ar^lia  c»ruiea ;  ji  ab  aqua  niar- 
tiali ,  cur  oi ,  falcem  ia  viQioiis  boruoo  radicum^  ociirs  in 
argilla  reperlretur, 

(b)  Petrificatupi  FERREi?M^  fkcbtomm  ligneum. 
Punira^  fufco  vel  luteo  colore,  repqritur  ad  Qrbiffhn   io 

Bobemia ;  etiam  ad  $olms  Laubach  in  HaJJia ;    de  qyn 
poliQriQfi.     cfr,  JUibkne.cht  difcn  de    DiU    M^  p^ 

(c)  Pbtrificati?m  Perreom^  coTflUarium'. 

Eft  obfervatum^  Fungitis ,  Madreporis  ^  jflftroiHs^  in- 
haBfcns  forrum. 

(d)  P»TRipicATUM  p^RREUM^  ^BOphyHcunts 
(«)  Petrificat  iw  FERREOM^  conchyHorum^ 

Cbamita  ^  Ti^inita  ^  Comua  Ammonis  funt  obfervata 
fcrruginea* 

Obfervatiems  (k  fern  &  minerit  ferric 

OV^  Heperitur  inf\iper  ferruro,  in  omnl  fere  terra  &  Japiie 
colorato,  plurimisqve  aqvis\  magis  vero  fenfibilicer  & 
evidenter  in  feqventlhus  fpeciebus. 

imo,  inter  afi/ar,  haareferrl  poflunt« 
Ca)   tf  j^v-e  vitriolka  nmtUlfit, 
(h)  acidttU  piartialn 
(cj   ITjerma  marthlif. 

In  hydrologicis  defbribantur ,    &  ex  eo  cogaofcuntttr 
qvod  cum  fuhere  gallarum  nigrefcan^ 

ido,  Ttrra^  qvae  praecife  Iiuc  pertinent ,  (bnt 
Taj  Humus  colorata  martialii.  Spec.  8. 
(hj  Creta  metallica  colorata^  Spec.  13.    . 
Cc)  argilla  minerales  plutimze.  Spec,   a 8. 
(d)  Terra  puteolana  Cr  tarrar.  Spec.  40,  ^U 

3t]o,  Lapidis  &ykxa  buCTererenda. 
Ca)  Quarzum  eotoratuMf  nigrum.  Sipec.  98.  g. 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


a(54  tx  C  o  )  xJ 

Cb)  Granatuf  tam  rudii  quam  eryflallifatur ;  omni^.    Spec* 

no   &   112. 

Co  ^afoh  &  Sinopel.  Spec  137.  &  «4i. 

(d)  Bafabici  lapxdes  ^  Jplidi,  ffuuboji^  cry/latlifati  fihoju  Spec. 
I48&req\r. 

C«)  Magnepi    lapldes  ;     magnefxa  fuliginofa  ,   Ufu  pttr^ 
corius^  Jbuwia  lup'u  Spec.  I5a.feqv. 

(f)  Scbs/to(i  Upides  pliirimi.  Spec.  I5«»  &c,        ' 
(i)  Cornet  Upides  omaes.  Spec.  170.  &c, 

(^b)  Saxa  cornea.  Spec.  A09. 

f  i)  6axiim  /'^rreum ;  Svetb.  Binda  vocatum*  Spec,  ai^ 

i|to  ,    &i//tf :  hue  pertinent 

(a)  Fitrinlnm  ferru  virtde.  Spec.  a«9. 

(b)  yitriolum  msxtum.  Spec.  131.  a«  b«  C.  £ 

(c)  Terra   vitritlica.    Spec.  239, 
Cd)  Lapif  atramentarim^  Spec  233. 
Defcripu  inter  vitrhla. 

5to«  Sidpburea  corpora  •  Iq  quibus  ferrum  major!  copia  ho- 
fpitat,  funt, 
^a)  Pyriteijulpbureuf.  Spec.  274. 

(b)  Glotuli  pr/riticofi.  6pec.  275. 
f  cj  Marcbajita.  Spec,  a/tf* 
Cd)  Pyrit^/  fujcut.  Spec.  477, 

(e)  Utrificatum  pyriticojum.  Spec.  278. 

U«  Tpecies    iater  Julpbura  dercriptae,    ferrum    plurimam 
contioent. 

(StOf  Inter  femimetalla  fip  eorum  mineras^  hue  pertinent, 
(a)  Minera  arfeniei  alba.  Spec.  «87* 
^b)  Minera  arfeniei  alba  eryflallifata.  Spec.  288* 

(c)  Minera  arfeniei^  cinerea.  Spec.  a89. 

(d)  Minera  cohaki ,  teflularis.  Spec.  a9a» 
<e^  Mintra  cobalti  cinerea.  Spec.  »93. 
(^0  Minera  cobalti  fulpburea.  Spec.  294. 

(g)  Minera  cobalti  eryftallifata.  Spec.  295. 

Cn)  Minera  niccoU;  cuprum  mccoli  vocau.  Spec.  A99. 

fij  Minera  wijkutbi  martiaUt.  Spec.  311. 

()/i)  Minera  zinci.  Spec.  316. 

(\)  Minera  ztnci^  pjeudogalena.  Spec,  317* 

^m^  Minera  zincs,  pfiudognlena  ruhcni.  Spec.  |I8- 

(nj  Mioera  zinci,  pfeudo^akna  crjiftallifata.  SpeCt  3*9* 


jiso,  Metallic^  minerM  hue  pertinent 
(i)  Minera  cupr$  lazurea. 


00 

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<b)  Mlncra  Cupri  alba. 
(CJ  Mincra  Cupri  ^  grifea. 
(d)  Minera  Cupri  tepatica. 
(ej  Miuera  Cupri^flava. 
0J  Mioera  Cupri  paUtde  flavs. 
(g>  Mioera  Cupri  flavo  viridis. 

(h)  Mioera  Cupri  figurata  la   reqveatibus,  later   mineras 
.  Cupri  ^defcri  betide. 

(0  Qilena  Plumbi  inter  mlaeras  plumbi  dercribitur. 
(k)  M\neraStattm  cryftallifiita.invcQitur  inter  minerasStaoni 
0)  Minera  Argenti  alba,  inter  mineras  argenti. 
(m)  Minera  auri  pyriticoja. 

Obf.  a.  De/crro,  qnod  a  plurimis  M\s  terrir  lapidibttf(^^ 
nee  non  a  vegetMium  &  animalium  cine/ibus  pblogifiica 
materia  mixtis  &  caicinads  obdnetur ,  quaeftio  inter  che^ 
mcof  orta  fmt>  an  id  Ipfum  ut  eduHum^  an  ut.orcM^ttRifM 
confiderari  debeat  Priarem  rententian^  ruftinuerunt  Lemert 
in  flS.  Parif.  1706.  Jot.  Monti  &  Galeati  in  aS. 
Bonon,  T.  Ul.  P.  11.  Pqflcriorm  defendit  Bbcher  ia 
pb.fubt,  L.  LfcS.  III.  eaJK  5.  &  In  Morofopbid.  StahCt 
In  op.  ph.  chym.  Menfe  Sep.  cap.  III.  Geoffroyi  qvI 
primut  a  cineribus  vegetabilium  ferrum  obdnuit,  in  tfS.  «^ 
rif.i  1705.  &  1707.  JtJKCKER  in  confp.  ehem.  T.  1.  pag. 
926.  C.  Nextman  in  Pral.  de  ferro.  tJt  hbc  in  ncgodo 
ooftram  dicamus  fentendam,  inprlmis  fateri  neceffum  eft,  noo 
impughari  pofle,  in  plurimis  terris  &  lapidlbus,  imo,  ia 
vegetabilibus  &  ammaUbut;  qvidpiam  ferrl  accidentaliter  pof- 
fe  immixtum  elTe;  fed  an  hoc  de  omni  ferro,  qvod,ab  his 
corporibus,  modo  indicato  calcinatis*  per  magnetem  extrahi 
poteft,  did  poffit,  alia  eft  qvaeftio,  ad  q vam  ut  rite  refpon- 
deamus,   obfervari  debet ,  ^a)  ab  omni  terra,  five  colora- 

'  ta,fi^enon«  Imo,  &  lapide  pulverifato,  ferrum  mdgnete 
attraAile  obttneri ,  dum  oleum  gvodcunqve  ungvinojkm  be- 
ne admircetpr  &  cum  pulvere  fubigitur,  ab  his  n^ixtis  pa-^ 
fta  formatur,  qvae  in  globulos  coafta,  per  retortam  deftilla- 
tur,  &  terra  remanens  nigra  elutriatur.  Heic  yero  excipien- 
di  lapides  darioresj  quarzumj  arena  ^  cryftalli  &c.  utpote 
qvorum  pirticnte  duriores  &  denlioret  cum  materia  in- 
nammabiii  incorporari  non  puffunt  Cb}  ab  omni  vegetable 
li  flr  vegetabilium  parte,  ramulii ^  radice,  foUii^  fioribus^fi- 
mintbutt  fuccimelk,  ferrum  obdnetur,  dum  incineraacur  & 
snagnete  explorantur,  inprimis  fi  eoruodem  cineres  cum 
oUo  (ubafti  prius  calcinentur.  Qvoclrca  id  peculare  eft  ob- 
fer vatum,  qvod  plus  ferri  obcineatur  a  yegeubiiibus  minorl* 
H  5  bus 


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^ii  ><  C  o  )  K| 

bus  &  giajntnlbns,  qvam  a  majoribns'iirboribus  &  femlnilMii, 
plus  &  ab  Ixrbif  aamticis  qvam  lacuftribus.    (c)   Ab  omnl 
animalium  cincre  ferrum  feparari  poteft,    etiam  i  fat^vn^ 
buipaDO,  ojj^iu^   urinat  caUulii  glc.  majorl  vero  copia  4 
vermibuf  qvatn  ayibus^    Si  ab  his,   inajofi  copia  qvam  a 
suatkupedibui.   His  circumftaociis  debite  confideratis,  proba* 
Diliter  coocludrmiis,  martiale  lilud,  qvod  abenumeratis  cor^ 
poribusecmindemqv^  parcibus,  po(t  mcinerationem  &  calcN 
nationem  obcinecur,    ooo  uteduftum,   fed  ut  k  terra  Ulis 
iq  corporibus  exidente,  cum  inflammabili  mateia  combinata* 
pirodmumcourideian  pofle,  feqv^ntes  inAiperobrationes.*  i:o 
qv'i^ferrum^  qvod  modo  indlCHCo »  k  diftis  corporibus  fepa-* 
ratur«  nee  ante  nee  poft  calcinationem  z^nuinum,  efi  fetnmh 
qvum  nee  4r/4i/ nee  alkfltinh  liqvoribus  lolubile  exiftat.  E« 
jusdem  indoliseft  fere  oninif  mimra  firri  pura«  etiam  ocihr4 
&  cahfetri  ,    qva  nee  acido  vitrioli  ,  pec  aeijA  ^gctabili^ 
multo  minus  aquM  folvi  poteft ;  minus  Itaqve  probabili^ 
ter  vegetabilia  ^  animalia  insredi  poted.    Si  vitrialum  ef« 
fet«  qvod  aqua  folutum  ha^c  corpora  orgahica  ingreditur, 
'  turn  veftigia  decompofiti  vitriolt  in  iisdem  &prebea(kreotur } 
fcilicet,  tarn  Spiritus  mttioH  qvam  oc(r«;  fed  aeutrum  ad- 
hue  eft  obfervaium,  a-o  Dnbium  eft,  an  vitriakm  aqiM  fim 
hitum,  v^fa  ladea  ingredi  poffir«  faltem  repugnat  expeirimyen-^ 
tis  abEnv,  Wi^igh,  in  PUL  trarf.  Vol,  L^  P^  IK  p.  194, 
faftis  &  defcriptis;  &  fi  ingrederetur,  qvomodo  minima  vafa 
r^^k'jpenetrarepoflet;  qvomodo  per  yafa  abfocb^ntla  la 
nedariis  plantarum  |  vaporetemt  aquam  vaCi  vegetabllium 
ingredi  notum  eft  i  nunquam  vera  yt\  raro  ibrma  fluida. 
3.*o  .Si  ante  ineinerationem  prapfens  effec  martiale  in  vegeta^ 
biUbus&  animalibus,  certe  etiam  extrahi  poSet  k  tem«  poft 
putrefhBionem  horum  corporqm  relida,    Jpiritn  filis  yel 
aqm  ^egisi   fed  hue  usqve  nemo  in    hac  terra  veftlgiom 
terri  detegere  potuit,  4^0  Si  ferrum  bit  in  fa^pediais  cor^ 
poribus,  ante  ineinerationem  veicaleinationemeflet  pr9exi«> 
ftens,  majori  necefle  eft  eopia«  k  major!  bus  cor poribtis,  plus 
aqua  fltientlbus,  qvam  k  minoribus  obtineretur,  majori  & 
copia  a  terreftribus  qvam  ft  lacnftribus  &  marinrs,  ubi  mn 
nor  copia  vitrioll  reperitur,  Sed  oontrarium  indicant  expe- 
fimenta.   ^to  His  momencis  accedit   ,qvod  nuUo  idoneo  ar-. 
gumento«  nnlloqve  competeoti  experimento  qvisptam  ad^ 
hue  praeexiftentiam  terri  his  in  corporibus  apodidice  de- 
monftrare  potuerif, 

Vbfl  3,  Ferru;»  erulsminsrisdiverfimode  exeoqvltor  &  per^ 
ticUur,  pro  diveriUate  hidolis  miaerarum  &  pro  diverfo  uCvu 


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^  C  o  3  K}  a67 

Ma  antecedentem  ufttdationem  req virunt,  eandemqve  fortiiK 
rem  vel  debiliorem ;  tf/iVe,  ut  mtnera  ferri  fubaquofit^  &  plu- 
rimae  qva  dant  frigidum  fragile^  nulla  opus  babeot  uftulatipne. 
Minerae  fie  caicioatx  vel  rudes,  plus  minus cootufe,  furuis 
fnfiriis  majoribus,  aut  minoribus,  cum  admixtis  vel  ftrarUicatis 
carbonibuf ,  &^  ad  promovendam  fufionem,  fluore  debito*  In- 
primis  calcareo  lapide,  rarius  alio,  imponuatur,  ut  eliqvetur 
ferrum^  qvod  vacatur  ferrumfujkm^  dum  in  modulot  feu 
formas  k  furnis  fit  effluens  ad  diverfa  vaja  &  uteofilia  ;  vel 
firrum  erudum^  dum  in  cavitates  feu  canales  in  ^€na  faftas 
fit  profluens,  &,  ab  eadem  folTa,  obloogam  eylindri  biflfefti 
figuram  fufcipit.  Hoc  ferrum  crudum  transportatur  ad  o^ 
cinat  {errariasn  ubi  renovatam  fubit  fufipnem  &  debltam  fub 
malleo  extenfionem,  ut  melius  feoarentnr  heterogenea,  & 
ferro  debita  concilietur  duftilitas,  fine  malleati'^ne  namqve, 
vel  fine  peculiar!  alio  arcificio,  ad  duftilitateni  redigi  qoq 
poteft.   Cfr.  Elm*  MetalL  P.  Ill,  cap.  I-  p,  ad?,  &c. 

Qbf.  4.  A  minera  w^iti/  qvacuncjve,  vel  i  ferro  ChalvbS 
prsparatur.  Ad  cbalyhem  h  minera  obtinendum  triplex  re- 
qviritur  operatio;  (*a)  minerae  excoftio,  ut  obtineatur  /er- 
rum  crudum,  qvantumcunqve  poflibile,  fcoriis  &  heteror 
geneis  depuratnm,  [b]  ferri  hujus  crudi  renovata  fiifio  in  cha^ 
lybem  rudemtew  maflam  chalybeam,  aliqvantifper  malleo  ex- 
tendendam,  [c]  Coriatio  cbalybis  in  cbalybem  purum,  qvaa 
fspe  interata  ignitions,  malleatione  &  flexura  perficitun 

jt  y^rro  m^/^o/o  chalybsprspaiatur,  141  tmrnerfione^  dum  ba- 
cilli ferrei  in  aliud/err«w  forti  igne  fufum,    aut  in  fcoria9 
ferri  fuCis,  Immerguntur;  qvi  chalybem  praeparandi  modus 
antiqvij  ad  partem  notus  videtur,^  utpoteqvem  dcfcribunc 
AORicotA  de  re  metnll.   L.  XfX.  p.  842.   Ferd.   iMPJBf 
KATf  in  H.  N.  L*  XIIX.  cap.  XlIX^  p,  49^-  &  58o.  ve 
camentatione^  dum  bacilli  ferrei  liujusmodi  cum  materialihus 
ab  omoi  latere  ]nvolvuntur»  qvs  ferrum  confervant,'fimul 
tamen  alij^vam  forfan  inferre  poflunt  mutationem ;  velinun^ 
Bionen   dUm  baculi  ferrei  forti  cum  lixivio  k  cineribus,  fale 
eommuni  &  fulsgine  praeparato  inunguntur   &  deinde  carbom 
nei  inter  fortiter  igniuntur,  qvod  UBpius  repetendunu    D0 
caetero,    notandum  qvod  cbalybf  etiam  a^cidcntaliter  obti* 
neri  poflit,  in/oriV/j</^>r/M  majoribus  in  qvibus  ferrum  pro 
mall<?atlonefunditur,   dum  fufum,  extra  fcorias,  immediate 
fit  ij^nis  vioienti^  expofitum  &ab  igne  penetratum.     Etiam 
in  focis  extenjbriif  obmttur  chalyt^  a  ferro,  qvod  a  baciU     ^ 
lis   ierreis,    fub  fortiori   ignitioae  defluit ,    qvod  &  jam 
dudum  ad  partem  coria turn  &  purgatum  eft.  n  r       ^ 


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Olf.  ^.  Cbalyhi  differt  a  firro  [a]  JhMUtdU  ptrticularam  & 
fibrarum,  [b]  grMtMte  Jpeeifica  mj^ori,  qv«  la  rbalybe  eU^ 
Jlico  reperttur  ad  7.  809.  [c j  duritie  maxima ,  [d]  magna  eUr 
Jlicitate ,  fUxitilitate  &  temcitate  \  [e]  folutu ,  q vem  peoe*^ 
traatem  edit  dumfrangitur  vel  di&lic,  [f]  mioori  in  fgae 
fciodlUcione,  [g]  majori  ad  magnetem  atiraftione  &  faciUu«^ 
te  vim  magnedcam  rufcipieiidi.  Hi^  concluditur ,  realem 
cbalybem  ioter  &  ferrum  differeodam «  dcpendere  partim  i 
nonoullarum  particularum  Teparadone  vel  reduftiooe,  und« 
minor  In  igne  fcintilUeio  &  major  ad  magnetem  attradio, 
pwtim  \  pardcularum  ferri  ^ttenuatione  &  ardiori  conoe*^ 
xiooe,  unde  gra vitas  &  denfttas  major  deoendet,  oecnon  e- 
lafticitas  &  flexihilitas.  Urgent  chnmci  Sr  metallurgi ,  par* 
dculas  inflammalfiUs  majori  copia  cum  ^erro  communicari« 
ftibejiisdem  mutatione  in  cli^lybem;  Ted  nobis  videtor  im» 
poOibile,  ut  fsmim  vel  aliud  mecallicum  corpus  admittae  ma* 
jorem  propordonem  &  qvandratem  afterutriui  partis  effimia* 
Hf  feu  conflitutivM,  absqve  totali  muutione  corporis ;  ex  «d« 
verfo^  magis  probabilicer  dici  p<>fle,  eo  minu^  ferrum  in  dia* 
lybem  mutari  k  majori  qvaodute  materia  inflamabilis  in 
chalybe,  qvod  omnis  apparatus  ad  pr»parationem  clialybis 
potius.eo  tendat,  ut  aut  d  (Tipetur  q vidpiam^  iUt»  ut  pardcu- 
Ixcohftituentes attenuate  arftius  coadunentur;  pretereaqucr 
notum  materiam  inflammabilem  f^no  majori  copia  admix* 
tarn,  id  ipfiim  molliutzc  leviuf  reddere^  non  durum  &  gra- 
vius ;  minorem  infuper  rcintiladonem  clialybit  Tub  ignitione 
^  &  roaileatione  podua  defeftum  qvam  incrementum  materia 
infLimmabilis  iiidicare;  alia  ut  reticeamus  momenta »  alibi 
allau  in  Ekm*  metaU.  P.  IV.  cap.  I.  p.  389.  &c. 

'  Obf.  6.  Amiakthui^  qvem  obrerravit  GRicKoKln  furao 
Aiforio  ^erri »  niliil  aiiud  eft  qvam  filmentofa  calx  dUa^  wtol^ 
lifferru  inferrum  omnino  reducibilis,  qv«in  fiffurisfoci* 
ubr  Tcoriis  teftae  fuot,  reperiri  Tolet  Congi^it  b«c  calx 
cum  terra  alba»  qva?  k  fqvamh  ftrri  obtinetur,  dum  huiua- 
modi  (Vamuls  minorest  qv»  in  fuperficie  fisrri  fUfi,  t  fur* 
ois  majoribus  eifiuentis»  refrigerati,  reperiri  folent  &  colligi 
pofTunt*  diu  u(lulantu%  donee  omne  inflammabiledifflpatua 
nierie  remanente  calce  alba.  Datur  itaqve  alia  terra  vel 
calx  mard%  qvam  ocbra  flata ,  rubra ,  fujcd  vel  carulca* 

Obf.  7.  NobWjJimtm  &  prsftandnimum  id  fdrrum  iudicandum 
•ft,  qVoddebita  gaudet  proporttone  partium  conftituendum ; 
ab  omni  materia  heterogeoea  immixta  liberum,  atqve  in 
iuflilitaii^  tcwMcUate^  imnU  &  alafiicitate  exceUit.   Cog* 

aorci* 


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^fcs  f  o ;  «i  4«f 

itofclttif  reny  iumitas  I  flexutis  #  qvas  <jvo  plures  ffemnn, 
fine  fiffura  ftibite  valec#  eo  melius  jure  ctni^iwt  \  tenacitai 
patet  4  partictilb  fibrofis«  Ditrities,  partim  k  fono  parum 
obtufo*  dum  mallei  iftibus  percut.tur  ^  parctm  k  repercuifio 
oe&veftigio  relifto  inDOtefcit;  elafticifas  tam  k  percuf^o* 
ne  qvam  flexura  patet.  Hluc  nobilicas  fertijveeani,  qvod 
ex  optimis  ellqvacur  mloeris#  rcilicec  mtmrti  Jerri  mpii^ 
in  qvibus  perfeftum  eft  ferrum. 

Obf.  9»  Qvc  fiat  parUi  eonftitutiv^t  qvibus  ^3rrum  A  natun 
compouiciir,  diverlW  lunc  fenteonv*  Geoffroi  conteodit 
ferrum  ette  Gompofituro  k  terra  ^  oleo  kituminofo  &  acid9 
vitriolico»  qvod  fapore  in  croco  martis  nofci  dicit.  Lbmb* 
HT  ex  adverfo  exiftimavit  ft^rnim  eOe  compnfitum  a  terra 
&  julpburea  Teu  okofa  mattrria;  acidum  vero#  qvod  Geof^ 
frot  ftatuit»  opinaturad  ferrum  non  pertinere»  qvum  acida 
i^rrum  deftriiant.  Galbati  Vexohoc acidum  admittere  vi-^ 
detur »  fed  fimul  aO^alinum  qvid  iti  f^rro  adeffe  opinatur* 
JuKCX£R«  C.  NfiUMAN  &  eorum  feqvaces,  non  nlfi  de 
terra  &  principio  inflammabili  ^  ut  partibus  Con(litutivis  lo- 
imintur.  i^NOWYM.  jlu^ftr  Itbri  von  dem  Untetjcbeid  der 
Ciymic^cit  cooftitutivum  ferri  effe  falino  vitriolicitm. 

Koa  exinfroamua   ferrum    ejje  compofitum  ito  A   materia  iV 

fiammabili,  qux  eft  manifeU^  $   in  ferri  fulguratione  &  fcin* 

Ulatiooe»  ejusdem  dctonaciooe  cum  nltro«  oec  noo  materiae 

fulpburea  feu  inflammabilla  produftiooe  cum  acido  vitrio^ 

lico,  ut  &  in  calcinati  ferri  reduftioae* 

n:l.  A  terra  auadam,  qvam  tfrj^/Z/tfr^tfiw  effe  prob^^billter  COft- 
cludimus  La]  ab  experimento  BecrbRi  ,  ferrum  ab  omni 
Argilla.  cum  inflammabili  materia  tradtata,  producente.  [b] 
Ab  obfervatione  Zimrnermatim  id  Berg.  Acad  p.  91.  qva 
cooftat,  ferrum  &  fcorias  ferri  In  argilliiceam ,  poft  Ion- 
gum  tempus,  redire  terram,  qva  &  conJtaf#  alius  fidelis  virf 
narratione,  mineram  mortis  cum  fimo  mixtam*  io  terram 
agricolisf  idoaeam «  feu  argillaceam  mutari.  Hoc  confir- 
mant  obfervacionesalis  diverfis  in  locit  USiv,  qvibus  patet, 
niiueras  martis^  poft  longiorem  femporls  moram  >  mutatas« 
vegetabdium  crefcentis  non  effe  impedimento»  fed  potlui 
eaMem  promovere»  ut  patet  k  maximis&  crafliffimis  arbor!-* 
bus  fupra  antiqvos  acervor  minerarum  crefcentibus.  NemU 
oi  autem  ignotum,    acbram  martit  61  ferruginem   inidonea 

avam  maxime  efle  ad'  promovendam  vegetabilium  crefcen* 
am.  [c]  Ab  argilla  inprimis  cerulea,  radicem  vcgetabi- 
Itm  ciroumambieatia  nutatioaa  ia  n^raceam  iadoltun*  qvod 

ubl- 


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tibi^ris  fefe  inC6llibuf^  pratis  obfenrari  poCeft^  juxtt 
obfervationes  PratL  Ad]um.  Tid8Tr5m.  Hoc  &  coQfir* 
tnaoc  radices  vegetabilium  terrificata*  (d)  Ab  almiaari  terrM^ 
qv£  sqve  iu  pyrite  ac  ia  argilla  repericor* 

Stio,  Ab  aliqva  aciditate  feu  eUBrica  materia  f  in  argillaeed 
.  terra  Jixata^  q5ra  &  eadem  terra  ia  terram  mArtit  muU'* 
tiUTt  aliam  induens  indolem.  KxceleEhica  materia  probatur,  (a) 
iijiintillulit  eledricls  qva«  terrum  in  igae  emittit,  (b)  kM» 
xma  attraHione  q vx  reperitur  inter  terrum  &  materitn 
eleftricam*  ut  ab  idlbus  fulmineis  patet,  (c)  ab  barmowM 
qvae  eft  obrervata  inter  ekSrieam  materiam  &  magnetem^  (d) 
ab  attfaHione  &  folubilitate  maxima  ferri  in  aeido  vitriolico^ 
qvod  ejusdem  fere  indolis  cum  materia  eleHrida^  accedente 
inpmmabili  fubtilillimo,  dlcant  pliyQciqvidquid  yeliot.  Hinc» 
Vkleor  roihl  perfpicere ;  cur  magues  vix  nifi  ad  Xliperft* 
ciem  ac  in  die  reperiatur  ?  Saltem  prohindei  in  veois  nua- 
quam  adeft;  cur  argilia  JuhiUlis  magis  martialia  quam  ii*^ 
la  qvae  profuodius  reperitur  ?  Cur  terra  In  vegetdbilibut  fir 
animalibuf  ^jpxmttns  ^  martialis  fieri  poflit)  Kxlftimamiis 
eieftricam  materiam  plus  m)aus  figr  poiTe;  fed  liberum 
alila  relioqvimus  lioc  ia  puafto  iudiciumi 


%   132. 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


2.  CUPRUM,  Venus.  .Es.  Gen.  54- 

Sveth.  KoppAR 
GalU  Cuiv^aE 
Gefm«  KupFsa 

I.  Eft  tnetallum  colore  rubro  ^  fraOtira  nitens  ^  ttxtnta  (b« 
hda,  walleabilitatt  6l  du£tilitate  majori  pr^itum  qv^m 
fefrum,  uiick  in  tetiaifflma  folia  malleari,  afqve  in  fila 
flibci  iflima  trahi  ,  fine  fiflura  ^  poteft  ;  duritie 
vero  &  tlafticHatt  minofi  qvam  fcrrum  gatidct^  majo* 
fi  autcm  qvam  rcliqva  met^l  a ,  qvae  cupro  fcindi  & 
limari  poffuht;  tenacitate  etiam  minofi  eft  qvam  fer*  - 
rum  ;  filura  cuprcum  ^  diametro  ^  poll.  Rhen.  ttott. 
nili  299I  libras^  fuie  ruptura^  Ajfpenfasttcnere  pot- 
eft  ;  fonitu  &  clangore ,  ferrum  6i  reliqva  omnia  fere 
metalla  (Uperac. 

a.  Jk  aire  nigtcfcit  In  Aipefficle^  delnde^  longlori  trans* 
aOo  tempore  I  per  feculom  &  uitra^  fit  aruginofum^ 
tit  patet  k  laminid  cupreis  in  i%&\i  domoram  &  tern- 
plofum. 

3.  In  aqvapura  non  folvitur;  in  aqvij  vero  drj^nicotihut^ 
Jdtinis  &  pingvioribus  5  »ruginem  ^  citius  ^  tardius, 
contrahit* 

4^  Gradate  fptcifica  eft  in  proportione  ad  aqvam  ut 
8,789  vel  9,odot:  i^oooj  in  aqva  itaqvc  f  vcl  ^ 
fui  ponderis  partem  perdit. 

)«  In  igne  aperto  facile  ignltur^,  longe  ante  fufionem  &  be« 
ne  ignitum  flammara  perpctue  tingit  colore  cmrnko 
viridefcente ,  absqve    fcnfibili  dccremento  ponderis* 

4«  Igne  calcinatorio  mitiori  ^  aSris  a£^ione  adjavante  ^  in 
rrocum  rubrum  vertittir^  qv«  calcinacio  multom  la- 
boris  &  temporis  requirit^ 

'  7.  Igne 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


87*  rx  r  o )  Ki 

7«  IgMfufiriOf  qvcra  fortcm  rcqvirit,  minorem  licet  qvam 
ferf  ura ,  nuUam  patitur  mutationem  fenfibilem ;  auQo 
&  continuato  vcfo  igne  fbrciori,  partim  in  fumum 
avolat  )  qvi  fumus  colle£lus  verum  eft  cuprum^ 
partim  mfcorias  vcrtitur. 

t.  Cum  acido  vitrioU  effervcfcit  cum  fimio^  &  ab  eodem 
folvitur,  unde  vitriolum  cupri  casruleum.  kSi*  Sfic^ 
I2g.   Obf.  2. 

5»  Cum  adio  nitri  vel  aqva  forti  fortiter  effcnreiat  cum 
fumo  rubentc;  folutio  fit  viridejcens  ^  qv«  cryftallos 
dat  parallelipipedas  candeas  fere  pellucidas. 

I0»  Ah  acido  falls  asgre  folvitur  &  vix  fine  calore  &  igne^ 
folutio  tie^c  primum  fufca,  delnde  obfcure  viridis^ 
non  eft  cryftallifabilis.  Cuprum  verocalcinatum^  fea 
crocus  veneris  facile  acido  Talis  fo!vitur. 

II*  Ab  aqva  regis  folvitur  ,  folutione  obfcure  viridi^  qva 
cryftallos  dat  opacas ,  irregulares,  parum  albefcentet. 

12.  Ah  acido  vegetabilium  fucco ,  liqvore  vel  fpiritu  qvocun- 
qve  folvitur.  Cum  acido,  vini  producitur  viridb  j^ris, 
qvod  eft  fa!  metallicum  opacum  viride,  produdum  ab 
acido  vini  cum  materia  inflamiilabili.  Cum  aceto  de^ 
Jlillato^  dum  hoc  viride  aeris  folvitur^  produwntur 
Flores  ^Rf6,  qvi  funt  cryftalU  veneris  iniceto. 

I3«  jib  oleis  qvibuscunqve  folvitur,  colore  viridefcente ; 
nee  non  ab  atdmalium  liqvoribus,  laOe^  fero  laSlis^ 
fudore  &c. 

14.  A  liqvoribus  alkalinis,  folyitdr  colore  caruleo^  diffi- 
ciltus  ab  alkali  fixo ;  facilius  ab  alkali  volatUi^  unde 
cryftalli  veneris  obtineri  poflunt.  Cuprum  in  aliis 
mixturis  ve|  mineris  latens  facile  detegitur  &  mani(e« 
ftatur,  colore  caruko^   qvcm    fufcipit  Jpiritus  falis 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


|x  C  0  )  K$  V'^        ft73 

ammSniaci  cum  fale  alkalino  deftillatus  ^  dum  iisdetrt 
cum  mixturis  vel  corpohbus  auc  bene  agitatuf)  auc 
vaft  claufo  digeritur. 

15,  Cum'orani  vietallo  &l  fefnimBtallo  eft  commifcibile j 
fuaqve  admifcella  parum  aut  nihil  tollit  de  malleabi« 
litate  nobiliorum  metallorum  ^  auri  (^  ar^enti  ^  qvi- 
bus  &  plumbum  addi  poteft;  paulo  duriora  autem 
hasp  metaUa  reddit  ,  pro  qvantitate  admixtionis  i 
ftannum  vero  fragilius  reddit;  de  csetefo  ,  in  albis 
metallis  non  fempcr  coloris  mutationem  producit,  ni- 
fi  major  proportio  cupri  fuerit  ^  ipfum  licet  a  zinCQ 
nunqvam  non  flavo  tingatur  colore,  &  ab  arfenico  ^  co- 
lore albo.     jtiuri  color  exaltatur  a  cupro. 

x6^    Cum  fnercurio  dlfficulter    ttmalgamatur  ^  qvum    fub 
amalgamatione  calcinetur. 

Obf.  I.  Cuprum ^  a  Cypro  infiiUi  PttKro  lefte*  nomenha- 
bet.  in  Cypro  namqve  blim  magna  Copia  repercumfuit,UQ- 
de  &  adhpc  vitrblum  cseruleum,  vocari  folet  cypticum^ 
Uadeaamverohoc  ffieta|ium  nomeii  /Eais  obtinuerit,  cum 
certitudiuc  did  non  poteft.  Antlqvis  duplex  ^l  fait,  unum 
typrtcum^  alcerum  corintbincum  ^  qvod  pofterius,  nonnullif 
a  retiqviis  e  terra  erutis,  oriebalcum  fuiire  cxiftimant;  alii 
Vero  ,  mixtur/im  metalticam  pro  campanir  tulfle  contendunt* 
A  cbemicis  appellatur  boc  metallum^  l^cnus ,  &  a  nonnul«* 
W^  mer€trix  mtaUorum  ^  for  fan  ob  facilem  folutionem  & 
mifcellam* 

Ohf.  ft.  Hoc  roetallum  olfm  major!  In  ufu  fu'fle*  qvam  ho- 
dieroo  tempore,  noviroiis  ab  hiftoria  &  antiqvitatlbus  He* 
braoiAm^  Gtitcoirum  Si  RomAuorum^  undedifcimus,  hos  po* 
pulos,  loch  ferri,  ufos  tu-ffe  cupro  ad  Vari^  Utenfilia  tam  in 
belle  qvam  pace,  ad  lollrumenta  bellica  ^  re*,  aj^rarlae*  rcl 
doraeft/cae  &c. ;  unde  &  antiqvi  Romdni<&  Graci  poftula-* 
runt  vim  aerlspriusqvam  ferrl  notam  fulfle,  ur  iodicavimus 
in  Obf.  circa  ftrrum  §,  130,  Hinc  nos  concludimus,  antiqNTia 
his  populis  bene  notam  tuUre  artem  cuprum  iniurandi,  Cfr» 
Calmet  BibL  UttUrfucb.  p.  53*  file*  Caylus  Anti^^U 
Gr€cqves  &c*  Vol.  Ik 

Tom,  IL  S  $.  t33* 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


a74  «)^  C  o  )  «J 

I.  CUPRUM  nativum.  Spec.  346^ 

Cupruni  nudum  miner  a  inbarens.  v«  Likn£  143.    2* 
Cuprum  nativum.  Cronstedt*  1193. 
Sveth.  Gkdigkn  koppar 

Gail*    CUIVRE  VIERGE    OU  CuiVRE   KATIF.     V.   DE  Bo- 
MARE.    285* 

Germ.  Gediegekes  rupfer* 

Non  ea  qvidem  eft  hoc  cupram  nativum 'puritatc, 
qva  gaudet  cupram  depuratum  &  purificatum;  taraen  fa- 
cile malleabile  &  duQlle ,  colore  utplurimura  rubra  ,  fla- 
vefcente  vel  obfcui;^e  rubente,  maculis  &  particulis  cac- 
ruleis  vol  viridibus  ,  ab  asrugine  dependentibus  ^  in  fu« 
perficie  faspe  tindum;  ad  bafm  lapideam  vel  mineralem 
adfixum  &  qvafi  adnatum  vel  immixtum  ,  .  interdum  in 
Jtratis  cum  lapidibus  laroellaribus,  inprimis  Spatbo^ 

(a)  Cuprum  nativum^  cryfldlifatum. 

Cuprum  cryftatlifatum  ottoidrum.  v.  Linn6.  143.  3. 
Eft  iigura  oOoSdrica  vel  cubica  pyriticoia.  India. 

(b)  Cuprum  nativum,  granulatum. 

Majoribus  vel  minoribus  fruftulis  feu  particulis  ,  in  ma* 
trice  lapidea  vel  minerali«  HasflekuUa  in  Nmcia. 
Sunnerfkog  in  Smolandia^     Weftindia. 

(c)  Cuprum  nativum  ,  foliaceum. 

Foliis  arborum  sqvale ,  fed  fine  nervis  ,  in  fiffuris 
minerarum  &  lapidum ,  feu  in  ftratis,  fine  dnbio,  ge- 
neratum.  Krafnavolock  in  Rujfia.  Hungaria.^Wefiindia. 

{A)  Cuprum  nativum  ^  dendroida. 

Arbori  ramofs  asqvale.  Krafnavolock  in  Rujpa*  Sibt" 
ria.     Hungaria. 

(^e)  Cuprum  NATIVUM,  botryoides^ 
Hungaria. 

(f)  Cuprum  nativum,  capillare^ 
Tenuiffirais  qvafi  filis  conftat^     Franckenberg. 

Cg) 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


t>^  C  O  )  Kj  27s 

(g3  CuptiuM  i^ATivuM ^  fuperficiale. 
Lapidibus.  vcl  mineris  fuperficialitcr  adha&r^ns*     Sun^ 
nerjkog  inSmolandia.     Pluriraisqve  fodinis  cupreis. 

Ohf.    Adnatum  repertum  eft  cupniro  natf  vum  divcrfis  lapldf- 


Kontzojar  in  RuJJia.  (4)  Lapi^  arenario  in  Siberia.  ^5) 
Scbi^o  ad  Contecb  in  Siberia  y  &  in  Gexmania,  ^6)  Mine- 
ris cupri  diverfis,  pluribws  In  locls.  [7]  Mineris  ar/eniei 
alba  &  cinerea ,  .allisqve, 

ft.  CUPRUM   purum    ex  folutione  vitriolica  pracipitatum. 
Cuprum  prjecipitatum.  Spec.  347. 

Cuprum  pracipitatum  fupra  ferrum,  arenofum  coalefcens.  v. 

LlNN^    143.    I. 

Cuprttm  nativum  particulis  conglomeratis  diftinUis*   Croh* 

STLDT.    193.    2. 

Sveth.    Cement  -  roppar.       Prjrcipitbrad   kop- 
par 

Gall.    CUIVRE  PRiftCiPIT^.     V      DE     BjOMARE.    I94. 

Germ*  C^rment^kupfer.    Pr^lcjpitirtes  Kupfer 

Eft  cuprum  purum ,  colore  rubenfe  ,  ab  aqvjs  yitrio- 
Ikis  rponte  vel  cum  ferro  prascipitatum ;  ea  caret  foliditate 
&  denfitate,  qvas  reperitur  in  cupro  nativo ,  particulis  cu- 
preis forma  qvafi  arenacea  conglomeratum  ,  adeoqve  mi- 
nori  connexione  partiurn  gaudens ,  friabile  exiftit. 

Ca)  Cuprum  pracipitatum,  fine  bafi. 
Minoribus   particulis    conglomeratis  conftat,    ftruftura 
plerumqve  amorphum.     Fahlun^     Garpenberg  in  Dale" 
carlia. 

Cb)  Cuprum  pracipitatum,  bafi  minerali  vel  Vige^ 
*         tabUi. 

Hoc  ut  incrM/?flmfw  confiderari  poteft,  praetipitatum  ad 
diverfa  corpora ,  terrea  ,  lapidea ,  vegetabilia ,  inpri- 
mis  ad  ferrum,  unde  &  faepe  figuratum  exiftit. 

Sa    •  Obf.i. 


Digitized  by 


Google 


a74  «)^  C  o  )  «J 

I.  CUPRUM  nativum.  Spec.  346. 

Cupruni  nudum  minera  inbarenu  v*  Linn^  143.    2- 
Cuprum  nativum.  Crokstedt*  1193. 
Sveth.  Gkdigkn  koppar 

Gail.    CUIVRB  VIERCE    OU  CUIVRE   HATIF.     V.   DE  Bo^ 
MARE.    285. 

Germ.  Gediegekes  kupfer* 

Non  ea  qvidem  eft  hoc  cupram  nativum 'puritate, 
qva  gaudet  cupram  depuratum  &  purificatum;  taraen  fa- 
cile malleabile  &  duQUe ,  colore  utplurimum  rubra ,  fla- 
vefcente  vel  obfcui;^e  rubcnte,  maculis  &  particulis  cae- 
ruleis  vel  viridibus  ,  ab  asrugine  dependentibus  ^  in  fu« 
perficie  faspe  tindum;  ad  bafin  lapideam  vel  mineralem 
adfixum  &  qvafi  adnatum  vel  immixtum  ,  interdum  in 
Jtratis  cum  lapidibus  laroellaribus ,  inprimis  Spatbo^ 

(a)  Cuprum  nativum,  cryftallifatum. 

Cuprum  cryftatlifatum  odoedrum.  v.  Linn6.  143.  3, 
Eft  figura  o3oSdrica  vel  cubica  pyriticofa.  India. 

(b)  Cuprum  nativum,  granulatum. 

Majoribus  vel  minoribus  firuftulis  feu  particulis  ,  in  nia*> 
trice  lapidea  vel  minerali»  H'dsflekuUa  in  Ntricia. 
Sunnerfkog  in  Smolandia^     Weftindia. 

(c)  Cuprum  nativum  ,  foliaceum. 

Foliis  arborum  asqvale ,  fed  fine  nervis  ,  in  fiffuris 
minerarum  &  lapidum ,  feu  in  ftratis,  fine  dnbio,  gc- 
neratum.  Krafnavolock  in  RuJJia.  Hungma.^Weftindia. 

{A)  Cuprum  nativum  ^  dendroida. 

Arbori  ramofs  asqvale.  Krafnavolock  in  Rujpa*  Sibt^ 
ria.     Hungaria. 

(9)  Cuprum  nativum,  botryoides^ 
Hungaria. 

(f)  Cuprum  nativum,  capillare^ 
Tenuiflimis  qvafi  filis  conftat^     Franckenberg* 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


t><  C  o  )  «t  ^7s 

(g)  CuptiuM  i^ATivuM ^  fuperficiale. 
Lapidibus.  vcl  mineris  fuperiicialiter  adh^r^ns*     5ttfi* 
nerjkog  inSmolandia.     Pluriraisqve  fodinis  cupreis. 

0*/I  Adnatum  repertum  eft  cuprum  natf  vum  divcrfis  lapldf- 
bus  &  mineris  ;  (ij  Lapidi  calcareo  V  fpathofo  in  fbdina 
Ha/flekulla  in  Nericia;  in  tVeJlindia^  C?)  Qvarzoin  Siberia 
^  Hun^aria.  (3)  Fetrffilici .  V  Jajpidi  yKrafnavolock  ad 
Kontzojdf  in  RuKa.  (4)  Lapidi  arenario  in  Siberia.  Ci> 
Scbijlo  ad  Contecb  in  Siberia  y  &  in  Getmania.  ("6)  Mine- 
ris ftt/vi  diverfis,  pluribw  in  locb.  [7]  Mineris  arfeniei 
alba  6l  cinerea ,  aliisqve. 

ft.  CUPRUM   purum    ex  folutione  vitriolica  pracipitatum. 
Cuprum  prjecipitatum.  Spec.  347. 

Cuprum  pracipitatum  fupra  ferrum,  arenofum  coaUfcens.  v» 

Linn*  143.  i. 
Cuprttm  nativum  particulis  conglomeratis  diftinUis.   Croh* 

STLDT.    193.    2. 

Sveth.    Cement  -  koppar.       Pracipiterad   kop- 
par 

Gall.    CUIVRE  PRiftCiPIT*.     V  "    DE     BjOMARE.    I94. 

Germ*  C^rment^kupfer.    Pr4lC!PItirtes  Kupfer 

Eft  cuprum  purum ,  colore  rubcnfe  ,  tb  aqvjs  yitrio- 
Ifcis  rponte  vel  cum  ferro  prascipitatum ;  ea  caret  foliditate 
&  denfitate,  qvas  reperitur  in  cupro  nativo ,  particulis  cu- 
preis forma  qvafi  arenacea  conglomeratum  ^  adeoqve  mi- 
aori  connexione  partiufn  gaudens ,  friabile  exiftit. 

Ca)  Cuprum  pracipitatum,  fine  bafi. 
Minoribus   particulis    conglomeratis  conftat,    ftruftura 
plerumqve  amorphum.     Fahlun^     Garpenberg  in  Dale" 
carlia. 

Cb)  Cuprum  pracipitatum^  lafi  minerali  vel  Vige^ 
^         tabili. 

Hoc  ut  incrM/?flmfw  confiderari  poteft,  prascipitatum  ad 
di verfa  corpora ,  terrea  ,  lapidea ,  vegetabilia ,  inpri- 
mis  ad  ferrum,  unde  &  faepe  figuratum  exiftit. 

Sa    •  Obf.u 


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Google 


ft76  tX  C  o  )  K5 

Qbf.  I.  Qui  wtriolum  earuUum  in  aqva  folyit,  &  in  bane 
iblutioneip  lojicit  tVuftulum /<rrn\  facile  Invenief,  qvomodo 
hoc  cuprum  geoeretun  Si  vitrioliim  cupri  csruleum  huine-> 
Aatur'&ad/^rrmv  politum  adtricatur,  Itatim  cruda  rubente 
cuprea  obducicur  ferrum.  Caufla  haec  eft,  gvod  acidum 
vicrioli  majonadfemim  gaudeat  actradione^id  ipfum  folvae, 
bi  eojpfo  particulai  cupri  folutasa  redlmittac;  unde,  praeci* 
pitacum  cuprum  eaodem  qvoqve  figurani  fufcipiat ,  necefle 
eft,  qvam  habuic  ferrum  in  vitriolicam  (blutionem  injeduro. 
An  vero  omue  cuprum  pracipstatum  natwrale  ,  hoc  mo- 
do  fit  generacum  vel  produdum,  diCere  nou  poifumus ;  pro- 
be fcientes^  in  plerisqve  mineris  cupri  nonnifi  purum  effe 
cwi^xxxm  julpbure  ^ut  arjenitovti  ucrisqve  miaeralifatum  ,  & 
hsc  mineralifaatia  corpora,  Viribus  naturae,  aere&aqvade- 
flrui,  vel  a  cupro  fine  ejosdem  calcmationei  feparari  pofle, 
cupro  ciitn  remanente  puro. 

Obf,  fl.  Sunt  qVi  exiftimant,  omne  cuprnm  nativum  efle  p^ 
jiaturalem  praecipitatlonem  produftum ,  atqve  graniila  cupri 
pra?cipitata  cum  tempore  confolidefcere  pofle  in  texturam 
folidam.  Sed  dubito  an  h^c  coalefcentia  pafticularum  cupri 
pr^cipitati  irretragabili  teftimonio  adhuc  fit  confirmata  ;  du- 
bito q  voqVe,  an  cuprum  natiVum  dendroides,  vel  granularf- 
ter  lapidibus  immixtum,  aut  in  ftratis  obvium ,  ut  pr«ci- 
pitatum  confiderari  poflit ,  vel  cum  praecipitatiooe  qvadam 
conciliari;  tamfigura  qvam  locus  huicbypothefirepuguare 
videniur. 

3.  CUPRUM  fninera  folida^  cdlore  rubra  f)ei  bepatico^  wi- 

neralifatum.  Minera  Ci^ptir  hepatiCa.        Sp.  348, 

Minera  cupri  vitrea  rubra.     Nonnullorum 

Cuprum  ruhrum  ochraceum  induratum.  v.  Linn^.  U5*'9« 

Minera  cupri   calcifarmis  pura  ^  indurata  ^   colore  rubro^ 

GRoi^stEDt*   19^. 
Sveth-  Rod  kopparMalm,^    LebeKeUTZ.    R8dt  kop- 

PARGLAS 

Gall.  Mike  de  cIiivre  ttoucfiATRK.     Mine  de  cui- 

-?       VRE    VltREUSE    ROUGEATRE 

Genn.  Rothes  kupfererz.   '  LebbHerz  ^ 

Eft   htec    minera    colore    rubro    aut  fufco   hcpatico^ 
confiftentia    folida  ^    pleruraqve  maculis   c«ruleis  aut  vi* 
ri^ibus ,    a  corrofo    cupro    brnata ,    faepe   &  cupro  nati* 
^        '  vo 


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1^  C  o  )  Kj  ^77 

ve  adeo  dives ,  ut  fere  tota  cupro  conftet ,  fine  fenfibili 
admixto  ferro  aut  fulphure  ,  unde  a  noniiullis  pro  cupro 
habetur  nativo,  quod  fuuin  perdidit  phlogilloa4 

(a^  Mi^ERA  cupai  hepatica,  rubra. 
Colore  eft  jam  palUdiori  ^  latcritio  ,  cupro  nativo  fere 
«qvalis ,  jam  eininentiori  y  cinnabari  vel   minerce  ar^ 
genti  rubra  baud  diflimilis  y   aliqvando  femioelltuida, 
Ordal  in  Norwegia.     Cornwali  in  Anglia.     Siberia^ 

Obf.  Haec  forrao  eft  minera »  cuius  meotiont^m  facU.  v.  De 
BoaiARB*  Spec.  a89«  No.  4.  qvam  defcribir,  extrinfece  o- 
chraceam  «  intriofece  %  colore  fubente  cufri  yel  cnsnabaris^ 
Jlriatamn 

(h)  MiKERA  CUPRI  HBPATICA,   fufcO. 

Haec  colore  eft  hepatico  feu  rubra  fufgo  ^  vocator  vul* 
garit^r  Lebererz^*  hoq  ^ft,  minora  cupri  bepatica^  a 
Gallis  mine  de  cuivre  bepatiqve;  ejusdem  vero  indo- 
lis  eft  cum  priori  varietate^  a  nonnqllis  connumera- 
tur  ad  minerat  cupr\  lazur^as^  &  ab  iisdem  vocatur, 
cuprum  lazureum  fulvum  Narberg  in  H^eflmanrm^ 
Freiberg  in  Saxonia.  Schwartzburg^  Temeswar  in 
ffungaria.  •  Qalmonar  in  Htfpania^ 

(q)  MlNBRA  CUPRI  HEPATICA,   gfifeO  fufca/ 

Eft  propemodum  colore  ad  ferreum  inclinantc*  Alfatia. 

Oi/I  Ha  minerse  facile  deftruftibilcsf  &  deftruftloni  vicin« 
pulverem  pr^beiit  rafura  rubrum  t  veftigio  cameo  ad  partem 
oitcntQ  relii^a  io  ipfo  lapide, 

4.  CUPRUM  fulphure  mineralifatum  ^  ntinera  obfcure  nitens 
grifea  mollis.    Cuprum  vitreum.  Spec.  349. 

^inera  cupri  vitrea,     Nonnullorum. 

Cuprum  lazureum ,  grifeum ,  ^^\  minera  cupri  ^rifea. 

Cuprum  mineralifatum  pyriticofum ,  fe£tile ,  canum.  v.  Lin- 
k6.   144.  6. 

Cuprum  fulphure  mineralifatum^  CrOnstedt.  ^197* 

Sveth.  Kopparclas.  Kopparglasertz*    Gra  kop- 

'  PARMALM* 

S3  CalL 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


278  >x  C  o  )  Kj 

Gall.      MCNE    DB     CUIVRE    VITREUSE.      V.    DB   BOMA- 
RK.    293- 

Germ.     Kupfkrglas.     Kupferglaserz. 

Eft  minera  ponderofa  ,  confiftentia  adeo  tnoUi  ut 
aliqvande  cuUro  fcindi  poflit  ^  aMqvando  &  parum  tnal- 
leari ;  faepe  ad  ignein  candelas  liqvabilis ,  colore  eft  ob- 
fcuro ,  fere  ferreo ;  cum  aliqva  ad  rubedinetn  vel  potios 
caruleitatem  inclinatione,  cuprum  ad  40  vel  60  imo  ultra 
pro  centenario  continet^  cum  pauxillo  fulpbwfis  combU 
natum  :  unde  fuam  ad  compoficionem  ,  cupro  fulpburatOy 
feu,  hpidl  fulpbureo  cupreo  ^  Rocbffein  yoczto  ^  oranino  ae- 
qvalis ,  cui  etiam  ad  texturam  &  colorem  maximc  acce- 
dir,  hinc  non  rairum  /  qvod  ab  hac  minera,  cuprum  eli- 
qvari  poflit  ,  line  prasvia  uftulatione  ,  dam  debito  cum 
fluore ,  addito  ferro  vel/  limatura  martis  ^  qva  fulphur  at* 
trahitur ,  ignc  prudenter  inftituto  funditur. 

(a)  CUPRUM   VlTREUiVf  ,>/Wttm. 
Ordal  in  Norrwegia.     New  York  i  colore  caerulcfccnte, 
in  Hifpania. 
(h)  CUPRUM  VITREUM ,  tejfulare. 
Minimis  teflfulis  compoGcum.    Sunnerfkog  in  Smolandia. 
("c)  Cuprum  vitreum,  granulare. 
Eft  areoario  lapidi,  fubtilioribus  particulis  compofito, 
fed  cultro  rafili  &  fere  fciflili,  fimile ,  rafura  plum- 
beum  exhibens  colorem,     Siberia. 

Objl  Arte  hancroineramimttari  p  f^\xmu^  Si  cupro^  In  criicibulo 
tufo,  ingeratur  qvint\iplum  /M//)i^ttn/,  ut  folvanir  cuprum. 
Omni  licet  niiore  &  facie  vitrea  haec  caret  minera ,  eodem 
tamen  jure  nomen  impofitum  minera  eupfi  vitrea  defendit« 
qvo  minera  ar^enti  vitrea  fuum  nomen;  haec  continet  cn- 
frum  fulpbure  r«iutum«  Mia  argentum  (ulphure  folutum.  A 
oonaullis  ad  miaeras  cupri  lazureat  conoumeratur. 

5.  CVPKUM  fulpbure  (^  ferro  parce  admixtis  fnine^'difatum^ 
minera  folida^  nitensy  violacea  vel  carulefcens  fragUis. 

JCUI\RUM  LAZUREUM.  SpeC.    ^^O. 

Ctt- 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


/ 
Cuprum  mineralifatum  pyriticojum  ruh'O  azureum,  durum. 

Y   Linn6.  144,  5, 
Minera  cupri  pyriticofa^   Lazwrea.    Cronstedt.  ipS^jS* 
Sveth.  Koppar-Lazur 
Gall.  MlNB  D£    culvRB    AZvKiE.      V.   Db  Bomare. 

292. 
^efm    K|jpfer-Lazur 

Colore  eft  h«t  minera  csriileo  vd  violaceo,  com- 
paQa ,  fraftura  inftar  vitri  fere  nitens  colore  rubcnte ,  un- 
de  a  plurimis  inter  mineras  cupri  vitreas  eft  connumerata  ; 
ad  conjiffentiam  eft  dura  fed  fragilis ,  cuprum  ad  40  vel  50 
pro  cencenario  continet ,  participans  qvoqve  de  fulpbure  & 
aliqva  porti one /erri,  unde  ad  compofitionem  ^  &  ad  intrin- 
fecum  colorem  rubentcm  fimilis  lapidi  cupri  y  feu  cupro  ful- 
pburato  ^  cui  ferrum  funul  inhaeret. 

<a)  Cuprum  lazureum^  violactum. 
Hoc  freqventiffimum  eft  in  plurimis  cuprifodinit.  Bips* 
bergsklack  in  Dalecarlia.     Sunnerjkog  in    SmoUmdia^ 
Swappari  in  Lapponia.     Temeswar  in  Hungaria. 
(b)  Cuprum  lazurbum,  caruleum, 
Cajruleo  extrinfecc  nitet  colore,. fraftura  vero  recent!, 
intrinfepe  fuam  rubedinem  prodit,   Lauterberg  (f  Frei- 
berg in  Germania, 

Obf.  Plurimi  illas  cupri  mineras  Uzwreas  vocant  9  qv«  di- 
verfis  in  fuperficie  ludunt  coloribus,  ut  to\etit  minera  cupri 
fltiva^  mox  dcfcribendae,  in  fifluris,  vel  a/ias  iuimiditati  ex- 
pofitae.  Hauc  ideapi  Lehman  &  poft  eum  vogbl  decu- 
pro  lazureo  fovenc.  Alii  autcmJllas  mineras  lamrcas  vty- 
caot,  qvae  unice  colore  r^mfeo  gaudent^.qvalis  tameo  dubi- 
to,  an  in  rcrum  natura  exiftat,  qvae  &  intrinf:;ce  &  extrin- 
fece  caerulca  fit,  excepto  caruleo  montano;  iriterei  tamen 
lianc  opinionem  fovct  von  Just i.  Hbkckel  wpyritoi 
p.  45«.  exiftiraat,  quodhodie  vocamiJS  Lazur  9  olimfuiflTe 
appellaturo  Glafur;  adeoqveaDtiqvorummineram  cupri  vi- 
tream  fub  fe  compreheadilfe ,  &illam«  qvara  hodiem/ntfrjfw 
cupri  vitream  appellamus,  nimirum,  praecedeotem  fpeciemt 
ut  &  qvam  cuprum  lazureum  lieic  vocavimus.  Pofteriori 
eteoim  tempore  bae  minerae  tuerunt  diftindts.    Omnem  na- 

S  4  vavi- 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


980  t>*  C  O  )  K^  . 

vavimusopewm  tit  hasmlnerasdiftingvcreraiw,  qvodftftum 
opinamur  non  folum  colore,  fed  &  textura  ac  partibus  coa- 
ftitutivis,  laexcufabile  vitium  illi  committunt,  qvi  naac 
mineram  cum  lapid^  la^uii^  inter  Zeolubai  defcripco,  cou- 
fuaduat, 

^.  CUPRUM  fer'ro  (^  pauxillo  fulphuris  mineralifatum  ,  mf- 
neranitens  nigra,   Minkra  cupri  picka,   Sp.  351- 
Sveth,  PechKI^tz*     Swaat  kopparglas. 
Gall.   Mine   de  cuivre  semblable   a    une  scorib 
viTRiFiEEi    v.  Db  BomaRE.  :i98*    Mine  de  cui- 
vre   yiTREUSE  noire 

Ccrm.  Pechehz.-    Swarz  kupferglas. 

Eft  minera  minus  freqvens  ,    facie  &    textura  picis^ 
ftu  potiu5,  fcoriis    nigris   nitemibus  baud  diffimilis ,  qvafi 
per  vitrifioatioiKin    orta  ;    cuprum    ad    20    imo   interdum  ^ 
50  pro  centenario  continet  5    funul   dc   ferro    &  pauxillo 
fulphurh  participans.     Jlfatia.     Bungaria, 

.  ** 

.  7  ♦  CUPRUM  arfenicQ  (^  ferro  mireralijatwn  minera  albe- 

fcens.     Minera  cupri  alba*  Spec.  352. 

Cuprum  mineralifatum  arfenicale  album.    v^JLm.  145/8. 

Cuprum  ferro  (^  arfenico  fulpburato  mineralifatum.  Cron- 

STEDT.     199.^ 

Sveth*  Weisertz 

Gall       MiNJS      CUIVRB     BLANCHE*         V.     De     BOMARE 

286- 
G^ra^  Wbisskupfererz.      Weis?erz. 
•** 

Eft    minera    qvaa    paucis    rcpcritur  locis ,    colore  al- 

bo ,  mimr(g  arfenici  alba  baud  diflimilis  ^  fed  raagis  ad  fla- 
vedincm  qvandam  inclinans ,  folida^  pondcrofa ,  cuprum 
«d  40  pro  centenario  Vominet,  qvod.  in  hac  minera  qvafi 
%h  arfenico  dealbatum  confiderari  potett.  Scbemnitz  in  Hun-^ 
laria  ^  Tyrolis, 

(?^  Exiftimant  nonnulli  banc  mineram  cupri  albam,  nihil 
ali*4d  efle  qvam  rutneram  cupri  vitreum  .  minus  obfcuram  ; 
i^  juxta  delcriptiouemdatara  &  ad  partes  cooftitueates,  baeg 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


♦  {>♦  (  O  )     KJ  agX 

a  minera  cupri  vitrea  maximedifferr,  propius  accedft  ad  foc- 
ciem  feqventeip.  ^ 

8.  CUPRUM  arfenico,  fulphure  fi?  ferro  ,  plerumqve  una 

cum  argento^   mineralifatum  ^  minera  cinerea  vel  nigra. 

Minera  cupri  grisea^  Spec.  ^k^. 

Metallum  cupri  canum.    N  nmullorum. 
Cuprum  mineralijatum  pyriticofum  cinereum^     v.   LinnA 

144*  7* 
Mnera  cupri  pyriticofa  grifea.  Cronstedt.  198.  a. 
Sveth.  Fahl  kupperertz 
Ga-l.     Mine   be   cuivre   grise.     v.    De   B6marb» 

187. 
Germ.  Fahlkuppererz 

Colore  eft  obfcure  grifeo  vcl  nigricante ,  textura 
folida  &  denfa ,  qxterno  adfpeftu  ad  miner  am  cupri  vf* 
tream  accedens  ,  fed  minus  nitens  &  magis  ad  flavcdi- 
neiri  inclinans;  fragilis  ,  attaftu  fudi$;  cuprum  aliqvando 
ad  40  vel  50  pro  centenario  continet  ,  una  cum  ferro 
&  fulphure,  qvibus  plerumqve,  qvidpiara  argenti  acce- 
dit;  cum  priori  fpecie  itaqve  maxime  affinis,  a  qva  di- 
ftingvi  Videtur.  minori  qvantitate^  arfenici  ,  majori  vero 
fulpburis  in  hac  praefente, 

fa)  Minera  cupri  grisea  ,  obfcufe  cinerea^ 
Eft  colore  cinereo  fufco  ,  unde  noraen  obtinuit  Fahl^ 
kupfererz  ^  in  agre  cito   fatifcens.     StoUberg^    Ram^ 
melsherg  in  Germania,     Hifpania. 
(b)  Minera  cupri  gi^isea,  nigricans 
Eft  magis  denfa,  textura  chalybea  ,    ob   nigfefcenteiu 
colorcm  vocatur  a  monticolis  Sclmarzerz. 

Ohf.  Ut  evifetur  co/itufio,  heic  indlcandum,  qvod  alii,  ob  du 
ftiiiAionem  qvam  monticolae  nonnulli  facere  folent,  etiam 
•  mineraloiji ,  inter  mineral  cupri  vitreas  mcSjlliores ,  fraftura 
nitida,  &  fragiliores  f*ra<9;ura  fere  granulata,  priores  vitreas 
fimpliciter,  feu  Kupferglu  appellaodo,  pol^eriores  vero,  mi* 
nerat  cupri  grifeaf  ,  Kupftrdascrz  ,  vel  Fahl  Kup/ergUr 
'  vocnado,  qyos  iu  Jfegno  Ah  Svecmo  olim  fecutus  furo;  lied 

5  5  ut 


Digitized  by 


Google 


tji  ix  C  <^  )  '^ 

at  hccnomiaatadiftlnftioaulliasvideturpooderlf,  &  tnmus 
utile  at  entia  prxter  neceflitatem  multiplicentur;  heic  itaqve 
iUain  diftlnftionem  omiQmu.%  (imul  indicando  qvod  miaera* 
qvam  he\& cupri grijiam  vocavimus,  eadcm  fit,  qyamoUoi 
Sii  R.  Min.  appelidviinus  mineram  cufri  albam  obfcuram. 

^,  CUPRUM  fulpbure  (s*  ferro  mineralifatum  ^  minera  co^ 
lore  aureo  vel  variegato  nUms.  Minera  cupri  pla- 
VA.  Spec.  55:4. 

Cakbopyt'ites  ^  vel  Pyrites  cupri  flavus.  Nonnullorum. 

Cuprum  mineralifatum  pyriticofum^  fulvum.  v.  Link^. 
144-  4  \ 

SvCth.    GUHL  KOPPARMALM. 

Gall.    MlNB     DB     CUIVRE     JAUNB.        V.     Db    BOMARE. 

289. 
Germ*  Gelb  kupfererz 

Colore  eft  haec  minera  flavo ,  nitido ,  intcrduiii  ad 
rubedmem  accedcnte  ^  extrinfece  ^  inprimis  in  fifluris^ 
fplendens  colore  variegato  ,  flavo ,  rubro  ,  viola  "eo  ,  cas- 
ruleo  ,  interdura  &  viridi ,  quo  refpeQu  a  nonnuHis  ad 
mineras  fazureas  refertur ,  gallice  vero  vocatur  Gorge  de 
pigeon;  ad  confiftentiam  minus  dura^  fragilis,  ad  chaly- 
bem  non  fcintillat ;  cuprtim  continet  ad  30.  &  40^  pro* 
centenario,  fimul  &  parum  ferri  &  fulphuris  feu  pyritico* 
iiim. 

(^a)  MiKERA  CUPRI  flava  ,  foHda. 
Eft  ponderofa,    compafla,    nitens  ^    faepius  verficolor. 

Garpenberg  6?  FMun  in  Dalecarlia.    Narberg  in  fTeJl' 

tnannia.     Heddendahl  in  Norrwegla. 

Cb)  MfNERA  cupRi  Flava,  foliacea. 
Vidctur  qvafi  lamellofa.  Norberg  ^  Stripafen  in  U^eft- 
,   tnannia,     Lauterberg  in  Germania  (^c* 

(c)  MtwERA  CUPRI  FLAVA ,  particulis  majoribus. 
Bdfinge^  Garpenberg  ff  Wik  in  Dalecarl  Piemont  ffc. 

Obf.  m  refpeftu  ad  colorem,  fimplicem  vel  variegatum ,  alii 
banc  mioerani,  cupri  ftavam ,  in  unicolorem  &  mnlticoiorem 
diftiogvunty  fed  ut  innuimus  haoc  mineram*  nonnifi  ^rr/Vf^- 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


taSter,  io  fiflbris,  ab  aqva  vel  hutnido  ,  vari«g;ati}m  ftifci- 
pere  colorem,  hanc  rtaqve  diftinftioQem  adopcare  npn  po- 
tormus.  , 

10.  CUPRUM  fulpbure  fi?  ferr^   mineralifatum ,  minera 

ex  flavo   viridefcens.      Minera    cupri    viridk- 

scE\s.  Spec.   355^ 

Pyrites  miner alifatus  amorpbus  non  fcintillans.    v.  Linn6 

115.  6. 
Pyrites  cupri  flavo  viridefcens.  Cbonstkdt.  198.  y. 

SvCth.    GULGRON     KOPPARMALM.        Gr6nART1G    KOP- 
PARMALM 

Gall.  Mine  db  cuivre  verdatre.      v.  De  Boma- 

R£    291. 
Germ.    GKf-BGRilNLlCHTES    K(7PFKRERZ.         GruNLICA- 
TES    KUPFERERZ. 

Eft  inaxirac  vulgaris  minera, >^in  omnibus  cuprifodi- 
nis  obvia ;  colore  eft  flavefcente  cum  majori  vel  minori 
ad  viredinem  incllnatione ,  medium  qvafi  tenens  locum 
inter  flavedinem  &  viredinem ,  ita  tamen  ut  interdum  ap- 
pareat  fortius  flavo  ,  interdum  fortius  viridi  colore  ;.  ad 
confiftentiam  minus  dura ,  vix  vel  non  ad  chalybem  fcin- 
tillans ,^  &  qvQ  magis  ad  viredinem  inclinat  &  pura  exi- 
ftit,  eo  minus;  cuprum  tamen  vix  ad  10.  vel  12^ 
rare  ultra ,  pro  centenario  continet ;  reliqvum  eft  ferrum 
cum  fulpbure  atqve  pauxilla  feu  infenfibili  fere  portione 
arfenici. 

(a)  Minera  cupri  viridefcens  ,  yb/zV/j, 

Eft   fua  in  fradura  ,    ob  foliditatem    nitens.     Fablun. 
Bajtnge  in  Dalecarlia.     j4twed  in  OJlrogQtbia  &c. 

(b)  Minera  cupri  viridesckns  ,  textura  chalybea. 
Vocatur  a  monticolis  minera  cupri  chalybea-^  eft  plerum- 

rumqve  colore  magis  obfcuro  &  plus  ad  viredinem 
incfinante.  Fahlun,  S'ivar  thick  in  Dalecarlia.  Nor  berg. 
Riddarbyttan  in  IVeftmannia.     Kallmora.     Siberia  &c. 

(c)  Minera  cupri  viridescens  ,  particulis  majori- 

bus. 

Fra- 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


TraQura  €ft  inaequalis  ,  nitcns.  jRiWfW. "  Garpmherg. 
Lbfafen  in  DalecarUa.  Boflms  in  IFeftmannia  ^c, 
Colmenar  in  Hifpania. 

(d)  Minora  cupRi  vmiDESCENS^  cryftaUifata. 
Eft  ran.    Hwaswik  in  DaUaarlia.     Fodina  Lsvifa^, 

II.  CUPRUM  pyrite  fulpbureo  wineralifatum  ^  inimra  paUi* 
de  flava,  Min£Ra  cupri  subflava.  Sp   356. 

PyiUes  cupri  pallidejlavus.   Cronstedt.  198.  i^ 
Sveth.  BLEKGyt  kopparmaum 
Gall.  Mine  pe  cyivRE   o'un  jau^R  pii-p,     "V»  Vt 

BOMA^Et   288.  ' 

Germ.  Bleichg£lbe$  kupfer^rz; 

H«c  minora  reipfa  nihil  aliud  eft  qvam  pyrites  ful-^ 
phureus  (Spec.  274.)  pauxillum  cupri  twens  folutum^ 
hinc  colore  pallide  ^avo  debiliter  nitetis  opioia  pyritas 
fulphurei  criteria  habet  ,  praeterqvam  qvod  parum  moU 
lior  non  adeo  fortiter  ad  chalybem  fcintillet  ;  cupri  pa- 
rum  continQt,  aliqvandQ  tamen,  fed  raro  ,  ad  %o.  prq 
centenarian 

(a)  MiNERA  cupRi  svBPLAVA  i  foUda^ 
KallmQra.    Lockens  fodina  in  Norwegian 

(b)  MiNERA  CUPRI  SUBFLAVA,  particulis  difliwUis* 
Fablun.     Tunaberg  in  Sudermannia^ 

(q)  Mihera  cupri  subflava  ,  fuperficie  nitida, 
HxQ   vocatur   etiam   minera  cupri  fubfiava  fpecularis^ 
qvum  fuperficie    gaudeat  qvafi   polita  feu   fpecularU 
*  Stripafen^     Norb^rg^ 

Ohf.  Dicuot  plurimi  mineral ogl  eo  plus  arrenici  effe  In  hte 
dercriptfs  mineris  cupri ^  viridejcente  ^  Jutflava^  qvo  pal- 
1  diores  fuerint«  decepti,  ni  tailor,  ab  arfenici  indole  cuprum 
&  mineras  dealbante;  fed  has  m'meras  vtx  Tenfibile  imo  nihil 
fere  arfenici  continere,  &  potius«  qvo  pallidioreseo  minus« 
hoc  diverfij  probiri  poteft  experimentis  &  a  calcinationibut 
pafef.  Videtur  probabile  qvod  diverfitas  colons  dependeat  t 
d)  verfo  m)neralifationismodo  &  diverfa  proportiooe  partiom 
potius  qvam  ab  arfenico. 

la.  CU- 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


J  a.  CUKIUM  pyrite  fufco  mimralifatum^  minera  flavo  fu^. 

fca.      MfNERA   CUPRl   FLAVO    FUSCA*  SpCC^    357. 

Itinera  cupH  hepatica^    M.  R. 

Pyrites  cupri  hepaticus.     Cronstedt>   1984  i# 

Sveth*   LefW£RSLAG.       GULBRITN    KOPPARMAtM 
Gall.    M!NE    DE    CUiVRE    HEPATlIlVE.      V.    De    BoMA- 
RE-    290» 

Germ.  Bt^aunes  kcpfErkrz.     LfiBEasjCHLAO 

Colore  eft  flavo  fufco  ^  reipfa  pyrites  fufcus  ( Spec. 
177.  )  cuprum  folutum  cofttinet^s  pifva  qvantitatc  ;  pro# 
prietates  pyritce  fufci  nominati  utplurimum  retinens  j  a 
qvibus  haec  minera  cognofci  &  agnofci  poteft. 

Ca)  Minera  cupr!  fLavo  fusca  ,  colore  cbfcuro* 
Haec.  pyrit«  tx  affe  firailis.     Fablun. 

Cb)  MiKERA  ci^pRi  FtAVo  i^usCA  5  tolore  pallida. 

Vocattit  a  itionticolis  TfcNREtT  ,  ob  colorcm  palli- 
dum ,  qvafi  ftantman ;  intrinfece  hsc  minera  granu- 
lans vel  teflularis  exiftit  ^   extrinfece   vero   ucpluri* 

,  mum  lamellofa  apparet*;  zinco  non  raro  ^  .fi.  non  Tem- 
per participant*     Fahlun^ 

Obf.  Haec  minora  flaxro  fufca»  ceteris  mlnti«  nota,  utpote  qv« 
vix  alibi  qvam  Fablun^  reperitiir ,  ubi  ob  colorem  fufcura, 
minera  cupri  hepatica  nortiea  obtinuit  ^  neqvaqvam  cum 
Germanorum  minera  rnpri  bepatiea  ^  Lebererz  ,  confunden. 
da,  a  qV^a,  toto  caelo,  ut  a  dercriptionibus  patet ,  eft  dL 
ftinda^  Banc  ob  caufam  1  nomen  in  regn.  min.  huic  rai- 
nerzimpofitum,  aroonticnlis  mutuatum  Immutare  coadus 
fui,  ne  banc  mineram  ignari  habeant  pro  minera  cupri  be* 
patica  G^rmanorum,  ut  a  noonullis  faAum  fuiffe  teperii. 

13.  CUPRUM  mineralifatum  ^  inateria  hituminofa  involU' 
turn  ^  faci£  carbonaria.  Mikbra  cupri  carboka- 
RiA.  Spec.  35 g. 

Mnera  cupri  pblogiftica.     Cronstedt.  161.  A. 

Svcth»   KOPPAR  BRANDERT2 

GalL 

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a85  {w  (  o  ;-k5 

Gall.    Charbon  de  pierrb  cuivreusb.      MiNb  db 

CUIVRE  SEMBLABLE  a   DU  CHARBOK.  .  » 

Germ.  Kupferbranderz 

Eft  minera  qvae  raro  occurrit,  nihil  vcro  aliud  qvam 
Litbantrax  ,  cuprum  mineralifatum  involutum  continens^ 
qvs  ideoqve  ignem  concipit  eundemqye  rednet  donee  in 
cineres  verfa  fuerit ,  a  qvibus  cineribus  cupruui  facile  re- 
duci  poteft.  Bis^bergsklack  in  Dalecarlia.  SladkUrrs-Gruf- 
van  in  Dalia. 

Ohft  Eadem  indole  reperiuntur  Litbatubraces  in  FVanckeiAerg^ 
qVi  vero  ana  cum  cupro  edam  argentum  contioent. 

14.  CUPRUM  conofum  &  folutum ,  i  mineris  deftruRis^ 
pmcipitatum  viride.    i£RUGO  uativa.       Spec^  359^ 

Ocbra  cupri  viridis. 

Virick  montanum. 

Qjryjocolla.    AcRicOLae. 

AHmra  cupri  calciformis »  ptdverulenta  viridis.  Cron- 
stedt.   194^^. 

Svcth.  KoppargrSnt.     Bergcront. 

Gall.   Verd    de    montagne    ou   chR7socollb«     v. 

De  Bomare  195*     Vkrd  de  cuivrb 
Germ.  KupfbrgRun     Berpguuk 

Eft  minera  cupri,  qvae  probabiliter  originem  habet 
a  mineris  cupri  fulphareis ,  acido  corrofis  vel  alio  mo- 
do  doftruGis  ,  cupro  inhofpitante  in  aeruginem  mutato^ 
eademqve  srugine  dcinde  ,  aut  pura  manencc ,  aut  cumi 
aliis  terris  vel  lapidibus  mixta  &  cum  iisdem  plus  mi- 
nus indurata.  Nofcitur  hasg  minera  facile,  tam  a  colo^ 
re  viridi^  qvi  vcro  ,  pro  diverfa  mifcella,  jam  magis  pal- 
lidas jam  eminentior  eflTe  folet^  quam  k  fapore  naufeofo. 
Eft  vcro  conjifientia  interdam  folida  &  compafta,  inter- 
dum  fragili  pulverulenta ,  fra3ura  non  nitens ,  ncc  ma« 
nus  inqvinans ;  acidis  vero  plerumqve  ,  fi  non  Temper, 
folubilis  ,   a   qva  folutione   cum  fcrro   vcrum  praecipitari 

po- 


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Google 


^  C  0  )  Kj  »S7 

poteft  cupfttm ;  calcinatione  obfcura  redditur  &  fortiori  igM 
funditur. 

(a)  iERUoo  NATivA,  granuUita. 

Granulis  minoribus  concreta,  dura,  lapidea,  in  pie- 
risqve  fodinis  cupreis  obvia ,  colore  alibi  eminentiori^ 
alibi  debiliori. 

(b)  iERtrco  NATiVA,  fijfilis. 

Eft  in  lamellas  concreta,  forfan  fucceffive.  Frttbtrg. 
Claustbal. 

("e)  ^RUGo  KATiVA,  glohulatis. 
Forma  ell  globulari ,  pififormi  vel  alia;  plerumqve  in« 

trinfece  ilriata,  aliis  lapidibus  vel  mineris  inheerens^ 
(d)  iERUGO  NATivA ,  ftalatlitica. 
£u,    I'me  dubio ,  per  ftillicidium  ,    ftaladitarum  more 
formaU)  parciculis  fubtiliifimis*     Siberia. 

(c}  -^kuGo  NATivA,  foUddy  polituram  admittens.  Ma- 
lachites. 
Terra  gypfea  ventre  mixta   Cronstedt.   36, 
Cuprum  viride  g^'pfeum^   v.  Linm6  145.  15.* 

HsC  varietas  reperitur  figtira  vel  ovali  vel  irregular!, 
eft  dura,  compa£ta  ,  intrinfece  ftriata^  polituram 
tamen  admittens;  compofita ,  utvidctur,  a  terra  gy^ 
pfea  vel  caUarea  cum  arugine  mixta  &  indurata,  un- 
de  &  in  colore  parura  difcrepans  invcnitur,  fortiori 
vel  debiliori  aut  mixto ,  pro  majori  vel  minori  hujus 
terras  proportione;  ab  ad^ofolubilis,.i)ec  non  sifpiritu 
falis  ammoniacis  cum  alkali  deftillato  puro,  qvi  pul- 
chre  casruleo  tingitur  colore ,  remanente  terfa  gypfo- 
fa  vel  calcarea^  Continet  cuprum  ad  ao*  vel  30. 
^pro  Centenario.     Siberia.     Hungaria. 

Obj:    De    M^lacbiti    fcripfit  J.    G.   Lbumahn   in   Pb.  Cb. 

Scbriffiett, 

(f)  iEauGo  NATiVA,  cryftallijata. 
Ocbra  cupri  germinans  viridis.   r.  Linn^«  194,  ix. 

Eft 


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ass  t><  (  o  )  Kj 

Eft  aerngo  nativa  foluta  &  per  cryftalUfationcm  qvaA* 
dam  deindc  depofua  ,  ftriis  feu  i:ryftallis  interdum 
pcllucidis  interdam  opacis,  longioribus  aut  brcvio* 
ribus  i  iisdeinqve  aut  paralellis  denfe  coadnnatis  ^  vel 
,  ex  centre  divergentibus  ^  welvillojis^  breviffiinis,  inol- 
liflimis.     China^    Hungaria. 

Obf.  A  moaticolis  &  mineralogis  h»c  varietas  diverfa  obtl- 
nuUnomiaa.  VocatarFtoscup^Ri,  KaPFBRBLiixHE  Vel 
KupFBRBHTME,qvum  fiias  ob  ftrias  qvaligermmans  videa* 
tur;  aliqvando  appdlatur  M'inera  citpri  viridis  plu- 
MOSA»  vel  ^Kupo  PLuMOSA  ,  qviiiu  alumini  plumofo  vel 
f(ypfo  plumofo  ad  ftrufturam  fimilis  vidcatur ;  aliqvando  dicl- 
tur  Atlasbrz,  dum  pulchre  viridibas  cryftallis,  vel,  qvafi 
variegata  ex  viridi  &  caeruleo  nitety  ut  in  panno  fcriceo  at'^ 
Ut  vocato  ;  aliqvando  vocator  SaMMeterz,  dum  brc- 
vioribus  villofis  conftat  Cryftallis,  ut  in  panno  ferlceo  Sam-- 
met  appellate;  aliqvando  Knospen ,  dum  in  mafla  ovali, 
globular!  aut  reniformi  reperitud  ftciis  ad  centrum  coaver- 
gentibus  conftare. 

(g)  iER^Go  nativa,  fuperficialis^ 
Eft  mineris  vel  lapidibus  fupefficialitef  ^   jam   forma 
terreftri,  jam  ftriata^  faepe  &LfteUulari  adhasrcns. 

Obf,  f .  <^rugo  nativa  majorl  copia  In  hungaticU  montibus 
prsfens ,  In  dj verfis  vafis  contufa  colligi  folet,  &  ab  uno  in 
aliud  derivari .  vt  fubtilior  &  purior  a  crafllori  &  tcr^eftri  di- 

>  llinguatur.  Modum,  qvo  In  Hungaria  utuntur  monticolae 
uberiustradiditBRlicKMANN  in  Epift.  Itin.  Cent.  i.  Ep^i6. 
Haec  aerugo  fic  lota  deinde  in  commercium  venit «  ad  pi- 
Burns  ufurpatur ;  probe  vero  ab  arugine  artificials  ^  SLtqVt 
undi  aris  diftinguenda. 

Ohf  2.  A  colore  viridi  ClryfocolU  antiqvorum  ,  b«c  aerugo 
ab  Agricola  &  aliis  eft  vocata  Cbryfocolh.  Plinius 
namqve  &  Dioscor\des  chryfocollam  flefcribunt  ut  virl« 
dem.  Suam  vero  chryfocollam  ajitiqviores  prappararurt,  ut 
Idem  Plihius  refert,  k  nitro  y  hoc  eft,  alkali  miner ali  & 
urina  in  mortario  aeneo,  usqve  dum  viredlnem  fufceperint 
&  debltam  confiftentiam,  contritis.  Vcterum  itaqve  chry- 
focolla  fuitartifidalls;  maximeab  aerugine  nativa  diftiuda, 
ejusdem  ufus  cum  mixtura  qva  auritabri  ntuntur  ad  aurum 
coDglutinaodum »  qvae  ab  illis  voottur  Scbhglotb. 

15.  ca^ 

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15.  CUPRUM  ccrrofum  (f  folutum^  a  mineris  ieftruttis 
pradpitatum  caruleum^    Cmvlvlbum  montanum. 

Ocbra  cupn  carulea. 

jfzUtbum.      NONNULLORUM.     . 

ChryfocoUa  vera  cuprea^ 

Minvta  cupri  calcifornris  carulea.    Chonstedt.  194^  ^ 

Svcth.       KotPARBLATT.       BeRGBL^TT 

GalU    Bleu  de  montagne.   ,  v.  De  Bomare^  296. 

Bleu  de  cuiyre 
Germ.     Kupferblau,     Bergblau 

Colore  eft  caruleo  pallidiori  vel  cminentiori ,  fepe. 
ad  viredincin  inclinante ,  confiilentia ,  alibi  terrea  vel  fra- 
giliori,  alibi  dura  lapidea,  fraftura  non  nitens  nee  manut 
inqvinans ,  fapore  naufcofo ;  Cum  acidis  efiervefcens  &  ab 
iisdem  folubilis;  originem  trahit  a  cupro^  alkali  volatili  mi-^ 
nerali  foluto,  deinde  preBcipitato ,  &  cum  term  vel  lapide 
calcareo  plus  minus  commixto  &  indurato^ 

(a)  C«RULEUM  MONTANiiM ,  purum. 
Eft  pura  terra  mctallica,  colore  pulchre  c«nilco.  ra- 
rior. 

(T))  CiRRuLEUM  M0NTANX7M ,  calcotea  terra  mixtum.  ' 
Ckbra  veneris  terra  calcarea  mixta.  Cronstedt.  igtf. 

I.  &  $.  34. 
Colore  eft  grifeo  aut  flavefcente,    cum  pallidiori  c«ru- 
Ico,  cum  acidis  effervefcens. 
Cc)  Caruleum  montanuh,  granulare. 

Fraaura  ut  a  granulis  c6ncretum  apparet.  Blauherg. 

(d^   CiERuLEUM    MONTANUM  ,  foUdmn. 

Eft    ponderofum  ,    compaQum ,    plerumqve    fibrofum. 
Siberia. 
(e)  Caruleum  montanum  ^  fjfile. 

In  lamellas  fucceffive  concretum^  friabile,     Siberia. 
(f  Jl  CiERuLEuM  MoNTANUM,  lopide  coUoreo  fenJibUitef 

Ihixtum^      LAP1$  ARl^BKUS 

Tm.IL  T  TkT" 

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If  o  ^  r  o )  ►^ 

Terra  cdUarea  croco  feu  cake  veneris  intrinfece  mixta.^  in'^ 
durata.  Cronstbdt.  135. 
^  Cuprum  cartdeum  calcareum.  v.  Linn^  146.  i4«  * 

E(t  colore  casriileo  cum  granulis  albis  a  calctrco  I«- 
pide  iiBmixtis  ^  unde  lapidi  lazuli  qvodammodo  fimilis  ap- 
paret,  durus ,  compaSus  ^  polituram  vero  asgre  admittit; 
cum  acidis  Temper  effervefcit ,  in  igne  colorem  facile  per- 
dit. 

Ohjl  Ab  bac  varietate  prsparari  folet  r^n/^iMi  mMtf«»«jR  tfrii/!- 
ciale^  qvod  in  commerclum  veuit  &  ad  piHuras  utuxpaiur. 
Modum  praeparaodi  tradidit  Ans.  B.  a  Boot  de  Gcmm.  &* 
Lap.  p.  ap*- 
(g^  Carulkum  montanum  ,  cryflaUifatuxn. 
Ochra  cupri  germinans  carulea,  v.  Link 6.  194,  lo* 
Cryftalli   funt    tenties^    partim   in   minores  lamellulas 
partim  in  ftrias  fbrmatas,  iis  fimiles  ^   qve  a  cupro 
in  fpiritu  alkalino  volatili  foluto  obtineri  folent.  ffur- 
tenberg. 

(h)  Caruleum  MONTANUM  ,  fupttficidU4 
Rcperitur  faepc  ftfiata  vel  Jlellulari  forma  ,     otpluri- 
mum   vero    terreftri  lapidibus  aut  mineris  adhserens* 

Salzburg. 

Obf.  Plerumqve  licet  hs  miners  cupri  carukum  montansm  & 
arttgo  native  conjunftim  in  plurimis  cuprifodinis  reperian- 
tur,  Espe  &  miners  invenianrur  qirs  vtroqve  participant 
colore,  viridi  &  csruleo,  obfervatum  tamen  eft ,  relative, 
majorem  copiam  sruginia  qvam  caerulei  montani  ubivia  in- 
veniri,  forfan,  nvia  alkali  volatile  miner  ale  non  ea  id  locis 
fubterraneis  adeae  poflit  ireqveatia,  qva  acidum  reperitur. 

16.  CUPRUM  corrofum  (f  folutum  ^  a  mineris  cupri  de- 
ftruStis ,  pracipUatum  niJjrum.  Ochra  cupri  ru* 
BRA.  Spec.  3(^0* 

JErugo  rubra^ 

Rubigo  aris^  NonnulLorum. 

Ochra  cupri  vitrati  pulverea  obfcure  ferruginea^  v.  Li»* 

Nc.  103.  6* 
Minera  cupri  calcifwnis  rubra.  Cronstbdt.  194*  y. 

Sveth^ 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


tH  C  O  )  k|  SSI 

Svtth-  RoeD  KOPPARjoRD^    RoeD  LofparmuLm 

<jalL    OCHRB    DB    CUIVRE    ROUGE 

Germ.    Rotub   kupfererdk.         Rothbr   xuppbr- 

OCKBR 

Eft  terra  cuprea  qvs  originem  habet  a  minera  cupri 
bepatka  (Spec.  24s/)  d^rufta;  hinc  &  femper /erro par- 
ticipac  ^  fimilis  ochrs  ferri  rubras  pulverulentas ,  fed  magis 
obfcuro  vel  fufco  colojre ,  qvo  etiam  folvitor  base  mmei- 
ra  cupri  hepatica  in  acido  nitrofo.  Docimaftice  exami- 
aata  dat  ferrufn  &  cupruni  aliqvando  ad  30*  pro  cente* 
oario.  Oeftanberget  in  Ddia.  Ivweden  in  Nericia.  RuJ^ 
fia.     HifpmUa^ 

Obf,  I.    An  ofttgo  lutea  hue  fit  refereDda,  dicere  non  po^ 

fum ,  eandem  non  vidi. 
Ohf.  2.  Hnjusmodi  ochram  cupri  rubram ,  qva  bircw^  qvaU- 

bet  verpera  domum  redieos  tindus  tuit.  primam  occafioneni 

dediffe  laaxims  jam  fodinae  magni  cuprimontii  in  Dakc.  fa* 

mafert. 

17.  CUPRUM  corrofum  (f  folutum^  a  wineris   cupri  &- 
firuElis   pracipitatwn   rubrum.     Ochra    cupri    ni- 
gra. Spec.  i6z. 
Ochra  cupri  impura  friabilis  ferra  mixta.  Cronstbdt^ 
196.  a, 

Sveth.   SVART   KOPPARJORD.      SvART  KOPPARMULK 

Gall.  Ochre  db  cuivrb  koire 
Germ.  Schwarzer  kupferockbr 

Originem  haec  ochra  nigrefcens  vel  obfcure  fufct 
liabet  a  minera  cupri  grifea  (Spec-  ^5*.)  facile  in  a€re 
deftrudibiti  &  fatifcente ;  ferro  participat ,  cuprum  autem 
continet  ad  40.  vel  50.  pro  centenario. 

(^a)  Ochra  curri  nigra,  pura^ 

Colore  eft  nigrefcente^     Htfpania. 
(b)  Ochra  cupri  kigra  ,  cinerea. 

Coldrem  cinereum  habet  ab  admixtis  particulis  argil" 
^ccis.     HaJJia.     Sondersbaufen. 

•  T%  18.  CU- 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


.a9»  l>^  C  o  )  Kj 

18.  CUPRUM  corrofum  ml  diverfinode  mkierali/kum  ^  f$bi- 
fto  inharens.  Min.  cuprx  schistosa.  Sp.  3^2^ 

Cuprum  matrice  fcbiftofa.     v.  Linn^.    145.  ii. 

Svcth.       KOPPAR-SCHIPWER 

Gall.     Ardoisb  cuivreusb 

,   Gcnn,       KuPFEa-SCHIEFER 

Eft  lapis  fcbijiofus    cui  diver fae  minene  cupri  ;  iwf- 
nera  cupri  flava^  minera  cupri  fiava  viridis^  arugo  natioa^ 
iMTvleum  mtmtanum ,  inio  cuprum  lazureum ,  majoribus  vel 
-minoribus  maculis ,  globulis ,   particulis  vel  granulis,  di- 
verfimode ,  aut   infperfas  inhasrent ,    aut   fupcrficialiter  ad- 
herent; reipfa  itaqve  haec  minera  non  peculiarero  confti- 
toit  fpeciem  ^   qvum  fcbiftus  nonnifi   ut  matrix  conftdera- 
ri  poflit,    fed',  qvum  adeo    infignis  qvantitas  hujus  fchi- 
■fti  cupriferi  in  Gtrmmia  &  aliis    in   locis  reperiatur,    & 
ab   eodem    eliqventur    plura    millia    librarum    nauticarum 
cupri ,  fpecialem  itaqve  dendminationem  &  locum  prome- 
ruifle    videtur»     Mansfeldt^     Strasberg.     JUmenau  (s'c^     in 
.  Cermania. 

.ig.    CUPRUM    cortofum    vel   diverjitnode    mineraUfatum^ 
fcbifto  inbarens^  figuratum.    Minera  cupri  figu- 

RATA.  Spec.   363. 

Phytolitbus  floris^  v.  lIgn6.   172.  6. 

Cuprum  mineralifatum  corpora  peregrina  ingrejfim^  Cron- 

STEDT.    290. 
Sveth^    FlGURERAD    KOPPARMALM. 

Gall.  Mine  de  cuivre  figurec.     v.  De  Bomarb. 

199- 
^  Germ.  Figurirtes  kupfererz 

Eft  minera  cupri  grifea  vel  viridefcens  qvie  IngreflTufO 
obtinuit  in  diverfa  corpora  vegetabilia  vel  animalia  in  locis 
fubterraneis  obvia  &  ad  petrificationem  prona ,  unde ,  eo- 
rundem  corporum  figura  apparet^  plerumqve  fcbifto  ad- 
)i»rens  vel  inhaerens. 


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Jw  (  o  )  KJ  apV 

(a)  MiNBRA  cupRi  PiciTRATA ,  fpicam  referens. 
Reperitur   ih  matrice  fcbiftofa^  duri,    texturae  chaly* 

beaBy  colore  grifeo,  infperfa,  fua  fignra  jam  j^ 
cos  9  }zm  ftrobulos  pini  comprefTos,  ]zm  folia  ,  fiores 
aut  fungos  referensc  vocatur  germanice.  KoRkah- 
RBN.     Franckenbergi 

(b)  MlNERA  CUPRl   FIGURATA,    Ugnta.  - 

Hofpitat  in  matrice  lignofa ,  diverfs  magnitu^inis^ 
bitumint  penctrata;  lapidi  fcbiftofo  immerfa  ,  &  jr?!- 
n^a  cupri  gfijha  vel  viridefcente  penetrata;  appe^a- 
tur  a  Germanis  Stangbkgraupen,  &  magis  fpe<)ta* 
liter,  dam  fruftulum  ligni  refert  ,  Holzgraupbn, 
dam  vero  carbonis  inftar  apparet  ,  Kohlgraupkk. 
Eranckenberg^ 

(c)  MiMERA  f  upri  figurata  ,  cKm  vejligiis  vegeta- 
bilium. 

Eft  fcbijius  grifcus ,  fragilis  ,  in  qvo  vcftigia  vcgetar 
bilium  apparent  ^  &  infperfa  reperiuntur  minora  fru- 
{iu}^litbararacis,  &  his  utrisqve  granula  miner  a  cu* 
prigrifea^  miriBra  cupri  viridefcentis  nee  non  arugi- 
nis.  Vocatur  pliegenfittiges  Silbererz  ,  qvum 
argento  fimul  partieipet  ,  qvemadmodum  &  antcce- 
dentes  varietates.     Franckenberg. 

(d)  MiKERA  cupri  figurata,  pifcium  vejligia  o/iti%'^ 
dens. 

Veftigia  a   pifcibus    deftruftis  in  fcbijlo  impreffa  ob- 
tinuit ,  qv»  minera  cupri  grifea  vel  viridefcente  funt 
^       penetrata*     Mansfeld.     EisUben. 

(e)  Minera   cupri  figurata,  concbylia  lapidea  in- 
greffa. 

Conftat  concbyliis^  fubterraneis  in  locis  petrificatis, 
minera  cupri  viridefcente  penetratis.  Jarlsberg  in 
Norwegia. 

t)bf.  Omnes  ha  figurata  cupri  minera ,   ultima  varietate  ex- 
cepta,  Mrgentum  etiam  continent,  &  inter  mineitts  argenti 

T  3  «li- 


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%94  ^M  C  O  ^  W5 

allqrando  eonnameraotuir,  dum  ea  afgenti  adeft  copia,  nt 
eliqvari  poflic. 

se^  CURPUM  diverjimode  tnineralifatum ,  cum  lapide  orena^ 
rio  induratum.     Mihera  cqpri  arbnaria^     Sp. 

364. 
Oiprum  matrict  ocbraceo  Macea.   v.  Lin.  145.  10* 
Minera  arenacea  ah  online  am  arena.    Cromstedt. 
^77.  I.  a.  278.  J.  *• 

Svc^h.   KOPPAR   SANDER2 

GalU  Mine  db  cuivrb  sablokeosb 
<9erni.  KuppeR'SAKderz 

Eft  lapis  ^rcitarius  cujus  grano'a  majora  vel  mina- 
ra  cum  online  vel  aliis  capri  mtneris  mixta  &  coad- 
vnata  rcperiuntur ,  vel  cujas  pori  &  interftitia  inter  gra- 
nula^  nominatis  mineris  cuprt  funt  impleta,  qvibut  & 
Ocbraceum  qvid  fa^pe  accefHt.  Eft  itaqve  hpis  arena- 
rius  in  bac  niinera  non  alitor  qvam  ut  matrix  confide-* 
randus. 

C*)   MtNERA   CUPRI  ARbWARtA  ,  filicea  ^ 

E  filicibus  cum  asrugin^  concretis  conftat.     Siberia. 
(b>  MiNRRA  copRi  ARKiVARiA «  grawdis  arenaceisi 
Conftat  arena  &  srugine      Siberia 

if.  CUPRUM  cortejum  vel  diver/mode  mineralifaeum  ^  at^ 
gilla  vel  marga  mixtum.  Minbra  cqfri  argilla- 
^EA.  Spec  365. 

Svfth.    KttPPKRLETTEN 

Gall.  Mine    db    cuivrb    argillecsb.      ArgilA 

CaiVREQSE 

Germ.  Kopperlbttbn 

Eft  argitla  vel  marga,  diverib  colore,  copro  avt 
torrofo  ant  divcrrimode  mineralifato  impraegnata,  aliqvan- 
do   cum  ajoa  forH  eServefcens  >  attadu  Inbrica  &  pin* 

(O 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


(ft)   MiKBRA   CUPRl   ARGILLACEA)  COTUlad. 

Cum  acidis  noh  effervefcit.     Hifpmia. 
(b)  MiNBRA  cuPRi  ARciLLAcBA ,  grtfea. 
Hsc  margicea  ^  cum  acidis  effervefcit.     Germania^ 

(t)  NhNKRA  CUPRl   AR  GILL  ACE  A  ^  flwa^ 

Parum  cym  acidis  effervefcit.     S^id. 

Obf.  Defcriptas  has  qvatuor  fpedespoft^rioresminerarum  cu- 
pri,  ideo  ad  finem  adponere  debufmuSt  q vum  ab  antecedeo- 
tibus  fiiam  liabeanc  originem,  ab  Usdemqve  nooaifi  ratione 
matrieii  fintdiftindae.  Hanc  ob  cauflam,  tateor,  has  mi* 
neras «  feojli  ftridiori,  vlx  ut  fpecies  diftiaftas  mioeraruin 
cupri  coQuderari  pofle;  fed  fi  coqfideremus,  cuprum,  in  has 
matrices  longe  alium  babuiflfe  in^reflum  qvam  \ix  reliqvas 
matrices,  &  in  his,  duplici  adelle  forma,  oempe  terreftri  & 
mtner^ifata  coDjundim,  adhuc  ^  iocertum  efle,  anQoo& 
alio  ioeife  poilit  modo,  qvemadmodum  io  nonoullis  lapidi- 
bos  deprefaendimus,  fi  &  confideremus  a  monticoiis  efle  re* 
ceptum  bias  mioeras  a  reliqvis  diftiogvere,  exiftimaverim  to- 

'  lerarl  pofle ,  qvod  has  mioeras  ut  diftiuftas  Tpeciea  coofi- 
deraverimus. 

'    ObfervatiOfies  de  ct^^o  &  mineris  cupri. 

Oif.  I.  Cmprnm  reperitur  prcterea. 
imo«  In  aqvii  ^mtriolicis  cupreis. 

ftdo.  In  zitriolo  caeruleo  ,  &  vitrioh  mxto^  nee  non  Urr 
vitriolsca. 

3tio.  In  lapiie  quatzofo  rubro. 

4to.  In  mineris  argeuti  nonnulUs- 

Cum  reliqvis  mctallis,  auro  excepto,  rare  Invenitur,  &  licet 
miners  cupri  rare  fine  feno  reperiantur,  tamen  ferri  m  nera 
ordinariae  plerumqve  carent  cupro. 

O*/  2.  Vix  ullum  allud  metallom  tot  dl vcrfis  coloribus ,  If?- 
dcmqve  in  eminentiori  gradu^  fuis  in  mineris  ludlt,  ut  cu- 

{>rum.  Reperitur  etenim,  rubro.flavo,  vitidi ^  earuU9^  4- 
0 ,  mgfo  imo  pulcbre  vafieganti  colore.  HofpiUt  q voq ve 
non  folum  in  venii  exuifis ,  fed  &  in  vents  cmuhtti. 
imo,  in  gldndulss  &*  renibuj  nee  non  Injlratu  ,  per  totum 
tcrrarum  orbem  &  qvidem  fregventlus  in  matrice  vttriJicMr 
m  feu  fyfibili  vel  apyra  qvam  m  calcarea. 

T  4  •    ^*/'  3- 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Obf.  J.  MfmHeolx  \u  rerpefta  ad  matrices ,  pro  ^cttttaada 
fufiooe  per  proportionat^m  fnixturam  miaerarun^diftiogvuQt 
iDiaeras  cupri  ia  tres  fpeCies. 

fa]  Mineral  moUts  vocaoty  qvae  nudae,  matrice  manifefta 
carcnt. 

£b]  Miner  as  duras^  qv»  !n  mattice  dura  fuarzajk,  vel  are-^ 
naria  aut  petrofiicea  hofpitaiU. 

Cc3  Miner  at  tenacer^qv^  matrice  gaudcnt  teoad,  vel  apyra, 
cornea ,  talcofa  ,  micacea  vel  alia. 

Ohf.  4.  Radone  uflulattonir&fufionif  mloeras  dKHdgvunt  moa* 
ticolaa,  iddem  ia  tres  fpecies. 

I  mo.  Miner  fit  cum  fimplicet^  qvae  vel  rudes  vel  lenl  ufluU^ 
/ioi»«  praenaifla,  in  cuprum  cliqvarl  pofTunt;  qvales  funt  mi- 
Jierae  dercriptae  Spec,  i,  2,  3,  4,  qvibus  &  arugo  nativa  ft 
caruleum  montanum  add!  poteft ;  qvales  miuerae  funt .  rario- 
res  &  ninori  qvantitate  reperiuntur. 

•do.  Minerat  ujlulatoriar  ,  qr»  minoti  qvantitate  Jilpbarif 
&  ferri  particip;int.  qvales  funt  miaer«,  lazurea  ,  minera 
cupri  alba^  f^^if^^  ^  fl^va  ,  qvae  qvidem  fortcm  &  repctitam 
reqviruat  uftuUtionem  ;  uftuUtae  vero  cuprum  rude  &cile 
largiuQtur, 

3tio.  Mineral  fuforiat  pro  lapide  metallieo ,  qvae  maiorl  ful- 
phuris  &  ferri  pvrit*  c^pfa  abundant,  qvaleu  miners 
cupri,  viridefcens,  rubfl.iva^  flav§  fufca  f5*tf.  quae  maximam  la 
cuprifodinis  conftituunt  partem ,  &  ferrum  continent  ad  %o. 
40,  imo  50.  pro  centenario,  cuprum  vero  «d  a\»  3.  vel  4. 
raro  8.  vel  10.  procentenj»rio;  multiplicemitaqve  reqvirunt 
ignem  &  nroceflTum  ut  deftruatijr  abundans  Ilia  copia  terri& 
cupnim  obtineatur  piirum.  In  hunc  finem  h«  minerae,  fa  J 
uftulationem  frigvUm  fubire  debent,  qvap.  tamen  utplurlmum 
Igaeipfius  pyrftae  perficitur ;  (h)  fundenda^  ut  obtineatur 
lapif  fulphureo  metalltcur  ^  Rohflein  vocatus;  qvi  [c]  uftula^ 
tionibui  verfabundif  fubjiciendus  ,  idqvc  fexies  ,  fepties  vel 
ultra  repetendo,  donee  fufficienter  uftnlatuf?  fuerif ;  poftmo- 
dum,  fic  uftulatus  lapis  metal  liens  ,  [dj  jam  fundenduf,  ut 
obtineitur  cuprum  rude,  qvod  fe]  per  renovatum /hfionem  pu- 
rificandum  l«  cuprum  purum.  Tantum  reqvirftur  labons,  * 
tot  ignes,  fciiicet  i».  13.  vel  ultra  ut  ab  his  minerit  ob- 
tineatut  cuprum  purum,  prout  prolixlus  expofuimus  io  Elem. 
Metalhrg. 

Obf.  A. 

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Ohf.  S.  Pursficatnr  nktriui  cuprum  ab  inhof^^itante  adhoc  fid- 
fbure  a  ehemieit  aliisqve,  qvi  opus  habent  cupro  maxime 
depurato  &  minus  ad  xrugUiein  contraheodum  proclivU 
vel  id  ipfum  cum  plwM  |va  aut  ^V  P^tte  mirceodo  &  cu- 

rllando;  vel  fcmjkando ^  aut  per  fe«  aut  repetita  Igoitione 
exftindinoe  in  liqvido  utinofo  &  falino  ^  has  fcorias  de« 
inde  cum  file  alk^lmo  &  materia  iriflammaUli  mixtas  redu- 
cendo.  Ad  aurum  fopbifticum  ^  pitifibeback  tf  tombac  ^  cujus 
prsparationem  indicavimus  in  ob/erv.  de  zinco  5.  Ut^  c.  fic 
depuratum  reqviritnr  cuprum. 

Obf.  6.  Mkvqo^  qvam  contrahit  cuprum  in  acidis  llqvori- 
bus,  nee  non  in  alils  ut  &  in  a^re  faumido ;  plurimum  q^rl- 
demcum  viridi  ^Ritconvenit;ihreqventibustamenmo- 
mentis  fiint  h»  calcct  diftindtae.  [a]  Colore  qvo  ^u^o  gau- 
dct ,  obfcure  viridi ;  viride  arts  vero  pallide  viridi,  cum  ma- 
culls  grifci.t  ?mmixtis,  q  v«,  dum  microfcopio  infpicluntnr,ap- 
paret  cfle  cryJlattoffiliMf ^figura  variabilis  interdum ftellari 
interdum  alia  (b)  JErugo  in  a^re  nigrefcit :  viriie  arts  co- 
lorem  r^tioet.  (c)  JEr^o  tota  folvitur  acidis ;  viride  oris 
tantum  ad  partem,  [d]  Ab  aruf^ine,  per  deflillationem«  ni- 
hil rpirituofi  obtineri  pote(l«  qvod  taroen  a  viridi  seris  ohtU 
netnr.  [e]  Mrugo  Temper  minus  proficua  ad  piduras,  ob 
Immixtas  particulas  falinas  five  acidat  five  allcatin^s  fiveuri- 
nofas;  viride  terit  vero  tam  aqva  qvam  oleo,  fine  muta.- 
tione  cotoris  atqve  aTperitate  in  fuperficie  adhiberi  potelt. 
Mndum .  qvo  viride  oris  pMBparatUff  docuit  Montet  Id 
AB.  Parif.  1750, 

Obf.  7.  De  partibuf  coujlitutivii  cupri  diCTentiunt  chemicf, 
Plurimi\f\  ea  fobfiftunt  opiniooe,  ovod  fit  compofituro  a  ter- 
ra rubra  vitrificabili  &  materia  inflammabili.  His.i^incipiis 
VON  JusTi  in  Cb.  Scbr.  T.  I.  p.  144.  addit  /icirfttwr  vstrio- 
licum  ut  conftituens;  alii  addunc  arfenicale  qvidpiam. 

Vos  opinamur  cuprum  efle  ^eneratum ,  (a)  terra  Jimplici  vi- 
trificabili ,  fed ,  q v«  a  prtncipio  qvodam  filpbureo  Tubtili ,  fit 
penetrata  &  routata.  Priuf  conctudimus  a  bafi  &  ma  trice 
cupri  fappius  vitrificabili,  qvarzofi^  atqve  vitrificabili  in- 
dole calcis  cupri«nec  non  omnis  calcai^s  atqve  apyr«  terrx 
veftiglo  in  cupro  abfente ;  pofteriuf  elucefcit  h  perpe tue  feptico 
fapore  calcis  cupri«9qvali  cum  Tapore  &feptica  virtutein 
cupro  cum  Tulphure  calclnato  prcfente;  a  forti  attraftione 
cupri  ad  Tulphur,  confeqventer  &homogeneitateqvadam  in 
cupro  cum  fill phure  mineral! ;  ut  reticeamus  cohrem  flamma 
a  cupro  citruleuM^  ipfumgve  cupri  cotorem  cubrum  fulphurel 

T  5  pr'n- 


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Google 


a9«  rx  (  o  )  «*  , 

principii  pr»fcntlain  indicare.  His  moincntisididdiiiias,<jvod 
exiftimemus ,  nullam  maUriam  infiammabiUm  fimplicem,  cum 
terra  pura  fimplici  combinari  &  iocorporari  po0e,  nifi  ilU 
terra  qvldpiaro  faUni  hfulphwrei  coDtiiieat ,  q vo  ilia  terra  at- 
teovatur,  &  qvod  ideoqve  uc  medium  conjunftionis  coafi- 
derari  poffit.  Credibile  eft  plures  &  q^ridem  dlverfts  darl 
materias  fulphureas.  [b]  Princifio  infkrnmbiH^  qvod  tam 
calcinationibus,  fub  qvibus  iUud  &peracttr,  qvam  redu- 
ftioQibua,  qvibus  reftuuicurt  tacile  demoaftiari  poceft. 


$•  154- 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


|X  (  o  )  ><t  999 

S»    134- 

3.  PLUMBUM.  SaTURNUS.   Gen.  55. 

Plumbum  ti^,rum,    Anti^vorum, 
Sveth*    Bly 
GalL     Plomb 
Germ.     BirEr 

I*  Eft  metallum  recenti  fraOura  csruleo  album,  nigredi- 
fie  qvadam  digitos  inficiens  dum  diu  atteritur;  inter 
inetalla  molUffimam ,  f.iffile  &  flextbile  ;  inalieabile 
tamen,  tarn  frigidom  qvam  calidum  ,  non  fono- 
rum;  ininima  gaudens  etiam  inter  metalla  elafticita- 
te  & '  tenacitate  ;  filum  plumbeum  diametri  jis 
poU.  Rh«  nonnifi  %g  '  libras  tenere  poteft  fofpen- 
fas. 

%  In  ahe  aperto ,  five  humido  five  ficco  fupcrficialem  ob« 
fcure  grifeum  iaduit  colorem;  diu  vero  viciflitudini- 
bus  aaris  expofitum  fuperficialiter  corroditur ,  feu  in 
ochram  albam  vel  ceruflam  mutatur. 

).  Gravitate  fpecifica  eft  in  proportione  ad  aqvam  ,  ut 
11,310  vel  11,515::  1,000. 

4.  In  igne  facile  funditur  &  qvidem  longe   ante    ignitio* 

nem,  qva  fub  fufione,  mitiori  igne  continuata,  fu- 
ticula  veftitur  colore  variegato  fplehdente  ,  qvss  in- 
ceptam  in  fuperficie  indicat  calcinationem.  Diutius 
continuato  hoc  eodem  igne ,  fub  fufione  fi  agitetnr^ 
abit  in  calcetn  grifeatn ,  qvae  forti  igne  ricverberii 
primum  fit  alba  parum  flavefcens,  deinde  vero  fla^ 
va  ,  qvas  calx  turn  vocatur  fiavedo  plumbi  vel  re- 
fuffa  citrina.  Hsc  flava  calx  ulterius  forti  conti- 
ni^ato  igne  tandem  rubra  redditur  ,  qvss  appellatur 
minium  vel  fandix.  Ubivis  hs  calcinationes  fiunt, 
qvod  memorabile  eft ,  cum  infigni  ponderis  in* 
creroento  ,  in  refpeQu  ad  plumbum  fulum  ,  pluri- 
num  licet  ^  his  fub  calcinationibus  in  fumum  fimul 
abeat. 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


3O0  «>^  C  <^  )  «l 

if.  Igne  fortiori  fufura  &  in  qviete  rcliQum ,  partlm  ut 
fumus  avolat ,  partim  in  cinercs  mutator  grifeos,  qvi 
deinde  in  mafTam  femivitrificatam  *  parum  lamenofam, 
flavam ,  nitenteni  abeunt ,  qvse  vocatur  Lithargy'' 
rium;  au£lo  autem  igne,  in  vitrum  tranfic.  Nullum 
etenim  luetallum  facilius  igne  fluit  qvam  plumbum^ 
nullum  &  facilius  vitrificatur  ,  per  fc  prabcns  vi« 
trum  fufcum  ,  cum  lapide  vitrefcibili  vero  vitrum 
flavum. 

6.  Ab  acido  vitrioli  difficulter  folvitur  &  nonnifi  fub  co- 

Qura  vel  digeftione;  plumbum  vero  ab  acido  nitri 
prius  folutum  ftcile  ab  hoc  acido  folvitur^ 

7.  Ab  acido  nitri  vel  aqva  forti  folvitur  cum  effervefcen- 

tia,  qv»  folutio  dcbite  traftata  cryflallos  praBbct  fi- 
gura  pyramidali  qvadrilatera  regular!  prsditas,  in 
igne  fulminant6s. 

S*  A  fpiritu  falis   fub    coftura    parum    folvitur.      Hinc 

plumbpm  cornuum ,  qvod  facilius  obtinetur,  dum  plum* 

bum  <iqva  forti  folutum  fale  communi  vel  fpiritu  ffi^ 

lis  prscipitatur )    vel  fi  cum  fale  ammoniaco  mixtum 

deiUlletur  plumbum  granulatum,  fortiori  igne* 

9.  Ab  acidis  vegetabilibus  ctiam  folvitur  plumbum,  inpri- 

mis  ejus  calx^^     A  vapore  aceti  in  ceruffam  corrodi* 

tur,    qvas  deinde  facilius  integri  aceto   folvitur  & 

«  foluta  cryftallifatur  in  cryflallos  albas ,   qvs  faccba* 

Twnfaturni  appellari  folent. 

3I0»  -^b  okis  inprimis  exprcflis  folvitur,  qvae  folutio, 
qvafi  faponacea ,  vocatur  balfamus  faturni. 

,\U  Cum  omni  metaUo  &  femimetallo  combinari  poteft, 
difficulter  licet  cum  ferro  fz  niccolo  &  plane  non  com 
cobalto.  Omnia  metalla  imperfeda  fecum  aut  vola- 
tilifat  aut  fcorificat  ,  fed  eorundcm  malleabilitatem, 
dum  fufione  cum  iisdem  mifcetur,  non  tollit;  cupro 
cxcepto  ,  qvod  a  majori  copia  plumbi  fit  fragi- 
le. 

12.  Cum 


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I«  (  O  )     K| 


301 


[la.  Cum  werrtirw  fecile  amalgamatur ,    tarn  fola  trituratio- 
ne  qvam  auxilio  caloris  &  ignis. 

Ohf.  In  fcriptis  antiqvorum  differeatiam  obfervamus  inter 
plumbum  ntgrum  <f  plumbum  album  ^  qvJbu?  nonauUi  pofte- 

"•■  riores  sddidenmt  plumbum  grijamt  qvod  eft  wifmuthum.  Per 
flumbuui  nigrum  intellcxeruiu  id  ,  qvrod  nos  hadie  plumbum 
appelUmus.  Qvid  autem  per  plumbum  album  intellexerinr, 
Bon  adeo  tacile  did  poteft,  qvum  nomhm pmi  etiam  iu- 
Duerint,  Videntur  haec  metalla  aliqvando  confudiire  ,  fal- 
teii  ^  «/nio  ita  [aftum  videtur.  Graeciappellabant  plumbum 
(loki^hq ,   ftannum    vem    KaCG-irs^o^.       A  chrmicis  vo- 

TiCdtur  hoc   metallum  faturnus^    etiam  balneum    reets  &  re^ 

S^  135^ 

3.  PLUMBUM  nativnm.  Spec.  366. 

Plumbum  nudum,  v^  Linn6  13a.  r* 
Sveth.  Gkdieget  Bly 

Gall.  Plonb  vierge  natip.    v.  De  Bomare.  255. 
G«in.  GbMbgekes  blet 

Mincris  plumbi  aliqvando  ,  fed  rariffime  inhaBtet^ 
ant  nudum ,  aut  veftitum  crufta  flavcfccnte  terrea  aut  lapi- 
dea. 

Ca)  Plumbum  nativum  ,  folidum. 
In  mufeo  Ricbteriano  fit  raentio  plumbi  nativi  ex  Pol(h 
may  &  in  mufao  Speneriano^  plumbi  nativi  a  Scbneherg  in 
Cermania.     Referunt  &  nonnuUi  id  ipfura  repcriri  ad  Vil- 
lacb  in  Carintbia. 

(b)  Plumbum  nativum,   in  granulis. 
Crufta  alba  feu  cerujfa  veftitum  dicitur  repcriri  in  cclU 
arenaceo  propc  Mqjfel  id  Ducatu  Silefia  Oelnenji. 

Ohf.  Dubitant  plerique  mineralogide'exifteutra  plumbi  nitivl ; 
nullam  yeroab  iiUsallegatam  dubitationiscauflam  vel  ratio- 
nem  vidi.  J,  G,  Lehman  in  MineraL  p.  la^.contendit  gra- 
nula,  qvae  reperiuutur  ad  Majil  ^  Tuam  habere  originem  ab 
ofBcina  qvadam  furorla,oliin  his  in  viclntis  exftruSa,atqve 
eumulii  Jioriaceis  reliftiSi  a  qvibus  haec  granula  cum  tein- 

pore 


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Soi  ^  (  o  ^  >^ 

pore  fant  fi^parati  &  cani  floeote  aqra  translata;  qVsrt 
coajeAura  fuo  noa  caret  fuodanidato;  fisd  id  de  phimbo 
nacivo  qvod  aliis  in  locis  reperitur ,  did  noo  potdl« 

I.  PLUMBUM  fulpbure  mineralifatum  ff  argento  mixiwn, 

minera  teffulis  majoribus,  minoribus  vel  grmulis  mt-' 

eons.    Galbna.  Spec.  367. 

Gakna  plumH.     Plumbago^     Nonkullorum. 

Plumbum  mineralifatum  particulis  cubicis.     y«   Likn6. 

133-  3- 
Plumbum  argento  fulpburato  mineralifatum.   Cronstedt. 

i88*  V 

Svcth.     Bltglants.     Tarkikgknalm 
GalU  Galenk   ou  mike  de  plomb  bh  cubbs^     t. 

Dk  Bomare.  2^6. 
Germ.     Bleyglanz,     WQrffelerz*       WQrflich- 

TER   BLE7SCHUS5. 

Eft  mincra  gravis  ,  compofita  tcffulis  inajoribuf, 
minoribus  vel  granuiaribus ,  plus  mioiis  niu|tf ,  colore  gri- 
feo ,  dum  radiis  folaribus  obvcrtitur ,  fplcWntibus  &  ni* 
tcntibus,  obfcuro  autcm  vcl  caBrulefccntc  in  umbra,  ali- 
qvatenus  cultro  fcifliiibus  j  fragilis,  a  jj)irim7i/wfolubilis, 
igue  facile  liqvefcens. 

(z)  Galena  tejfulis  majoribus  micans. 
Sunt  hae   teflulaB  interdum  digiti  fere  craflStie  ,   pie- 
rumqvc    pavlo   minores ,    facile  ab   invicem    ubivis 
fcparabiles.     Salberg  in  Wijtmarmia.    Segerforfen  m 
Hxgfors  &c. 

(b)  Galena  tejfulis  minoribus  micans. 
TeiTulas  funt  qvidem  in  hac  varietate  nudis  oculis  dt- 
ftin^ae  &  ab  invicem  difcemlbiles  &^parabiles,  vi* 
detuif  tamen  minera ,  primo  intuitu ,  ob  tenuitatein 
tcffularum,  qvafi  granulis  cflct  compofita.  Salberg. 
Oeffftlf'wberget^     Lmfafen    &c. 

(c^  Galena  areis  mifonsi  nen  iiftinSta  fgura  tejf%' 
kri. 

Hcc 


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1^  (  o  >  Kl€  303 

Hac  in  teffulas    non  divifibilis ,  ncc  teffulis  compofita 

videtur,  fed  potvus  areis  vq\  Jqvamis  ^  irregular!  figu- 

ra  ,  raajoribus  &  minoribus,  Hcslleforfen^   Utx, 

'Ohf,  Ut  teffuU  galena  reipfa  lamellis  compofitae,  hiac  proba- 

'     bile,  has  areas  vel  fqvamaseiVe  hujusmodi  lamellas  teouio 

res,  incerta  figura. 

Cd)  Galena  particulis  micans. 

In  hac  varietatc  figura   particularum  nudo  oculo  deter- 

terminari  non  poteft  ,  nee  facile  ab  invlcera  parciculse 

feparan ,  &,  ubi  feparabiles ,  nonnifi  ut  granula  ma- 

jora   vel  minora  inordinata  confpiciuntur^     Sallberg^ 

Ohj:  I.  Haac  texturam  granularem  Mcipit  galena  artijicialis^ 
qvae  a  piumto  if  Juipburt  praeparatur. 

.  (c)  Galena,  cuhis  vel  particulis  obliqve  refplendens.  ' 
.     Haec   nonnifi  pro  diverfo  fitu  ^    jam  hoc  jam  alio  lo- 
co micat^    qvod  a  fitu  particularum  ad  invicem  de- 
pendct  ,    dum    fe   nnituo   in  diverfo  fitu  obumbranc. 
Salberg.  *  Hdlleforfen, 
(f)  Galena  ,  texUira  chalyhea. 
Eft  fere  folida,  chalybea  textura  &  colore  fere  eodem» 
Salberg.     Hdlkforfen.     Fablim. 

Cg)  Galena  ,  fuperficie  nitida  fpeculam^       -  . "      : ' 
Ad  intrinfccam  compofitionem   (ubtiliflimis   p«rticuli$ 
cQnftat ,  faperficfe   csruleo    nigrefcente  nitida  ,  fpe- 
Culari ,  cultro  dum  fcinditur  ^  plumbeum  exhibet  co- 
lorem»    Flintshire  in  jdnglia. 

Obf.  /.  Partlcubf  ifrtfen^  ubi  vis  efle  teflulare^,  vel  ad  tejju^ 
"  farem  indinare  fi^uram,  microfcopio  patet,  nudis  licet  ocu- 
lis  prticularum  figura  non  ubi  vis  fit  diftlnda ;  qvod  alio  van- 
do  m  aliam  q  vafi  formam  lint  coaAs ,  vel  ut  fqvamuU  ap- 
pareaot,  hoc  videtur  dependere  vel  ab  infufficiente  ad  ple- 
oain  cryftalllfationem  materia  praefente,  vel  abalia  q vacua* 
qve  caufa  accideotali* 

Obf.  a.  Cmnis  gaUm  plvLmVx  fulfhure  &  plumlo  conftat,  &  qvi- 
dem  phimbo  ad  ^  imo  |  pro  centenario «  fed  oon  omnis 
fimul  argaitum   cootioet.       CaUnam   villacenjim    nihil    ar- 

jenti 


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304  l«C<>)«f 

ginti  contlncre  dicitur,  aliis  vcro  In  locis  contioet «  i  lo- 
thonis  parte  ad  marcaiDtimOftres  marcas  aliqvando  pro  cea- 
tenario,  NonnuUibl  lafupcr  ferro  participat,  {eupyriticofa 
matrria,  qvalis  galena  datur  ad  Wcltfilpipherf^et  in  DaUearUs^ 
qvae  fcorlficata  vitrum  praebet  nigrum,  dnra  galena,  qvae 
lerro  caret,  vitrum  pr«bet  flavum.  Saepe  qvoqve  cum  mi" 
neris  eupri^  aut  grifea^  fiava  aut  flavo  viridi  vel  alia,  combi* 
nata  reperitur,  qvo  cafu  h«c  tria  mecalla  ab  eadem  a  moa- 
ticoUs  fcparari  &  ellqvari  foleot ;  qvalis  hofpitat  ad  Lctf- 
ajin  &  alibi,  heic  in  Svecia,  atqve  in  Gtrmnia.  HiJ'p^ 
nia  ifc.  frcqveater  occurrit. 

Obf.  s.  Galena  plumbi*  qvae  ob  inopiam  argent}  cupellationis 
impenfa  compenfare  non  poteft,  rudis  ad  vxttificationcs  npo* 
nuUibi  adhiberi  folet. 

3.  PLUMBUM  fulpbure  miner dif alum ^  argento  milium^  co* 
lore  alho  cariUefcente ,  cryjiallijatunu    Galena  cry- 

STALLlSATA.  SfiCC  368» 

Plumbum  lejfelato  cryflaUifatum.  v.  Linn^»  13  a.  a. 
Gakm  cryflallifata.  C9.omTEj>T.  18 8-  t 

Sveth.  Crystalliserad  blyglanz. 

Call.  Mine  de  ^lomb  tessulaiee.     Minbdeplomb 

CRYSTALLISiC 

Genn*  Crystallischer  blbyglanz« 

Sunt  has  cryftalli  eadem  indole  &  natura  qva  galena 
plumbi  nuper  defcripta ,  eodem  &  colore ,  ad  teflfulatam  ac- 
ccdentes  figuram  ,  maxime  friabiles  ,  plumbo  ^  fulpbure  & 
argento  compofits. 

(a)  Galena  crystallisata  ,  hexa'edrica^  cubica. 
Gislof  in  Scania. 

(b)  Galena  crystallisata,  odtoedrica. 
Figura  eft  alurainiformi.  Freiberg  in  Saxonia. 

(^c)  Galena  crystallisata  ,  tetradecaed^ica. 
Eft  figura  ^luminis  ^  fed  apicibus   omnibus  truncatis. 

Freiberg, 
(d)  Galena  crystallisata,  cubica,  angulis  trt^a- 
tis. 

Eft 


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tH  (  O  )  W5  .      J05 

Eft  varietas  prima  (lit.  a.)  feu  telfera^,  angulis  omni- 
bus truncatis. 

(e)  Galena  crystallisata  ,  fex  (^  viginti  lateribtis. 

Objl  Szpius  hujusmodi  cryftalli  veftitx  flint  crulta  ferrugmea, 
iufca  vel  ruoeote. 

4«  PLUMBUM  antimmali  mmera  mineralifatum ,  argetao 
mixtum.  Galena    plumbi   antimonialis.  S^. 

369- 
Galma  ftriata.     M.  R* 

Plumbum  mineralifatum  fbrofo  ftrUUum.  v.  Lm.  133.  y. 
Plumbum  antimonio  (ff  argmo  fulpburato  mimralijatum. 
CronstKdt.  190. 

Sveth.    SPEISIG  BLTGLANT5.    StRIPMALM.    SpRUT* 
MALM* 

Gall.  Galsnb  STRi^e.     Galbkb  Aicuat 

Germ.  5thrahlicht£R  bletglanz.  Speissiger  blet- 

GLANZ,       BLUMICHTER    GLANZ, 

Colore  eft  galena  C  Spec.  «♦ )  nitens  &  fplcndens, 
fed  ftruQura  Jibrofa  antimoniali ;  continet  una  cum  plumbo 
&  argento  etiam  antimonium  ^  qvod  ut  iiifperfum  m  minera 
galenas  apparet. 

Ca)  Galena  antimonialts  ,  fibris  fubtilioribus. 
Salberg. 

(b^  Galena  antimonialis  ,  fibris  crajjioribus* 
Salberg. 

5.  PLUMBUM  fulpbure  6?  arfenico  fniveralifaUm^  minera 
folida  plumbeo  colore ,  fere  malleabilis.  Plumbago. 

Spec.  370. 

Plumbum,  mineralifatum  continuum  albo  carulefcens  >  nitens. 

V.  LiNN^.  133. 
Plumbum  fulpbure  mifteralifatum.  Cronstbdt,  187. 

Sveth.   Blyschwbip^ 

Tom.  IL  V      ^  GaU, 

^  Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


SOfi  |W  (  o  ;  Mj 

CalU   MiKB   DB    PLOMB    SULPHURKUSfi    BT    A9lSEKICA,^ 
LE.       V.    DB   BoMARB*      258* 

Germ.  Blb7schw£ip 

Eft  minera  colore  plumbeo  feu  albo  casrulefcente ,  in- 
terdum  vero  paruin  flavefcente ,  mollis  &  fere  malleabilis, 
non  cubis  vel  teflulis  c^npodta ,  fbd  ut  folida  &  co;npaQa^ 
au:  facie  lamellofa ;  raro  parum  ilriata ,  in  igoe  facile  fafi- 
bilis  ante  rubedinem  vaiis;  una  cam  plumbo  plus  minus 
Julphuris  &  arfenici  continet. 

(a)  Plumbago  ,  folida ,  colore  plumbeo. 
Molybdarue  vel  pi  umbo  nativo  primo  adfpedu  ferefimi- 
lis ,  fine  nitore,  textura  folida.  Hdllef or/en.    Freiberg. 
jinglia^  cfr,  BrQckm.  Epift.  bin    XLII^  49. 

{b)  Plumbago  ,  fqvamofa  vel  ftriata. 
Eft  ftriis  ar£le   connexjs  compofita  ,  de  castero  folida^ 
facile  fufitylis  &    qvidem  ad  ignem  candelae,    Frei' 
herg. 

(c)  Plumbago  lutba  ,  mactdis  fiigrefcentibus. 
AttafTu  lenis  &  pingvis ,  colore  parum  flavefcente  ^  fed 
maculis  feu   radiis   nigrcfcentibus  vel  grifeis.     ires- 

(i)  ti-uMBAGO ,  lamellofa. 

Hasc  inftar  galens  eft  nitens  \  videtur  qvidcra  teflu* 
lis  compofita  fed  tarn  ar£le  connexis  ut  ab  invicem  di- 
ftingvi  non  poflTint ,  faciem  hinc  obtinet  in  fra^u- 
ris  qvafi  lamellarem  a  lamellrs  qvadraticis ,  licet  la- 
mcllaris  non  fit ;  prioribus  varietatibus  parum  duriori. 
jinglia^  Flintshire. 

Ohf.  Plumiapnis  vox  diverfimode  flimltur  a  mineralogis;  alii 
he  oomine  galenam  plumbi  £Spec.  a.^  indicarunt,  qvaa 
d  ftinftionfs  gratia,  vocarunt  flumhagtnem  metallieam;  alii 
molyhdanam  hoc  nomine  compellarunt ,  qvam  inter  mnetat 
ferri  dercripfimus ,  eanderoqve  vocarunt  pltmbaginem  Jcri^ 
ftoriam.  Alii  banc,  qvam  heic  defcripumus  mineram, 
pittpiba^nem  fimpliciter  vocarunt,  qvoa,  ad  eVitandam  con- 
*       tuliouem  fecuii  fumus. 

Vox 


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Google 


|M  (  o  )  «J     .  ^oj 

Vox  gi»maQta^K/oy^iii;dj^,viderur  todfcare  mineriin  pbmbo 
&fulpbure  cMpohcam,  qvaiis  haec  eft,  licet  ooo  adeo  ia- 
ufiutum  oioocicolis  lapides  maculofos  feu  iofperfis  maculis 
mecaliicb  prxdiros   M^^^g  appeilare^ 

tf«  PLUMBUM  terreftrevel  kpidmm^  minera  fpatbifmniSy 
alba  vel  ffifia^      mikbra  plumb  i   alba  spatho* 

SA%  Spec*  371. 

Plumbum  fragnterais  fp^bofis.  v.  Likn6.  135.  9. 
Minera  plumbi  calciformis  pura  indurata.    Cronstbdt^ 

18^. 
Sveth.  Blyspath.    Hwit  ^lymalm 

Gall.    MiHB    DB     PLOMB    BLANCHB   SPATI^VB.     T.    DB 

Bomarb.  iS<3. 
Gcim.  Bleitspath^     W&issbs  bleyeri. 

Eft  miners  plumbi  lapidea  ^  gravis  ^  alba  ^  s^ifea  vel 
p'arum  flavcfcens  ^  textura  lamellofa  vel  fibrofa  ^  Jpatbo 
ttUt  fetemta  omnino  fimilis  ^  fed  in  lamellas  vix  dividen- 
da  ob  ardiiSmum  lamellarum  nexum  earundemqve  qvafi 
conglutinationem  ^  friabilist  cultro  rafilis^  cum  nqva  jor^ 
ii  efiervefcetis  ^  id  igne  decrepitans  ^  prudenter  vero  car- 
bonlbus  ignitis  inje^ia  ^  integra  fere  in  plumbum  reduci* 
bilis. 

(a)  MlNBRA    PLUMBI    ALBA  8lPJLTHt)SA)   j^ilU  fm  U* 

mellofa^ 
Eft  fpatlyo  lumtllofo  fimilis*     Flintshire  in  Anglia. 
rb)  Minera   plumbi  alba  spathosa  ,  ^  dwn^aJAi'! 
lis. 

Selenita  vel  fpathofboinioiMi  fiaiilis^  plus  wiiius  pellu* 
cens.  Saxonia.    * 
(c)  Minera  plumbi   alba  spatmosa^  Jibrofa  w| 
flriata. 
Fibris  faepe  capillaribus  conftat.     fir^ikrg  in  Sax9t^ 
Mendipil  in  Jnglia.    Devenia^ 

(d^  MlKERA    PLUMBI     ALBA   S^ATUOSA  ^    lapUUs  Wi- 

nutif. 

V  z  Lapil- 


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Lapilliili  fbii  grant  qaibus  tec  mineii^^nfttt,  fub  mi* 
cro/copio  videntw,  figura  cryftalliftti^amellaru  Erei* 
berg. 

(e)  MiNBRA  PLUMB!  ALBA  SFATHOSA^  cry/lalHfota. 
Reperitor  figura  priftnatica  i|  hexaSdrica,  opaca  vel 
pcllucens  colore  grifeo,  albo  flavefcence  aut  parum 
rubcntc^  Norrgrufvani  Norberg  in  ff^eflmannia  ;  cry- 
ftallifata  hexaSdrica,  utrinqve  cufpidau  reperitur  in 
JIybernia% 

Obf.  Sunt  qvi  exiftioant  haQC  mineram^  ubi  peUucens  reperi- 
tur«  vitrum  faturni  nativum  appellari  pofle;  nihil  Julpburh^ 
.  arjinici  vero  plus  ,   minus  continet ;  nihil  &  argaui.    A 
Jcienice  i:^  J  pat  bo  rbomboidaii  diftingvicur  non  folum  arfta 
lanietlarum  cobsHone,  fed  &  infigni  qva  pollet  gravitate 

7.  PLUMBUM  terre/lre  vel  lapideum ,  minera  Jpatbifomris 

viridiT.     Minkra  plumbi  viridl^.  Spec.  371^ 

*  Plumbum  cryjlaliis  bexaedro  prifinaticiSy  utrinqve  truncatis. 

V.  LiNN^.  134.  7. 
Mnera  piumbi  calciformis  pura  indurata^  figuta  prifnuui-^ 
ca^  colore  viridi^  Cronstbdt*  I85«  1. 

Svcth.   GRCiN  BLYMALM*      Gr6n   BLYSPAT 

Gall.  Mine    de   plomb    verte.      v.   De  BoMAftB» 

Germ.  GrGnbs  blbtbrz.     GRflNER  blbtspaTk 

Colore  hsc  minera ,  raro  occurrens ,    gaudet*  virldi 
vel  flavo  vindi^  maxime  gravis,  ad  fuam  vero  indolem  cum 
minera  pluAbi  alba  fpatbofa  nuper  defcripta  omnino  conve- 
niens ;  colorem  viridem  in  igne  perdit ,  mox  vero ,  conti- 
nuaco  igne  recuperate  in  plumbum  facile  reducibilis  ,  qvod 
ad  70  vel  80  pro  cent,  praebet  j  nihil  fulpburis  vel  or/e- 
nici  continet. 
^a)  Minera  plumbi  viridis  ,  folida. 
Colore  obfcure  viridi  vel  pallidiori.    TfchoppOU  (f  Freir 
Lerg  in  Gertnania. 

Ohf.  Dicitur  de  hacmlotra*  qvod  oleom  praebeat  fub  deftlila- 
laUQoe« 


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(b)  MiNBRA  tLttMBl  VIRIDIS  ^  filf^fcU 

(c)  MiNBEA  pLuMBi  tFiRiDis  ,  cryflollifota. 

Eft  figura  prifmatica  hexa&lrica  fen  nitri  truncati; 
plus  minus  pelluceBS.  ^egerforfen  occurrit  in  ga^ 
Una  UJJulis  minotibus  micante.  TJcboppau  in  Saxonia. 
Harz. 

.  Vbf.  Uode  edor  viridis  bujos  miners  dependeat»  iliijoqvi- 
iant»  qWbus  major  hujut  minerae  copia  eft. 

$.  PLUMBUM  fulpbure  (f  arfenico  mineralifatum ,  minen^ 
fpatbiformis  rubra.  Min.  plumbi  rcbra,  Spec«  373. 
Plumbum  bexaldrum  rbombeum  fuhum.  v.  Lik.  134#  8* 
Sveth.  RceD  bltmalm.     Roeo  blyspath 
Call    Mine  db  plombb  rougb 
Germ.  Rothbs  blbybrz.    Rother  bibyspath 

Eft  rainera  recenter  prope  Cdtbarinehurg  in  Siberia  de« 
te£^a  )  conllans  cryftalli^  rabris  ,  fpatbofis ,  prifmaticis 
qvadrangularibus ,  qvs  diffira£l8B  cinnabarinum  exhibent  co- 
lorem» 

Obf.  Primus  baite  mioeram  examinavit  &  defcripfit  J.   6» 
Lbhmam K  In  Tr.  n&m  mhera  plumtu 

9.  ?L\JMBUMterrefire  vel  lapideum^  minera^  colore  nigro^ 
cryjlallifata.     Miner  A  plumbi  nigra.        Sp.  374. 
Sveth.  Swart  bltmalm 

Gall.    MiNB   D£  PLOMB  NOIRB  CRYSTALLIS^e.      V,  DR 
BOMARB.    159. 

Germ.  Schwarzesblbybrz«Schwarzer  bleyspath. 

Colore  eft  maxime  obfcuro  vel  nigro,  rafura  vero 
plumbeum  exhibere  folet ,  fragilis  y  plerumqve  una  cum 
tninera  plumbi  alba  fpatbofa  cohabicans  ^  cryftallifata ,  de 
cascero  folida. 

fa)  Minera  plumbi  ^yigra  ,  folida^ 
Particulii  minimis  compofita,  cultro  rafa  plumbeum  ex- 
hibet  colorem*  Hifpania^  Ubi  cum  galena  cohabicat. 
U3  (bjiMi- 


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3IO  IM  (  o  >  IpC| 

(T>)  MmfiftA  PtoMBi  NIGRA  y  cryflaltis  regul9riim^ 
,     Sunt  hss.  crylUUi  figura  prifmatica  hQ^agona  ^  truncats^ 
TJfcboppau  in  Saxonia. 

(c)  Miner  A  plumb  i  nig^ia,  cryJlaUU  ineguLarUmv. 
Scotia  (^  BUifiadt  in  Bobemia. 

Obf.  DicuoC  plurimi  minerain  plumbi  nif^ram  nihil  alitid  efl^ 
qvam  gaknan  ad  partem  deftraftam^  fed  dubito,  an  id«  de 
bac ,  qwm  defcnpfimus ,  qryftallifata .  did  poffit ,  ft  con- 
cederemus  de  /hlitt»  id  valere. 

lO»  PLUMBUM  terreftre^  vU  tapideum  ctdcarea  hpide  mine^ 

ralifdUum.     Min.  plumbi  calcarra«  Sp,  375^ 

Tetra  calcaxea  ceru(fanaiva  mixta  induxata.  CRaNSTEBiT. 

38- 
Svcttu  Kalkartig  bltstek 

Galk  Pierre,  a  chaux  PBNETRfe  ]>b  vtaMB 

G^rm.  Kalkartigrr.  bleystein 

Eft  calcareus  lapis ,,  vel  fpathofus,  alho  ^  fufco.  ant 
llavefcente  colore^  maxiine gravis \  cum  a^va /or^f  aliqvan* 
da  cfffervefcens ,  qvi  cerujfam  vol  calccm  plumbi  iramUtam 
continct  ^  ad  40.  pra  ccnteoario  &  ultra. 

(a)  MiNERA  PLUMBI  calcarra  ,  opaett. 
Lapidi  calcareo  fqvamofo  flavefceati  fimilis.  Cbrifiiersher^ 
her  get  in  Dakcarlia^     Calcareo  folido  fimilis,  cumaqva 
forti  non  cfffervcfccn*.     Flintshire  in  j^gtia. 

(h)  Miner  A  plumbi  calcarka^  pettucens. 
Eft  facie  qvarzi  pcllucidi,  fed  cuUra  rafilia  &  com  acidis 
cffcrvefccns.  Auflria^ 

Obf.  H«c  minera  facile  difting^vitur  a  minera  plumbi  alba  ffo* 
tboja  oc^n  folum  efferv^fceatia  cum  ^cidis,  fed  &  cortipo- 
iitione  vel  textura  eaden»«  qva  lapidescalcarei  gaudenc> 
nee  noa  minori  qvantitate  plumbi  ia  hac  minera  femper 
pra&Tente^ 

II.  PLUMBI  minera  galenica  mineralifata^  Ic^idi  infenpbiti^ 
ter  immixta  ^  vario  color^J'  Galkha  mikeralisA"^ 
TA.  •  Spec  37fi. 

Plum^ 

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JXCO^KJ'  311 

Pltmhum  mtnerdifatwn  pun&is  fubocftiUa^is.    v.  lAisjsi^ 
Svcth*  Glantsmalm*  SchilSmalm*  Waskmalm 

Gail     GALBNE    DB    PLOMB    MINERALlS^e^    OU   MINE  DB 

Galenb.     v«  De  Bomare.  157.     Mine  db  flomb 

PAUVRB 

Germ.  Glanzbrz.     WAseuBRz. 

Ita  niineram  appellamus  plumbi ,  qvae  in  ipfo  lapide 
fea  niatrige  infenfibiliter  immixtam  habet  galenam ,  cujuss. 
tamen  particuls  aliqvando  cum  raicrofcopio  confpici  pof- 
funt  ^  colore  ell  diverfo  ^  utplurimum  tamen  ad  plumbeum  - 
inclinante,  qvi  aliqvando  rafura  in  confpe£him  venit;  eft 
qvidem  gravis ,  parum  tamen  plumbi  &  argenti  continet, 
utpote  qvs  conftat  longe  majori  copia  fubftantiae  lapide« 
qvam  metallicasj  in  ufum  nonnifi  prascedenti  loitara  trahi 
potelt 

(a)  Galena  mineralisata  ,  grifea» 

£ft  galena  calcareo  lapidi  zutfteatitico  vel  his  mixtisaut 
aliis  inhaerens  ^  colore  interdum  magis  obfcuro ,  inter* 
dum  magis  lucido.  Salberg.  Lofafen.  Fahlun^ 

(b)  Galena  mineralisata  ,  carulea. 

Dicunt   plurimi   banc    mineram    efle  galenam,   crafty 
canrulea  veftitam ,  qvod  rafura  cognofci  poteft.  Gos^ 
lor. 
Cc)  Galena  mineralisata  ^  fufca. 
Reperitur  ad  Goslar  cfr«  SchlUttbr  vm  Hiittenw.  p^ 

24, 
Cd)  Galena  MINERALISATA ,  golore  plumbeo  ^  fibroftL 
jlsbefto  omnino  fimilis ,  fed  plumbeo  colore  nitens,  gra- 
vis ,  plumbum ,  absqvc  addit^mento  ^  fola  fufione 
in  igne  dimittit^  qvo  fa3o,  lapis  asbeftmus  relidus 
apparet  inter  fibras  porofift.  Fibras  has  alibi ,  ad 
Genua ,  terra  rubra  aut  flava  veltitas  ^  commemorate 
v*  De  Bomarb.  1.  c. 

U  4  II.  PLUM- 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


3ia.  ^  C  o  )  ^ 

I  a*  PLUMBI  minera  galenica  cum  lapide  arenario  vitfa-^ 
bulofo indurata.    Minbi^a  plumbi  arenaria* 

Spec.  377. 
X  Jdinera  arenaria^  galena  cum  fabulo  vd  arena.   Cron* 
STRDT*  277.  b.  &  278.  «♦ 
Sveth.  Bly  sanderz 
GalL  MiKB  dr  plomb  sablonkrusb 
Germ.  Bleysamderz 

Eft  lapis  arenarius  vel  fabulofus,  cujus  granola  ma* 
jort  vel  minora  cum  galena  plumbi  funt  mixta  *&  cengla« 
dnata;  yel    cujus  pori   inter  granula  funt  galena  imple* 

ti. 

Ca)  MtNERA  PLUMBI  AREKARIA9  alba. 
.  Reperitur  ad  Breibacb  in  Colonia^  Helvetia. 
(hi)  MiNRRA  pluMbi  arenaRia,  flova. 
Harz.    iMbaringia. 

(c)  MlNERA  PLUMBI  ARENARI A,   TUbra. 

Harz. 

(d)  Miners  plumbi  arenaria,   lapillulis  cencreta^ 
diverficolor. 

lEfl:  galena  cum  calcareo  lapide  ,  glandulis  fchifti  & 
conchis  marinis  concreta.  Beda  in  Paroecia.  Rati* 
wik  in  DaUcarlia. 

13.  PLUMBUM  facie  &  conjtjlentia  terrea.      Terra 
plumbaria.  Spec.  378* 

Ochra  plumbic 

Svcth.  Blyjord.     Blygchra 

Call«    MlKK    DE    PLOMB     TBRRB17SB,        V.     Db    BoMA- 
RE.    262. 

Germ,  Bleybrde.     Bletochkr 

Eft  terra  metallica  gravis ,  qvse  originem  habet  i  rai- 
ncris  plumbi  corrofis  &  deftruftis  atqve  in  ceruffam  velpul- 
verem  mlncralem  mutatis  ,  vel  a  minera  jplumbi  alba  fpa- 
tbofa  accidentaliter  terris  immixta. 

(a)  Ter- 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


J>«  (  c  )  Kf-  gil 

Ca)  Tbrra  miMBARiA ;  alba  ,  fmra.    Cerussa  na* 

TIVA. 

Ocbra  plumbi  pulverea  albida^  v.  Linm^.  193^  7. 
Orujfa  naiiva.  Cronsteot*  185.  a* 
Haec  eft  pura  cerujjh  feu  ochra  plumbi ;   galcnae  incum- 

bens.     Cbriftiersberget  in  Novo  Cuprimontio. 
(b)  Terra  plumb  aria,  alba  ycalearea. 
Terra  calcarea  cerujfa  nativa  intime  mixta.  Crokstedt. 

37-  H. 
Eft  ceruffa  plumbi  cum  terra  ealcarea  vcl  margacea  mix- 
ta,  undc  cum  acidis   effervefcit.     Cbrijiiersberget  in 
Novo  Cuprimontio. 

'  (c)  Terra  plumbaria  ,  alba ,  Jpatbofa. 
Originem  habet  a  minera  plumbi  alba  accidentaliter  ter-» 

tis  immixta.     Tarnowitz.  0 
Cd)  Terra  plumbaria  ,  citrina ,  fpatbofa. 

Eft  rmnera  plumbi  alba ,  fpatbofa ,  roargas  flavefcenti  in- 
herens.     Tamowiiz.     J.  Georgenjladt. 

Obf.  Ab  his  terris  f^athofit ,  feparari  pofllint  granula  minera 
plumbi  ^bae  fpathofs ,  per  loturam. 

(e)  Terra  plumbaria  ,  rubra. 
Eft  cerufla   vel   minera    plumbi    deftruC^a   cum   ocbra 
martiali  vel  argilla  ocbtacea  ^  commixta.    y.  Ceorgen* 
Jladt. 

Obf.  Ocbra  plumbi  auro  tf  argento  mixtay  in  Siberia ,  cuiut^meo- 
tionem  tacit  Gmelin  in  Reif  nach  Siberien,  Fgl  11,  p.  59, 
hue  etiam  referenda  inter  has  terras  plumbarlas. 

Ohfervatmes  de  plumbo  &  mineris  plumbi. 

Obf.  I    Plttmbum  repcritur  praetereax 
(Si J  Granato  nyftalUfato  vulgar i  alicubi  inhxrens,  prout  Indl* 
cavimus.  Spec.  11  a.  lit.  b, 
ChJ  PfeudogaUna  inprimls  rubenti  infperflim ,  qvod  tamen  i^\^ 
bil  aliud  e%  qvam  galena^  utplurimum  vifibilicer  iotiyrens^ 
Obf.  a.    Plumbum  e  fuis  mlneris  trlplici  potiflimum  mode  fel 
parari  (blet*    imo.  Sola  u/Iulaiione  absqve  tuliuae«  fcilicet, 
U  5  dumi 


Digitized  by 


Google 


ai4  rxro>«» 

diim  mioen  fuper  ligna  HftuUtur»^v»  ratlone  naf^iu  pits 
plumbi  exftillat .  qvod  vocator  pbunkum  virgineum ,  qvod 
de  galena  villacenfi  fieri  dicitur.       ftdo«.   S(jia  fufiowe ,    fine 
uftuUcione  praBmifla ,  io  farnis  anemiis  ferreis  aut  aliis,  mi- 
neram  cum  carbmkus    ftratificando ,  addito  ealcareo  lapi^ 
ieot  qvod  ia  Scotia  ufitatum  eft.     jtio.  UftulMiou  tf  fk" 
fitm  ,  qvae  operatiooes  vei  in  diverfis  t'urnis  vel  In  uno  eo- 
demqve  iurno «  pro  regimioe  ignis  diverTo ,  ioilitui  pofluan 
Inftiper  vero  otKinecur  plumbam  a  minerii  eompojhis  ^  Tci  li- 
cet iis«  qvs  non  folum  plumbum^  Ted  &  argentvm  vel  cs- 
pruwiy  vel  ucraqve  haecmecalla  coatinent,  qvo  caru  uftula- 
tiones&  tufiones  ita  inftituuntur«  ut  praecipuos  refpedua  ha- 
beatur  ad  iiobiiiora  netalla  admixta,  argentttm^  cuprum,  vel 
utraqve  h«c  metalla  feparatim  obtineoda,  qvibus  vero  (iib 
operatiouibus  etiam  plumbum  tandem  feparatum  baberi  po- 
teft,  poft  cupellationem. 

Obf.  3.  Qvod  plumbum  maximam  habeat  eoavenfeflKiam  eroi 
mercurio^  boc  indicavim|U  in  Obf  circa  mercurium  9*  Magnam 
&  com  loifmutbo  «  1^  dlAum  in  objl  circa  wifmutbum 
S- 

Obf.  4*  De  pbm^'  tntrhfica  compojttime »  diverge  exiftunt 
feotentiae.  Ettmullbr,  &  plures eundem fecuti con ten- 
dunt  plumbum  contiuere  copinfum  mercurium  cruium  ,  tor- 
fan,  obmagnamcum  mercuric  convenientiam.  Lbmekt 
Htuminofam  in  plumbo  ftatuit  roateriam,  qvum  ,  fub  fpecuh 
eaujiico^  qvafi  in  refinofam  materiam  liqvefcat.  Receutiorei 
ebemci  triplicem  in  plumbo  ftatuunt  terram  »  mercurialem 
vstrefcibilm  &  inflammabilem.  Nobis  probabile  videtur  id 
ipfum  effe  compofitum  ab  d/ib^/mo  qvodam  principio ,  y^/xM 
vel  terrefirs^  ab  alia  materia  inflammabili  penetrato  &  muta- 
to  atqve  qvoad  partem  volatilifeto ,  deinde  vero  cum  alis 
inflammabili  materia  combinato.  Hoc  alkabnum  faU  qvod 
ob  facilem  vitrification^m  •  terram  vitrejcibilem  appellare 
poflumus,  probabile  redditur ,  C^J  A  calcis  plumbi  e]u$dem^ 
qve  vitri  fadlf  folubilltite  in  acidis.  C^j  Ab  eiusdem  cd/- 
eir  potentia  acidum  in  fpiritihus  acidis  deftruendi «  eo  effe- 
Au,  ut  non  Tolum  ouliam  pofteaeffervercentiamcumalka- 
linia  cftendere  poflint,  fed  &«  jyrupi  violarum  colore  m  in 
viredinem,  falium  alkalfnorum  more »  commutent.  C->^  ^ 
talcu  plumbi  corobinatione  cum  oleir  in  Taponaceam  mixta* 
ram.  JnflammabUe,  a  qvojalinum  illud^  t  fiatu  Talino  in  me- 
tallicum  fit  transmutacum,  patet  I  mo  a  volatilitate  calcia 
plumbi,  ado  ^fumo  plumbic  qvi  aeqvalis  fumo  a  corporibua 
phiogifticis.    3to.  A  colore  diverfo,  qvem  calx  plumbi  in 

igoe 

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tx  C  o  0  Ki  315 

Ipie  aflbmft.  4to«  A  Mcificatiwne  ocid^mm^  qvam  &  plum* 
bum  ipfum  &  calx  plumbi  prsQare  poteft.  sto*  A  calcis 
plumbi  facili  coxnubio  turn  okis. 

Otf.  4.  Inter  tranrmutatianif  nutallorum  exempla  nerUo  plum^ 
bum  allegatur,  qvod ,  pro  diverfa  trans poritione  &  combi- 
natione  partiuro «  vel  in  mereurium  vel  in  argeotum  depre- 
henditur  mutabile.  Si  immutetur  propor|}o  partium  confti- 
tuentium  plumbi,  adeo  ut  magis  proportionata  fiat  qvantitas 
ffrimipii  teneftris  feu  falini  ad  prfnciplum  tnfkntiaabile  ^  & 
arftior  utriusqve  nexus*  hoc  eft,  diminuetur  qvantitas  pin- 
dpi  mefcurialiSj  turn  mutatur  plumbum  in  drgentum.  Ex- 
emplum  babemus  in  experimento  H£NCK£Lii,cujusmemi- 
Dit  in  apfropr.  de  minera  argetui  rubra.  Hinc  forftn  veteres 
plumbum  appellarmt  argemum  immaturum.  Qvo  fspius 
timditur  plumbum,  eo  melius  redditur.  Experimenta  nu* 
per  in  GaUU  inftituta  &  Inafi.patif.  lafertil,  bulc  tbeli  re- 
pugnare  videntur ,  fed  hue  noo  pertinent.  ^  ^ 

Ohf.  r.  Ufuf  plumbi  eft  ampliffimus.  C^J  A  montkoUr  & 
chemicit  ad  cupcllationes  auri  &  arfrenti ,  nee  non  eliqvatio- 
aes  argevti  a  cupro  (h)  a  flanntfabrif  ad  mixturam  Jlaimi 
cum  plumbo.  CcJ  A  meiaUifuforibus  ^  ad  mixturam  cum 
cupro.  (A)  In  arte  heUica  &  Jclopetaria^  ad  globulos  rolno- 
res  &  majores  pro  Telopetis  &  tormentis  bellicis,  in  qvem 
finem  incredibills  copia  plumbi  conAimitur.  C^J  In  aliisar-^ 
tikuf  plurimis  ,  utpote  minium  &  ceruffa  ^d  piduras;  Cslx 
&  vitrum  plumbi  ad  encaujltca  opera ,  ad  ufum  medicum  la 
cmplaftris ,  aliasqve  plurimas  artes  reticeamus* 


^136. 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


$♦  136. 
4  STANNUM.  Jupiter.    Gen.  $6. 

Plumbum  album.    Anti^vorum. 
Svcth^     Tenn 
GalU    £tain 
Germ.     Zikk 

I.  Eft  metallum   album ,    nitens ,   fere   argenteo    colore, 

molle,  fciffile  &  flexile,  rcliqvis  mctallis  ipinus  du- 

'  f^ile  y  non  fonorum ,   fub  dentibus  fremens  ,    etiam 

fraQura  ;  majoti  qvam  plumb\^  gaudens  elaftkitate^ 

reliqvis  vero  roetalUs  minori  ;   fuperat  &  plambum 

tenacitate^  filntn  namqve  ftannenm  diametro  to  polK 

then.   49 1  libras  fufpenfas  fine  riiptura  tenere  Boa 

poteft« 

a«  Gravitate  fpec^ca  minima  gaudet  inter  metallic  nimi- 

tvtm  in  proportione  ad  aqvam ,  ut  7,320  vel  7^471 :  * 

1,000 :  minerae  vero  ftanni ,  qvod  memorabUe  9  o- 

mnlum  metallorum  fere  graviffimas. 

3*  In  aere  qvidpiam  in  fuperiicie  de  fuo  nitore  ,  aliorum 
metallorum  more,  perdit,  de  cstero  autem  non  aliam 
fubit  mutationem  dum  purum  eft.  In  aqva  nee 
aliam  fubit  mutationem  qvam  qvod  fuperficiiditer  fiat 
obfcurum.  -^ 

4.  hi  igne  facile  liqvefcit,  eodem  fere  caloris  gradn,  fi 

non  minori ,  qvam  plumbum.  Dum  ad  ignem  can* 
delc^  funditur ,  tingitur  flaroma  colore  C8srule04 

5.  Eodem  ignis  gradu^   qvo  liqvefcit,  eodem  continnato, 

facile  calcinatur  ,  turn  in  fuperficie  veftitur  cuticu- 
la  pulverulenta  grifea.  Haec  calcinacio  promove- 
tt«r,  accedence  agitatione ,  fub  qva  ,  omne  ftannnm 
in  calcem  vel  cineres  grifeos  verti  poteft«  Hi  ci- 
neres,  fortiori  igne  ulterius  calcinati  ,  fiont  magis 
magisqve  albi ,  cum  incrcmento  ponderis  verfus  ftan- 
num  fufum,     Satis  forti   fuforio   igne   hi   cineres  in 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Pitnm^  hyacinthino  feu  colofonli  colore  ftindi  pof- 
Ibnt ;  cum  fritta  veto  vitriariorum  dant  vitrum  album 
opalinum* 

tf .  Ab  acido  vitrioli  puro  folvitur  ftannum  9  fub  coflura ,  in 
craflam  qvafi  gclafinofani  materiam ,  qva;,  adfufa  de- 
inde  aqva ,  plene  folvitur. 

7.  jicidum  nitri  aggreditur  ftannum  magna  cum  effervefcen* 
tia,  fed  id  ipfum  roagis  corrodit  qvam  folvit^'nifi 
parvula '  portio  ftanni  fucceiTive  ingeratur,  qva  fub 
cautela  quidpiam  folvitur  ^  fed  tarn  debili  nexu,  ut 
accedente  calore ,  pulvis  feu  calx  ftanni  per  fe  prsci* 
pitetur. 

$♦  A  fpiritu  falis  fub  digeftione  vel  codura  mitiori  folvitur 
cum  effcrvefcentia. 

9*  jlqva  regis  appropriatun^ft  menftruum  ^ftanni ,  idqve 
cum  effcrvefcentia  ^  fu^^igeftione ;  hinc  convenit  ut 
fruftula  minora  ftanni  fucceifive  in  aqvam  regi$  inge- 
rantur,  ne  fiat  corrofio,  Hsc  folutio  debite  fada 
eft  cryftallifabilis  in  cryftallos  minores  o£loedri- 
cos. 

10.  Ab  aceto  deftillato  folvitur  etlam  ftannum ,  nee  non  ab 

aliis  acidis  vegetabilibus ,  plus  minus. 

11.  Cum  m(ro 9  inflammabilium  corporum  more,  detonat 
in  igne ,  fub  fufione. 

12.  Cum  omni  metallo  &i  Jemimetallo  mifcibile;  ita  tamen 
ut  eorundem  malleabilitatem  toUat  ,  inprimis  auri 
&  argentic  plurimum  qvoqve  cupri.  A  grano  ftan- 
ni integra  auri  marca  minus  malleabilis  redditur^ 
imo  a  fumo  ftanni.  A  minori  qvantitate  ferri  ad- 
mixta  fit  magis  nitens  &  fplendens  Cum  plumbo^ 
falva  malleabilitate ,  mifcetur.  Reddit  plurima  me- 
talla  5  dum  admifcetur  dura  ,  &  fonom  ,  inprimis 
cuprum  ;  redditur  &  ipfum  ftannum  fonorum  &c 
durius  ,    a    minori  aSmifcella  ftrri ,   vcl  cupri  aut 


Digitized  by  Google- 


3««  ^<  C  o  )  «l 

iol/mtabu  Si  ferrum  ftanno  fufo  ibperingeritar^  miti 
h£ec  metalla  combinantur  4  li  aucem  ferro  fufo  fuper* 
additur  ftannutn  ,  rejicitur  turn  a  ferro  ftannum  in  mi- 
nores  globulos  atqve  qvafi  difpellicur 

X3.  Cum  merct&io  facile  amalgamatur,  tain   fola  trituratio* 
ne,  qvam  adjuvante  calore» 

Obf.  I.  Hoc  metallum  fa  Europa  mfnus  freqveater  occurrtt 
jlnglia  ejusdemqve  Proviacia  Comvallienfif  videtur  ejusdem 
geouinuin  doniiciiium;  repemur  infuper  &  eliqvatur  cum 
lucro  ia  Bohemia  &  Saxonia^  4)arciu8  in  Polonid  &  alibi* 
Diftingvi  folet  ia  Malaccenfe  oftindicum*  qvod  optimum 
ceoferur,  &  angUcum  ac  germanicum.  Kacione  admifcellae  ab 
aliis  metallis  vel  femimecallis  diftingv!  folet  injlanwum  pu'- 
rum,  qvod  galllce  vocatur  Etain  olane^  qvale  a  fodU 
nis  ftaoniferia  obcioetur,  Aflannum  jonoruntj  qvod  ab  alius 
metalli  vel  femimetalU  admifcella  eft  durum  &  foaoruoi 
taftum. 

pbf.  ft,  Aatioviflimb  temporj^  hoc  metallum  fulflenotum 
ladicatur  /^.  Libro  Mosi^ap.  51.  02.  &  Ezechielis 
Cap.  27«  18.  ubi  dicitur  hoc  metallum  in  Tyro  vendiblle 
iuilTe.  NonauUi  aatiqviores  hoc  ipfum  appellaruot  plumbum 
alburn^  ob  aliqvam  cum  plumbo  convenieotlam  ,  licet  noa 
ubivis  ftannum  hoc  nomine  indicate  videantur.  A  chemicii 
vocatur  Jupiter ;  ab  aliis  Diabolut  metaUorumf  ob  fcagiiiu* 
tern  qvam  auro  &  ar^ento  coaciliat. 

S*  137- 

I.  ST  ANNUM  natiwm.  Spec.  378* 

Svcth.  Gedikget  tenh 
Gall.  Etain  viergB.     v.  Db  Bomare.  163. 
Germ.  Oediegehes  zikk  • 

Raro  occurrit  purum  &  perfeQum^  eft  tam^  all- 
qvando  repertum  ad  MQCKfiNBEftG^  ut  refert  Mathe- 
SI  us  in  Sarepta ;  ad  fodinam  Gottesgabe  in  ^oacbimstaMy  uc 
refert  Tollius  in  Epijl^  Itin.  p.  p(f.  in  Malacca  ^  ut  con- 
ftat  a  mufao  liicbteriano.  In  jinglia  &  Prmnda  Com^ 
vjallenfi  fuiiTe  purum  repertum  in  lapide  qvodam,  k 
montibus  olim  di£ra£io  ^   jam  vero  terram  feparatim  exi- 

fte. 


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'^  C  0  )  «J  319 

ftere  ,  crufta  cryflaUifrum  Jianni  cum  qoarzo  &  J^atbo 
vcftitam  ^  in  qva  ftannum  nativum  ftoit  inhaerens ,  re« 
tulit  accuratifL    B.  Qvisx.  in  ASt.  Stockb.  Anno  1766^ 

a.  STANNUM  arfenico  mineralifatum  ,   minera  cry/^allifa^ 
ta^  figura  polyedrica^  diverfo  colore.  Crystalli  minb- 

RALES   STANNl.  SpCC.  379^ 

Stannum  tefferis  cryftallinis.  v.  Linn4.  130^  i. 
Minera  flanni  vitrea  arfenicalis  cry/lallifata.  Crnnstbdt. 
181.  b   I,  *       • 

Svcth.    ZiNNGRAUPEN 

Gall.  Crystaux  d*eta!n.    v.  De  Bomare.  2S4» 
Germ.  Zit^^GRAUPBN 

Sunt  cryftalli  polyedricfie ,  incerta  utplurtmum  &  ut 
viiletur  indeterminata  figura,  ad  cubtcam  vel  teflTulareoi 
tamen  accedente  ,  fuperficie  nttente  eademqve  aut  plana 
aut  ftriata;  ad  intrinfecam  ftruduram  apparent  lamcllofaB} 
gravitate  fpecifica  fuperant  plerasqve  mineras  metallicas, 
fcilicet  in  proportione  ad  aqvam,  ut  circa  5)952.*:  i,ooo» 
minus  durs  ,  cukro  rafiles ,  &  rafura  rubentes ;  in  igne 
grifeo  mbentem  induunt  colorem  &  farina  arlenicali  ve* 
ftiri  folent ,  fimul  &  arfcnicalem  fub  calcinatione  emit- 
tere  odoretn,  per  fe  non  fufibiles  Stannum  ad  70  vel 
So.  pro  cent,  continent,  &  plus  ijunus  arfenkiy  plerum- 
qve  &  qvidpiam  ferrum.  ^ 

Ca^  Crystalli  mineraLes  stanni,  alhefcentes. 

Spatho  fimiles,   arfenico  abundant^   femitransparentes 

cum  acidis  non  effervefcentes.    AUenburg  in  Saxonia^ 

Carintbia.    N,  Com.  a  CaAbury. 

Ohf.  Reipfa  hae  cryftalll  coofidcrari  poflunt  ut  fpathum  ftami- 

ftfum^  atqvc  ad  msnetam  Jianni  Jhntbofam  ^  Spec.  j.  referri, 

^     nifi  fic^ura  cryftallifau  elfent  inftar  cryftalioruoi  pinera- 

lium  ftanul. 

(b>  Crystalli  MiHBRALBs  5TANNI,  auteo  colon. 
Sunt  etiam  transparentes  &  minus  £reqventes« 

(0 


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310  ^  r  o  )  K| 

(c)  Crtstalli  minbralbs  stahni  ,  rubefcentes* 
Gaudent  aliqva  pelluciditate ,  aliqvando  vklacea^  Hun^ 

garia.  ,       x 

Obf.  Dicitnr  a  nonnuUis  has  cryftallbs  WfTe  nigras^  fed  con- 
tlnuato  igoe  in  fodiois ,  rubrum  ioduifTe  colorem.  Hoc  ui- 
terionbus  obferv^tionibus  eft  ioqvirenduji). 

(d)  Crystalu  minerales  standi,  granatico  colore. 
Rubro  fufco  funt  colore ,  opacaei. 

Ce3  Crystalli  minbralbs  stakni  ,  nigra* 

Sunt  freqvcntiffiraaB  &  ditiffimae.  Cornwall  in  Angli(U 
Scblackenwaldi  in  Bohemia.  Ebrenfriedericbsdorff  in  Sa- 
xonia. 

}.  STANNUNf  arfenko    miner alifatum  ,   minera  irregula- 

ris^  cryftallis  miner alibus  ftanni  minimis ;  in  matrice  la^ 

pidea  (^gregcUis.    Mimera  crystallorum  stanni. 

*  Spec.   380. 

Stoftnum  grants  cryftaUims  aggregatis^  v.  Lin.  130,  2. 

Minera  flanoi  vitrea  arfenicalis  cryJlaUifata  ^  granulis  mh 

noribus.  Cronstbdt.  181.  b.  2. 
Sveth.  ZwiTTBR 
GalL  Mine  d'btain  caYSTAtLisie.   v*  Db  BeMARB. 

Germ.  Zwittbr 

Colore  eft  haec  minera  diverfo,  plerumqve  nigre- 
fcente  ,  aut  rubigino^ferreo ,  facicra  hujusmodi  minc- 
rae  fcrreae  habens ;  compofita  a  cryfialiis  flanni  mineralibus 
(  Spec^  2,  )  maioribus  <iut  minoribus ,  parum  aut  non  ri- 
fibilibiis ,  fapc  in  matrice  reconditis  ;  ipfa  minera  eft  fi- 
gura  irregulari ,  gravis ,  minus  dura ,  rafiira  rUbens  ,  in 
igne  arlenicalem  emittens  odorem ,  fimul  &  rubens  ;  pet 
loturam  feparata  materia  lapidea  feu  matrice ,  omnino  cum 
ayffallis  ftanni  mineralibus  huper  norainatis  ,  conveniens^ 
ftannumy  pro  diverfa  proportionc  fubftantiae  lapidee  feu 
matricis  ,  concinet  plus  minus  ,  una  cum  arfenico  «f  /er- 
ro. 

(a3  Mi. 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


t«  C  o  )    «J  3*1 

(O  MiNERA  CRYSTALLORUM  ST Avn^n  ^  flovefcms. 

(hj  MiNERA   CRYSTALLORUM   STANNI  ,   rubra^ 

Ri^brum  colorem  videtur  a  rubigine  habere,  qv«  tamen 
ftanno  caret.     Anglia.     Altmberg. 

Cc)  MiNERA  crystaLLorum  stanni  ,  fufcd. 

(d^   MlKBRA   CRYSTALLORUM  STANNI,   nigra. 

Hsc  eft  tnaxlme  vulgaris  colore  obfcure  grifeo  aut  ni* 
grefccntc*     jinglia.     Ebrenfriedricbsdorf. 

(c)    MlNERA   CRYSTALLORUM  STANNI,  VOriegOta. 

Colorem  diverfum  utpluritnum  a  tnatrice  habet  diverfa. 
AngUcu 

Obf.  r.   Ad  intrinfecam  convpofitionem  eft  hsc  m!nera  reperta 
vel  pofoji  ,  veljlriatn,  yet  utplurimum  gramdata. 

Obf.  a.  Ob  maioreoi  ferri  copiam  Jn  bac  mincra  prapfentem' 
non  omoe  arjimeum  ,  utpote  qvod  a  ferro  retiDetur ,  pe 
calcinationem ,  expelli  poteft ;  hiac  fab  fufionibus  una  cum 
Jldnno  firoul  praecipitari  folet  ferrum  eum  arjenico^  uodefor- 
matur  mixtura  metailica,  qvds  Hekdling  vocatur. 

4»  STANNUM  arfenico  6P  ferro  mineralifatum  ,  mimra  fo* 

liia^   colore  obfcure  rubente.     Minera  stanni  so. 

i-iDA,  Spec.  3  8 1. 

Stannum  arrjorpbum  rufo  nigrefcens,  v*  Linn^  *3o»  3« 

Minera  ficmni  vitrea  arfenicalis  foUda.  Cronstbdt.iSi*^ 

I,  a* 

Svcth.  Tknbero 

GalL  Mine  d'etain  soltdb 

<jerm.  Zinnberg.     Oerber  nNNSTEii? 

Eft  minera  folida ,  granato  rudi  fitnilis ,  amorpha ,  co- 
lore aut  grifeo  aut  fufco  nigrefcente ,  vel  obfcure  rubente, 
interdum  &  colophonii ,  maxime  gravis ,  in  igne  rubens  & 
arfenicalem  emittens  odorcra,     Corn^wall  in  Anglia^ 

Ohf  Nonnulll  exiftimant  In  hac  minera ftanmfoliiU  infenfibill- 
ter  cryflallos  ftanni  efle  immixtas,  &  eatenus  ftatmum  ab  ea- 
dem  obtineru 
Tom.  II.  X  5.  STAN- 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


9l«  ,     l><  (  o  )  ^ 

5.  STANNUM  arfenico  (fferro  minerdlifatim  ^  minera  fp» 

thiformh,  Minera  stanni  spathosa.        Sp.  38X 
Stannum  /pathofwn^fubdia^banum  alburn^  v^Linn^.  131. 

4^       > 
Svcth4  Tknspatm 

Call.    EtAIH    MINBEALlsi    DANS  LB   SPATK.       T.   Dl 

B0MARB4  a66.  I. 
Germ,  ZiKKSPATH 

Eft  minera  maximc  gravis,  plcrumqvc  fctnipcllucida, 
colore  albo  vcl  flavefcente ,  fpatho  vel  lapldi  bojionienji 
omnino  finiilis,  lamcllofa;  plurimum  /cm  continet,  pa* 
rum  vero  Jtanni.  TdplUz  in  Bohemia^  Scblacktnvoaldt^ 
Peru. 

6.  STANNUM  arfenico   ff  ferro  mimralifatum  ^    minera 

amifintbiformi  9   alba.     Minkra   stahni    striata* 
^  Spcc^  383. 

Sveth*  Stralig  texmalm 
Gall.    Etain  mineralise  bt   striE.    v.  Db  Boma* 

RE.    266.    !• 

Germ,  Strahlichtes  zinnerz. 

Eft  minera  ftanni  omnium  gravilfima ,  alba ,  facie  in 
fraQuris  vitrea,  fed  ftriata^     Siberia. 

7.  STANNI  minera  arenis  vel  terris  immixta.      Arena 

stanhea. 
Sveth.  Tensand 

GalU  Sable  d^etain.     v.  Db  Bomarv.  a6g« 
Germ.  Zihksand«     Zihhwjbschb 

Colore  eft  hoc  fabulum  utplurimum  nigrefcente,  ori* 
ginem  vero  habet ,  vel  a  cryitallis  miner^e  itannt  are- 
nario  lapldi  inhsrentibus ,  a  qvo  contrito  aut  deftru- 
6to  haec  arena  dependet,  vel  ab  ipfis  mineris  ftanni  qvo- 
dammodo  deftni£lis  vel  dijffraQis  ;  eft  etenim  compofi- 
tarn  a   particulis   mlner«    cryiinUoium  ftauni   atqvc    are* 

Oft 


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Google 


f>^  C  o  )  «}  5^j 

«a  lapidca,  rel  minimis  cryftallis  mincralibus  ftanhi,  afuo 
loco  natali  feparatis ,  &  deinde  motu  aq varum  alicubi  ac- 
cumulatis.  c^r.  Rentmanni  Nomencl.  Fo/j:  AcRicofcA 
de  re  metalL 

Ob fermt  tones  circa  Ji annum  &  miner  as  Jlanni. 
Ohf.  I.  Prsterea  wperiri  folet  ftannum 
J  mo,  Ingranati  rudis  nonnuUla  varietatlbos .  fcllicct  In/rtf* 
natoflavo  vtrtdi  isf  ruhrofujio.  Spec.  Iio. lit  f.  &  g. 

•do.  In  granatoirji/laUijatovulgari,  rutro  fufco  iiT  palliie  virU 
dej rente.    Spec.  1 12.  lir.  b.  &  d 

Hujuimodigranatl  (olent^lhsap^ellatlgrtmatijfanniferi.  Vi- 
detur  qvidcm  magna  fimijitudo  inter  granaticos  lapides  & 
niiacras  flanni ,  fed  mmo  ideo  credat  gmnes  eranaticos  la, 
pides  elie  ftanniferos.  * 

3tio.  S^uma  lupt.    Spec,  155.  obf. 

4to.  Molybdana.  Spec.  334.  obf. 

Obf.%.  Ut  fiannum  in  igne  facile  fluens  &  facilHme  calcina- 
biie,muka  itaqvefua  in  eliqvatione  opus habet circumCpc- 
dione.  Hanc  ob  cauffam.>  malleo  inprimis  ab  ipfa  mlncra 
feparaiitur,  qvantum  poffibile,  omnia  heterogenea ,  lapidca, 
texa,  ali^avae  peregriiia  mioera  ;uQulatur  deinde  utfragilior 
fubfeqvciiti  contufioiii  &  lotur*  apta  fiat,  fortiori  pottmo- 
dum  igne  uftulatur  ut  diflipetur  omne  arfenicale  &  volatile, 
imo,fiopusfuerit.  ut  renovatae  fubjici  poiri(  contufioni  &  lo- 
turap.  Polt  has  operatione.s  aliqvando  maznete  feparari  fo- 
lent  particolae  martialcs  adteixtae.  Simphdore^  vero  miner* 
his  Don  opus  habentairbagibus  &repetitis  cperationibws.  A 
mmera  lie  ab  heterogeneis  purificata,  in  furnis  huicfini  ao- 
commodatis,  cum  carbouibus mixta,  eliq vatur  purow  Ainal- 
leabile  (iannum.  ^ 

Ohf  s.  Bonitas  ^  puriut  Jfanni  cognofcitur  [al  Frenatu  fob 
dentibus  r^culiari ;  qvo  etfnim  magis  purum  eo  magia  fre- 
mit.  (b;  Btlance  bydrojlattca  [c]  fu/j<me  in  giobuhi^  determl- 

Obf.  4.  Puusqvam  in  ufum  trahitur  ftannujn  omm  folet 
coHMDifceri  aut  cum  .unco,  ca}M$ pan  ma  (xxnAm »A /iMou 
partes  loo;  ai-t  cum  ziuco  ^  mimmu  commixtlg  4^^ 
cum  'jjtjmutbo;  plerumqve  vero  cum  tmxiU»cu»i    nnrf. 

X«  Obf. 


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««♦  ^  C  o  )  K| 


Olf.  5«  SiMmnm  pmrum  In  tenuUEiM  folia  mallettam  voeator 
Stahmioi.  ,  qvod  divetfis  reperiri  fol«t  coloribus  tiaftunu 
PraecipQUS  vero  ftaoai  ufos  eft  pro  mixtwris  metalUcis. 

(hj  A  mifcella  ftmmi  cum  cupro^  qva  wictaJtifyforcs  otUQtur^ 
producnotur  metalla  mixta. 

ino.  MiTALLun  torkemtakium,  producltar,  perfufio- 
nem  ,  a  cuPri  partibus  8.  vel  lo.  cum  ftamu  parte  una.  Tea 
cupri  partibus  360,  ad  JloBni  partes  36. 

Sdo.  Metallum  campanarum  fea  ms  raJllfffamprvparacut 
a  cupri  partibus  lOO.  &  flumn  part  aa  vei  cupri  p.  16.  ad 
Jlmmi  p«  4.  Plikii  temperatura  oUwtu  erat  compufita  a  cu^ 
pri  p.  loOt  &  ftaoni  p.  4, 

Has  mixturaa  aliqvando  etiam  ziucum  una  cum  orichalco  la* 
grediuatur  Szpe  loco  ftanni  adhibetur  plumbum  ,  fiileeai  sd 
partem.  Sunt  vero  omnes  bae  mixturs,  dure,  fonors,  co* 
lore  flarefceote,  a gvibus  etiam^o^a^t  &  varia MteufiUabxor 
difolent 

(B^  A  ftami  mifielU  cum  fHuuA^ ,  qnjimmurii  ad  varia  uCeo* 
iUiautUDtur*  producitur 

imo.  Stankvm  siokatvn  dupltcx  stoKO;  qvodeftio* 
fim«  indolis ,  compofitum  a  ^auui  partibus  binis  &  plumbi 

J  Arte  una;  qv«  proportiQ  ftanoarUs  beic  in  Svecia  eft  pro- 
Ibita. 

SdO.  StAKNVMSIGKATVM,  TKlP£ICISIGHO,COIlftatj?a«- 

ni  partibus  83.  &  plumbs  partibus  17 »  qvs  temperatura  dt 
vulgaris. 

§tio,  StANKU^  SICNATtJM  QVADKUPLtCI  SIGKO,  COOftat 

Jlmmi  partibus  97.  &  plumbi  partibus  3.  Haec  temperatura  ut 
nobilior,  folet  vocari  ftannum  anglicauum. 

f  C)  Afirnm  msfcellu  cum  firro  &*  arjinico^  producitur  metul^ 
lum  album  f  argeateo  colore »  durum »  qvo  cmdclaina  coofi- 
ci  foleut 

Obf.  6.  Aliqvam  lieet  cum  f/»m(ovldeator^tftfimi  habere  con- 
venientiam ;  maximam  tamen  zsucum  inter  &  ftanuum  rept« 
riri ,  indicavimus  in  Obji  circa  ziucum. 

Obf.  J.  Sianuum  iogredi  terram  qvandam  determinatam  ca/- 
careM  iudotis  exiftimamus  probaDiliter  condudi  pofle  ^a  7 
A  colore  qvo  gaudet  calx  ftaooi  albo.  D>]  Ab  hiijus  caf- 
Cis  difficili  in  igne  vttrtficatiom^  per  fe  inftituta«  (c)  A  fa* 
ciilort  is  ar/tfif  Toiutiooe ,  [d]  ufapore  amaro^  qvem  folu* 
Cionibua  coociiiat,  tenarum  calcarearum  minre*.  [e]  A  gcla^^ 


Digitized  by 


Google 


rncoxa 


3«S 


tifufa  eoMgulMim  in  plurimis  addb ,  qvae  v\x  tlils  terris, 
qvam  calcareis  compecit.  [f]  la  vhrificatiombui  omnitio 
haec  terra  T^affJii,  ut  terra  eakinrea  fe  babety  tam  difficili  tu^ 
fioae  qvam  colore  albo* 

If^fmMU  principsum  !o  ftanno  pr«fen9,evideater  patetnoa 
folum  ab  ejusdem  detonatione  cum  nitro^  Ted  & ,  ^fulphu* 
re  qvod  obrinetur  in  dettillMone Jami  cam  oleo  vitriolu  aec 
non  a  calcinatioae  ftanni ,  8r  calcis  reduftioae«  Arjhuc^ 
U  qvidqiam  ft;^nnum  fimal  ]agreli,exiftimarunt]iTNCKBR 
in  CBnfp.  Cb.  T.  I  p.  9<54.  &  C.  Neuman  la  PraL  Cb.  de 
Siiumo ;  Ted  ab  experimentis  qv«  iaftitult  Margorapp, 
cum  Stmao  ,  in  AR.  BeroUfU  i8j|tf.  p.  laa.  allatis  videtur 
concludi  pofle  arjmcum  oonnia  accideataliter  ftaaao  t^ 
pe  e(fe  irnmixtaoiy  &  ab  eodem,  lUya  ftaooi  oacma  t  i^ 
parari  polfei 


X| 


tnS' 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


3l<  ^  C  O  )     Kf 

5.  ARGENTUM.  Luna,  Gen.  57. 

SvCth.    SiLTWER 

Gall.  Argent 
Germ.    Silber 

a.  Eft  nietallum  perfeauin^  albo  colore  nitens  ,  textnrt 
folida,  maUeabilitaU  &  duclilitate  reliqva  fuperaos 
metalta  ^  auro  excepto  j  argcnti  puri  granura  unum 
in  filutn  3.  n'narura  longitudine  &  1.  digitorura  la- 
titudine  extendi  poteft  i  imo  ;  ab  argenti  grano^  u- 
no  vafculum  formari,  qvod  unciam  aqvsB  cootine- 
re  poteft;  majori  qvam  plumbum ^  ftannum  &  au- 
rum  gaudet  elaflicitate  ^Lduritie^  minori  vero ,  qvam 
cuprum  &  ferrum-j  hinc  optimam  qvoqve  fufcioit 
polituram;  tenacitate  ininori  prficditum  eft  qvam  ^er- 
rum  &  aurum  ^  roajori  vero  qvam  reliqva  metalla  ^ 
fiium  argenteum  diametri  fo  poU.  Khen.  370.  li- 
bras  fine  ruptura  fuftinet ;  eft  .&  aliqratenus  fofi(h 
rum^  fono  non*  ingrato  ,  qvem  in  mifcella  cum  plum- 
bo  perdit. 

t.  In  acre  immutabilc  &  indeftrufUbllc  perraanet;  parum 
vero  fuperficialitcr  nigrefcit  iis  in  locis  ubi  fumi 
fulphurei  funt  freqvcntiores  ;  cvim  omni  etenim  in- 
flammabili  materia  nigrefcit,  cum  lixiviofo  alkalmo 
flavefcit» 

3*  In  aqva  pura  nihil  qvidqvam  mutatur. 

4.  Gravitate  fpecijka ,  fi  perfeftc   purum    ftferit  ,   gaudet, 

in  proportione  ad  aqvara,  ut  11,091::   1,000. 

5,  In  igne   citins   copro   fluit  ,  &  fufum  fuperficie  appa- 

rctnitida,  fpcculi  inftar  fplendcnte.  Permanet  qvo- 
qve forti  in  igne  immutabilc,  obfervatum  etenim 
eft  id  ipfum  per  integrum  mcnfem  in  igne  forti  ^c* 
tentum  vix  ^5  partem  ponderis  perdidiffe,  vel,  jux- 
ta   aliorum    experiei^ti^m  vix   ^   partem    per   inte- 

gros 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


gros  binof  menfes.    SpttuUi  caujlico  inttgtc  yolatilif^- 
ri  dicitur. 

tf.  In  igne  ftfmo  ,  cum  pulvcrc  vitri^  vel  frilta  vitriario* 
rwn  mixtum  &  fufum ,  tingic  vitrum  colore  purpu* 
reo 

A  vitro  plumbi  non  folvitur ,  hinc  cuptlUxtitman  bene  fufti- 

7.  Ab  acido  vitrioli  cencentrato  &  bene  dcpMcgraato  fohd- 
tur  argentum  purum,  accedente  codura,  qvae  tamen 
folut'io  aqva  pura  prscipitari  potell;  fi  vero  aqva 
forti  prius  folatum  fucrit  argentum ,  &  huic  folutio^ 
ni  addatur  vel  oleum  vitriolic  vel  qvoddamyZzi  m^ 
dium  qvod  acidum  vitriolicum  continet,  prscipitatur 
ftc  argenti  calx  promte^  qvs  cum  acido  vitrioli  com« 
binatur  in  Vitriolum  luna. 

f.  Acidum  nitrofum  appropriatum  eft  roenftruum  argenti; 
reqvtritur  vero ,  non  folum  ut  debita  fit  forti tudine 
prasditum^  fed  &  purificatum  ,  atqve  requifita  pro* 
portione ,  dupla  vel  tripla  adhibeatur ,  ipfa.  &  folutio  . 
co£lura  ad  finem  au£ia  fublevetur.  Hasc  folutio  eft' 
clara  inftar  aqvas  ,  cutem  vero  tingtC  colore  nigro 
non  dclebili,  fapore  amaro  fortiter  urcnte  ^  cryflaU 
hs  poft  evaporationem  dat  lunares ^  albas,  lamellares 
ad  figuram  bexangularem  inclinantes. 

9«  Ab  acido  falis  non  folvitur  argentum ,  nlfi  perfe£le  illnd 
acidum  dephlegmatum  fuerit  in  forma  vaporofa.  Si 
vero  ad  folutionem  argenti  in  aqva  forti  addatur  fpi- 
rUusfaUSy  vel  fal  commune  purum  aut  aliud  fal  me- 
dium  qvod  acido  falis  participat  ,  praecipitatur  inde 
calx  argenti  &  tam  fortiter  cum  acido  falis  combi- 
natur ,  ut  nee  aqva  nee  igne  ab  eodem  feparari  pof  • 
fit.  Hasc  calx  acido  falis  unita  ,  edulcorau  &  leni 
igne  fula  abit  in  maflam  femipellucidam  colore  cornco 
vel  fufco ,  aliqvatenus  flexilem ,    qvas  vocatur  Luna 

X  4  lO'Cum 


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328  tHCo)K|^ 

Io«  Cam  yti^^^e  facile  combinatar  fofb  fufione,  nigfeftca- 
tern  fufcipiens  colgrem. 

IX.  Cum  otnni  metallo  (f  femimetdlo  eft  mifcibile;  a  ai- 
pro  autem  admixto  redditur  durum  ;  a  Jlanno  fragi* 
IC)  qvod  etiam  fit  ab  arfenico^  zinco  &  regulo  an^ 
tinumU*  Cum  c^baUo  autem  &  mVibto  vix  combing 
tur* 

12.  Cum  mercurio  facile  amalgamatur. 

f.  ARGENtUM  nativum.  Spec*  385?» 

ArgerUum  nudum,     v,  LiNNfi.  148.  i. 
jirgentum  purwn  nativum.     Cronsteot.  ifig. 
Svech.  Gbdieget  silfwer 
Gall,  Argent  vierge  ou  argent   natif.     v.  De 

BOHARB.    300, 

Germ*  Gediegknes  silber.     Gewachsshbs  silbeR 

Eft  fere  purum  argentum^  malleabile^  colore  argen* 
tco,  fed  parum  obfcura  vel  flavcfcente  ,  ab  aqva  forti 
folubile,  aliis  mincris  vel  &  lapidibus  aut  faxis,  inter* 
dura  &  terris  ^  utpotc  argULa  vel  ochra  innatum  vel  ad- 
fixum  haereasj  aliqvando  auro  vel  cupro  fed  parce  parti- 
cipat. 

Ca)  Argentum  nativun  ^  folidum^ 
In  maflula  irregulari  vel  glanduH?  difforraibus,    Kungi^ 
berg  in  Norwegia.    Nmnarken  in  fFisrmeUmdia  ^  ubi 
in  vtM  argiUacta  repertum  fuit. 

(b)  Argentum  nativum  ,  granulate^ 
In  mihoribus  granis  reperitur  mineris  vel  lapidibuf  in- 
fpcrfum.     Freqventer  in  fodinis  Americanis  in  Mexico 
&  Potoji. 

(b)  Argent UM  nativum  ,  dentatum. 
Vocatiir  Silherzahne  ^  in  dcntium  formam  vel  in  fpiras 
Goucretum,     Kungsberg.     Mexico. 

(d)  Ar. 

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f>4  C  <>  )  Kf  31f 

(d)  Argentum  NATivuM,  gmrdfums ,  feu  dendriferme^ 
Eft  ramofum  arboris  vcl  raufci  inftar*     Kungsberg.   P(h 
toji  in  /America,     Scbneeberg, 

Ce)  Argentum  nativum  ^  braSteatum. 
In  lamellas  tenuiores^  in  fiffuris  lapidum  occurrit^  Kungu 
berg.    Freiberg.     Jobann  Georgmftadu 

Cf)  Argentum  nativum  ,  capiliare.     Tricbites. 
Fibris  vcl  fetis  tcnuiorihus  conftat ;  Scbemnitz  in  Hun^' 
garia.    Freiberg.     Marienberg  in  Saxonia. 

Hue  &  pertinet  fills  compofita  minera  ^  qvas  ab  Hijpa^ 
fiti  vocatur  jirana ,  in  fodinis  americanis  obvia. 

Obf  Argeotum  cum  fulpbure  mixtum  &  fiifbiD,  dum  Ual  igae 
tov^tur  >  io  argentum  eapiWure  vegeure  folet* 

is)  Argentum  nativum  ^  forma  cryfiallifata. 
Rcperitur  fuperficie  nitida ,  ramis  tetragonis  inftar  abif 
minis.     Kungsberg.    SairUe  Marie  in  Alfatia. 

(h)  Argentum  nativum  ^  fuperficiak. 
L(zfafen.    Salberg. 

at  ARGENTUM  fulpbulre  mineralifatum  ^  minera  malteabilis 
vitrea,  facile  fujibilis.   Minera  argent i  vitrea. 

Spec.  385» 
jfrgentum  rude  plumhei  coloris.  Agricola. 
'  Jirgeraum  mineralifatum  feEtile^  maUeabile^  plumbicolorum. 

v.  Linn6   148.  3* 
jirgentum  fulpbure  mineralifatum.  Cronstedi:^  169^  !• 

SvJth     SlLPWERGLASERZ.      GlASERZ 

Gall.  Mine  d' argent  vitreuSe.     y»  De  Bomarb# 

307- 
Germ.  Silberglas.     Glaserz. 

Eft  minera  gravis,  utplurimum  colore  plumbeo^  ra- 
rius  alio  ^  ea ,  dum  pura  eft  ,  mollitie  ut  fcindi  &  mal« 
leari,  imo^  imprefliones  fufcipere  poifit,  textura  ut  plu« 
rimum   kmellofa^   facile    in  igne   fufibilis   6c  qvidcm  eo 

X  5  iplb 


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330  t»C^)«f 

apfo  momenta  qvo  rubct ,  argeiUi  ditiflima ,  qvod  plcrnm* 
que  ad  J  continet  ^  dum  reliqvum  eft  fulpbur ,  rarius 
qvidpiam  orfenici  firnul  adinixtuM  habet;  qvo  cafu  etiant 
fragilior  eft;  hinc  incrito  conriderari  poteft  ut  argentum 
fulphure  penetratam,  unde  &  cadem  fere  forma  in  fodi- 
ms  reperitor  ut  argentum  nativum. 

Ca}  Miners  argenti  vitrba,  colore  plumbeo* 

H«c  eft  inagis  vulgaris,  colore  obfcure  grifco  feu  plum* 

bco   vel   magis  nigref  ente.     Rcperitur   plcrisqvc  in 

fodinis  argenteis,  Kungsberg  in  Norwegia.  Freibergin Sa^ 

xo7m,  Sainte  Marie  in  Alfatia.  Scbenmitz  in  Hungarian 

(b)    MtNERA  ARGBNTI  VITRBA  ,  fufcaJ 

B  ngaria.     BrQckman  in  A4.  D.  T.  I.  p.  tS%.  indi^ 

cat  dari  mineram  argenti  vHream  fufcam ,  qvae ,  duoi 
fcinditur,  intrinfccc  viridis  apparet^ 
^c)  Miner  A  argenti  vitrea  ,  flavejcem. 
Eft  fere  litbargyrii  vel  porius  awripigmenti  colore  9  fof- 
fan  arfenico  fimul  participans  ,   unde  colorem  kabct^ 
Davila  indicat  banc  repcriri  zd  Plancbi^ 
Xd)  MiNERA  argenti  VITREA,  viridefccn^ 
Munfter,     Sainte  Marie  aux  mines. 

Cc)    MlNERA   ARGENTI    VITREA  »    CCBTVkfctnS^ 

'  Hsec  eft  fr-abilis ,  fcoriis  fimilis ,  unde  a  monticolis  & 
aliis  vocatur  Scblackenerz  ,  h.  e.  minera  fcoriarunu 
Freiberg.     Lotharingia. 

(f)  MiNBRA  ARGBMTi  viTRBA ,  germinonu  Kmgi^ 
berg. 

(g)  MsKERA  ARGENTI  vitREA  ,  bra^ota. 
In  lamellis  occurrit      Kungsberg.     Jlfalia. 

Qb,)  MiNERA  ARGBNTI  VITREA,  cryftalHfata ^  cryftal- 
lis  tejularibus  o^oedris  ,  figura  eft  aluroinaru  Jga^ 
cbimsthal  in  Bobemia.      SchemnUz  in  Hungaria. 

(l)     MlNERA     ARGENTI      VITREA      CRYSTALLISATA, 

eryjlaliis  pnjniaticis  bexaedricis.     Bijjontio. 

(k)  Mi- 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


3* 


5>»  C  ^  )  •<*  ^31 

(k)  Miner  A    akgekti    vitrea    crystallisata, 

cryjlallis  pyramidalibus  decaedriu    Mexico. 

(1)    MlNERA    ARGBNTl   VITREA ,  fuperficialis. 

Otfi  T.  Ab  ofgento  mtivo  generator  poftmodam  vetojltlpbu" 
re  penetrato  &  mineraUGico  banc  roineram  utplorimum  gene* 
rarl  concludimus  a  fpeciminibus  &  fruAulis  argents  uativi 
germtsantif ,  qv9  inierius  ad  radicem  argento  nativo  con** 
ftaot,  fuperius  vero,  ad  apicetOt  in  mineram  ar^cnti  vitre-^ 
am  fuit  mutata  a  fumo  flilpbureo ,  qvalia  e  fodida  Kungs^ 
Icrgeifi  babemur  HitiC  vulgarem  &  prindpalem  hujus  nii« 
nerae  coloreni  efle  plumbeum  vel  nigrefcentem  opinamur. 
Scd,  noo  omnero  mineram  argenti  vitream  hoc  modo  cfle 
geiieratam  patet  a  di  verfa  bujus  minerae  cryftallifatione,  non- 
nifi  in  (latu  fluido  pofTibili*  Utroqve  autetn  modo  non  fo« 
Inm  fulphur  majori  copia  interdum  cum  argento  combinari 
poffe,  fed  fimul  arJenicaUm  fumum,  ubi  pr»fensfucrit,  af- 
focian  >  imo,  in  ftatu  fluido  Jiaec  nomioata  &  alia  mioeralia 
admifceri  pofle,  probabileeft.  His  admixds  exidimamus  re- 
liqvos  coiores,  qvibus  interdum  bsc  minera  gaudec,  depen- 
derc.  A  majori  copia  fulpburir  ,  widefcentem ,  a  fulphure 
tf  arjenieo  mixti^,  flavejlentem^  ab  alifs  heterogttieis  cartn 
lefcentem^  dependere  opinamur.  Contendunt  plurimi  bosmi^ 
net  a  argenti  vitrea  coiores  peregrinos,  M^^^  ^  flavos »  vi^ 
rides  ^  carukjcentef  nonnifi  Capernciales  efle,  &  dependere 
a  crufla  qvadam  extrinfece  adhaerente ;  fed ,  an  hsc  fuppofi- 
tio  ubivis  locum  habeat ,  hujusmodi  mincras  argenti  vitreaa 
coloratas  examinaos  facile  deprebendere  poteft ;  rafura  etenim 
vel  gravlbri  phga  proprius  erainet  &  apparet  miners?  color. 

Obf.  a.  Arte  producitur  Imbc  mtnera  ab  argento  in  tefta  vel 
crucibulo  fufo,  cui  deinde  additur  fuccefli ve  falpburii  in  fhi- 
ftula  minora  divifit  fextuplum  aut  ofttiplum,  qvo  fadto  maf- 
fi effunditiir  nigricans  ;  vel,  ut  innuit  Kunckbl  in Lubor. 
Cbem.  p.  16.  eadem  baec  minera  artificialis  obtinetur ,  &  li* 
matura  argenti  csmentetur  cmjsx  fulphure  &  moderato  i^ne 
fovcatur,  A  ealee  argehti  edulcoraca  ♦  cum  ciwtabari  &  arjeni* 
CO  ad  partes  aeqvales  ilratificata ,  per  csmentationem ,  eo 
ignis  gradu  « ut  tandem  fublimetur  &  (bparetur  mercuriusy  mi^ 
fiiram  argenti  vitream  pcsparari,  iodicac  Lehman  von  Metalt- 
mut.  p.  99. 

ARGENTUM  acido  JbHs  mineralifatum ^^minera  femipeU 
lucida^  lamellofa^  cornea^  igne  candela  liqvabilis.  Mi- 

K£RA    ARGENTI   QOKHEA.  Spec.387« 


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33^  t>^C  o  )  >^ 

jtrgentmi  mineralifatvm  ^  fubmaUeabik ,  fiAdiapbanum.  T;: 
Jrgentwn  acido  falls  folututn  £f  mimralifatum^    Crok<> 

5TKDT.    177. 

SvCtH.      H0RN5ILF\rBR.        HORNBRZ*         HVIT   GLAS* 
KRZ. 

Gall.  Mine  0*  argekt    cork^c.     v.   Db  Bomarb* 

304. 
Germ.  HoRK^iLBBR.  HorkErz.  Gewachsbhes  aORK« 

SILBER.      WbISSBS    GLASERZ.. 

Rarlffima  eft  arg:enti  minera^  colore  albefGcnte  aut 
fufco  flavo,  femipellucida  ^  intrinfece  lamellofa,  comui  It- 
miliS)  tinde  nomen  habet,  aliqvatenus  tnalleabilis  tarn  an* 
te  qvam  poft  fufionem  ^  cultro  &  fciiTiIis  ,  unde  bene  co- 
piofci  poteft,  licet  extrinfece  interdum  obfcura  &  qvafi 
rubigiBofa  ai>pareat ;  fortiori  igne  volatilis  ;  argentum  conti« 
net  ad  I)  reliqvum  eft  acidum  falls  cotrnmrniSy  qvibua  par- 
tibus  conftitutiWs  aliqvando  arfenlcum  accedit 

(a)  Mikera  argbnti  cqrnea^  colore  dlhefcefOe. 
Haec  eft  minera  qva»  a  aonnullis  vocatar  mlnera  targenti 

fritrea  alba  ,   &  ab  iisdem  ad  miner  as  argerUl  vltreas 

refertur^  ob  faciem  extrinfece  fere  vitreanu  ZtlkrftUiU 

Cvadalcanal  in  Hifpania. 
(h)  Minera  argbnti  cornea  9  flawfufca. 

Rejina  fere  aut  colopbonil  faciem  habet. 

(c)   MiNBRA    ARGBKTl    CORNEA  ^  COlore  VMdi  ff  pUT^ 

pureo. 
^obann  Georgenftadt  tn  Saxonia.  Woodw«  T.  II. p.  a. 

Qhf.  Arte  (\vomoAo  h«c  minera  cibtineatur  indlcav^imus  p»^ 
gr4pbo  pracedenti  Nro.  9.  fcilicet ,  dum  argentum  folvituc 
gfud  forti  &L  folucum  prscipitatur  mtarid  Jklsf  commumi^ 
deinde  edulcoratum  tuaditur.  Talia  arte  fafta  Itma  cormut 
fepe  igna  is  divenditur  pro  minera  argenti  cornea  oaturaU, 
SeA  nacurm  ^  h^tc  via ,  hanc  eaudem  mioeram  prarparare» 
aemo  credat.   Arfcmcum  imo  &  Julpbtir  aliqvando  in  hac 

f&i* 


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*x  C  o  3  Kf  333 

«  *      mioera  efle  admixta,  odor,  qvem  b«c  mlaera  Infgoe  fpac* 
git,  indica\ 

4*  AKGEi^T V iA  arfenico  & plpburemineralifatumy  mine* 
ra  rubra  ,  ante  i^nitmsm  fujibilu  Minbra  argek* 
Ti  auBRA«  Spec.  388* 

Minera  florenorum  rubra.  Nonnull^ 

jirgentum  rude  rubrwn^  AGricola  de  N.  Foff  L.  X 

jirgentum  rubefcem  ^  tritura  rubra,  v.  Linnc.  149^  4. 

jir^entum  fulpbure  6f  arfmicemineralifatunu  Cronst£dt» 
170. 

Svcth,    RoTHGYIDEN^      RoTHOyLDENBRZ, 

GalU  MxKB   d'arglnT   rouge.      t»  De  Bomarb. 

303- 
Germ.   RoThguldenere^ 

Eft  minera  gravis ,  colore  rubro  >  fortiori  aut  debt- 
liori ,  aliqvando  ad  purpureuin  accedente  ^  interdam  ob- 
fcure  vel  grifeo  rubente ,  ipleiidens ,  tritura  vero  fe'mper 
flibens ;  plerumqve  opaca  ,  irregularis  4  cryftallifata  vero 
utplurimum  femipellucida  &  clara  ;  igne  decrepitat  ,  & 
ante  rubedinem  Suit.  Arfenicum  banc  mineram  ingredi 
patet  ab  odore ,  qvem  in  igne  emit  tit  arfenicalem  ;  SuU 
pburis  prsfcntiam  indicat  hujus  miners  color  ruber  & 
detonatio  cum  nitro.  Qvidpiam  ferri  fimul  ^  faltem  ali- 
qvando admixtum  eiTe,  qvod  poft  uftulationem  magnete 
cxtrahipoteft,  nonnuUi  contendunt.  ylrgentum^  dum  pura 
eft  minera ,  ad  |  continere  folet ;  qvag  obfcurb  eft  colore, 
minus  continet.  Nonnifi  in  r embus  &  glanduHs  in  argenti* 
fodinis  reperitur, 

(a}  MiHBRA  ARGBNTi  RUBRA,  (fpaca  ^  ruhtfts. 
Eft  fere  cirmabarino  colore ,  fuperficie  nitente ,  friabillj, 
folida,  amorpha.     Ab  Hifpanis  vocaturRosicLER  in 
Potofi ,  ubi  freqventior  occurrit.    jdndrtasberg  in  Her 
cynia.     Salberg  in  tfeftmannia. 

Qd)  MiHERA  ARGE24T1  RUBRA ,  caruU/cens. 

Eft 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


334  ^Co)«l 

Eft  opaca  ^  ^  rubro  csriilefcente  colore  ^  fea  his  qvafi 
mixtis.     Freiberg,     jinnaberg. 

(c)  MiNBRA   ARGENTI    RUBRA  ,   grifea. 

Colore  e(i  grifeo  cum  aliqva  rubedinc  mixto  ,  tritura 
tamen  rubet,  Freiberg.  Andreasberg  in  Hercynia^ 
Mexico. 

(d)  MiNBRA  ARGENTI  RUBRA,  nigrifcens. 

Eft  colore  obfcure  cinereo.    Jobann  Geor^enftadU    J(h 
achimstbaL 
Cc)  M  IN  ERA  ARGENTI  RUBRA,  pellucefis  ^  atuorpba. 
Colore  rubro  fere  granatico.     Potojt.     Joacbimstbal. 

(J)  Miner  aragenti  rubra,  pellucens  ,  figurata. 
Eft  plus  minus  regulari  figura ,  interdura  drufica ,  in- 
terdum  cryftallifata ,  figura  prifmatica ,  dscaedrica ,  rfo- 
decaedrica  imo  pluribus  lateribus,  interdum  figura  in- 
deterrainau.     Hdngaria^     jilfalia^     Bipontio. 

(g)  MiNERA  ARGENTI  RUBRA ,  fupe^^ficialts.    SolbeTg 
in  Weftmannia.     Ebrenfriedericbsdarf. 

ObJ.  X.  Ats  apparcnter  banc  mioerain  imitstur,  dum  hpidir 
pyrmiejon^  ab  antimomit  arfenici  &  fulpburii  ana  per  mitem 
luiioncin  praeparati  pars  una  mifcetur  cum  calcii  hina  parte 
Inatica  &  eyci  martis  p.  ^  qvae  mixtura  miti  igne  fun- 
denda.  Analogon  qvoddam  etlam  h:^beri  potcft  ab  nnti* 
monio ,  nitro  £^  calce  luiut  mixtis  &  fufis*  Cum  minera  ar- 
fenici  giba  feu  pyrite  atto^  banc  mmeram  imltari  ,  ut  non- 
nulli  exiftimant,  fruftraneus  eft  labor. 

Obf.  a.  KODDuUibi  reperitur  haec  minera  qva  fimul  aurum  ha- 
bet  admixtum ,  ut  Kremnitz  in  Hungaria,  ^Joadimsthal  & 
alibi.  Hofpitare  folet  in  qvarzo  ^  Jfotbo^  cornea  aliisqve 
mineriiy  inprimis  in  confiniu  minerarum  arfemcaltum. 

|.  ARGENTUM  arfenico\  fulpbure  (^  cupro  mineralifa* 
tum^  minera  micans  alba^  Minbra  ARGtJNTi  ^l- 
ba.  Spec.  389* 

Minera  florenorum  alba.  Nonnull. 

Argeraum  rude  album.    Agricola  dc  N.  F.  L.  X. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


|X  C  o  ;  Ml  331 

j/rgmtam  mineralifatum  cupro^  arfenicak^  tritura  albida^ 

V.  LiNNi*  149.  5, 
jirgenttm  arfenico  6?  cupro  fidpburato  mineralifatum^  mfc 

nerafolida.  Cronstedt*  i7i*  b. 

Sveth.   WtlSGTLDBN 

Gall.    MlHB    D^ARGENT    BLANCHB 

Germ*  WkissGULO£H»     Wbi.^sguldkkerb.^ 

Eft  ininera  argenti  gravis  colore  albefcentc  feu  grift» 
albo  nitens  &  fqvamularutn  pilcium  inftar  fplendeas ,  fed 
corapaQa,  minimis  in  fradura  particulis  apparens,  inter- 
dum  licet  ftriata  ;  galena  plumbi  particulis  minimis  nitcnti 
iion  multum  diflimilis ,  fed  durior ,  cultro  non  fcifiilis ,  trU 
tura  pulvcrem  dat  album ;  compofita  arfenico ,  fulpbure  & 
cupro ^  qvibus  argentum  eft  mineralifatum,  qvod  \  par- 
tem ,  dum  minera  eft  pura  ,  conftituere  fplet ,  ci^i  vcr# 
major  adefle  folec  proportion 

(^a)  Minera  argbntj  alba  ,  colore  plumbeo. 
Reperitur  in  ^Ifatia ,  HiJparUa ,   aliisqve  locis* 

(^b)  Minera  argenti  alba,  colore  cbalybeo. 
Eft  priori  varietate  parum  obfcurior ,  albo  casrulefcente. 
feu  chalybeo  colore ,  tritura  pulvcrem  dans  nlbuuu  S. ' 
Marie  aux  mines  in  Alfatia. 

Cc^  Minera  argenti  alba  ,  drufiformls 
Eft  drufica ,  rariffime   cryftallis  cubicis  obvia.      Joa^ 
cbimstbal. 

Obf  I.  Qvae  vocatur  &  defcribitur  minera  argenti  (did,  colore 
aluejcente,  eandein«  utpote  qva?  cupro  ca^et,  ablcgamus  ad 
mineral  argenti  arjinicalex  poftraodum  defcnbcndas. 

Obf.  •.  Hanc  roineram  qvidpiam  plumli  aliqvando  fimul  coa^ 
tmere«  ne{;are  noo  polTumus  ,  inprimi2»  dum  in  victniis  ga- 
kmr  fjumbu  vel,  cum  eadem  galtna  commixta  reperitur.  la 
//if8j'4n'a&  alibi  occurrit,  qvsqvjdpiam^uM*  limul  contiuet. 

tf  4  ARGENTUM  arfenico  ,  fulpbure  ^  cupro  mineralifa- 
tum^ mimra  nigra  J  uli§,inoJ  a.  Minera  ajigenti  ni- 
9a A.  Spec.  390- 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


336  «HCo)><f 

Arg^ntum  tude  nigrum^  Ac^rxcola. 

Cuba  nigra  argenti  partktps.    Hbbbkstkbit  in  Maf. 

Ricbt. 
Argentum  obfcure  fidiginofum.  v.  Linn6.   i^o.  9. 
Argentum  arfenico  £f  cupro  fulpburato  mineralifatwn  ^  mi* 

nera  mollis  deftruEta^  CronsT£DT,  171.  a 

Svctlu   SwARTGYLDEN 

Gall«   Mike  d'argbnt    voire*      v.  De  Bomarb. 

306. 
Germ*     Schw^arzguldekbrz.        Silberschwarze^ 

R0S8ICHTES  brz 

Eft  minera  colore  nigro  vel  fullginofo ,  maxirae  fr la- 
bilis,  fed  gravis;  originem  forfan  habens  a  minera  ar^en* 
ti  alba  nuper  defcripta  vel  allis  qvoqve  mineris  argenti^ 
calore  fubterranco  ad  partem  deftruQis  ,  fulpbwe  &  ar/e« 
nico  ezpulfis ,  vel  alio  modo  diiEpatis ;  hinc  non  niirum 
in  hac  minera  fuligino^a  granula  minera  argenti  alba  vel 
&  rubra  interdum  immutata  &  qvafi  immixta  obfervari, 
Hinc  &  hasc  minera  fupra  mineram  argenti  vHream  ^  nee 
non  mineram  argenti  albam  &  rubram ,  dicior  hofpitare  fo- 
let ,  fed  nonnifi  in  rimis  &  fifluris  ,  ut  in  Freiberg  eft 
obfervatum,  ut  refert  Lb h man  in  Einl,  in  Bergw. 
p.  83*  Arfenico  ^  fulpbure  &  cupro  conftat  ^  qvibus  ar^ 
gentum  eft  mineralifatum  ,  qvod  ad  |  imo  i  fui  partem^ 
dum  pura  eft^  continet. 

("a)  Minera  argenti  nigra,  j^trngfo/i. 
Eft  cavcrnofa^  tuberofa.     Siberia^     Freiberg  ubi  fOm 
pro  cent/  argenti  continet.      Cfn  Woodward  T# 
II*  p*  II.  &  35«   Scbneberg, 

(h)  Minera  aroehti  nigra,  pulverulenta. 
Facie  mollioris  pulveris,  vel  folo  atta6hi  in  pulver^m 
abiens,  nigra ,  fuliginofa,  argento  clitiflima. 

Obf.  Sub  bac  varietate  comprebendere  poOiimus  minerm  ar^\ 
genti  nigrm  fragilem  ^  qvx  ab  bungarlcis  monticolij  Ryib- 
gewUcbs  vocatur.    Cfr.  Juaxi  Cb.  Sf*r.  T.  L 

(c)  Mi- 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


^  (  «  ><J  337 

^'c)    MlNlRA   ARGBMTI  NIGRA,  lmntU$Ja» 

Jobann  Cwrgenfladt.     Freifferg. 

(d)   MWERA   ARGENT  I    NIGRA,   VBgttMS. 

Eft  dcndriforrais.     Marienberg.     LotbaringU. 
(c)  Mjn£RA  ARGENTi  V icK A  ^  ft^rjicialis. 

Siepe    ia   tenaci   qvafi  lamelU  fuperficialiter  adhaeret* 
Freiberg. 
Ohjl  Miufifd  argenii  nigra  Jhlidg^  qv«  ad  banc  Tpeckai  coanih 

meraii  folet,  ad  fpccieii}  rubfeqventem  pertinec,  &,  mMe" 

ra  argeiUi  nigra  ptcea  ,  ad  mineral  argifUi  zincojas  mox  in  fe- 

qveatibus  defcribendaSf  eft  refereada. 

7,  ARGENtUM  arfenico ,  fulpbure ,  cupro  6?  ferro  mine^ 
lifatUHiy  mineta  folida  ^  griji^  MiN£Ra  argenti 
GRISBA.  Spec.  i9U 

Argtntum  rude  cinerei  coloris.   A<5RIcola. 

Mrgentum  miHiralifuum  odpro  cinereo,  tritura  rukra.    v^ 

jirgentumarfenicQ  (f  cupro ftdpburutQ  mineralifatum^  Croh* 

STKDT.    171. 

Argenium  cupro  (f  antmom  fulpburatis  wdmraUfiuum. 
Crokstedt. 

Svcth.    GRA    SlLFWfcRMALM.      FahLERZ 

Gall.  MiNS  d'argeht  grise.    v.  DcBomars.  30ft* 
Mine  d'argknt  d'un  gris  de  cewdrb      ^ -,,..   J 
Germ.  Fahlerz,     Graukrz.     Schwarzerz 

Haec  minora  nihil  allud  eft  qvam  minera  cupri  grifea 
(Spec.  ix^.  )  qva  majori  proportione  argenti  participate 
fnnul  &  aliqvando  qvidpiam  antifntniii  admixtum  habet, 
tritura  rubct.  Maximc  itaqve  h«c  minera  a^nis  minera 
argenti  alhte ,  (^Spec,  iSp  )  fub  qva  &  a  plurimis  com- 
prchendi  ftlet  ,  ab  cadem  vero  non  folum  colore  in 
hac  mioera  obfcuriori  differt,  fed  &  majori  copia  cti- 
pri^  cum  admixto  ferro  in  hac  roincra  praBfcnte,  un- 
de  &  color  magi^  obfcurus  dependet^  ac  rubens  tritu- 
ra^ eft  9  de  caetero ,  gravis,  folida  &  denfa  ,  minimis 
Tom.  11.  ^    Y  partU 


Digitized  by 


Google 


33«  |5^C«-)«i 

particulis  nitefis ;  a^gitdum  fepe  ad  2.  vel  3.  ntrcas ,  imo 
ultra  pro  ccnten^rio  ,coHciiietj  cupfi^A  20.  vel  94.  pro 
cent,  raro  qvidpiam  auri  immixtum  habei: ,  ut  ad  Scl^mUz 
in  Hungarian 

(a)  MlNBRA  ARGBNTl  GRISE A  ,   CO/OTf   gfifeO. 

H^c  eft  qv8B  a  monticolis  vocatur  Grauerz^  colore 
eft  pure  cinerco  vel  grifeo  ^  confiftentia  interdum 
duriori  intcfdum  fragiliori^  compa^ia  &  denfa,  cultro 
non  fciffilis,  Freiberg.  Goslar^  Interdum  antimonio 
parti cipat ,  JEnimJkog  in  Dalia 

(b)  MiNBEA  ARGKNTi  GRisEA,  fiigfefcente  coIOTi. 
Haec  eft  qvae  minera  argenti  nigra  Jolida  appeilari  foler, 

a  monticolis  Schwar2Erz,  ab  Hifpanis  y  Nkgril- 
Ilos^  reipfa  vcro  nihil  aliud  eft  qvara  mnera  cupri 
^Yifea  nigricans  (Spec.  3 $2  b.)  qv«  majori  por- 
tione  argenti  participat ;  eft  denfa ,  texturs  chalybeas, 
interdum  qvidpiam  antimoniale  fimul  adraixtutn  habens^ 
ut  m  minera  argenti  grifea  nigricantc  ad  Poto/i  obfe^- 
vatura  effe  refert  Baumer.  Bleyberg.  Freiberg. 
Hungflria^ 

(c)  Minera  argenti  gki$'Ra  ^  cryftallifata: 
Cryftallis  pyramidalibus  vel  antimonialibus  conftat »  t^i* 

tura  rubet      J^niwjkog  in  Dalia.     Tranfylv. 

Objliixc  oiinera  plerumqve  cum  miaerii  cupri  bofpitare  fo^ 
ieti  rarius  cum  galena  plumbi ;  qvae  Vcro  antimomo  (imul 
participat  VreqvcDtior  eft  iu  argeucitodink ,  cum  gcileoa 
pluaabi  vel  aliit  argeati  mineris. 

9^  ARGENTUM  fulpbtare  arfmco  &  antimomo  wineraUfa^ 
tum^  ni:}:era  fujca.     Minora  argbnti  HKPATicAt 

Spec.  39«* 
j^rgentum  antivwnio  fulpburato  mineralifatum  minera  d/m^ 
re  grifea  parum  brunefcente.    Cromstedt.  173.  a» 

Sveth.   LeBERKRTS.      BrUK  Slh¥WEJSMAhU 

Gall.  Mine  d'argemt  brune 
Germ.  Lkbererz.    Braukerz 

Eft 

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fJ*  (  o  >  K^  33J) 

Eft  hsc  miners  colore  fiifco  ftu  jecorir^  vel  obfcure 
grifco  ad  fiifcu©  ihclintate ;  qvee ,  tritura  rubcns  in  mine- 
ra  antimimiali^  cui  forfan  &  alia  peregrina  &  arfenicalia  ac- 
ccdunt ,  minorem  copiam  argenti  continet.  Braunsdorf  in 
Saxonia.     BUmckenburg. 

Ouf.  Hac  mlflera,  Inprimis  ruhro  fufia^  qvalis  blanckenburgen- 
Jss,  eadem  eft,  qv«  interdua,  edam  io  i2.  Min.Svtc  ad 
mineral  argenti  rubral  efl  re  lata,  fimilis  m/Vt^r^  fii/wi  /'e/)^//- 
frf.  Qvae  obfcure  grifio  eft  colore  ad  fufcuin  inclinantcqvar 
lis  btaunsdarpenjii  ^  vldetur  effe  miner  a  antimonii  folida  (Sfjec. 
104. )  argeoto  participans.  Ati  miaerae  fuftr«  argent! ,  ame- 
fican^y  qva  si  Hijpams  Mulatos  vocaoturf  aotimouio 
particip<;at ,  dicere  noo  poifun). 

9.  ARGENTUM  fulphure ,  arfmico  ^  antimomo  minerali- 
fatum^  minera  plumofa  vel  radiata.    Mik£RA  argen- 
ti plumosa.  Spcctjpj. 
j^rgentum  aritimonio  fulphurato  mineralifatum ,  vdnera  ca^ 
ruleo  nigrefcente^  cryjlailis  capiUaribus^   Cronst^dt. 
173-  /3.  I. 

Sveth.    FliBDERSlLWER.      Federerz 

Gall.  Mink   d' argent    en   plume*      v.  Dc  boma* 

RE.    305. 
Germ.    FEDERER2 

Ad  fuam  tcxturam ,  eft  haec  minera ,  minera  antimo- 
niiplumufis  (*Spec.  363.)  omnijio  fimilis  ,  friabills  ,  levis 
pleniinqve  digitos  inqvinans  ;  per  fiiblimationem  prabet 
riJigaUum^  unde  arfenici  pr&fentja  una  cum  fulphure  patet; 
arf^entum  vix  ultra  4,  vcl  }J.  lothoncs  pro  centcn^  con- 
tiaet. 

Ca)  MiNKRA  ARGENTI  PLUM05A  ,  nigricans. 
Hsc   eft  freqventror   &   magis   nott.     Freiierg^   cfr. 
Woodward  T.  II.  p.  11.  &  35. 

(b^  Minera  ARGENTI  Pi-uMos A,  ctfrtt/e/re»i.  Saxonia, 

(c)  Minera   argent i    plumosa  ,    alba  vel  cifima. 
UraimsJorf, 

Y  2  10.  AR- 


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340  ^  C  o  )  Hi 

to*  ARGENTUM  arfenko  ^  fidpbure  ff  fern  mineralifa^ 
tum^  minera  albo  coUnre  nUms.     Minbra  argents 

ARSBNICAL1$.  SpCC.  394. 

Argtntum  mmeralifatum  wtfirdcak.  v.  Linn6.  i  50.  7. 
Argetuumftrro  6?  arferdcoftdpburaismneralifitum.  C&oN* 

STEDT.    175. 

Sveth.     Weissbrz.     iiLfwbrhaltio  arsbkikausk 

KIES 
GalL    MlNBD^ARGENT  d'uKB  COULBUR  BLANCHE  LUI- 

^AHTE.     Mike  d'arcent  arsbnicalb 
Germ.  Weisserz.  Silberualticbr  arsbnikalisher 

KXBS 

Eft  hsec  minera  folida ,  dura ,  particulis  minimis ,  co- 
lore roagis  albefcente  &  lucido  qvam  minera  argenti  (Uba^ 
nitens;  ad  chalybem  odore  alliaceo  fcincillans;  reipfa  ideo- 
qve  nihil  aliud  qvam  $mnera  arfenici  cinena^  qv«  argentum 
contioet  ^  five  nativum  five  mineralifatum.  Qaustbal.  Af^ 
ireasberg^ 

Obf.  A  minera  argenti  alia  diflert  hmc  wunera  irgetUi  $ffemcalit9 
non  folum  colore  albo  m«^s  nitente^  qvo  ex  aOe  sqvalis 
minera  arfenici  cinerea ,  fed  &  qvod  cufro  careat.  Non 
cootundenda  cum  roineris  cohalu  ,  qvs  Interdum  argento 
participant.  An  argentum  in  hac  minera  folutum  &  minera* 
liratum  exiftat  '^  An  nativum  %  Nondum  accurate  eft  explo* 
ratum.  Cum  wganto  nativo  mixta  feperitnr  hmc  JBinen  ad 
Braunsdorf. 

II.  ARGENTUM  zinco  fulplurato  nHneralifottm  ^  minera 

nigra  vel  nigreJcenU  ^   nitida,       Minera  argenti 

zjNcosA.  Spec  395. 

Jrir^entum  mineralifatum  zinco  Jieiiti.  v*  Link**  150.  g- 

yjrgenttm  zinco  fulphurato  mineralifatum*    Cronstedt, 

175. 

Svetlu    PbChBLBNDB.       SiLFWBRHAI'TlGT   fECKBLBK- 

JDE 

Call. 


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GtlUMlKBD'AlUGENT   NOlKB  LUlSAKTB  COMMB  DK  LA. 

jpoix^      Mine  d' argent  d'un  noir  luisant. 
Mine  d'argent  zinqveuse 
Germ.   Pscublbnde.       Silberraltigb    pechblen* 

DE 

Eft  minera  zinci  vel  pfiuiogdUna  nigra ,  colore  obfcu- 
te  g;rifeo  aut  nigro  ,  fqvtmulis  nitens ,  qvae  fimid  drgznium 
folutum  vel  inineralifacum  continet, 

(a^  Minbra  Argbnti  zikcosa^  Mfformis. 
Colore  eft  obfcBre  griieo  vel  nigr6 ,  fqvanmlis  mino* 
ribus  nitens. 

Cb)   MlNERA   ARGEl^i  ZINCOSA,  gloiof(L 

Hsc  eft  qv»  vocatur  kugblerz  ,  colore  obfcure  grireo 
aut  mgro ;  wrgerUum  ^  ad  3.  marcas  ^  zincwn  ad  30. 
pro  cent,  continere  folet.  Scbimnitz  in  Hungarian 
ubi  etiam  aur0  |>rrticipat. 

Ok/'  Hm  nioercad  mneras  atgenti  m'grat  ccHiDUinerarl  folent 
&  VQC%timinefa  argeuti  mgra  Mida^  vei,  dumatrofunt  nicen- 
tes  colore  i  minefa  Mrgentt  nigra  pieeai  (rermanice  ichwarz 
FECHBRZ,  qvae  reperitur  Si  Joaebinttbgl. 

!!♦  ARGENTUMytt/pfcore  (f  ferro  miner'alifatum ,   minera 
pyrUicofa  fufca,     Mimera    argenti   pyriticosa. 

Spec.  396. 
Argmwn  ferr^  Jii^burato  mineralifaiwn.   Cronstedt* 

Sveth»   SlLEWBRRALTIG  KIBS 

Gall.  Mine  d'argbnt  pyritbusb 
Germ.  Silbsrhaltiger  kies 

Eft  hasc  minera  compofita  a  pyriu  fufco  QSpec.  177O 
&  argerao,  qvod  ab  eodem  pyrite,  fine  dubio,  eft  folu- 
turn  &  mmeralifiitttin  ad  6.  vel  7.  loth*  pro  centen.  lisdem 
itaqve  criteriis  gaadet  qvibus  talis  co^nofcitur  pyrites. 
Kungsbtfg  M  Ndfrwtgia^ 

Yi  13.  AR. 

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Mt  t>«  C  o  )  ♦^ 

13.  ARGENTUM  «fl/iwjm  vel  mineralifatum,^  topidl  cdca* 
teo  vel  qvarzofo ,  fine  nitort  metalUco ,  immixtum.  Mi- 
ner^ argbnti  lApiDEA.  Spec,  397. 

Sveth>       SltFW£KST£NAJL,  SiLFWERHALTIGE      STE- 

NAR 

Gall.     Mine  d\\rgent  pierreuse 

Germs     Silbeesteine^     Silberhaltige  steine 

Sub  hac  fpecic  coroprehenditiras  Irpides  calcareos  vet 
foarzofos  aliosqvc  malogos ,  gins  minus  cariofos  vel  cavcr- 
nofos,    diverfi  coloris  ^    utplurimum  &  coloril)us  inixtis, 
alios  cum  acidis  efFcrvcfccntcs ,    alios  ad  chalybem  fcintil- 
lantes  &  marcafiticas  cryftallos  miiloVes    faepe  infperfas  ha- 
btntes^    aliqvando  &  crufta  fcrrugfnca  nigrcfcente  alicabi 
vcftitos.     Scd  non  nudos  cfle  lacrfdes,  ex  co   evidens  eft, 
qvod  catdnatione  fortiori^  colore  miitentur ,  dum  dlii  ftigrc- 
fcunt,  alii  violacci  reddontur\  alii  obfcure  fufci ,  pUrum- 
qvc  cum  maculis  albis  immixtts.     Qvarzofi  cum  nqva  forfi 
non  cflfcrvefcuAt,  eandem  vero  ,  fab  fortiori  rcoQart ,  Md* 
dnnt  confiftcntia  craffim  &  twrbrdam  ,    colore  albam,  fu- 
fcairt  vel  viridefcentcni ,  qvse  follttio  ih'  oleb  tartitrip.  d.  ad- 
dito  coagulatur  ^  nulla  vero  in  cadem  proecipitatio  a  muria 
Jalis  t;ow;2M7iii  producitur.     Sub  micri^copio  in  his  l^ic^'^ 
bixs  aliqvando  granula  minima  argtnti  nativi^    alba  vel  fla* 
va^  infperfa  apparent,   faspe  &:  nulla  ,   licet  ,  docimallice 
examinati  praa^eant  4,  5.  u^qvc  ^d  i8«  lotb*  arginti  pro 
c  ntenario* 

(a)  Miner  A  argenti  J-awdea,  calcanM. 

Colore  eft  cinereo  particulis  .fubtiliflimis^.  C'ecatufia 
VON  JusTi  in  Chenu  Scbr.  iTfjf.  ^rgmtwn  diWi  wi- 
neralifatum.     Anwberg  in  Auflria. 

(b)  M^nera  argknti  lApidka  ,'  fpntbcffa. 

Eft   mincra  //>.i;/?o/^   alba",  '  rtiaciilofa  vel   ilavcfccns. 
'      Scbeuinitz  in  Ilungaria. 

(c)  MiNERA  ARGKNTI  LAPiDEA ,  qvarziffa  ^^ alfxi* 
I^Isc  qvaU  faiiiiaccii   apparct ,    per  fe  fufa  Celurem  & 


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Ucicm  fcoria  ferri  fufcipit  cum  immixtis  particulis  al- 

bis*     Potofi.     Mexico. 
Obf.  Hi  Upides  forCiQ  ildcm  funt,^  qvos  Hifpani  Cachi  ap- 
pellant, cjvos  aldbafiro  fimiles,  &  piutinmm  plumbi  coiiti- 
nere  aflerit  Ai.  Al.  Barb/i  ia  i^^r/i.  />.  40. 

(d)  MiNKRA  ARGENTi  Lapidea,  qvarzoja ,  grifea^ 
Hasc  fspius  cryilallos  marcajiticas  infperfas  habet,  fi- . 
mul ,  &  fftactUas  albas  qvafi  farinaceas.      Argentitm  a 
4.  ad  r  4*  loth,  pro  centcnario  contincu  Wcjlindia.  Hi- 
fpania^    Mexico.  < 

(c)  M iNERA  ARGEKTi  LA>it)BA,  qvorzofa^  fufcfi. 
Haec  intcrdum  cariofa  vcl  ut  cxcfa  apparet,  interdum 
qvafi  in  ftntts  recumbens^     Argemum  ad   is;  lodi» 
pro  cent,  continet.    i^otoji. 

Obf,  Hunc  Iapi4em  euodem  effe  exiftimamus ,  qvem  Hijpam 
vocant  Chump  I ,  qvcm  A.  A.  Barba  Lc.  referteHt$ia» 
dole  fmsridis  >  &  tam  minera  argents  nigra  q  vara  rubra  paicici- 
pare     CaUinatut  hie  la{ns  f.t  obicure  ruber. 

(£)  MiNERA  ARGKNTi  LAP1DEA,  qvarzofa^  ruhens. 
Haec  niliil  aliud  eft  qvam  qvarzum,  ochraceor\xbt o^n- 
tcrdum  &  flav:o  colore  tinSum  ,  in  qvo  argenti  mHu^ 
gr&nula  parcc  hofpitant,    , 
^g)  MiHBRA  ARGEHTi  XAPiDEA  9  qvoTZofa^  diverfico- 
IVt.    \  y    V  ,.  .  '         ;^,, 

Mixto  eft  colore  ,  purpuric  ^  albo  &  nlgro^.  cariol^ ; 
/  rgcntuni  ad  9.  loth,  pro  centenario  pr»b^.  JFefiin* 
dia  bijpanica^  1         ,  f 

I4»  ARGENTUM  nativum  vel  tnineralifatum  ^  lapidi  amia- 
rio^  JinenUoie  metaUicOy  immixtum.  Miners  argen- 
ti arrnaria*  Spcc-*j9?, 

Sveth.   SiLFWBR  SANDER Z 

Oall.  Mine  d*aRG£nt  sabLoneusr 
Germ.  Silbersanoerz 

Sunt   Iapi(leg   glareoli  vet  acenaCei ,  diverfo  colore^ 
pleruinqve   cavernofi,    in    cavkatibus    vel  iiUuris  inJ^er- 

Y4  fas 


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J44  ^C  o  ;-«! 

ffts  habentes  lamettas  fla^efcentes  aut  rubro  fofcas  oetira. 
ceas ;  calcinati  raihimas  aliqva^do  particulas  mineraUs  niten* 
tet^  cinn  qvarzofis  particulis  mixcas  fub  microfcopto  ex* 
bibent ;  cum  aqva  forti  non  cffcrvefcont ,  candcm  vcro, 
fub  coQura ,  craflTam  reddunt  &  turbidam  »  lixivio  alkalino 
coagulabilem.  Argmium  ad  f  ^  6.  &  ultra  lothones  pro 
eentenario  continent 

(a)   MiNERA   ARGENTI  AREHARIA  ^   fufca^ 

Calcinata  fit  obfcura,  cum  immixtis  particulis  albis 
qvarzofis  &  parciruUs  miofiralibus.  U^efiindia  bifpani- 
ca. 

(b^  MmSRA   ARQENTT   ARBKARf  A  ^  jlova. 

Eft  maculofa ,  infperHis  de  cstero  habens  lamtllas  ru- 
bro fufcas  ;  calcinrfta  redditur  alba  ,  cum  macutis 
colore  chalybeo.  ^  Potoji^ 

Ohjl  I.  Haec,  ni  fallorv  eadem.  eft  ralaera,  qvam  Hifpam 
Ouljos  apellant,  qvam  auto,  aneruo  alilsqve  metallis 
participare ,  reliqvisqve  lapidibus  ditiotem  eflfe  aflerit  A.  A. 

Obp  a.  Lubcnter  fatcor,  hot  lapide??  &  d'jfrripfw  roinera.<  ti- 
trasqve  vix  aliter  confiJerari  poffe,  qvim  w/j/rw/,  fn  qvi- 
baf,  granula,  vel  argenti  nativf,  vel  deminerls  argent?  de- 
fbriptis,  q  vocuaq  ve  inodo  &  cafu  feparata  fuum  obtinuerant 
borplcium  &  in  iisdem  Tuot  fixata,adeoqve.rigorQfeIoq\ren- 
do«hoS  lapides  inter  mioeras  argenti  vix  locum  habere  por- 
fe.    Sed^^fi  ex  advBrfocoofideremus,  mondoolis  &  mioera* 
logis  magis  proficuum  HXe  qvam  noxium,  hujusmodi  cog- 
Dofcere  lapidca ,  la  q vibu>  p^rticube  argent!  five  nativi  five 
-     mioenlifati  infenfibilit«rt\ofpitaot ;  Idem  &  circa  rellq vonim 
metatlorum  tnlneras  dodum  tarn  a  momicolis  qvam  mtne- 
ralogia  efie  obfervatum,  ut  evidena  eft  a  nonnMls  miner  if 
ftffi;  M  miner M  cupri  fcbiftofa  ^  argillacefi^    a  nnnerM  ftmh- 
.    ni  hpidia  Ifc.  praetereaqvo  noodum  p^^ne  effc  decifuro,  an-^ 
non  qvidpiam  his  lapidibus,  iiiefiV  •>offit,  five  arfemcaleSwn 
filinum  qvo  arge/itum  eft  mineraltfatom  ^  tutius  itaqve  & 
confukiusexiftimavimusab  his  lapidibus  pecuiiares  confti- 
tuere  fpecies,  q  v^im  eosdem  omninoexcludere^     Hoc  de  fe- 

2vcntibu?{  Tpeciebiia  etian  vatet.     Cfr*  ioftiper  ahierv.  nd 
'pec^  8^5«  iiiter  mtneras  cupru 

15.  AR- 


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|b^  C  o  )  ^  54f 

15.  ARCENTUM  nativum  vel  mineraHfaJhm  tapidi  leviffimo^ 
fiexilifoHaceo  immixtum^  colore  obfcure  rubro.     Mi- 

NBRA    AR<>ENTI    FOL:ACEA»  SpeC    399. 

Sveth.  Blattere&z 

Gall    Mine  d'arg£ht  FEviXLBTic 

Germ,   Hl/etterkrz       Bergzunder 

Elt  hgec  minera  rarior,  aliis  uiineris  argenti  vel-.g;ale« 
nae  plumb'^  fupcrficialiccr ,  aut  in  cavernis  vcl  fiflfaris  Icvi- 
ter  adhagrens ,  colore  obfcure  rubro  ferruginco,  tcxtura 
,  foliacea  .  foliis  flexilibus  ^  leviiliuiis ,  aqvae  innatantibuf 
Compofita;  cuin  addis  effervefccns,  &  ab  iisdeiu',  inprmis 
aqvajorii^  ad  maximam  partem  folubilisj  argeiUum  xdtr^ 
15.  loth,  pro  cent,  continet.      ClaustbaL  • 

Obf.  Primus  hmc  miiieram  accurate  defcripfitj.  G.  Lehman 
in  1%  Ch.  Schvtjften  p,  1H6.  &e.  ubi  refijrt  hanci  tninerain 
conftare  ar^ilia  ,  b.m^tite  mieaceo ,  fuiphute  ,  fpath6  caUareo^ 
fluore  minerali ,  gakm  plumbi  ^t(\ve  ar^tnto  ^  qvx)d  cxiftimat 
in  terra  a'-gdlacea  elfe  qvafi  mineraiifatuin  ,  qvum  unta 
copia  a  ^nleria  pi  imbi  prapll-ate  non  obtineri  poflit.  HiuC 
cancludit,  hanc  minera m  confiderari  polie*  ut  argiutum  in 
ftibere  montano  mineralifatum.  ' 

I6«  ARG£NTUM  fmivmn  vd  mimruiifatum .  lapidHus  di-^ 

verji  coloris  inlxtis   inhtrens  y  cu.ord  jiLvcms  anferini. 

MiNERA    ARGENTl    LAPIDEA  ,    STERCORfS    ANSRRl-  ' 

Ni.  Spec.  400. 

Sveth.    GjENSEKceTIGT  SitEWERMALM 

Gall.  Mine  o*argeht  merde  o'ove 
Germ.  GAM^EKceTicuTES  silberbrz 

Eft  minera  rariflima  ,  lapidea,  qvs  nonnnllibi  coMre 
jiavefcente  vel  rubente  ferrugineo  ^  alibi  viridefcente  exi- 
ftxt;  ^oloreoi  viridef  entem  habens  a  fpathi  particDiis  ojus* 
dem  coloris  pellucidis  ^  qvc  cum  granulis  fpaibi  dlbi  funt 
roixtse^  qvas  inter  argcntum  nativum  capillare  &  granolare 
hofpitat  magna  copia  $  annon  &  qvidpiam  mineralifatum 
(ic  admixtum?  nondum  fufficienter  eft  exploratum.iLuyigi^erg 
in  Norwegia.  fTendifchkutben  ad  Scbemnitz.  GenerofiJJ.  Ba*  . 
ro^  Gubem,(fComm,  Ord.  de  StiUa  Poiariy  D.  Tilas. 

Y5  17- AR- 


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S4«  ft^  c  o  ;  Kf 

I  J.  AKOEbtTUMnaUvum  vel  mineraUfaUinii  terris  imtnix* 
turn  J  ntinera  terrefiri  molliorU     MiN£RA^  argbhti 

MOLLIOR  v^peC^Of^ 

Sveth     SlLFWERMtJLM.       SlLEWEHHALTlO  JORD 

Gall.  Mine  d'aRgekx  Molle 
Germ.  SiLberi^ulm 

Eft  terra  margacea ,  arglllacea  vel  alia  qvxcimqve  fer- 
fug^nca,  qvae  argcntum  nativurn  aut  qvpcunqve  modo  mine- 
ralilatdm  continet* 

(a)  MiNERA   ARGENTi  MoLLioR ,  diverficoloT.     G^lf- 

SEKoeTlCHTES    Erz. 

Eft  ocbracea  terra  ^  vel,  utplurimum  margacea  ferrugi- 
nea,  diverficolor ,  feu  maculis  rubris  ,  flavefcentibus 
&  viridibus  ornata,  dcnfa,  qvas  plurimuinrtrgenf?  na- 

-.  fi£;i  capillar  is  continet,  defuper  vero  nonnullas  mar- 
cas  argent!  ex  ccntenarlo.     Ehrenjriderkhsdorf.     A/a- 

^    riemberg.     Scbemnitz  in  Hungarian 

Obf.  Haec  eft  ,  qvae  ab  aUis  tninera  argenti  fiercoris  dnferid  vo- 
catur,  undepatet,  duplices  cHe  raiueras  qvae  hoc  oomen 
a  ttonticolis  obtinuerunt;  alianm  ,  norws^tcam.  Up  deam» 
qvam  praecedenti  fpecie  defcripfimus,  aliam  ,  ^ermanicam»' 
terreftrem,  qvalis  baec  eft.  Eandem  ,  noa  folum  argetunm 
nativurn  continerc ,  fed  &  aLqvo  modo  mtneralijatum  ^  ex- 
pertus  eft  Henckel  ,  q  vi ,  feparato  omni  argentoaativo.  a 
refidua  terra  nonnullas  marcas  pro  centeuarioobtiDuit.  ctr, 
Henckel  Mineral  p.  51.  Gellert.  Metallurg.  p.  39.  J. 
G.  Lehman  Eirdeit,  in  Berg-j/.  p.  gi.  &c« 

(h)    MlNERA  ARGENTI  MOLLlOR  ,  flavefcmS.    GlLBE.   * 

Eft  ochra  vol  terra  ferruginca  flavelcens  aut  lulca,  qvse 
,  argentura  continct,  iiitcrdum  ad  nonnullas  marcas,  in- 
.V,  terdum  ad   nonnullos  lothones  pro  centcnano,     i^^i- 
f^^^^i     Ty^oL     Scbemnitz  in  Hungarian 

^C)    MlNERA  ARGENTI   MOLLlOR  >  lutofay    ohfcwd  ^  pin- 

Dintur   hoc   lutum  ,    attaGu    pingvc  ,    inftar    butyri 

-I.  efTc ;  origincm    forfan  habcns  a  mnera  argenti  nigra 

vel  alia  qvacunqve,  ab  aqvis  afiSueatibus  ^  vel  alias^ 

ob 


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««  (  o  )  «J  84T 

ob  cauflTas  io«  tenemtmim  poUinem  converfis ,  qvi  pol* 

kn  acmde  cum  argillacea  terra  coniiuhctus  fuit;  vel^ 

ab  ^qva  argenti  naiivi  parti.Uiis  gravida,  qvalem  in 

>  :i   fodinisdari,  plurimi  aiTcrunt.     De  hocluto  cfr   Ma- 

,     i:HiM\j%  in  Sarepta,  Albi::sus  in  Cheon.Mfn^   liRAuN 

L-      Atnizmt,  luhten,  p.  5/.  .  .    - 

Ohf,  Vocarj  f  let  h«c  terra  lutum  argenti ,    feu  .    Mrgintum  »<>«- 
•\m  ^^^  ^'^  perfenionem  reduHum^  ab  Tis  qvi  in  hoC  luto  priroam 

Cd)  MineRa  argenti  MOLLiOR,  maYgaccd^  alha^  fo^ 
,    .  Uda. 

Ciiin  Vzi/t;/?  forti  efFervcfcit.     Saxonia^ 

(c^  MiNERA    AKGENTi    MoLLiOR  ;    margacta  ^   alba^ 

.  Efllevlfllma,  jiofotS ,  Triabilis.     Frcilrrg. 
Cf)  MiNEHA  ARGENT r  MOLLIOR,  argUlacet. 
Eil  argPla  montana  Ccerulca  velcincrea,  qv'ac  argentum 

nativum  aut  folid'um  vcl  dentatiim,  aut  in  granulis  vel 

capillare,  vel  &c  fupcrficialc  continet. 

Cf/.'  I.  lu  hcjusmodi  x^em  argillacea  y  veoas  mariiaUi  feCMte^ 
wpertiim  eft  plurimuaa  argenti  mtiiu  in  fjdinis  Narmarkii 
in  PVamdandia  Anao  1725,  de  qvibus  todiois  cfr,  Swe- 
den hokg  de  f^fYo\  p.  67.  tiec  DOQ  ASl,  Kr,  VpfaU  fimHi- 
tC'i  repertum  eft  argemum  nativum  Jhperficulc  acgiliae  csruleae 
adhaereiis,  in  Ofmtindsberget  in  Dahcarlia,  cfr.  ASla  Stockb, 
Vol.  I,  p.  203. 

Olf.  B.  An  baBC.atgUla  caerulea  NormarkUn/f  ^  lis  in  locis  ybi 
mVio/i  mi  nera  deltrudta  participat»,&  cxinde  viridefcens  re- 
peri^ur,  miners  argenti  fter  cor  is  ao/^r/»f  aomeo  mereacur ,  in 
medio  relinqvo;  opiaor  autetn,  boc  aomen  noo  aliis  q^yavcx 
Vlrldefcentlbu^  &  titnui  flavefceotibus  mineris  ocbraceis  Im- 
pofKum  elTe  a  tnooticolis.  Sed  verba  valeot  ufu  uc  aum- 
mi. 

Cg)  Mi>JETiA  ARGENTI  MoLLiOR ,  omginofa. 

Eft  ochra  cupri  viridis  vcl  cxrulea^  qvaa  argcnto  parti* 
cipat.     Saifeld.     Saxoth     Ndjjauujjmgm. 

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348  ^Co)^<l 

I  g.  ARGENTUM  diverjrmde  minerOifiium^  fchi/lo  inbmreni 
jigwraiwrn.     Minbr/w^  argenti  pigurata. 

Svcth*    5lH^RAKDB   PIGUEATER. 

Oall.  Mine  d* Argent   PiOUR^e.     v.  De  Bomare^ 
Germ.    Silberhe  nature ildvmoev*    Figvrirtss 

glLBERERZ 

Ha3C  mincra  cadem  eft,  qvam  dcfcripfimus  inter  mU 
neras  cupri  (Spec,  ^63.3  qvam  ideoqve  heic  nominaflre  fuf- 
ficit  ,  folum  indicando  ,  qvod  iibi  majori  argenti  copia  hae 
egedem  mineras  gaudent,  turn  argentum  ab  iisdcni  cliqvari 
folet. 

Ohfervationes  circa  argentum  &  wineras  argentu 

Ohf.  r,  Praeterea  reperiri  folet  argentum  feqveatibusinmmerlj. 

imo.  In  miner  (I  cinmharina  ad  Kazhyln  in  Tyrol. 

sdo.  In  minerif  cohalti  diveffis,  areentnra  faepiuS  occiirrit, 
ant  nativum  Immixtum,  ^\xt  mineralijhtum  ^  qvod  fubtiliflj- 
mis  particulisinfenfibiliter  ell  inrperfnm,  &  nonniTidocima- 
ftice  explorata  minera  coguofci  poteft.  Hinc,  a  nonnullis. 
Inter  mineras  argenti  connumerat^  funt  miners  cobalti  ilr- 
genro  particij)antes,  qvae  vocatae  Kobaldifihe  SUbererze  ;  ad- 
huc  &  incertum,  annon  argentum  cum  minera  eobaiti  mU 
*  neralifari  pofTit.  Reperiuntnr  hujusmodi  minerae  cobaltinae 
argenfo  particlpanrps,  ad  Scbneebevf^  Annaberr,  Joachimstbal^ 
Saalfdd,  Alfitta.  ^c. 

3tio.  In  minera  vjtfmuthi.    Freiberg, 

4to.  In  galena  plumbic  defcripta  inter  mineras  plumbi  (Spec. 
367.)  faepius  baec  pru  minera  argenti  habetur.  Dicuntnon- 
nulU  ,  qvod  qvo  majortbus  tefjulis  micat ,  eo  mintts  argenti 
hanc  mineram  continere  ^  fed  cxperientia  eft  eviftum,  faltem 
non  ubivis,   banc  regulam  locum  habere, 

5to.  Galena  plumbi  antimoniaiis  ^  defcripta  inter  mineras  plum- 
bi (^S/)tff.  36g,  J  galena  msneralijata  ,  defcripta  (Spec,  376. J 

Objl  2.  Pro  diverfuate  minerarum  diverfiicode  argentunr.  ab 
iisdem  obtioeri  vel   excoqvi    folet, 

J  mo.  Amalgamattoue  cum  mercuria  ,  argentum  nativum  fepa- 
n  folet,  kioc  vero  ut  debite  fiat ,  necelle  eft ,  miners?, 
faxofa  &  petrofa  materia,  qvauium  poliibile,  feparatae  prw 

AlUOi 


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f><  C  o  )  «|  349 

ftapliores  ollohtione  reddaotur,  deinde  contondantur 
&  laventur,  acdenuo,  ft  opus  fucrit,  uftulentur,his  faftis, 
poitmoduin  ia  mo/ix  amlgamatoriis  cum  mrcurio ,  addiu 
•jviicontcrantur,  &,  ab  amalgamate  taodem  feparetur  mer- 
curius  axprcffioac  &  dcftHlatioae. 
»do.  Ftt/(Wtf  *  &  qvidcm ,  primo  incarporaiaria  cum  plumbo. 
m  obcineatur  mixtura  argcnu  cum  ptmko,  deinde  fiparatoria. 
qva  plumbum  ab  argento  feparatur,  qva?  operatic,  ut  ia 
cui>f lit f  pQtAcltur,  biiic  cufcUatio  ettvocsitB.  Ut  vero  ha 
ftiUODes debtee  fiant needle,  qvoqve  eft,  minerae  prius  u- 
lluleatuc  ,  contUQdantur  &  laventur,  ac  delude  ^  pro  dU 
verfa  indole,  denuo uttulcntur ,  prlusqvam  prim«  tufioni, 
qv«cumadditop/«m^pcrficlenda,  fubjici  poffint.  Mine- 
j9  pyrtticqla  pauperioret  reqvirunt  ut  primuro  in  Upidcm 
jMlplmre9  metMcum  fundantur;  qvi  lapis  metMeut  concen- 
ttindus  .  11  opus  fueric,  deinde  probe  uftulandus,  priusquam 
flifiimcm  tneorparMtarhm  cumplnmh  fubire  poffit., 

gtio.  Minera  cupri  qv»  fimul  afgentum  continent,  eodem 
■nodorraftantur,  ut  cum  mineris  cupri  eft  ufuatum  pro  ob- 
tineado  iupfo  rudi*  Hoc  cuprum  deinde  cum  plumbo  mU 
RetOTv  ut  fub  futtone  fe  cum  arj^emo  conjungat.  Ab  hac 
'•f^N  argMi  fir  plumbs  mixtura  eliq  vatur  plumhum,  qvod  fe- 
*^"*  •  cupro  feparat  &  aufert  Mrgentum.  A  plumbo  fep^ra- 
m  deintde  arg^eotum  per  cupellationem.  De  bis  opcrationi- 
Dus.  cfr.  Elementa  Metallurgy. 

^g^f^wptimx  cupellationis  adhuc  fanpurum,  rocatur  jr- 
^am/uigurani,  pltmrnavt  unum  lotbonim  metaill  ignobiljo- 
III  io  rnrca  argmti  continet ;  banc  ob  cauffam.  cupelktimi 
teoovaUB  fubficliur,  in  qva,  maffa  argent!  tulgurantis  cum 
pbimbo  deouo  Cupellatur,  unde  argentum  purificatum  ohtine- 
tur,  qvod  ij.  lothones  &  i(5,  graua  argenti  puri  in  marca 
continet,  &  nonnifi  »•  grana  peregrin!  metaUi.  Ob&r- 
Wi  «teoim  in  ponderatlonibus  argenti  debet,  qvod,  dum  rc- 
IjWtiitlubctiir  ad  ejusdem  puritatem;  connumerentur  non- 
mu  1^.  locboMa  ia  roarca,  &  in  quovis  lotboue  ig.  grana. 
Ol/T  Z.  Argenti  maximi  ufus  eft  in  cmmmiii,  utpote  a  qvo 
numirmata  &  nooete  ubi vis  cudi  folent.  Sunt  v6ro  eadem 
oon  ubi VIS  eadem  bonitate.  ob  admixtam  maiorem  vel  mi- 
norem  portionem  cupri.    Ab  argenti  puri  felibra  feu  marca 

'  cudmtur  tmpmales6veeani  ij\  cum  addira  eupri Jimuueia  uni 
^}\li^^\*  ^^^^  PUfum  argenturo  in  iisdem  nummis  non> 
nm  aa  14.  idtiioaei  &  2.  graaa  ia  marca  connumcrari  po- 

Au- 

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f  f  ^  {H  C  O  ;  Kf^^ 

aurifitbrif  heic  in  Sveda  injuaftum  eft ,  omnia  qvm  >«b  tfr*^ 

^en^o  prxparantur  utcnfilia  tf  vafa ,  caQfi,ciaatur  ab  Mtgenti 
23  I  lothone cum  f  /oXib.  rcmcdio,  Ugati  cum  a|  /c^ios^  cttpri 
in  niiirca.  . 

pom  arfiinti  pars  dimidia  &  infra  Itgatur  cum  cupri  parte  dim!- 
dia  vel  oiagis,  vocatur  turn  lisc  niixtura  Pai  j  vel  Pmja- 
MEKT ;  qv£  eft  iofimae  f^rtis  &  vix  nomen  ab  argento  me^ 

retur* 

^  •         -  > 

Objl  4.  \5t  atgcntum  perf^dte  purificatum  cupellatioaibos  ob- 
cineri  nou  poteft ,  cliemicl  duplices  ioprimis  excogitarun( 
vias  qvibus  plene  &  perfeilie  purificari  poCeft«  Scilicet  (a) 
id  ipfum,  poft  cupellatioaea,  cum  nhto  &  horrace  cctiesia 
crucibiiUs  puris  Aiadeado,  donee  IkUa  fu(a  reperiaotur  co- 
lore fmmutata.  Sod  hac  via  ^urum  (limmixtum  fueritnon 
feparatur.  C\yJ  Id  ipfum  Aqm  forti  folyendo,  folutum  cum 
tnuria  Jalii  communis  praecipitarido  «  ac  deinde  calcem  argtuti 
edulcoTatam ,  cum  cluplo  aikali  mineratis  puri  fundendo.  Sub 
hac  (blutione  etiam  autum  feparatur. 

Aurifahfi  fuperficialiter  purificaut  fiium  argentum ,  id  ipTum 
igniendo ,  deinde  retrigeratum  in  lixivio  »  a  fale  commtmi 
tartaro  &  (ujva  prsparaco,  fortiter  decoqv^ndo,  per*  qva- 
drantem  borx  vel  ultra ,  ut  parricule  cupna  fuperficiales 
folvantur  &  fepareoturw  Vocatur  b«c  coftioab  iisdem  cct* 
Burn  ad  albedincm»  _ 

Obf.  5,  Probatur  nYgentum^  ad  ftiam  bonltatem ,  vel  laplde  ly- 
dio ,  cui  dum  alfricatur ,  roixtura  ejusdem  cum  cupro  patec  , 
a  colore  plus  miuus  rubente  prout  magis  vel  minus  cupri  im- 
mixtum  fuerit ;  Sidferrum  pmitum  &  bene  ignicum  anrican- 
do ,  unde  colorem  fufcipit,  ab  immixto  cupro,  rubent^im  vel 
nigrum ;  v<!l  id  ipAim  cum  nitro  &*  borrace  fundendo »  ut  ^- 
tear «  an  &  in  qvantum ,  haec  filia  tidgantur,  . 

Obf.  6,  Qvaiis  fit  argtmi  compofitio «  non  adeo  facile  dfc!  po- 
teft.  Q^od  maximam  tiabeat  convenientiam  cum  plumbo  & 
mcrcurio  exiftimaveriffl  probabiliter  concludi  pofle ;  partim 
a  colore  fere  eodem  in  Ilia  metaUia  ,  partim  a  gravitate  Jpcci- 
jica  non  multum  tiaec  inter  metaila  diCcrepante ,  ^rtm  ab 
c?qvali  fere  inddc^  in  &  cum  addis  mincfalibuSy  &  fortiori 
attraEliont  ad  acidumfilii ,  a  q  vo  nentrum  ab  bis ,  ,per  fe,  ne 
qvidem  in  igne,  liSerari  potell;  partim  tb  imperteda  rtfirr- 
mtione  in  iguc  &  acidls,  qvam  haec  metaila  xqvaliter  Tub.- 
unc ;  partim  ab  approximatiooe  &  aSinitate  horum  metallo- 
rum  ad  iaviceni;  partim  deniqve  a  vitrtficatione  ^  in  qva  vi- 

trt 


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^  ( o  ;  Kt  351 

in  t*ngMtJUvo  colore*  61  huic  con venleoHs  addimus ,  or* 
gentum  &  plumbum  fopius  in  una  laioera  conjunc^im  reperir 
li ;  'qyod  plumbum  cornuum  &  btm  comuM  maxifnam  iocer  fe 
habeaht  convenientiim,  atqve  ab  utrisqve ,  certo  artificio 
chemico,  mercurtum  obtinere  poilej  qvod  a  plumbo  &iwcr- 
curio  tixato,  argentum  reipfa  arte  produci  poflic;  opiaor  hac 
indicata  convenientia  &  his  circumftantus  ,  probabiiiter 
Concludi  poife ,  bac  meUilla  eadem  agnojcere  frincipia  conjlitiui- 
va,  &difrereatiain  eadem  inter  qvaereadatu  in  proportions  if 
nexa  e^runicm  part  turn  difcrepaate. 


$.  143- 


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$.  14a 

6.  AURUM,  Sol.    Gen.58. 

Ktx  metaUorum.    Alchemist. 

Svech.  GuLD 
GaU.  Or 
Germ.  Gold 

I.  Eft  meullum  pcrfcftum  ,  colore  fltvo  nitcntc,  maxima 
omnium  metallorum  gaudcns  melUabilitatt  Si  duEtili^ 
tote.  Purum  ctcnim  aurum  pondcrc  unius  grani  ad 
500.  ulnarum  lorigitudincm  extendi  poteft,  &  pon- 
dcrc 2.  lothonum  obaurari  area  tcrrfle  10  tennarura^  ^ 
hoc  eft  ^  140,000.  ulnarum  qvadraticarum.  Mone- 
ta  aurca,  qvae  Ducati  nomen  habct,  obaurari  potcft 
miles  eqveftris  una  cum  eqvo  &  integro  veftitu  & 
apparatu  bcllico.  Aqcuratc  inftituto  calculo  obfer- 
vatum  eft,  auri  fruftulum  in  6si59^-  "»*)"«  flP*- 
tium,  fine  fiffura,  extendi  poffe.  Ita  licet  duftilc 
aurum ,  fatis  exigua  gaudet  elajlicime  &  duritie ,  ma- 
jori  tamen  qvam  plumbum  &  ftamum  minori  qvam 
argentum,^  cuprum  &ferrwn^  qvibus  mollius  exiftit^ 
vnde  &  fom  caret.  Superat  omnia  mctalla  Undcita* 
U  &  cobafmie  partitm^  utpote  cujus  filum  diamctri 
-^  poll.  Rhcn,  500.  libras  fine  ruptura  fuitincrc 
poteft. 

a.  In  dire  (f  ajoa  iinmutabilc  &  indeftruftibile  pcrma- 
net.  Qvod  aliqvando  in  afire  magis  obfcurum  red- 
datur,  hoc  depcndet  a  materia  pcregrina  fc  fuperfi- 
cialiter  affigente,  qv«  ideoqvc  lotura,  inprimis  cum 
Jpiritu  vim  feparari  poteft. 

3.  CravUate  fpecifica  gaudet  fatis  magna  in  proportionc  ad 
aqvam  ut  19,640::  I^ooo  dum  purum  eft,  ubi  vc- 
ro  mixtum  fuerit ,  minuitur  gravitas  Q)ecifica  m 
proportionc  admixti  metalli.  Hinc  non  miruhi  qvod 
in  mercurio  fundum  petat. 

4*i>i 

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tx  (  o  )  «^  351 

4.  In  igne  eodcm  fere  ignis  gradu,  qvo  cuprum  funditur, 
&  fufum^  fupcrficie  caruleo  viridefcente  pulclierfirac 
nitet.  De  castero  in  igne  tara  apcrto'  qvara  claufo 
fixum  &  immutabile  ac  indcftruftibilc  permanet, 
adeo  ut  per  blnos  mcnfes  in  igne  for ciffimo ,  ut  Boy» 
JLRO  &  xcNCKELio  expertum  eft  y  ne  granum  perdi- 
diderit. 

Speculo  Cauf^ico  id  ipfiim  Vel  dlffipari  vel  in  fiimum  re- 
folvi  obfcrvatum  eft^  Ad  aiiqvam  fui  partem  ^  fub 
hoc  ipfo^  calcinari  U  vitrificari  i^  nonnulli  conten- 
dunt^  alii  negant. 

;5^  In  ignt  fuforio  cum  vim  plumbi  non  vitrlficatnr ,  un* 
de  &  cupellationem  fuftinet  fine  jaftura.  Cum  fritta 
Vitriaria  vero  fi  in  pulverem ,  comminute  lamellae  te- 
nuiffimas  auri  commifceantur ,  vitrum  cnlore  rubinto 
tingere,  igne  fortiffimo  per  nonnuUas  horas  conti- 
nuato,  expertus  Turn. 

(f.  Ab  acido  vitrioli  live  dilato  five  conccntrato  non  fine 
arte  folvitur. 

7*  A  fpiritu  nitri  non  folvinif*  Ab  eodem  vero  maxi- 
me  concentrate  &  forti  folvitur  qvidem  auru'n ,  Ted 
tam  levi  cum  hoc  menftruo  connexionc  ^  ut  concuf- 
fione  &  motu  kb  eodem  fqparari  poflit. 

S*  Spiritas  frlis  aurum  non  aggrcditur  vel  folvlt  \  t\U 
fi  prius  cum  Jlanno  ,  vel  mfmutbo  aut  cobalio  mix- 
tum  una  cum  iisdem  calcinatum  fuerit  ^  vel^  a  folu- 
tione  in  aqva  regis  praecipitatum  ^  &  hoc  vel  illo  mo- 
do  apparentcr  calcinatum. 

9*  ^qva  regis  genuinum  &  unicura  eft  mcnftruutn  awi. 
Solutio  auri  cum  hoc  acido  eft  pulchrc,  flava  &  cla- 
fa  ^  cutem  colore  violaceo  indelebili  tingens  ^  poft  eva- 
|)orationem ,  cryftallifabilis  in  minimAS  ctyftallos  po- 
lyedricas  rubras.  Huic  folutioni  fi  admifceatur  a- 
Ufm  efentiale  qvoddam  juniperi ,  lavmdtda  vel  aliud^ 
aut^  qved  melius  eft  ,  ^tber  feu  naphtha  inlrioli  vel 
T0n.II.  2  fii^ 


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454  «M  (  o  ;  Kj^ 

nitri ,  tmn  'fepanitar  aurum  ab  hoc  menflruo  &  cum 
o/eo  feu  ^tJ^ere  combiiiatur  atqv^  ab  iisdcra  fo^utum 
^  tenetur.  Ab  hac  folutione  in  aqva  regis  dum  aurum 
prsecipicatur  cum  alkali  volatili^  ibfcipit  tumi  aurum 
illud  prsBcipitatum  vim  fortUer  ftdminarUem  ^  unde  &c 
vocatur  aukun  fulminans^ 

to.  Cum  fulpbtare  non  mifcibile  nee  ab  eodem  folubile.  A 
fulpbure  autcm  fixato  ,  utpotc  bepate  fulpburis ,  lapidi- 
bus  fulpbureo  tnetallicis  ^  pyrite  beije  &  pcrfcGe  folvi- 
tur. 

II.  Fufum  cum  arUimonio  crudo,  combinatur  cum  ejasdem 
parte  reguiina^  dum  reliqva  metalla,  auro  admixta^ 
cum  parte  fulphurca  combinantur ,  unde  dependet^ 
qvod  cum  antimonio  crudo  ab  omni  peregrino  admixto 
metallo  purificarl  poffit  ^  fiqvidem  cum  fumo  regulino 
aurum  non  volatile  exiftit. 

12*  Cum  omni  metallo  &l  femimetallo  mifcibile,  ita  tamcn, 
ut  du3ilitatem  ad  maximam  partem  retineat  a  minorir 
qvantitatc  argentic  cupri,  ferri  vel  2i«d  admixta,  ni- 
mis  fragile  vero  reddatur  zjlanno^  imo  xfumofianniy 
ab  arfenico^  cobalto^  niccolOy  wijmutbo  (^  regtUo  anti-- 
monii^  unde  &  in  dcbita  proporttone  cum  his  mix- 
tum  calcinari  &  vitrificari  poteft.  Ufitatiflima  eft  mix- 
tura  auri  cum  argento  vel  cupro ,  in  vita  communis 
unde  parum  durius  redditur* 

I3«  Cum  mercurio  facile  amalgamatur,   cum  vel  fine  calo* 
.  re ;  &  peculiari  ac  forti  ad  wer curium  gaudere  videtur 
attra£done ,  sqvali  fi  non  majori  qvam  raagnes  habet 
ad  ferrum. 

Olf.  Aurum  antigviHlmis  ac  prlmis  temporlbua  fuiffe  notumft 
ipaximo  in  pretlo  nos  docet  Mosei  Gen.  t.  diceas  id 
ipfum  ]Q  paradifo  luifle  repertum.  CVor^  aliqvancum  difcre- 
pare  dicitur ,  Europa^m  fcUicet  magis  flavo  eOe  colorey  A-^ 
mcricanum  magis  pallidum  ,  atqvc  Makccenji  tere  albiduiii 
atqve  apqvali  rufibilitate  cum  plumbo.  Albinus  in  Mife. 
Eobem.  L.  i.  Cap.  14.    tetert  In  Bobemu  repertum  fuiife 

AUr 


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twCo^Hj  355; 

antrum  atbum;  ted  nonduB  decifmn,  annoQ  tec  <fiverfita$ 
colorls  dependeat  a  diverfa  adnufcella  aliorum  aveulloma. 
Coiftr  ami  exaltatur  cupro  fed  dimiauicur  &  tic  migis  {oiii* 
dus  ab  ^rgmo  jdmixta 

Altgb ^oiemorabiU  &  tcve  iocredibile  eft,  <ivod  «  lyoniMillis 
dicitur,  fciU^^et,  darl  ad  /V^ierwald  in  Saxoni^  wlnenm  tpv- 
rugliieam,  qv£  duro  &*  ^rgcnto^  utn!«qv«»  auieoi  IncupelU 
voiftiUtbui  &  cupelUciouettt  aoQ  ruftin^atbn^ ,  partidpat* 
Qual#  lioc  <ft  aurum  &  arg^ouimf  & ,  qv«  bujus  ToUtUi* 
Uiiji  cauflii? 

§,     141. 

I>  AURUM  nativum.  -  •  %cc  40^ 

^  ^ufum  nativuin  radicatum^  .    ritr^  *  .•    -'    - 

^urwn  nudum,     v.  Linnc.  ifi,  r,  -       . 

j^unau  nativtinu     Croi^stedt,  j(J5» 
Svech.  Gbdieget  gulx) 
feall^  Or    v:ergk   ou  or  natif.     v.   Dc   Bomaue. 

310, 
Germ.  GediEgenes  golt> 

Eft  fcrc  purura  aurum  mallcabile,  plcrumqve  vero  ar^ 
gento  interdum  &  cupro  participant^  colore  plus  ininus  fla- 
vcfccntc  aut  pallide  flavo  ,  aliis  mincris  vcl  &c  lapidib4is 
au't  faxis  inhasrens;  in  ignc  colorem  rctineiis^  aqva  regis 
foliibile  &  cum  wi^cur/t/  amalgaiiiabilc ,  undc  facile  cogno* 
lei  potefc. 

(a}  Aurum  nativum,  ^c/^w. 
In  craffioribus  fruiiuiis  vcl  jiiafla  qvadaa^     Hutigma^ 
Peril.     Tranfyhania,  / 

Cb)  Aurum  nativum,  ^Ainulare. 
In  granis  S^  punftulis  iDinoribus  rcperit^t  lapldibus  ift» 
Ipcrfum.     ff^eflindia  hiji^mka. 

CO  Aurum  nativum,  geYmiftom^ 
(^d)  Aurum  kativum^  drujkum. 
Forma  fere  crylhllina  apparet ,   pUR^ulia  feu  cff fttllU 
minimis  nitens.     Hnpgaria, 

Z  »  CO  Aa- 


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3^5  f>4(o)Kj 

Qc)  AtJRUM  WiiTivaM ,  fuperficiale. 
In  tenuioribus  lamellis  feu  inembranis#     Siberia^ 

(f)  AuRuM  NATivuM ,  cryftalUfotum. 

Conftat  cryitallis  trigonis  fuperficialiter  petrs  adfixis« 

t)lf.  Reperitor  hoc  auraiB  nativiim  pluriuds  IapiditK»  &  mf- 
neris  jnhsrens,  utpote  lapldibus  c§leams^  fpatbofis^  arena- 
ceis ,  fchijlofis ,  cryJiaUis ,  CQrneo  fij/ili}  praeiclpue  vero  <k  in- 
primis  gvarzo  albo  vel  ferrugimo  molUori «  feu  qyali  fiuina- 
ceo  aut  exefo. 

2.  AURUM  fulphure ,  /erro  fi^  cttm  veZ  Jine  cupro  minera- 
lifatnm  ,  miner  a  pyriticofa  fiava  vel  viridefcens.  Pyri- 
tes AUREUS.  Spec.  403. 

jtururri  fnineralifatum  pyrite.    v.  Lmwi.  151.  2. 

jiuTum  fulpbure  mineralifatum  ^  mediarae  ferro.  Crojt- 
STEDT^  166.    !♦  a. 

v^vetln  CiuLDKiEs 
Gall,  PVRitE  d'or 
Germ.  Goldkies.     Gelf» 

/  HsBc  minera  auri  pyriticofa  ^  plerumqve  fimul  ctifpr^ 

participate  in  matricc  plerumqve  (jvarzofa^  unde  colore 
flavefcente  vcl  viridefcente  minerarum  cupri  inftar  exi(lit» 
Barius  pyrites  fulpbureus  nudus  aurum  continet.  Auri  vero 
prfiBfcntia  in  eadem  vix  alitor  qvam  peranaJyfm  docimafticam 
cognofci  poteft;  Mdelfm  in  Smolandia.  Hungaria.  IAe- 
xico.    Sumatra. 

Ohf,  Dc  vems  aurifkrir  ad  JEdelfofs  in  Snolandia.tXr^AB.Holm. 
f^oL  I^L  p.  17.  i'fc.  nee  non  partjcularem  difputationeni, 
fub  mco  prsfidio  habitam,  de  anri/odina  Mdelfors  in  qvt 
tredecim  enumerantur  apcttura  ad  diverfas  veoaft  Anno 
1764, 

J.  AURUM  fulpbure  (^   viercurio   mimralifattm  ^  winera 
cumabarina  rubra.     Cinkabaris  aurifera^ 

5pec.  404* 


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b^CO-)«t  357 

Aurum  mineralifatum  pyrite  in  bydrargyro  cirmabaris.    v. 

Aurum  fidpbure  mineralifatum  mediante  mercurio.    CaoK- 

3T£DT.  l66«   I«  b. 
Svedl.   GYI^DXSK   CIKNOBER 
<jall.   CiNNABRE  TENANT  OR.      MxNB  O'OB  ROUGR 

<5^rm.   G01.DISCHER    ciNNOBBR. 

Haee  minera  eft  cinnabaris  utiva  ,  qvae  aurum  folu* 
turn  coRtinet.    Hungnria. 

4.  AURUM  fulphurey  zinco  fif  ferro  minetalifatum^   twi- 
nsra  pfiudogaknica.      PseudogaLena    aurifbra« 

Spec«  405. 

^(imm  minendifatum  pyrite  in  zinco  fterili.    v.  Likh& 

^iirim  fiilpbun  minttdifaium  mediante  zinco  out  ferro 

aut  argento.    Cronstbdt.  166.  u  c 
Sveth,  Gyldiskt  blende 
Gall.  Blende  tenant  or 
Germ*  Goldhaltigb  blende 

Eft  minera  zinci  pfeodogalcnica  rubens  vel  nigre- 
fccM ,  qv«  una  cum  zinco  fimul  argenium  &  aurum  conti- 
net. 

C»)  PsEiTDOGALENA   AURiFBRA ,  Tubenu    Scbworzcn- 
berg  in  Saxonia. 

(b3  PSBUDOGAX.BNA  AURIPERA^  rdgrefcent. 
Haec  eadem  eft ;  qvae  vocatur  minera  globofa ,   KugeU 
erz^  qvam  indicavimus  inter  miaerds  argentic  Spec» 
395.  lit.  b. 
Ob/.  I*  An  tfttram  Sgvod  occultafum  reperitur  in  mitieris  ar- 


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3?t  JJ^  C  a  }  MJT 

fyti^em  h  Hunf^ma  ^  fit  ab  lisdtin  inineritf  fotuemtt  &  Bif« 
tienliGitiHD ,  ve\ ,  «n  folummoclo  gt  oaclvufn  immixtum,  di- 
cstenoa  poITuTiiuS'  DubU  qvoqve  futnus  qvid  dtgranatis 
^wri/iff/ IJjntiiraiw,  fcleota  rero  aurwm  a  nonnallis,  per 

•  fufiOQcm,  obtincri  poSe  ,  aurum  qvoH  docimaftfce  nrineris 
Incfle  deprehendltur,  fed  qvod  ope  mereurii  ab  iisdetti  Cfm- 
tufis  &  lotis  fep»rari  noa  poteft  ,  nee  ac^va  regis  a  mioerls 
puiv^rif^tts  excrabl ,  necalfe  eft  fit  in  iiadem  foiutum  &  tni- 
ner^iCacum. 

0>/r«,  Plutuni,  fi  non  omnes  minerahp  contesdant  aomiii 
niaieraU(atum  non  dari ,  nee  idlprum  mineraliTari  pofle,  de* 
cepti  nt  Ginor»  ab  infufficieoei  Idea  de  mmcralifatiooibus  ea- 
lundenaqve  ladole^qvafi  metalla  m  mioerarrfatloDthuaaUqva 
BiO(to  deftnierentur ,'  qvalis  deftruftio  aura  competere  ooq 
f>Qt«ft.  Siq videm  vero  plnrimis  experimeotis  faodie  e vlftom, 
ttetallaooD  fonua  calcinata  aut  terredri  a  mineris  Tulpbureis 
&  arfenlcalibus  folvl ,  fed  forma  fDetaltica  piira  &  genuin*^ 
lit  fn  jEfcw.  Metallurg.  p.  17a-  demonftratum  eft,  qvod  & 
nuaeraium  artiflcialium  compofitioiiea  ft  metaUonini  Ibla- 
tiones  fbfficienter  confirmant ;  fiq  vldem  &  experien^U  ootum^ 
qvod  aunim  non  folum  hepate  fulpburii  folvi  pbiitt ,  fed 
iilaptiefulpbureometallno^  five ferri  ^  five  cupri^  five^tim^ 
h  ;  &  bos  lapldet  9)etallico6  iogredi ,  per  fe  ictqve  pateu 
larum »  sqvaliter  ut  rellqva  meralla  minerallfan  polle  & 
reipfa  roineralif^tum  in  mineris  nominatis  reperiri^  a  qvibdf 
noa  ftoe  fufioae  ia  igne  Ibpararl  pot^. 

^^  AlIRUM  nudum  vel  veftitum  j  dwerjb  colon  ^  terra  vH 
^        arenis  inbarens.     Aurvm  solutum.  Spec  406* 

jiunrtti  nativum  y  lotum^    Cronstedt.  i6$.  4* 

Svetb.  Warkguld 
;    Gall.   Or    vierge    RKPENoa    tK^s    differentes 

^  ESFECES     DE     TERRES    OO   DE  CABLES*      BOMA&C* 
JH. 

Germ.  Waschgold  ^.    ^ 

Eft  rorum  plus  njinas  pmnni ,  qvod  in  grannlis  vcl 
jraiito  majoribus  particnlis  ^  divcrfis  tcrris,  mpriniis  Vero 
aircfrif  flnriatici^  immixtimi  reperitur  ^  &  mtitu  cMigi  vcl 
/otBrti  feparari  poteft  ,  colore  titplurimum  tcrr«  vcl  arenas 
patticipaxu,  diverfk  bonitatis  &  puritatis  9  div^rfis  in  lo« 

(a)  Ac 


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^a)  AuRuM  soLUTuM,  terris  immixtum. 

In  lamellis  vel  granulis  terras  pingvi ,  ochraceae  ,  mar- 
gzccm  vci   argillaccas   imraixtura  repcritur.     Argillcs^ 

qvo;  uu.'i  j^ru..L..^  continent ,  vocarL  foletit  goLdiScub 

3LETTEN,  a  qvibus  in  U^eftindia  aurum  colligi  folet, 

ut  indicamus  in  Ohfe^vat^  ad  argillam  arenaceam. 

Obf.  Dicitur  io  Fal-Saint-Amarin  repcriri  argillam  indwratam^ 
nee  noo  margamalbam^  a  qvibus  contufis  &  lotis  fepara« 
tur  pulvis  mgrefcenff  qvi  eft  aurum, 

(b)  AuRUM  soLUTUM,  arctics  granulatitn  vd  in  lamtl" 

lis  immixtum, 
y  Minimis  granulis ,   interdum  &  in  pulvcrc  invifibili, 
**'•    arenis  fiuviaticis  colore  rubro ,    flavo  aut  fufco  cxi- 
fcentibus  eft  immixtum ,  qvod  vix  lotura  fed  amalga- 
matione  cum  mercurio  feparari  poteft.     Senegal. 

Obf,  Ruber  color  utplurlmum  a  ferrugiaea  materia  depeodet, 
vocari  tamen  folet  aungo. 

ic)  Aurum  solutum  ^  arenas  granulis  pellucidis  granatin 

cis  adharens.  '.  •"  •- 

Sunt  hsBc  grana  arenacea  pellucida,  colore  rubro  gra- 
natico  ,  qvas  in  igne  forti  fufa  colorem  flavum  fur 
fcipiunc,  qvibus  auri  minimse  particute  fuperficia- 
liter  folum  adht^rcnt,  Crapack  in  Hungaria.  Da- 
nuh  ^ 

(d)  Aurum  solutum,  arems  grants  nigris  immixtum. 
Eft  aurum  minimis  in  granulis  grifcis  vci  nigrefccnti- 

•     bus,  arenas  ejusdem  coloris  vel  arenas  ferri  ,   immix- 
tum.   l£x  lacu  Genuefjfi.    Bohemia. 

Obf.  Hue  refferti  pofluot  inadaeqvate  vocati  granatt  auriferi^ 
qvl  nil  nifi  gtaouia  de  minera  martii^  qvae  magnate  trabun- 
tur  &  in  (tratis  cerrse  vol  arena  reperiri  folent  nonnullibi 
difperfap  auco  paoperriina;  Bobemia.    Sdiizin  Saxma. 

(e)  AU9.UM  soLuTUM ,  granulis  colore  pUmtbeo  arena 
immixtum. 


:  Z  4  H«c 


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H»c  gnnula  anrl  funt  maxime  itnpura^   friabiUa,  4<}« 
lore  plumbeo. 

(f)  AuRUM  SOLUTUM,  OT^YKS  gtanidis  fpbiZTicU  immix^ 

tum^ 

*TSunt  figura  &  magnitudinq  fere  grandinist  Qvito. 

<g)  AuRuM  soLUTiTM,  arsfia  granulis  cowprejfn  inimix^ 
turn. 

Sunt  hsc  grana  fortnt  orbieulari ,  vel  femiQum  vegeta* 

bilium, 

(h)  AuRUM  soLUTUM^  iu  ffujlulis  polUis  immixtunu 

Vbf.  u  Vix  datur  arena  in  locis  roeridloDalibus ,  a  qva  ooa 
quldpiam  auri  vel  manu  coUigi  poteft ,  ut  in  jlfrica  &  A^ 
meriea  mcridHnali  ^  ex  arena  fluminum  nonnuUonim  lico* 
ralU  iislnprimis  lodSt  ubi  curvaturam  fackine,  ftarenam 
fluxu  promotam  deoonunt ;  Vtl  per  hturdmi  ab  arena  pro- 
fundiori  fepararl,  alioi  magis «  alibi  minua ,  alibi  oielloris  for- 
tis  ,  alibi  deterioria,  ut  Rsaumur  in  Aft.  PariJlt70S  tefnt 
de  auro  ex  fluroinibus  europsis  Ceti,  RboUe^  Rbeuo  Vc, 
re  auto  fiuviatili  cfr*  O.  A.  Struvii  Djffertatio.  //««- 
lars^.  Magazitt^  Vol,  3.  P.  V.  p,  471,  &  Vol.  S.  P.  V.  p 
45».      " 

Acutloribas  chemlcis  difbutiendam  rellnqvo  qvaefHonem,  An 
4k  omni  arena  qvarzoja  imrum  pro(kei  poffk  f  proot  fentie  Be- 
CHER  in  mimra  aremr.  perp^  Hxc  9am  qvaeftlo  hue  ooa 
pertioet« 

Obf.  9,  Oe  erigine  auri  in  arena  fluviatiU  non  omnium  ea* 
den  eft  fententia*  Sunt  qvi  contendont  ammm  in  arena 
non  folom  nafci  Ted  &  renafcl.  cfr*  Bechbr  Pbyf.  SuHer. 
Supplem.  f.  p.  30<y.  Scheuchzbr  Natur.  Gefcb.  iSciveft- 
zert.  P:U.  p.  ig,  dicentcs  (a)  qvod  Iioc  fluviatile  aurum, 
alia  extrinreca  fade  &  minos  purum  reperiator,qyam  qvod 
nativtmi  In  todinis  {\>J  rariflime  cum  lapide  ▼«!  Taxo  coa« 
cretum,  qvod  tamen  efle  deberet  *  fi  a  uiontibus  eflfet  detrl- 
tum»  (c)  ad  3  vel  4  pedum  profundi tatem  nonnullibi  In  a« 
rena  repenatur,  C^)  iia  qvoqve  in  lods «  qv«  qvam  maxi- 
me a  fiDdiois  aureia  (unt  di(Cta,  uc  in  Guinea,  (e)  Martian 
U  qvid  Temper  contineant  \atc  auri  fragmenta  dr  granule, 
&  tere  femper  a  magncte  trabantur.  Hiac  conduduuC,  au- 
rum fluviatild  non  ut  a  montibus  d^  tricum  coofidenri  po0e« 
Sed  tiitee  momentis  opponimuSi  nulla  matalla  vd  venas  me«* 

tal- 


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talUcai  to  'locis  fupraterrantis  g3Dertri  pcOe.  RanmewM 
itaqve  qvae  de  auro  /iW<t/f  func  alUta«  ab  aliis  cauflis  & 
circaiaftaotiit  accideotaUbu3  dependeant  necefle  eft,  A  cnt* 
^Jla  martiali  extriafeca ,  fine  dubio  depeodet ,  qvod  hxc  gra- 
Bula  auri  fii^C  martialia  &  inag^ncte  trahaotun  Q\rod  raro 
cum  i^pide  vel  Dixo  fint  coocreta ,  hoc  dependeC  a  laxioii 
nexu  aurt  cum  lapide  Vel  matrice ,  qvam  particularum  la- 
pidearum  cum  teUqvo  lapide.  Qvod  in  locis  a  fodials  au- 
reis  difOds  reperiantur ,  nemo  dlcere  pot^ft  1  olii  qvl  late* 
xiora  ten«  (cruutus  eft, 

Obfervationes  de  auro  &  mineris  aurt\ 

Oif.  t«  An  awrum  nathum  feu  non  mineralifatum  ro!nerla  feu 
lapidibu8  fit  immixtum  vel  adhaerens  ut  cogoofcatur ,  ex- 
plorari  hoc  poteft,  (a)  cum  mcrcttrio,  pulverera  lapWcum 
•malgamando;  vel,  qvod  taciliuseft,  truftulum lapidia auc 
miners  fumanti  la  igne  mercurio  adponere  ,  cujua  fiimo 
aurum  prsfens  tiogicur  colore  mercuriali.  (hj  Ir^i^ne,  ubi 
aurum  colore  potius  ex^lntur ,  qvam  colorem  perdit^  (c) 
iccuratiflime  vero  auri  prxfentia  indicatur,  fitapides  vel  mU 
ners  calcinatae  &  optime  delude  concufas,  decoqvaatar  cum 
4^4  regis  adfu(k«  &  folutioni  faftae  addatur  frajlubun  flaa^ 
m.  Hiac  etenim  fi  (bludo  rubrum  fufcipit  colorem,  & 
calx  auri  prscipitatur,  qvae  vocatur  fuxpura  kiksr/i- 
xis,  certiffimum  eft  indicium  auri  prsfencis. 

Obf.  a.  Aurum  n^ihum  feparatur  ab  arena  ,  lapldlbua  &  mi^ 
neris ,  dum  pdus  uftulatae ,  ut  fragiUores  fiant ,  delude  con- 
tondantur  &  beue  laventur  $  atqve  poftmodum  tarn  aceto 
qvam  aqva  debite  abluantur,  ut  amglgAmationem  cum  mer* 
turio  in  molif  malgamatmu  fube^nt,  A  mercurio  delude 
feparatur  aurum  pattim  expn^ne  per  corium  partim  dtftil" 
Idtione. 

JPtrMnnmzxaim  e  Ibis  mineria,  eidem  ratione  &  itadem 
fundameatis  excoqvitur  ut  argentum^  i'ciUcet,  id  ipfum  cuoa 
plumbo  incorporando,  delnde  vero  a  ptumbo  pec  cupellatio- 
oem  (eparando. 
JuTttm  eupri  mineris  immixtum ,  nt  plemmave  efle  folee,  ut 
obtineatur,iisdemopus  inprimiseftproceftifNis  &ambas^bu8» 

Jvae  fuQt  neceflaric  ad  cuprum  rude  obtlnendum ;  a  qVQ 
einde,  fufione  incorpamtoria  com  plumbo^  &  fubii^qvente 
fiiiione  feparatoria  plumbi  a  cupro  ^  per  eliqTationem  fade, 
fifflul  eliqvacum  &  feparatum  ac  piumbo  immixtum  babetur 
mtrum^  qvod  per  cupellationem  deiode  a  plumbo  feparaa«* 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


368  5X  C  0  )  Ml 

dum.    Vel^  in  hpidem  fulphureo  metallieumy  mlnerae  pyritieoJU 
^  vel  cuprea  iundi  polTuat ,  a  qvo  tufo ,  (k  fub  fufione  cum 
flumbo^  vel  minera  plumbea  commixto,  cum  fuperaddito  /er- 
ro  fujh  aut  iimato^  qvantum  fufficit ,  aumm  una  cum  pium- 
to  proecipitatur,  Piuaibum  portea  cupelUtione  ab  auro  fe- 
paraiur.    Sed  his  recenfuis  modis  nonaili  aurum  cum  at* 
gmto  interdum  &  cum  aliq  va  portlone  cupri  obtineri  poteft. 
Ohf  J.  PuYificatio  mivi  ab  ay^ento  &  reiiqvis,   fi  admixta  fue- 
riat,  mctaiits  ^  qvadrnplict  modo  fieri    folet.     I  mo.  Fufione 
fer  antmonmm  crudum  J  qva  In  fufione  omnia  metalla  cum 
Jiilphurea  parte  fcorlticantur ,  anro  in  parte  re^ulina  intafto, 
Bac  pmificarione  aurifibri  uti  folent.      Ada.  Camcntaiione^ 
^um  f-t-mtJito  YCgali^  compofuo  ^  fak  communi  decrepitato^ 
vitriob  cnkiimto   h  fmm  laterum  pro  bafi.     Hac  puriSca- 
tione,  qvae  aonnifi  fuperficialis  efle  poteft,  monetarii  uti  fo- 
lent pro  exaltando  colore  in  monetis  aureis.     ^tio.^Fu/ione 
fraclphatoria  cum  fulpbure  ^  in  qva  argentum  cum  fulphure 
fcorificaturi  intadumrclinqvkur  aurum,  vel  ♦  cum  Jalecom^ 
fuuni  &  Jiilpbure  commixtis.     Hujusmodi  purificationes  au- 
ri  4  qvae  uoerius  alibi  defcribuntur,  (unt  neceflariae  ubi  major 
mafla  argatti  eft  ab  auro  feparanda.    4to.  Solutione,  qvae  tri- 
plici  fieri  poteft  modo.    (a)  Cum  aqvaforti  prius  depurata, 
qva  argentum  &  cuprum  folvuntur,    intaftum  relinqvitur 
aurum.    Hsc  folutio  locum  habet  dum  major  proportio  ar* 
^ent'u  cum  triplo  minori  auri,  commixta  exiftit ,  in  qvem 
finem,  aurum  prius  cum  triplo  argenti  mifceri  folet,  qva 
inixtio  vocatur  qvartatio  (bj  cum  aqva  regis  ,  qvae  folutio 
■'    ufitata  dum  minor  proportio  argenti  adeft.  In  hac  folurione 
folvitur  aurum,  iiuaftum  relinqvitur  argentum*   Prsc'-pita- 
tur  veto  aurum  ab  hac  folutione ,  cum  iimpida  folutione 
vitrloli  martis  ;  pr^ripitatum  cum  nqva  forti  ablutura  ac 
tandem  cum  nitroMixm^  purilfimum  eft  aurum.  Taj  Cum 
oleo  vstrioli  puro  &  bene  concentrate  ,   qvo ,  lub  cofturt 
argentum  folvitur ,  auro  intafto. 
Ohf.  4.   In  ponderatione   auri ,  dum    refpcftus  habetur   ad  c- 
jusdem  puritateiu,  connumerantur  Aariina  24  in  felibra  feu 
marca,  &  qvodqve  karatium  ad  grana  la.     Hinc  2unim 
puriflimum  ,  qvcKl  Obkyzum  vocari  folet,  dlcitureffe  au- 
rum 24  karatiorura.    Moneta  auvea  fvecicae ,  qvx  Duca- 
0:1  appellantur,  continent  auri  karatia  43  &  grana  6,  cum 
Mrgeau  granis  6  in  felibra  Ijgati.    Aurum  ladum  ,  Pj»to- 
XET  vocatum,  continet  auri  karatia  ao  &  grana  4,  cum 
.  €ufi'i  karatlis  3,&  gratis  8. 

Aw- 


Digitized  by 


Google 


f><  (  o  )  KJ  3«3 

AvnxTM  CoRoNALE  dlftum,  continet  auri  karatia  18  &  gra- 
oa  4,  dam  reliq^rum  in  Telibra  eft  argentum^  raro  cuprum. 

AmruM,  E^iLLON  vocatum,  dimidia  partie  auri  &  dhnidia  ar- 
g^nti  conftat. 

AvRUM  GORKEUM  ,  iufiffls  fortis,  nonniiipf  vel9|  kara- 
tia tfarf  in  felibra  babet. 

Ohf,  5-  '^^^i  «/«/  in  vita  conmuoi  minor  videtur  qvam  ar- 
getiti  &  p'urlum  a  rciiqvls  metallit.  Uftirpatur,  ut  indica- 
vimaa,  ad  monetas  &  numijmta  , ,  de  cstero  ^utem  vix  nifi 
•d  oroamenta.  Ab  aartfabtu  ad  vaCi  mioora  &  aanulos  ela- 
borari  folet  5  oec  oon  ad  obawatitmes  rriiqvorum  metallo- 
mm }  ut  &  ligQeonim  aliorumqve  oroamentortim ,  tarn  ab 
bisqram  aliis  fabricacoribus  adtiiberf.  In  buuc  finem,  au- 
rom  in  teauillimat  lamellas  extendicur ,  qvod  aurum  tun- 
six^  five  fhlhttim  vocatur ,  &  dlverfte-eft bonitatis &puri- 
btfa.  Optimum  vocacur  Damafeenieum ;  Bfblhpe^arim  eft 
magia  mixtum*  Apatbecariorum  &  psElorum  (ficicur  e(fe  ia- 
feriorta  fortis.  Ad  fimbrias  &  qv»  fant  plura  ejusmodl  or- 
ramenra  vefiimeotoram  uAirpator  aurum  nbtum. 

Gbf^  6.  Uc  cognofcatur  cujua  booitatis  &  purltatis  fit  aurum 
&VtJjgttatum,  fivefaFlum^  explorari  hoc  folet 

imo.  Lapsde  l^dio,  cui  dutt  aurum  aflSricatur »  ab  admixto  ar^ 
gento  patlidiorem,  qvam  puri  eft  auri>  Ibfcipit  colorem^ 
%b  admixto  mpro  magia  rubentem* 

«dq.  In  igm^  uU ,  qvod  aipro  participat  amrum ,  mgrejist. 

jtlo.  Bfhnci  bydro/tdties  ^  qvae  gravicas  fpecifica  cognofcitur 
In  proporrlooe  isidmixll  metalli  dimiouta^ 

]|to.  Afva JJHTti^  ct^m  dim  guttuU  inftillatdr  In  durum  five 
magis  folidum  five  tunfiU ,  ad  obauratiooes  u(\irpatam ,  & 
ImmpbiUa  rellnq^Htur  per  boram  vel  ultra ,  virideai  turn  a 
rapfo  admixio  fiifdpit  colorem  ;  ^h  wgento  zXbeicenVem.  Si 
intin€A9  ab  auro.jn  kfiii  fydio  £i£fcas  juftilletur  a^vafartit, 
obfervari  etiam  pcMt ,  In  q vantum  ab  eadem  folyitur  vel 
deletnr.  Aurum  purQm.ab  aqvaforti  noa  foi vitor »  nee  co* 
lor  aqvae  fortit  ab  eJDd^  mutatur. 

^510.  SiAaiaue  in  aqya  regis  ^  ubi  aurum  purum  fine  praecipita- 
tione  iblvitur. 

6to,  Fufitme  per  mttimmumy  ut  COgoofcatur  in  qvantum  d« 
fuo  pondere  petdic 


Oif.7. 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


iH 


f»*Co)»«l 


Ohf,  f,  Difficillima  eftindagarionefowpo^e/d  jurf,Utpote  qvo(| 
cullo  adhuc  cognito  modo  deftrui  poteft.  Maximam  vide- 
tur  habere  convenientiam  cum  menurso  ,  (a)  gravitate  fptci* 
Jjca  noa  multum  difcrepaote,  (b)di*ficilf  utriusqve  ibluuon© 
iu  actdo  vhriclico ,  fcj  forti  attraaioiie  ad  acidum  jalis  at- 
qve  forti  cum  eodem  corinutto.  Cd)  imperfedta  caUimtione 
Xitriusqve  Urn  iaigneqvara  menltruis.  His  circumftantiis  fi 
addimus,  mercurtum  &  aurum  maxima  ad  iavicem  gaudere 
attradtioue,  &,  qvod  SLmercurioJixato^  tam  argentim  qvam 
GUYum  obtineri  poffit;  exiftimamus  hlncconchidi  polfe^aa- 
turn ,   eaikm  compofittone  cum    argento  U"  mercurio   exi(lere» 

.  Ibu ,  id  fpflmi ,  ut  mereurium ,  fumme  atteouatum  &  fixa- 
.^  turn ,  atqve  rum  iijlammabiH  puriflima  materia  ,  eadem  qva 
in  cupro  veljlanno  reperitur,  arftiffimc  combinatum,  con* 
fiderari  poffe ,  &  hiac ,  hoc  J'olare  corpus ,  ut  compofitum 
ferfiEli/Jmum  ^  a  particulis  mercuriahbus  &  infiammabilibui 
fumme  attenuatis  &  iadivulfo  fere  nexu  combinatis  ortujxi 
habendum  ellci 


in^'^i^^^^^fj  ;♦     «^^f4  m^  a.; 


f^l*- 


S.  14a. 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


^  C  o  )  >4  46s 

$*    142. 
7.  PLATINA.    AURUMALB.  Gen.59. 

pLATiNA  DEL  PINTO.     Platifio  di  fxnto. 

JUAH   BLANCO. 

Svcth.  Platina,    HwiT  ould     -^ 
GalL  Platine.     Or  Blanc 
Germ.  I^latina*     Wbis^Bs  cold 

!•  Eft  metallum  colore  arfcntco  ad  caerulcum  aliqvantifpcr 
indinante,  qVod  hue  nfqve  nonnifi  in  forma  arena- 
ria,  feu  particularum  nitidarum  ,  inftar  fqvamarum^ 
figurse  irregularis  ,  eft  repertum.  Sunt  vero  hs 
fqvamuls  feu  particulas  ^  ad  intrinfecam  faaui  tex- 
turam  parum  granolares  &  fraQura  grifes  ,  alias 
tnagis  alis  minus  in  laraellas  duUiles  ^  plerumqve 
snixcse  cum  aliis  particulis  Aigrefcentibus  ^  feu  fu- 
fcis  ,  vel  flavis ,  qvas  ad  partem  qvidpiam  auri 
continent^  ad  partem  magnete  funt  attrafliles,  ad 
partem  lotura  feparari  poffunt ,  lapidc« ,  qvas  ideo- 
que  hue  non  pertinent.  Tenacitate  &,  duEtilitate  mi- 
nor! gaudet  hoc  metallum  qvam  aurum ;  duritie  au- 
tem  aurum  ^^longe  fopcrat  ♦  polituram  fufcipit  pul* 
chram. 

a.  In  aire  (^  aqva  eft  platina  immutabilis. 

^.  Gravitate  fpecifica  proxima  auro.  lA  proportione  ad 
aqtram  impurior  platina  deprehenditur ,  ut  16^99;; 
Purior  ut  19,140::  1,000.  Poft  fufionem  vero,  in 
mixtura  cum  aliis  metalUs  ,  qva  in  fufione  plene  puri* 
ficatur  ,  afeendit  hujus  metalli  gravitas  fpecifiea  in 
proportione  ad  aqvam  ,  ut  a^^ooo;:  1,000  ^  adco 
auri  gravitatem   fuperat. 

4.  In  igne  etiam    fortiffimo ,    per  fc  immutabilis  imo  in- 

fufibilis   exiftit  ,   augmentum  vero   pondsris   fufcipere 

'   obferyata    eft.      Specula  cauftico  platina  in  fufionem 

re- 
Digitized  by  VjOOQ  IC 


36^  «>•  C  O  )  Mf 

redigl  pofle ,  &  poll  illam  fttf  onem  magis  malleabileni 
fieri ,  in  CalUa  a  MacqVer  &  6baum£  eft  obfenra- 
turn.  .  • 

f .  Cuxnfdibiis  fufionem  promoventibus  ,  utpote  cum  fali 
'alkaliiio  fixo,  bonace;  fale  miprocofmico^  five  fcpara- 
tim  live  conjun£lim  fomtis  ^  non  fulibilis  exiftit;  Ne^ 
qve  cuni  fritta  vitriariorum  ,  candem  licet  tingcre 
videatur  colore  opdino  yirldcfcente.  Cum  vitris 
plumbi ,  antiinonii ,  conjunSis  vcl  feparatis  nee  fuft- 
bilis  eft»  .  ' 

6.  A  fulpbure  nihil,  mutatur ,  ncc  ab  bepate  fulpburis.    Ab 

bepate  colds  obfervaviunis  placinae  particulas ,  fatis 
forci  igne  ^  aliqvantum  fuperficiaiiter  fieri  agglutina- 
tas^  &  magis  albidas  ac  nitentes  reddi  fed  non  perfc- 
£le  folvi.  Si  vero  btpar  colds  mifcetur  cum  arjenic9 
fixato  y  ab  hac  mixtura  promovetur,  in  igne  follibus 
excitaca  &  per  horam  continuato  »  platinas  perfefhi 
fufio ,  fub  qva  fufionfe  feparatur  ab  eadem  terra  qvas- 
dam ,  qvae  maxiniam  habct  analogiam  cum  ttiagnefia^ 
qvs  fine  dubio  fuperficiaiiter  adherens  fuit%  prout 
obfervavimus  &l  indicavimus  in  ji^is  Stodd>.  1765:. 
Hinc  clucct ,  qvod  platina  cum  arfmico  ad  fufionem 
promoveri  poffit ,  qvam  etiam  obfervavit  Schef- 
F£a  ,  ,ad  platinam  in  crucibulo  fortiter  rubentem 
adjiciens  qvidpiam  aifmici ,  qvo  in  fiuorem  redaOa 
fuit. 

7.  A  lapidibus  fulpbureo  metallicis  ^   praeparatis  ,   a  pyrite 

fulfkureo  puro  cum  vitro  ftifo ,  vel  a  minera  arfmi^ 
ci  alba  aut  cinerea  cum  vitto  fofa  ,  folvitur  platina 
&  mineralifatur.  Ab  his  folutionibus  prscipitatur 
platina  non  mutata,  fi  hi  lapides  bene  ufculati  fun- 
'  duntur  cum  borraci^  bepate  cakis  &  vitro  ^  atqve 
regulus  qvi  hac  fufionc  obtinctur  colore  hcpatico, 
bene  ullulatus. ,  cum  vitro  plumbi  mifcetur  &  cum 
plumbo  in  cupella  incorporatur  ,  ac  fortiflimo  dein- 
de  igne  cogitur  ,    vt  qvantum  poliLbilQ  9   plumbum 

ftpai 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


fcparctur.  Si  vcro  nominati  lapidcs  fiilphureo  metal* 
lici ,  qvi  platinam  continent  poft  uftulationcm  ,  mix- 
ti  cam  fluore  nigro  &  minio  i  fundantur ,  turn  obtine- 
tur  regulus ,  qvi  conftat  plumbo  redu£to.  &  piatinCy  a 
qvo,  per  eliqvationcra ,  fcparato  plumbo^  pUuina  rc- 
manens  fere  malleabilis  redditur. 

t>  Ab  acido  vitrioli  five  diluto  five  concentrato  non  folvi* 
tur^  .  ' 

9.  A  fpiritu  nitri  neqve  folvitur. 

30.  Kfpirilu  falls  intaQa  qvoqvc  rclinqvUur  platini 

11.  Aqva  regis  unicura  eft  mcnftruum  platinae  notum*  Re* 
qviritur  vero  fortior  &  bene  faturata  aqva  regis  cora- 
pofita  a  partibus  Vin^tici^  fpiritus  nitri  Si  fpiritus  ^lis^ 
&  hujus  menfirui  decuplura  vel  duodecuplum  in  vufis 
claufis  ,  fed  fedecuplura  &i  ultra  in  vafis  apcr- 
tis  ,  mcdiantc  infuper  coftura.  Sub  ipfa  folutione 
obfervatur  cffervcfcentia ,  ac  redditur  cadem  magis 
magisqve  fiava  ,  prout  raagia  magisqve  faturatur. 
Poft  evaporationem  lente  feftam  haec  folutio  tardc 
rcfrigcrata  cryfiallos  praebet  flave  rubentes  pellucidas^ 
Napbtham  vitrioli  ab  hac  folutione  platinam  ad  fc 
attrahcrei  codem  modo  ut  aurum  a  fiia  folutione^ 
nonnulli  recentiores  fe  obfervaiTe  dicunt ;  fimuj  &* 
banc  platin©  folutionem  cuttm  tingere  colore  fufco 
nigrefcentc. 

It.  Cum  orani  metallo  &  femimetdto  eft  platina  in  fufionc 
mifcibUis* 

jiurum  ab  eadem  admixta  in  minor!  proportione  fcili- 
cet  '  :ta  vel  ^'.ta,  redditur  qvidem  paulo  magis 
pallidum,  fed  vix  feufibilitcr;  malleabilitatem  qvoqvc 
in  hac  raixtione  retirtet  aurum  fetis  magnam.  A  ma 
jori  proportione  platinse  fit  aurum  magis  pallidum  &c 
fragile. 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


B6t  ^  C  0  ;  Kf 

Cam  argento  difficultcr  combinatur  &  vix  pcrfcde.  Vi- 
detur  argentum  z  platina  admixta  ^  colore  parum  ma* 
tari)  malleabilitate  vero  diminui. 

Cum  cnpro  ad  partem  ^!tam^  |:vam,  vel  minorl  pro^ 
portione  mixta  ^  reddic  illud  colore  pulchrc  rubens^ 
durum  ^  politurara  admittens  ,  malleabilitate  vix  fcn- 
libiliter  diminuta.  Obfervatum  &  eft  platinam  ab  ae** 
ruginc  cuprum  pracavcre. 

CuVn  fl(fnno  facile  colliqvefcit  platina  ^  &  reddit  illud 
fragile  colore  magis  obfcuro. 

Cum  plumho  difficilius  qvam  cum  ftanno  combiflatur ,  ma- 
jorem  ignis  gradum  reqvirens.  Haec  mixta  metallt 
difficillime  per  cupelladonem  feparari  poflTunt ;  eadem 
namqve  ,  fortiffimo  igne  pera£la,  fubfiilit  platina ,  fa- 
perficie  plana  ,  colore  grifeo  ^  aliqvid  plumbi  reti- 
nens.  Per  eliqvatmem  deprehendi  plumbum  melios 
feparari  t  platina  ^  qvemadmodum  a  cupro  ^  qvam 
per  cupellationem,  qvum  vix  uUa  ad  platinam  plum- 
bum gaiadere  videatur  attraftione  ,  fiquidem  dum  in 
fufione  retinentur  mixta,  platina  per  fe  prascipitari 
folet, 

Ferrumfufum  cum  platina  admixta ,  redditur  maxime  in- 
rum  &  fragile. 

Cum  arfenico  facile  in  flnorem  redigi  potefl; 

Cum  ^ifmtabo  eadem  fere  exhibet  phasnomena  qytt  cum 
plumbo;  reddens  illud  magis  durum  &  fragile  atqvc 
in  acre  purpurafcens.  Sponte  qvoqve  ,  fub  fufione, 
pr^scipitatur  platina  &  feparatur  a  mfmutbo. 

Cum  zinco  faciUime  combinatur  ,  &  ab  eodem  ^  fub  fti- 
fione,  plene  folvitur  platina,  zinci  colorcm  parum 
vel  non  mutan^  dum  In  minori  proportione  cum  ziuco 
coadunatur. 


Cum 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


^  (  o  )  K|  3«9 

Crm  antimonio  crude  fe  inftar  omi  habet ;  cum  parte  re- 
gulina  fe  conjungens  \  fed  onine  antimonium  ab  eadem 
poilea  diffipari  non  potell* 

13.    Cum    mcrcufio^  non    amalgamator  ,    nifi  priui  bene 
cnm  ffiritu  falis  h«me£iau  &  cum  eodem  contritafue- 

fie. 

OhfervatiOfies  de  platina. 

Obf.u  KuIIa  hujus  meUUi  miners  defcribi  pofTunt,  iitpoto 
adhue  ignotae.  Maxlme  probabiliter  tam«n  did  poteft>  id 
ipfiim  vtx  oili  form  mstiva ,  aliis  mioetia  vel  lipldlbus  inbae* 
lena  ioveoiil  ^  (alum,  omne  buc  ufqve  notum  nonnifirei- 
pfa  nativum  eft  repertum ,  &  q videro  in  (UperScie  terne  in 
Amntcd  meridionali  jn  provlocia  Choco  in  Pirn  &  ad  •&«- 
t0'Fe  prope  Cartbagenam ,  fine  dubio  e  mioeria  auH  ft  la* 
pidibus  auriferia,  lub  trituratione  earuadem  minerarum  in 
molia  amalgamatoriis ,  foparatum  ac  its  in  locia  accnmn- 
latum,  qvod  non  Tolum  fqVamuls  nitid« ,  qvafi  e0ent  po- 
litae.  indicant,  fed  &  beterogenea  admixta*  gianula  are- 
naria,  qvarzoft,  fpitbofii,  ferrea  comprobant,  ut  ft  ad- 
herens mifcuriMe  fimul  ft  qvidpiam  aar/.  Impcffiblle  ft 
eft,  uchoc  metaUnm  lodamnominadageneiatipociierit. 

Obf.  a.  Dubitaroot  hw  nfqv*  nonn^lli »  an  fhtl^  wt  at- 
alKim  novum  ft  a  rellq  via  prius  notia  diftinftum  confiderarl 
poflit ;  annon  pot!us  fa^benda  pro  recremepte  met allieo^  vel 
inlxtura  qvadam^^etariica ,  a  priut  notia  ccmpofita ;  fed  opi- 
namur,  a  proprietatibus,  qvaa  adtnlimua.  hi  aprtouai  ponl 
pUtioam  non  folum  ut  metalluai  Ted  ft  ut  metaUum  per- 
ledum ,  prius  ignotum  confiderari  deberc.  Maximm  H^ 
nim  cmvonientUm  babit  earn  attro  (a)  In  refpeftu  ad  yr*- 
^itatem Jpecificam  y  qva  ojrnla  metaila,  etlam  aurijn*  dum 
puraeft,  fuperat.  rbj  Fixitate  ,  inmmtabilitatt^ Me^ 
flibtbttitf  in  aare,  anva  ft  Igne  ;  (c)  inJokbiHtai<  'n  «ci™ 
raiocralibua  •  (dj  folubilitate  veto  In  aq^  regif  "^^^I^ 
xU  (e>  fubfiftcntia  In  cupeUattonibuf,  nee  non  in  Ap^ 
cm  axttmomo ;  licet  plumbum  ft  imtimomm  ,  ob  dlflWtem 
ftifionem,  plenc  feparari  non  pnlTinn  NoWf  videtur,  na- 
turam ,  In  produccndis  metallls,  qvafi  progreflum  facere,  a 
molliori  Si'n;olatih  nurcwio^  &  ftibfiftere*  qvafi  ad  *»W 
pervenu,  in  duriffima  ft  fixiffima  ^im.    HttUC  ordinem 

Tom.  IL  A  a  * 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


370  tW  C  o  )  K| 

&  nos  Tecuti  In  pladnae  dcrcriptiooe  Inter  corpora  metiUiet 
fubfiftimus. 

Obf.  3*  Platinamexamloatunt  VATT50N  Ellis  &LBwisia 
JH.  Anglic.  Vol.  XL V III.  Margghaff  in  -rfS,  Berolin. 
MACqvBK  m  jM.  GaU.  ifsS*  Sqhevwj^k  in  ASl.  Stockb» 
1752.  Nbm  in  -43.  Stockb,  ij6f.  De  cxtero  cfr.jAnony- 
mi:  La  platine^  Cor  blanc »  ou  le  buitieme  metal.  1758.  D£ 
LA  Land  in  'Journ.  det  6cav.  17381  Fkekoh  L'amc  lit* 
tifoire  1758« 


t  ♦    f.».   »h 


CIAS- 


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CLASSB  QVAKTA. 

CQNCRETA. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


/  ©<  C  o  >  1^  375 

CLASSIC  IFta. 

CONCRETA.  Ot^-40 

Sunt  corpora  terrca^  lapidea  aut  snineralia,  qve  vel  a  de- 
ftruQis  nineralibus  iterum  mixtis  &  coadonatis  funt 
orta^  vel  fingulari  fi£;uray  aut  loco  natali  eztraordi- 
nario  funt  confpicuaj  qv«  joadruplicis  ixoLt  obfcrvata 
diiFerentis^ 

kmo,  EjusfMdi  fojliia  ^  qvae  a  prius  defcriptis  coirporibus 
snineralibus  feu  foffilibus  ,  qvocunqve  modo  deilru- 
Q\%^  funtgenerata  &  produfbi,  adeoqve  de  novo  con* 
creta*     Hujusmodi  concreta  POROS  appellamus. 

ddo«  Corpora  vegtUbUia  aut  animalia,  qv8s  reipfa  in  ter^ 
ram  aut  lapideam  fubftantiam  funt  mucata,  qvs  gene* 
faliter  P£TIUFICATA  vocantur. 

3tio.  FoJjIUia  ,  inprimis  lapidea  corpora  ,  qvae  qv^unqvc 
cauifa  figuram  obtiQUftnmc  fingularcm  &  cxtraordlna- 
riam  ;  unde  Sc  PIGfAlATI  lapides  appcllanttir. 

4to.  Corpora  9  qvae  tarn  origine  qvam  indole  a  reliqvis 
mincralibas  differunt  ,  aliqva  foluin  fimilitudine 
cum  iisdem  gaudent,  qy«  CALCULI  nuncupan- 
tur. 

Comprehendit  itaqvc  hmc  claffis  ilia  corpora  mineralia,  qvse 
ab  aliis  appellantur  adventitia  feu  pbr.egrina, 
&  FiGURATOs  lapides,  catenas,  qvatciius  figura  in 
regno  mincrali  peregrina  gaudcnt. 


i* 


A  a  3  $.  144. 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


§.  144. 

Ordo  imus. 

FORI,  Indurata. 

^Svtth*  Stbwgtttrwoae '^ 

Gall     POUBS   OU    PIERTIKS   IPOfLfitTSttf 
Gcrm^    StElNVERHARTUNGEN 

Sunt  corpora  raineralia,  tcrrca  aut  lapidct  5^  <^ye  qvi-. 
t^dcm  fua  indole  cum  reliqvis  mincralibus  terreis  &  lapixieis- 
\  convcniunt ,  gcncrationis  tamch  modo  ab  iiJdem  diihnOar 
ifunt,  utpotc  a  tcrris  aut  lapidibus  in  prima  &  fecunda 
<  clafje  dcfcriptis ,  qvocunquc  rtodo  dcftruGis  ,  rcnovata 
qvafi  concrctipnc,  igne  Vel  aqva  produSa  &,  concrcta  ,  un- 
de  &  plcrumqvc  tarn  facie  externa  ab  iisd^m,  diftinfta  fcpe-. 
•mntur,  qvam^  loco,  natali  infvcto^ 

Obf.  Ab  hac  data  Idaea^ucet,  «b  Hoc  ordino  notf  niawpjlu- 
dere  mfncralia  concreta,  qva  adiiftrii^  WtaerMqvlhoscua. 
qve;  renovata  fcdncretionts,  orfglhaH &«*<*•  q^  &>n«°^ 
ccdentibus  tbia  locia  defcripftftltt*,iie  In  BOC  «dlne  Mrpo- 
ra  fimplidora  cum  mag^  coikpdfidfe  ciobnOMPOS^  Sad^i^ 
i/unm  fuA  loco  brevfcer  iodicare  yolumoa.      ^   ^  .^ 


%  ' 


I 


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CaCo)^  375 

1.  FORI  IGNEI.       Gen.  60, 

V       Scoriw  vulcanoTum*     Cronstedt.    ^94»        ^^^^ 

Sveth.  StEngyttringar  i  eld 

GalL  Pores  formcs  dans  le  feu^    Productions 

DES   VOLCANS 
Germ.    SxEINVERHiERTUNGKN  IM  FEUER     :  i^^auJ^; 

*^'Simt  jcorpora  mineralia  igne  fubtcrranco  produtla.  *  .••• 

xi.  Torus  IGNEUS  ,   arenams.      Cikeres    vulcano* 
RUM.  f'^'^  I'^p  f  ii''  ,avK^tt3i^7.       Spec,  407. 

Puwex  pidverein  arenaceus.  v/Xinn6.  18  it  5»w.  1  .>  » 

^Scorxcs  pulverulent(e»    Cronstedt.  299.  -    -'^ 

Sveth.  'Slaggsand.    *Si#agggrus»  Aska  af  eldspru- 

TANDE  BERG  j^ 

Gall.    CENDRES  PES  VOLCAKS  ,       , 

Germ.   ASCHE  DER  feuerspeyenden  BERGK 

Pveperitur  hujusmodi  arena  fcoriacca  aliqvando  parujn 
concrcta  aliqvando  in  granulis  feparatis ,  majoribus  vel  rai-. 
noribus ,  colore  obfcuro  aut  nigrefccntc ,  aliqvando  etiam 
rubente  vel  alio^ 

Ohf,  Hurc  arenap  interdurt  immlxtae  reperiuntor  particulae 
micace^  &  hajaltic<s  ♦  luculeoto  iodicio  non  omnem  are* 
nam  vulcanoium  per  fufionem  c(reproduftam,fed  aliqvam 
depcndcre  a  fraftura  &  contufioue,  qvae  cum  aqvj  cttiuens' 
fffe  poteft.  Eo  faciiior  qvoqve  hujusmodl  f.adura  ^con- 
tulio,  qvodiutius  antea  faxum  fueritcalore  volcan  >rufn  caU 
cioatum.  cfr.  Spec  41,  inter  Glareai  Objl  i.  Da  Vila 
VataL  l^,  IL  p.  6ifi.  A^ra.  9. 
■  Objl  t,  Terrae  q  vas  inter  camenta  defcripfimus  T  J.  31  &  33.  ) 
Hue  a  nonaulUs  retbrci  folent. 

a.  POPvUS   IGXF.US   lapideus  ^   porofus  ^  fibroftis  ^   levis^ 
(tqvis  innatan:^  •  uwex.  Spec.  405. 

A  a  4  Fw 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


S7«  .    »«  C  o  ;  kf 

Pumex  fcbifii  niger.  v.  Ltmii^  liu  U 
Punux.  Cronstbdt.  «97» 

Svcth.   PiMSTEN 
Gall.    PiBRRB  -  PONCB 

Germ.  BiM$sT£m 

Eft  lapis  maxtme  porofut  &  Uvis  ^  aqvif  pTeminqve 
Allis  innatans^  non  fuperaacans,  fibroAis  &  qvafi  exu- 
fius  ^  unde  atcadu  afper  &i  duras  ;  com  acidis  non  €Wer-' 
vefceos ,  ad  chalybcm  rar a  fcintHlalis  ,  in  fcoriam  fafibi- 
lis;  reperitur  in  firuftulis  majoribuf  vei  minonbus  g'obo- 
fis  ant  qvadraticis  vcl  figura  irregularis  in  oceani  aqviSy 
etiam  in  nonnullia  locis  urreftribus  ^  in  viciniis  montium 
Jgnivomorom  exiftentium,  vcif  qvi  olim  exftiteruat. 

(a)  Pumex  grifeus. 

Hie  leviflinius  eft,  mniantbo  inttrdnm  tnxiflie  Umlkm 
cfr.  Davila  Qu.  V.  II.  6io*  19* 

(b)  PuMBx  flavefcens. 
Rarior  cxiftit; 

(c)  PuMBx  niger^ 

Talis  eft  recens  e  montibos  profedus,  qni  ena  titt- 
pore  nigredinem  amittit  &  grifiras  redditor* 

Otf.  I.  Pimicm  antiqvioMe  a  /^ma  wmii  oitiM  cnAdt- 
runt  Pott  in  Uth(^.  11.  6.  ir  4fr  exiftimat  eundem  ab 
dshejio  originew  trabeie,  qvod  cooehuUt  ab  huioi  lapidis 
textura  ftorofa  &  maxima  (imiiirudine  cum  asbefto,  necnoa 
ab  ejuadem  levitate  &  indole  in  igne^  (ivlbusproprietatibiis 
in  plnrimts  cum  asbcfto  convenire  didt.  Vogel  in  Mine^ 
TMlf.  187*  hunc  bpidem  ut  luuuralan  mnrimm  confiderat» 
exiftimans  non  ali^  mineralia  corpora  ab  ignivomismondbus 
tarn  fort!  igne  evomi  pofle  qvam  plane  uvufeorificdU  aot 
vHrifieA4.  Bertrahd  in  DiH.  Ou  Pierre  ponee  qvaeftiu- 
nem  proponie ,  annon  pumex  confiderart  pofflf,  ut  Pj^i^^^ 
per  hifioiiem  deftruftus,  atqve  poftmodum  fub  ebulucione 
materix  fufae  o>ncn?etn?  ftd  ii*a  pyriu  ortum  baberat,eaet 
omnino  aliqvite;ius  martUlii.  Intereatamen  negarinon  po- 
(eft ,  pumicem  mixime  fimilem  elfe  Jcoriis  qvi  fisrro  tufo 

inoi- 


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t>i  C  o  )  K|  377 

imjatant.  Not  opinamur,  ut  adfpeftu  patef,  hunclapidera 
s  duf>lici  tuitTe  fubftantia  compofitum,  una  deflrufta,  unde  c- 
jusdera  porofitas.  altera  permanente,  hinc,  ut  &  ab  cjusdem 
fufibiUtatc  in  igne,  concludimus  eundcm  potius  a  lithantta-^ 
abut  vel  fcbijlo  originem  tr^here  qvam  ab  asbefto  vel  alio 
lapidum  genere  ,  qvum  &  fatis  notum  dari  JcbiftoT  &  //- 
ibmracet  ia  igae  inturaefcentes,  &  perada  calciDatioac  po- 
roCos. 

Obf^  a.  Ufurpatur  pumex  contufus  NeapoU  loco  Terra  Poz- 
zoiance  ,  in  luixtura  cum  calce  ad  camenta  ,  aegv-^ii  cum 
luccelfa    Ab  artificibus  adpotiiurm  ell  ufitatiflimus. 

3.  PORUS  IGNEUS,  lapideusy  facie  terrejlri  aut  fcoriacea^ 
folidiis.    Lava.  ^  Spec.  409, 

Sveth.    Lava   •f      •-  "^w      < 

Gall.   Lava  •  ?  , 

Germ.   Lava     -«^»  "  "^♦'" 

^  Eft  lapis  fparfus,  integer  aut   ad  partem  fufus, 'facie 

vel  fcoriacea  vel  terrcftri  vel  &  mixta  ,  colore  femper  ob- 
fcuro  &  trifci  ,  confiftcntia  vero  &  coinpofitione  foli- 
dus» 

("a)  Lava  facie  terreftrL      Tophus  imperati^     Tuff. 

Ital. 

Colore    eft  fufco    obfcuro,  facie  terrea,   levis ,   intcr- 

dum  pumicofus ,  interdum  &  qvafi  micaceis  &  hafaltU 

cis  particulis,  nee  non  farina  tninerali  alba    effet  ad- 

fperfus.    Italia, 

Cb)  LhvA  facie  fcoriacea. 
Scoriarum  f-^ciem  habet  notam,  afqve  aliqvando  ,  fal- 
tcm  fuperficialiter,  ut  vicrificata  apparet,  , 

(c^  Lava  facie  cryftalllfata. 
Cryftallis  apparet  qvafi  hafalticis  Confufe  congeftis;  co- 
lore fiavefcente,  producitur  a  tegulis  forti  ignc  fufis : 
repcritur  Upfalia  poft  ignem  urbis. 

4*  TOKVS  IGtJEUS  ^' globularis  ^  vitreus.  Scoria  perla- 
TA«  Spec.  410. 

A  a  5  Fumex 


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*378l  -l^  C  o  -)^ 

^umex  vitreus  gramlatus.  v.  Li^:^^.  ig^.-S* 

Scoria  confianm  globuUs  vitreis  ^m^lmneratis.   ^XIroh« 

STEDT.    198. 

-  SvCth.   PE.RLE6LAt;G 
Gail.   ^CORIK  ARROl^DIB 

-'^crm,  Pkkuchlaqke 

Coiutat  albis  cw  \  iridefcentibus  globulis  vitreii -ad 
iaviccm  cohsreacibus  ,  qvafi  igiie  coadunatis  &  congtome* 
ratis  ,  uade  &  interdum  formam  habet  lapidis  concreti 
Ponding,  ^p/r.  Davitua  6oq,  10.  ex  /;i/tiifl  Jljcenfionis^ 
halm* 

V5-  POPvUS  ^GNEUS  lapidtus ,  /a/iJuf ,  n^itnus.   -Achates 
isLANDicus.  Spec.  -411. 

Puimx  vitreus  folidus,  v.  Linnc,  182.  7. 

\^j^€hates  islandicm  niger.  Cronstkdt.   295. 

Sveth.    ISLANDSAGAT.       GLASAGAT 

Gall.  Pierre  DE  ga.llinace 
Germ.   ISL^NDISCHER  crystaLI, 

Eft  lapis  ^inaximc  Tolidas  ,  opactis ,   nigcr  i '  teomori- 
bus  vcro  lanicllis  femipellucidusj    viridefccns,  vitreus,  ad 
^<halybcm  bene  fcintillans ,  in  fraftula   concavo  eonvcxa 
^iirangibrlis ,  igne  fufibilis      Island*  Inf^  Jlfcenf. 

Vlf  Catle  iti  Mem.  deihifif.  ^  S.  Let.  T.  30.  p.  457. 
(demooftr^re  allaboravit  hoc  vicrum  idem  eflTe  qvoa  pi-i- 
iiiv^.lapidem  thfidianum  vocavit.    SXKyi^K  I.  c.  f.  614. 

'^orameniorat  -in  America  ,  ia  montibus  CcriillerimiS  Inte- 

;^Tum  eiTe  montem  hoc  laptde  compofitum  ,  caveraofiim. 
An  ^rgo  hoc  Virrum  uc  Daturale,ao  at  Igne  produftom  Teu 
vittificatum  confiderah  d^bet '{  Cei:te.  non  Ccoriaceaio  fed 
plene  W/r^am  Ceu^iobatinatfi  faciem  habet,  eaqve  foliditate 
oc  deolkaie  o;audet,  ut  in  ofTicinis  vicriarUa,  intenfiffimo  i- 

v^ne,  VI  mafla  raajorl  iroitari  noa  poOir.  Hypothefi  veio  de 
cjusciem  origine  ab  igne  rubierraneoiayulcanis,  £a;iretejus 

/^t^Centja  iis  in  locis  ubi  vulcani  reperiuntur  vel  olim  ex- 

N  5,  146. 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


%    146. 

t.  FORI  AQUEl      Gen.  61. 

Stalactita^  Gybttard  Mem^  Par#  1754. 

S V€th.    St ENGTXTB^II^GAK; '  I  *  WATtBK 

€41.    CoNCRBTtONS  '  OU  ''PlERRBf  'FO|(ME^a'*DAKS 

l'bau.     Stalactites. 
Germ.  SrsiKVEmHAiRTviiGSK  m  "wAfistSA 

Sunt  tcrrs  vel  lapides^  ex  Jkqvis-,  vcl  transmttiatio- 
'^  qvadam    vel  V^^  fubfidentiam  particularura  ,   vcl  per 
i^licidinm  auc  motum  aqvanun  geaerati ,  ^vtrfa,  datura 
&  fignra. 

Otf.  Fori  aavrtilon  foliim  ftii  indole  %  natdra,:  fisd  A'^fi* 
gait  aiaxi«^  diflTemat^.  imde  &  diverfa  obtipqeruntnoini- 
na,  eosdem  itac^ve  ia,4-.  genera  igSnioci^^ipglT^e^e- 
<^0uffl  lial^emu9. 

(A)  Fori  AQUEI  Calcarei.     STAisAeHTm. 

'SwAiy  KALKARnOE  STBNorTTRtMGAR  1  WA^tBM 

^alL  Stalactites  galcairbs 

<jcrni*    Kalkartigb    steis^vi^riijirrtungbn  4M 

H.  STAEACTITES  cdtareusytemJhUypiixHfriderausru- 

dis.       CreT  A  TOPH  ACE  A. 

Repcritii|r  Ibcis  iumilioHbus  .|    defcripU;  inter  "tr^t 
Spsc*  jo, 

-i.  STALACTITES  cakarms^  farinaceus^  jpon^fus  ivtoU 

lis^  Agaricus  mineralis. 
In  rirais  &  ^avemis  bbvius,  'defcrif  tus  ifitcf  ^fetas^, 

§pec^llt 
. 5^  STAJ-ACTITES  cekmm.^'tmiftnSiiniurM 

niATIVA. 

k#i«  ixi  &  <ub>^qvis  holjpitat  ^  iinprimis  iid/t}\|i:nTas 


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380  ^  C  o  J  «J 

pmfens,  &  in  oceano,  deferipu  inter  cretat.  Spe< 
la. 

'4.  STALACTITES  cakareus ,  fluidus ,  terreftris  plerumqve 
mixtus.  GcjHE.  Spec.  412* 

Medulla  fluida.   KuNDMAmrt^ 
Margafimda.  Aoricola. 
Crtta  fiuida.  M.  R.  Spec.  i2« 

SvetK  GuHR 

Gall.  C&AIECOULANTEOlTGirKR  M  CftAIB.*  DdMARB. 

47* 
Germ.  Gumr 

Eft  materia  in  m6ntium  rimis  &  fifTuris  flvens ,  pie* 

^  rnmqve  calcarea  interdum  particulis  lapideis  micaceis  ant  aliis 

detritis  mixta ,  interdum  &  particulis  metallicis  hnpvgna* 

ta.     Ad  faxa  vel  lapides  concreta  &  indnrata,   vocator 

Sinter,  cfr.  Spec,  ir^  Obf.  2. 

fa)   GuHR  aibum^    Lac    imisla   bethlehbmitiCqm. 
Hbkckbl. 

Albifllmo  eft  colore,  laftis  inftar  fluens  ,   obvium  all-' 

qvando  in  montibus ,  raro  in  fupcrficie. 
(y)  GuHU  cinereum^ 

Colore  eft   grifeo,  Craffitie  pultacca  aut  argillsB    bene 
humeQats. 

Otf.  Non  ubivis  nee  femper  hoc  nomen  Gubr  uoam  eandem- 
qve  indicat  terram.  Pott  in  Luhog.  ir.  33.  diclt  id  i- 
pfum  in  igne  indurefcere,  fed  hoc  forfan  valet  unice  de  Gubr 
qvod  atgiUaceas  vel  metallicas  niartiales  ioimixtas  babet 
partlculas* 

If  omen,  ni  &lIor.  babet  a  Geonanorum  G&hren^  qVafi  per 
fermeatationem  produAum. 

5*  STALACTITES  cakmreus  ^  cruftaceus\  vel  per  fe  in  ca^ 
ruUibus^  vel  circa  alia  corpeta  dtiriera  concretus.  Incru- 
fJATVM  Spec.  413. 

UndU'^ 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Undulaglnes.    KirnDMANNt* 

Stalactites  vegetabiliaincrujlans4    v»  Lmy^*  183 •  I* 

Sveth^  Skakpstbn.     Stbhikoepor 

Gall.   IHCIIU5TA.TIOKS 

Germ»    B^indbnstbik.     Stbinkrustb 

Eft  lapis  yd  craftA  calctrea  friabilis  Si  porofii,  vel 
«d  parietes  in  canallbus ,  vel  circa  alia  corpora  qvecunqve 
duriora)  concrcta^  qym  generatar  ab  aqv^^  materia  calca- 
rea  impres  gnata  y  qvain  fiffuras  faxorum  calcareorum  per- 
meando  fibi  adfeciat,  velocius  fluens  retinet,  fegoius  vero 
Hiota  aut  qviefcens  deponit ,  qvs  particular  cum  corpore, 
circa  vel  ad  qvod  deponuatar^  concrefcunt)  cjusdemqve  fi- 
guram  aflfumunt. 

(a)  Inchttstatum^  corporis  peregrini. 

Pleramqve  circa  vegetabiliU  &  mufcos  deprchenditur ,  & 
obfervavit  Springspbld  calcaream  terram  carlsba^ 
dienfem  non  ad  corpora  molliora  ,  ad  carnem  vel 
alias  partes  regni  anjimalis  molliores  deponi  ,  feci 
tancum  ad  corpora  dura ,  ndmralia  ,  vegetabilia  vel 
artefaEta. 

Obf.  Hue  pertineot  plorimi  lapldefl  inter  petrificat^  vegetMlh 
a  lithographis  connucnerati ,  qvi  vero  reiplk  nonnifi  corpo- 
ra vegetabilia  ant  eorundem  partes  crufla  cakarea  vel  topbs^ 
cea  v&ita  exiftunt  Hue  ideoqve  coonamerandi  mufd  ter^ 
reftra  vMlgar§t  qvonui  mendonem  fiiciunt  Bromill  ia 
Lhbogr.  Svec.  Spec.  11.  p.  6.  &  alii ;  Folia  bctulm ,  alm^ 
qvercur  C^r.  qvorum  mentlonem  inter  petrificata  faciunt« 
MYnof?  in  Sax.  Subt.  P.  I.  p.  79.  HelwInos  i»  Lhb. 
Jtngerb.  Tab.  II.  f.  4.  &  5.  Kehtmak  if  Ca$.  Rer.  Fojf. 
Lanoiub  in  Id.  Lap.  Fig.  P.  11.  Tab.  XVI.  ScHEacH- 
Z£a  in  Epb.  N.  C.  Dec.  III.  ann.  V.  &  VL  apend.  Ba- 
IBR  in  Or.  Nor.  p.  49.  &c. 

(b)  iNcauSTATUM  ,  firatofum\  folidum. 

Deponitur  ad  lalera  canalium  ,  diverfa  figara ,  plernm* 
rumqve  irregulari  &  cavernofa  ^  aliqvando  folida ,  at- 
qve  interdom  ea  cepia,  ut  ab  eodem  canales  obftruan** 
tur, 

Obf.    ' 

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Obf.  iDifcrepaat  baec  incruftau  oaui{a«  saa  folom  tolMt^  qvt 
plerumqve  eft  albicans  ,ioterdum  obfcure  fofcus*  viriddfceni 
ar\ic  flavefcen8,obpatticaias  vegetables  velmirtialesadmiit* 
tas;  fed  &  indolct  qnuD  leptriantiir  alia  mere  calcarea ,  alU 
vero  mixta,  plus  mlau?«  cum  terra  JHenitica  vel  alia  qva« 
cuaqve.  ctr.  .Vog££.  de  locruft.  agrf  Gmkgenfis. 

6.  Stalactites  c^ore^  armaceut  circa  radkm  vegda-^ 

btiem  concretus    OsTEocotLAi  Spec.  414^ 

Betrijkatmn.vcgetabile,radkis  arborum  vU  fbMarum,    NU 

R.  Spcc»  304. 

Tophmcakar9il^.fubcyUndruim  v.  Likk^^  I89« 

I  Si 

Larva  argiUaaa ,  ^  urgiUa  innata  -^  ^  ofteocoUa^ ,  Ci^oK^ts^t^ 

285* 
Lapii  fdkdofus.,   Erasti..    Cyfleolitlm  ?Limt. 
OJleiUs  Vel  Stdechites^    Nonkullokuh^ 
itf/>i^  qjfjfrag^s..  Enqftm..  ^mojieos..  Jlolojicos^  Ofiiih. 

Sveth.  Bei^brottstbk 

Gall.   OSTBOCOLLE  OU  FIERRB  DR«   OS  ROMtyS* 

G^rm.  Beinbruchstein.     Knochekstbik 

Eft  cbticretum  lapideum  albcfcens,  jgrifcum  vel  flave* 
fccns ,,  fupcrficie  inasqyali  ,  perforatum  ,  trunco  arboreo 
haude  difluiUIc  ,^  unde  SleLschUe^  a  nonnulUs  vocatur,  vel 
ofltfraao,  undo  offifragus  appeilattir;  flxara  trsdiens  origi- 
neto'^.tJiibuaiubtiliarenacea  terra  cuin  calcarea  mixta,  ali- 
bi  ^^  merg^cav  qva  radices  arborum  czciforum  profundio* 
res-ireliaa  V  priraum  iucruftantur  ^  poftmodum  vero  potre- 
faa»  vcftigiujn,  fui  (&  fpnuneu  apextitm-.  in,  concrete  teUa- 
qviint^     ' 

(a)  pSTefeocbLL/v-^  cakareo^  (Ofenacea^ 

Haec  durior  in  officihis  phairdoAceutiicii  uA^pattiT.^  jlsft' 
Jil.    Sonneburg  in  C&mama. 

(b)  OsTKocOLLA,  wdrgaiea. 
Td^^  moUior^     Etdmpis  in  Callid* 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


'Olf.  Mtram  de  hoe  eodcreto'^ovec  Hbrm annus  la  mailo^ 
ffrafbia  opioio&ea  exiftiinais  illud  elTe  omoino  vegctabite 
atqvd  vegetablliuin  more  crefcere,  ExamSoarunt  haac  O 
fieocollam  Ambros.  Beubks  i&  Hamb.  Magazin.  Vol.  H* 
V.  IV.  p.  |85«  &  Marggkafp  In  AB,  Berolin.  Fotmam. 
oQeocoliae  &  geoecadoais  modum  expofuitHHLwiMGs  io 
Litbanf.  Angers,  p.  43.  &c.  fiLidelioeavitTab.  ^ 

Hoasen  babet  ab  oV^'oy^  o\  &  ^ok}iargluten,  qvafi  ofTa  frafta  t 
effet  cooghitiiuaa  >  qvod  tamea  fruUra  exipeAatur. 

7.  STALACTITES  calcanus ,  glabularis  ^  mnoribus  globu* 
lis  cruftofcU  Jmt  bi^fi  ^  concnius^  Oolit  hus*.     Spt  c. 

•      4»S^ 
Hammites.    PUNOv 

To^fctti^  calcaneus  globulis  pijtfofmibu^  crufiatis  -  c^ngtfiui.  V.^ 

A^wrmor  grants  globofo  auftatU  ^onfertijftmis.  v.  Link6, 
43.  12. 
.   SidaSHus  calcareus  Uftaaui  globulofus^      CvLxiiksTE^r. 
11.  I.  a.  '  ' 

^tfxitm  arenarkm  grantdis  ratundts  ^  HammUes  ^ixm^ 

Da  Costa.  ia9.  7^ 
Orocias.     PifolUbus.     Pifit  lapidea^ 

Svct\k   Ramstem*     Aca 

Gall.  OoLiTHE.     Pierre  ovAitiE. 

Germ,  Eyistein.    Ko^bnstei!^. 

Cottftani  hi  lapidet^  gfanur  v  pltt^'  miftu*^  fotuhdis, 
feu  globulis  iocegfis  vel  parum  complanacis  ^  majoribus 
vel  rainoribus^  conlcatis^  qvi  alibi  dvis- pifdura ,  alibV 
pifis  auc  fcmimbus  vegctabilium  fimilcs  fuiit^.  colore  al- 
boi,  grifeo  aut  rubente  ;  ro  croicopio  dum  ifirpiciuatur 
fradi  ^  teperiiuitur  dompofiti '  lamellis  concentricis  tenU- 
ifllmis  )  una  fupra  alteram  ,  &  plerumqvc  in  centro  ^  cunU 
nucko  qvodaiu  nigrefcentc  vol  alius  coloHs  inclufo^t  Re^ 
pcriutttur  vel  in  vaftitfunii^  yira^u  feparatis .,-  ibidem- 
qve    qv^fi  in   mafla  qvadam  molli  olim  eifent   impaftAtii 

V#l 


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Google  ^ 


8«4  «W  C  o  )  Kt 

vel  in  morUibus  aut  collibus,  qvot  una  enm  petrlficatis  ma* 
rinU  alicubi  qvaH  incegre  coniUtuunt,  irel  deniqvc  in  vi* 
ciniis  tbermarum. 

(z)  OoLiTHUs,  majoribus  globulis  ,  pifi  magnUudwi.  Pi- 

80LITHUS* 

Ex  hac  varietatc  rcperiontur  alii  qvi  pijis  majMbus^  alii 
^yiminoribm  funt  Kqviparanda.  CaUsbad  in  Bobmia. 
Anglia.  Gotlandia.  Horum  aguras  fiiiunt  Hblwihgs 
in  Utbo^.  Angerb.  Tab.  I,  Nro.  17.  &  Fr*  Ern, 
BruCKMAN  in  Hift.  naturali  Oolitbi  Tbefaim  fubttrr. 
Dae.  Brunsw.  mntx^  Tab.  XXV.  Nro.  iii^ 

(b)  OpLiTHus  ,  globulis  minoribus ,  magnitudine  mmm 
pifcium.     Ph\citbs. 

Hie  ^ft  qvi  proprie  OolUbus  appellari  debet,  cnjus  glo- 
bull  «qvalc8  ovulis  pifcium  vcl  cancrorum.  Nusberg 
in  Brunsvico.  Gallia.  Hklwings  1Mb.  Jngarb. 
Tab.  L  Nro.  20. 

(c)  OoLiTHus,  minoribus  ghbtdis^  magnitudine  gjran^ 
rum  milH.    Cenchrites. 

Brunsvicum.  Saxma.  Hbi.wino«/.  c.  Tab  J.  Nro. 
It. 

(A)  O0HTHU8  minimis  globidis^  magnitudine  granmm 
papaveris.    Mecokitbs. 
Figura  confpicitur  in  Helwihos   LitK   Jng.  T.  L 
^19.  &  Fa.  E&.  BrQckmah  !•  c.  Tab.  XXV.  6g. 

Obf.  t.  Qvi  uberlorem  horum  lapldum  defrripHonem  defide* 
rant,  reperlcot  in  BrIickmanni  Hijl.  N  Oolitbi.  Ejus- 
deroqve  Magn.  Dei  in  Locir  Subterr.  Lance  I  Uift.  Lap. 
i>AROENViLi/E  Oftrylog.  Vc. 

Obf.  2.  Noo  magnitudine  folum,  fed  &  colwe  ftmt  hi  globall 
diftinfti ;  Mi,  frrifei^  flsvi,  ritbri .  frfci ,  Imo,  qvi  fliperiuf 
tufci  inRirius  albi;  daotur  etiam  qviextrinfecuaftint  albi  io- 
trinfecus  vcfo  flavi ,  qvi  ioprimia  pro  ovif  pifdum  petrifics- 
tif  haberi  folent,  licet  color  I  itrinfecus  flavus  podus  ocbn- 
eemternmvel  tinftoram  martiajm  iodicart  poflit,  qvaaa 
yiceUua  o  vj,  ut  pludmi  exiftbaaot 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


fcH  (  o  ;  K|  3«5 

Sunt  &  Infuper  fua  iudok  diflinai;  cum  acidis  cffcrvefcen- 
tes,  calcarei^  alii  non  eflervefcentes ,  qvos  Schmiot  ia 
jitl.  Hetv.  Vol.  y.  vocat  fpurios ,  qvi  tbrfan  ^pjU  fuaC 
indole. 

Obpi.  De  origlne  horum  lapidum  divert*  opinioneg, 
(a)  Lachmund,  ans.  b.  aboot  ,  kundman,  klein,  ge- 
SKEK,  DACOSTA,  &c.  contcndunt  bos  iapides  eadeiri  t'era 
vel  analoga  efTe  origine  ac  ftaladtitas ,  ea  folum  differentU 
qvod  hi  globull  fine  ba(i  iormentur. 

(b)   SchEUCHZBR,  BaIER,    BuTTNER,  FiSCHBRt    WoLCK'i 

MANt  Bruckman,  Rappoldt  contendtint  hos Upidcs fci- 
pfa  effc  ova  vel  fcmina  pctriftcata  vegetabillum, 
Cc)  Bertrand  in  DiH-  Orycht.  PUrre  Ovaire  &  ScnViior 
in  A^.  Heh.  Fol,  F.  exiftimaatduDliceHdariooUthos;*/i<)x 
genuinoiy  qvos  nonoifi  ova  petrificlw  eflecontendunt;*//©/ 
^otfoj^ufior.  Priores  ex  co  cognofcl  dicunt ,  itno.  Qvod  fa 
iisdem ,  fnb  ctufta  externi  lateat  ovulum  ejusdem  magnitu- 
diols  qva  externa  maffa  confpicitur.  ado.  Repcriantur  I  s 
locif  ubi  pifces  aut  carabi  petrlficati  inveniuntur  &  ova  fua 
ponere  folent.  3tio.  Qvod  cum  acldis  effervcfcant^qvam 
proprietatemScHM\DT  fpurlisdenegat.  4to.  Qvod  fuape- 
cuUari  ftruftura  lamellari,nuUam  babeant  conVenientiam  live 
cam  lapide  arenAri$  five  cum  flaMiu  vel  aliis  corporibua 
mineralibuf ,  fed  tall ,  qvae  cum  ovis  pifcium  &  cancrorund 
convenit.  5to.  Plurimi  coafendunt  fe  fubmicrofcopio  hisia 
clobulis  obfervaflTe  tarn  corticem  ovorum  qvam  albumea 
&  vitellum »  prout  Bruckman  in  H^.N.  OoUtbi  dellnca- 
Vlr;  atqve  exiftimat  Bbrtrand  1.  c.  granum  in  ccntroglo- 
bulorum  latens  nigrum  eife  foetum  ovuU  petrificatum, 

Sed  bcc  omnia  momenta  nos  non  movere  poffunt  ut  creda- 
mus  hos  lapidea  effe  ova  petrificata,  pcrfvafi,  albumen,  vi* 
telUim  &  foetum )  qvx  fub  microfcopio  confpici  dicuntur 
vix  nifi  in  imaginatione  locum  habere  (a)  qyia  (truftura  la. 

mellarif  non  prapcife  cum  ovulis  conveni%  C^J  H«c  ftru- 
ftura  non  omnimodc  in  r«gno  min'^rali  peregrina  ;  moxnam. 
quedefc  ibere  volumus  topbum  lamellisconicis  compofitum 
Ty)  Tanta  liorum  globulorum  datur  copia  in  arapllITimia 
uratls  &  in  montibus  ac  coUlbuS  in  Brnnrvicen/t^  Htlveth^ 
GaUid  ,  Anglia,  GotblandU  i^c.  ut  ab  ovulii  pifcium  origl* 
nem  iiabere  oon  poflTint,  (0}  Ovula  a  pifclbus  fepaxata, 
poftmodum  vel  con^lomerata  certis  in  locis  reperiiintur,  vel 
traAutemporisdifTura;  qvs  circumllantia?  heic  locum  non 
I  habent«  ubi  baec  ovula  reperim'us  In  mafia  calcarea  terreftrl 
Tom.  11.  B  b  Vtl 


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Google 


iS6  ^  C  o  }  K| 

vellapidea  feparata^ft  fere  aeqvaUIiter  tpntfy.  fi)  Mif;n!* 
tudioe  qvoqve  fUa  plorlmi  ab  blfl  globulis  ova  pirclum  loa- 
gefuperant.  (^J  Videnturdeoiqvcova  pifcium&cancroruni 
ob  intrlnfecam  moUem  (UbflantUiii,petriucatioQeni  fubire  noa 
pofle.  (nj  Ad  oculum  patet  ia  tbcrmh  carobnis  hujmmodi 
globulos  ab  aq va  calcarea  generari  &  produci. 

fdj  Jam  reftat  ut  noftram  dicamus  fenteDttam  ,  &  qvonioda 
hi  lapides  a  oatura  producantur.  Vtdetur  vero  geaeratiu- 
nis  modus  trtplex  poflibUl?. 

lino.  Per  flillicsdvim  a  guttulis  aqvx  calcareae  ia  terrammol* 

liorem  (liUaatibus,  delude  vero  fiiccelIivecoagularis,&  in- 

duratis  ac  tandem  cum  ipfa  terra  molUori  ia  uaam  r^re  maf' 

V     fam  coDfolidatis*    Haoc  opioioaem  Jtalagwdtx  uiox  defcri* 

bendae  probabilem  redduot* 

•do.  Pet  motum  ,  a  calcarea  terra  vel  alia  aavis  rcotis  im» 
mixta,  eorundemqvc  motu  in  mintmos  globulus  redacta^  qvi 
nuclecs  conilituunt,  q  vibus  in  aqva  dirtius  tnotis  ad^^Iutioan- 
tur,  fucceffi  vis  temporibus,  particul^e  calcareae,  unde  non  po- 
tednon  crudacea  tezttira  generari  &  produci^  &  qvaiDdiii 
in  aqva  fluunt,  fphaericam  jiffumere  tiguram,  erdem  modo 
vit  grando  gcneratur  in  aere  cfr.  Hollmah  in  Sy  Uoge 
Comment,  in  R,  Sdent.  SocieU  p.  i9fl.  cujus  vet  Da  heic 
adponere  voluraus.  Si  aqva  materia  lapidea  Is^^  tophacta  re^ 
plcta  in  loco  ^vodam  qxicjcant  ,  bullasqve  aereas  in  fuperficie 
Jua  ,  caujfa  gvalicuisave  ,  concspiant ;  buiiarum  ijtarum  ambitus  it  A 

' .    f^P^  ^^^  tempore  nge/ctt  ut  tejfam  avorum  fnbtiiijfimnm  fere  rr- 

I  ferat ,  qv^  dewtium  etiam  vim  experta ,  Jlridorem  Jcn/ibslem  ex-' 
citato  Hac  igitur  materia ,  fi  ^ranulir  ^  aaxa  bine  sjidc  voluta^ 
tis^  adbarefcatj  corticem  Jiibtdijfimum  eidem  facilUme  inducit^ 

. ,  €ui  alius  paule  poft  eircump  /itui ,  atiiqve  potto  aliit  Jiicftljive  jrm- 
fli,  corpus  tandem  i]utmodi  giobofum  ^  vei  in  medio  ftuido  ambien-- 

.  te  formant  ^  cui  atenula  ejusmodi  ^  ccntri  qvafiioco^  incluja  ap^ 
pareat^ 

3tio.  Pev  motum  qvendam  inirinfecum  t  fcrmentationi  anakgtoL  qva 
malTa  moUior  calcarea  qvafi  in  buUnlas  mioures  exciiatur^ 
qvx  congelats  &  deiacle  in  £:]valt  vel  alia  maierkcircum- 
rotaiae,  noa  polTunt  noo  cruftacel  fieri  &  fphaerici. 

8.  STALACTITES  caUareHs  Jiillatitius ,   fub  ftUlicidio  ctm^ 
cniusy  pendultis^     Stiria  fossius.  Spec  416. 

StalaRites  cretaceus  tunicato  cruftaceus^  apice  perforata  M* 
rtofo.     V.  LxNN^.  183.  2. 

Sta- 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1 


la.  I.  h. 
Sveth.  DROPPSTBit 
Gall.  Stalactite 
GeriD^   Trophst£1H 

Hie  eft  qvi  proprie  ftala&ites  vocatnr  ^  figurt  pfe« 
fuinqve  conies  perforata  raro  fiftulort;,  conftans  cruftis 
cxcentricis  &  cpnccntricis  ;,  produdus  a  terra  calcarea 
fimplici  vel  mixta  ^  aqvis  fiuentibus  iinmizta,  qvas  gutta- 
tim  cum  aqva  ftillans ,  in  aere  vel  locis  vacuis ,  evapo** 
rata  aqva ,  coagiilatur  ,  vi  attra£iiva  particulararo  ad  in* 
vicem.  Hinc  adfixus  fit  hie  lapis  faxo  vel  lapidi  ^  ti 
alibi  reperiri  non  poteft  ^  qvam  vel  in  cavernis  moQtluni 
vel  lA  antiqvig  fornicibus  fubcerraaeia ,  apice  deorfum 
vcrfo. 

(z)  Sti^ia  possitis  y  alba. 
Generatur  a  calct ,  &  reperitur  ib  fornicibus  regulari 
kpide  exftrudis ,  fim\x\falino  efk  folet  lapore^ 

(q)  Stiria  possiLis  ,  grifea. 

Hsec  in  cavernis  montium  reperitur  t   a  calcareis  par* 
ticolis  aqva  detritis« 

CO  Stiria  Fosstus,  flavefcens  vdfufca. 
Eft  tinfiura  martiali  prsdiia. 

Obf.  Oeutrantur  h«  Stiri«  eodea  modow  eanden  &  fare  bei« 
em  habent,  qvam  conut  gUcialU  teftls  hyeme  appenfus.  Eft 
vero  hic  mioeralis  ftalaftites  pleromqveperforatui  &crufta* 
ceut  ac  in  apice  moliiori  textura  qvam  ad  bafin. 
A  JHruf  (evt  JlMlaSlite  dcftrufto,  fuam  trahere  oH^nem  ^^ 
kfht  exiftimar  ScftEucHZEK  in  Emfl.  si  Bsierum «» jj|^ 
Nat.  Curiofi  Tom,  IL  Aff.  p.  94.  <jr.  Tom.  /.  p»  a8*  ^^- 
II. 

f.   STALACTITES  tcimm  ,  pofl  JHlliddum^  figurn  pfe- 
bofa  >   bmyUica  vel  alia  concrttus.     SxalagMitRs« 

Spec.  417* 

B  b  ft  SvetL 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


S««  ^  (  o  )  «t 

Svcth.   FmuRSItAD  DEOPPSTmt 

Gall.  Staxagmitb 

Germ.  Figurirtbr  trophsteiit 

Hie  ftaIa£Utes  ab  aqva  calcarea  prolapra  vel  fubfiflcn- 
te  generatur ,  evaporata  aqva  ,  fornia  &c  figora  diverfa^ 
intrinfece  plerumqve  folidus,  radiatus,  radiis  ad  centrum 
tendent'ibus,  diverfa  magnitudine,  feepe  &  horizon^aliter 
faxis  adheeroc  in  fundo  cavernarura. 

(jsi)  Stalagmites^   globofus. 

Reperitur  in  globulis  feparatis  vel  conjundis  ^  figWi 
botryitica. 

(b)  Stalagmites  ,  confeEtionarius.    Bellaria  lapi- 

DEA. 

Eft  confeftionibus  aut  bcUariis  fimilis ,  colore  albo  vel 
fufco  ^  fsepe  aniygdalis  faccharo  candifatis  sqvalis» 
Ab  Lalis  vocatur  conpetto  Di  tivoli  a  loco  na- 
tali  Tivoli ;  hinc  ab  aliis  Bellaria  Tiburt  ina 
appellatur.  Reperiuntur  yero  hsc  bellaria  non  fo- 
lura  his  indicatis  locis  fed  &  in  antris  B^um^nnia'- 
nis  in  Herzinia  &  alibi.  Defcripferunt  Wormius  in 
JMufm  p.  52,  Ulyss.  aldrovandus  in  MuJ.Me^ 
tali.  p.  178.    Langhis   in  Hift.  Lap^  Fig^  Helv. 

(c)  Stalagmites  fungiformis^ 

Fungos  hi  ftalagmits  reprasfentare  ibient  &  vocari  pun* 
Gi  GLAPHYRi  ^  a  loco  natali  in  jircadia. 

(d)  Stalagmites     coraUoides.       Flos    fbrri    spu« 

KIUS. 

Stalactites  marmoreus  ramulofuu  v.  Likn6.  183*  4* 
Plurlbus  vel  paucioribus  ramificationibus  eredis  con* 
ftat  ,  corallis  fimilis,  colore  albo  flavcfccnte  vel  fu- 
fco, plerumqve  ramis  opacis,  aliqvando  autem  fere 
pellucidis*  Canadd  in  Hifpania^  Eifenerz  inStiria 
&c.  Delin.  &  Defcripf.  Beslerus  in  GazopbyL 
fol.  g.  Car.  Obmmbius  in  M/i  N.  C.  Dec.  11.  an. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


VI.  p.  ^P7.   VEL%cHiu%in  I^catofi.  r^   Obf.  XXXVII, 
Valkntini  in  Muf.  Muf.  T.  I.  p.  86. 

Objl  Haec  varietas  ad  mineras  ferri  folet  rcferri  &  exlnde  no- 
nieaobtinuit  germauicum,  Eijcnhliithe ^  atqve  latinum,^ox 
ferric  fed  Ucet  miner  am  manis  albam  germinantem  ,  pro-- 
pile  fiorem  ferri  vocindana ,  a  mmera  martis  caLcareaalbt 
detrica  ,  per  ftilUcidium  produdlam,  &  confeqveoter  reipfa 
ftdagmitem  ferreum,  dari,  antea  ionuimus  CUffl  2.  Spec,  336. 
fimul  tamen  ftalagmitem  dari  omai  ferro  defticutum  extra  du- 
bitatioois  aleam  eft  pofitum,  ^ 

Ce)  Stalagmites,  irregularis. 
Hie    reliqvis  varictatibas    freqventlor     nulla  pcculiari 
gaudet  figura»  .    ..;) 

10.  STALACTITES  cdcareus  ^  folidus  fif  crujlofus^  figu-^ 
ra  incerta.        Sinter     calcareum^       Spec*  418. 
StalaSlitcs  marmoreus  folidus.  v.  Linn6.  173.  3. 
Stalactites  figura  incerta.  Crohstkdt.  1I4  !•  c 

Sveth.  Sinter.     Solid  droppstbk 

Gall.  Congelations,    stalactites*     Sinter 

Germ.   Sinter 

In  cavernis  &  antris  montium  hofpitare  folct,  all- 
qvando  &  in  locis  fubaqvofis  marinis  ad  latera  rupium  j 
intrinfeca  ftruflura  folidus  feu  potius  cruftoius,  figura  incer- 
ta  utpote  dlverfifQma,  non  tam  ftillicidio  generatus,  qvam 
potius  materia  fiuidas  qvali  adglutinatione  &  concretione 
ad  parietes,  unde  &  aliqvando  undularis  aliqvando  globula- 
ris ,  aliqvando  zonis  ornacus ,  fepius  figurae  indetermina- 
tae  apparct. 

(a)  Sinter  calcareum^  cruflofum. 
Tenui  folum  crufta  faxis  adhaereHte  conftat* 

(c)  Winter  calcareum,  folidum. 
£(1  facie  folida  non  apparenter  cruftofa,  fed  porofa  & 
granulari  fopcrficie ,  utracq/e  hae  varietates  rcfpetiun- 
tur  in  B  A  u  M  A  N  s  H  0  l  £  in  Cermania.   Adnampo- 
lu 

B  b  3  (O 

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(c^  SiKTXR  CRBTACBiiM  ^  glMUxn  ,  TUpibus  Jkboqvd* 
Jis  marinis  adfixum. 

Eft  colore  albo  parttculis  fubtUifTimis ,  ad  rupes  fab* 
aqvofas  marinas  adfixum  ,  conftang  globul's  feu  he« 
mifphasriis  trrcgalaribus  ^  vel  cllipticis  auc  angulari- 
bus,  fuperficie  Convexa  ,  ad  invicein  conjunOis  fed 
diftintlis,  cum  fhris  vtl  filis  m  uno  latere  appends 
tenuioribus ,  qvafi  mufci ,  qvae  tamen  fila  ,  fub  nii- 
crofcopio  ex  afle  eqvifeti  articulati  feu  hippuritorum  co- 
rallinarum  infkar  apparent,  jinglia  ex  rupibus  fub- 
warinis.  :s      v.  •y  r^z^.v. 

Chf,  Dubius  haereo  ad  qv»m  prapdff  fpecicm  has  lapfdes  fub- 
marinis  faxis  tortitcradfixoa  referam.  UtJUh^mtta  confi- 
deraci  vix  poffunt,  q^nim  dubito,  an  in  lods  fubmariais,  a* 
fua  ealcii  vel  €retacea\  ik  exfteret,  ad  rupium  latera  ,  ubi 
aqva  femperalluit,  condenfari  poffit  Adhsrentes&appcn- 
fae  fubtilifTimae  7?^^  hippntitic^  iaauere  videntur ,  eosdem 
ad  cofaUa  ceferri  polfe  ,  fed  rellqvaai  fi  confidere- 
mus  flrufturam  ,  nihil  qvidpiam  org%nicl  in  b  ?  glo- 
bulisappiret,  utpote  (bperficic  gaudentes  c<Kivexa,  levi  & 
qmfi  polita,  lincftrifs,  ports  aut  aliis  corallorum  criteriis, 
imo  &  fine  aliqva  cavitateiutiiafeca,iigura  qvoqvefaoema- 
xime  irregular  L 

II.  STALACTITES  fpathofui^folidus^flguradiverfa.  Sta-^ 

LACTITES    srATHOSirS.  SpCC    4I9. 

Stalactites  marmmeo  fpntfmfus  follfiis.  v.  Linn^.  i84  ^7» 
Sialailttes  folidus  partkfUU  /patbojis.     Cronstedx.  iz» 

Call,  Stalactites  spATUEosss.  CoHGELAtioNssPA^ 

THBtr^ES 

Germ.  Spaitartiotsa  xRoPFsrEm 

Eft  fignra  diverfa ,  extrinfece  aliqvando  erttfta  teQaSt 
intfinfeca  vero  compoHtianc  fpathofus ,  fpatho  albo  vel  ni* 
bro  plus  minus  diapbano  compof^us. 

(a)  Stalactites  ^pathosus  ,  cmicus* 
Hie  aliqvando  pendulus  &L  in  apicc  perforatus^  ut  Spec. 
8va.  (b) 


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0>)  Stalactites  iPATHOfus,  cylmdricus. 
(cj  Stalactites  spatrosus,  botryixicus. 
(d)  Stalactites  spathosijs,  in^icui  ^  cryjlallifa* 

tus.  ^ 
Solent  hft  cryilalli    figura  eflfe  prifinatica   triangularly 

com  apice  triangularL    Hifpama.     Caunumt  ad  Rouen 

in  Gallia.    Baimansbole  in  Germania.    Helvetia.     A* 

driampoUs. 

(B)  FORI  AQUEI  Gtpioil     Stalactite  gtfso- 

SvcA*  GTP8AETiGB*STKMaTTTaiKOAR  t  WATTEN 

Gall.  Stalactitbi  ctpsbvibs 

Germ.  GtFSARTIGE  STBINVERaARTirHGBV  IM  WAS^ 
IBR 

t%.  STALACTITES  GYPSOSUS  terreflris  ^  farinaceus^ 
Farina  fossilm*  Eft  Iisbo  iarina  defcripta  $.15* 
Spec,  I4» 

13.  STALACTITES  QY?S0SIJS^  particuUs  bnpalpabUibuf. 
Grignardus^  Spec.  410. 

-     StalaHites  gyffeus  folidus^  v.  hixfvi.  IS4.  ?• 

Stalactites  gypfeus  particulis  impalfabililw.    Cronstedt. 

Sveth.  Gtpssiktbr 

Gall.  GaiGK^RD.    Sinter  gypsbux 

Germ.  Gtpssintbr 

Figura  determinata  caret,  plerumqve  licet  cruftofu, 
de  cctero  fiicie  alabaftri  gaudet^  eundemqve  Cum  alabafts 
f  rftftat  ufum, 

^a^  Grighardui  flavefiente  colore. 

fb)  Grignardus  colcre  albo. 

Prior  varictas  rcperitur  ad  Montmartre  in  Gallia  *^  pofte- 
Tior  in  halia. 

Bb4  ^^'i/: 

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89*  tX  C  o  )  K| 

Ohf.  Afftea  fndicavimus  inter  lapid3S  gypfofbs  §*  45.  Spec.f^ 
Obf.  2.  EhWBENTON  in  jta.  Pari/.  17^4,  contenacre  otone 
alabajtrum  effi  flalaFliticum^  atqve  partimad  pr«cedentem  fpe- 
cieqi  lomam  elTe  refereadum ,  partim  ad  banc  defcriptam, 
qvo  fundamento  ahbnftra  inter  ftaUFlitar  a  plurlmis  miaera- 
logis  cffe  nupcr  receptas  conifpicirous ,  fed  hac  de  re  no- 
ftram  iadicavimus  rententiam  loco  uuper  citato  $.  ^5. 

14.  STALACTITES  GYPSEUS  ,    textura  fpatbofa.     Sta-  ' 

LACTiTEs  GYPsEo  spathosus.  Spec.  421. 

Stala£tites  gypfeus  9  textura  fpatbofa.  Cronstedt.  ao.  a. 
Stala£lites  gypfeo  fpaibofus  folidus.  v.  Linn*..i84.  6. 

Sveth.     Spatartig     gypsdrappsten.     Spatartio 

GYPSSINTER 

Gall.  Stalactite  gypseux  d*un  tissu  spatIeux 
Germ.  Spatartiger  gypstropfstein.     Spatarti- 

GER  GYPSSINTER 

Ab  iqva  gypfum  folutum  tencntc,  per  cryftallifatio- 
iicm  qvandara  ,  fub  coagulatione  videtur  ortus; 

Ca)  Stalactites  gypseo  spathosus,  jjgt/ra  arnica. 
Colore  albo  &  flavefccnte.      Trepano  in  Sicilia. 
Cb)  Stalactites  gypseo  spaThosus^  Jigura  indttef" 
minata.     Stollhr^et  in  Dalecartia. 

(C)  PORI  AQVEI  Maegacei.  Tophi. 
Sveth.  Ducksten,    Sediment 
Gall.  TuF.     Depot  de  l'eau 
Germ    Duckstein.     Tophstein. 

15.  TOPHUS  fiifibUis  ^  terreftris^  aqva  fmplici  generatus. 
Lapis  aqveus.  Spec.   42a. 

Tophus  calcareus  lehetum.    v.  Linnc.    I8S*  !?• 
Sveth.  Wattensten.     Kittelsten 
Gall.  Residu.     Depot  de  l'eau 
Germ.  Kesselstein.     Wasserstein 

Eft    lapis    inollior    feu    terra   grifea    cruftacea,   qva 
tb    aqva   etiiiin   purillima  ,   live    motu    five  >  coQura   five 

alio 


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t^  (  o  )  K|  393 

alto  mode  producitur  &  in  fundo  vafis  dcponitur ;  plcrum- 
qve  fua  indole  mixta ,  nifi  aqva  purior  fuerit ,  Temper  ta* 
men  fufibiUs  &  qvidem  plerumqve  in  vitmm  pelluci* 
dum* 

Ohf.  Duplex  eft  terra  qvae  ab  aqva  obtiaetur;  Una  qvs  orl* 
ginem  habet  a  particuUs  terreftrlbus  qvas  aqva  vel  folutas 
contlnet ,  vel  alio  modo  immixtas  habet,  Interdum  argilkcca^ 
Jnterdum  c^lcarea  interdum gypfofa  indolis  &c.  qvas  flueas 
fecum  vehit ,  in  qviete  autem  deponit ;  altera  eft  qvae  origi- 
nem  hibet  ab  ipfii  aqva  puriffima^  nexu  particularum  aqvea* 
rum  in  fe  duriffimarum  mutaco.  Haec  merito  a  chemicis  vo* 
eatur  terra  virgihba,  qvs  eft  alba  »  acidis  minerali- 
bus  folubilis,  fimul  vero  i^oe  leviteriu  vitrum  pellucidnm 
fufibiUs.  cfr.  AH  Stoekb,  l^oL  XXI I.  p,  59.  Vc.  Mutabi- 
lis  eft  aqva  in  terram  rsij  Arte  ,  idqve  vel  tritur«tione  vel 
conqvanatioiie  veldeftillatione  etiamcentiesreperita,vel  pu- 
trcfaaione ,  qva  limpidiffima  aqva  qvieta  &  tefta  radiisqve 
oppofita  folaribust  c^eodit  primum  obfcuram  qvandamtur- 
bationem,  deindemucum  viridem,  tandemqve  terram  ad  tun- 
dnm  depofitam.  Cb)  Natura  autem  aqvam  in  terram  coO- 
vertit,  velfoiifcWfwiecufD  aliiscorporibus,  vel  motu  ac 
attritu  aqvarum  ad  alia  corpora  dura ,  qvo  modo  crufta  la* 
pidibus  littotalibus  adherens  formatur  a  fpuma ;  vel  eircu" 
latitme  aqvarum  ac  motu  in  vegetabilibus  &  animalibu3» 
vel  deniq  ve  putrefaBme  &  ftagnationd  to  ftagnis  &  paludi*- 
bus.    Haec  omnia  uberlus  in  chemia  phyfica  exponuntur. 

i5.  TOPHUS  fufibiUs^  terrefiris,  diverjtmode   mixtus^  ab 
aqva  fluviatili ,  pofi  inundationes  ^  vel  alio  modo  ^   de-- 

pofitUS.     SediMENTUM  AqUARUM    FLUENT'iUM^      Sp. 
Svcth.    GlOTTlA.         QVARLENNAD      GiStTIA     BPTER 

strSmwattbn 
GalL  Depot   db    l'bait  db  rivibre*  Depot  aprbs 

LES   mONDATIONS 

Germ.  Sumpfrrde.  Nach  CIbbrschwemmukgen  der 
pLlissB  zurQckgbbuebenb  erdb 

Hie  tophus  eft  maxime  variabilis ,  pro  diverfitate 
terras  qvam  aqvae  qviefcentes  deponunt  ,  utpluriraura 
vero    argillaceus^   mixtus   interdum   cum    terra    humacea^ 

B  b  5  inter- 


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I 

394  t^<<»')^ 

interdnm  cum  ruhtili  arena ,  interdam  cnm  €dUarea  tett^ 
&  fie  porro.  Hue  percinet  fedimentum  Nili ,  argiUaceo 
bumofumy  qvod  defcripfimat  Spec.  J(f^  UU  c.  inter  argil- 
las. 

17*  TOPHUS  foliduSy  margaceus^  fub  aqua  minus  vd  nan 

fluenie^   depo/Ua  materid  cmcretus.     Tophu«    polt- 

MORPHus,  5pec.  424. 

Tophus  glareofo  argiUaceus  polynmpbus.  v.  Linh£.  186. 

I. 
Mar^a  indurata  anwrpba.  C&pnstedT.  2$.  A» 

PoruS.  'NONNULLORUM. 

SvetK  DucKSTBK^     Malreko&«     NACKSBEceD 

<5aU.  Tup 

Genn«  TitphiteIh^    Kattwaokb 

Eft  lapis  mat^accus  vel  calcarcus^  levis  &  friabilit 
aliqvando  porofus^  interdom  folidus  durior,  colore  diveifus^ 
cum  acidis  effervefcens,  figura  mire  ludcns,  a  particolis  £bf» 
filibus  aqva  fiuciite  detritis ,  qvat  qviefcens  vel  minus  mo* 
bilis  deponit^ 

(a)  Tophus  polymorprus  ,  albus^ 
Nycopia  in  Sudemumnia.     JVaxna  in  Qtrdia^ 

(b)  Tophus  polymorphus  ,  grifeus* 
Angermanma.    Scania.    Norrkopia^ 

(c)  Tophus  polymorphus^  mgrefcms. 

Hie  probabiliter  lis  eflbrmatur  locis ,  ubi  ferrum  aqoa 
huaina  conrofum  lattt,  qvod  ,  particulis  detritis, 
tophaceas  terras  immixtum  fuit ;  notom  namqve ,  ^vem* 
admodum  &  itt  antecedentibus  eirca  molybdanani  ob- 
fervatiooibus  indicavimus ,  feh'um  hac  ratione  ,  qvem- 
admodum  &  in  aqw  forti  motari  in  fubftantiam  wuh 
lybdena  fimilem.  Hinc^  hujusmodi  topho,  qvi  in 
Fennonia  reperitur ,  eodcm  fere  modo  ut  cum  mofyb^ 
dona  J  pingi  poteft» 

Okf. 

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•H  (  o  )  >^  S9f 

Okf.  I.  Tn  fetpeet\^  »d  ftruaoram  &  llgaram  veft  bio  tophus  pa^ 
,,  lymorpbui  nuxiflie  &  ttre  in  icfiimua  varitbilis.    Dacur 
ctepim ,  pofofks^  fiftulofus^  orbicularis  aut  mumjm^lis  ^  sosa* 
cusj  columnariSf  fyuratus  modo  diverfiffiiDO. 

Obf,  0.  Hujusmodi  topii  nonplfi  humilioribua  loeis  feperitui- 
tur,  (9pe  cum  mujco  ^  pramue  vel  alia  wgatabiUum  part* 
imiiuxra  aut  deftrufta,  vefttgium  fiii  ccUoqvente,  interdum  & 
com  t^accis  corporibugmixti. 

18.  TOPHUS /fi/ZMZxx  ,  flavo  fufcus  ^  Jigura  globultsri  vel 
columnari,  in  fegmenta  fpatbo  calcareo  divijus.  Ludus 
Hklmontii.  spec*  425. 

L^idus  Paracelfi.  Nonnullorum^ 
Septarue.  Nonnullorum. 

Sveth.  Ludus  uslmontii 

Gall.    IBU    DB    HBLMONT 

Germ,  hblmonts  Spibl 

Eft  tophus  divaffo  magnitudinii ,  colore  flavo  fofco, 
forma  ntplurimum  globular!  plus  minus  comprefla  vel  co* 
lumnari\  venulis  fplthofis  ,  grifeis  ,  albis  vel  fiavefcon* 
tibus^  fupra  reliqvum  lapidem  elevatis  &  ad  interiora  pe- 
Betrantibus  ^  ortiatus  ,  unde  qvafi  in  plura  fegmenta  divifus 
^pparet ;  plurimis  .&  in  locis  crufta  fpathacea  flavefccnte 
nitcnte  veftitus  ^  rafura  &  pulverifatione  pulverem  dat  gri- 
feom  ;  calcinatimt  diinidium  ponderis  perdit ;  fujione  in  vi* 
trum  nigrum  foHdnm  funditur ;  ab  aqva  fcfti  magna  cum* 
e£Fervefcentia ,  bullulis  &  famo  folvitur  ,  fohUione  iBavo  fu« 
fca ,  ctti  dum  ottum  tartari  p.  d*  inftillatur ,  nuUua  ab 
eodem  <xcitatur  motus,  undo  patet  aciditateni  efle  £ra£tamy 
fed  &ui/u/^  formantur ,  a  qvibus^  mirabili  fpeSacuIo^  for* 
inantur.^to7i€»^tf,  qvas  fuhdo  &  lateribus  vafis  fiunt  adhai- 
rcntia ,  qvafi  teltd  aramatum  paulo  craiSores  &  nigrefcentes. 
Merito  itaqve  ludi  nomen  hie  lapis  obtinuit.  MidUfix  in 
jinglia.    Lotbmngia.    Italia^ . 

Obf,   A  nonoullis  coonumeratur  h!c  lapis  ad  Utboglyphos  la- 
fides ^  Ted  ut  faujiia  mlrabilig  naturae*  yix  alius  in  natura« 

qvan- 


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395  Ib^  C  o  )  «f 

Sfvantum  mibi  hotum,  reperitur  lapis,  Qvl  banc  fculpturaiB 
ufciperet ;  pr^terea  &  peculiar  &  miraejuedem  indoles,  see 
non  firus  in  ftratis  argitlacett ,  ubi  Jlalagmita  (k  cruftdcea  fi- 
mul  reperinntur  fepulta«  fvadent  ut  hunc  lapidem  a  licho* 
glyphis  feparemus,  eund<sm  itaqve  ut  peculiarem  tofbum 
efle  confideranduai  exillimaviaius  ,  licet  nobis  adhuc  igao- 
tum  q-vibui  materialibui  fit  compofitus* 

19.  TOPHUS  margaceus  ^  conis  twhinatiSy  mvltiplici  cor^ 
tki  concentrico  praditis ,  calcateB  lapidi ,  extrinfece  ple^ 
fumqve   undulato   immerjts.       Tophus    turbinatus^ 

Spec.  416* 

Topbm  calcareus  turbinatus  ^  mulUcortieiUns  y  interne  int'- 

bricatus.    v.  Linn^.    190*  ig. 
'Stalactites  conis  concretis  excavatis*   Cronstedt.  $•  12. 

d. 

Sveth.    DirCKSTEN   AS  UTGROPTB  SAMMANHiaNGANDB 

iJaOLOR 
Call.    TUF      V    VIS       ASSEMfiLAGB      I>B        CORPS     CONI- 

QV£S 

Cerm.  Tuphstein  von  ausgeuSlten  kogeln  zusam* 

Jd^NGESETZT. 

Lapis  hie  extrinfece  diffbrmis ,  pneterqvam  qvod  in 
peripheria  picrumqve  undulatus  appareat,  difiraftos  veroin 
bina  ftrata ,  confpiciuntur  in  fuperiori  ftrato  numerofifflini 
coni  juxta  fe  invicem  pofiti,  qvi  mnltiplici  cortice  prsdi* 
ti ,  qvovis  tamcn  cortice  verfus  centrum  breviorc  ,  un- 
tie qvafi  fcalares  coni  apparent ,  feu ,  velut  compofiti  conir 
papyro  fadis  ^  uno  in  alterum  fucceffive  ita  intrufo,  ut  ex- 
tremitas  leu  apex  interioris  ultra  apicem  exterioris  promi, 
neat;  in  inferiori ftrato  coni  apparent  vacui  &  excavati,qvi 
conis  defcriptis  refpondent  &  eosdem  tn  fe  recipiunt.  //e/-' 
fingbcrg  in  ftrato  terreflri  inter  Gerarps  Mbllan  6f  Landscro* 
na.  Hujus  lapidis  figura  conipicimr  Fig.  95*  Tab.  ida. 
vbi  litera  A  fuperius  indicat  fcratum  fuis  cum  conis,  lite- 
ffa  B  inferius  ftratum  cum  correfpondencibus  conis  vacuis^ 

Oif. 

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Ohf.  Heic  prias  in  regno  nwoewili  yhc  obferv;atam  deprehendf- 
mus  ftrufturam,  magis  miraudam  qvam  in  ooUtbis.  Qva 
racioae  hie  tophus  a  natura  produdus,  ci  vix  poteft,  a 
vero  tamen  non  oiultum  me  difcedere  exiftimavenm  ,  fi  di- 
xerim  hos  conos,  per  motuin  iutrinfecum,  fermencacioQi  a-> 
nalo^um, .  eflfa  produdtos.  Retulit  mlhi  Cbm.  Ad\^  Upjl  &* 
Laborator  Tidstkom  in  nonnuUis  radicibus  arborum  C% 
eaodem  obfecvaffe  (Irufturam  t'oliaceaiD,conicaai. 

(D)   FORI     AQVEI    ARBNACBI.         T01?HUS    AaBNAr 

aius 
Sveth.  Saihjartio  DUCKsxfiNr 
Gall.  Tap  sabloneux 
Germ.  Sandartiger  tophspein 

%6.  TOPHUS  ARENARIUS,  particulis  arendceis  cmcre* 
tU5.     Tophus   arknarius.  Spec.  427, 

StalaStites  arenaceus,  Gwettarc  Mem^  Par.  17 S4- 
Sveth.  SandartiG  ducksten 

Gall.    TUF     SABLONEUX^         CONCRETIONS      SABLONEU- 
SHS 

Cerm«  Sandarticbr  tophstein 

Efl  hie  lapis  ab  arenacels  particulis  vel  folitarlis  vel 
•urn  alia  materia  terreftri  mixtis,  ab  aqva  fegnius  mota 
vel  qviefcente  depofitis  ortus  &  conglutinatus ,  tarn  colore 
qvam  figura  divrerfus  ia  mbntibus  arenariis  vel  eorundem  vi« 
ciniis  obvius. 

(a)  Tophus  ARENA Rius>  absqve  fenfibili  gltaine. 
Minimis   particulis    arenaceis    conftat   inter  k  junQis 
absqve  confplcuo  glutine* 

(T>)  Tophus  arbnarius,  glutine  argUlaceo  concretus. 

Conftat  arena  &  argilla ,  qva  particulas  arenacese  con* 

glutinatae  Apparent.  Etampcs  in  Gallia. 
(c)  Tophus  arknarius,  glutine  ocbraceo  concrttus. 
Eft  pleruraqve  flavefcente  cok>rc  ,    conllans    arena  & 

ocbraferri  arenaccas  particulas  connedcnte.      Ad  aa* 

dulas  obvius*  Tjfiad  in  Scania. 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


39t  ><    C  o  )  Kj 

1-147* 
Or  do  2dm. 

PETRIFiCATA. 

AAneralia  Icarvata.     Crohstbdt*  2%o. 

Sveth.  Stbhwandlikcar..  Peteificater 

Gall.  Pbtrifications 

Germ.  Verstbihrrtb  kSrper.  .  Pbt^ificatbi? 
Sunt  corpora  peregrina,  vegetabilfa^  animalia  aut  eo- 
rundem  partes,  qvas  in  locis  fubterraneis  inveniuntur  in 
terram,  lapidetn  aut  tnineram  qvandam  mutata ,  falva  ma- 
nente  ftruQura  organica ,  vel ,  fua  faltem  veftigia  in  la- 
pidibus  impreflk  reliqvcrunt  ,  vel  alio  mo  do  routata  re« 
periuntur. 

Ob[.  I.  Propria  &  ftrifte  loqvtndo  noo  alia  corpora  ad  petri- 
.Rcataeflent  connuraerandi,  qvam  corpora  organica*  ve^^- 
tabilia,  aoimalla  aut  eoruodem  partes,  qvcreipra  in  hpidem 
fuQC  mutata.  Sed  ut  corpora  b«c  organica  in  locis  (Ubterra** 
Deis  non  raro  etiam  reperiuntur  in  terfam  vel  mineram  mu- 
tata «  vapore  qvodam  mineral]  penetrata ;  interdum  &  q vat 
funt  dellruda,  fed  ante  deftrodioneni  vejligis  &  indicia  Toaf 
praefentis  in  lapidibuui  impreila  relinqverunt,  vel  &  nueUum 
folum  tefta  deftniftii;  aliqrando  &  nonnifi  parum  mutata; 
diverfs,  bine  elucet,  efle  indolis  corpora  ^egrioa  qv2  Ten- 
fli  latiori  ad  peCrificata  connumerari  foleot  Ineo  tameohaec 
omnia  conventunt,  qvod  fiot  in  regno  minerali,  ubi  recondi- 
la  in veniuncnr,  corpora  omnino  peregrina,  qvae  &  fua  pr«* 
fencia  ad  exiftentlam  vel  figuram  corporum  fiDffilium  aliqva 
contribuenmc  modo,  vel  occalionem  (kltem  prxboerunt 

Obf.  a.  GenuinuB  petrificatun »  perfefta  debet  efle  JymmetrU 
cotporii  cfgmdcu  Cm,  perfeAa  fimilitodine  cum  original!; 
debet  q voq ve  dam  chemiee  examinatur »  p«:  deftiUationem 
vel  calcinationem^relioqvere  qvsdam  veftigia  priftini  ftatus; 
hoc  eft,  urinofum  qvoddam/v  aut  piUpna^  (i  a  regno aui* 
mali  fiierit ,  aeidum  yero  pblegma  fi  a  regno  vegecabili  fue* 
rit,  hoc  eft,  eadam  nobis  offerrc  principia ,  ^y«  illia  corpo- 
ribva  confveta  funt 


$.  MB* 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


$.    148- 

1.  PETRIFICATA  VEGETABI- 

LIA.  PhYTOUTHL  Gem  62. 

Sveth.  Stbnwandlade  waxtbh 
Call.  Petrifications  vbgbtalbs 
Germ.  Vbrstbikerte  cbwjkChsb 
Sunt  corpora  vegekMia  aut  eorundem  partes  ^  in  lo-» 
•IS  fubcecraneis  obvia ,  qvs  in  lapidcm »  terram  aut  mine- 
ram   font   mutata  )  £Uva  manente  ftruQura  organica^  vel 
veftigia  fuft  olim  prsfentiaB  in  terris  vel  lapidibus  reliqve« 
runt,  aut  alicqvocunqve  modo  plus  minus  mutata  repe* 
riuntur4  ' 

Ut  reliqyiae  corporum  vegetabiliura  in  regno  minerall 
€bvi»  ad  diverfam  fuam  indolem  melius  in  apricum  ponan« 
tur  y  neccflum  habemus  haec  petrificata  vegetabilia  in  qvin- 
qvc  genera  inferi&ra  diftingvcrc. 

I  mo,  Vegetabilia  perfe£le^2j&^,  nympbytoUtbiy^ 
cantur. 

ado.  Vegetabilia  qvs  fuam  folum  figuram  lapidibus 
imprefiam  reliqverunt,  qv8  ideo  pbyt9typoUtbi  appeUan- 
tur» 

3tio.  Vegeubilu  in  terram  muuta ;  qv«  vegetMia 
terrificata  vocantur^ 

4to.  Vegetabilia  mimralibus  aut  metatlicis  particuU» 
impra^^ata  y  qvs  vegetabilia  mineralifata  nuncupantur. 

5  to.  Vegetabilia  par  urn  aut  nihil  mutata,  in  locisfub- 
terraneis  fepulta,  qvae  vegetabilia  indurata  appellari  poflunt^ 
rel  ligna  foffUia^ 

(A)    PETRIFICATA    VEGETABILIA.       PhytOi.i- 

TUI 
Sveth.   STBHlPlTANDLADa   ORTBR  ^    sllbr  vegbta- 
BILISa.      PBXRlFlCBEAOfi  VBGBTABlUBR 

GaU. 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


40O  tW  (  o  )  Kj 

GalU  Petrifications  veoetai*?s 
Germ^  Versteinerte  gewachsb 

Sunt  vcgetabilia  inprimis  duriora  &  ficciora^  tut' eo« 
rundem  partes  qvs  reipfa  in  lapideain  duritiem  &  indolem 
func  mutaca ,  terramqve  afTumferunt  alibi  caUaream  ,  alibi 
cotaceam^  zXibi  Jiliceam  vcl  acbatinam^  alibi  ychy/o/iw,  nun- 
quam.  non  de  natura  lapidis,  in  qvo  hofpitant ,  participare 
fo.ent^ 

1.  PETRIFICATA  VEGETABILU^fareWf.   Piakta 
pktrificata.  %^-4tg^ 

Phytolithus  plantiff.  v*  Link*.  iTi.  t/ 

Sveth.  StenwandM.de  orter 
GalL  PhytolithES  ou  plantes  pbtrifi^es     ! ,      ^ 
Gerni.  Versteinerte  pflanzen 

Sunt  duriorcs  Si  ficciores ,   gramina  i  tut  fungi  raro 

'  i^ias^  y   qvs  vel  in  llratis  fchiftojis  ,    vel  in  aliis  lapidibus 

durioribus  inclufss ,   in  lapidcam  duritiem  ^  fcbiftofam  ^  ra^* 

ro  Jiliceam  aut  acbatinam  funt  mutates.  Walch«  St.  R.  Tah. 

XXIL  Nro,  /,  2. 

Ohfi  u  Ab  hac  general]  defcrlptione  patet,  noshuc  (imul  re* 
tierre  lapides  duriorcs ,  qvi  ioclufa  habent  Vegetabilia «  pU* 
rumqve  petrificata ,  qyarzofit^Jtliceof^  acbatinos  ^  qvoruin 
mentio  antea  a  nobis  &  ab  aliis  lithographis  eft  fafta ;  hue 
Itaqve  pertinent  Mchata  qvns  in  Surrat  in  OftindsM  repcrlrl 
indicavit  Rumrfius  in  jimb.  Rar,  Ram.  cum  incltifis  ve- 
getabiliura  partibus.  Si  placet,  buc&connumerari  poffuntvf- 

5'etabHU  incru/latdy  qvorum  mentionem  fecimus  ^pec,  41  ^ 
it.  a.  ObJ.  licet  rigorofeloqveodo,  non  ut  perfeae  pctri* 
caca,  faltem  non  ubivis,  confiderari  poffint »  ubi  fere  immu* 
tabilia  intra  fuam  cruftam  reperiuntur. 

Obf.  8.  Penes  lithographos  maj^nus  horum  petrificatorum  re* 
peritur  numerug.  Scheuchzbr  in  Orycbfog.  Heh.  nee  non' 
in  Herif.  Biluv.  ultra  600.  fpeciei  enuineravit  >  fed  exifti- 
mamuspaucos  ab  ilsdeia  ad  banc  fpeciem  feu  vere  petrifica- 
ta  connumerari  potTe;  maxlmam  partem  ad  pbytoupolithm 
aliqvam  &  ad  denirita  vel  ad  reliqvas  a  nobis  indica* 
taa  fubdivifiones  eile  conaumetaDdan »  opinamur.      Rite 

•       In- 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ  IC 


iiiftitiitb  e2ilc\)Io,  torfiad  noQtitfl  feqlr^ntes  hue  petttn^ntf 
licet  de  nonaulUs.ab  iisdem  adhuc  dubn  fimu8«  jlpiuni 
montanum^  Uubonium  montanum^  h^ilifei^  Fumaria^  Eqviji* 
turn  ^  Foenicalum  yuij^&re  ^  Cramin^^  Gallium  alburri  ^  Het^ 
niaria^  Jacnt^a  ^  Jylujct  ^  Myrrhifi  Rubia^  Siliqvajtrunt  i 
Scorpioider^  Osmunia  &Ca  later  bos  vero  Ftims  dt  grand* 
M  fuat  ft«9veuciora. 

0*7:3.  Pctriftcatto  Vcg^tabUiurt  to  forraii  ^  fiaturi  pdrficituf 
modo,  quod  aqya,  ad  hsc  cotpora  ,  in  fubtemoete  loci^ 
Gifii  qvodam  iepulta.»  adflueoce,  foLTantur  &  ^crahintuf 
particular  fallnse  •  gummorae  &  refmofe,  remafiente  (blum 
textura  dbro£a  magis  t^treftri ;  harum  partium  locum  Vacuum 
reliftoni)  occupat  tena  mlneralis  mediante  aqua  adfluenttf 
&  peaetrante,  qvae  io  eadefll  loca  vacua  deponitiir,  uod^ 
faAa  ex&ccatioae,  lapis  provenit  firuftura  v^etabill,  Hiac, 
per  it  patet ,  vegetabilia  molliora  &  magts  bumida,  q V£  pu- 
trefaftioBi  obaoxia,  banc  traosmutationem  fubire  non  pofle. 

»^  PETRIFICATA   VEGETABlLlA  arborum.      Litho- 
xYLA.  spec.  429* 

Stelecbites*    Nonhullorum*    DendrolUbet^ 
Pbytolitbus,  TryncL     v,  Linn^.  171.  4. 

Sveth.    StENWANDLAT    TRA^        f BTRIPICfiaAt    tKM 

Gall.  LiTHoxYLBs  ou  Bois  PBTRiPieBS*     Stblechi- 

TBS.       DeNDHQLITHES 

Gcrm»  VfiRSTBiKTBS  H01.2 

Sunt  aut  integfse  arbore^  ctiin  jradicibtil  &t  rtttnU^ 
aut  trunci  vel  fragmenca  ^rborum  *in  lapidem  calcareum^ 
cotaceum^  filicuim  vel  acbatiHum  mutata,  textura  tameil 
organica  falva,  cum  fibris  &  annulis  annuariis^  aliis- 
qvc  indiciis  corporis  vegetabilis  feu  ligtii*  igne  noii 
accendt  nee  cultro  fcihdi  poflunt^'  potius  ad  ehalybem 
fcintillant ,  vel  cum  aqua  forti  effervefcunt^ 

Ca)  LiTHOXTLOK  Megr^  arb^ris. 

Rariiftmp  integral  arbofes  cum  fatffis    k  H6k\htii  pt- 

trifi  catfie  '.  invcniuntur  i     rcpertl  ;  tameti    eft    fa^us  i 

unde  cotes  prssparari  potuerunt^    in  valk  ^odchinis* 

tbal     in  Mobisniu  ad   80  pectiearum  ptoltonditatem  ^ 

Tm.II.  C€  tit 


Digitized  by 


Google 


409  »  C  o  )  ^ 

lit  reftnttt  Osimnivt  dc  Rg.  Ltf^  &  Albimvi  ia 
Qrron.  Ibi  &  reperu  fuercus  petrificaU,  cum  n- 
dicibus  &  r«iiiis  ad  150  perticanim  proAindiutem. 
In  Misnia  fagus  rcpertos  ad  180  ulnanim  profundi* 
tatcm  Balbihui  ia  Mif^  Hift^  R^  Bobm^  Epbenu 
N.  C.  Dec*  L  aiu  a.  obT.  78*  Lbibviz  in  Protege 
p.  %o.  ASt^  Pari/.  1752.  P«  hQp 

(b)  LiTHOZTLOK  TrunQi.    Lighcm  Petripicatun. 

Sunt  fhiftttla  i  truncis  arborum  abropta,  majora  vel 
minora  in  lapidem  mu^ta^  in  qvibus  tamcn  fibrae, 
annuli)  nodi,  aliqvando  &  cortex  obfervari  pof- 
funt.  Reperiuntur  inHibernia  ad  Lougnugb;  in  Hel- 
vetia  diveriid  locis,  Lemberg  in  Polonia'j  Chemnitz  & 
GishAbel  in  Saxonia^  Coburg  in  Hajfia\  Marieberg  in 
Hildesbttm  y  i  Norimberga  &  alibi  in  Gtrmanuit  ace 
non  Landsbut  in  SiUjia. 

Obf.   Petrifieata  ligoa  ftme  obfenrata; 
Abietis  qyc4  vocacur  BlatiteI 
4M    -       -^       •       Clethrites 

^IW/    -  •  -  AGAX.LOCHITfii 

Cotyli  ^         -  •         COHYLrTEi 

jr^^'   «       •       •       FHEGXTsa 
Fraxim        •        -       Melitbs 

X^tfttTf  -  •  •  DAPHNITEf 

Laricit       '•>       •       Lakicitbs 

Jlfoff    •  •  •  MORICITES 

Orni   •       -        -       OsTBiTEf 
Pirn    .       ^       •       Peucites 
.    ,       Qyereui      •       *       Drtitbs        *^ 

SantaU        «       *        Saktalites 

'^TtlSM^  •  •  PHXLIRITES. 

Hog  lapfdes  defcripferaot  Conr.  Oesher  de  L^.  ft  tSdam. 
fig*  p*  las.    Ferrakd.  Imperat.  At^  N.  p.  75**  &c. 

^  '^x.GXMAV  \nJiU£.fibt.  p.  10^114. 11U&  plorUim  figurs 
confpid  poflhnt  Tab.  VII.  VIII.  IX.  X.-  Spada  in  CttuL 
Mylivs  in  Set.  Sabt.  p.  84.    Helwimg  in  JUtbargr.  An- 

{erh.  p.  41.    Scubuchzbr  in  Hitb.  Dihn.  p.  41.    Baibr 
II  Or,  N^r.  p.  ^i,  P'Aaqbmtix.u ia  (kffbt^L  *gr^ 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


^c)  LiTapxYLon  Ugni  fabrefaStL 

Exemphi  proftant  k  manubriis  mallewrum  '  alioroinqve 
inftrttmtntorun) ,  nee  noii  ab  inftrumentis  agncuU 
tura  olim  dcftinatis,  in  laptdeam  indalem  mutatis^ 
cfir.  AoaicoLA  de  Naiura  earum  pm  ex  terra  ef- 
fiuuni.  Bagliv.  d«  yeget.  Lapid.  Hblvihgs 
Litb.  Angerb.  p.  41.  Tab.  2.  /♦  6.  MemQire  fopra 
la  Rfica  k  Storis  Naturale.  T.  h  p.  iia. 

Oif.  t.  Dam  originate  noa  exafte  eognofd  potelt,  fotet  turn 
liganiD  Cale  lapideam  vocari  genertli  uomlne  Lttiexylon  ^ 
atq  ve  dum  porofum  tepeiitur  &  qvafi  txeftoBiappeUAtur  Ly* 
tioxybm  tmaiforum. 

Oif.  •«  Nemo  credit  omaes  Upidcs,  qvos,  fub  IHhoxylt  no* 
mine  defcribonc  Uthopefhi  or  efycbt^grafM ,  taiia  reipfa  e^- 
ft.  Commemorac  VoLCKMAKin  Sil.  Subt.  P.  I.  df.  IT. 
S*  nC  reperiri  beic  in  SvecUi  td  Poitam  Ceroli.  Cerisbamut 
in  ScMMie^  tub^ylan  eaeiidwm  men  Infttr  t^leodeos,  fde*j* 
qve  ab  Aldrovando  In  M^.  MeeelL  L,  f.  p.  $6.  drgy- 
roplitem  vocacum,  auod  Kvndman  ia  Prompt.  R.  Net.  p. 
a4i«  Nra  07.  conftrmat,  fimul  aflerens  Ibi  freqveos  eue. 
Sed  dolendom ,  qvod  adeo  bcile  (e  decipl  pa(Q  fint  plori- 
mi  litbograpbi  magis  ad  eztdnTeGa  qvam  inttiafeca  refpl- 
cient^;  nullum  namqve  tale  Udioxy lent  qvaotum  mibi 
aocum,  ne  qvidem  in  tota  Sveda,  imo  vix  in  toto  terra- 
fum  orbe  eft  repertum.  Qu«  pro  Utboxylis  babentur,  fliaf, 
ni  valde  faUor,  fruQula  lapldfai  efcneteo  mitacm  friete  feu 
fibrofa  abarenario  monte  inScania>  fieparttai  qvem  arena* 
rium  ,lipidem  Claffl  a.  inter  lelinvoe  lapidea  aiecarioa  de* 
fcripfimus.  Eadem  eft  ratio  plunum  aliorum  lapidum  inter 
Uthoxyia  Connumerttomm.  Reperiuntur  fixojk  froftola^ 
nee  non  qverzojk  ab  ateis  &  pluviarum  injuriis  ita  exeCi 
&  mucata  ut  ftipitia  ligni  faciem  prs  fe  ferant,  qvalia  non 
raro  dantur.Occurrunt  avoquefttces  comet  facie  externa  fru- 
ftulis  ligai  omnino  fimiies  dt  qvau  fibrofi,  qvales  k  litore 
merit  CefpU  poflideo ,  qvibua  vero  fradif  in  iladem  nil  Difi 
folida  iiHcei  conOpici  poteft  textcra.  D^ntVLt  miUepora  fofft- 
Jeff  qv»  tept  pro  Ikloxylo  habentun  Hi  aliique  fimiliter 
llgurati  lapidea  neqvaqnam  cum  Uthoxylii  genuinis,  qyae 
func  raxioin,  confundendi^  fed  probe  ab  iiadem  diftingvendi. 

Obf.  3.   Modum  artificialiter  Ugna  pettifeendi  tradidit  Kbnt- 
MAK  In  /ifemetui.  JR.  F,  p.  39-  feUiceti  eadem  cum  lufuh 

C  c  2  foi* 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


'404  tX  (  0  )  «J 

fortiter  &  bene  decoqvendo,  deiade  arena  aut  ghrea  pep- 
triennium  in cellariis  obruendo ;  Blbgn y  in Zod. Med, Gilt, 
ann,  a.  menf,  fept.  ohf,  a.  aliura  indicavit  modum  ligna  pe- 
trificandi  mediaate  mixtura  a  fak  gemma  ^  ahmine^  pulvere 
/ilicumj  cake  exfiinHa  &  aceto  alho  ^  ana  feu  partibus  ae- 
qvalibus  coropolita,  in  qva  corpora  petrificaada  funt  Tepe- 
lienda.  Alium  porro  docuit  modum  Boy  lb  in  Exetc.  %da 
de  UtiL  ^  Frafl,  Phil,  A'at,  niediante  alabajho  rec^nter 
calcinato,  cum  aqva  deiade  mifceudo,  in  qva  mixtura 
corpora  petrificand^  funt  immergenda.  Sed  v.  bromel  ia 
Lith,  Svec,  Spec.  2.  Cap.  I.  §.  iii.  tatetur,  fibi  ha;c  ex- 
perimenta  non  lucceflifle,  licet  faepius  fine  repetita. 

3,  PETRIFICATA   VEGETABIUA ,    radicum   arborum. 

PvHlZOLlTHI.  Spec.    ^30^ 

Phytolitbus  radicis  arboruin.     v.  linnc.    171.     3. 
Svcth.  Stenwandlad  tioth 

Gall.    RlZOLITHE    OU    PvACINE    PETRIFIE^ 

Germ.  Versteinte  Wurzlln 

**^  Sunt  radices  arborura  vel  plantarum  petrificatsc, 
plerumqve  in  achatinam  duriticm  inutatae ,  qvae  veto , 
qvum  utplurimum  geqvali  fere  fint  ftruftura,  nonnullai 
&  aeqvali  cum  ipfo  ligno,  difficulter  ab  invicem  vcl 
ligni  fruftulis  diftingvi  poflunt,  unde  &  difficulter  dici 
poteft,  k  qva  fint  arbore.  Repertse  funt  in  Helvetia  & 
alibi.  Videatur  Ferr.  Imperati  H.  N.  LXXIV.  p. 
758-  Langu  Hift.  Lap.  Tab.  XIT.  Besler  in  Muf^ 
D'Argenville  in  OrychtoU  Helwing  in  Lith.  Angerb. 

ObJ]  I,  De  lignls  &  radicibus  lignofis  In  lapidem  mutatis » 
pecuUarem  edidit  tradtatum  Franc.  Stblluti  'I'rartato 
de  Ligno  Foffiie  minerale:  qvi  in  latinam  lingvam  transla- 
tus  occurric  in  Epb,  M.  C,  Dec,  t,  Ann,  j.  Append, 

Obf.  fi*  OJieoeollam ,   qvam  olim  ad  banc  Specieni  retullmus,; 
intet  JiakBitas  Spec,  314,  defcripfimus,  quum  nou  lit  radiX" 
petriticata,  fed  coucretum  qvoddam  circa  radices  tormatum.*  1 

4,  PETRIFICATA    VEGETABIUA    caulis    Plantaruml 

LiTuocALAMl.  Spec.  4314' 

~         Svcth/   ' 


Digitized  by 


Google 


^  C  o  )  Kj  405 

Sveth.  StEKwandlad  stiblke  bllb^  haLM 

GaM.    LiTHOCALAMB    Oir  TIGBS    PBTRlFieES 

Cerra.  Versxbiwte  Stbncbl 

Eft  caulis  vel  pulmus  plantaruni,  grtminum  vel  ce« 
Tealium  in  lapidem  muutus.  Exempla  hujus  petrification 
nis  funt  reperta  k  culmo  feu  fbramm  petrificato,  nee 
non  caule  arundinis ,  qvae  fchifto  inhasrent.  VoLckmam 
in  ^il.  Subt.  Tab.  XIlI.  f^  7.  Schbuchzer  Herb.  Dil. 
Tab.  III.  fig-  IV- 

Obf,  Commemorat  Maraldi  in  A&.  Parif.  1699.  te  repe^ 
riiffe  non  qvidem  i>etrificato8  Ted  exficcatos  culmoa^  fti« 
pults  &  folia  olsva  in  lapide  fciftofo  albidi  coloris. 

54,PETRIFICATA  VEGETABlLlA /o/iorww^   plantarum 
vel  arborum.     Lithophylla.  Spec.  43 2« 

LUbobiblia    NoNNULLonim. 
Pbytbolitus  fbliU     v.  Linnc.  171. 
Sveth.  5tbnwaneladb  Blader 

Gall.    LiTHOPHYLLB     OU      FBlXlLLBS      PETRlFI^Et^ 
BlBLIOLlTHB$ 

Germ.  Versteinte  Blatter 

Sunt  folia  arborum  vel  plantanun  petrificata,  rarlo* 
ra;  exempla  tamen  proftant  a  foliis  <Ani^  arundinis  ^ 
nuciSf  qvercm^  tilUs ,  nee  non  aliis  ficcioribus  foliis, 
ill  topbo^  fcbifle  vel  calcareo  lapide,  qvomm  figntm  nul- 
li  non  cognits  efle  po/Tunt,  delineatas  tamen  in  Volck- 
m:anni.,5//.  Subt.  ncc  non  Scheuchzeri  Harb^  Diluv. 
Walch  St.  R.  Tab.  XXL  No.  3. 

Obf.  Qvod  de  Plantis  petrificatfs  monuimuf  (Obf.  9)^  ttlam 
'   l^eic  valet,  fciUcct-»  pleraqve,  gvie  bue  connamerart  fo- 

lenc«  folia «  reipfa  ad  Fbytotypolhba  afle  referenda «    qvum 

eorundem    veiligia  lapldibus    rolum  imprefTa  reperiantur. 

Hujusmodi  effe  Litbobiblia^  av»  defcribit  F.C.  BrUckhah 

in  Tbef,  D.  Btumw.  p.  9a.  ipfa  fatecnr. 

6^  PE TRIFICATA  VEGETABlLlA  fruOuum^  plantanm 
wl  arborum^    Carpolithi.  Spec.  433, 

C  c  }  iper^ 


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40«  ^  (o^  Ki 

SptrmolUU    Konnulloeum 

PbytoUtbus  FruClus.    v^  Link^.  i^i.  7. 

Sveth.  Stbnwakdladb  FaiiCHT£R 

Call.  Carpolitrb  on  Fruiti  pstr Intel 

Germ*  Verstbinte  FrUchtb 

Sunt  FruQus  VegeUbilium  ficcioret   &  doriores    itk 
hpidcaifi  indolem  muUti,  qvi  tamen  rariorei. 

Oif.  u  LicfaographI  plurimof  qvidem  enomeramot  hpidei, 
sruftus  vettubilium  refeieotes,  pauooa  tamen  ab  iiadem 
vere  petrincatot  &  jure  hue  refeiendof  exiftimanras.  Potio- 
res  itaqve,  qv\  maiori  {faudent  probabilitate,  heic  folum  in- 
dicare  volumua*  amy^dMU.  amtgdaloides  Tocatk  U^ 
pides  PiMizenfei.  De  his  Petrificatis  le^i  pofliiat  AOc  Pmis  Ao 
«742-  p.  3r.  All  ION  in  Oryt:yt.  Piinumi.  Davii^a.  Of- 
tal:  Tom.  III.  Tab.  yil.  Sed  daUum  eft  de  his  intra  fuun 
corticem  petrificads  amyg^is,  annoq  lapidea  robftaatia, 
loo  nuclei  intra  corticem  non  petrificatum  barens,  Tuam 
pottus  babeat  ori^inem  ab  aqva  per  rimam  cortids  Tel 
alio  modo  transfudante,  ft  ouieriam  teri^teaa  deponente, 
quam  i  nuclei  petrificatione. 

Glandet  qvercim.    Glahditi  Qverci«I- 

Lano  ii  Hift.  Lap.  fh.  Tab.  X!X,  f.  55-  Volcekan  In 
Stl.  Subterr.  Tab.  XXIII.  4.  5.  ft  Tab.  XXIV.  s- 

FruSlttS  Mytobolm. 

Defcripftt  ft  deplnxlt  Davila  Cat.  Tom.  III.  Tab.  VII. 
M.  m.  cui  fer^  aeqvalem  figuram  fiftit  SwicEnaoRG  ia 
MifeeU.  fig.  L. 

Fru^ux  Ahovai  Iniicu 

Mylifs  in  S.  Subt.  Tab.  IT.  6.  Volckmak  fa  8.  SubK 
Tab.  XXIV.  18.    Schbuchzer  in  H.  D.  Tab.  11.  6. 

^ncii  esftane^g. 

BUttner  R.  D.  f.  101.  tf  218.  Tab.  XyilL  A.  Vaxen- 
TiNi  Muf.  Muf.  T,  II.  19.    Mercati  Metall.  agj. 

Nucif  jugUndis. 

Huius  memmit  r.  Linn<  in  Sy.  N(U.  Edit.  VL  p.  aoa^ 
Nfo.  7. 

Siliquafum  l^  fabarum. 

Scilicet,  Vhajioti  VoLciciifAN  In  SiV.  SnH.  Tab.  XXIII.  t.  ft 
Tab.  XXIV.  II.  17.  ScHtucHEZBR  //.  Dit.  Tab.  Xi.  i. 
LtjfDias  in  'Jch4.  U  Br.  Nro.  1490*  Fab^ 


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'•<  f  •  >  ►^  407 

VAm  iwiitm.  Volcxmah  S.  S.  Tab.  XXIV.  ft^i 

Spies  ioribi,  Mtlxus  Id  Sir.  S«(^.  p.  15*  ▼•  aScHEOCHZEm. 
H.  DiL  Tab.  I.  i.  &  Tab.  V.  4.  SmV^  fecalis^  Luloxc 
JcbfL  L.  Br.  p.  tog.  SpfVif  fritir/.  Wolfart  //.  JV.  Htffl^ 
Tab.  V.  Nro.  6.     SpiVit  <ri/iVi  nn^W^'  DiiViL/k  Cii^.  XI 

SttroM^rwm  vei  tmmmm  fthi  ant  taxi  nd  Metif. 

Conoa  aiietii  deforibit  Schevchzbr.  H.  JHl  Nf9.  403* 
pm  delioeavit  LocHirEit  in  Muf.  Best.  01  &  los.  Tab* 
XXXI.  &  XXXVl.  Alorovandus  ia  MufMetaU.  p.  829. 
VoiicKMAM  in  Si/.  S.  Tab.  XXIL  a*  4*  ^^  hhMQ  m 
H.L.Fii.hifi.Tak.XlX.%. 

Jlffidatwu  ulmi. 

Ublwiwo  Litlu  AngJi.  F.  U.  Mi«  ScRtvcuxm  H.  Dil 
I4ro.  403. 

Otf.2.  CmtefigurMiUp\de§9  earpoliA^  teCertatts,  nee  noQ 
tfp(dHhi  ffuSMwrn  vagetabiliufli  k  petrificads  diftiocireadi. 
FipKrati  iairidta  fact  dupUoes;  Alii  iv^nt  fines  ia  bloribat 
vel  terra  obvii ,  flia  extriofeca  figura  aliqvando  mygdaU  * 
alioyaodo  nrafa^  divas  ^  meUmes^  poma  atnrantU  alioaqvo 
firoaua  refetentea,  qvilei  plorimi  fliot  apud  Lithograpboa 
eoumerati.  Htic  &  mues  auUamt  oonauflaerandai  qvaa  re« 
ceofldt  H£Lx.wiKGa  in  Liti.  Angsssb.  P.  L  p.  %%.  sec  noa 
ejuadeaiA^if,  qvaa  ibidem  defbriblt  Alii  ia  aatrLi  &ca< 
verotaobvilt  tdftakgmtas  lefeffendit  htUmia  mamiemes^  uc^ 
ladleivimiia  Spec  417.  lit.  k 

Pr«terea  foleot  noanulU  hue  referte  q  vcdam  corpora  ndaera* 
lia«  qvae  aliqva  fimilUudine  firuftuum  yegeUbiUum  gaudent, 
reipla  vero  ad  eorpara  teftaua  vel  eoniad^  nusleos  aut  alia 
coipora  petrificau  fuot  referenda.  Hue  perdaet  nux  mo- 
fiata  UpideA^  hujus  mendonem  £aciaat  HELWiNoa  in  Uth. 
Anierb.  p.  37.  MrLiua  in  Sax.  Sutt.  P.  ILp.  74.  Volck- 
MAN  10  %  Suk.  Tab.  XXIT.  6^  Scheuchzer  H.  D. 
Tab.  XUr.  KuNDMAN  R.  AC  V  A.  Ttb.  VIU.  f.  2.  3. 
qram  ad  nucleos  cMnHarim  reCereodam  in  feqventibua 
lodicaQduin.  Noonulioa  lapides  amygdalitas  vocatos  t  ef- 
fe  petrificatas  cowcbas  bivalves  obht^as  lodieavie  Briick- 
MAN  in  Tbej:  Due.  Brimsv.  p.  )4*  Dubitant  ft  noDnulli 
inprimla  Lessbr  io  LHbotb.  L  t^.  P.  T.  Cap.  1.  $•  40^. 
df  nuee  ioftanea  Bvtti«£Ri»  exifiiflMUitea  eandem  referri 
C  c  4  debc- 


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debere  id  Ichttyodfintu^  &  gfle  petrificatom  dentts  molarit 

pi/cii  Sora  vocatu  ^ 

df,  S*  Qvam  de  fpermcUtbii  fcu  femnibtu  vef^itMlium  pe- 
trificads  &  pifolitbii  fovemus  (ententiatn,  iodic^vimus  eir« 
ca  oolhboSi  iocer  ^^^^o/  Spec,  415  defcriptos.  ' 

(B)  PHYTOTYPOLITHU  Typolithi  PLANTAmu» 

Svcth.  Stenar  Aftryckte  Waxter.    Vegeta- 

'%  ^^^''    PHTTOTYrOLITHES     OU   TtPOLITHES    Oil    Em- 

paEmr^s  DEs  Vegetaux 

Germ.  Krauter  -  abdrucke.     Spuhrsteine  von 
KRAutern 

Sunt  terrse  vel  lapidcs,  utplurimum  tophacei  vel 
fchiffqfi^  rarius  calcani^  argillacd  vel  arenncei  fijfdes  ^  in 
qvibus  veftigia  &  figuraj  corporis  vegetabilis  invcniun- 
tur  imprefla,  colore  diverfo  ,  ex  affe  cum  orlginali  feu 
fypo  ad  ma^nitudinem ,  ftrufturara ,  ftbras  &  ramifica* 
tiones  analoga  &  convenientia. 

Objl  f.     PhytotypnUtbi  a   vere  petnficatis  ve^efalihus,   nuper 
defcriptis,  facile  diftJn^vantur.     l^cre  petrificata  vefHatilU 
,  •      diverfum  corpus  a  reiiqva  fubftantia  lapidea,  in  qva  fuum 
baheat  domicilium,  conftituerc  folent,  ab  eademque  fepa- 
ri  polTunt ;    Pbytotypolubi  ^  exadverfo,  nullum  vegetabile, 
Difi  raro,  exhibent  corpus,  fed  folum  figuram  &  genuinatn 
foroi^m  hpldibtw  impreflam,  una  cnm  aliis  rorporis  vege- 
tabilis won  p  trificati  fed  ad  maximam  partcnfi  deftrufti  ve- 
j      ftigiis;  uude  patet,   eo  loco  tale  qvtdem  olim  corpus  ve- 
getable fuifTc  fepultum,  licet  jam  abfit,  qvemadmodum  fi- 
gura  cdcei  argill«  moUiori  impreiTa  port  indurationem  an- 
gill*  remanet,  calceo  autem  abfeate.    NuHo  itaqve  jure 
,     «d  vqre  petrificata  coiinutnerari  debeut ,  apad  plurimos  li- 
\     thngraphos  licet  maximam  partem  conftituant  eorum,  qvae 
♦       Intef  pntif^c.ita  ve^etahilia  ab  iisdem  enumerantur, 

"Keque  cum   figuratir  feu  demlriticii  ^apidibus,    fuo  loco  de- 

fcribendis  contundfiudif    in  his  eteoim  pbyMypolkhit  locus 

i       apparet,  qvem  corpus  ve;ref;ibile  ohm  occupavit,  in  illis 

vera  dcndriticii  lapidibijs  nullum  depreheuditur  veftigium 

.  •:      plants  cajuadam  oUm  pr«featiS|  auUaqve  perlewta  harmonia 

-y  -fcK.  cum  ^ 


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ex  c  o  >  «f  409 

cxm  mrpore  v^etabili  q  vod  reprsefentae,  imde  flitftol  patet 
ilUm  figuram  k  duUo  corpore  vegetabili  fuam  habere  ori« 
ginem,  fed  aliunde,  nempe  i  vaporibus  mineralibus. 

"O^/I  tt.  Terra  &  Upidef  in  qvibus  hi  ty/f  vegeiatiUum  oc- 
curruiit  fuat  obfervata ,  (a)  Inter  terrat ,  terra  calcarea  in 
Sitxonta  propc  Dretden^  terra  tophacea  &  margacea  ^  la 
^^d,  Helvetia^  Bohemia  ad  ^ochimttbaL  fb)  Inter  /«- 
^i(icf/,  topbaceij  albi,  flavi&grlfei;  y^i/^i»  qvimaximam 
partem  ph y toty pollthonun, conJHtuuat,  in  yt etlaq ve  todinis 
4itbmtrmms ;  argiUaai ,  tlb! ,  gcifti  &  nigtl ,  in  *Sf7^^<  & 
alibi  etiam  in  rodinis  Uthaathracinii  \  arenacei  vel  cotaeei. 
albi,  ilavi,  rubentes  in  Silcjia  &  Helvetia,  cfr.  C.  Fr. 
ScHULTZER  Muter  abdrucke  im  fteiwreicbe, 

Sunt  vero  hi  phytotypolithi  eo  perfeftiores  &  cxadius  fitju- 
ram  corporia  \reestabllis  exprimeates,  qvo  CiibtUioribus 
conftant  particulis. 

7.  TYPOLITHI  plantanm.  Spec.  454. 

Svcth.    APTRTCKNIKGAa   AP    ORT^R 

Gall.  Emsreintes  dbs  plantrs 
Germ.  AbdrUcke  von  PfLanzkn 

Sunt  terra  vel  lapides  in  qribuf  vcftigia  &  fignrac 

inteo;wB  cujusdam  plantae  vel  pVurium  apparent;   inprimii 

plantarum   ftcciorum,    utpote  inrbarum  capillarium^  poly^^ 

podii^  osmunda^  adianthi^    lingva  cervincBj  filicum^   acr$* 

jHci^  opbio^ojjt^  apii^  buxi^  erica^  lycoperdi^  mufci  &c* 

Ohf.  Plurims  ab  berbis  petrificatit  ab  auftoribus  Ikbogfa- 
pbia  enumera^ae ,  hue,  fed  non  ad  petrificata,  pertinent , 
qvutn  nihil  aliyd  ni(i  apograpba  fint»  qvod  etiaoa  de  fe« 
qventibui  fpeciebus  valet. 

J,  TYPdLlTHI  catdis  plantarum.  Spcc^  435. 

Sveth*  Aftrtckninger  ap  stiblkb  ellha  halm 
Gall.  Empreiktes  dbs  tiges  dbs  plantbs 
Germ.  AbdrUcke  vom  Stbngel  und  Halm 

Sunt  tcrrae  vel  lapides  qvibus  ant  vcftigia  cdidis  vel 
a//mi  plantarum  funt  impreffa,  qvales,  fine  foliis  rariorcs, 

C  c  5  9.  TY- 


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410  ^^C  o  )  H^ 

9.  TYPOLITHI  foUmm^  plmtanm  fi?  srbonmu    Spec 
Svcth,  Aftryckningar  ak  bladbr 

GtU.   EmFREINTBS  DBS  Feuilles 
Germ.  AbdrQcke  von  Blatterh 

Sunt  terrs  vel  lapides  qvibus  igarm  folionim  ar« 
borum  vel  plaotarum  foat  iQ^pfeffie^  a  qvibus,  pofte* 
riores  funt  frequentiores.     Miblbaufm^    ^etterau  &  lUhi 

10.  TYPOLITHI  JUrtm.  Spcc^  437* 

Sv«th.  Aftrtcknincar  ae  blohkor 
<jall.  Empreintbs  dbs  Flsurs 
Cerm.  Abdruckb  von  Blumen 

Sunt  terrs  aut  lapides ,  qvi  florum  figuram  habeiit 
impreflaiD^  Sunt  rariores,  exemplum  i  fimibus  a/leris 
pracocis^  pyrenaici^  folio  falicis,  flore  luteo^  in  fiiditns  ii- 
tbantracinis  ad  IbUfeUt  adfert  Lehmah  in  Q>.  Scbr. 
VoLKMAN  in  Silef.  fubterr.  tulipa  figuram  Iq  fcbijio  de« 
fisripfit  Langius  in  ^H,  N^  Cur»  Tern.  VL  append,  j)* 
i4^*  &^«   Tab.  2.  f.  J.  j« 

ii.  TYPOLITHI  tigfd.  Spcc^  438. 

Sveth.  Aftryckningar  af  traO 
Gall,  Empreintes  db  Bois 
Germ^  Abdruckb  vom  Holzb 

Sunt  terras  &  lapides  in  qvibus  icones  ligni  im« 
prefliB,  aut  ramulorum  aut  radicuip  apparent^  jpfo  vege* 
tabili  corpore  deftrudo^  Manebacb  in  Saxonia.  Faring- 
dm  in  j^ngUa. 

It.  TYPOLITHI  fru&uum  ptatuarum  Spec  439« 

Sveth*  Aftrtckninoar  af  Fruktbr 
GalL  Empreintes  des  fruits 
Germ.  Abdruckb  von  FrQchtbn 

Sunt 

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Sunt  terra  &  hpidet  in  qnibui  typi  &  veftigis 
feminuoi ,  fruduum  ^  liliqvanim  vel  fpioumai  apparent 
Ab  his  funt  obfervatL 

(a)  TypoLJTHi  JUijvanm^ 

(h)  TYPOLiTHi  fruQus  iu%lmiiu 

(c)  Ttpolithi  cmmim  £f  Jirobihrum^    iJditis^  pvrA 
auc  tOM. 

(A)  Tr^oLiTHi  Jpica  ^  bwiA^  fecaUs^  tritici. 

Obf.  I.  ScHEucHZJBR  in  myhhtopr.  Ulvet.  figytam  Tplcs  hor« 
dei  Upidi  impreOam  detcripiic,  iftcqve  •xiMej  oaoia  bac  10 
fagpu  minctali  acddentalla  &  petrf ficata  dilavfo  a drcribtns 
oniverfali;  concliifit  diluvium  noachieum  tenpofe  vemali 
COD  tigiiTe,  q  vum  iuec  fpica  fuo  inrolocro  inclufa  couTpiCitur. 

OhJ.  a.  Plurea  lapkba  ad  cMrpoUtboi  Mlati ,  qvoruaa  oMitioaeni 
feceniut  litbographi  A;  orychtograpbi ,  quonuB  &  oMido- 
mm  no8  iacimnsT^r.  4do..tioe  pertiotiit;  uiida  &  aioui 
neceOarium  duximiia  Madtoa  bate  mnua  allegait.. 


Obferw^ioms  circa  PbytotypoUtbis. 

Obf.  I.  Fiytoiyi>QlitU  BHixiiBaiii  partem  eorom  conlUtaunt  la- 
pidum,  qvos  Utbograpbi  ad  petrifieata  coaaumeraruac,  4k 
dliiiculter  ab  eorundem  ibripds  &  deTcriptionibua  elid  po- 
left,  aa«  qvod  defaibuot  peorificatam  at  ieip£i  Calei  aa« 
Qoo  potiua  eftypoiu 

Obf.  9.  RytotypolHU  plefvmqm  In  fihiJofepm!\^ntiMt  9  loprl- 
nU  in  confiniia  liihm^Mctimj  proot  in  Gtrwumi^^  GMU  & 
^tff/fa  eft  obfervatuni,  alibi  ad  iiiajorein»  aliU  ad  psulo  mi- 
rem  profunditaten.  (b)  Apparent  figura  vwetabUlnaa^f  vel 
in  ruperfioie  lapidia  aut  tabula,  vd  inter  mnas  lamellas» 
qvs  u  diOLnduDturtbabent  in  una  impreflaa*  in  altera aliq van- 
turn  elevates  formaa  plantarum.  (cj  Inveniuntur  fepei  di- 
veriis  plantis  in  uno  eodeaiiave  laidde,  intardum  &  cnm  lu« 
culento  iadicip  unaa  altari  niUIe  incombentem*  C^)  inter- 
dum  cuan  foliis  ezpanfia*  iatndnai  &  cnaa  flexls  aut  parum 
contortia ,  limul  &  fraftia  &  compitlfis  ftipitibua  It  ramulis. 
Cd)  Figurs  fiint  vel  ab  kdigems  plantia»  ficcioribus  &  du* 
rioribus,  ftu,  ut  botanic!  foqvuotur^  ex  fiimiiia  epypbyU 
hjpermarum ,  laro  aliia  t  vel  ab  ixatieis «  f eo  iia  jdantia  q va 
bodiei'DO  tempore  Qint  Mneric^m^  vel  afiatica  ut  obfer-* 
vavit  Jvssifivin  M.pmf.  1718  conveniunt  vero  o- 

mnes 

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41%  fc^  c  o ;  ^^ 

nines  figurae  fuo  cum  original!,  magoitudine,  fibris,  ramtx-^ 
lis,  nervis,  aliisqve  partibus.  (e)  Apparent  h^c  eftypa, 
juxta  obfervationem  Jussieu  in  aFl.Mrif.  1718  ab  uno  eo- 
demqye  latere  plaatae  tam  in  lapide  [uperiorL  qvam  int'erio-^ 
t\  Jcbijli;  raroautem  utraqve  plantarum  latera  irnpreflfa  re- 
periuntur,  (f)  Colore  apparent  Ipfae  figure,  m^gro,  obfcure  fufco^ 
vel  pailidefujco  znt  grifto\  qvi  color  abrafus  &  igiii  expofi- 
tusfumum  &odorem  plerutnqve  Htbnntractnum^^^xgity  raro 
inveriuntLr  colore  bepatico^  viridefcenu ^  flavo  vel  rubente. 
ig)  Nonnunq'/am  i^fa  lolia  vel  caules  &  ftipites,  adbuc  re- 
fidul,  4  qvibus  haehgurae  dependent,  inveaire  cootigit;  ut 
obfervarunt ,  LiriDius,  Hbkkbl  in  >7./jfj&«rff,  Maral- 
Dt  a&.  parijl  i6qq.  My  Li  us  in  Hamk  Magazin  L.  I. 
.,^IV.  XIII. 

dlf,  3.  De  originc  horum  lapidum  non  omnium  eadem  eft  fcn- 
tentia.  Mitto  eorum  opinionem ,  qvi  vel  luful  naturae  vel 
VI  plaflicae  aut  aurae  feminali ,  vel  aliae  cauiFae  fidae  horum 
Originem  adfcrlbere  volunt  Qvod  vegetabilia,  a  qvibus 
taefigurae  dependent,  olim  in  bafi  rerrea ,  calcarea,  fchifto- 
ft,  argillaceavel  aranacea  molliori  &  aqvofa  fuerint  cafu 
qvodam  involuta,  exiftimamus  neminero  qvi  circumftantias 
in  ohfervatione antecedcnti  uda  a  nobis  breviter  allatas  bene  con- 
fidcraverit,  negare  poflb ;  inde  vero  feqvitur  haec  eadem  ve- 
getabilia, faltem  ad  plurimam  partem,  so  tempore,  his  in 
locis  fuKFe  praecipitata,  &  his  tcrris  moUioribus  involuta, 
qvo  ipfa  Jffdta  fuerunt  formata.  Coetaneam  itaqve  cum  his 
flratis  hdbtiant  originem  nccelTe  eft.  De  iisdem  vero  noftram 
iadicaviiiius  meatem  in  obJavAtiunihiis  circa  fcbijlum. 

DonnuIIos  vero  phytotypoUthos^  qvi  tcfhtieea  ▼«!  edkuremttf^ 
n  fuoc  involuti,  ab'/i^Wx  hujasmodi  particulis  terreis  gravi*^ 
dis,  easdemqve  fucceiUve  circa  vegetabilia  corpor^^qvae  ia 
gremio  terrae  cafu  qvodam  tuerunt  fepulta,  depodentibus, 
fiiam  Inhere  origiDem  patet  a  didtis  Sp^c.  413.  lit.  aj  obf. 

Hinc,  flbytotypoUthos o^\x\2imwx ^  ad  fuam  originem,  alios  efle 
iihtvianos,  alios  vero  Umpomrfof, 

(C)  TERRIFICATA  VEGETABILIA,  Ligna  fos- 
siLiA  TbRREA.  Terra  larvata  figura  vegetabilu 
Cronstedt.     28 1. 

SvCth.    JORDVANDLADE    OrtKR    OCH    TkAN 

iiall«  Arbkfs  et  plantRs  chakg^rs  sn  terre  ov 

ySGBTAVX   DEVENUS    TERRE 

Gern, 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


b^  r  o )  Kt  413 

Germ.    In    Eaofi    vbrvtandeltb   BaCImb   und 
Pflanzen. 

Sunt  arbores  vel  plaDtas  in  terram,  alibi  calcaream 
mlibl  argillaceam  routatse,  confiftentia  fraglli,  in  qvibus 
tamen  partes  corporis  vegetabilis  adbuc  ad  ftruQuram 
refiduas,    conQ>ict  poiTunt. 

13.  TERRIFICATUM    VEGETABILE,    arboris. 

LlGHUM    FOSSILB    TERREUM.  SpCC.    440. 

Sveth.   J0RDWANDLA.T    TR^ 

,  Call.  Bois  CHA.HGe  en  terrb 
Germ.  In  Erde  verwandeltes  Holz 

Sunt  arbores  in  terram  calcaream  aut  cretaceam  vel 
Mrgillaceam  mutatse ,  vel  hujusmodi  terris:  imbutas  &  per 
nctratae,  integra  mancnte  ftruftura  organica,*  qvae  arbo- 
res terrs  interdum  crAlta  nigra  vel  alia  cin£ls  appa- 
rent, qvafi  in'iruIlataB ;  fnterdura  aeri  dum  exponuntur, 
corticem  perdunc,  remanente  terra  qvae  locum  fubftan- 
tis  intrinfecae  arboris  occtipavir;  interdum  vero  &  ipfs 
cortex  fimul  terrificatus  confpicitur;  in  igne  j  alis  ab 
his  abeunt  in  cineres  rubentes  ob  immixtum  tnartiale  ^ 
alias  in  calcem.  Exempla  habemus  k  ramis  abietis  in 
IhUandia ,  in  qvibus  fibrae ,  annuli  &  medulla  confpici 
poflunt)  una  cum  Corticej  in  Italia  in  agro  Tiburtino  cal- 
carea  reperiuncur. 

1 4.  TERRIFICATUM   VEGETABILE   radicis.    Sp. 

44I» 

Larva  vegetabilium  argillacea.  Cronstedx.  a83» 

Sveth.  Jordwanland  Fvot 

Gall.  Racines  CHAWcets  en  terrb 

Germ.  In  Erde  verwANDELxE  WQrzeln 

Eft  lldix  vegetabilis  arbprea  in  terram  aut  calca- 
ream aut  argillaceam  mutati,  ilruQura  vegetabili  im- 
mufata.  Exemplum  radicii  arhorea  ignots  in  argiUam 
mutatae  reperitur  in  litbophylace$  acad.  Upf^  ex  Japcn. 

Obf. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


^ 


,4^4  D4  (  o  )  jiqi 

Otf.  Radices  othrMced  feu  ochn  nardAli  impr^esnite «  la  fe- 
qventibus  ioter  vegetaUUa  loiaeralifaca  ooisiaaQdae. 

CD)  MINERALISATA  VEGETABILIA* 

Svedi.  Miner ALif£RAD£  V£6btabilier 

Gall.  Vboetaux  chahg^s  bk  mineraitx  ou  Vb* 

GBTAUX   MIKBRALZS^S 

Germ.  MinbraLisirte  Gewachib 

Sunt  arbores  vel  i^kotfa^  in  locis  fubterraneis ,  va» 
fort  mintrali  falino,  fulphureo  aut  metallico  penetrates^ 
vel  terra  qvadam  metallica  praecipitata  imprsgnate  ^  hinc 
ttiqvando  in  veram  mineram  SDUtattB^  ftrufhira  tamea 
Tegctabili  fere  inviolata. 

!$•    MINERALISATUM    VEGETABILE  ^    wtriolicum. 

Spec.  442* 

Csrpara  peregrina  vegetfibiUd  vitru^lo  mortis  infalita.  Crok- 

STEDT*  a84* 
Sveth.  MbD  Jbrh- Vitriol  cBNOMtRAtNODB  wax- 

TER,       MlNERAUSERADB    VlTRIOLISKA    VEOETA- 
BILIER 
Gall.    VbGETAUX  MIVERALlt^I   VlTRlOLIQUEf 

Germ.  Vitriolhaltigb  mivbraLisiRtb  Gewachsb 

Sunt  vegetabilia  ^vitriolo  mortis  imprcgnata,  qv« 
its  in  locis  ubi  hujusmodi  aqv»  reperiuntur  invcniri  fo- 
lent.  Ignem  hasc  vegctabilia  non  concipiunt-^  in  carbo- 
nea  vero,  continuato  igne,  aperto,  vertuntur,  aaris  & 
viciffitudinibus  maxirac  rcfiftunt,  nonnulla  licet,  qv«  vi- 
triolo  abundant,  in  aSre  fatifcunt. 

(a)   MXNBRALISATUN  VeOBTABILB,  VlTRlOLlCUM, 

turfa. 
Eft  turfa  vitriolo  imprasgnata^     fTe/lmmmBi 

Cb)  MlNBRALlSATOM  VBGBT4»iU)  VlTRiOLICUM^ 

mrbwis^ 

MY- 


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Mtlius   in  muf»  mentionem  facit  ligni ,   noa  qvidem 
petrefadiy   fed  ob  abundantiam  vitrioli   in  aSre  fa*^ 
tifcentU% 

to.  MINERALISaTUM     VEGETABILE,    aluminofim. 

V£GBTABlLE   FOSSlLB   ALUMlNOSUm,  SpCC.  44}* 

Sveth.    AlunHALTIGS     HIHBRALISBRADK    V£C£TABI^ 

LlER. 
Gall.    VBGETAUX   VlVBHALIsis   ALUMINEUSEI 

Germ.  Alaukhaltige  mineralisirtb  Gewachib 
Sunt  vegetabilia  fale  aluminis  impragnata. 

(z)     MlNERALlSATUM  *  VEGBTABILE  ^      AhVMlUOSV^  % 

Turfa.      • 

Eft  dcfcriptam  inter  mineras  aluminiS)  Spcc»  235^  re* 
perltur  in  Scmia. 

(h)  MlMBRALlSATUM    VBGBTABILB,    ALUMINOSVM  , 

ligni. 

Eft  lignum  cum  omnibus  cciteriia  arboris,  calore  fii* 
fco,  dtminej  &  bitumine  minerali  penetfatum,  unde 
hu^usmodi  ligna  in  cumulum  congefta  in  aiire  ignem 
l^onte  fufcipiunt.  Duben  in  Mifnia.  ff^eifncr  ia 
H^Jia^    cfr.  Obf.  /•  circa  cUutnen  Nro.  /• 

17,   MINERALISATUM   VEGETABILE^    bitumtnofum. 
Vegetabile  fossilB)  BiTtJMiKOsuM.      Spec»  444» 

VegetabUia  bitumine  vel  litbantrace  impragnata.  GaoH^ 

STBDt.    185    &   286. 

Sveth.  BiTUMiNisERADE  Vbgetabilier 

Gall.  Vbgetaux  niheraus^s  bitvmikeux 

Germ.  Vom  Erdharzc  durchdrukgbkb  GewjbChsb^ 

Sunt  vegetabilia  inprimis  arbores,  petroleo  vel  bi- 
tuminofa  materia  aut  fuccinea  imbuta  &  penetrata,  colore 
fttfco  vel  aigro,  ignem  facile  concipiuut. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


4itf  t«  (  o  )  Wj 

(a_)  Vegetabilb  rossiLB^  bituminosum^  vegUibi' 
libus  dejiruais.    Terra  bituminosa. 

Hasc   terra  eft   vel  bumacea^    eademqve   aut  pidoria^ 

umbra  vocata^   aut  non  piftoria,  vcl  turf  acta  ^  qve 

omncs  varictates  defcriptas.     Spec.  jd^.  lit.  a.  b.  (^c. 

Cb)  Vkgetabilb  fossile  bituminoscm^    lignU 

Lignum  fossilb  bituminosu^t. 

Corpora  peregrina  petroleo  feu  dspbdto  impragnata  ^  w- 
getabilia.     Cronstedt  28<.  B.   I. 

Matrix  fuccinu     Hartmanki. 

Eft  leve ,  colore  nigro  vcl  fufco ,  ffiabilc ,  in  igne 
flagrans,  fumum  odoris  ingrati  eraitteM.  Boruffia 
6c  ad  litora  maris  baltici.  Defcripf.  Helwings 
in  litb.  rngerb.  P.  IL  p.  74^  Billingkr  de  bUu- 
mine  &  ligno  fojf.  Brefl.faml.  von  N.^und  K.  gefcb. 
1718.  p.  i}9j* 

(c)    VEGETABILE     FOSSILE     BITUMINOSUM  ,      CaRBO* 

NUM,  Lithantrax'  ligneus.  Corpora  peregrina 
litbantrace  impragnatay  vegetabilia.  Cronstedt. 
liiS-  A.  !•  a. 

Antracodendron  BUttnert.     Rud^  diluv. 

H«c  lithantracum  varietaf  defcripta  5pec-  i6f).  lit. 
a.  Boferup.  in  Scania,  Qverfurt  &  Sangersbaujen  in 
Germannia.  jigliane  in  Pederaontio.  Anglia  in  fodi» 
ma  fithanfer^cinis  ubiyis;  cfr.  Spec.  265.  lit.  a^ 

i8.   MINERALISATUM    VEGETABILE,    pyriHco- 
fum.     Pyrites  LiTHOxYi-oiDESt  Spec.  445. 

Litboxylon  pyriticofum. 

Sveth.    KlESHALTIGT    MlNERALISERAT    TRJtt 

Gall.    BOIS    MlNERALlSe    PYRITEUX 

Germ.    KlESHALTlGES    MINERALISIRTBS    HOT.Z 

Hujus    pyritas    mentionem    fecitnus    inter    mincra« 
pyriticofas  Spec.  2yS.  lit.  a^     Reperitur  Carlshamn  in  Sca^ 
nia^    Juvergney  Falenciennes  Siq.  in  Gallia,  cfr.  LrsTEa 

de 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


>w  C  o  )  w5  4ir 

iifont*  ^iti.  ^nglice.  p.  23.  Wormius  in  Mufao*  p.  4. 
BtiQcKMAN  tpifi.  itiner.  S4'  V^'olkman  SiUs.  Jubt. 
p.  St.  Mylius  in  Sax.  fukterr  P,  J.  p.  (fj.  RiTxtE 
in  oft.  not  curiof.  T.  VL  App.  p.  12 p. 

,9*    MINSK  ALISATUM        VEGETABILE     fmwn^ 

SlDBROXTLON.  fpCC.    44tf» 

Larva f  trrifera  Cronst«dt.  1*91. 
.  Svcth.    Jbrmhaltigb    mjnbraliseraob    Vegeta* 

BILIBR. 

Gall.  Bors  miheraus^  Ferruginkux^ 

Gerni«   ElSENHALTlGB     MIKBEALISIRTB      GBWABCHSB. 

Sunt  vcl  radices  arborum  vel  ligna  aut  eorundcm 
pifrttt  vel  fhiftula,  qvc  fcrruginea*  materia  funt  pcnctrata 
atqye  in  minerara  ferri  aliqvando  integre  niucatau 

Ca)  SiDERoxYLON   radicum. 
tophus  argillaceo  oi;braceuSy  pttfotatus^  tumcMtu.'   n 

LiHNB.     186.     2.    . 

^  Hue  pertinent  radices  vegctabUIum  ^  inprimii  /fmf- 
ptrina,  ^  vcl  aliaruin  arboruni ;  qvae  vcl  ochracta  ma- 
teria funt  penctratae ,  vel  in  ochram  mutats,  unde 
ftaverccntc  cxiftunt  colore  ,  figura  tamcn  ,  magni- 
tudinc^  aliquando  &  fibris  radicem  ex  affc  rcfenmt. 
In  lacyL  Ldngelina  in  FinlmAia  j  cfr.  Gen.  B.  &  C. 
TiLAs  in  ad.  Stockh.  T741.  Circa  Upfaliam  in  pra* 
tts  &    col?ibus  freqvcntiores  occurrunt  junipBrina. 

Cb)    SXDEROXYLON     /fgwf. 

Tophus  ferreus  odraaus  hngkudinalittr  enatus.  v.  LiN- 
,  h4  18.7.    6.   - 

Reperitur  alibi  luteo,  alibi  fufco  colore  ,  pondero- 
fum  ^  durum^  plerumqve  &  continuum  fz  denfum 
abfqve  fibraruiti  duftibus  confpicuis;  aliqvando  ca- 
i:iofum  Cii^ul  &c^fihrpfk\r\.,  Ufitkcnbvrs  ^n  Solms  Lous^ 
bach  in  Hajfia  ,  reperiuntuy  Ugnt  fagi  6?  hetula  0- 
vcram  martis  mincram  ^   ad  7  vel  S  perticamm  prin 

Tom.  II.  D  d  fundi- 


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418  tH  (  o  )  ^^ 

funditftcm  ^  mutata*  Orbijfan  in  Bohemia  vidctur  mi- 
siera  martiali9  de  ligno  alni  &c.  cfr.  Li£&kkbcuv 
de  Diluv.  M.  p.  177,  an  &  378» 

Olf-  i«    Utrcqve  to  varietates ,  fuat  etiam  oonioate  later 

mineras  lerri  Spec.  345.  &'•  «  &*  *. 
ObJ.  0,    Qva  Memtzei*  ia  Mijt.  N.  C.  Det.  If.  mm.  VIL, 

OhJ.  t,  rcfert  de  nuce  jugUmdc  ferreat  ojlreo  fcrrco  &c«  heic 

locum  babeot* 

ftO*  MlNERAUSATUM     VEGETABILE  ,       cupreum. 

V£GBTABILIA    POSSILIA    CUPRBA.  SpeC.    447. 

Pbytolttbus  flaris.     v.  Linn*-    172.    6. 

Larva  metaUifera  argemi  cum  cupro  ff  fulpbure.  Croh* 

'      STBDT*    288*    1-   »♦ 

Svetli.  KopparhAltigb     mivbralisbrade     wasx* 

TER. 
Gall.    V^BGBTAUX    MlKERALISeS     CU1VRBUX» 

Germ.  Kupferhaltige  mineraLisirtb  GEWAECfifte. 
'  Hue  pertinent  varietates  fub  Uteris  a.  b.  ^  c.  Spec* 
0(fj.  inter  mineras  cupri  defcripts. 

Obf  I*    Lfgntm  cupro  oatlro  imprsgoatom  fuifle  ia  J?4»* 
mHsberg  ad  Goilw  reptrCum  t  DonnuUi  conteoduot. 

Obf.  ft.  MfNERALISATUM  VeGETABILE  AllO£i4TEirK«   OOn 

aliud  aobis  aotum  qvam  qvod  ouper  nominavioMia  ^getdile 
fi^le  cufreum  •  qvod  una  cum  cupro  argemum  contliiet. 
Obf.  3.  Diftiog^ere  debemua  vegetabtlia  mineraliCitaf  2i  ve* 
getabirtbus  nos  mutatit,  qv«  tamia  atiqvaado  occorrQut. 
particuUs  mioeratibua  extrLofece  (blum  acccetia  pradita«  alibi 
pyriticofiiy  alibi  cuffHs  iapriflsisi  tupro  praHpitMo  vel  o- 
m»  tutri;  alibi  plumbaceii  k  g^nM  plumbi;  in  priori  cafti 
vegetabtlia  fuotomnlno  nutatp- ;  in  poftctim  vero  caOi  pie* 
lupqve  id  interiorem  (iibftandam  immetata  reperiuotur ,  1r 
folum  ^^'a  conftiruuot  ptrticula'-ummiiitralittmatqvtcait- 
nut  heic  locum  habere  noo  poiTunc 

CE)  VegETABILIA     INDURATA.      Ligna    fos- 

SILIA^ 

Sveth.  OPCeRARKDRADS      OCV      HAEKPADR     XnffDBR- 
JORDISKA    TEABl^ 

6aU. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


C;dl*  Bois   f  ossiLB  ^vi  s'  est   coHfBav£  D/m  ioH 

6tat  katurel. 
Germ.  In     iBu^EM    vatQelicheh    zusTAims    £&<* 

UALTBVBS    MOLTZ. 

ti.  LIGNUM    FOSSILE^  Spec.  448^ 

Svetk.  Under- joKDiiKA  trabm. 

Gall.  Bois  FOSSILS. 

Germ.  Uktbeirdcsches  holz. 

Eft  lignum  fubterraneis  in  locis,  fa?pe  ad  18  vel  ?o 
ulnarum  profunditatem  ^  inio  ultra  ^  fepultum  ,  qvod 
parum  aut  nihil  mutatum  xeperitur  ,  nifi  ad  duritieni) 
aliqvando  autem  in  carbonariatn  indolem  plus  minus 
combuftura  repcritur  ;  Je  caetcro  non  tcrrificatum ,  ncc 
petrificatum  ncc  niineralifatum  ,  fed  vera  indole  corpo^ 
ris  vcjjeubilis  gaudcc  Urn  ftruQur^  qyam  habitu  in^igne. 

CO  L16KVK  FOSSILS,  indurattmt. 

Eft  genuinum  lignum  qvod  k  natura  vegetabill  non* 
nifi  majori  duritie  &  pondere  difcrepati)  qvos  pro* 
pri^tates,  fine  dubio,  obtinuit  vel  k  vaporibus  ful^ 
pburiis  aut  aliis  falinis  fub  terra  Te  infinumtiius, 
vel  k  materia  calcarea  cum  aqvis  flucnte  &  tbras 
inter  depofita.  Hsec  ligna  fcindl  poflunt  ,  licet 
difficulter ,  %tqve  putredini  bene  refiftunt  ,  ttdcm 
^oqve  exbtbent  igne  eduSa  vel  produ^a,  ^v«i  ^ 
aliis  arboribus  obtincntur ,  fcilicct ,  pbltgnm  ^  Jfi^ir 
turn  y  oleum  &  carbonevu  Repcriuntur  hujusmodi  li- 
gna  in  Italm  in  agr§  Tibrntm.  cdr  StblluTI  tit 
ligno  foJpM.  ]qu  MoHTiJa  wmmtm.  domii/T«  VI. 
In  jinglia*  of.  Trans  AngUc.  N;o  aij.  &  277*  ^^^j 
de  QTtu  a  inttr.  M.  p.  337  &  345,  In  Flnndria 
cd  Bruges,  erf.  Ans.  BoaTiirs  k  Boor  de  Lap.  In 
Hollandia  &c.  In  metallifodinis  ^;v«  JHkrcynue^  tfr* 
KuMPMAK  pfomU  341. 

fi  d  a  (b) 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


4fo  .fwCo)!^ 

(\))  Lignum  fossils,  feniic/xrbonarium^ 

Eft  colore  nlgro  in  uno  vel  M»ro  litcre  ,  ad  par- 
tem foliim  cQnjbuftum  -  fiibftantia  Jignoft  &  fibro- 
fa  Integra  manente^  jingUa  MiApta  lm%  ubi  li^nuiD 
foffile  induratum  rcperitur.  cfr.  Raij  1.  c*  p.  340, 

(c)  Lignum  fossils  ^  carbonarium.      Carbones  li- 
CNOSl   fossilejT* 

Eft  lignum  integre  in  Ciorhonem  contbuftom  ;  *aiit 
.  hopiinum  ope  ,  &  deindc  cafu  qvodara  fubterranc- 
um  faftuni ,  aut  colore  fubtcrranco ,  fub  co  tempo- 
re qvo  in  gremio  terras  fcpuliuin  fuit;  alteri  ligno^ 
arte  &  ignc  in  cavbonera  conv^rfo  ♦  omnino  Arai- 
Ic  ,  ftruftura  vero  fere  falva.  ^ngU^*  Rubjl^t  in 
'Oyerfuru  cfr.    Buttner  in  Ru^,  Diluv.      .  ^ 

0>/rH«c  li?na  caVbonaria,  non  font  eonfandeoda  amlifiih 
bituminofis  neqve  com  Utbm^raeihus  ligms  , .  qvum  bitti- 
mine  mineral!  omnloo  careaot^^dc  in  igne  fe  non  aliterfaa- 
beantqvam  carboaes  arborum  &  lignorum* 

Obf.  de  Hgfiis  fubterraneis.  ' 

Lipi^fibtirrMned  multipUci  ut  exrftunt  difftrenfia,  fie  xqtu^ 
Jemtorte  nee  agnpfcere  pofluncorigSnem;  dlibi  cafu  qvo* 
dam  particular  fieri  potuerunC  ooonulia  terrarum  ftratis  te- 
Aa,  alibi  vero  magis  univerfatem  fu«  everfionis  ac  fepulturs 
igoofcerecaoflam,  prouc  circumftantift  iodicanc  Lipid  U- 
fidea  fau  petrificatd  h  lipid  mirierakfdtd ,  ^eaodem  cum 
ipfia  ftratia  agnofcece  origtnem  luculeotar  patet.  Jrhorei 
vero  &  truuci  arhord^  qvi  nonnuJlihi^  fuis  cum  radicibut, 
eredto  fitu  ad  aliqvam  in  terra  pr^fuoditatem  reperiuntur, 
WfW  vero  Iio  Izontdliter  projeft,  occHirruns  iadicant  ftrra 
^   Cuperiota  temponbiia  CaqvionOua  eiie  formaca.      n; 


§.    149. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


t    149. 

34  CORALLA.  LiTHOPH.  Gen.63. 

Helminiolithu    v.  LiN^^.  Elus. 

Zdolitbi  Litbophytorum.     Vooat. 

Sveth,  Coi^ALLER.    Stenwaextir. 

Call      CORAUX       Oip       LlTHOFHYTfiS.       CoRALLOlOEf 

POSS  iLES.     P^ltpiers.     Davila« 
6<^rm^  C  0RAi.i4E^    Stbikgswabchse, 

Sunt  corpora  ddra  lapidca,  qvs,  ad  primam  fuam 
originem^  fub  aqvis;  marinis  reperiri  folent  adfixa  faxis^ 
lapidibus  vel  aliis  corporibns  ^  ac  iiisdem  vero  locis  na«, 
talibiis^  deinde  cafu  qvodam  fcparata,  jam  inveniuntur, 
vcl  in  ftratit  tcrrar^m  difpcrCi,  picrumqve  in  locis  ma- 
rl vicinis,  vcl  m  SdUs  lapidibm,  inprimis  calcareis,  in- 
voluu  &  immixta  ;  forma  &  iigura  organica  ^  ucoluri* 
mum  vegetabili ,  utpote  ramofa  ,  vcl  alio  modo  dcicr- 
TOinata  ,  fimilitcr  &  pccuUari  ftruQur^  intrinfcca^ 

Obf.  T,  0[\g\t\u]\%  ad  h«c  corpora  hpidca  feu  Pettltiditi  Jam  * 
dercribenda,  eSe  mrina^  ca  de  re  nulla  eft  dubitatio ;  undc- 
nsm  vero  ilia  orl^inalla  fuam  habent  originera,  oefcio  anad- 
huc  apodiftice  fie  evlduro^  Oxjisson  in  Epift.  ad  Boccon. 
exiftimat  b»c  corpora  gederarl  ii  tend  qvadam  cum  copibfo 
fale  mixta  &  exinde  qvafi  gertoinante.  Woodward  i 
coagitlatioae  terr^f  calcare^  ft  cryflallina  in  aqva  marina 
pra&fenti5* 

Mi  hwc  corpora  dura  be  pure  ventalilU  confiJeraruni,  un- 
do &  LiTHOFHYTA  fuuc  appellaca,  qvafi  eflent  l^pidesvg- 
g<$aut€s,  Hac  fementia  olioi  Plihius  &  Dioscokio^s 
i'ucrunt;  pofteriori  tempore eandemadopcaruntC^SALPiNus 
BoccoN,  JoH.  LuDW,  Oansius  in  Hifl,  coraUhrH^%  '}^^ 
pleaam  verolucem  ponere  ronatuaeft  com.  IVIae8IG^'  'H 
aEi.  Parij:  1710.  &  in  Hifi.   Vbyf.  de  k  Met.  qvi  &  Ao- 

.  rea  horum  vegerabilinm  ft  obfervafle  contecdit,  qvem  pin- 
res  mot  fecuti  BotaniciTouNEFOKT,  RaiJ,  Boerhaave 
|iec  non  alii  &  recci;riflinils  bis  teraporibus  Klein  in  a5l. 
Dantifc.  HioB.  Baster  in  0/>»/f.  Subcef,  van  Baillou 
in  Hamb.  Magazin,  Vol.  IV.  fiic. 

D  d  3  Hinc, 


Digitized  by 


Google 


4«o  ,p^  C9  )  ^ 

(h)  Lignum  fossils,  fenticarbonarium^ 

Eft  colore  nigro  in  uno  vcl  tli^to  litere  ,  ad  par- 
tfim  foliim  conjbuftiwa  .  ftbftantU  Jignoft  &  fibro- 
fa  Integra  manente^  jingUa  n%ipm  loos  ubi  lignum 
foflile  induratum  rcpcritur.  cfr.  Raij  1.  c.  p.  340, 

(c)  Lignum  fossilb  ^  carbonarium.      Carbones  li- 
CNOSl   fossilejT*        '      '     *^  '  I 

Eft  lignum  integre  in  carbonem  amnbuftum  ;  *aut 
-  hopiinum  ope  ,  &  dcindc  cafu  qvodara  fubterranc- 
um  foftuni ,  aut  colore  fubtcrranco,  fub  co  tempo- 
re qvo  in  gremio  terras  fcpultuin  fuit;  alteri  ligno^ 
arte  &  igne  in  caKbonera  convcrfo  «  omnino  fimi- 
Ic  V  ftruftura  vero  fere  falva.  ^?lg/w.  ^ubjl^  in 
'Oyerfurt.  cfr.    Buttner  in  jRu(f-  Diluv.       . ,     ^.j 

0>/:H«c  li?na  cirtjonaria,  non  font  eonfbndeoda  ctmUgih 
tituminofis  neqve  cum  litbm^raeihus  lianas  , .  qvum  bitu- 
mine  minerali  omnino  careaot«,&  in  igne  fe  non  alitetba* 
beaut  qvam  carboues  arborum  &  lignorum* 

Ohf.  de  Ugnis  fukerraneis.         -^ 

Lipi^fiAUrrmiea  multipUci  ut  exiftunt  diffiirenfia,  fie  9tfM^ 

Jejntorte  nee  agnpfcere  poflunt  origineaa;  alibi  cafu  qvo* 

dam  particular!  fieri  potuerunC  ooonulia  terrarum  ftratis  te« 

Aa,  alibi  verb  magis  univerfatem  fu»  everfionis  ac  fepulturs 

"'      ignorcerecaoflam,  prouc  drcumftanti*  iodicanc    Lfgna  la- 

*      fidea  fau  petrificata   ^    ligna   mitierakfata ,    ,eaDdet»  cua 

[pfia  ftratia  agnofcere  origtnem  luculentar  patet..   Jrhorei 

vero  &  trunci  arhord^  qvi  nonnulUhi^    fuis  cum  radicibut, 

crefto  fitu  ad  aliqvam  in  terra  profundltatem  reperiuutur, 

'      'nlibi  veto  bo  izontdliter  projeft,  oc^orruns  iudicauc  ftrra 

rr   fopefiota  tenpoftbua  fiaqvioriOua  ade  furmaca.    *'6*j^ 


.    1 


(0; 


§.  149. 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


S*    149* 
a,    CORALLA.   LiTHOPH.    Gen.  63. 

HelmimclithL    v.  LiN^^.  Ellis. 

Zoolitbi  Litbopbytorum.     Vog*l. 

Sveth,  Coi^ALLER.    Stenwaextir. 

Call      CORAUX       oy       LlTHOFHYT£S«       CoRALLOlOES 
FOSS  xLES.       P^LYPIERS.       DAVILA« 

Gerni^  C  0RAi.i4E«    Stbikgswabchse. 

Sunt  corpora  dara  lapidca,  qvs,  ad  primam  futm 
originem^  fub  aqvis  marinis  reperiri  folent  adfixa  faxis^ 
lapidibus  vel  aliis  corporibns  ^  ac  iisdem  Vero  locis  ha- 
talibiis^  ddode  cafu  qvodam  feparatat  jam  invetiiuntur, 
vcl  in  ftratit  tcrrar^m  difpcrfa,  picrumqve  in  locis  ma- 
ri  vicinis,  vcl  In  Sliis  lapidibui^  inpriwis  calcareis,  in- 
voluu  &  immixta  ;  iTorma  &  jigura  organica  ^  ucoluri* 
mum  vegetabili  y  utpote  ramofa  ^  vel  alio  modo  deter- 
«inata  ,  fimilitcr  &  peculiar!  ftruQur^  intrinfcca, 

Obf.  T.  Oflginiilla  ad  h«c  corpora  hpidca  feu  Pettlticiti  jam 
dercribenda,  efle  ioarina^  ea  de  fe  nulla  eft  dubitatio ;  unde* 
nsm  vero  ilia  orl^inalla  fuam  habent  originera,  oefclo  anad- 
huc  apodifticc  fie  evlfturo..  Ouisson  in  Epi/I.  ad  Boeton. 
exiftiraat  b»c  corpora  gederarl  h  terra  qvadam  cum  copibfo 
fak  mixta  &  exinde  qvafi  germinante.  Woodward  k 
coaguladouc  t^rr^  calcarcie  ft  cryflallina  in  aqva  marina 
pra&fentl5* 

Jiii  hwc  corpora  dura  tJC  pure  veutahTm  confi Jerarunt ,  un- 
de  &  LiTHOPHYTA  func  appellaca,  qvafi  eflent  lapidesvg-* 
gctaut€s.  Hac  fementia  olioi  Plihius  &  Dioscokid*;! 
i'ucrunt;  poderiori  tempore  eandemadopcaruntC^SALPU'^uS 
BoccoN,  JoH,  LuDW,  Oansius  in  Hift.  coraUwru''^^  in 
pleaam  verolucem  ponere  conatuaeft  com.  MARaio'-'  «n 
aSt.  Parij:  tjKh  &  in  Hift.   Vbyf.  de  k  Mer.   qvi  &  Ao- 

,  rea  horum  vegerabilinm  fe  obfervafle  contecdit,  qvem  pin- 
res  mat  fecuti  BotaniciTouNEFORT,  Raij,  Boerhaave 
fiec  non  alti  &  reccritiflimig  his  temporibus  Klejn  in  a^» 
Dantifc.  Hi  OB,  Baster  in  Op^Ajc.  Subcef.  van  Baillou 
in  Hamb.  Ma^azin.  Vol,  IV.  6:c. 

D  d  3  Hinc9 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


4«  ^*  C  <^  )  ^ 

Bine,  nf  fallor,  occafionem  otftas  eft  1.  G.  Lvhv/ih  in 
mitiitaL  $.67.  (latuere  b9C  corpora,  rafieai  pleraqve,  ni« 
bU  aliud  efle  qvaoi  fomf/?irt«  vegetabiliiiD  narirorufli,  ft 
eodem  modo«  ut  ofteocoikm^  fCtnerari  a  terra  taUsftm*  ab 
aqris  marinls  circa  h«c  vegetabHia  depofira ;  «d  qvam  Ten* 
tentiam  iocUoat  atiia  BavmEk.  io  mineral.  T.  it. 


Alii  Ymc  corpora  pro  dooiiciUis  Ten  teflii  vermum 
rum  sfle  habenda «  &  ad  regnum  animale  referri  debere  coa« 
tendnot,  &  ex  eo  fuadaroento  baec  corpora  tollina  Inter 
HstviNTOLirHOS  connumcraot.  Hac  opfniooe  arte  b«c 
fuieFaRR.  lMPEa\Tf  in  Hifl.  M  p.  gia.  &  813.  Rcccn- 
fiuseaodem  conGrmarunt  Petsonil,  B.Jussibu,  Treh* 
BTviT.   roi^,  tfff.    Ari/T  1727.   174J.     Reaumur  in  /'r-r/l 

r  T.  yi.  Hift.  Inf   Vtr.  Donati  in  Hifl.  de  la  Mer.  Mr. 

^  Ellis  Id  Efffi  fur  P  Hifl.  Nat.  des  Corattae;  qv\  &  gc- 
neratioiiis  modum  fe  obfervaffe,  iadicat.  voh  LiN^e  ia 
Sj/I.   iV.  &c, 

Kas  fimpliciter  bnec  corpora  hi  mineralog^cli  non  tliter  con- 

fiderare  pofTumus  qvam  ut  petrificata,  qvo  refpedta  perinde 

effen  five  nt  vegetabilia  five  ut  aoimalia  ad  primain  fuam 

'   ori^fnem  conrijerentnr,   cum  oon  ipfd  antmalia  feu  ver- 

:  tn^s  fmt  petrificati;  fufficU  qvod  fint  in  regno  mineRU  pe* 

rej^ina  corpora,  qvSTPcdiurnqvafi  locum  ceneiit  inter  ve- 

.*  getabilia  &  mineralii ;  pronl  tamen  Aimus  ad  poderiorem  fcn- 
teattam  aitpledandam ,  qvam  adeo  magni  viri  in  hiftoria 
naturali  verbtidimi  fuis  obfervatianihus  jam  confirmarunt* 
cui  &  featentiv  qvodammodo  favee  f^orum  oativi  indoles  ia 

V  lg"^»  u^i  ^  ^'^^  ^^^  cornua  in  lamelluIaK  abeunt.  Interem 
tamen,  ob  caufam  nuper  indtci^ram,  non  ffliam  borum  cor- 
porum  clafli Scarf oncm,  five  Dotanicorum  five  Zoologorum 

^  heic  adaptaie  poifiJiTiuSt  avam  qvs  i  criteriis  prscipue  ex- 
triafeciadeniiDltar  &  cum  nis  corporibus  petrificaCiscoogruit. 

Ohf,  §•  Ad  Aiam  indoUm  inveoiuntur  h«c  corpora  peiegrioa 
feu  li$bofbjia ,  In  loc's  Tub  vel  fupraterraaeia. 

(a)  Varum  awt  nihil  mntata^  Ted,  in  ftatu  fere  originall  vcl 
ptrum  Talcem  qvati  caldnata,  unde  &  leviora  atqve  ab  omni 
siateria  laptdea  five  immixta  five  admixra,  Teparata.  Talia 
Amt  Ilia  coralla  qv«  rcperiuntur  ad  Chenmont  in  GaUia ; 
nee  non  ilia  qv»  Invcniuntur  in  ColU  ad  Afeffina  iu  Italia^ 
qv«  pofterlora  deft^ripfu  Ao.  Soil  la  in  vana  fpecnlaanne^ 
Tab.  XVI.  XX   XXI. 

(b)  Petrifie/ua  cakarea  ,  rarius  Jpntbofi  ;  qv«  freqventiflima 
Cant  &,  magaa  copia  reperiuntur  ia  GotbUudia  in  Capettm 

for^ 


Digitized  by  VjOOQIC 


#H  (  o  )  KJ  413 

portu  &  alibi ,  in  Oehndia ,  Scania ,  pirchw  in  nonnullij 
moatlbus  IV^pogothicis,  Haec  omnia  defcripfcruot  M.  Bro* 
MELL  iu  Litbogr.  Svnc,  Specim,  »•  &  von  LIN^;e  in  Dtfp. 
4e  CoTiiilis  Bahhicsf  ^  qv»  etiam  occur  it  in  '^jurd,  j^moeniti 
Acad.  l^vL  L  Hue  &  pertineot  pleraqve  Coralla  qva  de- 
fcripferunt  helm^ing  \n  Litbogr,  An^erh,  luhdman  in  R. 
N.  if  A,  V01.CKMAH  in  Sikf,  SuhL  Lanoius  in  //(//. 
Lap.  Fig.  Htlvct,  J,  L  Scheuchzbh  in  Muf.  Dituv.  U 
iaL   T.  UL 

<e)  Petrificsta  Silicea,  qva  tamcn  rarlora,  &  In  apricum  po- 
nunt  fillcutn  geaeratioaen  a  calcarea  terra.  Reperiuntur  in 
Scanta  &  qvldcm  inprimis  in  litore  iacuf  Lonicn^  eft. 
E'^OMELL  /.  c,  p,  15.  N:9  5.  p.  16,  Nlo  6.  £/  p.  27. 
N:o  9.  Qvod  in  G;;r mania  etiam  Coral  la  rcperiantur  fiU- 
cea,  plura,  qv«  poflideo  fpecimina,  a  Mecklenburg  (k  aliis 
locis,  oftendunt.  Plura,  &  dcfcriprit  Buttkbr  in  Rud. 
Diluv.  &  in  Coralhirapb.  Sutterr,  ncc  non  Davila  in  C*- 
taL   T.  UL  ^ 

S-    ISO. 

Corallina  haec  corpora  in  tria  genera  inferiora  ftbdivi- 
dere  neceflum  haberous, 

]:o  CoraUa  lapidea  fen  plus  minof  petrificata ,  fub  qvo 
genere  &  ilia  comprehendere  volumus  9  qvac  parum 
aut  nihil  mutata  funt. 

*t:o  Corolla,   qv«  fuam  figuram  lapidibuf  impreflam  reli- 

qverunt ,   qv«  typolUbi  coraUorum  vocantur. 
3:0  Corolla  mineralifata. 
(A)  CORALLA    LAPmEA*      Coralla     Petrifi- 

CATA» 

Sveth.   CoRALLER.      CORALLITHER. 
Gall.    CoRALLOIDES    OU    CORAUX     DC     NATURE     Pi- 
BRRECJSB; 

Germ.  CoraLlek.     CoraLL]thEk« 

Sunt  corpora  foifilia  coratlina  feu  Uthophyta  ,  in 
ftratis  terrarum  &  montium  obvia  ,  plerumqve  in  la- 
pideam  duritiem  &  indolem  calcareain  rarius  JUiceam  mu« 

D  d  4  tata. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


4«4  ^Co.>Kj. 

tata»  allqvando  &  Icviora  &  fragUiora,  paratn  a«t  mhii 


nutaca. 


!♦  CQKAILA,  ft^erJicU  plant  vetjlriata^  tmtfa,  arba. 
,    us  vel  fufrutkis  facit.     Coralla  kamosa.  ,    SpcT 

Corallkboi  Ifidis.     Cvralltm  Jimplex.    Nonnoil.      ^^^' 

Sveth.    CO&ALLEH.       CORALLSTBNAR. 

Gall.   CoRAtLiTKS.    .  CoRAOr  BK  >Umox$. 

Cerm.  Coralib.     Corallstbihb.    Corallzwbigb. 

Sunt  hsc  coralla    ftruaura  Tolida  ,   fuperficle  Isvi 

rel  parum  ftnata,    de  tetero  asqvabili,   fme   cavitatibu* 

&  poris  apercis ,    facie  extrinfcca  arborea    vel  fufiruticis. 

com  truncp  &  ramuJis, 

Ca)  Cor  ALIA  ramoia,  forma  arborea^  JiiperficU  law 
Hujas  varietatis  figura  confpicitur  in    B  r  o  m  b  L  L  i 
Litbo^U  f«^J- >f- //.  />.  //.  Nj,  z).  Curio/,   Nat. 
de  Bdle.  P.  VI.  Tab.  VI.  f,  &c. 

0*/.  Ne  ruatuoas  tabulis  vel  prolixa  defctiptioae  fim  mote- 

oere  volo«;.flor«,  penes  qvoJ  figur.  c<Mifpici  pofrunt. 
(''^^®*'*-»'*-A  RAMosA,  forma  arborea  ,  fuperficic 

Sunt  forma  arborea  cum  raroulii,  fed  ubivij  in  fii- 
perHcie  minimis  ftriis  ornata.  Scheuchzbr  H» 
D.  T.  XII    a.     Walch  Stein-R,  T.  XXII.  3. 

(0  Coralla  9.KM<i%K  ^  forma  fufrmkU,  CoRAtiuic 
FossiiB  Fruticosum. 


CurioJ.  N.  rf«  Bile.  P.  II.  Tab.  IL  k.  1.  m.  P.  Vin. 
Tab.  Vm.  a.  b.  c.  Volckman  SiUf.  SubUrr, 
V.  XVIII.   I.  -'      ^*^* 

(d^  Coralla  ramosa  ,  ramis  articulatit.    LiTHomr* 

ton  ARTICULATUM.      GvaLTHIBRI. 

A.  Scilla.  Fana  Specul.  Tab.  XXI.  f.  i.  Scheuch- 
zERi  Hirb.  D.  A7r.  /. 


Okf. 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Olf*  Ifec  lAdna  Varietal,  off^bA  ^vh  In  ftate  natnral!  coo* 
ftat  fubftantia  moUiorkfou  flexibil}»  i  Davila  inter  coral* 
lajfuriaeft  coonumerata,  fed  dum  eandero  heic  (bluo)  at 
pecrifii^acaii^  coolidcram«ia«  acqve  rtmofa  &  laevis  corallo- 
rum  iiid^r  licet  genicuiata,  exiftit,  bunc  itaqve  locum  buic 
corallo  aifigoare  boa  iocoofultum  duxioius. 

r 

t*  CORALLA  in  fuperficie  veV  extremitatibus  y  aflerifcis^ 
cavitatim  tranfeuntibus  ,  notata ,  ramofa  ^  arborjs  vel 
firffruticis  facie.     Madrbporjb.  Spec.   450. 

/fftrvitce  perviiy  ramofu     Coralla  Jiellata.    Noknull. 

JcrOpOra.      GVALTHIBRl, 

Sveth    Madreporitkr.     Ttibrh-Coraller* 
Gall.  Madrepores  ou  Maoreporitbs^ 
Germ.  Madreporitek.     Stbrh-Coralib* 

Sunt  coralla  compofita  ramis  feu  tubulis  ,  facie  ar- 
borea  vel  fufTrudcis  ^  afterifcis  feu  ftellis  diverfs  ma- 
gnitudinis  &  figurs  ,  cavitatem  lapidis  tranfeuntibus^ 
Temper  ,  aut  in  fuperficie  aut  in  extremiutibus  trunci 
vel   ramulorum  ,    notata» 

(%)  Madr^fora  ram$fd  ^  facie  arborea^    Corallum  fi^ 

flulofum.      iMPBRATt. 

^   Car  allium  oculatum^ 

Ramis  gaudent  interdum  rotundis    interdum   angulatis; 

interdum    ti  bifurcatum    reperitur.      B^  R  o  m  B  i.  L 

Lith.  Sv.   Sp»  IL  pag.  17.  i.   15.     Walch  t^etVir. 

Tab.  XXU.  3.    Ac,  Scilla  Van.  Sp.  Tab,  XX. 

U  U     ScHBucHZER    H.  Dil.  XrU   I.  •*     . 
(b)  Madrepora  fejftlif  ^  fufruticum  facie^    Agrofo* 

RA    C^SPITOSA. 

Millepora.     iMfBRATU 

Eft  forma  fuffruticis.  A.  Scat  a  Van^  Spec.  Tab* 
XVII,  B.  Jnmymi^  (qvi  dicitur  efTc  Bourgvet  ) 
Hifi.  N.  des  Pelrif.  T.  X.  47'  Oaiof.  Nat.  de  BlUe 

F.  K  r.  y.  i. 

D  d  5  Obf 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


♦t^  |n  C  ^  3  Kf 

Obf.  Dercriptiaoem  Pari  m^imUt  (UlUi  rifertt »  qvifli  de- 
dit  iMPfiRATi  io  //*  N.  p.  gig.  hue  qvadrat ;  EJl  toopby- 
turn 9  mqvic,  fvrma  najcent ,  €(amarum^  ex  e$dem  €§uU  pro- 
vcnientium  ,  rMdieiius  imcr  fi  tohstfetuilmf  y  fmnum  Jav^ 
Jlmikm. 

^.  CORALLA,  in  fuperficie  (f  extremitatibus  ^  poris  ,  fi- 
Jhdis  vel  tubtUis  minimis  <f  cavilatem  plus  minus  trans^ 
tuniibus ,  notata  $  ramofa  ,  arboris  vel  Jujjruticis  Jacie. 
Melleporjb.  Spec.  451. 

Pori^     NoNNuLoaiTM. 

Svcth.    MlLLBPORlTER«      PvXKCT^CoHALLBE. 
Gall.    MlLLEPORXTES  Otr  MiLLBPORBS* 
Ccrm.   MlLlBPORlTEN.      PUI^CT-CORALLB. 

Sunt  porls  fimplicioribus  fca  minimis  cavitatibns  m 
ibperfici«  prasdita »  prout  nudis  apparent  oculis  ^  fub  mU 
<rofcopio  licet  ftellatis  ,  plerumqve  ad  centrum  trans- 
cuntibus  ,  qvafi  vermibus  perforata  vel  acubus  punQa- 
tt  eflent  ,  aliqvando  nodis  feu  fqvamulis  in  fuperficie 
^vafi  coiifperfa  confpiciuntur  ^  aliqvando  &  qvafi  acu* 
leata,  unde  atta&u  afpera  fentiuntur,  facie  vero  arboret 
Vel  fnffruticis  exiftuiit ,  interdam  orbiculari. 

(a)  MiLLEFORA ,  ramofa^  ktvis.     Porvs  kamosus. 

IdHlepcfra  ramis  vagis »  pun&is  Jporjis.  v»  Lihk^.  de 
Coraa.  BnUb.  $.  IX. 
£ft  £icie  arborea ,  poris  feu  minoribns  in  fuperfieie 
gaudens  cavitatibui  pins  minus  profundis.  v»  Lm- 
9i€.  de  OnralL  B.  Hg.  XII«  Bromeli  Litbograpb. 
Svec.  H.  17.  14.  Helwihg  Litbagr^  jingerb.  49. 
Tab.  4.  f.  2.  i.  VoLcRMAi?  SOr/.  fubu  Tab.  XXL 
U  a.  BQttner  Kui^  LHl.  T.  L  M:o  5^ 

(b)  MiLLEpoRA,  ramofa  y  muricata.  ^ 

Milkpvra  ramis  fkigjLS^  fi4i£tis  imbricatis-     y.  Lihn6 
$.  X. 

Facie  eft   arborea,    Ibperficie  gaudpns   tenuiffime  qva- 
fi aculeata  ,     feu  puoQulis  porofis  &  acutis  ,    unde 

atta£hi 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


fW  C  o  )  MJ  4Vf^ 

atta&n  ptfnm  afperi  fentitur.   v.   Likv6    de  coralL 
£.  fig.  XIK  XV.  curios.  ZV-  de  B^k.  P.  VIE,  Tab. 

VIII  f. 
^c)  MiLLEFoEA  ramofa ,   ramu  ctmprtffis^  Cervipo* 

Rites. 
^idrepcfra  ramofa    dama  aumua  rtferens  ^  foraminibus 

rotundis^     Gvalthieri. 
Conftat   trunco    &    ramis   coniplanatii    &   qvafi    com- 

prcflis.  D'Aeqeiiviixe  OrycbtM.  Tab.  XXII.  7. 

(dj  MiLLEFOEA  ramofa^  tubentdofa.     Saxum  abrottmoi'- 
des  Clusii. 

Eft  in  fuperficie  qvafi  fqvamnlis  feu  foHolis  fiir(um 
vergeinibus  prasdita  &  qvafi  confperfa ,  node  ad 
formam  lycopodii  fa^pe  iccedit.  v.  Linn£  anrall.  B. 
fig  XXV,  KuNDMAH  R.  N.  tf  Ji.  Tab.  IX. 
1".  IK  12.  BouEGVET  Tr.  des  Petrif.  T.  XII. 
f   53.   54.  Langu  bift.  lap^    T.  XVIL  f.  U  1. 

Oif.  Qvx  in  extreisltatibus  miDimoruBi  tubulorem,  fqvamu- 
larum  inftar,  plus  minus  prominentiuro,  fieUttUt  gaudent  vK 
fibilibus,  vocari  folent  k  noooullis  madrepora  abrotmioidif. 

Cc3  M I LLEFOEA.  feJfUis ,  fuffruticis  facie^ 

JMadrepwra  alba  brajjicam  floridam  referent.  Gtalthise. 
Ranus  occurrit.  VolckmaH  Sil^  Subt.  T«  XX. 
N.o   I.    4* 

4*  CORALLA  congerie  tululorum  ,  carmuUmm  vel  eellu^ 
larum  in  una  majfa^  fuperficiebus  pUrumjot  foUdis,  com" 
pofita.    TuBULAEiye.  Sjpec.   45 14 

Tubipara^    I^osnulloeum. 

SvctK    TUBULITEE.    RceHE-CoRALLEK 
Gall.   TUBULITES     OU    TUBULAIEBS    OU     TUBIFO^ 
RITES. 

Ccrm.  TUBULiTEN.     Rohe-CoealLbk.  • 

Smt   Coralla  fefltlia ,   ruffruticum  fere   forma,    plu- 
jribus  compofita  tubulis  ^   canaliculis  vel  cylindris  ,   ali- 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


4i|  l>  (  o  )  Kf ' 

<jvando  paraHcHs \    sfliqvando   flexis  &   feparatis  ,    inter- 
dunn  cavis    &  apcrtif ,    plcrumqve  vero  iinpletis  vcl   clau- 
Cs  ^   faepc    transvcrfim  fc*fccantibus ,    plcrurasqvc    fapcrfi- 
cie  plana  ^  incerdum  poris  vel  fteUuIis  notata^ 
(a)  TuBULARiA,  tubis  rotundis  iuvicem  fuperimpojitis. 
OaOAKOM   Marinum. 
Tubularia  purpura  Imperatu 

Eil  organo  irufico  fimilis  ,  cum  una  fupcr  alteram 
iropofita  fiftula  Velschu  Hecatofl.  I.  p.  44.'  Va- 
lentin'i  Mif.  f'luf.  /.  TaJb.  VIIL  fig*  i^  Buttner 
Rud.  m.  T.  XX.  f.  3. 

Ohf,  De  horum  coralloruni  orlglnall  loq\rJtur  Tmphrati  In 
H.  N.  p,  811.  Cempn/tta  ejft^  dfccns>  ex  minutis  tubulis^ 
crdine  inUr  Ji  dijpoJitiSy  c^ort  nitido  punt  ceo.  f,  coneavis  in^ 
tusiixe  ac  fofit  Uvibus  ^  trantvetjit  pfitusdam  cruflis  coa^ 
junFlif ,  aqvali  dijlantihus  ittteruallo ;  mater  ecnjetur  ammo- 
iium^  qva  in  ponto  cqncreantur^  pari  rations  ac  apei  /«  JavOt 
a  q-^ibuidam  inter  Halcyonid  tefertur^ 

;  ("b)  TuBuxARiA  ,  tuhn  roHindis^  paraikhX 

Eft  forma  fcrc  fuffruticis,  conftat  canaliculis  feu  tu-^ 
bis  rotundis  in  una  roaiTa  p.arallelis  &  regularibuS. 
VoLCKMAN.  5.  Subt.  XVm.  9.  XX.  4. 

{t)  Tt'BULARiA^  tubis  rotundis,  flexis^ 
Conftat  tubulis  '  qvodamodo   flcxis  ^    feu    qvj»fi   irre- 
gulariter  in  una  mafla  congeftis.    v«   Likk^   CoralL 
B.  fig.^XXIL  BouRGVET   Tr.  des  Petrify  XL  481, 
XIU  50.  VoLCKMAN  SUef.  Subt.  XVni,  2.  , 

Ci)  Tubularia,  tubis  angulatis ^  pentagonis.  . 

Tubularia  pevtagona^  in  qva  tenuijfimi  tubuli  interfepithen^ 
tis  albidis  fegregantvr^  Helwing  Litbogr.  jin^erb. 
T.  4.  U  6.  V,  Linn6  Carcdi:  Mtb.  fig.  XI IL     . 

(c^  Tubularia,  tubis  an^ulatis^   bexagonis.     Litho- 

•  STROTION.       NoNNULLORUMi 

Haec  eft  varictns  qvara  defcripfit  v.  Linn6  dc  Cor. 
Batb.  S.  XXI.  f.  XXVII.  lii^i^v^i^Gi  Litbogr. 
Jlngtrb.  Tab.  4.  f.  5. 

CO 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


(()  Tub trt ARIA  tubis  qnsi^i{i  divei^i;  finguHsr^  utplU'- 
rimum    qvadrangularibus.      C'orallum  >istux^s(;m 

INT  us      CANC£LLATUM.r        ^ 

Tubuli  in  htc  varietate  conftant  angolis  4^  ^^  6 
imo  pjufibus  ,  utpfurimmn  vero  qvadrai^gularibus, 
per  diaphragmata  tranwcrfalia  divifn ,  Ufiide  ititrin- 
fcca  liruftura  cellurar«  promanat.  v*  Livk6  t\  B, 
fig.  XXL  Bromell  Litbogr.  Sv.  11.  p/2i.  f.  21, 
Waich  Stein- Rdicb.   Tab,  XXIII.    /.  ' 

Cg^  TcjbuLakia  ,    catentdata.    Couail'um^    i^ateru- 

LATUM. 

In  fupcrficie  apparet  hasc  tubularia  reticulata  ^  un- 
dulata..  vel  catenulata.  V.  Linn^J  Cor.  IK  §  JiVIU 
fig.  XX  '  i,  XIX,  f.  XXVI.  Bhombll  Litb.  Sv. 
II.  J.  a»  f.  4..  fig.  6.  &  7.^  Helwing  Litbo^.  An- 
gerb.'T.  %.  X  I  ii  6,  T.*  6.  f.  i.  ButTaXeh  Go- 
rail.  Subt.*  T.  L  f .  1.  Volckman  Sit..  Subt.  T.' 
•       XVra.  if  7;    Tab,  XX.  f.   3.  . 

5.  COKALLfi  tolumnis  par alldis^  perpendicularibfis^i   cmn 

pojha^  mc^a  folida  pUrumqve  fungiformi^  fiiptrficit  Jlel* 

lis  raiiatis  rotundis^  varo  anguUuis^  omata^  AiTRoiTift. 

^  -Spec.    453. 

Dracomti.    Konwuil. 

Fangi  cardhides  ajlroiticU 

Svcth.    ASTROXTER,       StiREK-StENAII. 
Gall     ASTROITES    017  PkJrUE    CTOlUfi    KK  GRAVEUR. 
'    Germ.    ASTROITEN        StERNSTEIN.       DRA<yiEN$T£lN 

Conftant  hasc  corralla  plurlbus  rotundis  ai;t  angula- 
tif  parajlclis  columnis  vel  cyllndris  ^  undc*  luafla  forma- 
tur  ad  forniam  extnnfecam  irregularis ,  aliqvando  fun- 
giformiS,  qvrf  in  fiiperficie  ftcllnlis  rotundis  vel  angu- 
laribus  ^  diverfae  magnitudinis ,  atqve  pluribus  vel  pau- 
cioribus  radiis   ornata. 

*  Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


430  ^C^)Kt 

(i)  AsTaof TJB  foUM^  /MuHs  mundis.  Khodites.  He^ 

UOLITHBS. 

Sant  pluribus  parallells  colnmnis  compoliti  ,  In  mas<- 
ft  faDgiformi  vel  irregularis  ftellulit  j;:m  majonbat 
jam  minoribus.  Boccoh  Rtcberches  p.  iii.  Vkl- 
icuu  Hecatojl^  i.  p^  (So*  Bourgvbt  7f.  des  Pe* 
trif.  IV.  af.  25*  XI.  49^  Kundm/in  R..  N.  (f  A. 
Tab.  X.  f.  4,  5.  8.  la.  Walch  St.  R  T^  XXIl^. 
I«  D'Argemvillb  Orycbtol.  T.  XXII.  i»  2. 

(b)  AsTiBLOiTM^  fiellulis  caudatis.     Comctita. 
Conftant   ftellulis  elongatis,  feu  obloagis^  caada  Ion- 

gius    proje£la    inftar    cometaB    caudati.       Velscuu 
^Hec  p.  60.  BouaavET  Tr.  dt  Petri/.  T.   Ill    f. 

19.  T.  VHI,  40.     KuiffDMAH  R.  K  &  J.  Tab. 

X.  f,  II. 

Obf.  Pradura  obliqva  obtlneiiC  tteXlm  figtiraM  obtoiigani  qvafl 
candauin  ob  tubulos  obllqve  torn  laptdtm  eraofeuntes. 

(c^  AsTRoiTift,  folidi  figura  wait.  AEACHKBOLiTar^ 
Aranea  icon. 

SuBt  forma  ovali  y  minores ,  ftellulis  notaci ,  unde  a* 
liqvo  modo  aranearmn  facie  fuis  com  maculis  fub 
ventre  ,  prime  obtuitu  apparent,  ad  formam  qvo- 
qve  extrinfecam  araneis ,  cum  abfciflit  pedibus  & 
capite,  fimiles.  Fa.  £a.  Ba&CKHAV  Epift*  dt 
Aracbmolitbis. 

(d)  AsTRoiTJB  JliUuUs  anguiatis.    FAVAaiTBs.  Jftroi^ 

ies  favagimfus. 
Sunt    ornati    ftellulis    angulatif  y     fiepius   hexangularU 

bus ,  forma  favi  apum.  v.  LiirN6  Cor.  B.  Fig.  XVT. 

BuRc?vET  Tr.  des  Petri/.  VIII.  39-  Kuhdmam   R. 

Nr  J,  T.  X.  f.  10. 
(e^  AsTRoiTA  ftriati^    Lithoi*ROTioii  stBLLATUH* 
Sua  compofitione  ligno  fibrofo  in  fumgyitate   flcUulit 

notato  fimilcs. 

Otf.  I.  Plurlroi  fuot  lapidcs  ftellulis  ornati,  qvl  jam  aftr0itM 
jam  qfteria  jam  iapidcs  JleUa$i  vocaatur,  (ed  non  omnes 
buc^  pertiueot.  ^^ 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


In  defcriptione  lapidum  fpathi  zeolitba  &  hfalu  indicavi- 
iDus  noaoullos  ab  iisdem  dari  AJiroitieoi  feu  Itellls  nnraccs» 
qyi  tainen  ab  his  petriftcatisdifferuuc,  noa  folum  iodole  lapi- 
dea,  fed  &  llru&ura  qvae  in  hifce  c&  columaaris,  ooa  ica 
vero  id  J'fatbo  zeolitbe  &  bafalte  aflroitico.  Hujusmodi 
bafalucl  iapides  k  uoqquIis  Lnko/irotia  vocautur. 

Dari  ctiam  lapidei /^ar^io/,  afterifco  feu  ftella  accidentali- 
ter  uotitos,  qvi  a  uonuullis  allroit«  vocautur,  in  feqventi 
oriinf  aobis  eit  ^ndicaodum,  fed  &  hi  facile,  pkiuaqve  fu- 
peiActaiicer  Toiuia  tiafti  ab  hifce  altroius  diftlagvi  poUuut. 

Votro  invcnimus  hoc  eodem  nomine  fuperbiie  aon  folum  A/- 
litaf  ft-d  ^  aliud  petr ificatuni  astrocbo  columnar i  fimiie ,  nee 
non  trochos  &  afterias,  qvae  petrificata  irnerliia  defcriben- 
da,  &  qvantiim  mihi  notum,  iu  mada  foUda  columnis  com- 
pofita  aoa  iavsoiuntur,  alitcr  &  forniatis  ftelluiia  f  ludear. 
Madfcpnra  cum  hU  ailroitis  prOAime  conven'.unt ,  ab  iisdem 
vero  ia  co  diftint^vaatur,  q vod  hi  non  flat  facie  arborea  vsl 
fuffruticiij  utnudfeporae,  fed  parallelis  coofteiU  la  uoamaff* 
conianAis  tubulis. 

Obf.  2.  Qvos  later  marmoroides  eo'iraerat  &  defcribit  lapidtt 
JkUatos  D.\  Costa  A^,  H,  of.  Foff.  p.  145.  IX,  nmrmoroi' 
des  aitejeens  Jlellatui^  p.  %^6.  XL  marmoroidst  golummtis  /Ul- 
iatus ,  inboftrotton  diEiut  p.  «49.  XI.  imrmoroidis  fufio  fla- 
tus JUlktut  feu  ajiroita  fufco  Jiavui ,  hue  fine  dubio  per- 
tinent. 

6.  COKALLK  9  figura  fun§if$mi  ^  antris  famofis ,  apertis 
vd  claufu  J  aqvarum  undulationcm  Jimu^ibus ,  arnata. 

Meandrita. 

CorallUbi  undulati.     Coralloidis  undidatL 

Sveth.  Wattbn-CoIiallbe.    *   Waeguka    Coral* 

L£R«       • 

<jall.  Mbamd&ites  ou  C£r6briT£S  posilbs. 

Germ.  Wasser-Corallbm.       WfiLLBHFdRMicB    Co- 

RALLEN. 

Sunt  hflsc  conlla  formi  extrinfeca.  pins  minus  or- 
biculari  fungiform!  ,  cum  du£libus  &  cavicatibos  feu 
gyris  in  fuperficie  ac  in  spfa  maifa,    diverfse  profund«ta* 

tis. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


43*  t^Cro^y^ 

tU  y  dlrcrfijopfde^  fleik,  tpcrtis  vel  cUsCf  >  aliqvaAdo 
qvafi  vermicularibos  ,  f^qvando  tqvaram  undulationem 
fiauilaiitibut.  * 

{i)  CYMKtiTM^  £yrU0fiefjtis^  lamellaU^^  Msakdri* 
Ti  HBMUPHARicu  :  Lofitks  tumbticoti.  Mercat]. 
CoraUoidas  ufldidatu     Boccqn. 

Figuft  font  hemifi>h«rica  ,  apcrtis  pra&dlt»  gyrif^ 
-undnlationem  mzti%  fimulantibus  ^  imerdutn  bifur- 
catls  ,  trans verfis  divifss  lameUis  ^  unde  atcaSu  a* 
fpers  &  incBqvaIc9.  fentiuntur*  Boqcon.  Recb.  p^ 
i^^  N.  N.  Yaubntimi  Muf.  Muf  t.  I  Tab.  UI. 
jig.  2.  Curiof.  N.  de  BdU?i  VH,  Tab.  VH:  c. 

(hy  CrMAtiTj«  cum  gyris  pmOMis.  Maucavdkitm^ 

\  ,  Plac^nt(2  Coralloidea. 

Sont  dttQibus  &  gyrir  apereis  prasdits,  qvanun  latera 
&  interftitia  profunde  ftriata  &  qvafi  sncifa  ap* 
parent^  Lanoii  Hi/t.  Lap.  Tab,  XII.  3*  D'Aa* 
cEvvTLL  Orycht.  Tab.  XJ^L  8*.  Kuhdmak  -R. 
N.  A.  Tab.  IX.  t  7. 

(c)  GrMATiTi*  gffit  min(^ibus,  forma  foliorum  junci 
marinu     Juncus  marinus. 

Hujus   varletatis    menctonem  fiioit  D^  Accost  a    f/^  M 

(jf.  Foff.\  p.   a48.  N:o  XUI..  fabr  tituld  Mamioroides 
fufco  cinereus  coralliis  refertus.     Kuhdmah  R.  N.  (f 
A.   Tab.  IX.  6. 

Ohf.  juncus  CoraUoideutf  qvi  ad  Uibkliur  perdndt,  ab  faae 

varietate  didinguendus.  \ 

(d)  Cymatitar  gyris  tuberculofis.  Cbrbbeitec. 
Fungus  encepbaloides. 

Sunt  forma  cerebri  humanl  fuU  qjfii^  finuoftcatibas 
&  tubero&tatibus.  Volckman  Siltf^  Subt'  Tab* 
XVI    i. 

(c}  Citmatita  gyris  folidis*  Scolopendrites.  Gesc* 

NERi.     La2t.     Erotylon  Plinu. 
Aflfoiiis  undulatus.  Boccon  Recb.  p.  142.  M.  Q. 

AJlroi^ 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


>H  C  o  )  K|  43S 

Jtftroius  f^olopendrites.    Scheuchzer  M*  D,  No  156 
&  248* 
Ahs,  B.  Boot  L.  II*  C.  146.  f  B. 

Gyris    conftant  claufis,  fua  figura    vcrraibui  rcptan- 
tibus  crinitis   non  diflimiles» 

7.   CORALLA  injlar  corticis   vel  cruftdi  extenfa    tenuta^ 
pun&ata  aut  perforata.     Eschara.  Spec  455* 

Retepora^ 

Sveth.    CORALLSKABRPA 

Gall.    ESCARITES    OU    ll£T£PORITRS  '■ 

Germ.  Corallri^db 

* 

Conftant  hsBe  coralla  nonnifi  foliis  feu  lamellis  pla« 
nis  &  irregularibiis ,  unde  facie  apparent  corticis  aut 
CruftsB  pofofs  vcl  pun3atae;  feu  inftar  mufci  tenuio. 
iria  lapidibus  adhasrentis ,  proxime  ad  milleporas  aece* 
dunt. 

(a)  Eschara  linteiformis  punEtata.     Eschara. 
^illepora  membranacea  plana  punSlis  qvincuncialibUs.  r* 

Lxkk£.     C  Bah^ 

Fucus  linteifotmis  ex  plantis  parafiticis  marinh,  ' 
Faciem    habet    crufts    feu    corticis    vel  lintei  acUbuf 
punQati.     Bromell    Litb.    Sv.    II.    p*    20  L   if. 
VON  Linn*  Cor.  BsUi  Fig.    XIX*    Volckman 
SUef.  Subt.  xvin.  4. 

(b)  Eschara  ramofa.  PoRus  ceRvinus,  Reiepara 
ramofa, 

Cornuum  inftar  eft  Iisc  crufta  corallina  ramofa,  fed 
plana  &  tenuiter  punctata.  Bourgvkt  Tf.  da  Pe- 
trif.  XII.  51.  HeLwing  Litbog.  Angerb.  T,  4.  4. 
D'Argbnvill    Or.  XXII.  5. 

CO  Eschara  retiformis.  Rbtbpora*  CorsUina.  reti* 
cularis. 

*  Apparet  inftar  retis  Aipra  lapidem  expanli ,  apermrii 
vel   ovalibus  vel  qvadraticis.     Bourcvet  It.  ^es 

Tom.  II.  Ec  Fetrif. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


43*  in  C  O  )  Kf 

.  Petrif.  XII^  52.  ScHBUHZER  JWii/.  DU.  N:o 
113,  122,  127  &  lyi.  Walch  Stein  R.  Tab. 
XXIII.  2,  ubi  una  figure  tjcbaram  alter*  teiepQ- 
ram  reprarfcnut, 

8.  CORALLA  figura  conica  vel  cylindHca  out  per  arti^ 

culationem  plus  minus  apertam  fuper  vel  ad  invican  cork- 

[^      junUa^  out  feparata^  fi^erficie  pleruinqve  fir  lata.  Hip- 

PURITA    CORALLINI^  SpeC.    45(J* 

Fungita,  Bkomell  Litbagr.  Sv^ 
Coralla  genicukta. 

Svcth.     CORALLIKISKE    HlPPURITER 
Gall.   HiPPlfRITES.       HlPPURlTES    CORALLINS 
'^'ijtrm.    COHALLISCHE    HlPPURITRN 

Figtira  cxtrinfeca  funt  hasc  coralla   conica   vel     cy- 

Jini^fica ,  fuperficie  ut  plurimum  ftriata ,    qvas  inveniantDr, 

vel   integra ,     a    pluribus  hujusmodi  conis    vel  <  cylindris 

coinpofitf ,   apic©  teTiuiore   unius  in  bafin  latiorcra  cxca- 

vatajn   &  ftriatam    alterius  adaptata  &  fupcriropofita  per 

articulationem   qvandam  plus  minus   apeitam,     more    fe- 

^^  fp^^gonii^  ^qvifeti    aut    bippms ,   unde  &  noraen  ha- 

bent,    aut    qvafi   unus    cyathus  in  altcrum  cffet    impo- 

fitus;   vel  divifa  tmfra£ta  in  fragmcntis  feparatis* 

'  Olf.  I.  Hi  Ivpides  non  funt  coafiindendi  cum  lis ,  qvi  ab  i- 

liis  Wppur/V^vocantur,  qvifuat  iapidei  fdiiftofi  vel  cal- 

carci  qvibu?  e^fui/iti  eflBgies  eft  imprefli,    &  td  typoUtbos 

plantarum  pertinent. 

Obf.  a.  A  plurlmjs  hi!  hippuritae  fub  genera  fungitamm  com- 
'        prehendl  (blent,  4viideo'r<7ffl//o/&^iVtfriimnlmls  amplani 

.   conftituere  necefle  habent  &iiilliam ,  qvod  incommoduia 

evitamuS,  dum  ab  hippuritis  peculiarem  conftituiraus  fpccieni 

Ohj:  3    Raro  h«c  coralla  reperiuntur  integra,  fuis  cum  arti- 

culatlonlbos,  pleruiaqve  fracta  &  divifa  in  regno  minerali- 

occurrunt  &  qvidem  magna  copia..    Hanc  ob  cauffamea- 

dem  in  Integra  &  fra^a  dividere  volumus. 

ia)  HippuRiTA  CoRALLim    iNTBGRi.     CorolM 

geniculata. 

Svcth. 


Digitized  by 


Google 


tH  C  ^  )  «l  435 

Sveth.  Hbla    Coralliniska  Hippuriter 

GaiL      HlfPURlTES     £NTl£as.         HlFfUElT£S    COM- 
POSES. 

Germ.      Gantzr      CorallInischb  .  Hippuritbh 

(a)  HiPPURiT-a  CoRALLiNi    ctaterifonms y    articulati 
Sunt  compofui  conis  i  difco  pluribus   coadunacis,  uno 

in  aitcrura  impofito.  v^  L  i  n  n  d  Cor  B.  Fig. 
IX.  N  :  0  2.  Fig.  X.  ^^:o  3  Fig.  XL  N:o  4. 
Bromell  hitb.  Sv.  II.  p    29.  f.  aU 

(b)  HiPPuRiTA  CoRALLiNi     cratoriformes  non  ar-- 
ticidati 

Sunt  fine  inficione   vel  articula'tione,  undc  ctiam  expli' 
cUi  vocanttir.     Cur   N,  de  Bale.  P.  V.    T  V.  /. 

(c)  HippuRiTA  Coraxl!ni,  cylindris  parallelis y  uno 
prodeuntibus  truncOy  compofiti. 

Sunt    compofiti     particulis     crateriformibus    £    centro 

folitariis  in  cylindros  pafallelos  formatis^     v.  LiNNe 

Cor.    B.   Fig.  VI.  N :  0    i  Cur.  N.  de  BaU.  P.  V. 

T.  V.  d. 
(A)  HippuRiTAt  CoRALLiNi,  cylitidris  jkxuofis  ex  cen^ 

tro  prodeuntibus  compojiti. 
Conftant    partlbus    cracerifonnibus    &    centro    folitariis 

in  cylindros     flcxuofos    &    incurvatos     coalitis.    v. 

V.  LivKi.  C.  B.    Fig,  XIII.  N:o   5.  Curiof^  N.  de 

Bale  P.  V.  T.  V,  i. 

Q^)  HippuRiT-a   CoRALLiKi  FRAcTi.  Fragmenta  bipr 
puritarum. 

Sveth.     SoENDERSLAGNK      BLLER      5TYCKEN    AP     CO- 

RALLINISKA    HlPPURlTBR 
Gall.    HiPPURlTKS     EN    FRAGMENS 

Gerin.    Zerschl  agenr    odkr    stSckbn    von    Co- 

RALLlHISCHEN       HiPPURlTEN 

(e)  Fragmenta  HippuaixARUMj  crater  if ormia^  Ca- 

LYCtS    CoRALLlNl^ 

E  e  2  Simi* 

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♦3<J     *  |M  C  o  )  Kj 

Similla  funt  calycibus  aut  poculis  feu  conis  eavl« 
truncatis  ,  ball  ftriata.  V.  Linn6  C.  B.  F.  U  & 
ni  Curiof.  en  de  Bale  P.  V.  T.  V.   a. 

(f)   ^RAGMEHTA     HiPPUaiTARUM ,    COtUCa^    qV(B  COT' 

nua  refertmt.  Ckratitjb  recti.  Fungita  Bao- 
MELU  MycetUi. 
Sunt  conica  figura,  diverfa  magnitudine  &  crr.ffi- 
tie ,  ffiqvalia  cornubus  arietinis ,  agninis  vel  agnel- 
lorum  rcQxs;  fupcrficie  jam  Isvi  jam  ftriata,  qvan. 
doqve  crcnis  anriuUsqve  diftioQa,  bafi  picruroqvc 
excavata ,  &  ftriis  i  centro  profundiori  ad  margi- 
nem  excurrentibus  predita,  qvafi  ftellata,  interdum 
vero  materia  calcarca  implcta ,  foli^a.  B  r  o  M  K  l  l 
L.  Sv.  II.  p   43.  N:o  3.     Volckman  SU.   Subt, 

•J.  K  1.  T.  xmi.  3. 

Cg)  FRA.GMBNTA  HiPPURiTARuM,  qm  comua  incur- 
vata  referunt.     C  e  R  a  t  i  x  je  incurv ati.  Fungita 

Jiriatu 
Sunt  figura  conica  incurvata,  facie  cornuum  mino- 
rum ,  plus  minus  incurvatorum ,  plcrumqvc  extrin- 
fecc  ftriata  &  crcnis  atqve  annuUs  diftinQa ,  qvafi 
pluribus  ftgmentia  arac  connexis  compofita,  qvas 
circulos  in  cornubus  annuos  mentiuntur ,  bafi  gau- 
dent  exca/ata  &  i  centro  ad  pcripheriam  ftriata, 
qvafi  fteflatt.  v.  Lmwi  C.  B.  Rg.  VIL  Bromei.l 
LUb.  Sv.  U.  p.  32'  /.  (i-  'ViTALCH  St.  R.  T.  XXIir. 

(h)  Fragmbhta  Hipburitarum  figura  colwimari^ 
gyrattu  CoLUMEtLi.  Cordla  fafcUaa, 
Sua  figura  reftrunt  plus  minus  flcxas  &  curvata» 
columnas,  in  fupcrficie  circulis  plus  minus  prof un- 
de  incifis,  lapidcm  ambicntibus  prffiditas ,  unde  ap- 
parent qvafi  ligamcntis  uno  fuper  alterura  sd  par- 
tem impofito  conftarcnt;  bafi  gaudent  lation  ^ple- 
fumqve  folida,  interdum  excavata  &  ftriata.  v,  Lw- 


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«XCo  )  Kt  437 

v6  C.  B.  F^  IK  Hklwfnc  L^  Ang.  Tab.  f ^  f.  9, 
lo,  II.  VoLCKMAN  Si/.  Subt^  T.  XX.  64 
CO  Fragmbnta  HippURiTARUM,   fflJia  Bryonia  fi- 

milia  Radices   -bryo^im    IsAVidem* 
Figura    func  radicum    bryonias,    fupcrficic    ftriata  rel 
fulcata  &    circularibus    annulis    divifa,    craffitadinc 
jam  niajori  jam  minori.      Bromeli,  L.  Sv.  II.  29, 
12  Helwing  Litb.  jing.    T.  /  /.  /^. 
(k)  Fragmenta   HippuRiTARUM,  bajt  tetragana. 
Sunt  vcl  longitudinalitcr    vel  trans vcrfim   ftriata,    ba- 
fi  feu  cavitatc   profundius  ftriata^    figura  qvadratica 
vcl   rhomboidali^      Brombll    L.    Sv^  II.    33,  g. 
f.  a.  b. 

Obf.  Hac  fragmenta  hippuritarum  recenfiu,  flint  trequcotifli- 
ma  iu  Gotbkndia ,  rariora  aliia  in  locis  ubi  vero  alii  coral* 
lini  lapides  fuot  freqventiorea. 

9.  COKMJLk  orbicularia^  magnitudint  (^  figura  numu 
fmatis  minoris^  fuperjicie  una  vd  utrisqve  convexis^ftria^ 
tis.  PoRPiTA,  Spec.  457 

LapU    nwmfmalis.     Calceolarii^  Clarii^  ^ 

Lens  lapidea  jiriata,  Scheuchzer  Orybt. 

Svcth.    CORALLPANGAR.    PoRPlTBR 

Gall.     PORPITES.      CORAUX    DE    LA    FORME     DK  MoK» 
NOIE 

Germ/  Corallenpfennigb.    Poepitek 

Sunt  hxc  coralla  figura  orbicularis  magnitudine 
liumifmatis  minoris,  aut  trocbifcorum  oficinalium  vel  «u- 
cis  vomica ,  fuperficie  aut  utrinque  convexa ,  crenata  vel 
ftriata ,  ftriis  a  ccntro  depreffo  &  concavo  ad  pcriphe- 
riara  cxcurrentibus ,  figura  ftellari,  au^  ab  uno  latere  pla- 
na, incifionibus  circularibus    praedita. 

(a)  Porpit^  rotundi  ^  tUrinqve  convexi,  integri. 
Ab    utroque  latere  funt  convexi,     ftriati.  Scheuch- 
zEKSp.    Litb.   N:o  60^  Muf.  diluv.  ^5^,  Tub  titulo 

E  c  3  Len. 


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438  t«  f  o  ;  Mj 

Lentis  lapidea  idrinqve  convtxa.    Volckmank  Sil. 
Subt.  XX.   J2.  a.  b. 

(h)  PoRPiTA  rotundi,  ab  una  parte  convexi  ab  altera 
planu 
Horum  inferior  fuperficies  aliqyando  perfcQe  plana 
&  cqvabilif  pleruinqve  vero  lineis  circtdaribus  ali- 
qvando  &  gyris  ferpentiformibiis  incifis  notata ,  fea 
linea  fpirali.  Bromrll  L.  Sv.  Ih  jj.a.  b.c.  d.  em 
/♦  g.  b.  V.  LinnA  Cor.  B.  F^.  V.  a^  b^  Shhbuck- 
ZKR  Orychtogr.  f.   158, 

Cc)  PoRPiTAE     elliptku       Lapidbs     Frumbmtarii* 
Nonnullorum. 

(d^  PoRPiTAE    in  medio  rima  aperta  divifa.     CuNho* 

LlTHl 

Bafi  gaudcnt  cllipttca ,  corundcm  vero  convcxa  fu- 
perficies in  medio  rima  longicudinali ,  plus  minus 
aperta,  eft  divifa.  ScheuChzbr  H.  Dil^ap.  T.  ij 
f.  /.   D'Argenvjll     Orycht.  T.  7./.  3. 

Obf.  Plures  exiftimant  hos    lapides  effe  petrifieata    meiufie^ 
unde  &  VON    linnc  in  Syfi.  N.    T.  Iff.  p,    167  inter 
^  helmintbnlitbof   madrepore  y    porpitem     enuroerans*  qvaeriC, 
an  miufa  porpiu  ? 

lo^   CORALLA  figura  extrinfeca  fungorum    terrefirium. 
CoRALLo    PUHGiTAE.  Spec.  4f8* 

Fungita.  Alcyonia    Nokvullorum. 

Sveth.   CORALL-SWAMPAR.       FuNOITER 
.    Gall.   FONGITES    ET     ALCYONlTES 

Germ*  Corall  -Schwakmme^    Fukcitkk 

pi  Sunt  lapides  corallini  qvi  fua  figura  extrinfeca  fun- 
gos  terreflres  vol  akytmia  marina  plcrumqvc  rcferunt,  pe- 
tiole hinc  plerumque  gaudent  plus  minus  elongato  it- 
qve  capitulo ,  fungorum  infcar ,  pins  minus  aperto ,  fe- 
pius  qvoqve  fungorum  tcrreftrium  inftar  lamelloC,  em 
vero  differentia  qvod  horum  lamells  furfum  vergant, 
dum   fuugorum    terr^ftrium  lamellae  deorfum    verfus    pe- 

tiolum 


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^  (  o  )  ^4  439 

tiolatn  fpeOant ;  interdum  vero  non  lamellori '  exlftuat ; 
firoiliter  &  (lru3i(rt  figura  &  fuperficie  diverfi.  In 
refpeQu  ad  fupcrficiem    reperiuntur. 

itO)  CoRALLo    vv^GiTAE  fuperficie  aUerutra  vel  uira* 

qve  lameUofa. 
2:0,  CoRALLo  FvnoiTAE  fuperficie  ftriata. 

3:0,   CoRALLO    FUNGITAE   fuperficiC  fulcOta. 

4:0,  CoRALLo  FUKGiTAB    fuperficU  pOTofa^ 
5:0,  CoRALLo  FUNGiTAB  fuperficU  foliocea^ 
(J:o,  Corallo  fungitab  fuperficie  tuberofa. 
7:0,  Corallo  fuhgitak  fuperficie   reticularis 
In    refpe^u    ad    figuram    extrinfecam  ^   fimul  &  ad 
compojitionem  &  JlruHuram  vix  omnea  enumerari   & 
defcribi  poflTunt  varietates,    fufficit    fequentes  indi- 
caflt  &  defcripfifle  ,    fub   qvibus  casterae  varietates 
conaprehendi  poffunt. 
(a^  Corallo    fungitae  figura  conica  vel  cylindrica. 

Alctonia.  PriapolUbi. 
Sunt  figura  fere  conica,  vel  cornui  parum  elongato, 
plus  minus  incurvato  fimiles,  pediculo  prasditi,  & 
capiculo  parum  in  medio  cOncavo:  alia  infundtbula 
vol  manicas  Hippocratis ,  alia  clavos,  alia  piftilla  te- 
fcrunt.  Lang  Hift.  Lap.  XIX*  2.  Volckman  Sil. 
Subt.  T.  XVIII.  3.  ScHEUHZER  Spec.  Litb.  20^ 
21.  BouRGVBT  7r.   ie%  Petrif  II.  ii*  Xlll*  77. 

Ohf.  DiftingvuQtur  eotallo  fingita   co»ici ,    a  fragmetuir   bip- 
furitarum  cnmeis ,  capltulo  qvod  in  bis  cum  pediculo  re- 
peritar,  unde  &,  dum  fofina  apparent  priapi,  nomea  />n- 
apolithi  obtinueruQt. 
Cb)  Corallo    funcitae  figura  conica  vel  globofu  for- 
ma ficuum  aut  pyrorum.  Ficoides.  Caricoides.  Caryo* 
pbyllur  marinus  foJJUis.     ScHEucHZERit     Alcyonium. 
Langu. 

Sunt  coralla  minus  elongata ,     forma   ficuwn    vel  ca* 

ryopbyllorum  aliqvando  &  pyrorum  fuperficie  aliqvan- 

£e  4  do 


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440  t«  C  <^  )  «t 

do  circulis  inflcxis ,  aliqvando  punfiulls  feu  miniinis 
forarainulis  notata;  pcdiculo  gaudcnt  brcvi  &  capi- 
tulo  piano  cum  cavitatc  orbiculari  lapidem  inter- 
dum  tranfeuntc  &  margine  furfum  vel  deorfum  fle* 
xa  SCHEUCHZER  Qyar-  pifi.  Tab.  K  Langh  Hifl. 
Lapid,  T.  XIX.  f.  i,  a,  3,  4.  Bourgvet  7r.  des 
Petrif.  L  7,  II,  15,  16.  Walch  St.  Z  XXIF. 
3.b. 

O)  CoRALLO  FUNGiTA    f^a  ftft    cofitca  ^   fmna 
boletu 

Supcrficic  gaudcnt  incqvali,  qvafi  rugofa,  poris  & 
tubercu.is  prasdita,  intrinfcce  vcro  ut  pluri;num  ca- 
va, figura  fere  conica  vcl  cjrlindrica,  Walch 
St.  R.  T*  XXIV.  3.  b.  BOURGVET  Tr.  d.  Petrify 
11.  14. 

Obf.  A  nonnuIJis  counumeratur  h^pc  variefas  ad  corallo  fnn^ 
litoi  forma  ficuum,  ab  aliis  ad  ccrallo  fungitas  tuberofos  for^ 
ma  radicuta^  hinc  opinamur  tutius  banc  varictatem  fepara- 
tira  CQQliderare. 

(d^  CoRAirLo  FUNGiTJtt,  figUTa  veficulari  ^  forma  Ly* 
coperdi.  Lycoprrdites.  Crepitus  lupi. 
Sunt  forma  qvafi  veficulari  oblonga ,  gaudcnt  vcro 
capitulo  fcrc  rotundo,  in  medio  cxcavato  &  ftcl- 
lato,  fupcrficie  inasqvali,  attaftu  afpero.  Bour- 
GVET  Tr.  des  PetriC  II-  12.  Langii  Hiji*  Lap^ 
Tab.  XIL 

(t)  Corallo  FUNGrrA,  figura  ovdi  out  orbicularis 
piltatu  FuNGiTAp  piLEATf.  PUbus  Neptufiu 
Sunt  figura  ovali  aut  orbiculari ,  forma  pilei^  fuper- 
ficie  ab  una  parte  convexa  ab  altera  concava,  ea- 
demqve  interdura  radiata  inter  dum  fulcata  vel  cir- 
culis  concentricis  ornata,  intcrdum  &  qvafi  ftcUa^ 
ta,  cum  margine  aeqvabili*  Bromell  Litb*  Sv.  XL 
3^-  7. 

(f^  Corallo  fungi t a  orbiculares ^  fungiformes.  Fuh- 
•iTA  Patella  Lafidbjk. 

Sunt 


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>)<  C  o  )  J^  4*1 

Sunt  fungis  terrcftr ibas  fimilcs ,  orbicularcs ,  radiati, 
vel  fulcati ,  vel  et  circulis  conceniricis  prsediti , 
plus  minus  concav^i^  cum  raargine  plus  minus  pro* 
minente,  ac  pqdiculo  brevi,  interdum  &  deficien- 
tc.  BouRGvRT  Tr.  des  Petrify  T.  I.  f^  i.  2.  3. 
VALKNTiNr  Muf  Muf.  X  iX  a  Brombll  Lith. 
Sv.  11    p.  36  fig    lu   la,  itf 

(g)    CoKALLO     FUNGITAE     COMFOSITI  ,     OCUloti.    FuN- 
GITAE      O'ULATT. 

5unt  a  pluribus  Fungitis  qvafi  concrcti,  undc  maffa 
promanac  qvas  fua  in  fuperfice  horum  fuugorup 
capitu  IS  omata  &  qvafi  oculata  confpicitur.  Sulit 
vero  hi  oculi  majores  vel  minores,  plurcs  vel  pau- 
ciores,  figura  aliqvando  orbicultri  a  ccntro  ad  peri- 
pheriam  radiati  n  aliqvando  oblonga  aut  ovali^  dpe* 
ripheria  ad  lineam  diagonalem  radiati.  BourcvET 
7r.  des  Petrify  X  ^tf*.  IX^  ^i.  Bromell  Litb.  Sv. 
II.  $.  III.  ai* 
Ch)  CoRALLo  FUNGITAE  orbiculares ^  utrinqve  convexi 
lameUofi.  Fung  it  ae  orbicularbs  Fungita  lamellofi* 

Sunt  orbicular!  figura  tb  utroqve  latere  parum  con- 
vex! &  lamellofi ,  vel  profunde  radiati ,  fine  petio* 
lo,  roinori  autem  in  ceAtro  praediti  excavatione» 
Boukgv,  Tr.  des  Petrify  II.  9.  Walch  Su  R. 
XXIIL  3-  a.  Kundmann  R^  N.  &  J.  lab.  IX.  8- 
Co  CoRALLo  FUNGITAE  foTtna  agoficu  Fucus  Gal-» 
lopavonius.     Agarici  minerales. 

Sunt  fungis  arboreis  aliqvando  ungulis  eqvorum  fi^ 
miles;  videntur  compofiti  ftratis  feu  zonis  coacen- 
tricis  fuperficie  plerumqve  porofa ,  aliqvando  ftel« 
lata  BouRGVET   Tr.  des  Petr.  IV.    28.   19.  V.  30. 

31.  VI.  31.    33.  VIII.    38.    SCHEUCHZER     H^   DU. 

T   XII.  3  Cur.  N.  de  Bale.  P    VL  T.   Vl/e. 
(k)  CoRALLo    vvLJsCiTA^ tuber q/i.  TuBERJL  i^abi^ea^ 
Jlkyormm  tuberofum. 

E  c  5  Figu- 


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44»  5X  (  o  )  Kj 

Figura  funt  irrcgiilari  i    aliqvando  ad   cylindricam  ac* 

eedente ,  aliqvando   ad  figurain    radicum  qvarundain, 

interdum  articulati,  plcruinqve  tubcrculis    donati ,  feu 

in    grumos    &    tubercula   protuberances  «    tuberibus 

terreicribus    fimiles   Bromell     Littu    Sv.   II.     19. 

f.  24.  BouRGVET     7n  des   Petrif.  III.  i8-  ao* 

LAngii  Hift.  Lap*  XIV.  Kuxdmakn  R.  N.  fif  -rf. 

IX.  5. 

ObJ.   CoRALLo  FUNOiT^   ^tt^ffo^  qvi  radicibuf   vegetatri- 

jii»ro  timiles  cxiftont  male  a  nonnulDg  rbizoUthi  vel  radices 

pctrificau  vocintur,  qvum  nonnifi  fuperficial!  qvadam  for- 

jiu  radicum  gaude'int.    Hue  pertinent  cylindriforms  fitreulus 

hpideuf  ScHi.ucHZEKi  Spec.  LIth.  N/o  §5.  nee  non  ra- 

dix  napiformis  Bromelli  Litb.S*  IL  p.  i3  ^  :o.  I9& 

plura  qvs  non  ut  petrificata  vegetabilia  flint  confidennda. 

0)   CORALLO     FUNGlTiE    l(BVeS.       MyRTLLITAE. 

Sunt  minorcs,   fphaerici  vel  hemifphasrici,  cum  fora- 
niinc  ceiitrali  in    fuperficic,     luperiori,     fuperficie, 
de   catero,   porofa.     Bourgvet     Tr.    des    Petrify 
XIIL  55,  56,  60,  63. 
Cm)  CoRALLo  FUNG  I  TAB  reHcuLanu 

Sunt  fuperficie  reticulari  praediti,  apcrturis  qva- 
draticis  vel  ovalibus ,  iisdemqve  majoribus  vel  mi* 
noribus*     Bourgvet  T.  Xll.  52, 

Ohf.  Coralh  futigite  ad  cxteraam  fuam  faciem  &  figuram  adeo 
diverfi  ut  fere  impoffibile  vldcatur  omnes  defcriberc  variett- 
tea ;  adhuc  &  ignotum,  aonon  ab  accidental!  qvadam  caufia 

.pluresfuam  obiinuerint  diverfam  figuram.  GvETTARpia 
AEl.  Pari/.  1751  dcmoaftrare  annifus  eft  ftrufturam  In  aleyo^ 
mis  petrtficatis  intrinfecara,  longe  diverfam  effe  ab  ^cyo- 
fdis  marts.  An  ergo  don  funt  alcyonla  petrificata  fed,ut 
Gvettard  exiftimat,  ad  madreporas  referenda?  Qvidqvid 
fit,  id  verum  eft ,  dlfficultcr  varictates  naturales  fpecie  cu- 
jufdam  petrificati  detcrmiiiari  pofle  ,  &  abiis,  qvi  accidcn- 
talero  fubierunt  rautationem,  diftiogvi,  ipfo  origioali  m  fua» 
varietatea  adhuc  ignoto.  Sic  ex.  gr*  annon  coralloningl- 
tae  fine  pediculo  confidcrari  poffuot  ut  frafti,  &corallo- 
fungit»  cylindrici  ut  pedicuU  a  capitulis  feparati?  SI 
lu,  certe  hae  partei  ut  peculiates  varietates  confiderarl 
non  puflunt.  • 


Digitized  by 


Google 


tx  C  o  -)  •^  445 

II.   CORALLA   origine  cornea^    tmuiora  rmofa.     Ke- 

RATOPHYTA.  SpCC,   i^^9* 

LiihOXUa.      NONNULLORUM. 
Svcth     CoRALLTBiR 

Gall.   Khratophytes 

Germ.     CORALLHOLZ 

Sunt    altiora    &    ramoia   fed   maxime    comprefla   & 
V  tenula  coralla  lapidea,    originaliter  qvafi  cornea ,    durltie 
inter   lapidem    &    arborem   fere  media,    hinc   &  flexilia^ 
qvae  raro  petrificata  ocCurrunt. 

(a)  Kkratophyton    fruticofum.       Corallika    fru- 
TicosA  recta. 

Faciem  habet  arboris  feu  fuffruticis  ramofi^  fed  ma- 
xime  compreffl  &  planati  in  lapidea  materia  invo- 
luti ,  utpote  cujus  interftitia  inter  ramulos  eadem 
materia  funt  impleta  ^  in  qva  hec  petrificata  inve- 
niuntur.  Gesnbr  dc  Lap.  fig.  pag^  1^6.  D'Argbn* 
VII  LB     OrycbtoL  T.  III.  81. 

(b)  Kbratophyton   ramofifftmum  forma   erica.    Eri- 
ca MARINA.       jiparine  corallina. 

Minori  eft  altitudine  fed  maxime  ramofa ,  erica  feu 
fuffrntici  minori  fimilis.  Kundmann  jR.  N^  (^  A^ 
7i  X  /. 

(B)    TYPOLITHI    CORALLORUM^    Coralx-o- 

TTPOLITHI. 

Sreth.  I  Stbnar   aftryckte  Coraller 
Gall   Tyfolitbs   ou    Empreintes   bbs  Coraux 
Germ.    Corallen    abdrUckb*       SpuHRStEiN 
VON   Corallen 
^unt  lapides  qvi  nihil  participant    de  oatura  coral- 
lorum ,  fed  argillaceie  ,    calcarese   aut  margaceas  funt  in- 
dolis  in  qvibus  veftigia    feu  figuras   corallorum   impreflbe 
reperiuntur ,  corallo  autem  ,  cafu  qvocunqve ,  abfence. 

la-  CO- 


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444  ^  |H  C  O  ;  KJ 

12-     CORALLOTYPOLITHI ,    ^Jlroitku     Spec.   460. 
Sveth.  Afthick  at  Astroiter 
Gall.  Emprbihtes   d*  Astroites.       Ajteo^tes   kk 

llELIBP 

Germ.  Abdriickb    von    astroitbn.    Astroitxschb 
Spuhrsteinb 

G^udent  ilellis  clevatis'  iisdemqve  majoribus  vtl  mU 
noribus.  Bourgvet  Tr.  des  Petrif.  III.  21  &  23.  Ctt- 
riof.  N.  de  Bale.  P.  V.  T.  V,  0. 

13.  CORALLOTYPOLlTHI   fun^itarum.  Spec.  461. 

Svcth.    AftRYCK   AF    CoRAtLSWAMPAR 

Gall.  Empreintes  dbs  Champignons 

Germ.   ABDRUCKE  VON    CoRALLSCHWiB^MMBN^ 

Exhibent  veftiga  fungitarum  fungiformium  in  lapi- 
de  calcareO)  iiDprelTa.  Brombll  LUh^  Sv.  II.  p»  ja. 
N:o  J. 

14.  COKALLOTYPOLITHI  fungitcBccidati.   Spec.  4624 

Sveth.    AfTRYCK    AF    CoRALLSWAMPARf  OEGON 

GalU  Empreintes  oE  Fongitb  oeilletb 
Germ.  Abdrucke  voh  augbk   dbr    CoralL- 
schwjlmme 

Sunt  forma  fere  conica  longitudinaliter  radiata,  ea- 
dcra  forma  qva  hujusmodi  Corallo  fungitae  in  fua  con- 
cavitatc  apparent.  Bourgvet  Tr.  des  Pctrif,  T.  DI. 
U  22. 

(C)  CORALLA  mineralisata. 

Sveth.    MiNERALlSERADE     CoRALLER 

Gall.   CORAUX  MiNeRALjses 

Germ.  Mineralisirte   Corallbn 

Sunt  coralla  vapore  fulphureo  aut  terra  raetallica 
imprsBgnata. 

15^  CO. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


l>  C  o  )  K}  445 

t5-     CORALLA     MiNERALlSATA  ,    Pyriticofa.     Pr- 

RITES    CoRALLOIDES.  5pCC^    463, 

Svcth.   KlESHALDIGB   CoRALLBR 
Gall.    CORAUX    PYRITEUSES 

Germ,  Kieshaltigb  Cor;\llek 

Sunt  coralla  integrc  vel  ad  partem  in  pyrlticofam 
indolcra  mutata.  Henckel  in  PyrithoL  p.  155.  nicn- 
tioncra  hcit  ajlroita  &c  fungit a  pyriticofi.  Davilla  in 
Cat.  T.  UL  p.  42^  myrtillita  integrc  in  pyritcin  niutati 
ex  Helvetia,  Similiter  &p.  41.  Alcyonii  globidofi  ex  Boll 
in  H^urtenherg. 

Ohf  Hujus  fpcclei  mentioncm  fecirnus  inter  mlncras  Pyfiti- 
fofar.  Spec  ft78  lit.  h. 

l^,  CORALLA  MiNERALlSATA y^erragmej.     Coralla 
Ferruoinea.  .   Spec.  464 

Sveth.    JERNHALTIGB    CORALLER  . 

Gall.  CoRAux    Ferrugineux 
Germ.    Eis^hhaltige    Corallen 

Sunt  terra,  metallica  martiaU  impragnata  &  plu5 
minus  mincralifata.  Davilla  in  Cat.  1\  IIL  ir. 
commemorat  aftroita  ferruginei  ex  Lotharingiai  retepora 
p.  20  ex  Giengen^  fcoidis  p*  41  ex  Helvetia,  wyrtiUita 
p.  41  hippurita  p.  43  ex  Helvetia.  Bertrand  in  JDzft. 
T.  L  p.  15:2.    meandrita  ferruginei  ex  Mandacb  in  Helv. 

Obf.  Hujus  fpeciei  mentiooem  obiter  fecirnus  inter  mineral 
firri    apec.  J45  /iV.  c. 


S-    15^- 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


445  |X  (  o  )  ^4 

J.     151. 

3.    HELMINTOLITHI.     Zoo- 

PhYTOUTHL    Gen.  64. 

Petrificata  animalia   verpiium^       M.  R. 
Srcth.    Stbnwandladb    Masker*     PktrIficb* 

RAbB    ZOOPHTTTER 

Gall.  Vers  pbtripi^i.    Helmtntolithes 
Gcrra.  Versteinte  wQrmb^  Vbrstbintb  Zoo- 

PHYTEN 

Sunt  lapidci ,  ut  plurimam  fpathofa    indole ,  fparfi , 
vel  in   calcareis,  fchiftofis   raro  lUiceis   lapidtbus    fepulti 
aliqvando    mineralifati ,     qvi   exa£la    gaudent    figura    & 
ftru£hira    organica     vennis    feu    zoophyti   aut  eorundem 
partium,  vel  fua  veftigia  nominatis  in  lapidibus   imprefla 
rcliqvcrunt. 
Obf.  I   Vermes    dari    terriflref    vel  o^vMUm  notum    elt. 
Priores  molUores  ideo  &  deftruftiooi  fiicile  proaos  vilds 
dubitamus  petrificatos  unqyam  repertos  ftilffe  vel  reperiri 
pofTe.   Nov  mus  noouulloa   litbograpbos   mentioaem  teciire 
lumbricorum  temfttium    &  birudiwm   petrificatorucn  cfr.  Atl. 
Nat.  Cuu  f^9L  yi.  Ohj:  3,  fed  jperfvafum  nobis  habemus 
ab  aliqvali  (imilicudme  eosdem  luiUe  deceptos,  eoruudem- 
qve  petrificatos  vermes  potius  ad  vermcutitus  poftea  de- 
fcribeados  referri  dcbere,  qvam  ad  vermes  terreftret  petrift- 
catos.    Neqve  omoet  aqvaticij  utpote  diverCi  indole.  Cunt 
petrificati  reperti  fed  illi  folum  qvi  vel  paulo  dnriori  funt 
indole  vel  cute  duriori  tefti,   vel  rra/?j  aut  tefta  gaudent 
duriori  calcarea.    Pofleriares  in  feqventi  eenere  defcribendi 
priores  petrificatos  heic  enumerare  Ci  defcribere  volumus. 
qvi  Communiter  zoopbyta  appellari  folent,  qvum  piurimi 
ab  iisdem  non  nifi  facts  obfcura  vel  vix  fenfibllt  gaudeaat 
vita,  organifmo  autem  a    vegetabilibus  diverfo. 
Obf.  2.  Plura  ab  liis  corporibus  orgaiiicis  jam  defcribendisre* 
periuntur,  qvorum  originale  nondum  eft  cum  certitudlna 
deteftum,  ab  analogia  tamen  (Si  UruAura  concludi  poceft 
eadeni  buc  referri  debere ;  pofterior  sua  forfan  cum  tem- 
pore eadsm  detegett 

§.  152. 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


I><  C  o  )  H^  447 

§  152. 

Quae  ad  hoc  genus  connumerari  folcnt  corpora  pc- 
fcgrina  in  regno  foflUi  obvia  in  tria  genera  inferiora  di- 
vidimuSi 

(a^    Petrificata  animalia     verraium   &  corundem    jpar- 

tium,  qv»  zoopbytoUthi   vocantur. 
G))     Lapides   in    qvibus    figurse    horum  *  vermium  feu 

corporum  funt  irapreflae  ^  qvi  typdtitbi  zoopbytorum 
appellantur. 

(c^  Zoopbyta  miner alijata. 

CA)  ZOOPHYTOLITHL 
Svcth.  5tknwandlade  Sioemaskar  kll^R  Zoo- 

PHYTER 

Gall.  Zoophytol  thes 

Germ.  Veriteinte  Seewurmb  oder  Zoo- 
phyten* 

u  ZOOPHYTOLITHI  Fermium  Jkyenii  Lyncurii. 
Belemnita^  Spec.  465. 

PetrifUdta  animalia  vermiam   bolotburimim.    M«  K. 
Uelmintbolitbus  alcyonii    lyncurii^    v»  Likn6  170.  23 ♦ 
DaHyli  Idm.     plinii* 
Lyncurii   lapides.    dioscoridis. 
draunii  lapides. 

Sveth.  Belemniter*  Wattelius 
GalU  Belemnites 
Germ.LucHssTEiNB.  Donnbrkbilc.  alpschossppeils 

Sunt  lapides  colore  fufco  aut  comeo ,  rarius  grifeo 
vel  flavefcente ,  opaci  vel  fcmipellucidi ,  forma  conica 
aut  cylindrica ,  compofiti  ftriis  horizontalibus  a  fibra 
longitudimJi  feu  meduUari ,  qvas  axin  fere  conftituit, 
ad  peripheriam  fe  extendcntibus ;  bafi  gaudent  excava- 
ta,  conica^  interdum  vacua ^  interdum  nucleo^  conico 
concamerato    &    fiphunculo    laterali     prasdico,    impieta^ 

inter- 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ  IC 


44«  ^  C  o  ;  >^ 

inter dum  veto  cjns  loco  ,  tcrri  vcl  tlio  lapidc ;  fuper- 
ficie  fufit  aliqvando  laevi,  aliqvando  qvafi.  fulcata  tut 
canalicalofa^  ad  bafin  interdum  circnlis  conccntricis  or- 
nati,  qvi  qvafi  lamellU  clrcumvolatu  compofiti  viden- 
tur.  Fricati  vcl  contufi  aut  lenitcr  calcioari  foctorcm 
fpargunt  fulphurcum  vcluti  cornu  combufti,  feu  infljt 
pulvcris  pyriu 

(a)  Bklemnitbs   cmiais. 

Apicc  gaudct  acuto,  Rlbik  dc  TuM.  Mar.  Tab. 
VUI,  f.  2,  3,  4^  5,  tf,  8,  10.  Ehrhart  dc 
Belemn.  Swv.  Fig.  J,  a,  3.  Bourgvkt  Tr.  des 
Petrif.  T.  L  V.  fig.  37J,  Baier  Or.  N9r.  T.  L 
f-  4f* 

(b)  Bklemnit bs    cylindricus. 

Eft  apicc  roagis  rotundato,  &  dubium  tfinon  hujnt* 
modi  bcjcpinitft  fine  coRfidcrandi  uc  mutilati  &  a- 
picc  qvacunqvc  caufla  dctnincati  Klein  dc  Tub. 
war.  Tab.  VII.  f.  5,  6,  7,  11,  la,  15,  i«,  19^ 
BouRGvBT  Tr.  des  Petrtf'  T.  LV^  N:o  376,  3-7. 
Baieri  Orchyt.  N.  T.  I,  f.  2  &  3.  Walch 
St.  R.  Tab.  VL  N:o  2.  a.  cmciffcylindricicoDfpb' 
ciuiitur% 

(^c)  Bblemktitbs  tmtricofus  feu  fufifarmis. 
Hujusmodi  bclemnitas  videntur  qvafi  duplicari ,  in 
medio  tumcnt,  facie  propemodum  fufi  muliebris^ 
Klein  de  Tub.  mar.  T^  VIII.  f.  13,  14-  Bour- 
cv£T  Tr.  des  Petrif.  T.  LV.  574.  Bajer  Or.  N- 
T.  I.  f.  7. 

(d)  Bblkmnites  canalicofus. 

Eft .  in  fuperfice ,  uno  ^  binis  ad  fummum  trinii  ca- 
nalibus,  feu  aqualiculis  per  longitudincm  extenfis 
infigntcus.     Baier  Or.  N&r.  Tab.  L  fig^  ii  4* 

("c")  Bklemnitbs  ctrculis  coficentricis. 

Non  folum  ad  b&fm ,  fed  &  per  totam  longitudi- 
ncm circuli  apparent    conccntrici^    dum  hi   difirin* 

gun- 


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gunlur    Be'emnitias  Klein  de  Ttib.  Mar,  Ttb.  VII, 
fig.  2.  &  Tab.  IX.  fig.  3,  4. 

Obf.  Ho8  Belemnitas  cum  circuits  concentricis  noo  Vidi : 
dubiu*  kaque  basreo  an  hue  penineant.  Non  omnea 
conici  lapides  Aint  Belemoicat  neqve  Ortbuceratiue.  ut  k 
feqventibus  patebit. 

^f)  Bblemnitbs  diapbanus. 
Colore  eft   falcrno,  unde  k    Libavio    it   alits  habi- 
tus fuit  pro  Succino  falemo  petrificato.       In   hac  vt- 
rietate  rimt  vel   fibra,    qua   conum  tranfit,    optime 
confpici  potefi. 

Oh/l  I.     Differunt  etUm  BeleiBttiMfc  colore. 

i:o,  Belsmnit^  colore  fujeo  vel  torweo  fin  tAfiare  gfifeo. 
Sunt  reliqvis  varietatibus  magis^  vulgarea ,  eoqve  ipfo  ab 
omni  Teftaceorum  petrificatorum  genere  difticfii. 

ft:o,  Bblemnita  colert  nigra.  Bblemhiti  Co&aciki. 

Defcripfenint  Baibe  Or.  N.    p.    37.   LachMuhd  O. 

Hildesb.  p.  25  &  346, 

g:o  BBLEMinTiwferf^tfW/f«j/e.BBi.ftniriT>ELECtRiHr. 

VbJ.  0.  Sunt  hi  lapides  peculi»ri»  indolis,  ab  omni  feren^'O 
petrificatoroiB  genere  dlftindi  (a)  Qvi  integri  invenhm- 
lur  cutieuU  aliqvaodo  poiofaveftiti  eflfe  folent.  (bj  S«. 
pe  occurrnnt  plus  minus  compr^t,  qvln  &  tmriti.  era.- 
fertlm  circa  bafin,  qvafi  cutlcnl*  (bperior  impftu  qvodam 
exteroo  violenter  nlimconfofa  &diffnda  fuiffet.  cedePte 

f^!i    •  ?.^*"»*  ph'nomeofsconcludituri^fWrlixali- 
qvando  motff/,   faltem  ad   partem   indoiiorew   tuifle.  cfr. 
BAiBROr.iVbf.p  36.  (e)Prlcar>,  cootufi  Vel  lenlter  «!• 
cinati  orfor^w  /Jwfwlifai  cornu  adufti  iban^wt;  qu»  proprietas 
nonqva«  effeiioteft  aceefforia,  i  Ale  &  pingvl  peregrino  fe 
inlinuante  dependens.  prout  io  nonnollis  fa/«fm  lapidibus 
^tT^"f   .  ■^•/«'^/«//'»cont}ngit.  f«d  neeenv  eft.  fir  con- 
nate &  in  ipfa  fubftantlj  fondaw.  qvum  non  llfi  folom  t»e. 
J^mnir*  qvl  In  wlcarel,  lapidibns  reperluntor  hnnc  oriorem 
iparguof,  .ediilliqvi  In  Upidibus  fcMftofi?,  imtx,  otil  In 
ntatia  atenarels  vel  »ren»  litorall  aut  agris  fparfi  Invenlun- 
tor.  uW  nullum  veftlgjum  five  bltominia  mineralls  five  falls 
votadhs    aut  Ammonia«elis  in  eonfiniis  reperltur»  vel  efTe 
Poteft,  vel  »d  hos  lapides  pertiogere  potult,  absave  w  In 
Vkanla  ejusdem  yeftlgia  exifterent.     (d)  h  W  fi  parum 
incalefcant,  <Mad«  aqva  frieida  adfptrguutttr,  fol«nt  Ion- 
Tom,  IL  p£  git,,. 


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450  ^  (  o  ;  ►^ 

gitudtnaliter  ad  ax!a  in  Unas  findi  ptrtef  •  qvafi  a  bio!s  dU 
midiatis  conis  eflent  compoiid  <e)  fortiori  igae  io  calcm 
abeunt;  eodem  vero  au€to,  io  ndtrumflavum  peUucidMm  tua- 
di  coQtendit  Kundju ank  in  R.  N.  IrA.  p.  99.  (t)  Cum 
jiqvaforti  eff^r^efcuQC  &iibeadem  folviiatur,  cuticula  iofo- 
luca  relifta.  (g)  FttdeftilktiowcmpnbtntPbleimdempY' 
retimaticuiD ,  SaU  volxtilt  urinojb  inpraegnatum  ,  oihil  ve* 
topiogvedinia.clr*  BuaHART  de  Jbeienm.  Svtv.  p.  50. 

Ohf.  3«  Aftnifturaborumlapidimitainiatriarecaqvse  a  Mir- 
RALTO  in  Epb.  N.  C.  Dec.  III.  Am.  V.  V  l/L  Ob/.  Xr. 
fig'  37*^  LANGioln  HiJl.L.  Fig.  p.  131.  Tab.  XXXVII. 
s.  ?ft  defcripca  &  delioeata.  qvam  extriofcca  organica  & 
proprietatibus  defcriptis  £icUe  patet  eoadem ,  non   ut  pro- 
duFlam  mtucrale  connderari  pofle  ut  fu(]picataa  efi  Wood- 
war  d  in  Geogr.  Fhyf.  Eorundem  namqve  ftruAura  orgao]- 
ca  &  prspfeotia  aliis  cum  marinis  corporibut  in  (Iratis  ter- 
rarum  &  noDtium^  fatia  inculcaot  cosdeai  non  ut  incolaa 
Regoi  mineralis  uatlvoa  coafiderari  pofle,  fed  ad  peregrina 
corpora  &  qviden  narina  petrificata  referri  debere.  HInc 
&  nu!t«eosde0  nee  ad  StalaHitas  fioore  anfnerali  produftas 
refi^rri  poffe,  ut  exiftimaruot  Laicg  in  Hift.  Lap.  Fig.  & 
AssALTua  in  Mff/  sd  Meregti  MetM.^  qvum  ftnondabi- 
lis  Staladitea  radiis  horizontalibus  &  proprieutibua  defcri- 
pti8«  Haec  eadem  &  raleot  contra  opfnioaem  LiBAVti  in 
Singiil.  P.  III.  L.  8.  Cap.  eg  &Oesn£ri  in  CaroU.  ad  Epi- 
pban ,  q vi ,  decepti  fine  dubio,  a  Belemoitis  diapliabis  colore 
faleroo^exiftfroarunteoflden  efle  Suedmm  pitrijlcatum.  Con- 
jedoraQHEDiNc  in  ASi.  B^nwieif  T.  t/>.  70*  Belemoitas 
^t  tryllaUifationem  feu  Tartarifationem  eife  produAaa,  hta  lis- 
den  annthilaturnomentisouperdiftis.  LviBtv^  in  Icbnegr. 
Litb.  Rfit.  ambigit  an  hi  lapides  originem  babent  a  Cf/mm 
pijcii  Narval ,  an  coofiderentur  ut  ilaclei  folrmati  io  Penictl- 
its  marsnif  vel  Demalihus^  Teftaceb  ;  qvaaa  &  opiofoaeoi 
foviflTe  videtur  Helxving  io  Litb.  Angctb.  p.  89.  licet 
alibi  P«  //.  p.  1 17.  in  earn  pothia  ioclioat  fententiam,  qvod 
Cwallinis  feu  ttantit  marinis  optlmo  jure  accenferi  poiunr. 
VoLCKMAN  inSil.  Subt.  opinatus  eft  bos  lapides  efle  radios 
feu  fpinas  offium  animalis  cujasdam  marioi,    Parum  ab  eo- 
dem  difcedit  Bovrovet  in  Lettr.  pbihf,  Sur.  Ufurm.  da 
fils^  bos  lapides  pro  pifcium  &  qvidem  Pbjipnerum  aut  Cto- 
codilorum  denflbus  babendos  contendenSy  qvse  fententia  eft 
qvoqve  in  JDiB.  Encjchped,  ado{^ta,  licet  ftrudura  fibra* 
aum  in  Beieaaoitis,  eoruodernqve  iudt  depeodeoa  fragilitaa 

loog^ 


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|W     (>  )    «l  #51 

Ion«;c  fit  diverfa  a  ftrufturs  dentiuro  &  eorum  duriti«.  Kon* 
mills  e^  (unt  opinione  ,    qva   &  oliin  J.  Th,  Klein,  £ie- 
^*    VERS  in   Curioj:  Niend.  &  alii  fuerunt ,    qvc  d  flat  ut  Acuiti 
^'    vel  radii  Echinorum  conflderandi ,  perhihenrcs  nonnulU,  ut- 
.     potc  FisccER,   BuFFOK,  Te  ptflldeie  Echmtscum  huu.v- 
l     «K)di  aculeis  ;    fed  ut  in  omoibus  lielenmids  taflo  forma  & 
ftruAura  qv.%m  materia  reperitur  difcrepani  abaculeis  Kchi* 
norum,  tacile  fufpicari  poteft  Echiuos  cum  hijusmcdi  acu- 
leis  Beleroniticia,    non  nifi  anificio  cuiuaoi  adfcribi  poffie. 
Hinc,  plurimi    k  r<»centioribus ,  Rosinv^  de   heUwnitis  ]. 
Th.  Klein  de  Tub,  Marin.  &  in  A'at.  Dijpcll  Ecbsnoderm. 
Breyn    de   pcljtbalamiif ,    Fhrhart    de    hcitmn.    Svcv, 
WALChiln  St,    /?.   Baumbr    in  MimraL  hos  lapide*  inter 
petrific^ta    Teflacea  colhrandos    exiftimaruot,  cosdeifqvc 
confiderari  polle  vel  ut  Tubulos  marinor  peculiares,  Vel,  ^^^ 
A L LION  in  Or,  ped,  opioatur,  Mtnuekoihxx  TtfidCeis  f^tir^r*- 
tos.  Sed  evaaefcuat  utraeqve  feiiteutiae  fi  confidertOiU^  ma- 
^^     teriam  lapidoam  nee  noo  firuduram  In  Peleoiiiitis  eile  lon^e 
*'     diverfam  a  Teftaceis  corporibus,  ac  prttportionetii  inter  rU 
•      roam  vel  canalem  Beleronitas  tranfeuntero,  atqvccraflitifin 
r      leliqvam  qvaai  tuaxime  effe  peregrinam  inter  Teft«*Cea  cor- 
pora ♦  ut  reficeamus, cor/«m  qvo  ttfli  Iieicmrita;  eirt  ndei»- 
qvecomprelTibilitatemfuffiCieDter  iodicare  prsdem3dl>fla- 
cea  foflilla  corpora  referri  non  pofiTe,  ac  ftrufluram  inttrnfein 
orginicam    non   admittere    ut   cocfiderentur  ut  flftf/i?i\  qvl 
•'     nunqvam  orgaDica    ftrudura   intrinftce  effc  poflunt.    His 
omnibus    momentis  coadi  olim  iulmus  hos    l?pides  ppct- 
liares,  ut  ab  liolotburiis  fuam  originem  repetentes  coDfjccta* 
ye,   eandem  vero    lubenter  deft  rentes  feotcntiaoi,  qvao*  & 
Capeller   habuit,  rfr.  Kifin  ^ttaj^r,  LithoL  meliora  'i>. 
V  LiNse  jam  edofti ;    id  folum  addentes,  qvcd  ptf  pfus 
veritatem  attij^iffe  vidctur  Bra>;liEr  qvi  luAfl^ApgL  boi 
lapides   a  polypis  geoeratos  contendit* 

«•  ZOOPHYTOLITHI  fttllz  marine.    Stelutjb. 

Spec.    4^64 
Sveth.    Stklliter*       Stekwj^vdladb    Sioestier- 

MOR     KLLER    KaBRSTROLL 

Gall.  Stbllitks.     Etoilki  ob  mbr  petbieI^ei 
Germ.  Stellitbn.  Vbrsteinte  Sbesternb 

Sunt    lapides    figura    ftellari     ornati,    qvs     {lellulc 
tUverfa    funt    magoitudinc    &    radiis    gaudent    femicylin* 

Ff  a  dri- 


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45t  »H  C  o  )  Kl 

dricis,  pluribni  vt\  ptucioribus^  tix  Teroriiltni  lo^  trt« 
pluriinum  s*  Ittioribas  vel  teimioribtts,  aliqvindo  qvafi 
foliaceis,  interdHm  rcQis  interdom  flexis;  aliqvaodo  & 
figura  Pentagoni,  tadiis  non  i  centro  vel  corpore  {xrod- 
euntibus ,  fed  in  formam  pentagonam  connexis  fimul 
&  flezis. 

(i^  SxELLfTja  radhrumirkm.    STBi<UTiBTRifACTi. 
(b^  Stbllitjb  radiorum ^atvor.    Stbllita  Te- 

T  R  A  C  T  I« 

Radiis   gaodent    vel   falcatis   vel    cruciatia   vel   folia- 

ceis« 
(c^    Stellitjb  raiiarum  qirinqve.    Stblxita   qvih- 

QVKFIDI. 

Hi'  iunt  freqventiores  forma  vel  corporis  radiari  vet 
pentagon!  vel  palmipedis ,  vel  alia.  Indicat  Chr. 
Fr.  Schultzb  in  Betr.  der  verfteiMe  Seiftem  in 
lapide  Arenario  Pimaienji  in  Saxonia  repertos  fuiflb 
jfflropeQinem  regularem  &  PefOagomJirumfemlungium 
qvos^  fub  hac  varietate,  comprdiendiniRS* 
(d^  Stbllit A  pUtrium  roMmm.     Stullitm  mitlti* 

FIDI. 

Conftant^  6^  7,  8,  9»  vel  10  radiis. 
Figura  nonnpUas  harum  varietatum  conipici  poflunt 
in  WAL6HII  St.  R.  T.  11.  N:o  /.  nbi  bin«  figorai 
reperitintur  radiis  f.  bins  radiis  8.  una  radiis  10. 
Bouk:gvbt  Tr.  its  Petrif.  Tab.  LIX^  N,-o  438. 
Kkorr  Lap.  Diluv.  t.  P.  L  T.  43  fig.  f ,  a,  3t 
Baum£R  Min*  T.  L  /«  ^/. 

3.  ZOOPHYTOLITHI  Stella  marina  crinita.  Stelh- 
TJB  Crikitu  Spec.  467 • 

Capita  Afedufa.     NoknulLorum* 

Sveth.  Stbnwahdladb  haorigb  sLLsr  Taofwsads 
SicesriBRNOR 

Gall. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


^  (  O  ;  K|  451 

Oall.    Stellitks    CRiNi;rBs.     Etoilks    a£    her 

CRtHITBS    PBTRlFlifiS 

Gem.  Verst£Intb  gebartbtb  Se^stbrne 

Sunt  petrificacs  ftellae  marinas,  qvas  radiis  vel  fi* 
lis  conlbm  rocundU  vel  integris,  pluhmis  feparatts,'  in 
fuis  extremitatibus  qvali  in  barbam  aut  coinam  fe  cer^ 
ininantibus* 

(a^  Steluta  cRiMiTi  C0ma  dicupla. 
*    ZMpbytoUtbi  ftella  crinita  Decacmmos^ 
Stella  Decacnimos  barbata  (f  topbacea.  Likckii  St»  Mar. 
Tab.  37.  N;o  64  &  66,  Baiee  SuppU   Or.  N.  T^ 
lU  f.  4,  5    Knorr  L.  Dil.  T.  Tab.  IX. 
(b^  Stbllitjb  cRiNiTi  coma  muUiplid* 
Zoopbytolitbi  ftella  crinita  Polycacnimos. 
Cdpta  Meduja.    Lincku  St^  Mar.   Tab.   XII.  No» 

33i  34-  , 

Jlftropodia  niuttyuga  (f  claveUata^    LuiPii  1Mb,  Brit. 

No.  ito6  &  ma. 

(c^  Stbllitjb  cRiHiTi  romoji^  apicibus  fafckuUuis. 

HelmintoUtbus   IJidisfiUformis  ramofa  ^  apicibusfafcicula^ 

tis.  V.  LiNHi.  169.  10. 

Capia  medufa  lapideum.  Hiemer  Cap.   A^^ 

Zoopbytolitbi  SteUa  compofita  radiis  fecttndariis  ex  eodem 

trunco  numerojis.      Gbsnbr   de  Petrif.    32  N.o  ^. 

Alb.  Rittbr  Or.   Calenb.  Spec.  II.  p.  %  Kbislbe 

Neu.  Reifen  T.  U  p.  ii6. 

4.  ZOOPHYTOLITHI  artictdortm  orbicularium^  fingu^ 
larium^  ftellarum  marinarum^  forma  rota^  centro  ca^ 
va.  Trochita.  Spec.  468* 

Rottda  Lapidea. 

Nummuli  Sti   Bonifadi^ 

Sveth.    Trochitbr«    Hiulstehar.     Qvarhitbnar 

Gall.  TRoqiiiiTES  ou  Troqves 

Germ.   Trochitbn.     RadbrsTeihe.     MQhlstbihe 

Ff  3  Sunt 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


454  ^  (  o  )  K^ 

Sunt  lapides  orbicularcs  SpatboSj  colore  diverfo, 
ccntfo  cavi,  forma  rotas  rainoris,  divcrfa  craflTitic  & 
diamctro ,  fupcrficic  utraqvc  ,  fupcriori  &  inftriori  pit- 
na ,  aiiqvando  nuda,  aliqvando  ftriis  a  centro  ad  pcri- 
plieriam  vcl  ftcllulis  ornata.  Ad  fuara  origincm  funt 
trticuli   feparati  ab  EntrocbU  roox  defcribendis. 

Ca)  Trochit^    laves. 

Supcrficie  gaudcnt  Isvi  pollta,    ftriis  fine  dubio  de« 
tritis. 
(b>  Trochitj^  firiati   lapides  solarci^ 
Striii  R^^d^nr  e  centro    vel    cavitatc    ad    penpheriam 
excurrentibus ,  jam  pluribus    tenuioribus,   jara   pau- 
cioribus    latioribus.       Qvi    cavitate   central!  carent, 
voCari  Anient  Lipiits  Sidares.    , 
(c)  TroChitj*  ftellati. 
Sunt  in  utfaqtrfe  fuperficie' ftella    omati,  fimplici   vel 

duplici   qvinqvangulari. 
Harum    varietatum     omnes     figurae    confpici    poflunt 
in  WALca  5^  R.  Tab.  lU.   No    !• 

J.  ZOOPHYTOLITHI   articulorwn    cmpofitortm   feu  p#. 

tioli  cylindriKd  fiellarwn  marinarum^  forma  cylindrical 

centro  diJHnUo ,  fuperficie  extrinfeca  per  circuhsj   in  dt- 

terminata  diftantia^  divifa,     Entrochita.  Sp.  469. 

Entrocbi  vcl  Enirocbi  coluwnares.    Nonnullorum* 

ColumnelU. 

HelmirAQlibm  IfUis  Entrocba.  v.  LiNMe.   i(J8*   '7» 
Zoopbytolitbi  petioli  CylindraceiJUllcs  marin(J^.       Schultx 
£.  Ferjl.  Seeji. 

Sveth.  Entrochiter.     Wauar 
Gall.   Entrochites  ov  Entrocjves 
Germ.  Entrochitkn.  Wauzenstkhii 

Sunt  lapides    Spathos   columnarcs  vcl  cylindrici,  ma* 
jori  vel  minori    altitudine,  k  Trocbitis   (N-o   4)    pluribus 

vel 


Digitized  by 


Coogle 


vcl  paucloribui,  uno  in  alterum  impofito ,  compofiti, 
centre  cavi  aut  alia  materia  impletoi  in  fuperficie  cx- 
trinfeca' orbicularis  circuUs  vel  incifuris,  qvi  »rticula- 
tioncs  feu  Trochitas  indicant,  divifi ,  intrinfece  fuper- 
ficie, tam  infcriori  qvam  fupcriori  gaudcnt  plana,  vel 
radiata  vel  ftellata 

Ct)  ENTRocHiT*tewy.    VolvolabLjioii. 

Cylindricui  lapii,    SchEUcmzbR  Or.  Hdv.  f.   154.- 
Circuli  fuperficialei  &  commiffara  funt  in  his ,    fine 

dabio,  detritae. 
(h)  Entrochitab  laves ,  ventre  tumidi.    Cad itae. 
DoUola  ScHBtJCHZBR  Or^  Helv.  fig.  i55'  «5<. 
Lachmond  Or.  Bildesb.  p»  $6.  N-o  6.  Lanh.  Htfl. 
L.  Fig,  Tab.  XX  /♦  /.  2.  BouRovBT  Tr.  des  tetr, 

T.  LVm.  f.  411,   4»».  ^    .      .■..',, 

fc)  ENiRoCHiT*  radiati,  cormUffuru  ctrcular^s  toru 
fpicuis/jigura  coma.     Borovbt  In  d$i  PetrtJ.  U 

LVln.  6g   415-  46.  ^  .      .     ,   -u.,  «„ 

Cd)  Entrochit*  radiati  cmmilfuru  areviaribm  con- 
rpicuis,  figura  (ylindrkt.   Entrochi  ctlindracbi.  ' 
Horum  commiffuras    circulaft*   inveniuntur  plus   mi- 
nas  profundts   feu  incif«,  aliqvando  qvafi  denutae, 
aliqvando   catenulats.  Bourovet    Ir.   des   rttrtj. 
Tab.  LVm,  f   4»<S,  4»7»  4*S. 
(t)  Entrochitj*  fteiloAi. 
JJleria  Columnaris,  Schbuchzer  Of»  IMr.   u  150, 

153- 

Sunt  tam  in  fammitate  qvam  btfi,  ftdla  n^tati,  k 
TrocWis  SteUatis  No  4.  lit.  e.  compofiti. 

Figuras  harum  varietttum  exMbet  Walch  m  St. 
R:  Tab*  in.  N.o  i.  Pleraqve  &  fi  noa  omnes. 
Urn  Trochitarum  qvam  ErOrocborum  ^  in  Lbibnitu 
Prolog.  Tab.  X.  icone$  confpia  poffunt,  nee  non 
Entrochi  radice  curva^  quas  figuras  eaedcm  repcnuntur 
in  LACHMtnro  Or,  HUdesh.  p.  55* 

F  f  4  0*/* 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


4f«  rw  c  o )  K} 

0*/  Corpora  Orlginalla  ad  h»c  petrificata,  qva  immenra  co- 
pia  aoonullw  m  lods  repcriuntur  congcfta  A  cum  calcarea 
Mltna  10  imam  mafTam  ooncreta,  nondum  licei  adarovw 
Unt  co^Dita;  non  dabUamut  tamea  qvioheic  fuiim  locum 
haheant  inter  ^^//j/  marwar.  Lang  I  us  in  HiO.  L.  Fir. 
exiftimavit  his  Upid«.  efle  articuIation^s  Entrocbi  ramoji 
moxdefcribendi;  tiWxftelU  marina  peduncuhtit,  qvalera  defer}- 
^  Prv  /!^-i  ^/V;?^  *"  Befcbr^ii,.  Grdid.  Tbterphl.  &  Ellis 
ISfA  V-  ^^ ^'^^'^-  ^-  9^-  '<*  C^^""»  eft ,  q vod  non  pro 
(fjjibiit  vel  partibu? /)^«iwi  hibjri  pafFint,  ,  ut  olim  exifti- 
iDiruat  Lu.Divs  in  /fU  Bm.  p.  31  &  iM-ac  Volckman 
la  *^/,  5«4^,  p.  I,  Cap.  V.  p.  1 61. 

<•  ZOOPHYTOLITHI    artkutorum    c$mp6/ttorum    flelhu 
Tum  marimrwn^  radiis  cylindricis  pluribus  Unuiotibut 
ix  una   radice  propuUulantibm ,  fere  digUorum  inftar  ex 
,    ^  ^bus  metacarpi.     Entrochi  ramosi.      Spcc^  470* 
Zoopbyttditbus  AflropbyH^ 
^lirBpodium  ramofkm.     LvriDii   N©.    iijt. 
Cipta  Meduft.     RuMPPit  T.  16. 
-jl/inpbytim.     Likckii  T.   tg.  jo. 
EncrinU(B  columnares,     NoarMirLLoRaH. 
Sveth,   Orbniga  Ent^chiter 
<5aJf.    Bhtroqitbs  brancuurs.       ErottRt    dC    msr 

»TaiFiijE8 

Germ.    AST   UND  ZwBIOPORMIQ    CRWa^CHSEMR   WALT- 
ZENSTEms. 

^ant  laptde^  rarwrca  ,  fpathafi  ^  cMipofiti  k  tcnuicn 
Hbtif  Entrocbis  radiatis  vcl  ftellatis,  pluribua  (N.o  5) 
qvafi  ab  mta  radice  propuUulantibus  ,  divcrfa  ramiiica- 
tioa©  &  ramorunj  majdri  vcl  minori  Romero  ^  wdcm 
fere  »odo,  Dt  digit!  ex  offibus  metacarpi;  qvm  mcta- 
carjM  o(&  lapidea  folcat  cflfc  formata  i  pluribus  angu- 
latis  dibi^  fcparatii,  aliqranda  lavibus,  aliqvando  ftria* 
tis>  intcfd»ni  phai*viiiterduiTi  angulantis. 

Ca)  EhH'RocTTi  RAMI?!,  r imts   tiivaricaiis. 

Knorr  L.   U».  D.  T.    P    IL    Tab.  XXVIU^  f»  2. 
GvETTARD  ia  J(l.  Purif.   1755.  T.  14.  £•   i,  a,  3. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


(b^  Entrochi  ramosi,  ramis  amtraSis.     Rhoditjb^ 
Knorr    1.    c.     P.    11.    Tab.    XXIX.    f.    i.    Gv£t- 
TARD  ^cl.  Pari/.   1755.  Tab.  14.  t  4* 

Obf.  De  Entrochis    raroofis   cfr.   Epitome  Tranf.  philof.  II. 
6c  Fischer  in  Praef.  ad  Linckii  Tu  de  Stell.  Mar. 

7.  ZOOPHYTOLITHI  articulorum  anguloforum  feparato^ 
rum  feu  fimplicium  ftelUe  marina  vel  Medufa^  forma  prif- 
matica^  figura  pentagma  vel  polygona^  fuperne  6f  inferm 
Jlella  qvinqvangulari  omata.     asteria.  Spec.  47 !• 

Svetll.    ASTKRIER*   KANTIOfi    StIERI^STEMAR 

Gall.  AsTLRiES 

Germ.  Asterien.     Sternstbinb 

Sunt  lapides  fpatbofi  angulare.^,  prifmatis  breviorit 
&  minoris  forma ,  centro  cavi ,  in  futnmicate  &  ball, 
ilella  utplurlmum  qvinqvangulari  omati ;  videntur  efft 
articuli  fingulares  &  feparati  ab  aileriis  columnaribus^ 
ipecie  fubfeqvente  defcribcndis  • 

(a)  ASTERiA  qvadrangubtris^ 
Sunt  rariflimse. 

(b)  A^TERiA  qvinqvangularet. 

BouRovBT    Tr.  des  Pern/.  Tab.  Lvm.  f.  413, 
424,  429,  431.     Walcu  St.  R^  Tab.  in.  N.o^i. 

Obf.  Noanulli  Ulos  orones  lapidet,  AJlerias  vocant,  qvi  fielh 
oroatu  five  cylindrlcl  five  prifmatici  fueriot,  atqve  Troehor 
ft  Entrocbof  illos  lapidea,  ^vi  ftella  (Parent;  ex  hoc  fun- 
damento  olim  in  regno  minerall  JJletias  in  Crbiculatas  &  An^ 
gularer  diflinximus,  Ted,  licet  origiualia,  horum  corporum 
nondum  fiat  exafte  cognita,  debuimus  tamen  beic  roagis  ad 
figuram  extrinftcam  attendere,  qva  ilia  confufio  evitaturt 

J  van  ad  fiellam,  qvm  in   Trocbiiia  &  Entro^ia  fepius 
eiideratur ,  nunqvam  vero  in  afteriis*  Praeunten  qyoque 
boc  in  punftoiiabemuaScHVLTZB  io  Hetr.  von  Seefi. 

f .  ^ZOOPHYTOLITHI  OFticuhnm  angidofmm  ftella 
marina  vd  medufa ,  forma  prijwatica^  pnUagona  velplu' 
rmm  anguUnrum^  in  baji  & fummitate  Jlella  qvinqvangu- 

Ff  5  lar 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


45«  P^(  o  )  Kl 

lari  mtati^  fi^erficieper  lineas  vel  circuhs^  in  determi^ 
nata   difiantia^    divifa,     AsteRi/ik    Columnarbs. 

SpeG»  472. 

Entrocbi  angular es  ftellatu     Nonnullorum. 
Helmintholiibus  IJidis  Jljleria  v.  LiMNe  i68»    18* 
Svcth.  Kantige   Stiernpelarb 

Call.    ASX£»1£S     COLOMKAIRES 

Germ.  St£Rnsa£UL£NST£inb 

Sunt  lapidcs  fpathofi  ^  forma  coluranari  prifmatica 
jhgolofa,  pcntagona  vcl  plurium  ingulorum  ,  .  majori  vcl 
minori  altitudine ,  ab  jifteriis  (N'o  7)  feu  ab  articulis 
angulatis  fuperne  &  infeme  ftella  notatis,  pluribus  vcl 
paucioribus  ^  uno  in  alterum  impofito ,  compofiti ,  un- 
dc  &  in  horum  articulonim  comn^UTuris  ,  externa  ho- 
rum  prifmatura  fuperficics  lineis  transverfalibus ,  in  d€« 
terminata  diitantia,  eft  divifa. 

(a)  AsTKRiAB  coLuMKAiiBf)  tciragma^ 

(b)  AsTERiAB  coLUMVAEBs,  peM^ona^     Sphaagis 

ASTBROS   GesHERU 

BouRovET   Tr.  des  Petrif.  Tab.  LVm.  f.  411*  43^* 
-Baibr  Or.  Nor.  Tab.  L  f.  la,  ij,   14*    Mbllk 

de  Lap.fig^  Lyg.'t.  I.  t  3.     Roami  StdL  T.  V. 

KuNDMAN  Rar.  N.  &  A*  Tab.  X.  f.  14. 

Cc)  AlTERIAB  COLUMNARBS^  pOlygOfUB. 

Bourovbt   Tr.    des  Petrif.    T.    LVIIL    tg.    4iS« 
Schbuchzbr  Or.  Helv/f.  151. 

Cd^   AsTERlAB    CoLUMNAREf,   incif(B  &    Tiodofi. 

Profundig  picrumqve  gaudcnt  incifuris  &  anguht 
pun£tati$  qvafi  aculeatis.  Bourgvrt  Tr.  des  Petrif. 
Tab.  LVin.  fig^  413.  Scheuchzer  Or^  Belv. 
fig.  I?i. 
Prastcrqvam  Au&orei  nominatos,  oranei  hm  fignrs 
confpiciuntur  in  Walch  St.   R.  Tab*  Hi.  N.o.  a« 

9.  ZOO- 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


9,  ZOOPHYTOLITin  ftella  marimst]^  radiis  ut  plurimum 
contractis  y  meris  afleriis  columnaribus^  coUateralibus ,  ab 
is  tx  Uno  caule  dependmtibus  ita  cotnpoJiUy  tu  fomam 
qvodammodo  floris  Lilii  ojitndant.    £hcrini»     Spec« 

Encrinus  Pentacrinus^ 

Lilium  Lapideum.     NoBTMULLeRUM. 

Udn\intbolithus  IJtdis  fafciculo  conferto.  v.  Lmjsi  169  tt. 

jdfitria  columnaris  entrocbp  Jimilis ^  arcuata.       ScHEUCh- 

Z£R  Lith.   I.  f   4. 
2Qof>bytolztbus  Jiella  con^o/ita^  ex  corpw^e  five  baft  una  flu- 

ribus^  radiis  feamdariis  decern^      C^snjbr  de  petrif. 

3 1  N.o  4. 

,^fleria.     Ans.  B,  i  Boot, 
Sveth.  Encrinitkr^     Liliestbkar 
Gall.  Encrinites  ou  Lis  db  pierri 
Germ.  Encrinitkn.     Liljbksteivb 

Sunt  compofiti  ramis  parallelis  angulatis ,  81  !• 
▼el  12)  feu  afteiiis  columnaribus  5,  6  vel  plurium  an« 
guloruin^  ad  invicem  articulads,  ab  uno  trunco  feu  ba- 
ii  prodeuncibus  ^  &:  eo  ippdo  ramificatis ,  ut  in  fummi- 
iate  Liiium  aliqvo  modo  rcpraBfentent ,  petalis  pl^s  mi* 
aus  expands. 

(a)  Encriwites  petalis  expanfis. 
Eft  rariffimus.     Knorr  Lap.  Dil  T»  P.   I.  Tab.  XI. 
b  Davii^a  Cdal.  T.  HI.  fig.  i. 
Cb^  Encr  nitbs  petdis  contraSlis. 

Hic  freqventiui  occurrit  Harekbbrg  Encr.  T.  L 
f.  /,  jy  4^  7.  Lachnund  Or.  Hildesb.  p.  57. 
Ro  SINUS  de  ftcU.  m.  T.  !♦  Walch  T.  IL 
N.o  cit  a- 

Obf.  Ad  fuarn  Origlnem  vldentnt  hi  lapldes  ad  flellai  mMffnat 
ramojas  vel  arborefcentes  efle  refereodi ,  &  qvidem  qvas 
Qvettard  In  i^ff.  t^if.  1755  Tab.  8»  9,  10  vooat 
fa/ara/  mofinas^  &  qvas  dicit  efle  diflio^as^  Caput  Me- 
duJU  LiNCKii  (N;o  8»  b;   4(  a  Zoopbjto  maris  Gronlandi- 

ci. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


rf,  qv5d  defcripfic  Mtlivs  it  Befchr.  GtHnUni.    Thier^ 
pbkmze  &  Ellis  in  HiJI.  NsU.  of.  Corall,  p.  g6* 

10.    ZOOPHYTOLITHI  mimres    baftos    Encrimtarum^ 

feu  articuli  cbroUam  cum  petiolo  connecleniis*       LAPit 

ARTicuLARis.  Spec    474» 

Bafis  PerUracrinu   Nonnullorum. 

Lapis  petUagonus.  Wolffart  H.  N.  Hajf.  T.  XXII.  7^ 

SvCih.    LSNCKSTBK.    FRMHOeRNlG    LBNCKSTEy 

GalL     Basbs    D'  Encrinitks    ou    Sommbt     d'  En- 

TROqVES 

Germ.  Gelenksteiit^  Sternhaobu  Stbrn- 
wQrzel 

Eft  lapis  plerumqve  finguhris,  qvinqvangulans  vcl 
hexangularis ,  raro  petiolo  columnari  adhuc  adherens, 
in  qvo  apparent  totidem  incifiones  i  centro,  in  qvo 
ftellula  vel  fios  pencaphyllos  apparet,  conne^lunt  in  Ea^ 
crinis  corallam  cum  petiolo* 

Ca)  Lapis  articularis  ,  nuijon  Astrovodium 
Pentagokum. 

Da  VILA  Catal.  T.  m.  p.  194.  No.  141.  Bourn  G« 
VKT  Tr.  des  pitrif.  Tab.  LVin.  fig.  407^  408^ 
Knorr  U  D.  T.  Tab.  XVL  fig.  5*  6.  Ha- 
HEKBERG  Encr.  T.  L  f.  i.  Walch  Su  R.  Tab. 
n^  N.o  t.  b. 

(b)  Lapis  articularis  ,  minor.  Schtphaidbs 
Schbuhzbri. 

BouRGVET  Tr.  des  petrif.  Tab.  XlIL  f.  Si,  8^* 
ScHEucHzBR  Orycbt.  Hdv.  U  176.  LaNg«  Ihft. 
Lap.  Tab.  XlX.  £♦  2.  j. 

(c)  Lapis  articularis  ,  cum  petiolo  colunmaru 
Bourgvet   Tr.  des  petrif.  Tab.  LVIII.  fig.  AO^ 

lit  ZOOPHYTOLITHI  wnmesy  forma  {f  magmtuii' 
m  foryopbylli  officinalis.  Cartophtllitbs«  Sp.  47  f« 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


fX  (  O  )  Kj  461 

Modioli ftellati.  Lmoii  No«  I'S^'    Schbuchzbri 

Or.  Helv.  Baikri.  Or.  Nor.  p.  42. 
Caryophyllus  Lapiaeus^  Wagner  jiU^  N^  C  Dec.  II. 

Ann.  IIL  p.  370. 
Helmintolitbus  IJidis  turbinatus ,  limbo  pentagono  qvinjvc'^ 

dentm.  V.  LiNN^.  i(J9.  a 2. 
Svcth.    Caryophtlliter      Neglickestbnar 
Gall.  Caryopmtlles  ou  CArtophllitbs 
Germ.   CARrOPHYLLlTBN.      Nblkehstbxnb 

Sunt  lapides  minores  fpathofi  ,  forma  &  roagnitu- 
dine  caryophyllorum  officinaliuin  feu  floris  carapanifor- 
nis  in  marg'nem  pcntagonam  expanfi,  cum  cavitate, 
qvam  cxplet  lamina  ftcllaris  pcntagona  concava,  bafi  a- 
curoinata  latlufcula  circello  pundaco  coronata  &  punQ« 
ccntrali  cxcavata^ 

fa)  Caryophtllitbs    Mragonus* 
ScHEucHZER  Or.  Helv.  fig.    164, 

(b)  CartuphYLlites  pentagonus. 

BouRGVET  Tr.  des  petrif.  Tab.  XIII.  fig.  74 ,  ?8# 
Baier  Or^  Nor^T.  L  U  18.  Schbuchzrr  Or. 
Helv.  f.  166  &  167.  WalCh  S^  R.  Tab.  Il* 
No.  2.  c.  c. 

(c)  Caryophyllites     hexagonus.       Flos     hetago- 

KUS  CORALLOIDES.     BoURGVET.      ScHEUCHZER    Or. 

Helv.  U  1 65,  BouRGVET  Tr.  dis  petrif.  Tab.  XIII* 
fig.  73.    &  76. 

Obf.  Modioli  ii  Luidio  &  teWqvh  hi  lapldes  funt  voettf, 
qvum  exillimarunc  eosdefn  e(fe  areas  ^<//ir  marirue  cujas- 
dam,  patrl&cataa.  ^/ii  exffiimarunt  efle  mrticulot  de  yfe//a 
marina  arbore/cente  qvadam,  qvo  cafu  ejusdem  origtnis  es- ' 
fent  cum  Trochit  &  Entrocbis.  /fer^firiorf/ nonnuUi  con- 
tenduat  eosdem  eju^^dem  efle  generis  com  Lapiie  articulari 
nuper  defcripto.  El  lis  in  //.  N.  of.  Corall.  dicit  adCofiif- 
lim  fteiUtf  corpora  referri  debere.  Certum  eft «  originate 
noadum  efle  adcqvate  cogoitum,  probabiliter  vero  conten- 
dimus  hos  lapides  fuam  originem  debere  Corallinis  ramo/is 
articuiatii,  &  dc  eorundem  effeJUmmitatef  adeoqve  jure  in- 
ter Zoophytolithoa  counumerari.  Mj 


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4«t  tX  C  o  )  Kf 

CB)    ZOOPHYTOTYPOUTHL       TTfOLiTHi 

ZoophYtorum. 

Sveth.      AfT&TCK     AK      MASKAR       ELLBR      ZoOfUT- 
TKR 

GalU   Ttpolithes  ou    Ehpeeiktbs   des    Zoo* 

PHTTES 

Germ.    AbdrQckb     von     Zoophttbn.        Spuhr* 

STEIN£   VOH    ZOOPH^TEK 

Sunt  lapidcs  calcarei  vcl  (chiftofi,  in  qvibus  vcfti- 
gia  Zoophytorum  iinprefla  reperiuntur)  vel  vacua  vel 
materia    peregrioa  implett. 

la.   TYFOLITHI   fiela  marina.       Akhisem    icokes. 

Spcc»  476. 
jiracbneolithu 
Sveth.    Aftrtck   af    SicesTiBRlfoR    bllbr    Stbx.-* 

LITER 

Gall.  Empreintes  db  Etoilbs   db   mbr 
Germ*  AbdrQckb  von  Sbestbrnen 

Faciem  qvodammodo  habent  aranearum ,  pedibut 
tfxpanris,  unde  noraen  obtinuerunt,  &  a  nonnulUs  ^ra- 
cbneolithi  futit  vocati  •  occurrcrc  folent  in  Scbifto^  qvi  fi- 
mul  veftigia  pifcium  exhibet.  Pappenbeitn.  K  h  0  R  R  L. 
17,  D.  I.  P.  I.  Tab,  n.  f.  6^  &  Tab.  13.  c.  f.  2. 
,13.  TYFOLITHI  ftella  maritUB  crinita.  Spec.  477- 
Sveth.  Aftryck  af  tabfwsadb  Siocstiernor 
Gall.  £mprrimtb»   des  Etoilbs   db  mer   crivi* 

TES 

Germ,  abdrucke  v6h  gbbartetbn  Se^sternbh 

Hujusraodi  flcllae  marina  feu  Capitis  Medufa  vcfti- 
jia  rcpcriri  dicuntur,  non  folum  in  arenarlo  lapide  pif* 
na'enjt^  ut  indicavit  Helck  in  Hamb.  Magazin  T  IV. 
P.  V.  p.  546.  Sed  &  in  fchifto  Pappenheiwienp^  ut  re- 
fcrt  Baumer  in  Min.  R^  T.  11.  p.  js^.  sec  non  in  Cal- 

careo 


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etreo  Riddersdorfienfi  <  r.  K  h  o  r  R  von  merkwiird.  des 
Natur.  Lbhman  vero  in  Mineral,  p.  loi.  Figuras  his 
in  hpidibus  nomtnatis  obvias  non  a  Zoopbytis  deducen- 
das  contendit  9  fed  a  Calcarea  terra  ab  aqvis  foluta  ^  de- 
inde  veto  inter  ftrata ,  fiuxa  aqvaruin  mire  flexo  ,  de- 
pofita  i  vel  ab  aqva  inter  ftrata  fluente  &,  diverfimode 
flexa^  hos  lapides  fenfiin  deterente.  Negare  non  pof- 
furaus,  figurain  qvam  adpofuit  Ba.umbr  1.  c.  fig.  13. 
huic  LehmaaaiansB  fencentiaB  favere.  Hos  lapides  non 
vidimus, 

14.  TYPOLITHI  Entrocbi.  Spec.  47g. 
5veth.  Aftryck  ak   Ektrochitbr 

Gall.  Empreintes  des  Entroqvks 
Germ.  Abdrucke  von  Entrochiteit 

Hujusmodi  lapides  alibi  cakarei  ^  alibi  JUicei^  qvi 
veftigia  iropreflTa  Entrochorum  gcrunt,  inveniuntur  in 
Gottlandia^  nee  non  in  j^gto  Liihecenfi^  ut  indicat  J^  k 
Mellb  de  Lap.  Fig.  Lubec.  p.  n  Tab.  I.  fig.  4« 

15.  TYPOUTHI  jijleria.  Spec.  479. 
Sveth.  Aftryck  af  astbrier 

Gall.  Empreintes   des  Astbribs 
Germ.  AbdrUcke  von  asterien 

Veftigia  &  impreffiones  Afteriamra  in  filicc  in  a- 
gro  Lubecenji  reperiri  indicat  J*  k  Mblle  de  Lap.  Fig^ 
Lubec.   p.  II. 

(C)   ZOOPHYTA     MINERALISATA. 
Sveth.  Miner ALisBRADE  Zoophyter 
Gall-  Zoophytes  mineraljsebs 
Germ.  Mineralisirtb   Zoophyten 

16  ZOOPHYTA  MINERALISATA.  Pyritacea. 

Spec.  480* 

Sveth.  KiESHALTicB  Zoophyter 

Call. 


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Gall.  Zoophytes   PYRiTBusBt 

Germ.  Kibshaltigb  ZoopHYTfiM 

Exerapla  Zoophytorum  iniiier&lifatonim  pyritacea  ha* 
bcmus  a  BeletnnUis^  qvorum  &  mencionem  facit  Hlwc« 
XEL  in  pyritboL  p.  i^^.  nee  non  Schkuchzbr  in  Or. 
Helv.  ex  monte  Legtrio  in  Helv.  BaibR  in  Or.  Nor.  p. 
38  Encrinita  pyritacei  reperiao^ur  ad  Boll,' in  U^urUmbtrg. 
cfr    Davila  Ou.  T.  III.  p.   192    No.  239, 

17.  ZOOPHYTA  MINERALISATA  fernii.  Spee. 

48  !• 
Svcth.  Jernhaltigb   Zoophttbr 
Gall.  Zoophytes  pbrrugihbuses 
Germ.  Eisbnualtige  ZoopnyrBN 

Ad  Neufchatd  10  Gallia  occurrunt  Belemnita  fernigi** 
net;  qvales  etiam  in  aliis  ferrifodinis  occurrere  folenc 
ttt  in  Comitatn  Baden  in  Helv.  cBr.  Schbuchzbr  Or. 
Helv.  p.  15 1.  Capitis  Meduifa  AracbnoidH  tarn  integriqvam 
in  partes  difcerpti  exempla  reperiri  Ocbr^  martiali  in« 
duratsB  inhaerentia ,  ad  Dblfcben  in  vdle  Plauenjt  refert 
ScHuLTZB  in  Betr.  von  Seeft.  Entrocbiti  ferfug;inei  oc- 
currunt in  minera  martiali  Blardtenburgenfi   HytUnroda. 

J 8*  ZOOPHYTA  MINERALISATA  columnaria  ex 
difcis  feu  lamellis  inrbicularibus  Jlriatis ,  ab  invicem  pa- 
rum  diftantibus  compofita ,  facie  trocbleata  ^  fed  absqve 
fpirali  duUu.     Lapidbs  Trochleati*      Spec.  48^* 

Epitonium. 

Helmintholitm  diffepimentis  orbicularibus  di/lantibusy  fdo 
centrali  conmxis.     v.  Likn6    170.  d4« 

Sveth.  Stenskrufvar 

Gall.    PiBRRBS     Trochlbaires 

Germ«  Schraubb^^steine 

Sunt  laoidcs  fufci  martiales,  figufa  columnar!,  ex 
difcis   feu   lamellis  orbicularibus    ftriatis,   determinata  ab 

invi" 


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,  invicem  diilantia  feparatis  cum  caoaliculo  centrum  columns 
transeuntc,  interdum  cavo  interdura  repleto  ^  ad  qucm  lamel- 
lae iunc  adtixse  cum  interftitio  inter  easdem  lamellas  parallel 
las  deprcflo  &  vacuo  ,  adeoquc  &  non  continuo  vcl  fpirali 
duclu  prorepeute,  unde  filcie  trochles  hi  lapides  gaudent  , 
reipfa  vcro  trochleati  non  funu  Huttenrode  Blanckenburg^  Fi- 
gura  confpicitur  in  Walch  St.  R,  Tab.  3.  N;o.  j.  &  Baw» 
MEK.   Miner,  Tom,  I,  fig,  47, 

Ohf.  I.  U Itimum  inter Zoophytalapldca his  lapidibusaflig0a*i 
vimus  locum »  incerti  undenam  origincm  habcnt.  Ut  petri^ 
JUata  eosdem  confidcrarc  non  poffumus ,  quum  nunquam, 
pctrificatorum  more  rcpcrtifint  mztctisL  Jpatbacea  ^  cakariA 
z\xt  filictay  fed  utplurimum  martiali  ^  aliqudodo  &  quar%oJa 
j^rout  refcrt  VoGEL  in  Mm,  p,  137,  quae  nunquam  cil  ob- 
Icrvata  petrification cs  ingrcdi^  ut  reticeamus,  nunquam 
adhuc  repertum  cH'e  analogon ,  ne  dicam  originale^  vegcta- 
flj*'bilc  aut  animak  hac  figura.  Ut  Nuckot  cosaem  confidcta-  • 
rC)  prohibcc  eorundcm  Ibu&ura  organica^quxnuclelscam'* 
petcre  non  potell^  prohibet  etiam  cadcm  materia  quar%ofd, 
qua  nulli  nuclei  conipofiti  adhuc  funt  repertL  Sunt  itaquc 
lapides  nngularioriginet  forfau  a  terra  mattUliy  ininteflH- 
tia  cntroebi  vel  alius  lapidt^  columnaris  trafti ,  fe  deponentc, 
cfr.  LifiBEROT  in  Hamb,  Ma^^az.  T^IX.P.  I.  P,  73.  &  T,  ' 
XIV.  p.  94,  ScHULTZEH  Abb.  ci^on  Mcerjlern  p»  17.  &  34.. 
Lehman  Mineral  p.  103, 

ebf.  2.  Belemnitas  dari  cum  fuperficialiter  Inbxrente  galen£t 
plumbi  refcrunt  B£i£R  in  Or,  Nor,  p.  57.  &  alii,  fed,  ut 
hujusmodi  Bclemnitae  non  ad  fuam  indolem  funt  mutati^eos' 
dem  itaquc  ut  ^oopbyta  mineralifata  plumbea  confidcrare  noa 
poflumus.  Sic  lignid  vcl  ftrrea  inllrumenta  cum  adfixis 
partiAiIis  gaUnicis  illullrant  quidcm  thcoriam  dc  gcncfi  ml^ 
cerarum  hodiema  ,  fed  ut  peculiarcs  fpt^cics  coaiidtfari 
Bon  poffunt.  ,tm^^^r   ,. 

Ohf.  circa  Hdmintolithos. 

0kf»  An  till  unguam  fint  obfervati  i/ermes  pitripsti^  quta 
quos  IndicavimuB  &  in  fequcnti  genere  ujldceorum  defcri- 
Dcre  volumuS)  valde  dubitamus.  Albrecht  in  Afl.  N,  C 
Vol,  VI.  obf.  30.  Tab^IL  f.  2.  facit  mentionem  Lumbri- 
coRUM  T&RR&STRIUM  pctfifioatonmi  #  ftd  banc  obfer* 
▼ttionem  in  medium  reUaquimui* 

a  eg  s.  i|}« 


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4.  HELMrNTOLITHI  TESTA- 

CEI.  CONCHILIA  FOSSILIA.   Gcn.65. 

OJlracoJermaia  foffilia.  Nonnullorum^ 

SuCtlu  CoNCHTtlEt. 

GalL  CoqyiLLES  ou  Coquiilagfs  fossiles. 
Gcvtfi.  Veilsteinerti  Schaalthiere. 

Sub  hoc  gcnere  comprchcndinius  tejiasii  cmfiasver^ 
mium  marinorumj  que  uao  nomine  concbylia  appelUri 
folcnty  &  ingcnd  numero,  non  folum  diverfis  lapiilibus« 
utpotc  calcareis  ^  Jiliceis  ^  arenaceis  vcl  Jcbiftofis  inclufa, 
fed  8r  ia  ftntis  tcrrarum  Ic  locis  fubterraneis  ,  imo  ^  in 
luperficie  tcUuris  ,  ubivis  ,  fere  rcpejriuntur  difperfa  Tcl 
iccuniul^)  diverfimode  plus  minus  mutata. 

Otf,  I.  Communittr  diyidl  folcnt  omnia  t^t^n  anfmaliate 
mmrina  &  terrefiri^  ;  fed  9  tjt  a  teneftribus ,  nullum  adbuc 
repertum  eil .  quantum  nobis  notum ,  pecri&catum ,  illam 
itaque  diftindfonem  prcttrirc  poflumui ,  folum  ad  teftaces 
marirA  petrificata  &  in  looia  fubterraneU  obvia  refpickntct. 

eU.  t.  Inter  conchYlia  fi3flil!a  magnus  certe  eft  numerut  eo- 
rum  ^  quorum  mgitidt  nondum  eft  deteftum  vel  eogni* 
tum«  imo,  pauoa  dantur  qus  ezaftam  habcnt  funiUtudi- 
nem  cum  iis  quae  in  maribua  five  meridionalibus  five  feptcn- 
trionaUbusl\intobferyata.  Hire  animalcula  Aiiicum  tefti* 

•  bus  hinc  plurimi  ad  deperdlta  referunt ,  quod  impugnare  non 
poflumus ,  credibUioa  licet  nobis  vtdeatur  eadem  fbrfan  in 
abyflb  pelaei  adhuc  hol^pltare «  vel  aliquam  fublifle  muti- 
donem  in  £ru£tura  teilv',  mutata «  poft  diluvium,  aqna 
marina  >  mutato  k  allmento* 

Ad  (ingulas  adtendere  mutationes  quas  conchylia  ma* 
rina  in  gremio jerrse  recondica  fubieninc »  nimis  prolixum 
minus  &  neceflarium  videtur  »  ad  feqnenres  vero ,  pna- 
eipuasi  ut  attendamus  necefle  eft,  unde  luecce  concbyli^ 
in  feptem  gtnera  uffmora  fubdividitnus. 

1:0, 

"^  Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


1:0.    CoNCHYllA  .FEXKIFICATA  ^     quae   IQ   hpidcOl 

0gJcMreumy  aut  filiceum  ^  ituic  muuca;  participaacia  dc 
lUturt  lapidis  ia  quo  hofpicaaCt 

1:0.  CoNCHTLiA  TirpiCA)  fcu  lapidcs  rre/^«i\  cal^ 
gsTii ,  arinacei  vcl  fcbifiofi^  in  quibus  icones  S  vcftigia 
coachyiiorum  fimc  iiuprc(u  ,  ipfum  vcro  corpus  4eft£u» 
6um  I  cujusmodi  lapidcs  ConcbyliotypQlUbi  vocantur. 

^.X>.  CoNCHYLio&uM  NUCLEI  fufit  dlnrcffi  gcficris 
lapidcs  in  ca?itatibus  conchyliorum  formati,  tcfta  aq>lu* 
ximum  dcftruAa,  unde  hi  lapidcs  exuinfcce  ilia  gaudcur 
£gttra»  qu£  tcftacco  corpori  eft  inrrfnfcca ,  &  ex  advcrfo, 
laulLa  prxditi  incrinicce  ftrudura  organica. 

4:0.  Conch YLiA  mineealisata  yvaporcfulphuixe 
MC  terra  tuccalllca  pcnctrau  &  impraegnaca. 

f  :o,  CoNCHTLiA  iMMUTAtA>  qus  tti  ftncit  tcfra- 
fum  vcl  lupcrficie  occurruat  i  vix  nlfi  colore  nadfo  mu* 
«ca  pkrumquc  &  fragilipra  diuturnitate  tcmporis  fadau 

6.*o«  CoNCHYLiA  DEST&ucCA,  quc  Ycl  caldnatioa 
He  quadam  auc  corrofione  vcl  motu  &  fr^Sura  »  vcl  ali, 
qoaciliquc  caufla  >  reperiunnir  crola^  oiHoica)  iradai 
Ino  I  iu  pulvercm  aliquaudo  coocrua* 

7:0.  CowCHrtiA  comi>lk:ata,  que  piurimis  8t  di« 
irerfis  ^nftant  conchyliis  in  una  maifa  calcarea  durior« 
#oncreus  ,  fiuiul  ^  ispc  cum  vcftiuiis  coiK^hyliorum  ixsk^ 
^cffii>  qui  vocari  folcor  LuMACHEctiE* 

CO  CX3NCHYUA  PETRIFICATA-     CoMCiiru^ 

LAPIDEA 
Suedu  STENWAKDIADt   CoNCUTLIER* 

GalL  CoqpiLLES  fiiTrifices* 

Germ.  Versteini*tb  Conchylien. 

Sunt  CoachylU  plcrumque  in  cakamm  niiui  fiik^ 
indolcm  mucau^  vix  in  aliam, 

Gi%  Urn 

'       Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


4tfg  j>4  (  o  >  Xj 

Haec  ipf*  cadcm  mcthodo  , .  qua  zoologi  utuntur^ 
•ommodc  dividi  poflunt  ia  mivalvia  ,  bivalviM  &  md^ 
tivalvia. 

(a)  CONCHYLIA  LAPIDEA  ,  univahia.     CoCH^ 

SuCth.  StENWANDLADE   SxaCKOR.      COCHLITER* 
Gall/COCHLITES   UNIVALVES    PETRIFICE*. 

Germ.  Vbrsteinte  SChnIcken.    Cochliten. 

Ab  his  corporibiis  alia  rcperiuntur  non  turbinates . 
alia  vcro  turbinata^  ci^m  Itaquc  fcqui  volumus  ordincm, 
ut  prior  a  primum  confidcrcmus,  dcindc  fofieriora^  quae 
plus  minus  turbioau  cxiftunc. 

I,  COCHLITiE  non  tutbinati  patellarum,  Patellim* 

Spec*  483* 

Lepadit£» 
Ocuii  taurini. 

Sueth.    PATELLITElt.  Lf  PADITEE^  SkSlMUSSLOII. 

Gall.  Patellites*  Lkpacites.  Oeuil  dk  Boeuf. 
Germ.  Patelliten.   Schaalmuscheln.    ScHQssEt* 
muscheln.  « 

Sunt  non  turbinati ,  undc  &  a  plurimis  ut  con^a 
bivalves  fubtus  concave  &  apertae,  funt  confidcrati ,  for- 
ma coni  latioris  vcl  patellae  cavae  aoertaes  bafi  latt,  m- 
tcrdum  ovali,  interdum  magis  orbiculari  figurat  apiccah- 
quando  parum  incurvato,  acuminato,  codcmque  claula 
vel  perforator 
(a)  Patellita  apice  claufo. 

SCHEUCHZER    Sp,    Utb.    H.    f^   tg*      BCiVRGUET    Tf. 

der  Petri/.  Tab*  XXXL  fig*  197. 198- 159-   Walch 
St.  R.  Tab.  XIlLN:o.  i.b. 

Cb)  Patellit/e  ,  apice  perforata. 
D'Argenville  Conchy   T.  a9.  f»  !•   Baumei^  M?«. 
Tom.  I  f.  23*  a.  t)AviLA.   Cat.  T.  111.  p.  S3^  cx^ 
Italia.^  Courtagnon  &  Baumont^ 

»•  CO- 


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%.  COCHLITiB  non^turbinati  flanarum.  Plakita. 

Spec.  484* 
HaKotka.   . 

Aures  marina  lapidea* 

Sueth.  PtANiTER.  Stenwandladk  NacK5K. 

Gall.    HaLIOTITES.    OrbILLES    DE  MER   PETRIFl^f/ 

Gcrra.  Planiten.  Meerohren.  Versteinte*  Sei- 

oHREN. 

Scnfibilitcr  non  funt  turbinati ,  ideoque  ad  concbMS 
fed  nnrvalves  rcfcrri  folcnt,  fpirali  vcro  conftant  unica 
cademque  aperta,  cum  aliqua  auris  bumana  limilitudi- 
0c  ;  plcrumquc  foraminibus  6  vel  7  la  peripheria  per- 
tu(i. 

(a)  ?L Avir M  foraminoji. 

ScHEucHZER  Spec.  Litb.  H.  f.  go.  LuiDius^  Ichnoer. 
lit  Brit.  ^ 

(b)  PLANiTiB  integri. 

la  italia  repertas  hujasmodi  plankts  indicat   Davi- 

LA.  Cat.  T.  Ill  p\  54. 
t^bf  Plmdta  flint  inter  petrificita  teftaeea  rariffinU* 

3.  COOHLYTMnon  turhinsti  canalium.  CANALiTi^. 

Spec.  48r. 
Tubulita.  Klein^ 
Sipbunculi  maris.  Nonnullorum. 
Dentalita. 

Sueth.  Canaliter.    Tubuliter.    FSrstiha^db 
RorsnSckor. 

Gall.   TUBULITES*       TuiAUX.DI    MER.       DeNTALI- 
TES,  f 

Germ.  Tubuliten.  Rshrbnstexne..  Mierr5hre* 
Sunt  cochlea?  non  turbinatas ,    forma  tubniari  vel 
conica ,  pervias,  diverfa  craffitie  &  magnitudiney  fimiles 
canali  cavo  vel  cornubus  auc  dcntibus  caviSf  interdum 
geniculatae )  inflcxat  vel  contonae. 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Ca)  CakaItt*  nffi.    Entaua.  • 

Sunt  forma  cpiy  ^bfcifH,  inflar  fifVuIac  exet?atiy  In  flk* 
pctfidc  longit'jdinalitcr  firiati,  ftriis  plirt  minus  pr<>» 
fiuidis.  ScHEucHZEH  VinJ.  if  Qj/er.  pijcium  Tab. 
V.  BRilCKMANN  Tb^.  Dvc.  Bruftsm.  Tai.  IV.  /. 
4.  Walch  St.  R.  Tab:  VI.  N:o-  i. 

Qui  fiicicm  habcnt  aeus  fraffa  roiiioris ,  folcnt  appeW 
iari  Acus  MAitiNiC,  fub  his  canaliris  rcftis  bene  com- 
prchcudi  poflfunt  Baumeu  Mm.  T.  L  fig*  4* 

taf,  Jhl«c  entalia  a  BonnuHis  fmrpurn  voeantur  ,   genBaoior 

Purpurjibmtcken. 

(b)  CM9.\trrM  gemculati 9  vel pfuf  mnuf  reflexi.   Vf- 

PER/E    MILITENSES    PETRIFICAT^, 

Exuvia  Jerpentis  lapUeee.  LocHNEr  Mjj/I  B^.  Tab. 
XXXH. 

Sunt  forma  fere  cylindrica,  Inteflinonim  partibus  aut 
farciminibus  (imiles,*  vel  8c  fcrpentibus  plus  iDinoi 
flexisy  fupcrficie  noo  ftriaca,  fed  aut  rugofa  &  in* 
Muali  aut  Isvigata ,  intecdum  reflezi  8c  quafi  gcni- 
cuiati«  Ac.  SciLL  A  van.  Jjpecul.  Tab.  X 11. 8c  XI I L 
ftcHEucHZER  Of.  Helv.  fig.  7«.  nee  non  P'ind.  if 
Upacelii  m.  Tat.  V.  Davila  Cat.  T.  III.  Tab. 
ILfig.  B.b. 

(c)  Canalit^  inflexi^  tortuftfi. 

IrM  aliquando  ut  fpirales  apparent,  8r  edrmm  mrmoms 
nientiuntur.  Scheuchzi?r  Or.  Helv.  fig.  Tg.  Bout* 
GUET  Tr.Jespeirif.  Tab.L.  fig.  318*  3^9.  320. 
(A)  Can khiTM  forma  Jenris  acuii.  Dentalithi.  ^ 
£unt  dentibus  exfertis  y  tel  aprnubus  modice  inflem 
fimiles  A.  Scilla-  van,  Jptc.  Tab.  XVIII..  f.  VI. 
VIL  VlII.  ScHEucKZER  Or.  Hih^  fie.  79.  Walcm 
Si.  R.  Tab-  VI.  I, 

4.  COCHLIT/E  non  turhinati  vermiculorum  marinarum. 
Vbriiiculit^«  Spec.  48^^ 

Vif^ 


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Vernicfd^rum  marzHorum  tefta^  cmaUhus  fimpUciari" 

tus  ^  ^ggregaiis^  hpidea  M.  R.  Spec.  J94. 
Tuiuli  vermiculareSi    Sipbunculi  mmnK    NoHNVi- 

LORUM. 

Halcyonium  mile/turn.  Imperati.  H.  N.  p.  83f*  ,_ 

JlcyonUffn  vermictdare. 

Sucth.  VEEMicutiTW.    Masistenar.     : 

Gall.  ViRMlCULITES* 

Germ.  Ve^vMiculiten*  Wurmsmini. 
Soiit  qua(i  canales  cavi  y  forma  conica  plut  minus 
tortuofa  vcrmiutn  feu  lumbricorum  terreilrium ;  diverfi 
craffitjc  &  raagnkudinc  ,  cxtrinfcce  plus  minus  rugofi, 
latrinfccc  laevcs  ,  aliquando  rcfti  aliquando  parum  flcxi 
&  curvaii ,  quorum  cavitas  plerumquc  tcrrca  auc  lapi- 
dca  materia  implcu  leperitur  j   nunquam  nifi  plurcs  ag- 

frcgati  inveniuntuf  >  fiquidcm  in  ftatu  naturali  ,  vermes 
asc  domtciiia  inhabkantcs  nonuifi  in  (bciecate  Yivcre  Ye- 
rofimile  videtur ,  hinc  ad  conchas  mulHwhas  etiam  re* 
fcrri  folcnt ;  ab  aliis  vero  ut  conctHionei  vitmium  pe- 
irefacforum  confidcrari.  cfir.  Lang  H  L.  Pig.  p.  160. 
VoLOKMANN  in  SU.  fubt.  p.  177.  Ac.  SciLLA  Van.  fpec. 
Tab,  XIL  fi».  11.  III.  ScHEucHZER  Or.  Helv.  fig.  77. 
BovRGV£T  Tr.  Jes  Petrif.  Tab,  L.  fig.  516, 327.  Waloi 
Sa  K,  Tab.  I  N:o.  a.  5  ^       ^  / 

5.  CpCHLIT-ffi  non  turbinate  c%mcivelcylindYiciyC9n^ 

catfMoti.    Orthoceratita*   >  Spec.  487. 

Vermicnlorum  marinorum  tefta  ,  canalibkslconcamera- 

iiSy  lapidea.  M.  R.  Spec.   39?  • 
Helmntolitbus  nautili  oribocera.  v^  LiNNe  162.  !• 

Jlvcoli.      SCHEUCHZCRl* 

Kadii  articula$i.    Gmelin  in  A^.  Petrop,  T.  lUl 
.    Tubuli  concamerati.     Klein  de  Ti^.  mar. 
Sueth.  Orthoceratitbr.    Dartlar. 
Gall.  Orthoce&atit£s»    Tuyaux  cloisonnes. 
Germ.  ORXHacBRATiTEK.  Steineri^i  Kbgei^ein^ 
'       ^  G  g  4  Suat 


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4731  .  «H  f  o  )  J^ 

^  Suot  lapfdes  confci  ve\  cylindrici  f  diferCe  magnlTii^ 
dmis  a  crafljcie  peims  ad  niagaitudinem  bracbii  j  plc- 
ruinque  redi,  tliquando  in  cxtretnitare  f)exi&  quad  fpf- 
rales ;  cxtrinfcce  raro  lasves ,  faepius  quafi  ardcuiad  appa* 
rent ;  intrinfeoe  in  divcrfas  concamcradones  ,  articulad* 
bus  diflfepimentis ,  ab  uno  latere  convexis  ab  altcro  con* 
cavi$3  divifi  exiftunt,  &  fipbone  eaudent,  qui  aliquandd 
hacc  omnia  fepimenta  tranfit  »  aliquando  autem  nonnifi 
pleraque  ad  ba(in  »  quo  pofteriori  cafik  unum  fepimen* 
turn  altero  plerumque  imoiediate  iqcumbit ,  nulla  appa* 
rente'  concameradone ,  interdum  licec  &  ills  adfint  fine 
fiphonc. 
Ohf.  Hm   corpora  teftacea  qiium  &  Integra  &  flepe  'finftt 

reperiuDtur,  volumui  idcoque  cadein  hoc  rerpcdu  ia  K*. 

nas  AibdiTidere  fpecies. 

(gt)  OftTHOCC&ATITA  IHTEGM* 

Sub  hoc  titulo  comprehendo  non  folum  perfcftc  intc^ 
gros  orthoceradtas,  fed  &  illos,  qui  atiqua  fux  par< 
tc  ad  bafin  vei  apicem  funt  mutilad  de  caetera  au- 
tem ad  fuas  partes  intrinfecas  integri. 

Ca)  Orthoceratit35,  f^ffi.  Radii  ariiculati  la^det 
reQi.    Gmelin*    Jlveoli  articulati  conici. 

Figura  funt  conica  vel  cylindrical  Stjtphone  gaudent, 
aliquando  axin  corii »  faepiu^  autem  uno  lateri  pro* 
pius  transeunte  j  eodemque  claufo  ^  atque  cameris 
|am  vacuis  jam  impleti&,*&  fuperficie  aliquando  las* 
VI  aliquando  fulcata  vel  circuits  exafperata,  RleiH 
de  Tut.  mar.  Tat.  i.  f.  x.  ^.  Tab*  j.  /.  4-  5*  ^* 
7.  Walch  St.  K^  Tab.  VL  N:o.  3.  Baumer  Mine- 
ral Tom.  I.  f,  6.  Davila  Catal.  Tom.  UI,  Tab, 
11.  fig.  a 

%\f.  I.  OfibocifMtitMi  cyUndrie6f .  exiftimavcrim  vix  alltrr 
eonfiderari  pofle,  quam  Ortboceratitat  conicof  ftio  apioe 
truncatoa;  apices  vero  vel  fragmenu  a  reliquo  corpore 
feparata,  confticuerelapidcat  quos  plurimi  shicolos  coa« 
aezos  appeUarunt. 

9hf.  2.  In  nils  ofthoceratitta,  qui  camerU  gaudent  materia 
terreftri  iftt  lapidea  implccis,  faepius  dtprehenditur  alia 

ma* 


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?>^  C  o  )  1^  473 

materia ,  Mtem  alio  colore  tinfta  in  Hsdtm  hofpitans  , 
u    quamin  rcMqua  flibllantia  lapidca.     Poffidco  ex  agris  up- 

landlcis,  qui  camcris  gaudent  rubro  fufcis,  a  calcarco  ru- 

bcntc  in  quo  petrificati  jaceat  ,  fepimcntis  vcro  feu  al- 
•     Vcolis^a  calcareo  albo^  pulchrc  fatis  (tedaculo,  &  cxcni» 

plo  inTheoria  pctrificationis  inftrudivb* 

f b)  ORTHocERATiTit  ad  aptcem  flexi^    Lituita. 
Radii  aniculati  lapidei  e  com  curvati.     Gmelin  1.  6. 
Alveoli  arncnlati  ad  apicem  fpirafoYtnes. 
Ceratoides  articulatus  Scheuch^eri* 
Frioribus  omnino  funt  fimilcs  ,   ca   folum  differentia  i 
quod  hi  apicc  gaudeant  flcKO  vcl  fpirae  modo  intor* 
to,  undc  faciem  litui  vel   baculi  cum  manubrio  Ac- 
xo  obtincnt,   &  haec  varictas  ad  cochleas  turbinatas 
:     rcfcrri  folct.     Klein  de  T.  M.  Tab.  V.  fig.  B. 
/     WAtcH  Sl  R.  Tab.  VlllNto.  i.  Baumer  Mineral 
s      Tom.  I.  fig^  21.    Da  VILA  Catal^  Tom,  III.  Tab, 
.     II.  f.  E. 

(c)  ORTHociRATiTiK  p/r^j  w;;wX  comprejlp^  forma cau* 
da  cancri. 

Lapides  caud^  cancri,  Gesneri.  Aldrovan* 
PI. 

Sunt  Orthoceratita  qui  forma  aliquatenus  gaudcnC 
cauds  tancri,  aUquando  &  plus  minus  fuat  compref- 
(i ,  fcilicet ,  conltant  a  plunbus  alveolis  ad  invicem 
articulatis  y  fed  non  rotundis  ^  verum  inftar  caudc 
A^aci  hemisphasricis  ,  concavo  convexis ,  cum  SU 
fbqne  mediam  longicudinem  transcunte*  Scheucr- 
^ER.  fpec«  lith.  H.  p.  7.  g.  9.  fig.  10.  Klein  de 
Tub.  Mar.  Tab.  2.  f.  ^.    G  i  s  h  e  r  de  Fig;  La^^ 

(P)  ORTHOCSaATITiS  FRACTI*     AlVEOLX; 

AlveoH  belemnitamm.    Klein.     Erhart. 

Sunt  lapides  qui  originem  habent  ab  ipiis  brthocera- 
tins  cdu  fra^y  qui  ideoque  ut  partes  orthocera* 
titarum  confiderari  debent  ^  quas  maforem  vel  mi- 
norem  integri  partem  dim  conftituerunt ,  adeoque 


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474  ^<(6)»<l 

forma  dlTcrfa  ^  fcflicet  vel  coni  traocati ,  ctmi  tcI 
iine  iiphoiie ,  aut  patella  conca?o  convexa^  fepanh 
tm  Dunquam  non  rq>eriuntur. 

(d)  Orthoceratita  fracti,  orhculMreSy  concavi^ 
emvexi.    Alveoli. 

Sunt  ijpparau  repimenta  ,  forma  orbiculari  concaro 
convcxa  feu  patclliformi  >  lypetficie  utplurimum 
quail  politai  'quibus  ortboceratitc  iunt  compofiti, 
aliquando  fiphunculo  ve!  cjusdcm  vcftigio  prsdita, 
LuiDii  Ich'  L.  Br.p.  85.  Scheuchzer  Jpec.  Utb. 
btltp.  p,  7.  g.  Ehrhart  dc  Belemn.  fuev.  fig.  g. 
lit.  a.  a.  a.     Walch  St.  K.  Tab.  Vl.  N;o.  a.  b. 

Ot/I  Nemo  credit  omnea  lapidca  orbieularet  coDcaTo  codtc- 
zos  ad  ho8  alveolos  cffe  referendoi;  dantur  enim  qualet, 
ctiam  in  aieo  lichophylaceo  nomiullos  poffldto  ,  iskmo 
lapider^  rudesj  grijet ,  majoris  vel  mhiorii  molis  ^  qui  hu- 
jusmodi  figura  deforipta  gaudcnt ,  quafi  btmUfhitfU  conftm 
lupra  globulot  Uptdeos  cmat  fbrmati^  Vera  aucem  honia 
origo  adbuc  miiii  ell  Ignota. 

(c)  ORTHOCERATITiE   FRACTI  | /gttfJ   COfUCa  Vil  COm 

iruncati  1  ^Iveolis  fine  fipbonc  compoftH.    Alvsou 

CONNEXI. 

JiVtoli  hUmnitartM.    Baier. 

jilvgoU  entrocbos  ^mulames.    ScheuchzKr. 

Sunt  lapides  fi^ura  conica  vel  com  truncati,  orbica- 
laribus  diiTepimentis  coucavo  convexis,  feu  alveolit 
^lit.  d.  *)  utplurimum  immediate  connexis,  aliquan* 
do  cum  interjacente  coucameratione  feparatis  com- 

gofiti.  Lakg  H.  L.  Fig^  Tab.  XX.  f.  1.2.  Baier 
r.  Nor^  Tab.  L  fig.  g.  9.  lo.  11.  Ehrhart 
dc  Belemn.  Su.  fig.  4.  i;.  Kl  ein  de  Tut.  Mar. 
Tak.  IX.  fi£.  1 1.  IX  13.  Waich  St.  K.  Tab.  Vt 
N:o,  *.  b.  b, 

%if.  I.  Olim  fsiiUmavuiMis  tflwob/ineonoancnttonibuflCH^ 
thoceradtarum  fiiiiTc  oiateria  calcarea  graenatos ,  ae  deindc 
frafto  ortboceraeitc ,  vel  fepacatoi  alvcolos  peimanfiffi  t 

vci 


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VpI  wf  I  quo^am  conncxcs  fiiifTe;  fed  poftrT^O'^um  dcprc* 
Jiendi ,  tcxturam&  veltigia  fiphunculi  aliquan do  apparent 
tis,  qu«  phwnomcna  orpanici  corporis,  nuglcls  compete* 
re  non  poflTunt ,  hanc  hypothcfin  cvcrtcrc- 

tLiCintiarey  plurlrai  fi  non  omncs,  utpotcLuiDius  In  lehn.L, 
Br.  p.  86.  &  87.  ScHEUCHZER  in  Spec.  IJtb,  Hch,  p.  7. 
Baier  in  Ok.«  ^of.  p.  38.  Ehrhart  deBelemn^Su,  KtEiK 
dcTtt^a/.  Mar.  Walch  in  St  R.Baumer&c.  contcndunt 
ho8  lapidfs,  ahiohr  vocatos,  iit  partes  conftitutivas  Be- 
Imnitarum  confidcrari  dcbeic,  quum  in  «phir^um  Belcmni- 
tarum  cavitatc  conica  ita  inclufi  rcperiantur,  ut  cum  re* 
liqiio  corpore  bclemnitico  aliqiKim  connexioncm  habere  vi^ 
dcantur  ,  unde  &  kektnmtarum  alveoli  funt  vocati.  Scd 
huic  hypothefi  liccat  nobis  fcquentia  opponere  dubia ;  TcU 
licet;  a  pluribus  orthoceratitis  lludio  diffradis,  ipfa  Au- 
topfia  me  docuit  ,  lapldes  quosLithographi  aheolos  appeU 
lant,  nihil  aliudeffe  quani  yepiWufa,  quain  orthoccratita- 
mm  apicibus  obvia  plcrumquc  uniim  altero  immediate  in- 
ciimbit,  absque  fiphone  iranscuntc;  rcpcrii  qvtoque,  ean- 
dcm  pcrfede  cITc  ftruduram  in  orthoceratitarum  apicibuf , 
quae  repcritur  in  alvcolis  conncxis  ,  ut  reticeamus  darl 
glveoloscum  vclUglo  fiphonis,  ut  indicavit  Erhart  1.  c. 
tree  non  alfcolos  m  concamerationes  divifos  prout  indict- 
tjcBaier  I  c.  Tab.  I.  f.  11.  His  fundamentis  jure  con-| 
eludimus^  aheoloi  in  caviutibus  belemnitarum  praefentes  ne- 
^nM^Mam  ut.  eorundem  tnties  effentialet  vel  confiitttti'uns  confidc- 
rari poffe,  idque  iniuper  fcquentetob  rationcs  (a)  Quia 
longe  plures  dantur  bclemnitae,  in  quibus  nulli  repcriun- 
,  fur  alveoli  &  h?  quidcm  corundum  veftigia  ,  qui  cavitatc 
•onica  in  bafigaudent,  vel  vacua  &quafi  polita,  vel  mate- 
ria tcrreftri  aut  lapidra  impleta.  (b)  Nulla  adhpc  demon- 
ftrata  eft  communicatfo  inter  hos  Aheolos  in  ball  belemnita- 
rum cxilltfntes&ipfum  helemnitem,  QuamcontenditKLEiw 
fe  reperiiffc  communicationcm ,  vidctur  potius  acddentalif 
Tel  fifta  aut  in  imag^nationc  fundata.  Cc)  Talem  ver^ 
rix  dari  communicationcm ,  ex  co  evideas  videtur  aiiod 
Mheois  helemnitici  ab  ipfis  belcmnitis  fine  ruptura  vel  aam- 
no  feparari  poffunt,  ftrudura  belemnitarum  falva  manen- 
tf.  (a  J  Alia  reperitur  texture  in  belemnitit,  fcilicet (Iriata 
alia  in  alveolii,  nempe  folida,  qu»  differentia  abunoeo- 
demque  vermc  vix  product  potcft.  fe)  Aliud  quoquc  la- 
pidis  genus,  peculiare,  in  belemnitis^  ut  antea  indicavi- 
mus;  aliud  in  alveolii,  ealcareum^  feu  teftaeeis  corporl- 
hm  compttenat  \  His 


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47*  twCo)  KJ 

His  allitlftmomenels,  allisqne  dtcumti^ntili  eonvi^,  exT- 
ftimamus  fope  oominatos  aheolos  in  eaviCatlbus  btlemnita- 
rum  noonifi  accidentaliter  cile  prasfentcs ,  atque ,  auc  m9- 
U  pftrifkationem,  ac  oodcm  vcrmc  quo  ip(i  orrhoccratite  h* 
bricantur,  in  cavitatibus  belemniticis  luiffe  formatos^  quum 
obfervationibus  eonftat  hod  rara  inter  liujufmodi  animal- 
eula  tfle  czempla,  ubl  unus  in  dbmicilio  aircriua  Aiaiii 
conifaruit  domum;  aut  poft  pctriflcationcm  huju^modi  api* 
ceaLorthoeeratitarum  fraftonim  fulflc  caAi  intrufos. 

,  Ohfy  ft.  Dt  OrtboicrMtitis  plurimir  quoque  fuerunt  conjc6hirc 
Lahoius  in  Hf/f.  Lap.  Fig.  ad  entrocbos  connuroerare  vo- 
Ivit  ,  eosdem  vocans  entrocbos  fyramidaUtnon  ptffortOof. 
HctviNGH  in  Litb.  Angerb.  Bosdem  Tpro  fpina  vertehsrum 
lapidea  mureluna  vel  nsipeia  habuit.  Ita  Aiit  hnaginationi- 
^  bus  indulgent  pluriml  Lirhographi  Quod  vero  ad  uftAUM 
corpora  &  quidem  nmtilorum  genus  refrrri  debeant^  ex  eo 
evidena  efle  poteft ,  quod  a  nautilis  &  cormbus  gmrnonis  vix 
nifi  figura  extrinreca  conica  diferepant,  &  eonfiderari  pof- 
Aint,  ut  eoftma  ammonis  in  lineam  rcftam  porreQa&exten* 
fa.  Sed  ofiginalia  ^d  h«c  petrificata  teftaceat  quae  hie  in 
Septentrione  iunt  Frequentiffima ,  in  O^kndia^  Gotblandia^ 
Weftfogotbia ,  etiam  in  DalecMrlia  ,  aliquando  &  rparfa  in 
agris  Uplandieif^  adhuc  defiderantur*  Jah«  Plahcus  dt 
t  Goncb.  minus  notis  opinatus  eft  ft  eadem  reperiifle  in  are* 
na  litorali  Italica  ad  Kimiw  ,  fed  N.  voh  Linn^  originalia 
confiderac  ut  deperdita  ,  vel  in  abylTo  maris  adliuc  rt* 
condita. 

Obf.  z.  De  his  lapidibuf  Ie|l  tx>frunt  Gmbliw  in  AH.  ^Mrof» 
T.ni,  Bretn  de  PolyAdmis.  Kl£IH  deXa^.  wm.  Rfii* 
MAK  in  ASu  Mogunt.  T,  L  .     , 

^  CO CHhlT Mturbinati^  c$ncameratif  nautithmm. 
Nautilit-«.  Spcc^  48g. 

Sueth.  Nautilitex,    Stenwandladb*    Coquitiit 
.    W'^^  Seglaxe. 
Gale  Nautilitxs.  Voiliexs. 
Gcnn,  Nautiliten.  ScHiFFxttTTEt*  Seglxr* 
Sufte-l4pides  rotundi  fere  globofi ,  turbinibus  latut 
lateodbus  \  imica  folum  gmdentas  flexura  vd  fpira  ap- 
Mfente,  in  cetoo  fe  termiaante  ^  cam  apertara  feu  on- 
icio  fatls  amplai  irnde  forma  apparent  aa?igii  minoris 

cum 


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cum  cicvata  puppa  &  cxindc  nomcn  obtmueruat;  extrin- 
fccc  pluribus  quafi  articulationibus  divifi  apparent,  &  ia- 
trinfccc  pluribus  inflrudi  concamcradonibus  >  diflcpimeo* 
us  orbicularibus  divilis ,  quas  (ipbo  tranfit* 

(a)  NAUTiLiTiE  articiilaii. 

Sunt  divcrfa  magnitudinc.    S  c  H  i  u  c  H  z  E  £  ]0r.  Heh. 
f»  13.  21.  Baier   Or.  M  lal^.  2.  fig.  1/ 1/3/T 
VI.  f.  8,  BouRGUET  Tr.  Jes  Par,  Tab,  XXXVIIl! 
f.  ii;i.  af2.  253.    Walch  St.  R.  T*  VIII.  N.o^  i. 
B^uMER  Mn.  Tom.  I.  f.  19.  a.  b. 

(b)  NAUTiLiTiK  fquoftuin  fion  anicutatu 
NautiHtm  unius  unfraQus^  dorjo  Jubrotundo  fmuimmeo^ 

filiqua  corporis  parte  falma$a.  Spada  Cai.  Lap.Agri 
Vtr.  p.  ao.  N:o.  2,  lab.  V.  Lang  Hifl.  Lap.  t*ab. 
XIX.  N:o  1.  &  Tab,  XXIX.  N:o.  a-  Baier  Or.  N. 
Tab.  II.  f.7^ 

7.  COCHOT^  convoluti^  concamerati  ,  fpira  uirinqui 

con/picua  J  apertura  cordata^  AMMONiTifi,  Spec.  489. 
Cocblita  convoluti^  compreffi  ammonitarum.  M,  R;  Sp. 

378* 
Helmintbolulus  nautili^  tefia  Jpirali^  aperiura  c&rda^ 

ta  ,  anfraQiius  contigtds  rugojo  inaqualibus.  yon 

Link6  162^  I. 

Cornua  ammonis.    Qauhini  dejottte  ^  hln^  B.A»U 
,    B.  a  Boot. 

Hammonius.  Cardani. 

Ctratoides.  Mercati* 

Lapis  fceltton  ferpemis  referens.  Wormxi% 

Sueth.  Ammonitbr.    Amkomshorn* 
Gall.  CoRNtf€  d'Amuon. 
Germ,  Ammonihorn. 

Sunt  lapidcs  fi^e  rotundi,  alfquando  globofi  faepiuf 
•ompreffi  1  qui  ia  fpiram  flcxi »  ab  utroquc  latere  coa- 
lpit 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


47t  tw  (  o  J  x| 

fpicua  gaudcnt  cirpumvolutione  ia  ceatro  fe  tcrmiotiu 
tCt  emu  oriticio  minori  orbiculari ,  vcl  ovali^  raritis  qua- 
drato  ,  aliquando  rocundo  &  fiiiuato  ;  ii^ura  idcoquc 
corau  in  Ic  convoluci  feu  ferpentis  ie  in  circulos  piurcs 
vcl  paucioccs  fledcncis  &  circumvoluti  gaudcnces^.  fAVri«< 
/rrr  wveS|itriad  tcI  tubcrculofi  aut  vcrrucofi  »  ac  dor- 
lb  feu  ambitu  cxtcriqri  pri^did  Jam  acuto  &  prommea- 
te »  Ipina  vocato  y  jam  convexo  vci  fubrocundo  Jam  luU 
cato,  jam  cuberculofo  vel  dencato;  iturinjict  in  couo 
maaciones  divifi ,  quas  (ipho  craiific. 

Reptriuntur  haec  petri6caca,  ea  multitudine  in  Gf<v 
mania y  Hehetia^  hglia^  Gallia^  Ang^a  8c  alibi ^  caqie 
ciiTcrepanda)  ut  Bauhik us  in  Hift.  Foni.  ^  Bain.  Eat^ 
iuo  tdnpore  40  varietaces  enumcrare  potucrit;  B&OMELt 
in  Ad.  Up/l  toddem ;  Scheuchzek  In  Muf  DiL  ,149  9 
^ldu6  Tcro  progrcflfus  eft  Rosinus  »  qui  di^itur  in  BresL 
Saml.  171s  9  varicutes  300  enumerafle  ,  Bertiland  ia 
EOlJiirtOrig.  de  mom.  no  recenicc.  Sed  opinamur  ad 
nmiimas  hoc  du  pun^io  adctndere  circumftandas  minua 
cfli:  ncceflarium  9  quum  plurinios  ab  accidentali  caufla  do* 
pcnderc  pplEot  ;  quemadmodum  in  aiiis  auimalibus  in-« 
tcrdnm  obfer^are  ucec;  vadecatei  itaque  horum  pccrifi^ 
cacorum  ad  minorem  reftrin|[cre  num6:rum  confuldus  do^ 
ximus.  Ut  fuflic  ens  tamen  de  hh  corporibus  obdnea- 
tur  cognidO}  voiumus  eadem  iti  tres  Jpecies  inferi^rn 
fubdiyidere,  ac  infuper  addere  fragment  a  horum  tefbr 
ceorum  corporum  t  qnae  ioterdum  ieparaum  pccrificau 
eccurrunc* 

(a)  Ammo  NIT Ji  laves. 

SuperBcie  gaudenc  Isvi  vel  folum  lincad  tOft 
ramofa  quafi  pi^. 

Ca)  AMMONiTifi  i^JEVES^amintu  feu  dor/a  ynonfpiaar^ 

Ab  his  alii  gaudent  dorfo  magis  acuto  alii  convexq. 

SCHEUCH25€R   Or.  H.  N:0  l5.   18*    19.     BOUEGUIT, 

Jr.  ics  Pc$rif.  T.  XLVIU.  N;o  306.  309-  3^^* 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Inttrdum  ^udcnt  fuperficie  <)ua6  pi£ba  ramofa ,  feu 

omamentis  foli^ccis  (lipata.     BouitGUET  Tr.  dti 

*     Mn/.  N:o  311.  31a.     Baier  On  A^or.  T,  U.  £• 

3-  4    f- 

Cb)  Ammonite  i-«ves  ,  y]?rM  imnente. 

ScHiucHZEi  On  H^/v.  K:o  43,  46.    Lang  iiV?*  JL 
)ig.  Tab.  XXUI. 

Interdum  &  t^i  ^audent  fupcrficic  ramofa  1  quafi  oriuu 
mcatis  praedicu 

(c)  Ammonitjb  txvES  y  dorfo  dentato. 
ScHiucHZER  Or.  H.  N.o  4f.    Bo u rg ue x  Tr;  da 

Petri/.  N:o  a5f.  168.  ,      ^ 

(|J)  Ammonite  steiati* 

Superficie  gaudenc  inxquali  9  a  ftriis  majoribus 
vel  miaoribus  plus  minus  profunde  quafi 
incifis. 

(d)  Ammonitje  STtiATi ,  firOs  limpUciofihus ,  fpiM 
acuta. 

ScHEUCHZEK  Or.  lifh.  N:o  a6.  v*  BoiiRGt;B» 
Tr.  des  Petri/,  Nx>  261.  264.  ^69.  Baxer  Or.  Nor.. 
Tab.  UI.  fig.  p 

(c)  Ammonite  s-jteiati,  ftriis  fimpUciorihtis  vel  den^ 
fioritus^  dorfo  convexo^  nonjpinato. 

Sub  hac  varietate  comprehendimus  ammonitas  ,  ftriis 
fimplicioribus  prsditos  9  &  illos ,  qui  ftriis  dcofiori* 
bus  feu  quail  m  fafciculos  c6ng;eftis  conftant. 

Lang  Hik  Lap.  fi^.  Tab  XXIV.  4.  &  XXVL 
Baibe  Or.  Nor.  Tab.  II.  fig.  17.  iS-  Boueguet 
Ir.  des  Petr.  N:o  i/5f.  a68.  ^7i»  Kundman  H^ 
N.^  J.  Tab.  IV,  f.  7. 

(f)  Amimokitjb  STiiATi,  y?r«x  ^i-vf/  trifurcatis^alU 
quando  ^  in  plurimos  rmuJos  divijis  |  Jof^o  coove^ 
9^0 1  noji  fpinato^ 

Scfaeuck* 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


ScHEUCHZEi  Or^  Helv.  N:o  30.  31.  34*  34*  35*  37* 

40*  BouRGUET  Tn  des  Petrif.  267. 177.  300.  303* 
(g)  Ammonit-«  steiati  ,  Jiriii  raris^  undulaiis^  dot. 

fo  non  fpinato.  \ 

ScHEucHZEE  Or.  Helv.  N;o  ai.  47,  Baiee  Or.  Nor, 
Tab.  III.  f^  6.  BouRGUET  Tr.  des  Petrif.  N:o286. 
a90.  198.  KuNDMANi^  K.  M  Gf  A,  Tab.  IV,  fig. 
ft.    Baumer  Mineral.  T.  1.  £  ig.  b. 

(h)  AiiMONiTJB,STRiATi,  ftriis  mdulatts ^  dorfoj^ 
nato.  • 

SCHEUCHZER  Of,  Heh.  N:o  54^  BaiSr  Or.  N.  Tab. 
UL  f-6.&7.    BouRGUET  Tr.  ^f/  P^m/.  N:a 

(i)  AMMONiTiE  ST'kihri  y ftriis  fimpUciorihus  velfur^ 
€ati$  y  dorfo  crenato  ^  dentato.  B  aier  Or^  N. 
TsK  Ulf^  3*    BouRGUET  Tr^  des  Petr.  N:o  30a. 

304. 
(k)  Ammonite  sniATh  ftriis  fimpUciertPus  ma fitr-  * 

casis ,  cum  dupUci  Julcorum  profundiortm  or  dim  im 

dwfo  Mi  invicem  diftinBo^ 
SCHEUCHZER  Or^  Helv.  N:a  24.  29.  fo*  fa,  f6. 

B  A I E  R  Or.  Nor.  Tab.  HI.  fig.  8*  9*  10.    Bo  u R« 

GUET  Tr.  ^e;  Perr.  N:o  a7a.  a73t  274. 175. 
Cl)  AMMONtTiE  STRiATi,  Briis  rofis  if  fimpMciari- 

bus^  cumjpina  in  dorfo  binos  inier  Jidcwim  ^rdimi 

promineme. 
Lang  Hi/i.  L.  Ftg.  Tab.  XXIV.  i, 
(m)  Ammonitje  striati  »  ftriis  fimpUcUniha  %  iMi 

triplici  in  dorfo  crena. 
KuNDMANN  Rar.  N-  &  A.  Tab.  IV.  6. 

(i)  Ammomit^  tuberculosi. 
Sunt  (a  fupcrfide  tuberculis  ,  feu  T$rntd»  tm^ 
diti. 
(n)  AMMONiTiB  TUBERCULOSI,  IJtves  dorfi  int€^9^ 
ftmpli€i  v^VdupUd  ndine  tuifeml^rum  wHcukmm, 


Digitized  by  VjOO^ IC 


5>^  C  o  )  K|  -481 

Baiei  Or.  Nor.  T.  IL  f.  9.  14.  Lki^cHiJI.L.  Tab, 
XXlll.  B  o  R  G  u  E  T  Tr.  des  Petrif.  N;o  ay ©•  %%6. 
Valentini  Mf//  T.  I.  Tab.  IV.  ai. 

(o)  AmmonitvE  tuberculosi,  /tfz^^j,  i/(wy&  inte^a^ 
cum  dupUci  mbcrctdorum  ordine  y  uno  in  medio  am^ 
l/itus ,  figura  tuberculorum  orbicular i ,  alttro  ad  cen^ 

trum ,  figura  c^lindrica.  > 

SCHEUCHZER   Of.  Helv.  fj2>.       BouRGiTsT   TV.  iiW 

yttYij\  N:o  25a. 

^)   AMMONlTiE   TUBERCULOSl,  l<tV€i  ^    dorfo  JtdCMtO^ 

tubercuUs  cylindricis^  circa  centrum, 

ScHEucHZER  Or.  Helv.  N:o  30.    BouRGUlT  Tn  dis 

Petrif  N:o  280- 

Cq)  Ammonite  tuberculosi  ,  firiati^  firiis  fimflii 
cioribus  if  jiodofis,  dorjo  nodojoy  ctsm  unico  iuPef^ 
culonuji  ordine. 

ScHEUCHZER  Or  Helv.  N:o  51.  BoutCUtT  7>^  dti 
Petri/.  N:o  274, 

<r)  Ammonite  TuBERCutosi,  flriis  hifurc^ittt^dwfi 
imtgr^  I  iuifircms  orpicyianius  in  ramificaMnum 
initio. 

ScHEUCHZER  Or  Helv.  N:o  31.  Bourguet  Tr.  da 
Petri/.  ^78.  a8£.    La^gh  Hi/i.  L.  Tab.  XXVT^  i. 

C«)  Ammonit>e  tuberculosi  ,  firiis  JimplicioriluS ^ 

unduhtis^  tuberctdis  pyramidalilfus. 
Bourguet  Tr.  d^s  PetriL  N:o  284.  ag^*    Langix 

hi/l.  U  T.  XXVU  X  '  -^     •^ 

<^  Ammonite  fracti.  Ammo  kit  arvm  »ao- 

MENTa^ 

Earo   intern  ammonite  rcpcriuntur  fparfi  ,    vcl    fms 
c  domicilus  crui  pofliint  fijic  fradnra ,  dc  omnibus    . 
Vcro  hu^osmodi  fragmcntis  hie  «on  eft  fcnno  ,  fed 
oc  lis  unnim,  ooae  vd  ab  ipfa  n^tura  iiib  violcn- 
to  mottt  luQt  fraoa  ^  vcl  ante  petrificaciuMm  a  re- 

Worn.  II  Hb  U- 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


t  ^       •  IX  (  O  )  Kj 

liquo  cprpore  funt  feparata ,  &  fua  figura  indicaiic 
fe  partes  fuiflfc  conftitutivas  ammoaltarum  ^  quaks 
iiiprimis  func  fcqucntcs^ 
CO  Ammonitarum  fragmenta  transverfajia- 
Partem  <le  ammonitis  transvtrfim  abruptam  fifhint, 
parum  flexam^  v.  Bromhll  Uib.  Suec.  Sp.  II.  p* 
5i.  Lachmund  Or  Hildesb.  p.  34.  t^.  4,  Scheuch; 
ZER  LUb.  Helv.  f.  81. 

Cu)  Ammonitarum  fragmen^a  lateralia. 
Sunt  flgiira  obionga ,   concavo  convexa  ,  cum  ambi- 
,     tu  la  arcum  flcxo  ,  noa  -majori  quam  ipfap  rcftae  craf- 

fitic*    Repcritintur  in  QoiblanJia  rcliqua  inter  pctri- 

ficata. 

(x)  Ammonitarum  fragmenta  vertehralia  ^  fubro- 

tunda. 
Spondylolithi  fiihrotundi^ 
Sunt    a    vcrtcbris    ammonitarum    fubrotunda     fpina^ 

ScHEUCHZER  Of.  Helv*  f.  17     BouRGurT  Tr.deS 

Petrify  Tab.  XLIX.    N:o  313.  314.     Lang  Hift. 

Lap.  Tab.  XXI.  N:o  !•■•. 

Cy)  Ammonitarum  fragmenta  vertebralia  oilonga. 
Spondylolithi  coracoidei.  , 

Sunt  a  vcrfcbrfs  ammonitarum  ^  quorum  fpina  inter 
binos  futcorum  ordincs  eminet ;  corvino  quafi  ro* 
ftto  gaudcnt.  Scheuchzer  Or.  Helv.  f.  17.  Bour* 
GUET  Tr.  dts  Petrif.  Tab.  XLIX.  Nco  ?»i^.  316. 
Lang  '////?•  Lap.  Tab.  XXI.  f.  3.  c.  6.  &  Tab. 
XXIU 

OV^  !•  Cui  placet ,  hac  pofteriorf  fragmenta  petrificata  con- 
ferre  potefl  cum  interna  ammonitarum  facie ,  quam  liftit 
Baibr  ia  Or.  Nor.  Tab.  VL  fig*  25*  a6.  &  27. 

^f.  t.  Ihte  petrJficata  reipfti  dim  fuilTe  teftacea  ft  cjoidcm 
generii  cum  nautUitis  ,  eorundem  ftruftura  ft  organismus 
indicant,  quemadmodum  &  Jussieu  in  ASi.  Parif.  i7aa# 
flemonilraviti  coofirmant  ft  tefta,  faltem  analogs  ,  qua 

pel*  ; 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


^  (  o  )  Kj  4t2 

.  prtlucidae  funt  repertae  in  montc  propc  Pifaro  m  Italia  y  uf 
rcfert  Ptss.\Ri  in  del  iftoria  de  fijjili  del  pgfaro  A  nautilitis 
^  tanien  difterunt  haec  petrificata  non  foJum  figura  ^  quae  in  . 
his  magis  rotunda  cftc  folct,  fed  &  orificio  minori  &  pie- 
rumquc  orbicular!  vcl  parum  ovali ,  ncc  non  Ipiris  &  cir- 
cuiuvolutionibus  in  his  phiribus,  ut&  articulationibus  ia 
fupcrficie  plerumque  obviis  forma  peculiar!,  quafi  arbo- 
rca  vcl  raniofa  junAis* 

Scd  ipfa  ori^inalia  a  marl  depromta  adhuc  dcfidcrantur,  con- 
tcndit  quidem  Jan.  Plancus    de    concbis  minus  notis ^  zA 

^^  litora  maris  meditcrraHei  adRiWni  eadem  minutiflSma  repc- 
'  riri;  BtccARius  quoque  in  comment.  Bon.  dicit  fe  haec  ipfa 
in  arena  rcperiiffc  ;  Joh.  Fr*  Hoffmakn  fibi  quoque, 
ante  haec,  perfuafum  habuit,  fc  eadem  minuta  conchylia 
ammonitica  in  arena  conchacca  propc  Bergen  in  NorwegiA 
rcperiiflTc,  fed  nieliora  cdodus,  fcntentiam  in  aBis  mogun* 
tints  T,  IL  mutavit,   ingenue  fatens  fe  eanalit&s  tortuofoM 

'^  ^/Vtf/^r  (fpec,  48>.  "tsar,  r)  pro  ammonitis  habuiffe.  N^hi^ 
liff,  VON  LiNNe  in  SyJi.N^T.  HI,    p.  162.  dicit  orlginalia 

*i  ad  haec  petrificata  in  abyflTo  pelagi  hofpitare  &  inter  de^ 
perdita  numerari  deberc,  nee  tellas  in  uJlo  mufaeo  vifaf, 
^Jomnesque  fpecic  dilfcrre  a  nautilis  minutis  marls  meditex« 
ranei. 

Bbf,  5.  Partieulariter  de  his  lapidibus  fcripferuntREiSKE  ia 
Eph.  N.  C  Dec.  IL  ann.  VII.  Wormius  in  Bartholini 
Epijl.  Med,  Cent,  i,  Epiu.  so.  Scheuchzer  in  Bpb»  N* 
C.  Cent  V.  app.  nee  non  in  Orycht.  Tiek,  p  7<^2.  &c.  ubl 
&  hos  lapidcs  claffificavit.  Bkrtrand  ufage  det  monta'* 
gner  Cap.  17.  "^ 

|i  COCHLVTJE^occultefpiralefj  vtrinqne  cnnvext^for^ 
ma  numismatis  vel  lentts  optica.  HeLXCiXA.Spec.  490* 
LapiJes  numismales.    Clusii.  • 

Lapides  frumentarir.    Tmpfrati. 
Lenies  lapidea.    Scheucuzeri. 
Sbaciia.  , 

J^etrificntum  cnrblea  pnlytbalam  a^  cenfro  utrint/ufprih^ 
tninente ,  pyris  unitis  intra  tejlam  latejttitus.  Ge8- 
VER  de  Petri/. 

Hb  a  Sucdw 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


484  t>-  (  o  )  «J 

Saeth.  Heliciter.    StenpXnningar. 

GalL  PlERHES  NUMISMilLES.  PlEJBLEES  LtNTICULAI-r 
RES. 

Germ.  Heliciten.  Phaciten.  Steinpfennici. 
Sunt  tcftacea  corpora  rotunda  vcl  ovalia »  ab  uuo- 
que  latere,  veialterutro  plerumque coovexa ,  ^ie  lends 
optics  9  fuperfide  utplurimum  lasvi,  rare  ftriata;  fub  niU 
crofcopio  tpluribus  cruiHs  Tidentur  coropofita ,  bifariam 
divifa ,  in  fuperfide  plana  ofteodunt  lineas  fbrma  cor- 
nuum  ammonis  feu  cochteam ,  feptics  ,  o&ies  vel  noaies 
in  fe  convolutaniy  atque  in  oppofiu  fuperficic  circulos 
correfpoddentcs.  , 

Ca)  Helicit^  retundiy  uirinqtu  convexi. 

Sunt  alii  teves ,  alii  ftritti.  Scheuchzer  Or.  Heh.  I 
i^g.    BouRGUET   Tr.  dts  ftttij.  Tab.  h.  f.  yx% 

Cb)  HELiciTii  ai  um  lattre  fUtd  cum  /piraUtus  lu 
nets. 

Hi  confiderantur  ut  bclicita^  bifariam  quocunque  Bifi 
divifi  in  bina  hcniisphsria ,  qui  idco  &  pfaecipue  m^ 
mismales  appellantur, Scheuchzer  Or.  Heh.  fij;« 
H8.  BouRGUET  Tr.  des  Peirif.  Tab.  L.  f.  3^1* 
314.  VoLCKMANN  Sikf.  Jubur.  Tab.  II.  f.  f, 
BrQckmann  Tr.  Sp.  de  lapide  fuwmaH  Tranjjh 
vania.  * 

(c)  HsLiciTA  forma  lentictdMri  vel  frumentaria. 

Hi  funt  qui  ^iQiptit  kmiculares  iid  frumentarii  lapideC 
vocantur.  Scheuchzer  Or.  Heh.  f«  i^g.  BouR« 
GUET  Tr.  des  fetrif.  Tab.  L.  f.  3^4.  335. 

Ohf.  I.  Scheuchzer  in  Or.  Heh.  eundem  nuraerum  ad  o* 
mncs  varietates  depiftas  adpoAiit ,  qiut  tamen  ab  alku 
dercriptionc  diftin^i  poflunt.  Wai^cii  io  S»*  R.  Tabw 
VIII.  N:o.  3.  has  babet  varieutes  ctiam  depiftas. 

Olf*  2»  Dum  hi  lapides,  qui  Aim  integri  ^  utrinque  ooovcRi^ 
Aipra  carbonea  ignitos  calcfifti  in  aquam  fngidam  proji* 
diinturi  folcnt  in  itarata  vel  cruitaa  findi^  ac  in  eonljpt- 

Aum 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


ftum  ▼eaire  J^mks  Umas  in  una  fliperficle  ,  liidcmque 
correl^pondentes  circulares  lineal  in  oppofita  Aiperficie. 

Ohf*  }•  An  h«c  ttftacea  corpora  lint  eoniidcranda  ut  t^irtu^ 
la  eochkarum  lapidca  ,  ob  magnam  cum  umbilico  maris  ^  Ibu 
ofercuUti  inferius  dercribcndo  fimilitudinem ,  ut  contcndlt 
Bo^RGUET  in  Lettr.  fbil.  ?  An,  ut  conefyUa  ihahig^  ut 
cxirtimatSPADA.  in  Cat.^tr.  yiron.%  An«  ut  cocbk^t  poljh 
Aalamia^  gyris  occultii^  ut  oplnatur  Gesker  de  Br/ri/, 
cui  fentenciae  favere  videtur  Biahcmi,  qui  dicit  h»c  ea* 
dem  ad  jmi^fia/.  rcferri  debcre,  nee  niultum  difentiunt 
GuaLTiEm.&  Bketn  ,  qui  opinantur  ad  natttilitas  coflliu* 
snerari  polTe?  Haec  in  medium  tantifptr  relinquimua;  czi« 
ftimantes.tamen  non  commodiorem  locum  his  affi|Bari  pof* 
fr)  quam  in  medio  quail  inter  ammonitas  &  opmulitat. 

f.  COCHLITiS  turhinoH  »  pmcmrum  turhntm  fpwe « 
cochlearum.    Cochlita.  Spec.  491* 

Cochlea  lumns  btpideai^ 

Limatts. 

Sucth.  CotRLITER. 

Gall.  LlMA<;ONS.     COCHLITBS  LUKllHEr 

Genn.  Cochlitek. 

Sunt  cochlea  turbinate  ,  paucioribus  fpiria  circa 
centnim  convolutis ,  ampli  brevisquc  ventris  ,  apicc  non 
▼el  parum  pradu£l:o  ,  orificio  rotundO|  qnod  opercalo 
conregitur* 

Ca)  CocHLiTJB  umhilitaH.     CpcHtBJB  lUKAmss  la* 

FIDE^. 

Foramine  in  centro  defcendence  »  aoice  non  v  edufto  f 

^       forma  fere  umbilici    Baier  Or,  rJ.  Tab.  III.  £u(« 

0,6.  i8»  ^9*  &  Tab.  VL  f  11.    Bourguet  Tr.acs 

Petrif.  Tab.  XXX.  fc  ao6.     Waj-ch  Si.  R.  Tab. 

'       VII.  N:o  I. 

Cb)  CocRLivjf  troehiformeu  CocHLBJt  temesties 

VULGARES  LAPIDEiE. 

Uc  apice  £audent  parum  prodttdo  ,  fie  &  aliquatenus 
trochi  forma  exiftunt.     Baiee  Or.  Nor.  Tab.  VI 

Hh3  fig. 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


4»S  tx  (o)'k5 

fig.  10.    ScHEUCHZER  Or.  Helv.  fig.  6).   Eoifi- 
GVBT  It:  des  Vetrtf.  Tab.  XXXli.  ao/;  ad  114. 

(c)  CocHLiTiS  ecbinopbori.     Echiopho&it£S    lak- 

Sunr  in  fuperBcie  tuberculofi  vel  ambini  crenati ,  aut 
fcrrati  Ac.  Scilla  Fan.  S^ec.  Tab.  XVl.  Lang 
Hlft.  Lap.  Tab.  XXX:II.  Scheuchzer  MuJ.  Ui- 
luv.  141.  BouRGUET  7r.  des  Peirif.  Tab.XXXVlL 

(d)  CocHLEARUM  operculum  lapideum.  ^  Operculi* 
TES.     Langii.  *  . 

Sunt  opercular  plus  minus  rotunda  a  plurimis  lamcl* 
,lis  compofica^  quibuS  orificia  in  nonnuUis  cochlea- 
ram  fpcciebus  clauduntur;  forma  oculi  vocantur  a 
Mercato^  m  Meiall.  Lkvides  ocular es  ;  for« 
pa  umbilici  appellantur,  umbilici  mariS/  vel  ve- 
KERis,  forma  unguis^  vocantur  ungues  lapidei. 
Ag.  Scula  Fan.  SpecuL  Tab.  XVtl  lit.  A.  Luf. 
pii  Ichnogr.  Litb.  Brit.  N:o  417  &  434.  Lan6 
H.  L.  F.  Helv.  Tab,  L.  p.  116/ 

Otf.  UmHU^i  marini  noraen  fatit  eft  apud  ooneliyliologos  & 
lithographos  ambiguuin*  Nonnulli  cocblcam  figura  imi- 
bilici,  hoc  nomine  compcllaoc;  alii  cochlcas  umbSlicatas 
Ita  vocant;  alii  hoc  nomen  attribuunt  cochltarura  oper^ 
culaCarum  opcrculis^  qwe  inter  nonnuUl  connumcranc^ 
quoa  defer iplimus  belicitas  feu  numismaks  lapides  ,  ut  ancei 
hidicavlmus  in  obferv.  adfpecicm  praced, 

10.  GOCHLITiE  turbinati^  paucorum  turbinum  J^cii 
neritMrum.    NERiTiXiE.  Spec.  491 

Cochlea  valvata  lapidea.    Scheuchzbr* 
Cochlea  femilunares  lapiJea. 

Sueih.  Nerititer* 

Gall.    NlRrriTES.   COCHLITES   SEMILUNAIRIS. 

Germ,  Nerititen.  SchwimsnXcken^     FI$CHMA<^ 

tER. 

Sunt 


Digitized  by.  VjOOQ IC 


tx  C  o  )  KJ  487 

Sunt  codhlcs  turbinate  convexas  ,  paucioribus  fpi- 
-  ris^  apice  nonacuco  fed  orbiculari  inflexo>  orificio  coou 
prcfTo ,  icmiroruQcIo  vcl  femiliuiari. 

(a)  Neritit-«  laves. 

Baifr  Ur^  N.  Tab.  III.  fig.  ,27.  Scheuchzeh  Or. 
Helu.  f.  f9*  BouRGUET  ir.  des  Petri/.  Tab,  XXXK 
f.  200.  20U  ao3»  tios^     NValch  Sl  jK.  T.  IX- 

'  N:o  !• 

(b)  NcRiTiTiE  ftriaiu 

Hi  luperficie  laliquando  gaudeat  ,   qaafi  reticularu 

SCHEUCHZER   Of.  HelV.  fig.  61.      BoURGUET   IV.  </ex 

P^/r//.  Tab.  XXXU  ao2.     Walch  *S^  K.  T.  IX. 
N:o  I. 

la*  COCHLlTiE  turhinatt\  paucorum^  turbinum  fpecie\ 
trocborum.    TROCHiLifiC.  Spec.  493. 

Cochlea  ore  Jeprejfo  lapidea. 
Sucth*  Trochiliter, 
Gall  Trochilites.    Sabots*    Toupies. 
Germ.  Trochuiten.    Trochliten.    KrXusel- 

ScHNECKiN. 

Sunt  forma  conica  troohleae,   pluribus  gaudent  fpi- 
ris ,    bad  lau  cpmplanau  ,   oriticio  oblongo  ieu  ovall 
coHJprelfo ,  minus  patulo. 

(a)  Trochilit^  fuperficie  lavu 

Baier. Or.  N-  Tab.  Ill  f.  2f.  Bourguet  Tr.  des 
Petrif.  T.  XXXUl.  f.  215.  Scheuchzer  Or.  Helv. 
fig.  38.    Walch  St.  R.  Tab.  X.  N:o  i. 

Cb)  TROCHiLiTit  Juperficie  aadeata  vel  ttAerofa. 

Baier  Or.  N.  Tab.  HI.  f.  au  la.  Scheuchzer  Or. 
Helv,  f.  60.    Walch  S$.  R.  Tab*  X.  N:o  i. 

(c)  TR0CHILITJ2  «r/OTr#j ,  irhm  Jpirartm.  T&ocHi- 

TE&LiB. 

Hk  4  <»A   * 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


48S  *i-Co5xf 

0^  Lip!dum  qui  a  trochlea ,  6b  alioucin  dam  eadm  fhoK 
licudiiicm  ,  nonden  obtmuerunt,  oaee  eil  tertia  fjpceieSt 
Prrmam  ijitcr  doopfry/o/iifo/  fpcc.  468.  dercripfiiniif  ^  lUoi 
trochiformes  lapides  troctitas  appellando;   fecuodum  iti- 

'  dcm  inter  zoophytolithos  enumeravimus  ibec.  482.  lapides 
ad  illam  fpeciem  pcrtinentea  lupides  irotbleMtOf  Tocaodo; 
hsc  tcrtia  fpcci^s  fjpeciali  nomine,  diftindionis  caufla,  eA 
kaqtie  jure  vocata ,  &  lapides  hue  pertinentes  ttocbiliu. 

vu  COCHLlTiE  turbinati ,  plurium  turbinum  fpitie , 
buccinorum.    6ucciNXTi£,  Spec  ^4% 

SuCth.    BUCCINITER. 

Gall.   BUCCINS.      TtOMPETTEJ. 

Germ*  BucciNiTEN.    RiNcndRNn*    PosAUNiif' 

SCHN£CX£N«      KlMPHO&NER. 

Sunt  cocbles  curbinatae  pturium  ffHrarum,  in  mm 
bus  prima  rciiquis  rnulto  major  exiftit ,  node  tubsfor* 
ViKS  apparent,  ventre  ample  &  cxtenfo,  ovt,  feu  orificid 
magno  &  clongato »  apice  quoque  longo  &  diftinao. 

Ca)  BucciMiTi?  fuperficii  lavi. 

Baifr  Or.  Nor.  Tab^  UL  f.  ir.  11.  13.  14.  i5*  * 
Tab.  VL  65.  12.  ScHEucHZER  Or.  lUlv.  f.  68- 
Walch  S$.  \  T.  XU  N:o  !• 

(b)  BucciNiTJB  JuperfUie  exajperata. 

Strtis  aut  fulcis  vel  tuberctilis,  vel  utrisque  donatL 
Baier  Or.  Nor.  T.  HI.  f.  16.  17.  18.  19-  to.  ai^ 
»a.  a3*  ScHEucHZER  Or.  Hetv.  f.  67.  69.  70^ 
BouRGUET  Ir.  Jes  Vetrif.  Tab.  XXX;V.  N:o  Mir 
213.  024.    Walch  6/.  R.  Tab.  XI.  N:o  i. 

i|*  CXDCHLlTiE  turbinati  ,  f/irnww  turbinum  fptder 
firomborum.  Strombit^«  Spec  49$* 

Turbiniia.  NoNMiatoRUii* 

Bucaniia*  AtioKVN% 

Siictk 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Gall.  Strombites. 

Germ.  Strombiten,  ScHtAuBSCHKictiN.  Scheau* 

BENHORN. 

Sunt  cochlea  turbinate  plurium  fpirarum,  tuccinu 
its  in  CO  fimiles  ,  quod  ore  gaudeant  elon^ato  ,  &  ab 
utraquc  extremitatc  (int  elongati  acutis  apicibus ,  ^ab  iis- 
dem  vcro  diftinguuntur  ,  non  folum  forma  magis  pro* 
portionalitcr  cIonMta  ,  fed  &  fpiris  minus  profundis  & 
xnagis  proporcionaliter  dccrefcentibus  ,  fere  ut  in  tro* 
chilitiS)  ventre  minus  tumido  |  unde  8c  figure  longioris 
cxiftunt. 

(b)  SxROMBiTit  lavef^ 

BovKGVEr  7r.  des  Petri/.  T.  XXXlV.  N:o  aij. 

T.  XXXVK  Nx>  MI.  a44.     Walch  St.  R.  T. 

X,  N;o  3. 

Cb)  Stkoui^it M  Juperficie  inaquali. 

Sunt  ftriis  vel  tuberculis  prsditi«      Scheuchzek 

Or.  Helv.  f^  71.      Bourguet  Tr.   des  Petrif.  T. 

XXXjV.  N:o  226.  Mg.     Walch,  St.  R,  T,  X, 

N:o  3. 

14.  COCHLlT-ffi  turhinatiy  plurium  turHnum  JpicU  ^ 
turbinorum.    T^RBihit^.  Spec»  496^ 

Stromiita.    NonnulloruMi 

8jeth.  TURBINITER. 

Gall.  TujLBiNiTES  ou  Hklicites  ou  Vis^ 
Germ.  Turbiniten.  SchraubhS&ner*  Schraubsn-* 

SCHHECKEN^ 

Sunt  cochlea  turbinate  plurium  fpirarum  »  forma 
fere  conica  ,  orifido  minori  parum  vel  nihil  elongata* 
jyiSctunt  a  ftrcmkitis  figura  magis  proportioaata  coni^ 
tfa,  &  ore  minori  fere  rotundo. 

(a)  TURBINITJE  liBVef. 

i.  i  Meiie  6t  In.  fig.  hit.  T.  01.  f.  6.  Bouegusx 
^Hh5  Tn 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


4^  |xCo)«| 

Tr.  des  Petri/.  T.  XXXV.  N:o  a^f-  «tT.  XXXVl. 
N:o  938.  a3i>.  240.  Langu  H,  Lap.  T.  XXXIL 
f.  I.  3. 

(b)  TuiBiNiT^  fuperficie  inaqualL 

Sub  hoc  ticulo  &  (Iriacos  8c  tuberculofos  comprehen* 
do.  Langu  Hiji.  Lap.  iab.  XXXIU  t  4.  &c. 
BouRGVET  it,  des  Petrf.  T.  XXXV.  N.o  233. 
-235.    Walch  i/.  R.  Tab.  X.  N:o  a. 

Ohf.  Plurimi  hasutraique  fpecies,  13  &  14,  fub  vno  com- 
prehcnduac  nomine  ;  fic  ^CjeshiiR  dc  Petri/,  easdem  lub 
una  ddiniiione  comprchendic ;  Strombus  vcl  turbo  Ufiiaa 
orbtbus  convexis ,  plants ,  laubus  ^  juicatis  ^  firiatis ,  ^ramiJa^ 
tis^  ore  totundo  vel  oblonjo.  Xili,  Icrombiias  fub  buceimtis 
connumeraot. 

15.  COCHLlTiE  turbinati  fpiris  circumvolutatis ,  voln- 
tarum.    VoLUTiTi€.  Spec.  497. 

Cucullitct. 

Sucth.'  VOLUTITER.      CUCULLITER. 

Gall.  VoLUTiTES  ou  Cornets^ 

Germ,  VoLUTiTEN.  Cuculliten.  Kegelschkickek. 

Sunt  cochleae  verticc  turbinato,  paucioribus  fpiriSi 
una  fupra  alceram  quafi  circumvoluta,  figura  cucullipa- 
pyracei  vel  coni »   ba(i  plana  ,  parum  auc  nihil  convcxa 
a  fpiris  circumvoluua  formata  ,  iupra  quam   conus   vel 
pyramis  eft  ereda  cum  apertura  fen    orificio  in  uno  la- 
tere oblongo  y   per    totum  hiante  &  cum  bafi  ingulum 
acutum  conftituentc»  clavicula  aliquando  coronata.    Sih 
perficie  reperiuntur  aut  Isvi  auc  puii^ta  auc  cuberculo- 
fa^    Rarius  pecrificaci  occurrunt.   Mu^ckti  Metall.  Arm. 
9.  lot.  38.    Knorr  L.  Un.  D.  T.  P.   II  Tab.  41.  f.  3. 
&  Tab.  II.  f.  6.    Walch  St.  R.  Tab.  Xll.  N:o  i,  & 
a.    Baumer  Min.  T.  i.  f.  14.     D'Argenvill    Conr 
€byol.  Tab.  XV. 

16.  COCH. 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


/  t><  (  O  )  Kj  491 

i€.  COCWJTM  turbincfn  i  fpiris  ciramvojutatis  eytin^ 
drorum.    CrLiNDRiXit.  Spec.  498. 

Jibnmbita. 

Suech.  Cylindriter.  RnoMifiTER* 
Galk  Cylindrites.  Rhombites.  Rouleaux. 
Gcrnu  Cylindriten.    Rhombiten^    Waltzek- 
schnecken^    Rolled/ 

Sunt  cochlea  vcrticc  turbinato  :paucioribu$  fpiris, 
una  lupra  alteram  circumvoluta,  forma  cylindrical  in  una 
cxtremitatc  l«ves  dura  in  altera  Ipir«  folura  confpiciun- 
tuf,  orificto  lateral!  oblongo,  Isvi ,  aliquando  dentato 
per  totum  hiante  9  radus  petrificati  occurrunt.  B  o  u  r- 
GUET  Tr.  des  Petrif.  Tab.  XXXIll.  N:o  aip.  Walck 
St,  R.  T.  X.  N:o  1.  a.  Baumer  Mineral.  T.  L  f.  14. 
D'Argenville  Concbyol  Tab.  XVL 

17.  COCHLITiE  turHnati^  ccrpore  tubercuHs  ^  acuJeis 
borridOf  muricum.    MuRiciXiE.  Spec.  499^ 

Murides  lapidei^  cajjidei  laves  if    ajfera.    GfiSNERi 
dc  Petrif. 

Ahnita.  Nonnull* 

Suct4l.   ^URICITER. 

Gall.  MuR^ciTES.  RocHERS.  Alatites* 
Germ.  Muriciten.  Stachelmuscheln. 

Sunt  cochles  Tcrtiee  turbinato ,  que  aliquam  cum 
huccinitis  babent  convenientiam ,  ab  iisdem  vero  dsQin^ 
&x  9  quod  fcmper  in  medio  ventricofas  ad  utramque  ex* 
tremitatem  plus  minus  elongats  ^  &  quad  in  apices  acur 
tos  fe  termin^ntes ;  atquc  turbinibui  oblique  Hexis  gau* 
dere  videntur ;  orifido  feu  apertura  femper  oblonga,  den* 
tat^  aut  alata^  ia'fuperficie  tubcrculis  aut  verrucis  vel 
aculeis  veftitae.  Raro  petrifica^as  occurrunt.  Ag.  Scil* 
lA  van.  Jhec.  Tab.  f.  f.  i.  a.  5.  &  Tab.  5.  f.  4.  6. 
Walcu  yt.  R.  Tab.  XL  N:o  a.  a.  d'ARGENviLu 
CombyL  Tab.  XVIL  &  XVlll 

18-  CO 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


4PX  ^        .       t>^  (  0  3  KJ 

lU-  COCHUT-^  turhinati^  cor  pore  tvbercuHs^  fpltif 

loiiniato ,  purpurarum.  'Purpuritjb^        Spec  ^ oa 

PurMrm  caffides  globof^ ,  aculeata  UpiduB.  Gesneri 

Suech.   PUKPURITER. 

Gall*  PURPURITES   OU  POURPRES. 

Germ.  Purpuritek.  Purpurmuschelk. 

V  Sunt  cochlear  turbinacas  a  muricuis  diftinSas  non 
folum  orificio  minori  fere  totundo  &  nudo  ac  Isvi ,  fed 
&  quod  minus^  fiat  ventricofs  ,  fupcrficie  gaudentes  m- 
tegra  tuberculis  »  verrucis  i  folds,  fi^uamis  vel  aculeb^ 

2ua(i  fquamofs ,  divifs  vel  radicatae  eflenc  K  n  o  r  r 
.  Vn.  D.  1.  P.  11.  Tab.  f.  f-  3.  4.  Tab.  6.  f.  15- 
Baumer  Min*  T.  L  fig.  15.  d'ARCENviLLE  Concbyol. 
Tab.  XIX, 

19.  COCHLlTiE  vix  exierne  turhimti  9  forma  rotm^ 
da^  globofarum.    Globositjr.  Spec*  foi. 

Cochlea  fpbaric  a. 
Tonnita* 

Bulla  laptdea.    ScHEucfizEU.  Or.  Helv. 
Nucef  maris  lapide'a. 

Speth.  Globositer. 

Gall.  Globosites»  Conches  sPHSRiquES.  ToNMf 

TES.      BULLES.      NoiX   DE   MER.  , 

Germ.  Globositen.    Tonnenmuscheln* 

Sunt  cochleae  extrinfecc  non  apparencer  turbinatar«, 
fignra  nucum,  tonnarum  feu  doliorum  vel  oh>aruin  aut 
ficus,  fere  fphaerica»  in  medio  inlhr  dolii  tumidas  cum 
tpertura  feu  orificio  magno  &  amplo »  aliquando  integro 
tuquando  crenato »  ad  unam  extremitatem  faepe  tuTCr* 
culofa;.  ScHSucHZER  Or.  Helv^  Ei  6in  6^  Bourguet 
Tr.  des  Peirif.  Tab.  XXX VII.  N:o  air.  a49.  ^^a 
Walch  St.  R.  Tab.  IX.  N:o  2.  ^  Tab.  XL  N:o  j. 
Baumer  Min.T.l  t  17.  d^ARGBNviLLS  dmcbyk 
X  XX. 

oa  ccx:h. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


00.  COCHLIT-flE  vix  externe  turhinati^  f^mit  oh^ 
knga^  forcellanarum.  PoRCELtANiTiE.    Spec,  foo* 

Concha  veneris  lapidea.    Scheuchze&i  Qir.  ^  Vind^ 

^ijc. 
Sueth.    PORCELLANITER. 
"Gall.    PORCELLANITES. 

Germ.  Porcellaniten.    Porculainschkecxek. 

Vknusschnscxen. 

Sunt  cochlear  noo  apparenter  turbinats,  figura  fere 
o?ali  feu  oblonga »  infcriusi  complanata ,  cum  orificio  aa-« 

Sufto  oblongo  medium  cochleae  occupance  ,  plerumque 
:  fi  non  Temper  dentato,  Scheuchzir  Qyer.  if  Vind. 
fife.  T.  V.  Knorr  L.  Vn.  D.  T.  P.  11.  Tak  41. 
)^.  4.  5.  5.  Baumer  Min.  T.  1.  f.  i6.  Walck 
St.  R.  Tab.  XU.  N:o  3.  d'A  a  g  e  n  v  i  l  t  s  ConcbyoL 
T.  XXL 

<P)  CONCHYLIA  LAPIDEA ,  iivahia.    Conchi- 

TM. 

Sueth.  Stenwandlade  Musslor. 

Gall.  CONCHITSS.   COQUILLES    ^  DEUX  BaTTONS 

PETRIFI^ES. 
Co(^UiLLE$   BIVALVES    PBTRIPI^SS* 

Germ.  Versteinerte  Muscheln. 

ai,  CQNCHlTiE  inaqualibus  vahis  ,/^mofis^  fere 
roiundiSf  ojirearum.  Ostracit^.  Spec  ^03^ 

t,itboftreon. 
Sueth.  OsTRACiTER.  Stenwandlade  Ostronsxahl, 

Gall.  OSTRACITES.    OSTREITES     OU    HuiTRXS     FI- 

TRIFI^ES. 
GeirOL  OSTRACITENt 

Sunt  conchae  bivalves  fuperficie  incquali ,  fouama-^ 
ik^  lamelloia  vel  cruftofa  ^  plus  minus  fulcata  oc  lea- 
bra  9  figura  rotunda  vel  oblonga ,  guarum  valvas  plerum* 
que  ioi^uaks  ,  una  Aipra  alteram  mag^is  cxtcnla  fimol 

& 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


454-  J>^Co)«1 

&  m^s  i»>Qvexa,  dum  altera  mfoor  deprefla  &  fere  pla- 
na exiftic^ 

Ca)  Qstracitje'  lamelloji  aut  fquamofi  ,   orhicvlareL 

OsTRACiTiE.     Oftrea  vulgares. 
Sunt  forma    fere  orblcuiari  ;   fquamulis  vet  lamelli^ 

compodci,  fuperficie  utplurimum  rugofa  vel  fcabra* 

raro  lavi.     Scheuchz<er  Or.  Helv.    fig.  123.  ta9. 

BouRGUET  Tr.  ties  Vetrif,   Tab.  XIV.  f.    83-  87. 

Baier  Or.  Nor.  Tab.  IV,  {,  33.  34.    Lachmund 

Or.  Hildesb.  p«  47.  fig.  X.    A  l  l  i  o  n  Or.  pedem. 

p.  40.  N:o  10.    Walch  St.  R.  Tab.  XVII.  N:o  i. 

(b)  OsTRACixa  orbiculares ,  Jquamis  ad  amhitumfuU' 

QpfiS.      POLYGINGLIMXJM. 

Vocatur  aScHEUCHzsRO  fDlykpiOjginglimon  f  ab  Ai« 
MO  VAN  DO  argyro  conchites  ^  fquamis  corapofinim, 
in  ambitu ,  ad  articulationem ,  fulcacis.  Scheuch* 
ZER  Muf.  Diluv.  N:o  797.  a.  b.  c.  M  o  n  x  i  in 
Comm.  Bon.  T.  II.  p.  342,  All  ion  Or.  pedem. 
p,  43.    Aldrovandi  Muf.  p.  87. 

(c)  Ostracit^  fi/uamofi  aut  lamelhfi^  elengati. 
Sunt  forma  elongata  ^  di verfimode  curyata ,  aliquafu 
do  &  lametlis  feu  fquainuiis  undulatis«      Schii/ck* 
ZER  Or.  Helv.  f.  154.     Bourguex  Tr.  des  Petrify 
Tab.  XIV.  f.  86^ 

(d)  OsTRAciTit  firiati  ,  peEHniformes.     OsT^acam 

PECTIKIFORMES. 

Liftroniia.  Strigojida.    LuiDii. 

Sudt  forma  aut  orbicuIari  aut  plus  mfnus  doneatii 
peftinum  more  ftriati ;  ftriis  minoribns  aut  maio- 
ribus,  )am  rcSis,  jam  flexii^,  vel  interruptis.  Pour- 
GUET  Tr.  des  Vetrif.  T.  XVIL  f.  pc  ^cheuch- 
2ER  Spec.  Litb.  Helv.  N:o  6^.  LuiDii  Icbn.l^ 
Br.   N:o  5:^0. 

Ce)  OsTRACTT^  amhitu  curvato^  auriform.  OfTt4« 

•ITA    AURIFORMfifl. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


HaratuJa.  LuiDii. 

OJiracita  grypboidei. 

Roftro  gaudcnt  in  formani  fpir«  vd  auris  plus  minus 

clongato.     BouRGUET  Tr.   dts  Petrif.  Tab.  XIV. 

f.  85.  88.  Tab.  XV.  f.  89.  90.  ScHEucHZER 

Or.  Heh.  t  ia5,  '117.  118.     LuiDii  Icb.  L.  Br. 

N:o  ;oi. 

Cf )  OsTRACiTJE  tmhricMtu    Crista  galli. 

Ferma  orbiculari  vcl  oblonga ,   radiis  &  fulcfs  profun.  ;» 
dis ,  iisdemquc  rotundis  ;  dc  caftcro  fcabrofi  vcl  tu- 
bcrculoli.    Bo«ROUET  I.  c.  Tab.  XVI.  f.  94.  o(f. 
ScHEucH^ER   Or,   Heh.  fig.    lai.  m.     Baier 

'  S^'.v/V-  '^^^^-  V.  fig.  I.  Walch  ^/,  R.  Tab. 
XV 11.  2,  a^ 

Cg)  OSTRACIT^  pUcatU      RaSTELLUM   LUIDII. 

Forma  orbiculari  aut  plus  minus  cloiigara,  profiindc 
ftriati  aur  fulcati  ,,  ftriis  in  plicas  feu  folia  rcflcxa 

.  fe  terminantibus.  B  o  u  r  g  u  e  t  1.  c.  Tab.  X  VIU 
f.  97*  ^8  100.  loi.  ScHEucHZFi  Or.  Heh.  f, 
116,  All  ION  Or.pedem,  p.  39.  N:d  i.  p.  40. 
N:o  7.  8.    Walch  Sk  R.  Tab.  XVII.  N:o  u 

(\i)  OsTRACiTiC  peStinaio  pKcati^ 

Hehiintolitbus  oftrece^  diluvianA  v.  Linn^,  i6f^  8. 

Valvule  funt  cymbiformcs  ,  latere  altcro  anguftiori, 
plicis  rerrorfiim  imbricatis  profundc  dcntatis*  Da* 
VILA  Cat.  Tom.  I  Tab.  XIX.  fig.  X. 

Ohf.  Hi  frequentcsin  Balsherg  In  Scama  primus  dcfcripfit  voK 
tiNNcM.  c.  convcnirc  vidcntur  cum  iconc  qucm  Davi* 
LA  L  c.  depinxit. 

(S)  OsTRACiTi€  echinati.  LiMNOSTRACiTiE.  SpondylL 
Sunt  forma  orbiculari  aut  parum  elongata  pe^^inis; 
ftriis  lonaitudfnalibus  ant  transverfajibus  ,  aculeis 
maioribus  aut  minoribim,  ronricari  Pot  rcuft  Tab; 
XVI.  f.  95'.  &iof  ScHEucHZFR  (r.Heh.fl 
130.  &  Spec.  Litbcg,  Heh.  p.  49.  f.  70.     Luidji 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Uib.  Bar.  N:o  443.  I^Mellc  dc  L.  Fig.  Luhtf. 
Tak.  m.f.  I.    Walch  St.  R.  Tab.  XVII.  N:o  1. 

(k)  OsniKQiTM  froBi.  Fragmenta  ostracxtxca. 

Reperiuncur  hujusmodi  fra|inenta  non  pauca  ,  a  dt* 
verfis  oftradtis  divcrfa.  rragmcaca  ab  oftraciris  pli* 
tatis  receafet  plura  S  c  h  s  u  c  R  z  e  &  ia  Or.  Hihi.  p* 
3i3v  BovRGUExTr.  i/f/i^/ri/:T.XVn-f.  102.  ab 
ojiracuis  imbtkMs  recenfrt  HstwiNG  \t%Utb.  Agu 
%       g€rh  p*  73.  N:o  3*  Tab.  VIH*  f^  21.  22I 

la*  CONCHlT-ffi  ina^alihus  V0!vis^rofiro  JjubureH  mS^ 

MriCO.   GRYfHITiE. 

Concbiia  curviroftru  Concbita  Umati.  Cmcba  lapiit§ 

gibUfa.  CoLUifNA.  BoccoN«  ObJ. 
Oftna  naunliformia. 
Hebnintolitbus  anom^  ^  grypbi.  v,  Lxnn6  164*  7^ 

Suedt  Gryphiter. 
GalU  Gryphites. 
Germ.  Gryphiten* 

Valvis  confiant  inaqii^ibus^  faperioR  plana  vel  pa- 
rum  concava »  infcriori  ventricoia  obioaga ,  forma  oavi- 
6ttU  cum  roftro  promiaulo  recurvato» 

(a)  GRYPHLTiB  laves.* 

Superficie  func  laevigata.  SoxntGUBr  I.  c  T.  XiV^ 
£  87.  &  Tab,  XVLU.  f,  103.  104. 

(b)  Gryphita   rugo/i^ 

Superficie  funt  rugofa  inasquall  BauRGUsrl.  a 
T*  XV.  fig.  9%.    ScHEUcHZER.  Ur.  Uelv.  f.  loS^ 

(c)  GRYPHiTiE  Ucunoju 

Sunt  lacunis  vel  &  fulcis  in  fpcrfide  prsditu  L^Ki^ 
if.  L.  b.  ifi.  Tab.  XL VIII.  Baxer  Or.  Non 
Tab.  V.  f.^7-,i9.  i  Mbli.r  La/;.  fi£.  L.  TaUi 
HI*  f.  a. 

Google 


Digitized  by 


m.  OfiginAlU  ad  h9c  petrificata  nondum  ftioe  reperta  i  ca- 
dem  tam  ad  intrinfecam  quam  cxtdnrecam  ilruduraia  dt- 
fcripfit  Baier  Of.  Nor.  p»  78. 

%3.  CONCHIT-ffi  inaqualihiS  valvis\  roflro  promifndo 
^  utplurimtm  veluU  pertufo  donati.  Akomi^.  Sp^ 

Terebratula.  Listeri. 

Concha  anemia  lapidea.    F.  Columnar    l^tiQitncviu 

$a  LuiDii.  V   I 

Helmiutoliibus  anomia  defer Jiia.  v*  Linn^  1^3%  4# 
Mujcidi  anotnii. 

Succh.  Anomiter,  T|rebratuliter.        '    ^' 
GalL  >^o MITES*  Terebratulites.  .n 

Gcrau  Terebratuliten. 

Valvis  conftant  insqiaalibua  ^  iisdemqu^  s^ut  larriga* 
tis,  auc  ftriatis  aliquando^  fukaris^  a  quibtis  undm  al- 
cero  majus,  roftro  prominulo  &  fi  non  femper  tamen  im^ 
plus  quafi  perforaco  gaudet. 

(a)  Anomi^  laves  ^   orhiculares. 

Sunt  figura  orbicular!  ,  vel  fere  rotunda  ,  longi^udine 
&  laticudine  parum  aut  nihil  difcrepantes  ,  in  mc- 
dio  convcxi,  &  plus  minus  ventricofi.  Raise  Or 4 
^or.  Tab.  V.  f.  15.  17.  Bourgvw  Tr.  des  jRr- 
irif.  Tab.  XXX.  fig.  191. 

^)  Anomi^  laves ,  figura  ovalu 

Sunt  ovales  St^^ura  oblonga  ,  mafori  longfrudine  ^ 

ouam  latitudinA   in  medio  tumidi  &  fere  convex!. 

Baibr  Or.  M  Tab.  V.  f.  03.  ^4.    Bouigvev 

Trah.  des  Petri f.  Tab.  XXX.  f.  494.  Schiuchzer 

Or.  Hth.  f.  114. 

fc)  Akomi^  laves  plana  am  comprejfa. 

Sunt  6^ura  aut  orbicutari  aut  elongata  ovali,  fed  non 
tumidi  vel  in  medio  elevats  ^  fed  plana?  &  qnafi 
compreflfx,  unde  ad  figuram  cum  prioribus  fere 
convcniunt. 

Tm.  Ih       ,  It  id) 


Digitized  by  VjOOQIC 


498  fc^Co^Kl 

(d)  ANOMiiC  hves ,  lacunofa. 

Sunt  fi^ura  plus  minus  oblonga ,  lacunis  prardici  pro 
.  fundioribus  ,    uno  per  mediam  valvam  transcunr?, 

j¥e\  lints y  trim's^  2ixi  quatuor  quibus  valv«  in  tr^ 

Giiatuor  vcl  6  partes  quafi  dividnntur.     Baifr  (Jr. 

Nor.  Tab*  V.  f.  13.  ag.  29.     H  e  l  w  i  n  g  s  I//^. 

jingiri.  Tab.   IX.  f.   ii2.     Scheuchzer  Or.   Heiv. 

1-163.  116-    BouRGVET  Tn  dtsfetrij.  Tdb.XXX. 

t  1^8.  ig9.  19^-  193-  ^9f.  196* 
(c)  KsouiM  hves  plicata. 
Sunt  quafi  fimbriate^    Baier  Or.  N.  Tab,  V.  f*  11. 

(f)  AnomijC  fitiata  peQiniformes.    Ostjleopecti- 
NtT^.  PeBunculita. 

Sttoc'longitudinalltcr  t   pe6Hnum  more  >  ftriaui  ftriis 

<  fubdlioribitS)  plus  minus  plaiii  aut  comprcffi  formjt 

flabclU*      B A iJER    Or.   Nor.  Tab.   V.   f.  11.  i«. 

Scheuchzer   Or.  Helv.-  f.  lof.  106.     Bourguei^ 

7r.  ^fj  P^m/  tab.  XXX.  f.  t$6.  i87-  192- 

.  |>^  Hanc&  fequcDlct  varictatcs ,  qaas  olim  ut  fpecie  direr- 
fas  ab  antecedentibus  anomiarum  varictatibus  dercri{>tii 
cpnfideravimus ,  unde  &  peculiare  obtioucrunt  nomen »  a 
fimilitudlAc  cum  qfifeif  i^pe^initit^  oftteope^iniu  rocztm  ^ 
vasdem  fub  una  cadcm^ue  f^ecie  colligere  conrulciut  jim 
duximus^  quum  vix  alia  inter  atumias  recenfiUf  U^Sp  9c 
oJreopeSinitas  datur  differentia  quam  in  ftriii^ 

(g)  ANoniiC  firiat^  ventricofa.    OsTREOPSCXiKiTJi 

VEKTRICOSt. 

:  Sunt  figura  plus  minus  eldn]E;ata,  fupetficie  ftriata,  in 
medio  tumidi  &  ventricofi  ,  unde  quad  fubfc^UD- 
rici  aliquando  apparent.  Scheuchzer  Or.  Heh. 
f.  104.     BouRGUET  Tr,  d€S  Purif.  Tab.   XXIX^ 

(h)  ANOMiiC  ^riata  ,  lacunofa.    OsxREOPScriNiTiB 

LACUNOSI. 

S119 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Sunt  ftrlati,  &  infupcr  uno^  hinis^  trims  ^  aiit  plurk 

bus  lacuais,  quau  lulcis  profundioribus  dmfi  H£i> 

Wings  Utb.  Ang.  Tab.  IX,  fw  ii.  Bourgvet  it. 

des  Pefrif.  Tab.  XXX.  fig.  igo.  igi- 

(J)  Anomi^ firiatatril§b4d.  Ostreopsctjlnz xM 

TKiLOBW 

•  teQunaditts  anomius  trilnkus^    LiStee. 
Concha  amrma  ftriaia  itUoha.    F.  CotuMNiu 

Suat  profuade  ftriati,  8(  in  ora  media  finu  donntis  ni^ 
de  vaivae  quafi  in  tres  partes  divifx  apparent ,  ali- 

2uando  licet  in  ambit»  quafi  crcnad.  Helwings, 
ith  Angerb.  Tab.  IX.  f.  lo.  Scueuchzee 
Or.  Helv.  f.  loa.  BoiiRduEx  Tr-  Jts  Mri/^Tzb. 
XXX.  f.  i8f. 

•^  Probe  b«a  ^oncia  anomh  trihH^  difiioguenada  a  t^tatiitt 
trikbQ  firiato  ^  qui  irigwlU  ftriata  appcUari^  foictt  ^  &  ad 
conchas  nxm  pcrdntc  #  fed  intei  4nUmQlUbo£^  d^^i^ibcmduB 
1U«  loc(x  * 

fk)  Anomi£  y^Wirr^e  angulares^    OsTREOPSctiNXT4 
angulares^ 

Horum  valvar  ftriatas  aliquando  in  tres  quafi  angu|os 
cxteafe  vidcntur  aliquando  pentagonal*  Helwikgs 
JJtb.  Ang.  Tab.  iX.  f.  9.  v.  Linn^  Muf.  TejfT. 
f,  f;4.    SCHEUCH2ER  Or.  Helv.  f  1F7. 

Sub  hac  variecate  comprehendimus  conchilmbi  biloim^ 
M^,  qtiod  defcripfit  v*  Livui  Mu/^  Trf  "Wb.  f^ 
f.  «•  A^  B.  ,  ■  ^  ^ 

(I)  A  N  o  M I  iB  firiata  plkata.     OSTRfibPECtiKXTA 

PtICATt.  '  ^ 

Sunt  quafi  fimbriis  vt\  plidi  donatio    Walck  iSV^  il. 
"     Tab.  Xni  3.  ^  -^ 

(jb)  AvouiJR  ftriaia  mbricoM.  OttXREOPCcximTA 

XMBRXCATI.  \,   ..^ 

Striis  gaudent  iimplicioribus  &  tenuioribus  ,  infiiper 
tcro  radiis  feii  futeis  profundis  &  majoribus.    B  Alfe*' 
Ii  a  &ft 


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lop  *w  C  iO  J  ^ 

E»  Or.  iV.  Tab,  V.  f,  5-  6.  7,  g-    Scheuchzk 
Or.  Helv.  f.  104. 

(n)  ANOMiiC  ftriata  ecbinata.    Ostreofectinita 

BCHlNATI. 

"^  Sunt  pedinifdrmes  fed  tenuionbus  aculcis  pra^iti.  Bo* 
tJEGUET  Tr.  des  Penif.  Tab.  XXX-  f.  igj. 

(Off.  Anomid  a  nonnulBs  appellantur  conctee,  quarum  origi- 
nalia  floodum  futic  re^tta ;  ab.  aliis  ^  ille  quamm  va^« 
fliat  insquales,  five  torma  live  magnitudinei  q'io  refpe- 
ftu  oftraeltc  ftib  eodc/n  comprehcnderentur  nomine.  Hae 
nuper  defcriptc,  ib  ofireis  ai(linft«  gonchae,  tandem  Tolae 

^  ftmt  anomls  vocats,  utpoce  quarum  originalia  nondum 
Hunt  repdrta,  quarum  &  ^ralv9  Tunc  inaequales  ,  gu«  6c 
jutpliirMaua  fuo  roitro  foxamliioiQ  ab  oftreis  funt  difiin- 
fts,  licet  plurim«  anomi«,  qu«  hie  in  SuecU  ^  inprinus 
GqiblatifUa  reperiuncur,  exocicorum  oftfecpcdiuitia  feu  pf- 

^  duncnlieis  de  caetero  omnino  fimiles,  r^tflime  fbramiiftlo 
in-  ioilro  prbminente  fiat  dotatar.  Inter  petrificata  ftmc 
hm  tomba  Mnomia  frequentHfim«. 

a4  CONCHITiE  inaqualihus  valviSy  una  trtnis  pradu 

*      tayorammtuS^calvariamanieridremreferens.Nvu* 

MVLi  Bratt£nburg£KS£s.  Spec.  506* 

I  Oftr actus  nw/iismaiicus.  K«Stob£us  DiJf.Ep.de  num'^ 
Piulo  Brattenk. 


Oflraciia  minimi  caharia  j^ram  ammonm  fuoda 
mod§  rtferentes^  M.  R«  379*  4. 

HHmintoUtbus  anomia  craniolaris,  y.  Linn^  146.  6» 
dmM  minores  tribus  foraminibus  perUifx.    W  a  l  c  H 
^     SuK  p.  iio« 

Sueth.  Beatt£nburgs  penninCar. 
Gatl.^Ecos  DE  Brattenburg. 
Gcaa.  Brattenburgischb  Pfennige* 

*  Sunt  cohchs  minores  plans  orbiculares  «  qoacnm 
«iu  valva^  forma  numismatis  minoris,  cribus  forammibus 
dotfta^  anteriofcm  calvariae  partem  referc,  altera  «eco 
ftteonica* 

(a) 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


^  C  o  )  1.^  fot 

Ca)  NuMMULi  BRATTCNBuitGENSif  forcmifioJU 
Walch  St.  R.  Tab.  XVI.  N:o  a.  a.  a. 

(b)  NUMMULI  BRATTlNBUEGlN^fiS  fiOH  foromno/L 

Ltratquc  hap  varietates  occurruiic  depi^  in  K.  Sto- 
BMi  DiJTEpift.  ii  nummido  braMnb.  f.  x.  2U  !•  <l 
4.  vlx  alibi  ouam  in  Scania  Zi^  litora  prope  BacKMS^ 
kog  &  Egenehpga^  atquc  in  Bcdsbarg  hue  qsquc  rcr 

pcrt«.  ^ 

©*/;  K.  Stobaus  I.  c.    H»c  conchylia  ad  ofiratHat  eonnu« 

racravir;  reccndares  ilOttnull  ut  Walch  In  St.  R.  & 

Ba  uMitF.  in  Mineral.  T,  I.  324.  cadcm  inter  tbamtat  con* 

^     numerarunti  quia  forftn  iisdcm  Ignqtuin  fuit  liaec  con- 

chyfia  in«qualibus  cbnltarc  vajvla. 

af.  CONCHITJE  aqMlibus  valvii^  non  almis^  cbama^ 
rum.  Chamit.!,  Spcc^  507. 

Cbama  combe  fimiks  lapides.  LuiDiu9» 

SllCtb*   ChAMlTER* 

Gall.  Chamites  ou  Games. 

Germ.  Chamiten.  Gienmuscheln. 

Sunt  conchae  orbiculari  aut  ovali  figuca  ,   quar  bints 

CO  ftanc  parum  convcxis  vcl  chcvatis  aeoualibua  valvis  tarn 

if-r'"^?  roagnitudinc,  ii«dcmquc  ab  uno  latere  fem- 

per  hifcentibus ,  utplurimutn  lacvcs  &  quafi  politas »  in« 

tcrdum  ftriatae  vcl  plicat«. 

(a)  CHAMiTiC  ambitu  /ubratundo^ 

Sunt  plus  minus  conrcxi ,  laeves  aut  ftriati  aliqaando 

finuofi  Tcl  plicati.     W  o  l  F  f  a  n  T  H.  M  Hajf. 

Tab.  14.  fig  14.  15-.  15,     ScHEUCHZER   Or.  Heh. 

%  '83-  84.  fo.  91.  91.  a  Meixb  de  L^fiR.  L-Tab. 

I-  %.  9.  Walch  St.  R.  Tab.  XVU  N.o  i. 

(b>  ChamitjT  ambitu  ovali. 

Oyali  fere  feu  oblonga  funt  figura  ,  laevcs  vel  ftriati\ 

wl  plicati.    ScHPUCHZER   Or.  Hetv.  t  82.  gf. 

86.  93.  94.  9f .    BouRGvBT  Tr^  des  PttriL  Tab. 
lis  XXIII. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


XXIIK  f-  IJ5.  136,    Waich  St,  R.  Tab,  XVI^ 

N;0  a. 

a6,  CONCHITiE  aq^»Ubus  valvis^  oUongis^  eonvext\ 
figura  Jere  coniea  ,  vel  %n  acumen  ^ejinente  9  nm/cu^ 
iSrum.  MuscuLiT^.^  Spec,  %o%^ 

Mytuiita. 

Socth.  MvsctriLiTEit.  MyiutiTEi, 
Gall.  MusculiteS  ou  Moules  petrifies.  Mvtu* 

UTES. 

Germ.  Muscuuten.    MYXuntiN,   Mi£Smu<» 
scheln/ 

Sunt  conchs  plus  minus  obtic^ue  elongatae «  aequa* 
libus  valvis  ^  coiitcxs  feu  veacricolae  ^  ad  unam  ex^tremi- 
utem  ,  quafi  fa  coaum  tcI  aciMnen  (e  terminantes  ^  alw 
quando  ^b  ucraque  extremitate  coardatac ,  a^quaies ,  for* 
ma  ideoque  aut  mufculari  aut  cylindrica. 

(a)  M  us cu L iT^  jorma  ad  conUam  aeadtntt ,  hafi 
rotundata^ 

Horum  latus  unum ,  dum  linea  fere  re£ki  exteofum  xu 
decur,  alterum  ambicu  fere  rotundato  gaudecBouR- 
GUET  Tr.  des  Petrtf,  Tab.  XX 11.  f,  119.  13a  131. 
r     133,  134.  Walch.  5>.  R.  Tab.  XIX.  Nfto  3, 

(hyMvscvLiTM forma  ^lindrica.  DACTYLiXif:.  Mj^ 

ttdita.    Pboladts. 
Valvis  conftant  maxime  elongatts^  ab  utraque  extre- 

mitatc  aeauali  fere  latitudme,  rocimdati.    Wolf^ 

WHKT  A   NaL    !/•  T.  9.  fig.  I,  !•      BoUJtGVET 

Tr.  des  Peirif.  Tab.  XXI.  fig.  123.  las*  xa?.  Walch 
St.R.  Tab,XX.N;Oi, 

Olf.  Sub  hae  roufculifarum  varietate  eompreheridiinus  atn 
fculitas  eyiiadticoS)  quos  alii  pbolaies  kivMhes  appcUint; 

(c^  Musculorum  margaritiferorum  cardims   viridi 

carulei.    Penna  pavonis. 
BtlmintboUtbns  mpuli  margarit\feri  eardims  viridis. 

£ft 


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E^  tcncto  cardials  in  mufculitis  margantiferis,  feu  ma* 

trice  perlarunl  dida  induracus  ,   qui'pofiitucam  fufci- 

pfr,  ^c  gcmmam  mencicur  colore  viridt  csrulefcen* 

te,  pro  utu  &  flexione  vertus   lucem  variaatt.   efr^ 

'     A0a  Stockb.  1759.  Tak.  I  fig.  ^.  6.  7.  8-    ^        . 

a7.  CONCHIT-flE  valvis  aqualihus  oHon^oribus ,  in  0^ 
crimen  defiumihs^pinnarum.  Pin  nit  A.  Spec,  509. 

SuCth.   PiNNITER.  i 

Gall.   PiNNITES,   PiNNES    MARINES    OU  jAMBONt  M- 
TRIFI^ES.  » 

Germ.  Pinn^ten.  Steckmuschelk. 

Suntxx3fich£  valvis  sgualibus  oblongae  9  figura  fece 
coni^a  fcuDocius  ttiangiilari  ifofccles,  parpm  convexs ,  in 
acumen  deunentes,  cum.ofiBcia  ad  bafit;  temper  parum 
apcrto.  Lu];dii  Icb^  L.  Br,  N:o  ^^q.  Allion  Or.  pe- 
^evt,  p  38  Walch  St.  R.  Tab^  XVHI.  N:o  2.  b. 
B^tMER  Min.  Tom.  '•  %•  33- 

Otjl  A  nonnuUii  referuntur  Pinniu  ad  iy)ec!eii|  praecedeatcm, 
cosdem  eonfideranccs  iAmjtulor  triangularis^  (kmper  quo* 
4iM)nimodo  apercos*, 

M8.  CONCHfTiB  vahis  aquoHbuioHongiorihus  ^  in  m^ 
(umen  definentibus  ^  forma  rbomioidali  y  tellinarum* 
TELLiNiTiB.  Spec,  yio* 

Suclh.   TELLINITERi 

Gall.   TeLUNITES.   Cot^UILLES   RHpMBpJ^fS* 

Gcrjp.  Tellinxten*  Teii^musjchbln. 

Sunt  conche  valvis  a^qualibqs  npn  ventrtcofapt  ^tn 
^onvexae  ^    ab  una^  c^djnis  parte  clongata? ,   ab  altera^ 
breviores  ^  figura  rhotnboidali »   ab  uqo  latere  magis  « 

2uam  ab  ialtero  orbiculari ,  fupcrficie  l«vi  aut  ftriata. 
.uiDn  Icb.  IJfb.  Br.  N:o.  790.  Bourgujet  Tr.  da  ie- 
trtf.  Tab.  XXII. £  131.  134. 13J.  i34.&Tab,  XXlll. 
%»  243.  ScHiucH2«R  Or.  Hilv.  fig«  no.  Walci 

114  ^^ 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Si.  R.  Tab.  XX.  N:o  i.      Baumih  Min.  T.   I. 

^9-  CONCHlTiE  vahis  ajualibus  fifluhfis ,  foleuorum. 
SoLENiTit.  Spec.  fil. 

Sueth.    SOLENITER. 

6aU.  SoLENiTES  ou  Manches  db  Cout*aux. 
Germ.  Soleniten.  ^Igelmuscheik. 

Sunt  conchs  bivalves  maxime  elohgnts ,  fere  cyUn* 
dries  I  asqualiter  per  totam  longitudinetn  convexs  ^  ab 
utraque  cxtremitace  apercae  t  baud  diffimiles  binis  ad  iii- 
vicem  adgludnatis  fifhilis,  corpore  aliquando  re&o  aliquan- 
do  arcuaro ,  colore  utplurimnm  unguis.  Bouigvit  Tt. 
Jes  petrif.  T.  XXI.  f.  114.  128.  Baiee  Or.  MTab. 
W.  fig  II.  jj.  ScHEucHZEit  Or.  Hth.  f.  iig 
Wajlch  5V.  R.  T.  XVIIL  N;o  3^  Baumer  Mw. 
T.  I.  f  J^. 

Ohf  Haec  petrifictta  tb  aliis  fub  priori  fpecfe  comprebendun- 

tur,  a  quibus  vocantur  ullitit^  improprie  dsRa  ^  iniquaih 

-     tumvero  a  tellinitis  difcrcpant^a  defcripdonibus  puce 

30.  CONCHITiE  vahis  rotundis  €ordiformibus  bucar^ 
diarum.  BuCAHDiTiV.  Spec.  5ia» 

Cbama  vet  concbds  cordiformes^  Nonnullorum. 
CardioHibi  vel  Usbocardua* 

Sueth.   BuCARDITEK. 

GalL  Cardites  ou  Coeur  de  Boeuf. 

Germ.  Bucarditen.  HERTZFdRMiGi  Muschelk, 

^  Sunt  concha  bivalves  fere  rotundat  ,  feu  luaxiine 
▼entribofas,  fua  figtira  tordi  bo  vino  fere  "fimites ,  fuper- 
ficie  laevi)  firiaca  vel  tuberculbfa. 

C>)  BucARDiTiE  utrinque  convexL 
BouRGVET  Tr.  des  Parif.  Tab.  XX.  113.  &Tab. 
XXI.  f.  122.    ScHEucHzsR  Or.  Helv.  fig.  89» 

Cb) 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


^4  <  o  )  «|  jof 

Cb)  Buc AUDITA  roflro  Juplici  recurvate. 

Baier  Or.  N.  Tab.  IV^  f;  20.  ii*    BouittfviT  I  c. 
T;ib.  XX.  f,  in.  III.  114.    ii^.  &  Tab.  XXt 

(c)  BucA&DiT«  ai  ir»f  latere  convexi  ab  altera  eon^ . 

cavi.  ^ 

Langii  Hift.  L.Fig.  Tab*  XLVL  f.  i,  1.  Scheuch-' 

ZER  Or.  Helv.  f.  87-    Bouecvbt  1.  c.  Tab.  XX. 

f.    117.  118.  II9* 

iU  CONCHlTiE  valvis  plams  lonfftudinaUter  ftriatis  , 
pecfinum.    PfiCxiNiXiC.  Spec.  513* 

'  Sucth.  Pectiniter. 
Gall.  Pectihites  ov  Peignes  ou  Coc^illes  di 

St.  Jacqves. 
Germ.  pECTiNiTEN.    Kammusc^eln.     Jacobs- 

MUSCHELN* 

Sunt  conchs  )>ivalVes ,  ftriatie  feu  fulcatae »  facie  fe*^ 
re  pedinuiB,  auritas  ve\  non  aurics. 

Ca)  Pectinitjb  ouritK    PEcxiNiXiB.    Cremta. 

Ab  uno  vcl  utroque  Fatcrc  auriti.     Bourgvet  1\ 
XXVIII.  f.  166.  169.     SCHEUCHZER  Or.  i/f/w, 

f.  loi.    Knorr  L.  Un.  T.  P.  a.  Tab.  3.  f.  i.  a. 
Walch  St.  R.  Tab.  XIV.  N:o  2. 

(b)  PkcTiNiT-r  non  auriti^  Pectunculita* 
Sunt  parum  aliquando  convexi  t  figura  oblong  ^ 
rhombofdali  Vel  orbicdlarL  Bcmjrguet  1.  c.  Tab. 
XXVI.  f.  15?.  If 6.  1^7.  158*  159.  SciiiucHzftr 
Or.  Helv.  98.  99.  loo*  Kkorr  L  c.  P.  a.  T.  4^ 
f.  3.  4.  Walch  5*.  R.  Tab.  XIV.  Nid  3. 

(c)  PECTiNuy  mtres  kpidea. 

HamEIU.     SCREIIY«H2€R« 

H^n^dluib  {a^xk  i^rttiit      LuiDir  M.   L.  Br. 
N:o  6i9.  '  . 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


f04  t>^  (  o)  ^ 

St.  R.  Tab.  XX.  N:o  i.      Baumih  Min.  T-    I. 
fig-  M- 

29*  CONCHlTiE  vahis  ajualihus  fiftt^fis ,  foltnomm. 
SoLENiTit.  Spec*  5 II* 

Sueth«    SOLENITER. 

6aU.  SoLENlTES  ou  Manches   DB  CoUTtAUX. 

Germ.  SoLENiTEN.  ^Igelmuscheik. 

Sunt  conchs  bivalves  maxime  elohgats ,  fere  cylin* 
dries  I  asqualiter  per  totam  longitudinetn  convexas  ^  ab 
utraque  cxtremitace  apertae  t  baud  diffimiles  binis  ad  ia* 
vicem  adglutinatis  fifhilis,  corpore  aliquando  re&o  aliquan* 
do  arcuate  y  colore  utplurimiim  unguis.  Bouxguet  Tt. 
des  petrif.  T.  XXf.  f.  114.  128.  Bai^x  Or.  MTab. 
W.  fig  II.  jj.  ScHEucHZEx  Or.  Helv.  f.  iig 
Wa)lch  5>-  R.  T.  XVIIL  N;o  3^  Baumex  A&». 
T.  I.  f.  ^6. 

Otf  Haec  petrifictta  tb  aliis  fub  priori  fpecte  comprebendun- 

tur^  a  quibus  vocantur  tellinit^  improprie  dtfla  ^  in^quan* 

*     tumvero  a  tellinitis  difcrcpant^.a  defcripdonibus  pateu 

30.  CONCHITiE  vahis  rotundis  €ordiformibus  bucar- 
diarum.  BuCAXDiTiS.  Spec.  5ia» 

Cbama  vel  concbds  cordlformes^  Nonnulloxum* 
Cardiotiibi  vel  LUbocardtta* 

Sueth.   BuCAXDITEX* 

GalL  Caxdites  ou  Coeux  de  Boeuf. 

Germ.  Bucaxditen*  Hextzf^xmigx  Muscheln^ 

^  Sunt  conchas  bivalves  fere  romndat  ,  feu  maxime 
▼entritofas ,  fua  figiira  eordi  bovino  fere'fimites,  fuper^ 
ficie  laevi  >  firiaca  vel  tuberculbfa. 

CO  BucAXDiT-«  tarinque  convexi^ 
Bo ux 6 VET  Tr.  des  Petrif.  Tab.  XX.  113.  &Tab, 
XXI.  f.  i%2.    ScHEucHzsx  Or.  Helv.  fig.  S^ 

Cb) 


Digitized  by 


Google 


tw  <  o  )  Kj  f Of: 

(h)  BucAHDiTA  roJJro  Juplici  recwvat9. 

Baie»  Or.  N,  Tab.  IV.  t.  20.  ai.    BouRrfviT  I.  c. 
Tab.  XX.  f.  III.  III.  114.    115.  &  Tab.  XXi. 
■  f.  lai. 

Cc)  BucA&DiTJB  /r^  MM  latere  convexi  ah  altera  eon-  . 
cavi.  »        , 

Lakgii  H/y?.  L.  Fig.  Tab.  XL VI.  f.  i.  a.  Scheuch-' 
2E»  Or.  Hf/u.  f.  87.    Bou£CVBT  1.  c.  Tab.  XX. 
f.    117.  118.  119, 

1 1,  CONCHlTiE  valvis  plants  hng^t^iaaUter  ftriatis  , 
pe&inum.    Pkctinita:,  Spec.  513. 

'  Sueth.  Pectinitbk. 
Gall.  Pectinitbs  ov  Peigmes  ov  CoQyiitns  db 

St.  jACQyES. 
Germ.  Pectiniten.    Kammusc^eln.     Jacobs- 

MUSCHELN. 

Sunt  conclue  l>ivalVes,  ftriaw  feu  fulcatc,  fade  fe~ 
re  peftinuro,  aiirit«  ve|  non  auritae, 

CO  PfiCTiNiTJB  auriti,    Pectinita.    Creaita. 

Ab  uno  vcl  utroqae  latere  auriti.  Bourgvbt  ^, 
XXVIII.  f.  166.  169.  Scheuchzer  Or.  He/iv 
f.  loi.  Knork  L.  Uo.  T.  p.  1.  Tab.  3.  f.  i.  2, 
Walch  5*.  R.  Tab.  XIV.  N:o  2, 

(hi)  PfecTiKiT^  non  attritii    Pectitncwiitji. 
Sunt  parum  aliquando  convexi*    figura  oblofi^,, 
rhonboidali  ic\  orbicdlad.     Bcmjrguit  1.  c.  Tab. 

XXVI.  f.    15f.  10,   1^7.  158.  If 9.     SCHEUCHZftfc 

Or,  Helv.  98.  99.  100*    Knorr  1.  c.  P.  a.  T.  4, 
f.  3.  4.  Waic»  Si.  R.  Tsrt>.  XIV.  N«o  j. 

Cc)  Fectimvi^  4wr«i  Upi4ea, 
Hameiu.    Scheovrzcr* 

Hioidliitili  %ihi(  i^eftrtMt  Lvmit  bk.  L.  fir. 
N:o  ^69.  ' 

lif  (1) 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


5P<  t«Co>«3[ 

(i;  CQNCHILIA  LAPIDEA  mkivalvh^ 

SuClb.   SxENWANptADE   MaNGSKALIGS  CoNCHTLIEJU 
Gall.  CoijiqUES   MULIIVALVES,      Fo$SIl,E9  MULTI- 
VALVES. 

Germ,  Vehstsinerts  vxelschalige  Conchylick. 

ysL  PHOLADUM  tifia  lapide^.  PuoLAOXTiC.  Sp.  114, 

SQcth.  Phqladiteh. 

Gall.  Pholadit£s» 

Gctfli*  Pholaditen.    Langi  Spitzmusch^m. 

>  Sunt  concha  oblongas  ferc  Cylindricae  5  au(  6  val- 
vis  cofnpofirs,  aquibus  binae  iaccrales  fiinc  majores,  qui- 
btts  conchas  bivalves  itipritni^  jmufculitas  mentiunrur^  rc- 
IfqiMB  minoFcs^    Monti  in  AQ.  honm.  1746.  T.  i*  p. 

E.    Allion  in  (Hycbtogr,  Ped.  p.  jtf.  feqq*  Uavua* 
u  T.  Ilf.  p.  169. 

yj:  B  ALAN  Oku  M  feji^e  la fidea^  Balanita.  Spec. 

Suetit  BaIjAniter. 

Gall.  Balanites  oy  Glj^^qs  de  mer  petrifies. 

Gam*  Qalanxx«i;(^    Meere^ckelst^in* 

Sunt  conchs  muklvalvcs  forma  glancjium  la  aot 
13  compofits  valvisy  quae  ab  umbil^o  feu  centre  in 
bafi  afcendant,  fuperius  fiant  conTerEcntei.  Baif» 
OTi  Ni  Tabn  VUf.  13.  Allion  Or.  Ped.  p.  ^3.  N:o4. 
Walch  St.  R.  Tab,  XX,  N:a  3.  Baumer  M.  iU 
^I^  ^  fig  39' 

Oi^  CONCHARUM  ANA.TIFEIURUM  an  uUlbi  mm 
dam  adhuc  obfcrvat«  pf trificationes  ^  cum  certitudine  dice- 
tt  non  poflufnus«  BERTkAKDrid  Dfff.  Qr.  Aib  titulo  €w^ 
€ht  0Mutifefe  utrifiei ^  CRiiUmat  hjwrum  eoncharum  qusdam 
^mtota  eflc.c^i^iyata^  qu^  depida  ^xiOuot  in  fioun- 
•UBT  TV*  desPehf.  T.  Lllh  f.^?.  &  Scheu^hzer  Or* 
flih.  ff;o  iio»    Alii  vt^ro  jure  contci^duot,  priorem  Bowt- 

I         ' 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


guiUi  rdpft  ttk  ex  offictUis  echini  mox  d€fcrlbendU;*alt^ 
rixa  voro  ionc^  tcllinoide,  vel  alia  nondum  nota  f^cc)e« 

•4.  ECHINORUM  tefia  hpidea:.    EcHiNiTJi.    Sped 

HelmimboJitbus  fcbim.  v.  Linn6  166.  lo* 
Carduus  maritms.  Aldro^andi. 
Aurantiummarinum.  Wormii. 
Vmbrias  vcl  Bromias.  Antiquiorvm/ 
Ecbinoditmata.  Kleinu. 

Sncth.  FcHiNiTER.  Davids  SLUNGSTiNAit*  MaM* 

STENAR. 
GalK  ECHINITES.      OURSINS   DE  MER  FOSSILIS. 

Gcrra.  EcHiNiTEN.    SerXpfel^    Seexgiiu    KKofi* 

STEIN  t. 

.Sunt  figura  fcrc  hcmifph«rica ,  plus  minus  ckvata, 
fornicum  tcre  inllar;  circunifercntia  utplurimutn  rotunda 
aut ovali , rarius  irregulari »  fupcrficie ,  auc  mtnoribuspro* 
(qbcrantiis  in  linear  or^iuatim  difpofiqs  ^  auc  quafi  foli^ 
ornauy  aut  fulcaca. 

.  Ca)  EcmwTM  mamrnillans^  Cidares*  Omtria.  Broth 
Ha. 

SmX  figura  bcmisfJMerica ,  dorlb  elcvato  rotundo ,  fua 
figura  baud  ma^jiiniliis  diQimiles  tcI  tcgmncnto  capita 
turcico  vitcato,  Ti^^^^  vocato ,  fupcrficie  gaucleai 
cmincntiis  hemitphaericis  luajoribus  vcl  minoribus 
ornata ,  aUquando  auafi  aflfulis  confundis  compofi- 
U.  A.  SciLLA  K  Spec.  Tab^  XL  2.  XXll.  i- 
XXIII.  I.  XXIV.  I.  XXV.  I.  Scheuch^er 
Or.  Htlv.  t  153.  134.  BouRGUET  Tr.  4es  Pefr^. 
Tab,  Lri.  344.  347-  34?^  Tab.  LIIL  35 ••  J.  i 
Melle  dc  Ecb.  magr,  f.  i^  j.  3.  4.  f . 

(h^  EcAOiiTM^iiMariS.  Tibvlm..   hufonita.  Ghhtji, 

Echinomttrita.  Ecbimta  conotdei.  ^ 

Sunt  heinispli^idl  figura ,  a  bafi  vel  ambtru  circa* 
hit  uk  bbmist>haetiitfn  ckvafi  1  ^liquanda  in  conum 

fc* 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


50»  |hCo)k| 

fere  faftigiati,  fittiiles  globulis  vcftfariis;  in  fupetficic 
ornad  quinquies  dtiplicato  ordine  lincarum  pundata 
velcrcnato.  Bourgvet  Ir.  des  Veirif.  Tzb.  Lfll. 
,f.  349^  3^1.  Langii  Hiji.  U  Fig.  Tab.  4f.  f.  4 
to.  &  Tab.  36.  f.  I.  Melle  dc  Ecb.  Wagr.  f.  (J. 
Kundmann  R^  Nat.  ^  A-  Tab.  V.  N:o  ^M  12. 

Cc)  EcHiNiT^  galeati.    Cassides.' 

Sunt  6^ura  oblonga  feu  ovali ,  a  bafi  ovali  in  hcmiV 
»  phsnum  fornicarum  eicvad ,  ?ecerum  galeis  baud 
diflimiles;  Aipcrficic  gaudent  oriiato  quinquies  du- 
plicato  ordine  linearum  pun^to  vel  crenato.  Sen- 
LA  Tab.  XI.  Bourgvet  Tr.  des  fetrif.  Tab.Lll. 
342.  B  A I E  R  Of .  A^.  T.  III.  f.  3f  ♦  M  E  L  L  E  dc 
Ecb.  Wagr.  f.  7.  &  8-  Kundmann  R.  R  &  A. 
Tab.  V.  N:o  8- 

{ji")  EcBimT IB.  fcutati.    Scuta^    Ecbinantbi. 

'Forma  funt  irregulari  per  finus  angulofa  vel  OTata, 
Icutum  prona  rcfcrentes ,  in  parte  convexa »  quafi  flo» 
re  quinqnepetalo  ornati,  Scilla  V.  Sper.  Tab-  V^ 
N:o  5. 

(e)  EcHiNiTiE  difioidei.    PiACENTiE.    Laganum. 

Sui)t  orbiculares  forma  depreffa  difci  ,  cujus  drcum- 
^renua  aliquando  lacunis  praediu,  fuperficies  &fo- 
ramipibus '  duobus   rel  pluribus   interduoi    donaca. 

-  Bourgvet  Tr.  des  fetrif.  Tab^  LX  N;o  334.  ^35. 
Tab.  UU.  N:o  349. 

(f)  EcmNiTiB  reifdati.    Rotula.     Meliia. 

Stint  fotma  orbiciiliari.d^refll^^d 'circupferentiaio  di- 
midiam  plus  bihus  dentati ,  fuperficie  flore  quin- 
qu<^cealo  ordad..  Raro  petr^ficad  occurriinc.  Klein 
Nai.  Di/p.  Ecbifu  Tab.  Xm 

(g)  EcHiNiT^  Jp€Utg0ideL  CoMD A  MARINA.  Ecbim- 
iackmiculareshv^Ji*  EcbimtmnaiijormesLAifGU. 

Suae 


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Google 


*>«  C  O  )  i-Cf  $09 

Sunt  forma  oMli  ab  ufta  extrcnacate  latiores-,  ^uam 

^   ab  altera  ^  dorfamodicc  elevaco^  infigni  lacuna  orie* 

dtci  unde  cordata  videncur  fiide.  Ac.  Scilla  tK^ir, 

\$)?^r.  Tab.  XL  f.  i.    Scheuchzek  Or.  Helv.  f. 

135.      L  A  N  G  I  I  K  Lap.  Fig.  Tab.  3f.  f,  i.  6, 

*   LuiDii  Ucb.  Bm.  N:o  988.    Bourguet  Tf.  ^ex 

P^m/.  Tab.  L.  N:o  329.  330.  330.  333.    Baier 

Or.  M  Tab.  3.  f.  41^  42*;4>    Melle  dc  Lap.  Fig^ 

Liibec  Tab.  If.  fig.  4.    Kundmann  R.  Nai.if  A 

'  tab.  V.  N:o  6. 

(h)  EcHiNiT-*    Brijptm^    Ova  marina. 

Forma  Tunc  ovali?  dorfo  maxitne  elevaco  integro  abs* 
que  lacum's ,  fuperficie  vera  in  vertice  omatt  pun* 
«ata&  crcnata  Baier  Or.  M  Tab.  3.  fig.  55.  4^. 
SCHEUCH35ER  Or.  Helv.  f.  3^.  BouRGUBT  Xft  Jes 
Pemf.  Tab,  LI  f.  331,  ^% 

CO  EcHiNiTJt  gltdndares. 

Elites  marmoreus\  efnbryonihns  fiocis  cryftaJBnis^  n0- 
tri  byodontis.  v.  Linn6  179. 

Hue  pertinent  globuH  Jpatbacei  AiQtx  &  cakarei  ^  ouos 

prius  defcripjumus ,  lom,  1.  fed  ,  an  omnes ?   dice* 

■    cere  non  poflfumus.  cfr.  ABa  Stockb.  An^  i??**  p# 

i)>/  I.  Specialiter  dc  echinitts  conlVili  polfuat  Brethii 
fcbedUsmd  de  ifbinU  if  tchimtis  ad  fintm  Dijjfl  de  Polytbalaf' 
miit.  }aq.  k  Melle  de  ecbinitis  Wahids  \  JnprbQii  ve- 
ro.  Jac»  Theod.  Klein  11  Nat,  Dijp-f^  EcbinQdermatum ^ 
««*  ubi  &  omnium  varietatum  dcfcriptanim  figurae  confplcl 
poflUnt  czadt^deUoeataB. 

(M^  2*  Antiquiorum  nonnullorum  oonjcAuras  de  horum  la- 
,  pidum  origioe  dudum  Aiut  refiitat*.  Eosdcm  ab  angmbus 
j;encraCos  cRiftlmavit  Pllkius  undc  ova  anguina  funt  vo- 
cata )  quam  in  fententiam  ad  partem  tranfiit  quoque  Wor- 
Mi^s.  Pro  Bufonitis  habuit  £nc£Lius  dc  re  metiiip.  ±21. 
unde  Buf4mta  4YiQt  appellati*  Alti  ut  lapidea  umtmalis  vt  1 
cum  imbribus  cadentes  bos  lapldcs  coniiderarunt  ^  undc 
Brontia  vd  Ombtia  Ainc  vocttl/  quibus  aflenfum  pnibuit 
^     -     .  Rump- 


Digitized  by 


Google 


RtrWFFiTTS  In  Ami^  K.  Gim/  Aks.  Bobt.  I  Boo*  de 
Oemm.  &  Lap.  Eoidea  coiifideraTit,  ut  operimeata  teftudi^ 
nis  aquaticit  in  Upidcm  cohverfa»  Hodierno  die  nulla  cA 
dubiutio  de  hotvm  Up idum  ofigine  ab  tchims  mariw  li- 
cct  nondum  originalia  ad  omncs  varietates  adhiic  fiat  re* 
f>erta ,  atque  poiiua  ut  afo^rapbi  fuam  vere  petrificaci  fine 
epQ^erandi* 

•    -  .Spec*  fij. 

EcbinodermoMnfragmenia, 
Sckttlla. 
Sucth.  Stycken  af  EcHiNiTSKAMU   WXrt> 

S  T  S  N  A  It 

GaH.  EcussohsouMammillon*  d'Oorsins  mxt' 

Germ.  SEEAPFfit- SqHiLTLMN*    Wa»tzinstbin«^ 

Sunt  lapilli  minorcs  plani ,  ^umquviguiares,  he«n^ 

Silarcs  vel  orbiculares  leparati  aut  ad  invictfm  conjun- 
I,  aflulas  feu  fcutella  ohm  conflituentes ,  quibus  tcft» 
echinorum  coropofiwe ,  in  quibus  &  fipe  emincatia  pa- 
pillaris apparet. 

(a;  AssuLA  quin^angulares.    Verbuc*.  ScuteUa  tt- 

rehrata.  Luidii. 
Sunt  forma  pentagona  ,  latcribus  in«qualibu9»  iapar- 
te  convcxa  gtanulari  facie  >  in  cbhcvn  uxAco  fe- 
re in  medio  tcrebrats  foraminulo.  LuiDii  Icb, 
JJtb.  Br.  Tab,  iX  .  Daviia  CataU  Tom.  UL  p. 
l8^  - 

(b)  AssutiE  kexnngulares.  Assut£»  ScutdJM  btxa" 
gonx.  I 

Sunt  forma  regurafiter  hcxagona  >  marginc  plus  oiao 
crcnato.  A.  ScitLA  Van,  Spec,  Tab.  XXU.f.  ii£. 
Davila  /.  t' 

(c)  AssutA  mamiUares.    Acetabvca  ecbxhorum. 
EmtumU  tafUkres  lapiJei, 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


^  (  c  )  Kl  5U 

tciaelU  orUcidaf^s. 

LapiJes  padt0gom  BrUckkJannX*' 

Sunt  zffuix  pentagons )  hexagons  ^  vel  orbi^ulares  ^^ 
plu»  minus  regulares  ,  in  quibus  eminencia  papilla* 
ris  cava  apparet ,  cui  olim  echinorum  aculei  a^fixi 
•  fucrunt.  A.  Scitt  a  K  Spec.  Tab.  VllL  f.  IV, 
8c  Tab.  XXlll.  f.  11 L  BaIer  or.  Nor.  Tab.  3, 
M'  39*  40*  5  c  H  E  u  c  H  z  e;£  Or,  Heh  f.  ijg* 
BauRGVET  Tr.  dts  Peirif.  lab.  LIIL  N:o  ]^l. 
3«*  JSRQcrMANK  Tbif.Sukt.  D.Bfumw.Tak^ 
2^  /  ai 

36.  ECHINORUM  ojjtcula  hpidea.     Ossa  iapIoia 

ECHINORUM*  Spec*   flS* 

*SuCth.   EcAlNttlSKA'STtWWANDLAftE  BEi*. 

Gall.  OssELETS  d'Oursins. 

derm.  VER^TElKis&tE  KiiocHEK  t/KD  ZIhns  VOM 

ECHINITEK. 

Sunt  lapides  minores  frguta  maxitne  diverfa*,  qi^ 
x^C^munxcct  pro  ofHbus  vel  dentibus  echinotuni  haberi 
Toleat »  (£pe  falrcm  Cum  iisdefn  m^xime  convenimitv 

Ci)   OSSA   LAPIDEA    ECHINORUM  , /flr*Wx /ori5M. 

Falcem^  feu  podus  dentem  aratri  fug  figura  reprsfed- 
tant.  BoUkttvEt  /ff.  ^is  Pet f if.  Tab.  LIll.  f.  35^^ 
Klein  Dijp.  Ecbim^d.  T^b.  XX5C1.  lit.  g. 

(b)  0$SA  tAPiDEA vEchinohum /onwa  v^£?//. 

Similia  vedi  ferreo  ,  qui  ab  unguis  Tacciniy  nomea 
habet.  Bourg^vet  1.  c.  N:o  356*  3f7.  Kisin  1. 
C  Tab.  XXXI-  lit.  k. 

CO  0*5A  LAfiDEA  tCHiNORUiii  foYma  tfahioda. 
Minimarum  trabeculirum  fn  ^xt^^m'tatt  indfaram  fi^i 
gura  gaifttent.    Kiein  1.  c.  lit.  h. 

(d)  OssA  LAPIDEA  ECHiNokt/M  ferfM  Jifiiis  iupli^ 

€ati.     BtDANtULA 

SCHfiVCtt« 

t 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


S c H B u CHS  1 R  Or  Helv.  f,  x/u.    Ktim  L  c  Tab* 
XXX1U»  lit.  k.  LuiDii  Lith,  Brit.  N:a  lOgg- 

OV^  BovnauET  L  c*  Scu£Ucaz£R  L  e.  nee  non  Walcb 
in  St.  R.  Tab«  V.  N:o  3.  Sub  lit.  c.  d.  plures  alias  fi^ 
ftunt  ex  officulit  lapideis  echinorum  varietates  delinea* 
tas,  a  quibos  pluriim  Tidentur  maxime irr ccularca;  fixi- 
iUmaverim  nondum  picne  cOedeciftim,  an  non  nonnuUa 
ab  iisdem  poduf  ad  evrallofun^itas  »fint  referenda  ,  quam 
ad  oiHcula .  echinorum. 

37.  ECHINORUM  mAV /api A/.!  Ramou.  Spec,  519. 

AcicuUe  lafidea. 

Bibyncolitbi* 

Lapides  ^udaici  cylindrpides. 

Sucrii«  JudxnXhlar.     SxEi^KmLAJi.     AflXnga  ]w^ 

DESTENAR. 

V  GalU  Points  ou  Pards  d'Herissons  fossiles. 
Germ.  Judennadeln.    Stachelstein. 

Sunclapidcs  mioofcs  dletcrminaca  fi^ra  cbntca,  cy- 
^ndrica  vel  fuiiformiV  in  una  extremita^e  maoubrie  vel 
capite  pra^diti  feu  piftillo  quo  ecbinins  olim  adfixi  fuo« 
runt,  fuperficie  Isvi  auc  ftriatai  ilriis  jam  grauulads, 
jkm  echinatis. 

(a^  RAipioLi  rowr/.    Acicyt^^    Conuli. 

Sunt  aculci  forma  oblpnga  conica  ^  in  acuram  extre- 
mitatem  fe  terminantes  :  fuperficie  Isvi  ^  firiata  vel 
cchinata.  A.  Scilla  v.  Sptc.Tab;Vh  f^^^l^xjx^ 
GVET  Tr.  des  Petrify  Tab,  LIV,  f.  373. 

Cb)  KhDioLi  cylindfici.    Sudbs     Palu 

Sunt  aculei  majores  ,  figura  fere  cylindrica  ^    ad  fuaiii 

extcemiutem  obtuH  quafi  abfaffi  »  fuperficie  bm» 

BowRGVET  Tab.  ^.IV,  ,N:o  357. 
(c)  Radioli  clavicolares.    Clavicucjb. 
Sunt  aculei  minus  dongatj>  dadyliformcs  yel  fufifor* 

mes  I  ab  utraque  extremitate  obtufi  &  minon  eras- 

iiticB 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


fitfc;  fupcrficic  lavi,  ftriata  vcl  cchinata.  fiouRf 
GUET  Tab.  LIV.  f.  368-  Langii  Jdift.  Lap.  Fig. 
Tab-  XXX VU  f  3.4.  S c he u^c h 2 e &  On  Hf/v. 
f-  J  37*  138-  139*  143* 

'3t8.  ECHINORUM  clavicul^  lapideai  Lapides  judait 
CI  Spec  V^o« 

Techolithi. 

PHOENlClTiE. 

Ghndaria  vcl  Cucumetinit. 

BdmimbolUbus  obovatus  cremdato  ftriMusJuip$tiolatuf. 
V.  LiNNd  16?.  9. 

Sitech.  JuDESTSNAR.    Olivestenar* 
'Gall.  Pibrres   judaiques*        Ouvbs    PSTRin^BS# 

CONBOMBRES   PETRIFI^ES. 
Gcrqi.  JUDENSTEINE*     OlIVENSTEINE* 

$ant  lapides  miiioroi  forma  fere  ovali  ,  $Uva  auC 
f^andims  vel  minorum  cucumtruin^  plerumque  niaiiubrio 
leu  petiolo  ia  unia  prasditi  extremitate  ,  aliquaado  autcoi 
iUbglobofi  ab  utraque  excremicate  quafi  truacad, 

(a)  Lapides  judaici  laves^ 

Sunt  quidem  ]firiati  fed  ftriis  fimplicibus   l«?io£iblil. 
BouRGVET  Tr.  des  Pesrif.  Tab.  liV.  f.  364^ 

Cb)  Lapides  judaici  ftriati. 

Striis  gj:anulatis  pra^diti.   Bourguet  K  c.  Tab.  LIV. 

f.  363.  371.      SCHEUCHZER    Of.  Hclv^  f.    I40.    141^ 

141. 
<c)  Lapides  judaici  tulerculofi. 
Striis  Qodofis  vel  ferratis  aut  echinatis  prsditi.  BouV 

GUET  1.  C.  {.  362.  370.  SCHEUCHZER  I  C   137. 

*  Whjl  An  hi  lapides  rcipfa  ad  fpinas  cchinorum  pctriiicatas  rc- 

fcrcndi,  plurimi  dubitant ;  quos  inter  Nob.  v*  Linn^,  (tccas 

•  fibi  ignouiu  cffcfpccicm  echini  hujusmodifpiais  riaeditam. 
9om.  IL  K  1(  Ma- 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


5M  t>t(o)>4 

lAtziiiia  &  attefitlbxie  dinun  Quod  hi  lapldes  ranquam  oom 

Jpatbofd  fint  Indok ,  guaii$  vere  petrificatis  competed  vik 

Eotsll,  ftltem  rariflSme  coupcdt.     Hanc  ob  caufTamiios 
ipidea  a  radioiis  echinorum  feparavimua. 

De  Ua  Upi4itus  judaicis  ijpeciatim  fcripfenint  MfCH.  Ax* 
BB&Ti   in  Difp,  de  Lap.  judaicis.    G«  D.  CoschwxtZ  da 
'|i^»  jmUkis.  V.  Chr.  Wagkkr  dc  Lap.judaicii. 

Cz)  CONCHYUO  TYPOLITHI.     TYf>ouTtn  coiir 
CRYLioRUM*    Apogtapba  concbyUonm. 

Suctlu  IstEKAS.  AFTRVCKTK  CONCKTIIEl.  S&XRStt* 
f     NAR   AF   CONCUYLIER. 

Gall.  GoNCHfLiottPoLiTHES.  TrpoLiTitES  ot;  En- 

PREIKTES   D£   CoqUlLLES. 

Germ.  AbdrQcke  von  Conch yusk,    SpursteiKb 

VON   CONCHYLISN. 

Sunt  lapidcs  diverfi,  cretacei^calcatei^  arenaiei^ar- 

g'Uaceiy  yrc\/cbiftofi^2liq\i^nd6&ifiUceif  in  quibus  iconcs 
veftigia  conchyliorm  ,  ex  aife  cum  procoty^  ,  ad^  eac- 
tdnfccam  figuram  &  fymmetriam ,  conTenicndareperiua*^ 
tor  imprefia  ,  ^prum  vcro  corpus  teftaccum  deftrudumt' 
unde  &  base  veftigia  forma  vix  nifi  concava  appirent« 

(M|/I  I.  Apud  lithograp&os  tipolithi  concbyliorum  a  coi^y^ 

;   liia  petrefaftii  ftiffieiencet  son  flint  diftinAl*    Receotiorcg 

nonnullihai^cquidemobfervarDnt  diffetentiam,  ita  taxncQ 

ut  hos  typolithos  &  ipfa  petrificata^  fUb  una  eademquc  de  . 

fcriptione,  &(\ib  uno  e6demque  dtulo  comprcbcndnletY 

,  ex  CO  I  ni  fallor,  fondamento,  quod  ilsdemih  lodsle  Ua- 

dem  in  laptdibu^  fspel  inxx^  reperiantur.     fixempla  hor 

nun  typolithorum  icgi  pojQTunC  in  £pA.  N  CDgc.  L  ann.  3. 

obr.7o.&  Dec.  ITL  ann.  lo.  Obf.  201.  plura  apudDAviLAic 

inCatd.Tm,  JU.   Ne^ri  eft  propofiti  eoadcm  bqevlter  lb- 

lum  enumerare  typolithos  concbyliorum^  quoa  alii  oMbpi 

*    varunt,  vel  a  nbbia  ftjnt  obrcrvad;  cum  tempore  fi  phto 

rea  detegi  poflint ,  his  facile  add!  pc^unt. 

.0if.  a«  DurJori  eorpori  lapideout  nulla  fieri*  poMI  Impqfi- 
fio  a  corpore  molliori ,  fragiliori  &  levi  or! ,  evidenter.  nQpa 
pWt,  i9sdefli  laptdca  in  ^uafuis  vc(Uc  ia  Imu^a  wftaromlqi* 

pwSr 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


ptcSi  IniretauDlOA ,  olim  laoUes  ac  f^e  duidot  fuifte ,  cum 
teiiipdre  vero  deinde>  tetenU  figura,  induruiffe. 

9hJ'.  3.  Ab  antecedentibus  ut  patet  differentia, conchyliorum, 
qua  ia  univalvia,  bivralvia  &muitivalvia  diiunguuatur  ^ 
non  opus  itaque  ut  prhis  diAa  hie  re'petamus. 

g^^  TYFOLITHI  PATELLARUM,        Spec.  541; 

Suech*  AfTRYCHNINGAR   ab  PtJTtLlTE»» 

Gall.   Em^keintes  oe  Lepas. 

•  Germ.  ABDtacKE  von  Patelliten. 

Hujusmodi  apographa  obfcrvavit  D  a  V 1 1  Ji  Ca^.  TV 
HI.  />.  53- 

40.  TYPOLITHI  CANALIUM,  %«,  52^. 
Sutth.  Aftrycknincar  af  CanalitbEv 

Gall.  Emfreintes  de  TubulitjiS. 
Germ.  AbdrQcke  von  Tubuhten^ 

Mefitionem  yarietatis  cujusdani ,  ab  hac  focdci  fee. 
licet  ^ntakn  facit  Daviia  I.  c.  p.  *i.  f    ">   ** 

41.  TYPOLITHI  ORTHOCERATITAftUM. 

5ueth.  Aftryck  af  Orthoceratiter. 
G*"*  Empreintes  d*  Orthoceratites.     ' 
Germ.  AbdrUcke  vow  ORtttocERATixiEN. 
-   ^Rcperiqntur  in  lap ide  calcarco  gothlandfco ,  eriani 
in  Oelandia  &  alibi ,  tam  intc^ra  qnam  Frada  ,  cum  inci- 
fiiris  plus  minus  profundis  ab  articMlationibus  vel  annul^ 
r«uais. 

42.  TYPOLITHI  AMMONITARUM.     Spec.  5A|> 

Sj^h.  AFTRtCKNINGAR    AP  AmMONITEX,. 

Gall.  Empreintes  de  Cornes  b  Ammo*. 
Germ.  AbdrDckb  von  AmmonSHorn. 

.      .Sunt  frequenriorcs  non  tahtuw  irt  Gbthfindia  ,  fci 

*  altb,,  piurcs  quoquc  rcccrifct  DaywaI  Ck  ^polithoi 

l^ka  43.  Tt* 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


43i  TVPOUTHI  COCHLEARUM.       Spec.  $2$. 
Soeth.  Aftryckkxngai  af  Cochhter, 

.Gall.   EWPREINTES   DE  LlMA<^ONS 

Germ.  AiDRJicKE  von  Cochlitbn, 
Rcpcriuhtur  in  Ootblandia ,  &  alibi  tam  in  argilU, 
vpiam  iii  lapidc  calcareo.  Bromell  in  Litbogr.  Suec. 

44;  TYPOLITHI  BUCGINORUM,        Spec.  526. 

Sueth.  APTaYCKNINGAR   AF  BUCCINITER. 

Gall.  Empreintes  de  Buccins. 
Germ.  AbdrUcke  von  Bucciniten. 

45.  TYPOLITHI  STROMBORUM.       Spec.  5a7» 

'    Sueth.  Aftrvjckningar  af  Strombiter. 
Gall.  Empreintes  de  Vis. 

GenXt*  ABDRiiCKE  VON   SxROMBltEN. 

46.  TYPOLITHI  TURBINORUM.        Spec.  588* 

Sueth.  Aftryckningar  af  TtniBiNiTiR.  ^ 
Gall.  Empreintes  db  Turbinites.       _ 
Germ.  ABORlicKE  von  Turbiniten. 

'  Reperiuntur  Scania  in  BaUherg  ;  corum  8c  mentio- 
nem  fecit  Davila  in  Cat.  T.  lU.  pluribus  lods. 

47.  TYPOLITHI  OSTREARUM.  Spec.  5«9. 
Secth.  Aftryckningar  eller SpIrstbnar.  a» 

Ostraciter. 
Gall.  Ehpheintes  d'Huit^es. 
Germ.  AbdrQcke  von  Ostraciten- 

Daviia  horum  mentioncm  facit;  reperiuntur  ctiam 
•libi  a  diverfis  oftrearum  varietatibus  prius  dcfaiptis. 

41.  TYPOLITHI  ANOMIARUM.  Spec.  530. 

Suetb*  Aftrycxciingar  ap  Amomixer.  , 

.       ■  Gall. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Gall.  Em^mihtes  d'Anomites^ 
Germ.  AbdrUcke  von  Anomitem. 
Inter  varictatcs  anomiarum ,  typolith!  ab  oJlreofeOu 
mtis  funt  frcqucariorcs. 

49.  TYPOLYTHI  CHAMARUM.  Spec.  53^ 
Sucth.  Aftryckningar  af  Cuamxtih* 

Gaila  Empreintes  de  Chames. 
Germ,  ArdrQcke  vqn  Chamiten. 

50.  TYPOLITHl  MUSCULORUM.       Spec.  53*. 
Suc?h,  Aftryckningar  af  Muscvliter. 

Gail.  Empreintes  DE  Moules. 
Germ*  Abdrucke  von  MuscutitEN* 

J  J.  TYPOLITHl  PINNARUM.  Spec  533. 

Sucth,  Aftryckningar  af  Pinniter. 
Gall.  Empreintes  de  Pinnites. 
Cerm.  AbdrUcke  von  Pinniten* 

ja.  TYPOLITHl  SOLENORUM.  Spec.  ^34. 

Sucth.  Aftryckningar  af  Solenitek. 
Gall.  Empreintes  de  Manches  de  Coutbav. 
Gerra.  AbdriScke  von  Solenitbn. 

f3.  TYPOLITHl  BUCARDIORUm!      Spec,  fjf- 
Sucth.  Aftryckningar  af  Bucarditbr. 
Gall.  Empreintes  de  Cardites. 
Germ.  AbdrUcke  von  Bucarditbn, 

54.  TYPOLITHl  PECTINUM,  Spec.   ^^6. 

Sueth.  Aftryckningar  ei^ler  SpXestsnar  av  ?£<> 

tikiter.  *  ' 

Galh  Empreintes  be  Peignes. 
Germ.  AbdrQcke  von  Pbctinitin* 
Sunt  frcquentiorcs  tarn  I  peBinihs^  quam  1  peffum 
€uUs. 

Kk  3  f f,  TY^ 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


flit  ^  f  o  )  «l 

^5.  TYPOLITHI  PHOLADUM.  Spec.  ^37. 

Suctbu   AFTRVCKNINGAlt    AF   PHOtADITER^ 

Gall.  Emprfintes  de  Pholadites. 
Germ*  ABDKiicKE  VON  Pholaditen^ 
Hfitufn  mcntioQcm  facit  Bertrand  ra  Diff^  On 

56.  TYPOLITHI  ECmMQRlJNt  Spec.  53$, 

Suech.  Aftrycxningar  af  Echinitie^ 
Gall.  Empreintes  d'Ovrsins. 
Germ.  AsdrQcke  von  Eciiinit£>4. 

Hi  Tuat  duplicet  obfcriratL 
(a')  Typolith^  ECHWO^ifU  Juperficiakf^ 
^xpfus  occurrunc ,  cciam  in  ipfo  filice  igniario  jM^ 

cchinprum  iuper^daliter  Ifnprcff^, 

(b)  TvpouTHi  ECHii^oRUM  cavi  iiUrin/w. 

Sunt  lapides  calcarci,  vel  (ilicci.  Qui  diffradi)  eayiGH 
tern  iiicrinfecam  ab  echinis  oKm  ladaoi  oiteudune. 

f  7.  TYPOLITHI  ASSUI.ARUM.  Spec.  539; 

Sueth.  Aftryckningar  af  EchinitwXrtqr. 
GalU  Empreintes    b'  Ecussoks  ou    Mamillqns 

d'OursiKs. 
Germ.  Abd&Ucke  von  wartzen  der  EcHiNXTJiit. 

ifg.  TYPOLITHI  RADIORUM  ECHINI,  Sp,  540. 

Sueth.  Aftryckningar  af  Echinittaggar  eller 

JUDEKJHLAR. 

^all,  EiiFEfWTES  p£  Points  ou  Parbs  p*Hsmif' 

SONS* 

Cjcm   AbdrQcke    VON  Seeigelstach^in  (^   QDEk 

|9.  TYPOLITHI  LAPIDIS  JUEfAIQ,    Spc<?.  f 41. 

Suetl^*  A?trt<:knu^ar  af  Tubestenar. 

^  GaH- 


Digitized  by 


Google 


,     €MU  Empretntbs  D^  PnttRE9  JuDA1^I9«    ' 
Germ.  AbdrUckb  von  Jui^skstcihsn. 

5.  CONCHYLIORUM  >fUCLEt 

PetrefgSa  Jpoliata  i.uiDX)» 
MefroiypoUthu 

Sucth.    CoKCKrimA   $T£K7Ti|:KXKOAR.      MODIII* 

STENAR. 
Gall-  NoVAUX  DB  C0Q;UILLE5. 

Germ,  Steiukerne  von  Cokchtiun*       G)NeHr«' 

tiSCHE  StBINKERNE^ 

Sunt  hpidcs^firgHIacei^  calcarei  vc\  fpaibofi^  fepc 
8c  filicei  ^  qqi  in  cavitacibus  conchy Korufti ,  a  materia  niol- 
liori  fe  inHnuante  font  formati !  qui  ideoquc  extrinfece 
forroam  &  figuram  interiorcm  teftas  gerunt  s  tcfta  vero 
plerumque  aut  integre  aut  ad  partem  deftruSa  »  intrinJ$€M 
T^ro  firudura  funt  diflformi,  Mpius  licet  cryftallis  fpaibo^ 
Jis  compofiti# 

Obfi>  In  fenere  circa  fmJeos  ia  c^nclyJiif  mhtdwhus^  ttxxcocb^ 
lets  g^neratos  id  tcDcndum  y.  miod  Q>irii  gaudcant  non  con* 
tiguis,  Ted  reparatis&hincilline^  qus^fi  abruptls,  fuperfi- 
fie  Isvi ,  quibuB  critcriif  a  vcrepetrificatis  di(fangtii  pofiunt. 

«o.  NUCLEI  PATELLARUM.  Spec.  54^1 

Sueth.  StbHfyllningar  i  Patw^ iTiHt     PATSttl- 

TISKE  MODELSTEHAR, 
Gall-   NOYAUX  DE  Le?A$^ 

Germ.  Patellitische  Stejkkerkb. 
Horum  mendonem  fade  Da vu^a  1/  o  p^  f 3« 

<i.  NUCLtl  CANAUUM-  Spec.  f45- 

Sueth«  CaKALITISX^  STEKFrLLNIKGAt  flLEHMOP^Z** 

STBKAR. 
Gall^   NOTAUX  DB  TUTAUX   DE   MSB, 

Genot  Cakalitischb  st^^urkb* 

Kk  4  Ho- 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Hujusmodt  ouclei  (uat  rcpcrti  noa  iblaiii  tamfUwM 
fed  &  denuHum.  cfr.  Davila  L  c.vp.  5^g.  6o- 

62.  NUCLEI  VERMICULORUM  MARINORUM. 

Spec.  544. 

SuCth.   STENfYLtNIKGAR  1  V£RMICUL1T&R« 

GalJi.*NorAUX  di  vermiculaIres* 
Germ.  VERMicuuTiscHfi  steinkerhs. 

.    ^  J 

63.  NUCLEI  ORTHOCERATITARUM.     Jacula 

lapidea.  '  Spec.  545. 

Kuclei  in  ^aviiatil^us  wtbocetaiiiarum  ^  mn  difHnSii 
ibalamis  p  nati.    M.  R*  Spec*  42S. 

hamdes  lunar es  fuecani.  Kuhcku  in  EfikN^  C»  D#^ 
Sueth.  KACxsTfiMSPiLARe 

Gall   PaRDS  DS  FlfiRRJ^ 

Germ.  Kaikst£inpf£ili# 

^unt  lapides  conici  vel  cylindrici  f  eraflitie  pollid' 
plus  minus »  lapidibus  calcarets  in  Oelandia  &  alibi  infixi> 
ad  bafiii  ornati  circulis  vei  integris  quibus  effigies  luna 
plen<e  reprsfentacur  vel  dimidiatiSj  uxnm  inftar  falcate 
mat  crefcentis  >  qui  circuli  vel  (emtcipciili  non  font  fupcr- 
ficialcs  fed  totum  fere  tranfeunt  lapidem,  qui  ideoqae  at 
a  zoni$  concentriciS  conipofitus  viddtut^  i^iqiiando)fpi»# 
adell  qui  lapidem  integre  vel  ac^artem  ut  in  orthocera* 
titis  tranfit ;  nulls  vero  invcniuntiir  concamcratiooes  6L 
tL\x\\i  alvQoh\  , 

(a)  JACUtA  lAPiDEA  circulis  pUnis. 

^Figura  cylindrica,  effigiem  lunai  repraefentms  SBdtfit 

%  37.  lit.  a. 
(W)  jACtJLA  LAPiOEA  ctrcuHs  dimidi€iiis. 
Effigie  luns  fakata?  confpicitur  i%  ^  Hi.  h  cfr 

gie  lui»  aefccat^s  Fig.  37*  lit-  c. 


Digitized  by 


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.  f //  Dubii  fumtjs  quorfum  hos  lapidcs  rcfcramtif.  Sipha  In 
hisjflctt/jx  aliquando  praefcns  anfam  nobis  dcdit  cosdcm  ut 
Duclcos  in  cavitatibus  onhoccratitarum  generato«  confide 
rare,  alveolisdeftruftis^  fed  fatcri  cogimur^  fic  difficultct 
explictfri  ooffc,  quomodo  circuli  concentrici  fint  gencrati> 
^uum  nuclei  ad  intrinfccam  compofitionem  drfFormcs  effe 
folent,  nifi  forfan  eodem  modo  quo  zonae  in  onychc  genc- 

;  rantur,  Inter  bekmnitss  collocari  non  poffUnt,  quum  carcant 
indole  &  ilruftura  bckmnitis  propria.  Ut  ortbocergtiu  nee 
facile  coMfidcraTipoflTunt,  quum  alvcolis&thalamiscareant. 
BtRTRAND in Di6I. Of.  fub  titnlo  alveoles  cxiftimat  hos  la- 
pides  Bd^belmintiolithos  effe  referendos,  ac  ut  ^vermes  niari- 
nos  ex  quadam  fpecie  bolotburkrum  pctrificatos  conliderari ' 
poffc",  fed  &  haec  hypothefis  difficulter  probari  potell. 

Uberina  hunc  lapidem  defcripfcrunt,  Worwius  in  Muf,  p. 
44.  ubi  dicit  venas  circulates  Candidas  nummos  repraefenta* 
re^  Leobold  in  Epijl.  itin,  p.  27.  dieens  in  fuperficic  ho- 
rum  lapidum  poUta  confpici  cornua  qmfi  lon^iufeula  ex  maeu' 
Ur  femilunaribus  compofita  ,  nee  non  Kukckel  1.  0.  cujus 
relatio  umen,  adjnagnam  partem ,  fabulam  redolec. 

f  4,  NUCLEI  AMMONITARUM.  Spec.  J4ff. 

SutA.   AMMOKITISKB  STEKFYLINIKqA^ 
Gall.  NOTAUX   D£  CORKE  p'  AMMON» 

Germ.  Ammonitische  steivkekhe^ 
€5.  NUCLEI  COCHLEARUM.  Spec,  547. 

Sueth^  C0CHLITISK£    STENPYLlNlGAlt.  • 

Gall.   NOYAUX    Dl   UMA5ONS. 

'  Germ.  Cochlitische  steikke&kb. 
66.  NUCLEI  NERITARUM,  9pec.  ^4!. 

Sucth.  Neritiska  stenfyllnikgar* 
Gall.  Koyaux  de  Nerites. 
Germ.  Neri^ische  stei^kerne^ 

67^  NUCLEI  TROCHORUM.  ^pep.  ^4% 

Sqcrib.  Trochiiitiske  stekfyliningar.  , 

Gall.  NOYAVX  DB   CULS    D£  LA^^»        PAVI(.4  /•  A 

<3erm.  Trochuitische  steihx^rki*    . 

Kk  t  «8«NU. 


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68.  NUGLET  BOCCINORUM,  '  Spee.  if», 

Buccinites  litDts  J  fpiris  intef  ft  baud  emni^uis.  Lxsyn: 
Nro^  14. 

Gall.  NOY-AUX  D£  BUCCINS* 

Germ.   BUCJCINITISCHB   STBWKBRKB^ 

4^.  NUCLEI  STROMBORUM,  8p9C^  f  ?«• 

SuCth.   StBOMBITISKE  StBNFTttNIK^Al* 
Gall.  NOYAUX  DB  ST^t)M91TBS. 

Germ.  StJ^qmbitischb  stbinke^kb^ 

70,  NUCLEI  TURBINORUM/  Spec,  fy«. 

Sucth.  Ttrbinitiske  STEKFTUKI¥6A1< 

Gall.  NoifAUX  DE  VIS. 

Gcrip.  TURBINITISHE  8T£|NKfi](B¥» 

7J.  NUCLEI  VOLUTARUM^  %>cc.  55 j, 

Sucth.    VOLUTITISKB  STENFTLMIN^AI,/ 
Gall   NoYAUX   0E  CpBMET«. 

Gcrni.  VoLUTiTiscHE  si^bikisrkb* 
7^,  NUCLEI  MURICUM.  Spec,  Jff 

SuCtj|.  MUR^C1TI9KB  STENBTLIKIKPA^^ 

Gall.  KaYAux  db  CAScy/ES, 
Germ.  MuMciTiS.cHB  stew«ei>«b?. 

yj,  NUCLEI  GLOBOSOilUM,  Sp^c,  f yj* 

Sucth.    GlOBO$HISXE  STENFY^LNWGXf 

Gall  NoYAux  DE  GLQBOS^TBS^    Dj|  yisnsv 
G^m.  GLOBosiTi$.qH£  stbineerke^ 

^4,  NUCLEI  OSTREARUM.  Spec.  5J« 

Sueth.  OSTBACmSKE  stehfyllkikgai/ 

<^all  NaYAvx  d'ostbacites^      Dm  nASTBlxyM  P4« 
Germ*  Osthacitischii  stj;;{mxvrhb^ 


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7f;  NUCLEI  ANOMIARUM.  9^c.  557, 

Sueth.  Anomitisk£  steni yllihgaa^ 
G^IU  NoYAux  d'anomies. 
Germ,  Anomxtische  stbiuksekx. 

y^,  NUCLEI  ANOMIARUM  VENTRICOSARUM. 
DiPHYiTjE*  Spec.  558*^ 

Cmc^arum  md^  ^mmiarum  ventricojarum.    M«  R« 
Spec*  4M. 

Sucth.  DiPHiriTEE 
GaH.  DiPHyiTfes^ 
Germ.  Oiphyitek.    Buk^eksteikx. 

Sdnt  lapides  ad  Aiam  ftrudaram  &  compofi^aem 
poti ,  utriusque  fexus  gemtalia  rc^rsfentantes  9  fcilketf 
ab  lino  latere  geliicaiia  ^xus  fcemiiiini,  ab  altera,  Texiis 
yiriliS)  qu^madmodum  ^  hos  lapides  defcribit  PiiKii^s 
Jn  //•  M.  L.  37.  cap.  10.  nee  non  Wormius  in  Mi(f.  L. 
L  Sed.  H.  cap.  IIL  o.  S4.  atque  Valektini  in  Muf^  Muf^ 
P.  IL  T.  IIL  ^fig*  V.  depioxit*  <n  Scania  k  cjuideQi  T^ 
ritorio  FarsbaraJ  &  aUoi  ipfas  conchas  reperinntur  petrt« 
trjBcats,  qus  vocantur;  An§mia  ventricofa  rofunda^ 
fmkores ,  byfteroliib^s  rejferentes^  In  harum  concharimi 
cavitate  hi  nuclei  funt  formatl 

77.  NUCLEI    OSTREOPECTESriTARUM  VEN* 
TRICOSORUM.  HysTERCLiTHi,     Spec.  559. 

Bucardita,    Agricoi.*^    Aks*  B,  a  9ppDT. 
Hyfiera  tetra.    Scheuchzeri. 
.    Helmintholitbus  amnma  byfteritit^    T.  Linhc^  1^4^  f. 

Sueth    Hysterouther; 

Gall    HrSTEROLITHES. 

Germ.  Hir%TMtpL;TH£if4    V*wjSJt?iv5.    MtZTTpE*^ 
STEms^ 

Sunt  lapides  qui  pudendum  mufiebre  reprsfentant^ 
Kpfffti  19  concha  ^oaua^  qu«  Tocatur,  ofinopeQini^ 

^  tes 


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5^  P^(o)H$ 

jus  mtcriori  ftruftura,  fuis  cum  apophyfibus,  f uam  III 
nuclei  obtinucrunt  figuram.    Rcpcnuntur, 
(a)  HvSTEROHTHt  tlatL 
{Jb")  Hysteholithi  fion  alati ,  feu  fmpKces, 
Scilicet,  prout  gcnerati  fucrint  in  concha  laciimspOB* 
aita  vcl  fimpUci.  cfr.  BrQckman  Tbef.  D.  Brunsvo. 
rah.  I  fig.i^     WoLFART   Hift.  N.  H.  Tab.  01. 
4  *•  3-  i  ^  &  Tab.  XXIV.  &  XXV.  fig,  4.  \. 
Walch.  SmU'R.  Tah,  XVUU  Nro^  i.  a.  a. 

<j%,  NUCLEI  ckAMARUM.    .  Spec  j6o. 

fiuedi*  Chamitiskb  stenftwhihcae, 

GalL   NOYADX  DE  CHAMIT^. 

Ccm.  Chamitische  st^iiikeriibi 

79.  NUCLEI  MUSCULORUM,  Spec,  y6x. 

•     Sueth.  MOSKCLITISHE   STEKFTLLHIHOAR. 
Gall*  NOYAUX  DE   MUSCUHTES. 
GwnU  MoSKUtlTISCHE  STEINKBB.HE. 

80.  NUCLO  PINNARUM.  Spec.  jf». 

fiueth.  PINNJTISKE  STEHFYllMIHOA*. 

Gall.   NoYAUX   DE   PINNITES. 

^m.   PlUHITlSHE  STEIMKfiRMB.  ^ 

Si.  NUCLEI  TELLINARUM.  Spec.  5^. 

Sueth.  TELtrHlTlSKE  stempyllkingar. 

Call.   NoYAUX   DE   TEH.INITES.  , 

<5cnn.  TEI.I.INITIJCHE  STEINKEILRe* 

12.  NUCLEI  BUCARDIORUM.  Spcc^  %6^ 

Suetil«  BUCARDITISRB  STEKPTItKIMFAR* 
Gall*  NoYAUX   UE  EUCARDITES*     * 

Cfenn.  Bvcailditisgub  st£imk£KKS% 

la-NU. 


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t5.  NUCLEI  PECTINUM.  Spec  ^  65. 

Soetik    PecTINITISKE   ST£KFrUKIHCA.R. 
<3all.   NOYAVX   DB  P£CTIKIT£S. 

^enn*  P£ctikitish£  STfiiNKfi&K£# 
J4.  NUCLEI  ECHINORUM.  Spec.  ^66. 

SuCth.  ECHINITISKE  STEKFYLLHIKOAk. 

'    Call.  NoYAux  d'oursiws. 
<Jerm.  Echikxtische  st£IMK£Ilks« 

Sont  lapidcs  In  cavitadbus  tefhe  echinoram  generati, 
qt^cs  plurimi  ^  xfui  Inter  eehinic^  petfificatos  coonume- 
rari  folent,  cxiftunr.  Plerumqae  hi  fUturis^  linm^  &  ra* 
diis  carent^.  nifi  aliquaado  impre{G8>  dc  c«)tcto  ^  ciioi 
cchinitis  <:onvcniunt» 

Ca)  NucLsx  ECHiKoauM  lavu. 

Sunt  non  firiad*.        ^ 

-    <b)  Nuclei  echikob-um- j?ri^.  Lapides  kuces  mo- 

SCHATAS  REFEKEl^TES^ 

Sunt  lapides,  colore  fufco,  ftriati,  nuci  mojcbata 

ex  afle  uiniles,  eaquc  plerumque  facie,  quad  ab  i/no 

latere  qiiidpiam  elict  aerafum.    A  plurimis  pro  lufa, 

vatura  habemur,  fed  figura  conftans  &  ^qualitas 

^horum  lapidura  cxtrinfcca  cum  interioti  fade  echino- 

rum,  inculcat  eosdem  ut  nudeos  echinorum  ciTe  com* 

flderandos.    Frequ^ntes  ia  Gotblandia^ 

Wif.  Lapides  qui  pro  nuce  mofihata  petrificata  habentor  •  U<* 

tbographis  funt  triplices;  a/u  ftquidem  plurimi  huejperti- 

nent,  qurmadmodum  &  iadicavimus  in  Ohf^  2:da  ad  Jpeciem 

43 3«    NonnuUi  videntur  eflfe  nuclei  concha  bhahit  aquiUit' 

tilis:  4/ii.poffo  nil  nifi  filices  cafU  ita  format! ,  qui  ide«« 

que  ad  fyuratos  pertinent  lapides. 

4.  CONCHYLIA  MINtRAUSATA, 

Suetb.  Mj^^ERALISERADE  COKCHTLISa* 
Gall.   CpqUilLES"  MIHSRALIS^ES; 

Cerm*  Mxm£i^alisirt£  co^Ci)iLiEtf« 

Sunt 


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S|mt  (i6nch3iia  y  ut  plurimutn  vcro  conindcm  hacldt 
qui  atit  falioa  quadain  materia ,  aut  vapore  fulphureo  & 
metaUicO)  pcnectad  tcI  &  terra  quadam  metaAica  ^raeci- 
pitau  fuat  imf^^sgoati)  atiquaiido  aufta  quadam  mineta- 
tt  quafi  miacralifad  esdftmit^ 

Ohp  Miners  ^metalla  In  tegniD  tfoinerali  ut  priiicipaleinob^ 
tinent  locum »  concbylia  it^que  minenliAta ,  nbn  in  rerpe- 
Au  ad  eoDchyliorum  claffificatiooem  f  fed  ad  mineralia  & 
neCalUcai ,  quai  cohtioeat  partidulai  fubditidcrc  debemus. 

15.  CONCHYLlA  MtNERAHSATA  Mlumm'^fi, 

CoKCllYEIA  ALUMIKOSA.  SpCC*  ^6T* 

Smth.  AiuKHAtrirtGE  coNcHirLisiiu 

Gall.    COQUILLES  ALUMIH£US£S. 
GerVU  ALAUhUALTlCfi  COlvCUTLISli- 

Sunt  conchy lia  vel  eorundcm  nuclei  in  (cifto  alo^ 
minari  aliquando  praefentes  qui  alumine  parucipant.  JV- 
Sinita  aluminofi  reperiuntur  ad  Andrarym  in  ocania.  A- 
libi  forfan  alia  occurruoc  conchylia^  ^oae  tamca  XDibi 
^nou* 

g6,    CONCHYLiA    MINJSRAUSATA     pyriHcofa, 
CoMcuvLiA  PYaiTicosAi  Spec.  ^6%. 

Parties  conri>3loides. 
tetrefaEta  pyriHcofy.    G&ohstidt  jgy* 

SuedU     KlESHALTIOS     GOHCHTLXEftt         KlSSWAMBLUI* 

GARi 
GaiL  COQUILLBS  PTRITEUSVS* 

Cerm.  Kieshaltige  comchtli£K» 

Sunt  concbyliit  vel  eorundem  nuclei «  vajiore  fuljAtt- 
red  &  metallico^  feu  materia  pyriticofa  impraegnati »  qii 
^  frequendorcs  cxiftunt^ 

(a)  CoHCHYLiA  PYRiTicoSA  nauHlorton. 

Repeciuatut  ib  L9tkmngi(i$  Q0fli0  >  JngUik 


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(b!)  COKCHTLiA  FTKii:icos4  ommomtofum.    CiOLtA 

SAMM0MiT£8,    Drdcornia^  .  .^ 

Stustgard  in  Germanid,    c&h  Ritstivs  in  Bpb^  M  C^ 
Dec.  Uh  an.  VL  p.  igf  •    Mtlius  in  Memar.  Sax. 
Subt.  P.  U,  p,  ^4.  ^c.      H^KKEL  in  Kits  iiifi^ 
iyf-  ^v^    LaUqii  Hifi,  Lap^  p.  109,  iii,  157^ 

(O  CONCttTtlA  PYRITICOSA  tOtbhWUi^. 

Cfr«  HsMksL  I  t.  $cakW€H2£ii  On  Jklv^j^ 

(<l)  GoMCHrtiA  ?r&iTicosA  trocbBrtm, 
GaBa,  cfrjOAViLA  C^  T.  Ill  p.  95. 

(c)  CoNCHtLiA  FTRi'i^icosA  huccinotum. 

Anglia.  eft.  LxsT£&    Gtrmania  cit.  Lak6iWS  i£/ti 

ir^ap.  L  c. 

(f)  CoNCHTEiA  prtiiticoSA  twhinoruln. 

An0ia.  cfr.  L^ster^   Hehfifid,  Langius  Hijl.  hap^ 
Fig.  /•  r.    Hekkel  L  c»      Davila  Gi^  T^  XU^  j^« 

(g)  CoHCHYLiA  pYRiTicosA  oftreurum. 

1^)  CowCHTLiA  FYRiTicoSA  Mnoimarmi. 
Gallia.     Davila  I.  c>  p^  13%.    Lakgxi  H.  Ltp^ 

CO  CoKCHYtiA*  tYRiTicosA  tbimAnM^ 
Jngliacft.  Heki^el  1,  c^  Davila  U  e.  p*  153, 

(k>  CoNCHTUA  PY&iTicoitA  nhdcul(»rum.     BAiKii 

Or.  Nor.  p.  74*    BrOckman  jEpafyf.  mn*  64^  5^ 
CO  G>ifCilYtiA  PYRiTicosA  teilinaruni: 
Gailia.    Davila  I  c,  p«  163.    SchevcRzer  Oft  !&/#« 

(m)  CoMCHYLiA  PYRiTuosA  husBr4iirH0k 
^    Gafiia,   Dayii^a  Jl  a»  »^  t^i^  ^ 


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f  jf  e>«  c  o  0  ^ 

(n)  CoNCHTtiA  PYRiTicosA  peStfftm, 
JtndrMrvm  in  Scania.     Anpia  cfr.  Lister  Hetvetia^ 
ScHuvcHZEK  Or.  Hilv.    BaUcKMAK  Epill.  bin.  6^ 

(o)  CoNCHyLiA)  FTRiTicosA  icbinoYum. 
Sunt  frequentiora,    Dania.     Germanid  ^c. 
f^/I  Hujusmodi  concbyUorum  pyritaceorum  mcntioncin  oU* 
"^     ter  fecimus  inter  mineral  ^ritaceas.  Sped,  sr]%. 

%j.  CONCHVLIA  MINERALISATA.  ftrrea.     Con- 

CHTLIA   FiULR£A.  SpCC.  f (i^ 

Larva  ferrifera.    Crok^teiw  09 j»      # 
8ueth«  Jernuai^tige  cokchylier. 

Gall.  COQUILLES  FERRUGINEVSES* 
Getm.  £lS£NUAI.TIGB   COMCHILIKMT* 

Sunt  cooehylia  iaprimis  eorum  nuclei ,  qiif  vd  tern 
martiaU  prscipicata  vel  aUo  (^uodam  modo  ferr#  pajrd» 
paot)  in  locis  ferrifcris  obviu 

(a)  CaNCHTLiA  CERREA  nautHi. 
Lotbariugia.    Davila  Oit.  T.  III.  p-  70* 

(b)  CoNCHTtiA  FERREA  ammonitarum^  ' 
Occurrunc  plurlmis  locis  in  Helvetia^  QaUia^  Loiha^ 

ringia  &c. 

(c)  CoHCHTLiA  FERREA  neritofum^ 
Cfr»  Davila  1.  c  p.  91. 

C<1)   GONCHYLIA  FERREA  tTOCborum^ 

Lotbarinpa.    Germania.    . 

(c>  CoNCHTLiA  f  ERRS  A  turHnoYud. 
Helvetia. 

(f)  COHCHTLIA  FERRBA  nucUl  VolutafWlff 

jinglia. 

(g)  CoiicnYtiiiruMi^K nuclei an0miafum%Hyftirdifiif 

Ch)  CoNCHTLt  A  F.IU4AEA  tilHtmnm 
'  MtbaringtM^ 

88*  CON- 


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88/  CONCHYLIA  MINERALISATA  iuprea.   Con- 

CHYLIA  CUPREA.  Spec*  ^70. 

SuCth.    KoPPARHALTigE    CONCHYLlER^ 

Gall.  CoquiLLES  cuivanusES. 

Germ.   KUPFERHALTIGE    CONCHYLIEN* 

Sunt  rariora;  repcrta  tamcn  ard  ^arlshefgin  Nor  me 
gia.    cfr.  Cronstedt§.  190.  i. 

Qhf.  \i  Nonnullonim  ex  his  varictatibus  mentionem  fecinm^ 
inter  mineras  fcrri  Sfet.  345.  Plcrasquc  defcripfcrdntLl* 
$T£R  ace  Hon  Davila  1.  c.  cfr.  Hamburg.  Maga%in.  T* 
I.  p.  L  p.  24.  '&c*     Gesker  de  petrificatorum  differentiis.i 

Obf.  2.  Iq  An^lia  repcriuntur  coDcKylia  argcnto  nativo  Ai-^ 
pcrficialitcr  adh«tente  ornata,  fed  ut  haec  coiichylia  ad  fuam 
prxterca  indolem  nullam  Aibicrunt  mutatiooem^  eadem 
itaque  ad  conchy lia  mintYaliJtxta- argentea  confidctare  non  pof** 
fumus.  rfr^  Spec,  482.  OtJ.  2.  , 

Eadem  elt  ratio  conchy liorum  ^  quae  dicuntui^  granulis  auri 
adfperfa.  efr.  D.  Rev  il  las  in  MemprU  Jbpra  la  Fjfica  t 
Ifloria  naturnU:  T.  L  p.  ii2» 

^  CONCHYLlA  FOSSILIA  IMMUTATA. 

CoNCHYLiA  FOSSlLlA^ 

Sl1Cth»    Oi'OrSnDKADE     UNDERJORDISKfi    CONCHYLl* 
ER. 

Gall.  CoqyitLES  fossiles  Hon  chancres* 

Genn.     VNVERiENDERTE    UMTERIRRDISCHfi     C0NCll1{« 
LLEN."  ' 

Sunt  corpora  teftacea  ^  qutt  in  locis  fubterranrts  aut 
doliibus  inveaiuncur »  noii  petrilicata  nequc  tivaeraljfata 
fed  in  fud  ftatu  aaturali  fere  immucaca. 

85>.   CONCHYLIA  FOSSILIA.  Sped,  571 

Suecb,  Of6rXndrade  concuylier. 

Gail.  CoquiLLES  fossiles. 

Geroi.  Unvirjkndsrte  coNCHTLisH. 

Tom.  11.  LI  Suae 

\ 
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f  30  ^  (  o  )  «f 

Snnr  corpora  teftacca  vix  ni(i  colore  mutata^  quem 
loco  aativi  coloris  indiierunc  aMc  albefcentein ,  gri{eum» 
fiaverceiitcm  y  cacr^ilefcencem,  auc  rubenceni  >  pauca  luo 
nicore  naturali  prasdica^  plerumque  &  fragibora  diuturai- 
tacc  temporis  fada ,  ca  icaaue  ioUirn  cauflfa  ad  regaum 
mincrale  connumcrata ,  quod  in  locis  fubtcrraaeis  Icpuita, 
reliquis  cum  corporibas  miaeralibus  comoiim  repcriua- 
tur,  &  quideiH^ 

(a^  Alibi  n\  diverfis  tcrrarum  ftratis,  bine  illinc  inffer* 
Ja y  mout  plurimis  i  i  locis,  iisdcmque  huniilioribas 
in  /wg//(ircj>criuntur,  ubi  in  ftratis  ar^llaceis  concha- 

.  cca  fee  corpora  infperfa  occurrunt;  ut  ad  Becken- 
bam  in  Kem ;  ad  Reading  in  Berkshire  &c.  cfr.  Raji 
Pb^.  Tbeol.  Betr.  p.  ig3.  Tranf.  PbiL  Angl.  Nro, 
^i.  pag.  48f. 

Cb)  Alibi  integra  ftrata  conftituunt ,  aua  6  non  fcm- 
pcr  plerumque  camen  horizontatem  oc  ordinatum  ha- 
Dent  (icum  ,  plerumque  &^ absque  mifcela  alicujus 
materiel  five  lapides  five  terreftris  five  fabulofas ,  uc 
locis  declivioribus  obfervatum  eft  in  Touratne  in  Gal- 
lia &  alibi  cfr»  ASa  Pari/.  1720. 

(c)  Alibi  in  coUes  plus  minus  elevatos  congefta  inve- 
hiuntur,  plerumque  aut  fabulo  vel  arena  nee  non 
fragmentis  faxofis  commixta »  in  ftrata  tamen  dispo- 
fita ,  ut  ad  Uddewalla  heic  in  Svecia ,  ad  Pater na  in 
Italia  &  alibi,  cfr^  Bruhn  Difp.  de  cMbns  ad  Ud- 
dexpalHam  concbaceis^  Mentzelius  in  Epk  N.  C 
Dec,  1.  Ann,  IV,  &  V,  app.  &c.  . 

Obf.  I.  Spccialiter  hmc  omnia  enumerare  tefticet  corpora^ 
qux  immutata  in  locU  fubterrancis  rcDeriuntur,  nihil  aliud 
eifet  quam  claflificationcm  eorundcm  de  novo  recapitulate* 
Sunt  quoquc  eadem  a  lithographis  inter  ipfl|i  petrificata  con* 
numcrata  &  dercripta^  ut  pattft  a  Bromelli  S^f.  Lid- 
Suec,  Spec.  If.  Cap.  II.  aft.  i«    cfr.  ABa  Erudit.  Ltpf.    1799. 

r»  555*  iwjEDENBORGII  Mfi.  Otf.  p.  I5.  I6.  WOOD- 
WARD 1 1  att.  0/;  Foff.  of  En/l  T.  /.  P*  IT.  96.  Vc.  Da- 
til  a  Catal  Tom.  IIJ.  |>.  53.  S^^» 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


*w  (  o  >  ^  f  ?i 

mf.  1.  In  tollUtuf  udewallenfibus  ftiecicis  fequentia  obfcrva* 
vit  N.  VON  LiNNd  ioncbylia,  qu»  in  Ui».  W<ftrog.  p.  xjg. 
defcripfit 

^a}  Lepas^  quss  Bvlanus  JJidctvdUnfis^ 

Qi)  Cowcba  oUonga  ^  fulcis  transverlis. 

<c)  QonvbA  la^is^d\X£i2L  tantum  pajtc  claufllis,  apophyfi  ad* 
modum  promincnte  lauquc  prsdita* 

(d)  Cochlea  Ufta  ovata ,  fpiri5  quingue  (Iriads,  fafeiatkr,  aper- 
ture margioe  pQicico  dilacato ,  rotaitdato ^,  fljcthice  Supan* 
j;i  vocato. 

(c)  Concha ,  n^tukr  di  Aa. 

(0  Cochlea^  fpiria  quinque^  vttinquc  produda>  ftriis  aeu- 

tis  imbricatia. 

Cg)  Conchy  ^  ptSen  difta ,  ftriis  mimerofiOiaiis* 
(h)  Cochlea  Tpiris  odo  ,  oblonga ,  utrinque  produfta ,  lineit 

duabus  clevatia.  , 

0)  L^/ix ,  concha  anatifera  ^  transvcrlim  fulcaca ,  longitudi*^ 

ualiter  ftriata. 
Ck)  Concha  y  fiSuncuIus  di6ta» 

H^^  teftacea  corjpora  hue  usqqe  bis  in  coUibua  Aipt  obfer* 
vau ,  forfan  plura  cum  tempore  detegi  pplTunt,  Maxima 
quoque  attentione  dignuui,  quod  neque  in  terra  continentin 
neque  in  marlbus  his  collibua  vicinis^ullaconchylia  hisfi- 
milia  deprehendantur  »  ne  quidem  in  ipfo  freto  Catte^aK 
Recuiubunt.vero  ,  quod  notandum  imo.  bumo  teda  ad 
palmc  manus  crallltiem.  ado*  Inftratis,  qu«  infuper  argil* 
la  &  arena  conftauc,  uaa  cum  lapidibus  &  fragmends  faxolia 
admiztis.  3tio.  Non  fci^undum  genera  &  fpecies,  Ted  con-* 
fufa  &  permixta  majora  ,  minora ,  juniora  &  quaeTeiiiora 
fuerant)  inordinate  mixta.  4C0.  Raro  integrdeconchar^Ae- 
piusdivifaevelfrads.  ^ to.  Native  nitort;  deftitura.  6to  alia 
fapina  alia  dorfo  jacent,  alia  convexa  fua  parte  alia  margint 
nitimtur ,  nunc  reda  nunc  iterum  curva  dirediotoe*  uaa  ia 
alteraoi  quafi  de  induitria  adplicata  &  intrufa. 

His  circmnUantiis  conciudimus  bos  coUes,  ^iosque  fimilesa* 
liquando  (\ibunda  marina  fubflitifle,  quum  in  ucco  vel  lito« 

.  re*  marina  aqua  hujusmodi  cumulos  non  magii  olim  quam 

nunccongerere  potueric ;  concludimua  quoque  eadem  vf  qua* 

dam  fortiter  agence  eflfe  accumulata^  vel  aquae  fluentis  vel 

agltatae  und«  luariaae;  fine  dubio  icaque  diluvio  nniver^ 

L  1  a  M, 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


(n)  CoKCHTtiA  FTWTicosA  peSiffvm. 
AndtMrum  in  Scama.     Anpia  cfr.  Listth  Helvetia^ 
ScHEccHZ£&  Or.  Hflv.    fi&QcKiiAK  Epifi.  bin.  64. 
p.^84.  p.  K). 

(o)  CoxcHTLiAj  rrmiTicosA  icbinorum. 

Sunt  frcqucndonu    Dania.     Germania  &e« 
#/^  Hajnsmodi  coochyliortioi  pjrritaceQmm  mcntioncm  oki* 

*ttx  fircimus  inter  mineras  fyritacus.  Spok  srji. 

97.  CONCHVLIA  MINERALISATA,  ferret.     Con- 
CHrLiA  F£jLa£A«  Spec,  f^ 

Larva  ferrifera.    CfiOvsTEm  091*      ♦ 

Suetb*    JeRMUALTICE  COKCHTLlEa. 
Call.  Co^UlLLES  F£&kuGIH£USE$« 
Cdrm.  ElSENUALTIGE  cohchilikit* 

Sunt  conchylia  inprimis  coriun  nuclei ,  quf  vd  tem 
flurtiali  prscipicata  ?ei  aUo  cjuodam  modo  ferr#  pajdc^ 
pant  9  in  locis  ferrifcris  obviu 

Lotbariugia^    Dayila  Cat.  T.  IIL  p*  70* 

(b)  CoNCHTtiA  fErkea  ommoniiarum*  ' 
C5c€urrunt  plurimis  locis  in  Helvetia^  OaHia^  Lotim* 

ringia  &c* 

(c)  CoHCHTLiA  FERREA  neritorum^ 
Cfr»  Davila  L  c«  p.  91. 

C<1)  Conchylia  perrea  trochrum^ 
Lotbaringia.    Germania*    > 

(e>  CoKCHTLiA  VERREA  turHuorML 
Helvetia. 

(f)  CoMCHYLiA  FERREA  nticki  volutarom^ 
jinglia. 

(g)  CoifcnrLiiLfMKK^sLnucleianomar9m%iiyftirolitii^ 

(h)  CoHCHrLu  F.IUUVE4  telUuarnKk 
'  Lotbaringia. 

88  CON- 

« 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


rx  (  o  )  K}    /  S29 

88/  CONCHYLIA  MINERALlSATA  mprea.   Con- 

CHYLIA   CUPREA-  Spec*  ^70. 

SuCth.    KOPPARHALTIQE    CONCHYLlER^ 

Gall.  CoquiLLES  cuivanusES. 

Germ.   KUPFERHALTIGE    CONCHYLIEN* 

Sunt  rarioraj  rcpcrta  tamen  ad  ^arUhefgin  Normi 
gia»   cfr.  Cronstedt  §.  a9a  i. 

Oij\  li  Nonnullonim  ex  his  varictatibus  mentidnem  fecimu^ 
inter  mineras  fcrri  Spte.  34>*  Plcrasquc  defcripfcrdntLl* 
$T£R  ace  Hon  Davila  1.  c/  cfr.  Hamburg.  Maga%in.  T* 
I.  p.  L  p.  24.  fitc.    Gesker  d€  petrificatorum  diffirentiis.i 

Objl  2.  Iq  An^lia  reperiuntiir  concllylia  argcnto  nativo  Ai-^ 
pcrficialitcr  adh«tente  ornata,  fed  ut  haec  coiichylia  ad  fuam 
prxcerca  indolem  nullam  fubicrunt  mutatiooem^  eadem 
itaquc  ad  concbylia  mirttralifata-  argentea  conlidetare  non  pof*> 
fumus.  cfr^  Spec.  482.  0^7.  2.         , 

Eadem  eit  ratio  conchy liorum^  quae  dicuntur  granulis  auri 
adfperfa.  efr.  D.  Rev  jl las  in  MemprU  Jhpta  U  Fjfica  t 
l/loria  naturaU:  T.  L  p.   ii2» 

^  CONCHYLlA  FOSSILIA  IMMUTATA. 

CoNCHYLlA  FOSSILIA^ 

Sucth»   Oi^orSndkade    underjordiskb  conchylI« 

ER* 
Gall.  CoquiLLES   FOSSILES   KON  CHANG^ES^ 
Germ.     VNVERiENDERXE    UNTERIRRDISCHfi     C0NCll1{« 

llen.- 

Sutit  corpora  teftacea  ,  quai  in  locis  fubterrands  aut 
doliibus  iiiveniuiuur  »  noii  petrilicata  nequc  a^neralifata 
fed  in  fad  ftatu  aaturali  fere  immucaca. 

S%   CONCHYLIA  FOSSILIA,  Sped.  571 

Suetb.  Of6rXndrade  concuyuer. 

Gail.  CoquiLLES  fossiles. 

Geroi.  Unvirjkndsrte  conchtlish. 

Tom.  lU  LI  Sunt 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


f  30  ^  C  o  )  «f 

Snnr  corpora  teftacea  vix  nifi  colore  mutata^  quern 
loco  nativi  colons  induerunc  aMc  albercentem ,  grifcunii 
flaverceiitem  y  cxrulefcentcm,  auc  rubentem  >  pauca  fuo 
nicore  natural!  prasJica^  plerumque  &  fragilora  diutomi- 
ucc  cemporis  fada ,  ea  iuaue  iolam  cauflfa  ad  regoum 
mincrale  connumcrata,  quod  ia  locts  fubccrraneis  Icpulta, 
reliquis  cum  corporibos  miacralibus  comoiixca  repcriua- 
tuT)  &  quideit)^ 

(a^  Aim  in  diveriis  tcrrarum  firatis,  bine  illinc  in/per* 
fa^  prouc  plurimis  i  c  locis^  iisdcmque  huniilioribos 
in  //j^gZ/drcpcriuatiir,  ubi  in  ftratis  argiUaceis  concha- 

•  cca  hajc  corpora  infpcrfa  occurruat;  ut  ad  Becken- 
bam  in  Kent ;  ad  Reading  in  Berkshire  &c.  cfr.  Raji 
Pb^.  Tbeol.  Betr.  p.  Ig3.  Tranf.  Pbil.  Angl  Nro, 
^i.  pag.  48f. 

Cb)  Alibi  Integra  ftrata  conftituunt ,  aua  6  non  fcai- 
per  plerumque  tamen  horizontatem  oc  ordinatum  ha- 
bent  Htum  ,  plerumque  &^  absque  mifcela  alicujus 
materiei  five  lapides  five  terreftris  five  fabulofas ,  uc 
locis  declivioribus  obfervatum  eft  in  Touraine  in  Gal- 
lia &  alibi  cfr^  ABa  Pari/.  1720. 

(c)  Alibi  in  colUs  plus  minus  elevatos  congefta  inve- 
hiuntur,  plerumque  aut  fabulo  vel  arena  nee  non 
fragmentis  £ixofis  commixta »  in  ftrata  tamen  dispo- 
fita ,  ut  ad  Vddervalla  heic  in  Svecia ,  ad  Paierna  in 
haiia  &  alibi,  cfr^  Bruhn  Difp.  de  c^llibns  ad  Ud- 
dewaJliam  concbaceis^  Mentzelius  in  Epk  N.  C 
Dec^  1«  Ann^  IV^  &  V^  app,  &c.  . 

Olf.  I.  Spccialiter  hmc  omnia  enumcrare  teftacea  corpora, 
qux  Immutata  in  locU  fubterrancis  reDtriuntur,  nihil  aliod 
eiFet  quam  claflificationom  eorundcm  de  novo  recapituUce. 
Sunt  quoquc  eadem  a  lithographis  inter  ipr»  petrificata  ooa« 
numcrata  &  defcripta^  ut  pattft  a  Brom£lli  Sptf.  Utb. 
Suec,  Spec.  11,  Cap.  U.  aH.  !•    efr.  ABa  Erudit.  Ltpf.    17*9. 

P*  S&S*        SWJEDENBORGII     Mfc.    obf.    p.    I5.    I6.       WoOD* 

WARD  1 1  an,   of.   Fdff.  of  En/I.  T.  I  K  It  96.  Vc.     Da- 
TILA  Catal  Tom.  W.  p.  53,  &c. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


9bf,  t.  In  tQlMhui  uiewallenjibus  Aiecicis  fequentia  obfcrva* 
vit  N,  VON  LiNWC  ioncbylia^  qu»  in  Jtti».  W^ftrog.  f.  xjg, 
defcripfit 

^a}  Lefa^^  que  Bvlamu  JJidciudUnfis^ 

QS)  Conch  A  oblonga^  fulcis  transverfis. 

(c)  Cowi^  /^/^  altera  tantum  pajtc  claufllls,  apophyfi  ad* 
modum  prominente  lacaquc  prsdita, 

(d)  Cochlea  Ufta  oimta ,  fpiri5  quingue  (Iriatis,  fafeiatif,  ape]> 
tur«  margioe  pQicico  diiacato ,  rotundato  ^^  fljcthiee  Kupun^ 
j;i  vocato. 

(c)  Concha ,  nfftulur  dida. 

^0  Cochlea^  l^iria  quinque^  vttinquc  produda>  ftriis  aeu* 

cis  imbricatia. 

Cg)  Conchy  ^  pcSen  difta ,  ftriis  mimcrofifliaiis* 
(h)  Cochlea  Tpiris  odo  ,  obloiiiga ,  utrinque  produfta ,  lineit 

duabus  clevatia. 
0)  Lepas  J  concha  anatifera  ^  transvcriim  fulcaca ,  longitttdi'* 

ualiter  ftriata. 
Ck)  Concha  y  fiSuncuIus  di&a/ 

tl«c  teftacea  corjpora  hue  usque  bis  in  coUibus  Aipt  obfer* 
vau ,  forfan  plura  cum  tempore  detcgi  poffunt.  Maxima 
quoque  attentione  dignuui,  quod  ncque  in  terra  continentin 
neque  in  marlbus  his  colLibua  vicinis^ullaconcbylia  hisfi- 
milia  deprehendantur  »  ne  quidem  in  ipfo  freto  Catte^aK 
Recumbunt.vero  ,  quod  notandum  imo.  bumo  tefta  ad 
palmc  manus  crallltiem.  sdo.  Injtratis,  qu$  infuper  argil* 
la  &  arena  conftant,  una  cum  lapidibus  &  fragmentis  faxblia 
admixtis.  3tio.  Non  fciundum  genera  &  fpecics,  led  cou- 
fufa  &  permixta  majora  ,  minora ,  juniora  &  quaefeniora 
fuerant)  inordinate  mixta.  4to.  Raro  intcgraeconchae^fae- 
piusdivifaevelfrads.  ^to.  Native  nitorc  deftitura,  6to  alia 
fapina  alia  dorfo  jacent,  alia  convexa  ftia  parte  alia  margint 
nitimtur ,  nunc  reda  nunc  iterum  curva  dirediotoet  una  ia 
alteram  quafi  de  induitria  adpltcata  &  intrufa» 

His  circtimutantiis  conciudimus  has  coUcs,  ^iogque  fimilesa* 
liquando  (\ib  unda  marina  fubilitifle,  quum  in  iicco  vel  lito« 

,  re»  marina  aqua  hajusmodl  cumulos  non  magii  olim  quam 

nunccongcrere  potucrit ;  concludimua  quoque  eadem  vl  qua* 

dam  fortiter  agence  eflfe  accumulata,  vel  aquae  fluentis  vel 

agitate  und«  mariaae;  fine  dul^o  icaque  dilwm  aniver^ 

LI  a  IM, 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


f3a  ^  (  o  )  Kj 

fiU^  rel  tempore  eruptioaii  aquanim  abyffi  i  in  initio  d!- 
luvii ,  ^  v«l  tempore  delapltis  aquarum  ad  cjusdeka  finenL, 
vcl  utroquc  illo  tempore* 
Alia  eft  ratio  conchy liorttm ,  qua  I6c!s  humlliortbus  inftri- 
tis  horizontalibua  reperiuiuur,  quat  &  vel  ftrata  conili. 
tuunt  vcl  ftratis  tenrrarum  infptrfa  Cunt.  Hujusm6di  hori* 
zontales  accumulationta  in  locia  declivioribus  un\ce  mUh 
tioni  loci  aquarum  adfcribendas  putamua.  cfr  bruh^  Oif^* 
fub  meo  traf.  De  CoiUbus  ad  UdcUwalUm  eoncbdceis  in  qua 
uberitii  hrne  omnia  expofita  lunt* 

6.  CONCHYLIA  DESTRUCTA. 

Sueth»  DesTEUEaxDE  conchvlier. 
Gall.  CoquiLLiiS  dctruites. 
Germ.  Verst5ete  conch ylien. 

SuPit  corpora  tcftaifea  iis  in  locis  fcpulta  ubi  nccpe- 
trificari  uec  mdicrallfari  ncqne  in  ftacu  naturali  immutata 
pNcrmanere  pocueruac »  fed  vcl  calciiutione  quadam  a  for- 
tiori calorc  fubterranco,  aut  corrofionc  a  vaporibos  cor- 
rodentibus  ^  vcl  motu  %C  fradura  auc  alia  quacunque  ctu- 
ia »  plus  minus  violcnta  co  tempore  quo  in  finum  terrae 
projcdia  fuerunt  rcpcriuntur  corro0,  dicoru  &  frafta  imo 
in  pulvercm  aliquando  contriu. 

90^  CONCHYLIA  CALCINATA.  Spec.  57a. 

Suctfa.    CaLCINERADE   CONCHYLIER. 

Gall.    CoQUILLES    CALCIN^ES. 

Germ.  Calcinirte  conch vlien.  • 

Sunt  concbylia  quas  vel  calorc  fubtcrraneo »  vel  din* 
turnicate  tcmporis  vel  aliis  accedentibus  cauiis^  fuuoi  vo- 
latile fuamquc  firmiorcm  perdidcrunt  connextooem  par- 
ttum,  atque  ad  cam  rcdada  funt  molliticm  6c  fragilitatem 
uc  minimo  fere  atcadu  diiabantur ;  qus  &  diverfo  folcnc 
effc  colore  atque  cum  acidis  forutcr  cfFcrvefcunt.  Hu- 
jusmodi  concbylia  rcpcriuntur ,  inter  alia  petrificata  ^  ad 
Louisterg  prope  Aqwsgranum  &  alibi. 

ji.  CON- 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


91.  CONCHYIJA  ABRASA*  ^  Spec.  573.. 

Stieth.  Afn5tte  conch tiiER* 

Gall.   COQUILLES  US^£S* 

Germ.  Abgenuzte  cokchiclien. 
Siinr  conchylia,  quae  forti  motu  &  anritu  (unt  abra* 
fa  n  divift  8(  firada ,  qualia  plera^uc  exi(|unt  y  quae  ince* 
conchylia  fofliiia  inveniuntur ,  ut  mdicavimus  Spec»  57or 
Obf/2.  Nro.  4- 

$Z.  CONCHYLIA  EROSA.  Spec.  574. 

Sucth.  Maskstungne  conchyuei* 

Gall   CoqyiLLES  COMME   VERMOULUES. 
GcniU  WuRMSTICHIGE  CONCHYLIEN^ 

Sunt  conchylia  (pae^  aut*  in  ftatu  naturali  &  loco 
iu|taii,  animalculo  adhuc  tcftam  inhabitante,  a  vermibus 
func  perforata,  aut  extra  locum  natalera,  interia>  va- 
pore  Tel  materia  corrodcnte ,  aut  viciflirudiac  tcmporfs 
&  agris,  ut  alia  tjuacuuQuc  caufa,  quafi  vermibus  eifent 
perforata  apparent.  Hujusmodi  conchylia  faepc  in  fupcr- 
ficie   terrarum   reperiri  (blent,   ut  in  Go/z/tf/zi/a  &vaU- 

93.  CONCHYLIA  DISTORT  A.  Spcc^  57J 

Sueth.  Trtckte  och  b5gde  conchtlier. 

Gall.   COQUILLES  COMPRIMCES  ET  RECOURB^fiS. 

Germ.  Gedructe  und  gsbogenb  CoHcHrtiEK* 

Sunt  conchylia  quae,  probabiliter ,  quacunquecaufa, 
vel  materia  emollita ,  in  eo  molliori  ftatu  a  pondcfc  fu* 
periiicumbente  comprefTa  fuerunt ,  fnamque  nine  genui- 
nam  8c  naturalem  perdiderunt  formam.  Occurrunt  in  Gra- 
tis inferioribus  collium  conchaceorum. 

^4.  CONCHYLIA  PULVERISATA.     Arena  con- 
CHACEA.  Spec,  f  76. 

Calx  fohiHtii  furfuraccM.    v.  LiNNe  ao6.  3. 

L  1  3  ftr- 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Humus  eoncbaceus.    Cromstcdt  %$i.  A.  h  if  393^ 

A.  I. 
Sueth.  SnXckesakp. 

Gall    Sa61£  D£  COQUILLEf^ 
GciOa*   bCHNECMNSAND. 

Sunt  couchylia  m  pulTcrem  f^uflmofum  arcnae  vcl  fa^ 
bula  fioiilcm^  fine  dubios  motu  violcnto^  concriu,  qua 
io  arena  &  minima  alic^uando  depreheiiduntur  conchylia 
Sntegra  mytilorum  vcl  aliorum  immUu. 

(a)  Ariha  conchacea  violacea. 

Eft  violaced  vel  parum  rubente  colore  t  inpmnis  hu- 
xnc&aUy  ia  ftratis  maritimis  fub  bumo  recondiu^  ui 
Helfingia  &  Raslagia. 

(b)  Areka  conchacea  cinerea. 

Calx  fohibilis  fjuamofa  ^  cinereM,    t.  Linn^  007.  4. 

Colore  eft  cincreo  vcl  albcfccrite  %  originem  crahens 
a  teftis  conchy  liorum  in  pulvcrcm  &  f ra^menta  roafo- 
ray  minora  »  a  flu£^ibu$  maris,  reda£Hs^  reperitur 
ad  Jitora  maritima  in  Belgio  &  alibi, 

ebfi  Hujuf  fpeciei  mentionem  fcdmus  in  iJaffi  prima  Intel  tt^ 
fas  S,  36^ 

7.  CONCHYLIA  COMPLICATA,     Gimma. 
Lapis  fnegMticus.    Lachmukdi. 
hafides  figurati  eomplicati. 
Sueth,  Stenar  med  conchylieblandningar.  Kali- 

STEN  AF  HOPGYTTRADE   SNACKESEAHL.      MuSS£L« 
MARMOR. 

Gall.  PiERRES  coqyiLLiERES.    Pierre  be  iiegare« 

Marbre  de  coquilles* 
Germ^  Stexne  mix  conchilien    vermischungen. 

MUS61EI.MARM0R« 

Sunt   lapides  calcarei  y  confbfe  ,    diverfis  conchy* 
.liorum  aliorumque  petrificatorum  fpecfebus  aut  coruni 

fra- 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


t>^  (  o  )  li^  #3? 

fingmenris  vel  nuclcis ,  mediantc  ^lutine  quodam  fortius 
auc°debiliui combinantCi  compofiti,  in  quibus  noii  xaro 
corundem  corporum  petrificatorum  vcl  aliorum  apparent 
vcftigia ;  qui  idcoqiic  fuam  gb  confqfc  conMftam  divcrfi- 
ratem  fub  prius  icparatim  dcfcriptis  conchy liis  compre- 
hend! non  poflunt. 

(a)  GimmA  fragitif ,  polituram  non  admittens.    Cal- 
caKeus  testaceus* 

Hxc  Tarietas  defcripca  inter  calcareos  lapidet*    Spec. 

(b)  GiMMA  folid§y  polituram  admittens.  Lum  Achilla. 
Hasc  inter  marmora  eft  deferipta.     Spec.  5^9. 

Obfervationes  circa  conchylia  petrificata 
&  fofilia. 

Qbf.  I.  Nulla  corpora  pcregrina,  vtgetahilia  vel  mmalia  ca 
rcpcriuDturcopia,  petrificata^  mlneralifata  vclparum  mutata 
in  rc^no  mincrali  quam  conchylia.  Forfan^  quia  durlora  pii- 
trcdini  vel  dcftrudioni  minus  obndxla  cflc  poflTunt,  unde 
&  rariffime  animalculum  ,  ipram  tcftam  inhabitans,  eft  re- 
perfum  pctrificatum,  nonnulla  licet  excmpla  hujui  vcmiia 
pctrificati  nonnuUI  dictsnt fe  obfcrvaffc.  cfr.  Kundman  Ra  r . 
N.  If  Artis  p.  59.  &LC.  Sunt  haec  corpora  in  oiDniboi  £k. 
ropes  regnjg  etiam  in  Ajia ,  Africa  &  America  in  regno  mine* 
rali  obfervata,  prout  pleraque  loca  indicarunt&  euumcra- 
rnnt  Joh.  Dan,  Gejkri  de  montihus  concbiferii^  Kund- 
MAN  in  Kar,  A\  6*  A.  p.  52.  Ifc.  inmimis  vero  Bocr- 
ou  ET  Traits  des  petrif.  p^  2.  pag.  29*  Ac.  fed  non  ubivis 
eadcm  indole  fteademcopia*  Dubium  etenlm  an  11^  Africa 
locis  a  man  rcmotioribus  ,  quae  nobis  quam  maximc  inco* 
'gnita  adbuc  funt,  rcpcriantur*  Marmora  ctcnim  africap^f^  a 
ouibua  plurima  palatia  iegyptiaca,romanafueruntollmex- 
ftrud:a,  in  quibua  &  pctriQcata  marina  confpiciunturi  ab 
JEgypto  &  Numidia  fuiffe  transpprtata  novimus  ;  ab  interio- 
ribus  vero  Afrlcae  locia  fiiifle  defumta,  nemo  cum  certitu- 
dine  dicere  poted.  In  Peruviana  America  regno  Boucul  sr 
&  CoKDAMiKE  fe  nulla  invenirc  ootui/fe  marina  corpora 
foflilia  vel  petrificata  tcftati  flint,  uno ,  in  magno  trrcarum 
traftu  ne  quidem  unicum  lapidem,  liact  in  Brqfilia^  Pen- 
fivams ,  Ttrra  tt/Uiellanica  ;  Nova  An^lia ,  Albania ,  Mary* 
LI  4  ^^^^ 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


n^\  {y  ( o )  Kj 

,    ,    land  ffc.  faepius  fint  reperta*    Nemo  &  hue  ufque  in  ttntk 
firma  ad  f o/am  aufttakm  h«c  corpora  cbfcrvavit. 

Oif.  2.  Dcprebunduiitur  bare  corpora  tctibi  ad  maris  oraaccu- 
mulata,  alibi  rcmotius  a  man,  imo  in  inurioribus  rcgioDui 
vel  terrs  firms  locit,  aQt  in  fiferfici^  di(]perb,  aut  in 
firatisy  tcrrarum  &  montium,  ad  ad.^  o,  imo  ioo.  pedum  pro- 
fundicatem  infra  Ilneam  occani  horizontalem  demerf^  aiitad 
Jummitates  ^  cacumina  moniium^  usque  ad  looo  pedum  aL 
dtudinem  fupra  oceani  Tuperficiem  elevata^  ad  quzlQcanee 
viaquxn^cpropriaper^Fcnire  potuerunt*  Maxima  quoquc 
atteRtione  dignum  quod  raro  vcl  nunquam  petrifieata^tY;fet4. 
Mia  reper^intur  lis  in  locis  ubi  conchylia  occurrunt|&  vice  rer 
fa,  raro  petriflcrata  conchace^^  ubi  vegctabilia  iny^niiintui, 

Otf.  3.  Qu«  in  ftratis  terrarnm  occurrunt  conchylia  raro  alia 
AiDt  obrervata  qu^mfofftli4^  feu  parum  mutata  vel  frada^ 
ex  adverfo  autem  ^  qu^  in  ftratis  montlum  Tuiit  recondlta^ 
drprchimduntur  in  lapidem  falcareum  wtljilieeum  aut  wtse- 
talifatum  mutata,  cadem  nempe  fubilantia  *  f«pe  &  colore 
eun^  laplde  ambiente,  a  quo  alibi  feparata  alibi  cum  ct« 
dem  coalita  vel  omalno  concreta  inveniuntur^ 

Olf.  4.  Prsterea  obfervandum  hxc  marina  corpora  lods  iodi* 
Qatis  non  multum  difperra/cd  uno  in  loco  fatis  angufto  ac- 
cumulate inveniriy  &  Cants  aliquando  teneritudinis  &  parvi- 
tatis,  inter  majora,^  at  nulla  ratione  ad  ilia  loqa,  flucnte 
aqua,  advebi  potuerint 

0^/•  f  •  Inl\jper  &  notandum  eadem  hxc  conchylia  depreben* 
di  vel  mixta,  a  dlverfu  rpeciebus»  quo  in  caru  non  fecuo- 
dum  genera  &  fpccies  fed  omnia  confuAi&  mixta  in  veniun* 
tur ;  yt\ftupenia  vi  unius  fpecieif  in  uno  eademque  loco  re» 
pofita,  ita  tamen,  ut  majora,  minora,  juniora  &  feniora 
inordinate  fmt  nuxta  prout  indicavimus  in  Otf.  2*  ad  cofh 
cbylia  foffilia. 

f>bf  6.  Denique  id  maxima  attentione  dignum  quod  ex  affc 
squalia  originalia  ad  plurima  haec  petriiicata  &  fbflrliacor* 
pora  vix  in  marl,  iisdem  locis^  ubi  reperiuntur^  vicino,  Amt 
adhiic  reperta.  •  V^Elimtas^  tellinitas.  qui  funt  frequentiores, 
nee  non  tmbinitas^  aliisque,  incolas  elTe  atlantiei  marii 
nemlni  J[iodi<>  ignotum^  Langius  in  Hift.  L«p.  Fig.  Hth. 
ft  ScHEucHZ^Q.  Qfycbtogf.  HWv. plurima dercripferuntcoQ> 
ehylia  foffilia  vel  petrificata,  quorum  originalia  nonoli 
in  mari  oftindieo  reperiuntur.  Nob.  v*  Likn^  ojtrum  6e- 
(cripfit,  quam  appcUavimus,  ofiracitem  fcEHMoto  plicstm 

Spic. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


^Co)  Kf  537' 

Spec.  503.  liK  >,  in  Scania  praefcHtrm,  cujug  orlginalc  non- 
nifi  in  Msa  tepcritur*  Hinc,  Baltha^s*  Erhard  in  BresL 
Sammi  1725.  M.  Aug.  CI.  IV.  Itatiicre  voluit  pctrificata 
conchylta  curop«a  podus  dc  remotiflimo  mari  indico  efle 
derivanda,  guam  n  mari  ad  litora  europaea/alliientc.  Ab 
hac  fcntcntia  non  abit  Bomarb  in  Mineral  T*  a.  p.  307» 
contcndcns  pcrfeftc  analoga  vivcnda  conchy lia  ad  plurimt 
ilia  quae  \nGMa  &  alibi  repcrluntur, /bj^iw  aut  pctrifica- 
ta  nonnifi  in  indieo  mari  cffc  adhuc  repcrta.  Qum  obfcr- 
vatio  cum  ilia  omnino  congruit  quam  JussiEu  de  vtgeta* 
hilibus  fetrificatis^  juxta  ftia  ci^ca  cadcm  c^fcrvata  protulit> 
&  nos  adtulimus  in  Obf,  2  Circa  nytotypolitbos  UU  d.  Hino 
qucflio  oritur;  qua  rationed  quomodo  fua  rcpulchrahse 
conchylia  in  loeis  a  patria  tarn  remotis  obtinere  potu«- 
runc  ?  ad  quam  alia  occaiione  rcQ>ondcrt  volumua. 

Qbfc  7.  Sed.|  nee  minor!  attcntione  dignnm  9  ctiam  hujuarnqdi 
corpora  tcftacca  eflcrcperta  petiifi(!ata,  idquc  infignl  copia 
&  civtrfitate  quorum  ne  unicum  quidem  originate  in  ullo 
mari  adhuc  ell  detcftum,  qiiaiia  timfrtbocerMtiU  ^  smmoni^ 
ia^  grypbit^j  anomia^  lapides  judaifi  &  plurimi  ecbinita  6l 
quae  funt  plura.  Probabile  eft  borum  analoga  corpora  cflc 
ftlagica  atque  fiiam  ob  ^vitatem  ,  ad  fundum  maria,  cer- 
tis  in  locis  hofpitare ,  ideoque  &  a^d  Aiperficiem  Munquam 

{fcr venire  poflc.    An  ergo  abyflus  marii  futrit  olittf  iis 
ocis ,  ubi  jam,  petrificau  Inveniuntur? 


!• «  5  S*XS4e 


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■    5.  ENTOMOUTHI.  g«,«. 

Petrificata  animalia  wJeBoru^.  M.  R^ 
Zoolubi  infeSlorum. 

SuCth.   StENWA^DLADE   IN9ECTER. 

Gall.  £ntom'>lithes. 

Germ.  Versteinerte  insecten* 

Ab  ingenci  muititudine  infcaprum  corundcmquc  di- 
vcrfiratc  maxima ,  pauca  tamca  ab  nis  animalculis  ob  plu, 
rium  molliiicm  &  facilcm  dcftrudibiliMtem  funt  repcra 
Vcrc  pctrificata ,  ac  vix  alia  qiiam  cruftacea ,  paucorum  & 
vcftigia  lapidibus  imprcfla,  nonimlla  mincralifat^ ,  intcrca 
\ameQ  in  tria  genera  inferiora  hos  lapides  infe^iferos  di- 
tidcrc  ncceflum  habcrous, 

(a)  Insect  A  petrificata  ,  feu  in  lapideam  duritiem 
mutata ,  qHs  proprie  entomolitbi  v6cancur. 

(b^  Insecta  6ESTRUCTA,  qu»  tamcn  fui  veftigia  iQ 
lapidibus  reliqucrunt  quas  idcoque  entomotyp^Uth^ 
appellantun 

(c)  Insecta  MiNERAtiSATA  ,  qu«  vel  bicuminifata 
vel  fulpbure  &  metallicis  patticuUs  fupt  impra^nata; 
quae  vocancur  emoma  mineralifata. 

1.  ENTOMOLITHI. 
Suetb.  Stenwandlade  intecter. 
Gall  Ertomolithes. 
Germ.  Versteinerte  insecten. 

%^  ENTOMOLITHI  monoculo  (rffinis  infeQu  Spec,  f  77. 
Eniom^Uibus  mono€ulif  defer diti.  v.  Link^  i5o.  Nro^s 
Otnjcus  petrificatus.    A3a  petropoU  Vj4^  * 

Concbites  tribus  loins  fcarabaum  refertns.  Wolterd. 
Trigonella  ftriata^  concHtes  trilokusftriatus,  Lehman* 
Baumer  I.  sag. 

Suetlv 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


>»  (  o  )  K«  139 

Sucth.  Sten)><^andlapb  mohocler^ 
Gall.  Monocles  petrifies. 
Germ.  Versteinerte  monoclee^ 

Sunt  petrificata  infeda ,  figura  ovali  ant  pifltformi» 
inagnitudinc  aiiquando  palms  manus  >  aliquando  pffi  vel 
fabas  compreiTas ,  qus  trinis  quafi  lobis  conftanc  y  dorlo 
Isvi  squall )  aliquando  ftriis  transverfis  ornato  ,  faciem  \, 
idcoquc  faepc  habcnt  cruftae  inje£ti  coleopieri.  Frcqucn- 
tiflima  reperiuntur  in  lafnde  calcareo  oetandico  iff  wefira^ 
^Qtbico  in  KinnekulU^  in  lafiJeJiiilli  ^  fchifto  his  iisdem 
in  lods  9  &  ad  Andrarum  tu  Scania  atque  alibu 
(a)  Entomolithi  monoculo  affinis  insecti,  rr«-' 
fta  expanfa*  \ 

*  Hi  tribus  quali  lobii  compofiti ,  dorfo  l«vi  vel  ftria* 
to,  rariffirac  integri  reperiuntur,  utplurimura  thora- 
ce  &  capite  priuatiy.duas  fepiratim  petrificara  repe- 
riuntur. V*  LiNN^  Muf.  Tefr.  Tab.  ).  fig.  2.  AQa 
Stockb.  17^9.  Tab.  I.  f.  i.  B&omell  Un>.  Sv.  Sp» 
fi,  p.  49.  fi. 
^b^  Entomolithi  monoculo  affinjs  insecti, 
cantbaridum  figura  £?*  magnitudim. 

Hi  iidem  funt  quos  v.  Linn^  in  hin.  WeftroR.  p^  24* 
&  hm^  Scanico  p.  %u  vocavit  ob  (imilitudinem  in- 
dicatara  pttrificatam  infeSH  coleopteri.  Bromeli 
JJtb-  Svec.  Sp.  a.  p.  46.  ^j. 

(«}  Entomolithi  monoculo  avfxhis  xksecti, 

fififormes^     ' 

I^aciem  habent  pifi  vel  faia  tninoris  compreflae  fuo  cum 
corculo.    Bromell  LitL  Svec.  Sp.  %,  p.  50* 

Cd)  Entomolithi  monoculo  affinis  insecti) 
f ragmen  fa  tboracica  feu  peBoralia. 

Fcdorale  hujus  infcdi  ignoti  a  rcliquo  corpore  fepara* 
cum  fspius  rcperitur  atque  pro  pecuUari  inifOio  a 
nonnullis  habctur^    eft.  A£ia  Stockk  17^9.  Tab^  I. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


ir40  ^  (  o  )  w| 

Qbf.  De  Us  petrificttjii  corundemque  viurietatibi»  div^erfsid* 
hue  exi(hint  fentcnriae*  Ad  concbitas  anomias  trihbdres  in 
litteris  olim  ad  me  fcriptifl  connumeravit  Kl£In  quern  f^ 
ciiti  Lehmak  in  MineraL  W/vLch  in  St.  R.  Baumeu  in 
Mfff.  T.  I.  Ad  offf/cax  pctrificatos  rcftrantur  in  ARis  iWro* 
poi  N.  YON  LiNHd  in'XS.  Stockb.  1759.  contendit  bfc 
petrificata  ftiam  debere  origincm  infedis  ex  monocuU  sffi- 
fits  fpecie  nondum  nota,  in  abylTo  maris  forfan  degcncc^  u 
inter  cancros^  monocttlos  &*  onijcof  ambigente,  quam  len- 
'  tcntiam  nor  merito  amplexi  fumus.  Davila  in  Cst, 
T.  IIL  p.  206.  luec  petrificata  inttt  afiacolittos  connvmttit, 
esiftiinans  eadem  ansdogiam  qiiamdam  habere  cum  iia  p^ 
trificatU  qu»  defcripfit  Guettard  in  AB,.  fatif.  jf  57. 
fag.  ga.  ^c. 

a.  ENTOMOLITHI  infeBorum  crufiaceorum.      Asta- 

COLITHI.  Spec.  578. 

Entomolitbus  cancri.    v»  Linne  i6o.  U 

Cancer  lapideus.    Scheuchzei. 

Suerh.  Stekwakdlade  skaldiur.    Stemwandeadi 

kHaftor. 
Gall.  Crustacites.    Ecrivices  pitrifi^es. 
Germ.  Veksteinerte  xrebse. 

Sub  hac  fpecie  omnia  comprehendimus  infe^  jcrufli 
fragili  prsdjta ,  quae  biftorici  naturaki  ad  genus  cancri 
rcferre  folciit. 

(a)  AsTAcoLiTHUS  aftaci^   Astacus  petrifigatus. 
Hufus  mencioncm  feccnint  Roberg  in  .Difp.  de  Afta* 
co'Ftav.    Baier  in  Suppl.  Or.  Nor.  p^'s?-  Davi- 
la at.  T.  iU.  Tab*  3.  If!  J.  Walcb  St.  R.  Tit.  IV. 
Nro.  1. 

(b)   ASTACOLITHUS  /^UldS. 

Davila  i  c^  p.  jso]*  &Ci    KundmAn  R.  N.  &  A. 
Tab.  IV.  f.  XI.  1%. 

^   Xc)  AsTAcoLiTHUS  paguri.  Pacvrus  lapidevs.  Cam^ 
4rit€S^    - 

B&Oai* 


Digitized  by 


Google 


rw  C  o  )  «f  541 

BftfiCKMAN  Tbff.  D.  Br.  Tab;  L  f.  a.    Schiuchzer 

Davila  C.  T.  IIU  Tab.  UK  fig.  G. 
rd)  AsTACOLiTHUS  gAmmari. "  Gamma&outhus. 
Grimm  in  MiTc.  N»  C.  Dec.  11.  aim-  x«  obC  148.  Da« 

VILA  1.  c.  p.  107. 

(c)  ASTACOLITHUS  enmta^ 
Eremitam  fcu^  ^nnardum  petrificatum  fc  in  fcbiftt^ 

Oefiingeufi  vidiffc  contendit  Bertrand  in  DiB^  Or. 

Tiu  Bernard  I'Hermiie.  alium  dcfcripfic  Kukdman 

in  R,  Nat.  ^  Art.  p»  gi-  *c.  &  dcUncavic  Tab. 

IV.  f.  8.  9. 
CO  AsTACOLiTHus/^y/iVix  aquattci. 
Klein  Duhia  pag.  3S.  fig.  E,  Z. 

(g)  ASTACOLITHUS  hracbii  majoris  ajiacum.     Asta- 

eopoDiulf^    CarcinopodiuPi. 
LuiDii  tub.  'Brit.  Nro.  xa.  3<S.      Bourgubt  Tr.  des 

Petr,  Tak.  LIX.  fie.  456*  437^ 
(h)  AsTACOLiTHUS  lacerti  nnmris  aflacu  Bacxllui^ 
(1)  Astacolithus  timdde  cawH^ 
Davila  Cat.  T*  111.  p.  204.  diftingucndus  a  lapidihns 

Cauda  cancri  vocatis ,  quos  defcripfimus  Spec.  487. 

lit  c* 

Obf.  Dc  afiatoUtbis  In  tpeeie  fcrl|^^UDt  Ph.  Jac.  Sachs  a 
LoEWENKEiH  In  G^iwwtffo/ofitf.  JoH.  D.  Major  in  DiJE, 
de  cAncris  if  firpentitus  petnfiElis^  Auo.  Sctlla  de  rorl 
foritus  marinis  lapidefeentihus.  Bourcuet  in  Tr.  de  petrify 
p.  113.  ubi  ft  eotum  crcduliua  mcrho  explodicur,  qui 
ex  fabulofa  narrationt  chiDcniium  contendunc  in  provin- 
oiz Quantung  paguros  reperiri,  qui,  ubl  aqua  re^ida,  acf-' 
rem  fubierint,  (Utim  in  lapidem  convertanturdurifllmum* 

a.  ENTOMOTYPOLITHL     Tyfolithi  insegto- 

CTORUM. 

Sueth,  I  stenar  aftryckte  xnssctbr.  Si^Xrstbnar 

Af   INSfiCTSR* 

Gall 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


f4*  JH  C  O  )  k<f 

Gall.  Entomottpolithes.     Emfuknte^  d'iksi^ 

CT£S. 

Germ.   AbdrQcke  von  insecten.    .  Sbuhrstkiki 

VON    INSECTEN.  , 

Sunt  lapides  vix  alii  (\w^m  fcbifioR  v<^l  margacei  m(\}^' 
bus  veftigia  &  figurs  apparent  inteoi  cufusdam  olim  pr^ 
fentis  poftea  vero  deftrutti.  Quales  plurimi  qui  26  eiuo* 
tomolitbos  z  Uthographis  conuumeraacur  lapides «  inprimis 
inJeSorum  ptery^orum  figuras  cxhibentes. 

J.    TYPOUTHI  monocido  affinis  inJcBL       Spec.  57^ 
Sueth«  SpXrstnar  of  monocles.. 
Gall.  Empkeiktes  de  monocles^ 
Germ.  Spuhrsteiee  von  mokoclpk^ 

Sunt,  lapides  fchiftofi  vel  calcarei  aut   mar^acei  in 
quibus  veftigia  reperiuntur  monoculo  affinis  infect  imptcT- 
ia,  iisdem  locis   obvii  in  quibus  hsc  infeda  fnnt  obfci* 
'  vau  petrificata  ut  iodicaviinus  Spec,  f26. 

4.  TYPOUTHI  infe&mm  cruftaceorum.       Spec.  580. 
Sueth.  SpXrstenar  af  skaldiur  eller  krXftslIg- 

TB. 

Gall.  Emprbintes  de  crustacitbs  >  ou  d'  ecrivi* 

CES^ 

Germ.  Spuhrsteinb  von  schalthieren  oder  krbi- 

SEN. 

Ca}  TrpotiTHi  afiacL 
(h)  Tyvouthi  fquilU. 

CO  Typolithi  locufta  marina. 
cfr.  Da  VILA  C  T.  la  p.  103.    Baier  Or.  N.  SupfL 
p.  61.    Walch  St,  R.  Tab.  /.  Nro.  3. 
(d)  TYPOLiTHi  paguru 
(c)  TvpoLiTHi  Cauda  aftaci  yclfqidUa. 

Omnes  ha?  varietates  funt  rcperts  in  margode  mar* 
tiorc0  Pappenbiimexj/i  ^  eemngenji  ^c«  dx^  Baier  Ot^ 


Digitized  by 


Google 


,  ««(o)M«  543 

NoK  SuppUm.  p.  57*    KkoKr  Lap.  dil^  Tefi.  lab. 
17-  18. 

5^  TYPOLITHI  infeShrum  pterjfgicrum  feu  volanmm. 

Spec*  581. 
$u€th,  SpIrstenak  af  fitgande  insectrr^ 
Gall.  Empreiktes  to' insectes  volans. 
Gcrm^  Sfursteinb  von  fliegenden  insecten- 

Sunt  lapidcs  fchiftofi  vcl  margodes  iiv  quibus  veftigia 
&  ^guras  ab  ifiedis  volantibus  apparent* 

(a)  Ttpolithi  fcarabm.    * 
In  lapidc  mar^odt  oiningenfi  prafcfentem  fcarabei  tjr- 

pum  defcripiic  Scheuchzer  m  Qsiar.  fijc.  p.  if.flc 

dcpinxic  lab.  IL 

i(b>  Trfotnm  cervi  volauHs  feu  lucanu 

Cc)  Ttpolithi  gt'jlli* 

In  margodc  oeningeii[i.    cfr.  Daviia  1.  c»  p*  113 
224.  • 

(d)  TrponTHi  bemerohiu  ' 

Lakg.  H.  Lap,  Fig.  Helv.  p.  3 j>,  Tal.  VII. 

(c)  Typolithi  papilionis. 

Scheuchzer  Mi{f.  Diluv.  io5.  &  in  Heri.  Diluv 
f<A.  16.  f.  %  MuJ.  Kicbterianum  p*  af  6»  DAva^ 
L  c. 

(0  Ttpolithi  lihlluU. 
Scheuchzer  in  Hert,  Dih  Talr.^.f.  i. 

Cg3  Typolithi  mujcm.    Mujcitm. 

Ch)   TVPOLITHI   #fp«/tf. 

Davila  I.  c»  , 

t>i^  Qui  apud  Iitho{;raplio9  enumerantur  entomoUtbi  ab  iofb* 

dif  volantibus  feu  pterygets  ^   vix  alii  eflc  pofluat  quant 

n^po/itU  enumcrati.   H«c  fiquidrin  animalcula  dtiusintde* 

ftruda  ncccffe  clt,  ftiam  ob  mollitiem ,  auam  iaduratio- 

>       Hem  gu^ctam  fubirc  poflint.  Nca  ubiviafiocsadhibendaad 

d«* 


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?44  tx(0)Kj 

defcriptiones  tb  luftoribus  nonilullis  illatas  circa  typoli* 
thos,  quum  tepe  ftia  in  imaginatione  exiftimant  fc  vidiiTe, 
aliquid  addcnao  vel  dcmendo , .  quae  ab  aliis  non  ita  coo- 
f)pici  poflunt*  Vaporcs  {\ibterrancl  &  aqua  Iiis  vaporibm 
gravldc ,  minimas  penetraudo  rimaa,  plurimas  pingere  pof- 
lime  figuras,  quae  aliquaii  cum  animaleulo  quodam  gaa* 
dent  fimilituddine^  fed  carent  fcpe  perfe&a  aequalitatc. 

3.  ENTOMA  MINERALISATA* 

-  Sueth^   MiNERALlSE&ADE  IKSECTER. 
Gait   iNSECTEiS  MIN£RAi,ls4s.  * 

Germ*  Mineralisikte  insecten* 

Hue  refbrimus  omnia  infcda  qua?  vel  bituminofajDl- 
tcria  fuQt  involuta  vd  fulphurea  aut  metkllica  pcnctnh 
ta. 

€.  ENTOMA   MINERALISATA  ,  fuccino   invobaa. 

Spec.  fgi. 
Entomolithus  Juccinu    v.  Linn^  161.  3^ 

SuCth*   1  BBRNSTEN  INNESLUTHS  INSECTER.     - 

G^ll.  Insectes  dans  les  succins. 

Germ»  Im  bernstein  ErNGESCHLossEKE  i^sectek 

Sunt  infeda  divetfa,  rarius  coUoptera^  frequcntius 
gymnopttra^  quae  fuccino  reperiuntur  inciufat  cujuspboe. 
nomeni  ratioilem  ancea  dedimus  In  obfifv.  circa  fuccimm. 
cfr*  Gesner  dc  ^/ri/.  Sendelius  d^  Jyccino  &d  Nos 
formicam  &  in  alto  fpeciniinc  //pf//am  inclufa  poffidemus* 

-     7.  ENTOMA  MINERALISATA  pyriticofa^    Entomo^ 
LiTHi  PYRiTicosi.  Spec.  583. 

Sueth.  KlESHALTIGE    INSECTER     SLIER     BNTOMOU- 
THER. 

Gall.  Entomolithes  pyriteuses. 

Germ.  KlESHALTIGE    insectbn    ODER    Entomoli- 

THEN. 

Hue  pertinent  plurirai  entomolitbi  velcrufta  pyriti* 
cofa  veftitif  yel  &  pyriticofa  materia  penetrati« 

W  En- 


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(.a)  Entomolithi  ttvKiTicosi  tnenoctdo  Mffinit  infe£H^ 

Rcpcriuntur  ad  Anirarum  in  Scania. 
(b)  Entomolithi  vYfiiTicost  Jtjuillarwi.  \ 

Occurrunt  in  Anglia  Qh.  Davila  1.  c.  Tab.  V.  Kt» 
k. 

8*  ENTOMA   MINERALISATA  jerrugima.     Ento. 

MOtlTHI    MARTIALES.  SpCC.  f 84. 

Sueth.    Jernhaltige    insecter    eller    entomoli- 

TH^R. 
GaU»    ENTOMpLlTHES  FERRUGINEUX. 

Germ.  EisenAaltige  ,i n s e ct e n    oder  EKtOMOiti* 

THEN. 

Ad  banc  fpccicm  phirimos  ex  cruftaceorum  gcnere» 
leferimus,  qui  eciam  iolo  colore  aliquando  rubiginofof 
,  fuam  martialem  indicant  mdolcm.    Hue  pertinent  ragur* 
'  ex  Coromandel  nee  non  ex  Verona  in  Italia  cfr^  BoUiu*  ' 
mvBwTr.  der  Petrif  p.  117. 

Obfervationes  circa  entomolithoSi 

Plura  dari  intcgra  vcl  ad  partem  five  petrificata  five  minc- 
ralifata  cntoma,  five  &  eorundem  typos  in  lapidibus  re« 
llftos,  negate  noo  poflumus,  licet  dubitandl  ratloqes  non  de« 
fint  ob  eorupdem  mollitiem  &  fsurilem  definidibilitatem. 

Arakeas  fetrificatas  ^  feu  ArMcbmolitbot  defcripfunus  dupll* 
ces;  alios  inter  sftroitas  Spec.  453  lit.  b.  alias  inter  fypo* 
litbos  200pbytovyim ,  Sfee.  476.  Locum  Itvque  hi  aracbneoti^ 
tbi  heic  non  habent*  An  aranea  fetrifieaU  ^  quarum  men* 
tionem  faclt  Kundmah  in  Kar.  N.  t/  A  f.  296.  &  de« 
pinxit ,  Tab.  Xil.  Nro.  14.  hue  refcrri  poflUnt  ^  in  mrdium 
relinguo.  Aranesr  in  lapideam  durltiem  immutari ,  dum  pal« 
vere  Valeriana  veiyifcconteguntur,  fabuloftjm  eft. 

F<^RMiCA^  fetrificatas^  myrmecitas ^  non  vidimuSyCaadcmita^ 
.que  praetcrire  voluimus. 

BRi/cAS  pitrijicatas .  vel  enuaformes  lapides^  Helwihoix 
in  Lf^io^r.  Angerh.  P.  II  p.  129.  &  Scheuchzeri  in 
Ofycbtoffr^  Helv.  p*  331*  fig.  169*  hue  referre  non  poifumus, 

g^nf .  IL  Mm  ^  Dt 


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S4«  »i(o)«» 


Oe  CELtOiH  AJUM  f etrificatii  in  MfUirittwa  repertis,  qut- 
rum  meutio  &  defcriptk)  fato  aLiPH  la^a.  ft"/.  iTOi, 
p.  36.  noftruta  tantifpet  ftilbendere  volumus  iudicmoi.  Re- 
htt  quoque,  Mylius  in  Sax.  Subt.  p.  69.  fiweffc  miHam 
ex  Lwoijw  eapfttlam  mellit  Jyhejlm  petrificatam  «t  HEiwi w© 
in  Utb.Att£erb.  p.  62.  lapidis  favo  >"?' ™«°"°°f "  £' 
cit,  necnon  wdlvefparii ,  quos  .delintavU  laD.  vn.  ng. 
19. 17.  fedpriorem  ad  m«««  referendum  aibitramur,  po* 
fieriorem  ad  lapidcs  lufu  naturx  figuratos. 


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^  C  o  )  «4  f47 

6.     AMPHIBIOLITHI.  Gen.  sj. 

'     '    Petrificatct  atdmalia  am^bibiorum.    M.  R. 

Sueth.  Stemwandlade  amphibier. 

Gall.  Amphibiolithes. 

Germ.   VersteiNerte  amphibien. 

Ad  hoc  gCQUS  pertinent  omnia  amphibia  five  int^ra 
five  ad  partem  ^etnficata^  &  lapides,  in  quibus  eorun- 
dem  typi  flint  imprcfli  ^  ab  utrisque  licet  paucifflma  hue 
usque  unt  reperta  fpecimiua.  Hujus  generis  nobis  non 
nou  nifi  bina  genera  inferiora. 

imO.  Petrificaia  igapbiiia  ^  feu  in  lapideoi  mutata  ^  Am- 

PHIBIOLITUI. 

9do.  DeJiruSa  ampbihia  cum  reli&is  veftigiis^  lapidibus 
impreffis9  amphibiotypolithi. 

!•  AMPHIBIOLITHI. 

Sueth*  Stenwandladb  amphibiek. 
\     Gall.  Amphibiolithes. 

Gcrra.  Versteinerte  amphibick. 

1.  AMPHIBIOLITHUS /^tti/u/j.      Testudopetre- 
facta^     f  Spec  5$f. 

Sueth.   SXENWANDLAD  SKYLLPADDA* 

GalK  To^TUE  petrifi6e. 

Germ.  VflRsxEiNfiRTE  schildKrBtek. 

Rcperitur  integer  vel  ad  partem  petrificatui,  inTr^/- 
flo  Glarofienfi  if  arenario  Berlingenji  in  Helvetia*,  cfr. 
BoccoN  Muf  di  Fifica  p*  igi.  Gesner  iie  Petfif.  P84. 

a.  AMPHlBiOLlTHUS  ranie.  Spec,  58«. 

,  Lapis  ingentis  magnitudinis  k%^onem  exbiiem.     Spi- 
NER  in  Mifc.  Berol 

•  M  ra  a  Sueth* 


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J4t  tH(o)«« 

Sueth.  Stkkwandlad  groda. 

Gall.  Crapaud  piTtiFid 
•Germ.  Versteinerte  frSschc  und  krSten. 
Hujus  iQentioQcm  facit  Spenfr  L  c.  &  ia  fchifio 
Claromnfi  Gesner  de  Peirif.   p.  46. 

3.  AMPHIBlOLITHUS>/^//  crocodili.    XYtostEftN 
SCECETi  crocodili.  ^        Spec.  587. 

Crocodili  faleton  e  jodinis  Tburingicis  kutferfdlienfibils 
ad  ^o.  ulnarum  p'ofunditatem.    ABa  Beroi  17  lo^ 

Scikton  crocodili 'tnjcbifto.  AB.  Erud.  Lip/.  1718. 
p/i88. 

Lacerta  crocodilus  diSa  fiffili  lapidi  imprejfa.  ScfiEtCH- 
ZER  Qv.  Pijc.  p.  30. 

Sucth.   StENWANDLAD  BENRANCELAFCRiOCODIU 
Gall.    SOUELETTEDE  CROCODIL  PETRIFI^. 

Germ.  Versteinertes  crocodilscelet. 

Dc  fceleto  croc^ddli  in  Tburhi^a  tcptito  ^  quod  mU 
neralifatum  quodammodo  fuifTe  dicitur  cfr.  SpIbkeri  difl. 
de  crocodilo  Marino  foffili  Mi/c.  Berol.  Tr  I.  p.  1710-  p. 
103.  ^cta  Erud.  Lipftenfiu  1718-  p.  i88-  Scheuchzer 
Qy.  Pi/c.  Tab.  V.  Dc  alio  in  Anglia  repcrto  cfr*  Stuc« 
Releji  ia  Tranf.  Pb^  i^»g/.  Nro.  360.  pag.  j^6j* 

4.  AMPHIBIOUTHUS  lacerta.  Spec  f88. 

Lacerta  diluviana  in  fiffili  lapide  ex  Jylva  Hercynia. 
Scheuchzer  Qjr.  Pifc. 
Sucth.  Stenwandlap  odla.  • 

Gall.  Lezard  petrifi^. 
Gcrm^  Versteinerte  eidexen. 

Dc  lacerta  in  /cbifto  in  fylva  Hercynia  repcrto  cfr. 
Scheuchzer  ^er.  Pifc.  p.  30.  Tab.  IV.  -BrQckman 
Tbef.  Duc^  Brunsv.  p.  41.  Tab.  UK  .  De  lacerta  mnera- 
li/ata ,  cfr.  Kundman  R.  N.  £3*  A.  f,  go.  Dc  lacerta  in 
alabaftro  perfico  c£t.  Cronstedt  Min.  §•  281. 

J.AM. 


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5.  AMPHIBIOLITHUS>?r/)^»///,  OfHiotixiius,  Spec. 

Stictn.  Stenwandlade  ormar. 
Gall.  Serpent  petrifi*. 
Germ.  Vfr^teinerte  schlangen.    , 
R^pcrti  funt  fcrpentcs  vel  intcgri  vcl  zi  partem  pc- 
trififad  ji         •  j 

(^  Amphibiouthus  SEfPENTis  i$ukwL  ^ 
Cfr.   Gesner  dc  tettij.    p.  6^.     MAjoR  DilT.    ifr 
canftis  ^  ferpent.,  pctrcfadis.      Baier  Suppl.  Ou 
j^oKk.    ^avmekMih^  T.  11  p.  /9i» 

(b>  Amphibiolithus  capitis  ferpentis a 
Cfr.  Langii  H;  L.  Fig.  Heh.  p,  47.    Wormii  Mf(/; 
L.  I  .Se£f.^  lU  p..  so.    BpuRGUET  Tr.  des  Veirif.  T. 
tlX,  fig.  43a- 

0bf.  I.  Hi  dmphiHoUthi  ferpentum.  irtUgri^  probe  diftingucndl 
a  viperis  Jeu  fetpentibus  mclitehfibus  petrifieaAs  ,  quos  inter 
€^blixas  cmelitas  Spec.  485.  p.  6.  defcripfimHS. 

Qif.2.  Scektonferpentittum^  quod  defcribit  Wormius  I.  c#  p» 
1 6.  videtur  eife  eomu  mmonis.    cfr.  Sjpec.  489* 

2.    AMPHI3IOTYPOLITHI,     TVPOLITHI  AMPHIBIO- 
RUM. 

Sueth,  SpXrStenar  af  amphibier. 
Gall.  Empreintes  d*  amphibies. 
Germ.  Spuhrsteine  von  amphibien. 

Sunt  lapidcs  fcbiftofi ,  margodes  vel  calct^rei  in  qui- 
bus  figuras  &  veftigia  amphibiorum  vcl  eorugdem  partiui% 
funt  obfervata  imprefla* 

6,  TYPOUTHI  Jacerta.  Spec,  590. 

Sueth.  SpXrstinar  af  5dlor. 
Gall.  Empreintes  db  lezards^ 
Germ.  Spuhrsteine  von  eidexeit. 

]^  m  3.  Hue 


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ffo      '  ^  C  o  )  1-4 

Hue  aonnulUe  lacertas  pctrificaue  voca^,  ni  fallor, 
pertinent. 

7.  TYVOUTHUS  ferpmum:  Spec.  591. 

Sueth.  AftKYCK  lUEiL   spXrstekail  ai   ob^mslIg* 

TE. 

Gall.  Empreiktes  des  serpents. 

Germ   Sfuursteihe  vom  sculakgek* 

Hortim  lapiduni  mentionem  facit  Davila  Gcm/j  T. 
IlL  p*  2^2.  ex  GlaritZj  exi(HmaTeriin  quoque  boo  referri 
dcbcre  calcareos  Tburingicos^  in  quibus /^pMlsflEii  figurai 
fe  vidifle  contendit  Baumer  Min.  T«  IL  p.  191. 

Obf.  Plures  ampbiHoty^tbi  nobis  adhoe  ftint  ienoti ;  dnbfi 
vero  annon  ampbiitolitbus  rana^  cuius  mcotioDem  fecinos 
Spec.  585,  hue  potius  fit  rcfcrendas  guam  ad  ampMitlh 


§^  'S^^ 


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to<  C  o  J  •«  tit 

%  ICHTHYOLITHI.  IcHTHvitiE. 

Vetrificata  animalia  pifrium^    M.  R. 
ZooUtbi  pi/citim, 
8ueth«  St^nwandlape  fiskar. 

Gall.   ICHTHYOLITHES    OV    POJSSONS    PJITIUFI^S, 

Germ.  V£Mtei1^<ert£  fisohe. 

Sunt  pifccs,  five  integn  five  ad  partem,  pctrifica- 
ti  aut  muieralifati  ,  vel  quorum  typi  lapidibus  funt  im« 
*pr«(n.  Sub  criplici  itaque  occurrunt  facie  in  locis  fub* 
terrancis, 

imo.  Icbtbyolitbi  proprie  didi^qui  funt  pifccs  vel  eorun- 
dnm  partes  petrificat«« 

^do.  Icbtbyotypolfthi  funt  lapMes  in  quibus  nOHnifi  typi  & 
veftigia  pifcium  funt  rclifta. 

jtio.  Icbtbyolitbi  mineralifatiy  vocantur  pifces  foffiles  ful- 
phurea  &  metallica  materia  penetraU. 

I.  ICHTHYpLITHl 

Sncth.  Stenwandlade  fiskar/, 

Gall.    ICHTHYOLITHES    OU    POISSO^S  PETP^lFieS. 

Germ,  Versteinerte  fische^ 

Pifccs  intcgri  vere  petrificati  rariores  funt;  eorun- 
dcm,vcro  partes  &  oifa  frequentius  occurrunt,  pluri- 
mis  in  locis  in  Germania ,  Helvetia ,  Italia  &  alibi  ,  in 
lapidc  mMrgode  vel  fchifioh ,  rarius  gypfofo  ,  qui  a  typoli- 
this  pjfcium  &  eorundem  partium  in  eo  diftinfti ,  quod 
in  lapide  in  quo  fepulti  jacent,  ab  uno  latere  parum  ele- 
vati ,  ab  altcro  deprefTa  figura ,  fiffili  lapide  in  fuas  la- 
mellas  divifo ,  conrpiciuntur ,  atquc  ab  ipfo  lapide  fepa- 
riiri  poiTuuc. 

M  m  4  I,  ICH^ 


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1.  ICHTHYOUTHIp(/?/V/w  integrorum.  Ichthyolb. 

THI  INTEGRA  SpcC*   55^» 

Sueth.    StENWANDLAPE    HELA   FISKAR. 
Gall.    ICHTHYOI^ITHES  OU    PQI3SONS   P'EFEIFICS. 

Germ.  Verstkinirtb  gan2:e  fische, 

K  adores  bi  funt  lapidcs^  cxempla  tamen  Don  de* 
funt  pilcium  Iiitegrorum ,  corum  inpriniis  ,'  qui  Jquamxi 
prsditi,  petrificacorum^  aliquando  Wcct  Jquama  dc(inr, 
carnc  tamcn  rcmancnfc  pctrcfafika.  Si  non  fcrapcr,  plc« 
runique  tamcn »  inveniuocur  corporc  flcxo ,  &  ore  apcr- 
to.  ScHEucHZER  I^Jc.  (dyer.  8f  Vindicita  Tab.  II.  111. 
&  IV  Tr,  MAN  Rar,  N.if  A:  Tab.  XU.  Nro.  24. 
Davila  Cat,  T.  Ill  Tab.  IV,  Leibnihus  ia  Prp|og.  f. 
as^.  &  53.  Tab.  11 

gar.  BERTKAKD^ia  DiCf.  Or.  &ib  titalo  BeUmnit.  f.  74.  vat. 
ht.rk.  plures  cQumerat  pifces  cunv  carue  pctrificatos  ,  ii 
divcr&&  lichophylacUs  |>raefentcs<, 

A.  ICHTHYOLITHI  capitum  pifcium.      Spec,    y^j. 
Sueth.  St£Nwandlai>£  fiskupwuden* 

Gall.  T^TES   IXE   FOISSQNS  PETRIFt^ES. 

Germ.  Verstei^erte  FiscfiKopFE^ 

Reperiuntur  capita  pifcium  rariflimc  integra  «  cuti 
carne,  mandibnlis,  dentibus  &  oculis>  fsepius  carne  9c 
una  deficientc' maxilla  auc  alia  quadam  parte.  OcuU  in 
bis  capicibus »  ubi  praefentes  inveniuntur  ^  colore  funt  al< 
^ bo.  miafi  codi  eflent,  atque  9  lapide  in  quo  funt  recon* 
ditt)  feparari  peflunt.  cfr.  Monti  ki  Manum.  Diiuv.  in 
agr^  BontnuenR  reperto. 
3.  iCHTHYOLrTHI  kmncbianm  pifcium.  Spec  594. 

Sueth  StenwakdLade  fiskgelar. 

Gall.   OuiES  DE  POiSSONS  PETRlFieEi. 
Germ.  VeRSTEXNERTE    FlSCUFLOSFEOERNt 

Iconem  hufus  jetrificati  exhibec  Scheuchzer  m 
Qir^  ^  Find.  KJc.  Tab,  UK  ex  Marcbionatu  Badenfi. 

4.  ICH- 


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3,  ICH^HYOLITHl  caudarum  piftium.    Spec,  595. 

Sueth,  Stenwandlape  fiskstifrtar. 
Gall.  Queues  de  poissoks  petrifi^es. 
Germ.  Versteinerte  fischschwjenze. 

Dc  his  ichthyollthis  cfr*  Lister  Litbotbioh  p.  Cl6* 
ScHEucHZER  Spec^  Litbo.  f.  40*  ^ 

J,  ICHrHYOLITHI  offium  ptfcium.    Xyiostea  pi- 
sciuM.  Spec,  596^ 

Sucth,  Stenwandlade  fiskben. 
Gall.  ArStes  de  poissoNs  petrifi^es* 
Germ.  Versteinerte  nscHCRiETEN^ 

^  Sunt  ofla  pifcium  ,  vcl  Integra  totius  fccleti  ,  vel 
quarundem  partium  vel  &  e^rundcm  io  fragmenta  ipa« 
jora  aut  minora  divifa ,  ^n  lapideam  duririem  aliquando 
Jiliceam  mutata ,  auas  frcquenciora  funt  nonnullis  fh  lo- 
cis  ip  margode ,  jcbifto  nonnullibi  &  in  gjpjo. 

(a)  Xylostea  pifcium  imegra.  Ichthyouthi  scele- 

TORUM  PISCIUM. 

In  ScHEUcHZERi  Qji.  B*  Vind. y.  Tab.  K'&U.  con- 
fpiciuntur  Integra  fceleta.  piTcium  pctriBcata*  De 
Iccleto  balen(e  cfr.  Mijceil  Berotin.  p.  136. 

(b)  Xylostea.  vertehtMrum  pifcium.  Ichtbyospondt* 
LI.     Verubrella. 

Inveniuntur  vertebrae  pifciuni  vel  fcpararim  vel  con- 
jundim,  cum  vel  fine  fpinis»  pe(rificacae.  cfr«  Ac. 
'  SciLLA  V,  Soectd.  Tab.  XVUl  fig.  i.  a*  3.  4.  s^ 
LuiDius  m  titbo&r.  Brit.  p.  %i^  Epiteme  Tran/l 
Pbihf  II.  f  io»  Baier  Or.  Nor.  p.  ag-  Lessek 
LitbotbepK  p.  614.  Daviia  Cat.  T.Ut  p«  aig. 
^c)  Xylostea  mandibtdarum  pi/Hum. 

Cft.  LuiDius  in  Litb.  Briu  No,  1594.     Scheuch- 
zer  in  Qjt.  ^  Vind.  fife.  p.  ti.  Tab.  Ill,      lus- 
siEU  in  A^^  Purif.  1711.  p.    13^^    Nupcr  quoque 
M  m  f ^  ^       re-    - 


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relatnm  eft  ,  itifodinisppR  ad  Mommarire  in  GaU 
Ha  ,  rcpcttam  cue  mandiDUiam  &  maxillam  cum  deo- 
tibus  ex  l%oca.  cfr.  infupcr  Davila  Cat.  T*  Ih.  f. 
214.  ai6. 
(d;  /iYLQSTEAjpinartim  tifcium^ 
Cfr.  ScHEUCHZER  Qt;.  St  V.  Pi/c^  Tab.  HI 

(c)  XvLOSTEA  offtculorum  caputs  vel  aliarum  partim 
pi/cium. 
,    Cfr*  BouRGVET.  Tr.  dts  Petrif.  Jab.  LIX.   f.  43J. 
JussiEu  in  A3.   Parif.    1721.     Hue  cxiftimaverim 
talenoftea  connumcrari  pofTe ,  qus  a  Luidio  in  U- 
tbopb*  Brit,  appellantur  xyloftea  l^mellofct  Nro,  1595. 
quae  funt  ofla  e,x  balenis. 
(f)  Xylqstea  ex  fragmentis  offium  pifcium. 
Horum  cxcmpla  adfcrunt  pluw  Jussxev  1.  c.  &  Da- 
vila Cat.  T.  IIU 

9ibf.  De  pircibus  foffilibus  uberius  confuli  pbiTunt  GottFiu 
VoiGT  in  Dijfift,  de  pijcihus  foffii  If  volat^  ^^^  ScheuGH- 
ZER  in  Tr,  quer.  Zf  vifktica  pifi.  ,  %, 

^,  lC\lTH\OL\T\lldentiumMCutorumpifcium. Glosso- 
TR/E.  Spec.  J97. 

Icbtbyod^ntes  cufpiStti.   Acautbiodontes  Luidxi. 
^  Ormtboglojfie. 

AmpbibioUtbus  dentis  fquali,    v,   LiNNif  ifg.  €. 
Sueth.  Ormtungor. 

Gall.  GlOSSOPETRES  OU  LaNGUES  DE$  SERPSKf. 

Germ.  Schlamgenzuncen^ 


Sunt  lapide»  fonna  conica  vel  pjrramrdali  plus 
nus  compreua,  fcilicet^  a  bafi  lation  in  plus  miaus  a* 
CBtum  verticcm  (c  cerminantcs^  maiginibus  iarrads,  aii- 
ouando  int^risi  cum  bafi  int^ra  aut  bifurcata^  fuper- 
ncie  nitidat  glabra ,  colore  albo,  grifeo^  flavo  aut  fii- 
feQ»  bafi  autem  at  piurimum  colore  obfcuriori  vd  iu« 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


grcrccnte  fubftantia,  in  mucrbne   folida  compa£bi ,  in 
luperficrc  quafi  cornea ,  in  meditullio  autem  fibrefa^ 

(a)  Glossopetr/e  triangulares  majores ,  viar^ntfer^ 
•    rato^    Lamiodontes. 

Dens  carcbarict  maximus  ferratus  wektenfis.  Schu/ch* 

ZER  Qy.  ^  Vind.  P.  p.  19.  Tab.  Ill  ^^^ 

Simt  figura  triangular!  ,  (spins  cum  radicet^ccegra 
vel  bifurcata,  laccribus  redis,  mucrone  obtufo.  Ac* 
ScittA  Van.  Spec.  Tab.  V.f.  1.  %  ^Tab.  VI  f.  i 
BoccoN  Obf.  314.  LuiDH  Utb.  Brit.  Nro.  la^. 
BaORGVET  Tr.  des  Petrify  Tab.  LVl,  fig*  390. 
KuNDMAN  Ran  N.  &  A.  Tab.  V.  f.  2.  3. 

(b)  Glossopetr^  triangulares ,  marginibus  reffis^  in- 
tegrii. 

Dens  pi/cis  maximus  era  non /errata.  '  Scheuchzer* 
(Jiu  ^Vind.  pifc.  p.  19.  T.  Ill 

Figura  &  hi  func  criangulari ,  mucrone  gaudentes  ali« 
cjujndo  obtufo  ^  aliquando  niagis  acuto ;  unde  & 
hue  rcfcrri  potcft ,  dens  pi/cis  triangularis  in  acumen. 
definens  hineburgenfis  y  cujus  iconem  dedic  Scheuch* 
ZER  1.  c. 

tl/  AG.  scii>iA  in  Van.  Spec,  contcndlt  hos  dcntcs  cffc  cr 
pirdbus^  canieolsvtl  vacca  Italia  vocatis,  ifgmm  cgrcbm^e 
nonnifi  ferratia  gaudent  dentibua* 

(c)  GtossoPETRiE  conica  cu/pidata  lingua  aut  ro/lr0 
avium  fimiles.  Ornithoglossa.  Gracirrbynci. 
LuiDii* 

Vens  pi/cis  recurvus  teretior.  ScHEVCHaiR  I  c-  p» 
21.  Tab.  Ul. 

Sunt  corvca  figura  .  cnfpidatis  lateribus  redis,aUs  p^* 
tius  lingua'^  aUsro/?ro avium  fimiles.  LuiDii  Litb^ 
Br.  Nro.  1260  &  1166.  Bourgvet  Tr.  des  Pe^ 
trif.  Tab.  LVT.  f.  3^^.  Langii.  Hift.  Lap.  Fig. 
Tab.  X.  f,  I.    KuNDMAN  Rar.  N,  8r  A.  Tab,  V. 

_f.  4.  . 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


55«  fwCo)i«t 

(d)  Glos$opitr-«  pyraffnJaUs  f  mucrone  reftexo.  S^ 

LiqiJASTRA.    Cannula.    Ricini. 

Sua  figura  complanata   &  fere  parallelogrammatics, 

filiquiiftro  accedunt ,    uadc   &   oomen  obrinucruq^, 

"^l  hpinorum  imQcxxi   &  valvulis  (imjle^  ,    undc  & 

^^'VUiUi  Yocantur  a  L vidio  &  ad  ichtbyodonfes  foh 

.^  5^10/  rcfccuntur.    Luidii.L/VA^  Brit.  Nro*  1440, 

\  r445.  1448/ If  II.    BouRGVET  Tr.  de$  Vittif.  Tab. 

LVl.  f.  386.    Langii  E.  Lap.  Fig,  Tab,  X.  i.  Va- 

LENTiNi  Mu/.  MuJ.  p.  h  p^  65.  T.  4^ 

(c)  GLOSsopETRiB  r©«;Vi?  r^curva^  forma  falcis.  Fal* 

CATUli?, 

Ihniptjcii  fal^tui  ^  /erraius.,  Scheu€HZ£R  U  c- 
1 1.  Tab.  III.  Gracibrrbyncbus  falcatus  vuigarts^  oh 
jus  fpecimina  vel  dexirorfym  vH  finiftror/um  faUaw 
fur.  LuiDii  Lisb,  Brit.  1164.  i265'  cfz.  Boui- 
GVHT  Ir.  des  Petri f.  Tab.  LVl.  f.  agf,  Volci- 
riAV  Sil.  Sul^t.  Tgl^.  XXVI.  10. 

(f)  GtossoPETiCuE  conica  r^ffie,  minpres  ^  forma  den- 
fium  acutorupi^    Luciodontes.   Qonicbtbyodomes. 
Sunt  forma  dcntium  pifcis  Lucii.  cft^  Bourgvet  Tr. 
Jej  Petrif.  Tab.  LVl.  fig,  388*  391- 

Oi^  A  divcxfitate  honim  dentiun^  eluceroei^  arbftror  noi 
omnes  ab  uno  eodemque  pircia  ^ere  Aiat  habere  pofleiu- 
talcs.    Ag.  Sc  ill  a.  in  Van.  Specul.  exi^^ttM/^rratss^ 

I  Jopetras  rfle  dentes  pifcis  eanhariM^  teliquos  vero  a  cmuak 
&  'vacca  Aiam  habere  origincm.  Uobil.  vok  Lihke  ifi- 
cit  etiam  dentes  efle  fnuali  ad  quod  ^enua  nomiajiti  pUcei 
pertinent^ 

Ex  advcrfo  Hewckel  Ia.FA>f.  Sati.  p.  <39«  fre^  duUt^de 
horum  lapidum  orlgine  a  dentibus  pMauin ,  qiltun  lit  ia 
loda  ubi  reperiuntur^nunquam  alte  pi^rtes  olTeaepifchimfr 
ve  a  mandibulia  five  a  mai^iUia  peerificat*  adhue  lint  tcp«ts 
nifi  rariffime^  &  ea  fit  horum  lapidum  eopia « inprimia  co- 
rundem  qui  omitbogkn'M  noiiiine  ireniunt  ut  ImpoflSbUe  v^ 
detur  hds  omncs  lapides  ut  dentes  petrificatos  eoneipere,  fi- 
ne ullo  alius  oflls  pifcium  veftigio.  His  momentia  addit 
KuKDMAif  in  Kar.  Nat.  &*  M.  p<  86*  boa  diftoi  lapides 

ea 


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ta  ^DO^  repcriri  faepe  magnitudinc,  ut  dcntes  &  carclarU 
ft  allorum  pifcium  longc  &  quain  maxime  fiipcrcnt ,  imo, 
Impoffibilitcr  dar!  dcntcs  pifcium  ca  mole  &  magnitudine 
qua  gloflbpctrsB  faepius  invcniuutur ,  fcilicct  latitudioc  in 
bafi  4-  pollicum>  ft  pondcrc  i8»  20.  ft  21  lothonis. 

His  raomcntisopponitur  CO  hos  dcntcj  maxlmam  habere  fiw. 
)rnilftudincm  cum  dentibus  pifcium ,  ut  probe  obfervavit  AG, 
SciLL/v  1.  c.  Co)  Eoadem/ubipiirioresreperiuntur^eadcia 
in  ignc  cxhibere  phoenomena,  ut  alia  offa  animalium,  qua 
eaUinatione  primum  nigrefcunt,  deindc  in  calcem  ft  rw- 
fw.vcrtuntur,  ut  cxpcrtus  eft  Bocgon  in  Kecb.  &»  Ohjl 
Epift^  XXIX.  p.  3 14.  l/i,  jitque  defUllatione  praebcnt  Jal  vo^ 
latiU^  fpiritum  V  cUum^  Ut  obfcrvavit  WooD\«rARDinH(j»- 

Prolixius  dc  gJoffopetris  fcripfcrunt,  Casp.  BARtHOLti^irt 
de  glojfopetrit.  Ou  Wormi  u s  de  ^/o/oprfriV.  Thom» 
Bartholu'us  in  E^ift.  Med.  Cent  I.  Epyl  LVll  Fab.Co- 
LUWNA  de  gloffopetris  ,  biftorxcs  ftitpium  ^at.  anneto  traHaiu 
Paul  Boccon  Kecbtrches  {y  Obf.  J.  R£isk£  dc  gloffope- 
iris  Tunebwgenflnii.  J.  D.  Geijer  de  gloffopetrif  alzeienfi^ 
bus.  LEiBNiTius  in  ttotog.  p,  47.  ftc.  defcripfit  ^ Jo//b- 
fetras  iuneburgenfts  ft  melitenfes  atquc  Tab.  VI.  depinxit 
iuncburgenjis ,  melitenfes  ft  jandavienjesr^ 

7;  iCUtWOLlTlXl  Jemim  Mokrk^  ficFO- 

Nixiv  Spcc^  598. 

'Jcbtbyodontes  fcniellati.    LuiDXi/ 
€Arapamna.     Mercati^    Crapau^init. 
CbeUniiai    PatracbUce^    Cbeloniia.  odMlopetrx. 
Icbtbyolubus  deniismolaris  anartbicba.  v.  Linn6  1^9^  ^. 

Suctll.'*pADDSTE;^AR.      BuFONIT£&. 

Gall.  BuPONiTES*    Crapaudines. 

Gcriir.  KrStensteike.     Bufoniten.     FftoscHSTEi* 

l^E.      ScHLANGENAUGfeN. 

Sunt  lapides  minores  fpiixrici  aut  hcmifphaericit 
aliquando  oculis  avium  vel  ferpentum  (imiles  ,  iiiterdum 
ovales  &  concavi  forma  Tcaphac,  colore  divcrfo,  ut  plu- 
rimum  grifeo ,  fufco.,  caftaneo  rubentc  vel  atro  rubcntc. 
aliquando  &  in  zonis  Yariegato  1  cxtriafcce  nitentes  quafi 


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fS8  t><'Co)Kf 

politi ,  parum  maculofi^  magnitudinc  unguis  aut  oculi  im* 
jorc  Tcl'minorL 

Ca)  BuFONiT-a  orhiculares.  Bufonit-«  orbiculati. 

Sunt  forma  orbiculari  vel  popus  bemifphaerica ).  fupe- 

rius  convex! ,  inferius  plaai.   cfr.  Ac.  ScillA  Vaiu 

Spec,  Tab,  U.  f.  V.    Valentini  Muf.  Muf.  P.  L 

p*  ^3-    JussiBU  vdl  AB.  Pari/.  1723.  p,  210.  lai, 

(b)  BuFONiTiC  ovales^  concavi  fortna  fcapba.  Bufo- 
NiTiE  SCAPHOIDES.  BufofHtes  coficovus  fivr  inftoT 
capfula  glandis  quercina.    AB.  AngL  ;ioo.  pi  7f  0. 

Sunt  figura  fcrc  ovaliy,  concavi  forma  (etc  fcapbam^ 
nima.  Bourgvet  Tt.  des  Peirif.  Tab.  LVl,  6g. 
396.    Gesner  dc  ifirV  Lap^  f.  i6i. 

(c)  BuFOi^iTiE  cculoruifi  inftar  convexi.  Oculi  SEi- 
pentum.     Oculi  avium.    Cbelidonii  lapides. 

Sunt  lapides  fpbaerici  vel  hemifphaerici  minorcs,  co« 
lore  rubente  cum  macula  in  convexa  parte  pnpO- 
lam  refcrente  ,  vel  zonis  diverforum  colorum  pr«» 
did ,  unde  ut  oculi  funt  confiderati  vel  Jerpentum  vi 
Maltha  vc;l  avium  iri  Hajfia.  Appellantur  a  non- 
nuUis  lapides  birundinwn  vel  cbelidonii^  non  conffan- 
dcndi  cum  cbelidmiis  mineralibus  Spec.  136.  inter 
achat  as  dcfcriptis.  cfn  Ans^  Boenus  i  Boot  ^ 
Gemm.  ^  Lap.  L.  11.  cap.  170.  Lance  HiJiPr.  La{* 
Figur. 

(d)  BuFONiT^  rbomhidales^lcmnrvEKiiE.  Rbatt 
Hfci  acanthiodonti  congener  ad  Ichtbyolitbos  JcuteHi- 
tos  pertinet.    LuiDii  lirZu  Br.  1411. 

Sunt  figura  rhomboidali ,  cubica  aut  magis  irr^ub- 
ri,  ut  plurimum  complanata,  de  caetcro^  fua  figu- 
ra ad  gloffopetras ,  Siliquaflra  vocatas  C  Spec.  S9^: 
lit.  e.)  acccdunt.     Vidcntrur  effc  dentes  molar es  fi- 
fcium; 

•b/.  I, 


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Google 


t)^  (  O  )  K|  J59 

Uf.  i.  An  nux  cajldnfa  BQttkbri  ad  dcntes  fcutellatoa  fit 
referenda,  in  medium  reIinquo»  ^cfit. Spec. 4^0. OhJ]  12O 

Qlf.  2.  Hqs  lapides  fliam  origioem  debere  dentibus  molaribus 
pifcium  >  fareo ,  orata .  (y  ientato  Italis  v6catorum  ,  ufi 
contendit  Ac.  8c  ill  a  in  Van,  Spa.  dc  plurimis  negari  non 
poteft  ,  non  tamen  de  omnibuft  affirmari.  Jussi£u  inifiL 
Ptffi/.  1723.  /.  r»,  contendit  bufonitas  proprie  fic  didos  efle 
dentes  pifcis  ^allice  grondeur.  N.  voh  Linn(5  dnsnhic^ 
geheri  «feu  lupo  marino  attribuit.  Nos  opinamur  y  hof  den- 
tes  fcutellatos,  ut  diverfa  reperiuntur  figura  &  magnitu* 
dine^  fic  quoque  a  diverfia  pifcium  forflan  &  aliquando  alio- 
rum  animalium  dentibus  fuam  agnofcere  originem.  Dc  h^ 
fonitis  in  fpccie  f  cfir*  C  G.  FiscuSR  de  otitis  ^  hfonitis 
^gri  prufficu 

8.  ICHTHYOLITHl  cornu  contmt  monocerotis.  Uni- 

COKKU  FQSSILE*  .  SpcC   599 

Sueth.  Grafwet  horn  af  enhSrming* 
CralL    Cornb.de  narv^hl  fossile. 
Germ.  Gegrabene  hSrner  pes  wallfisches  har- 
Wahl. 

Eft  hoc  cornu  contortam ,    fpira  a  dcxtra  ia  fini* 

firum  flcxa  prsditum  ^  longitudine  aliquando  binamai  ul* 

narum,  plus  minus,  figura  conica  reda^  repertum  foffile 

in  Siheria.  cfr.  G.  Gmblins  Reifiiurcb  Sihrien?.  III. 

p.  161.  &c. 

Dtf>  Hoc  cornu  verum  eft  Vnicamu  foffle  ubi  in  terra  fe« 

pidtum  reperitur,  non  ideoque  confondendum  cum   tVon 

joJJUi  y  vel  cum  cornubus  aut  dentibus  aliorum  animaliun^ 

^uadrupedum, pf out  plerumque  fieri  folet.  cfir.  Ahdr.Bac^ 

clus   de  monoccrote  Jiu  unic$rnu  ejus  que  admkmndis  ,virihis. 

Cs^.  Bartbolinus  de   unteomu  fijilu      J.   L.  BauschiuS 

de  unicomu  foffili.      De   coma  momi:erotis  Quedlinbufga  ef- 

foflb ,  de    quo    loquitnr   Le  ibhitius  in  ?rotog.  f^ 

63.  &c.  &  depinxit  Tab.  XIL    dubii  Aimus  annoa  hue 

referri  poteft. 

X.    ICHTHYOTYPOLITHI,      Ttpolxthi    piscium. 

Ichtbyomorpbi.  * 


Sqechi, 


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i6m  '     »hCo)i^ 

Sueth.  FiSKskif WRAR.    SpXi^stekar  af  fiskai. 
Gall;  Empr£INT£$    de    poissons.       Arpoxsses  ds 

POISSONS^ 

Germ.  Fischschiefer.    Spuhrste'ine  vok  fisch£n, 

Sunt  Upides  fiffilcs ,  fcbiftofi  vd  margbdes  raro  cd^ 

caret   in   quibus  typi  pKcium   integroruni  vcl  cofuudem 

partiumaut  offium  iunc  inrciilpci  vd  impreffi)  typo  vd 

dcprclfo  caro ,  vcl  fupcrficiafi. 

9.  TYPOLITHI  pifcium  integrorum.  Spec^  600. 

Sue  h.    FiSCHSKIFWER  MED  jpIr  AF  HKLA  FISXAR. 

Gall.  Empreintes  de  poissoks  entiers. 

Germ*  Fischschiefer  mix  abdrDcken  von  ganzek 

FISCHEN. 

Sunt  Izoldcs  fcbiftofi  qui  intcj^ros  exhibent  pifces,  ab 
uno  latere  lapidfo  in  lamellas  fiw,  plerum^uc  figura  d^ 
prefTa,^  cava,  inasquali  veto  cum  oriainah  figura  &  ma* 
gnitudinc »  nonnunquam  &  cura  vefiigiis  fquaroarum  rdi- 
cHs,  ab  altero  autem  latere  oppofito  fuperfieialem  folom 
figuram  corundem  pifcium*  Hujusmodi  typi  raro  niii  io 
Jcbifio  obfcuro  aut  cuprifero  reperiri  folent,  ad  Etslekoh 
Hmenau,  &c. 

ID.  TYPOLITHI  caudarum  pifcium.  Spec.  601^ 

Sueth.  FiSCHSKIFWER     UBD^  AFTRTCK    AF    EISKSTUt 
TAR. 

Gall.  Empreintes  de  c^ueue  de.  poissons.       *' 
Germ«  Fischschiefer  mit    abdrUcxen  von  fiscs- 
schwXnzen. 

Huji^s  typolithi ,  cauds  pifcb  cufusdam «  mcntioocfn 
facit  Davila  CafaL  T.  UU  p*  213.  Nro.  aga. 

II.  TYPOLITHI  offtum  fijfiim.  Spec   60a. 

Suetb.    FiSKSKirWBK    HBI^    AFTRrCX   SLLBR   SPaR   ai 

-      FISXBSN« 

GalL 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Gall.  Emprexntes  des  ar4tes  m  poissons* 

Germ.    FiSCHSCHlEFER    MIT    ABDRUCKEN  VON   7ISCH. 
GRiETEN. 

Rcperluiuur  oflfa  pifcium  in  fiflilibus  lapidibus  mar^^ 
gaceis  typis  cxprcffa ,  raro  quidcm  intcgrorum  fccletorumt 
Frcqucniius  vcr.o*quarundam  partium ,  figura  vcl  dcpreffa, 
Tel   fuperficiaii  9  vel  utroque  modo  ia  lameUis  pppoii- 
ds. 
(z^  TY?0Lnm  fceletorum  pi/ciim. 

Excmpla  adfcrt  Scheuchzer  in  Qji.  £3*  Find.  'Pifcium 
'    &  Da  VILA  in  Catai.  T^  111.  p.  2io»  &c.  Baumer  ia 
MimT.lLf.  7. 

(b)  Typolithi  vertelrarum  pifcium^ 

Hi  nonnunquam  Tub  icbtbyofpond^H  nomicie  defcribi 
folcnc. 

(c)  Typolithi  mandihulaYum  pifcium. 
Reperiuntur  cum  vel  fine  veftigiis  dentium. 

(d)  Typqlithi  fpinarum  pifcium. 

(c)  Typolithi  ojjiculorum  capitvm  pifcium  velaliarim 
partium^ 

H.  TYPOLITHI  glojfopetrarum  ^  ajiorum  demium  pu 

Jcium.  Spec.  603. 

Sueth.  Sp&rstckar  ae  ormtumgor  eller  eisstIk-* 

DER» 

Gall.  Empreintes  de  qlossojpetres  6v  de  dent^ 

DE    POISSONS. 

Germ.  AsDRacKE  vok  schlakgeN-oder  CiscHZ,ta<« 

KEK. 

Hufusmodi  typi  in  calcareis  lapidibus  aliouanda 
#oafpiciuntur^  Typolithum  gloflbpetrs  delioeavic  AO^ 
SciLLA  Van.  Spec.  Tab.  V,  fig.  !!•  B.      - 

T^m.U^  No  3.ICH« 


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3.  ICHTHYOLITHI  MINERALISATL 

Mimralia  larvata^    Ckonstedt  \.  a8o. 

Sueth.  MiNFRALlSERADK   FISKAR< 
Gall.    POISSONS    MINERALISES, 

Germ.  Miner ALisiRTH  fischen. 

Sunt  vclicblhyolitbi  CNro.  i.)  vcl  icbibyatypoUfU 
Nro.  ^.  fulphurca  &  mctallica  matctia  pcnetrati  &  iinpM- 
giiati. 

15,    ICHTHYOLITHI  JAVt^KAtlSATI  pyrUkoJi.  Spec 
^  604. 

SuCth.   KlESHAtTIGE   FISKSKIFWER. 
GalL  ICHTHYOLITES  PtRITEUSES. 

Gcrnu  Kieshaltiger  fischschiefer* 

Pyriticofa  ofla  pifcium  rcpcriri  in  Normannia  indici- 
vit  Davila  Cat.  T,  Ilk  p.  5118.  &  ^19-  i^cpcru  quoquc 
in  EisUben. 

Id.     ICHTHYOLITHI   MINERALISATX   CUpfei.      Spec 

6Cf. 

Cbalcopyrites  icbtbyoUthL 

Sueth.. KopPARHALxacER  fiskskifweR. 

Gall.  ICHTHYOLITES  CUIVREUSE4> 

Germ.  Kupferhaltiger  fischschiefer. 

Rcpcriuntur  hujusmodi  pifccs  in  fodinis  Mansfell 
Eishben,  Franckenberg  y  Ofterode  m  Germania,  &  aliU 
prout  &  indicavimus  Spec.  353.  inter  mineras  cuprt. 

Ohfervationes  circa  ichthyolitbifs^ 

Ohf.  I.  JuRta  obfcrVtUoncg  ublvis  inftltutaft,  compcrtumcj} 
(a)  lehttyoUtbos  pifciumque  tyfos  nonnifi  In  lapidis  aut  )* 
ftoj!  aut  margodu  fupcrficic  comparcrt  ^  idque  ccrtii  foli^ 
in  locis  ubl  hujusmodi  lapidcs  rcperiutitur^  alibi  ad  ^ 
gnam  fupra  occanl  llncam  horizontalam  altitudfncBi ,  w 
null!  olim  lacus  &  null*  plfcin*  Miiterc  potucnmr  »al*J 
profnndius  in  montlum  ftratis  fepulti ,  magna  Azonisi  « 
lapidum  mole  tefti.  _ 


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(b)  Pifces  ho8  foffiles,  fi  non  omncs,  plerosque  tamcnt  t^ 
pcriri,  non  eo  fitu  quo  natare  &  fe  flcdere  folentyfed  uno 
incumbentes  late:ri  plus  minus  horizontaliicr,  corpore  tamcn 
ilexo  &  ore  aptrto ,  quafi  limo  iovoluci  fe  erigere  voluif- 
fent  &  aquam  captare  ^  prout  aquis  czemti  &  in  terram 
projedi  ftccre  folent. 

(c)  In  quantum  hi  pircea  integri  reperiuntur  &  ab  originali 
agnofcl  poirunt,  videntur  utplurimum  c0e  lacuftrts^  undo 
Donniilli,  iiiipriinis,Scip.MAFFEi  occadonem  nafti  Tuntfta- 
tuere,  non  alios  quam  lacuilres  dari  pifces  foifiles;  quibua 
tamen  contradicic  Lkibnitius  in  frotog  p.  30.  alTerens  ie 
vidifle  marini  generis  pifces  fodiles ,  utpote  raiam ,  bultcem^ 
^  lamfetramy  quiqus  offa  baUnarum  licet  fra&a  addi  poflfunt 
&  plura. 

(d)  Magis  mirandum,  vidctur  Icbtbplitbos  if  icbtbyotypolUbot^ 
ubi  io  montibus  reperiuntur,  ad  maximam  partem  effede 
uno  oodcmque  genere  accumulates  ingentlcopia,  raro  cum 
pifcibiM  ex  alio  genere  commixtos.  In  fcbifio  i^igro  glare^ 
nenfi^  Eislebienfi  &  MMbacenfi  ^  reperiuntur  pWowewx  ,  mir- 
danaj  feu  anptilU^  xiphsa  feu  padius  vix  alii^  in  MansftU 
denfi^  ejfox  £?•  cyprinut.  Jn  margoie  Pappenbemenfi  montlt 
tibanty  Bavi^rsenji  ^   Oeningtnfi  ^  occurrunt  effox  (cu  fuciua^ 

Jcarus  ^  pUuroneSlii  ^ /comber  y  tfigU.  cfr.  N»  von  LiNwe 
&fffl.  Nat.  T»  III.  p.  159.  ForHin  hod  dependet  a  focia- 
litate^  quam,  ut  reliqua  animalia,,  pifces  affrftant  taoi 
CO  tempore ,  quo  Aios  habent  ludos ,  quam  ubi  extraor* 
dinarii  ft  violenti  motus  in  aquis  cxcitantur,  quo  cafU 
terrore  congregantor.  Hii|o  & ,  ni  fallor ,  tam  ingens  6o« 
pia  glojfopetrarum  &  bufoniturum  eertis  &  diftinftis  in  locif 
occurrit. 

^)  Nee  minori  admiratione  dignum  y  eiusmodi  pifces  non* 
nullibi  fofliies  reperiri  qui  hoe  tempore  in  aquis  iftorumIo« 
eorum  non  habitant,  quod  Scheuchzer  in  Or,  Heiv  p, 
133.  &  InQu,  If  Vind.  Pijc.  «.  n.  &  27.  obfervavit.  Con- 
fentanea  hato  eic  obiervatio  cum  iis  quae  in  antecedenti- 
bus  diximus  de  pbytotypolitbis  Obf.  2,  lit,  d.  atquedecofiriy- 
liis  petrifieatis  Obf.  6. 

Cf)  Pifces  hos  foifilcs  dicunt  plurimi  in  fcbifio  nigro  &  mc- 

tallifero  reperiri  infrgros  pctrificatos  ycl  miaeralifatos;  in 

mofgode  autcm  &  cakareo  lapide  nonnifi  xyloftea  pifcium  in« 

veniri,quum  a  ealcaica  materia  camciacoicodicziicimant* 

Nad  Hm 


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5^4  tH(o)rtJ 

Hoc  impugn^re  nonpoflumus,  limul  tarnen  credimus,  A 
zcido  littriolico  vtlfulpbure^  in  fchifio  Bigro  &  meCallifeio 
prsfence  carnofam  partem  melius  conftrvari^ 

0^  2*  Ab  allatis  in  Obf,  i.  momentis  coneludi  pofle  eziffi- 
mamus  pifces  in  lapidibus  foffilibus,  eandem  cum  (kusho- 
diemi  fchidofi  lapldia  Iiabere  originem»  Quae  ideoque  de 
fcbifii  lapidis  orlginc  &  fitu  bodicrno  ftint  difta  in  ohfat. 
defcbi/lo  3.  heic  quoque  locum  habeot)  &  ab  his  phs&o* 
meals  conflrmantur. 


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8.  ORNITHOLITHI.  G"^*?. 

Peirificata  animaUa  avium.  M.  R* 
i  '      Sueth,  Stenwandlade  foglar.  i 

Gall.  Ornitholithes  pu  oiseaux  petrifies.      ^ 

Germ.  Versteinerte  vogeu 

•"    -^ 

Avuini  carundemque  partlum  pctrificationcs  funt  ra- 
riflimae;  picraque  ctenim  quae  fub  hoc  titulo  defcribi  lo- 
lent  pecriticata  nonnifi  ad  incniftata  funt  referenda;  in- 
terea  tamcn  non  poffumus  non  hoc  a  pctrificatis  pauper* 
rimum  genus  in  tria  fubdividerc  genera  iafcriora. 

Ca3  ORNITHOLITHI  proprie  fie  difti,  fiint  aves  vel co- 
rum  partes  petrificatae. 

(b)  ORNiTHOTypoLiTHi,  fuHt  lapidcS  qui  figuram  aut 
typum  avuim  vel  earuni  partium  cxhibent. 

(c)  ORNITHOLITHI  mineralijati  ^  Aint  aves  vel  carura 
partes  materia  falina  vel  fulphurea  penetratae  &  indu- 
ratae»  -  ' 

1.  ORNITHOLITHI  \     . 

Sueth.  Stenwandlade  foglar. 
;  *     Gall.  Des  oiseaux  petrifics*  - 

-  Germ.  VersYeinerte  vSgel. 

i^  ORNITHOLITHI  aw^wZ/zfegnrorfom.  Spec.  60^. 
OrnitholUhus  totalis,  v.  Linnc  1^7.  i^ 

Sueth.  Stenwandlade  foglar. 
Gall.  Des  oiseaux  petrifics. 
Germ.  Versteinerte  v6gel. 

•  Nonnulla  ab  auBorihus  allata  habemus  hujus  petri- 

ficationis    excmpla.    J,    W.   Valvasor   in  Ebre  Jes 

Herzogtb.  Crain.  R  /,  p.  ^7^.    refert  aviculam  in  nido 

€vis  incubantcm,  &  cum  his  in  lapidem  matatam^  cflc  re* 

I-  N  n  j  per* 


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pcttam  in  montibus  Carniolae.  Jac.  a  Msttt  in  epijf.  it 
eci^^nrtis  Tpigricis  aflfcrit  in  mari  danico  juxta  Uiitcam 
inventuni  ettc  ramum  in  quo  nidus  &  aves  in  nido  cod* 
vcrli  cranr  in  lapidcs.  cfr.  Buttner  in  Rut,  Oil  Teji.  p. 
,187  ,Scd  haw:  &  plura  hujusmodi  cxcmpla  in  medium  re- 
Hnqiumus;  dubii  an  ad  incrufiata,  wl  injalita^  vd  ad 
figufatos  lapides  fint  referenda* 

^.  ORNITHOLITHI  plumarum  avium.      Spec.  607. 

Sueth.  Stbnwandlade  fogelfiIdrar. 
Gail.  Des  plumes    petrificss. 
Germ   Versteinerte  fidern. 

Si  integrac  dantur  aves  pctrificat«,  nccefle  eft  den* 
tnr  ctiam  plumae  petrificat«»  Notandnm  vero  quod  plo- 
rima  fi  non  omnia  qu«  allegari  folent  cxcmpla,  ad  opo- 
litbos  fhmarum  funt  referenda. 

3.  ORNITHOLITHI  womm  avium.     OotiTHi  avi- 

um. Spcc.6o^ 

Sueth.  Stenwandlade  vogelXgg. 
Gall.  Oeufs  petrifies. 
Germ.   Versteinirte  eter. 

Pf«ter  excmplum  a  Valvasor  aUatum  nidi  amum 
turn  ovis  pctrilicati,  cfr.  Spec,  imamadictt  Buttner  in 
Rud.  Diluv.  Teftih.  p.  aig*  aliud  nidi  avium  cum  ovispc- 
trificati,  quod  dicitur  repertqm  zd  Kindelir&ck  in  Ttm- 
ringict.  iKxempla  quoquc  fiftit  ovorum  petrificatorum^  I 
c-  Tab.  211*  Nro.  6.  &od  haec  cicem^la  m  medium  relin- 
quimus. 

Obf  Haec  ova  probe  dlfcerncnda  a  nucleis  echini  J^aUgoiia^ 
nee  non  ab  oolitbo^  inter  lUIa£llta8  defcrlpto  Spec.  40^.  qa 
i:ranulis  rotundis  conge^is  conftat,  ut  &.ab  otio  mmtem 
fyriticqf(K 

4.  ORNITHOLITHI  nidorum  avium.        Spec.  603. 

OmitboHthus  nidorum^    v.  Linn^  if  7«  ?* 

Sueth. 


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Sueth,  Stekwakdlade  FOCEtNAsTrH. 

Gall     NiDS  POISIAUX  PETRIFICS. 

Gcriiu  Versteinbrte  vog£l>*ester< 

f  xenip>a  nidorum  avium  petrificatorum  attulimus 
Specie  ima  if  jiia  quibus  inlbper  addi  poflunt  bina  alia 
CKcmpia,  quae  adtulit  Bruckman  in  Kptft.  mn^^cemur^ 
Wdaepift.  yta  &  prolixe  dcrcripGiF  "arque  depinxic  Tab. 
WW.f.^i.  ^  Tab.  VI 11.  infupcr  cfr.  Kirchew  Mund. 
Subt.  L.  VllLp-48; 

4,     ORNITHOHTHI  offiim  avium.     X  y  l  o  s  t  e  a 
AVIUM.  Spec  6io. 

Ofteolitbi  avium. 

fiucth.  Stenwandiade  fogelbek. 
GalU  Qs  d'oiseaux  ^et^ifi^. 
Germ.  Versteinbrte  vSgelknochen* 

OfTa  avium  animalium  pecrificata  aliquan^o^  rarius 
r.C,  rcpcriri,  probabilc  cfti  injprimis  dicuatur  clTc  rc- 
t  ita  111  Vogehberg  in  Wefterwolae  in  HaJlla  y  icp^orc  al- 
\>o  y  fufco  aut  nigricantc.     ^ 

(a)  XvtasTEA  rofirorum  avium. 

OniitboUtbtis  partialis  roftri.    v.  hv^ni  157- •»• 

(b)  \YhOsiUK  unguium  avium. 
CO  Xylostba  ^um  avium. 

Dc  offibiis  avium  petrificatis  cfr.  MvEius^in  Afew.  S§Xi 
Subi.  P.  llr  Rcl.  ^,  p.  f2.  Herman  in  MaslograpL 
P.  U.  Cap.  9.  p.!^i4, 

(a)     ORNITHOTYPDLITHL       Typomthi 
avium* 
Suech«  Aftryck  bller  spXrsitekar  af  foclar» 
GaU«  Empreintes  des  oiseaux* 
Germ.    A?drUckj?    oder   spuhrsteihb    von    vo- 

OELN. 

Nft*4  Sunt 


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f6S  P^(o)^ 

Sunt  lapides  qui  fi|aram  &  typum  avis  eujusdaa 
olim  prsfentis ,  vel  paruum  carundcm  exhibcat^ 

6.  TYPOLITHI  plumarum  avmtn.  Spec,  ^il 

Sueth.  SpXrstenar  af  FOCELFiXnEit. 

Gall.  Empr£ikt£S  des  plumes  d'oiseaux. 

Germ.  AbdrUcke  oder  spuhrstsine  von  vogelfjc- 

DERN. 

Hue  pertinct  avis  penna  in  lapide  fiffili  Oe/wiigai^ 
quam  deferipfic  Scheuchzer  iii  Q^^  €5*  Find^  Pi/c.  p» 
14.  &  dcpinxit  Tab.  IL  ut  &  in  MuJ.  Diluv.  jf.  106.  Nra 
I*  De  Eallo  gallinaeeo  cujus  mentioaem  faat  Ageicola 
Fqf.  L.  X  niidiCcre  poffumus^ 

7.  TYPOLITHI  offtum  mium.  Spec,  61% 

Sucth.  SpXrstenar  af  vogelben. 
Gall.  Empreintes  DES  os  d'oiseaux. 
Germ,  AbdrQckb  oder  spwhrsteine  von  vogei- 
knochen. 

Horum  lapidum  menuQncm  fadunt  nonnulli  litho- 
;raphi,  qui  delcripferunt  ofia  pctrefa&a  in  monte  ii^«- 
0  Vogelshrg  S8to»  ' 

(a)  Typolithi  roftri  avium.^ 

Cfr.  Davila  Cat.  Tom^  1 1 U  p.  i«f • 

(b)  Typolithi  ojflum  avium. 
Cfr.  Davila  1.  c. 

3   ORNITHOLITHI  MIKERALISATI. 

SuCCh.   MiNERALISERADE  F06LAR. 

Gall  Des  oiseaux  mineralises.  ^ 

Germ*  KiiKERALisiRTE  v6geln. 

Ab  avibus  mincralifatis ,  feu  materia  falina  vel  ful- 
phurea  pehctratis  &  induratis  nonnifi  unica  fpccies  nobis 
riota* 

g.  OR- 


I 


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8.  ORNITHOLITHI  MINERALISATI  muriM  condi. 
ti.    CoNpiTi  AVES.  Spcc^  $i3* 

Sucth*  Insaltade  foglaa.     , 

Gall.  Dts  ciSEAUX  penetr^s  de  ixtf* 

Germ.  Durchsalzene  v6geln. 

Muriatn  vi  gaudcrc  confcrvandi  &  indurandi  auiraa* 
lia ,  facis  eft  not^r^ ;  hinc  non  mirum  in  fodinis  falinis> 
gallinam  cum  ovis  rcpcrtam  Fuiflc ,  non  ut  Baccius  exi* 
ftimac ,  petrificatam  ,  fed  Tale  conditam  &  induracam.  cfr  • 
Baccius  de  tbermis  L.  5.  cap,  4.  p.  sgo. 

Ohfervationes  de  omitholithif. 

Oif.  I.  Qu9  eircumferuntur  vel  olim  delcripta  ftint  Mvium^ 
flamarum ,  ovorum  petrificata  ^  ad  partem  Itl/ui  fiatma  &  ima* 
ginationi  attribuenda  efle  nullum  eft  dubiumi  iDprirois  ubi 
dafcdus  arte  ftippleri  potuenmt*  Pqffidco  Jilicem  ovo  bi* 
teOto  gallinaceo  ex  aflfe  firoilem  cumvitello,  quern  tamed 
arte  politum  &  deinde  pidum  jure  fufpicor.  Ad  partem  ve« 
to  zi incYufttitA  referri  debere,  certum  eft,  qualia  in  antra 
Baumanniano  aliisque  antris ,  nee  non  ad  toermas  repevfari^ 
imd  ftudio  incruftari  polTunt ;  vel  etiam  ad  in/Mlita  Teu  «»• 
fia  eottdiu  eorpora  connumerarl,  qaaiia  in  fodinis  felinis  ft 
machinis  gradatoriis  inveniri  Iblent* 

Olf^'  Inter  animalia  cujuscunque  fere  generis  fucrint,  nuITft 
minus  inter  petrificata  occuirrunt  quam  aves  ,  quia  forfan 
phm^  ingreffum  particularum.  humidarum  &  terrcftrium  in 
poros  horum  animalium  vel.  retardant  vel  rcmovent,  quo 
ipfo  IngrefTus  afiria  putrefa  ftioncm  promoventis  aceelera<> 
eur#  Huic  ncgotio  contribuit  horum  animaliumlevitas,  qua, 
etUm  mortua ,  aquis  innata  nt ,  plumarum  auxUio. 


«^    -rv-79  m^  ^-m 


Nn^  f  ifg. 


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9.    ZOOLITHI.        Gen.  70. 

Petrifitata  aninmlia  quadrupedum^    M*  R. 
Tetrapodoliibi.    Nqknullokum^ 

Sucth.  Stenwand^ade  fyrfotade  diur. 

Gall.   (olUADRUP£OBS   PETRIFIES  OV  ZOOL^THES. 

Germ.   VersxeInerte  vikrf()ssige  thure« 

Sunt  anitnalia  qiladrupcda,  nunquam  inregra,  raro 
ad  partes  in  lapideam  vtl  mineralifataiti  mucata  lubflao* 
riatn  ,  plerumquc  autcin  noiniili  in  paulo  inagis  fragilcfl 
vcl  &  parum  induratam  indbiem  y  pro  natura  loli.  Dif- 
ferent! iuquc  natura  ,  quadvupedcm  partes  locis  in 
fubccrraneis  opcurruntr  fed,  ut  lithograpbi  oira  vcl  firagi- 
lia  vcl  indurata  vql  immutata  inter  Jpfa  fetrificata  cnu- 
tncrarc  voluerunt ,  hinc  nos  boc  genus  opnmfi  in  bim 
genera  inferiora  lubdividere  volunuis« 

Ca)  ZooLiTHi  fub  quo  titulo  comprehendimus  tan 
petri(?caras  quam  calcinatas  ,  induratas  &  immntatas 

^  quadrupedum  parces  in  locis  fubtenraneis  obvias, 

(b)  ZooEiTHi  mineraKfati ,  funt  partes  quadrupodoD 
oflcs  materia  meullica  penetracai. 

I.  ZOOLIHTI. 

Sueth,  Stekwakdladjs  fyrfotadc  i>iuii« 

Gall*    GtUADRUPEOES    P£TRIFl6;» 

Germ.  Veksteinbrte  vierfUssige  thiere. 

Sune  pane»  anlmalkim  quadrupedum  ^  wphirunim 
ofleae  qus  vel  petrificataB  vel  calcinatie  vel  parum  mduift- 
tae  ia  locis  fubterraaeis  occurrunt. 
I.  ZOOLITHI  quadrufidum  v.l  eorum  partium.    Spot. 

tfif 

6^Ctb•  StBKWAHPLADS  FY&FOT/iPX  »IU&« 

GalL 


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Gall.  QUADUUFEDES  TETVitJiriis^ 
Germ  Veriteinerte  VIMFUSSIGE  THlEltE, 
Ab  animalibus  quadrupcdibus  integrum  corpus  cum 
•utc  &  carne,  ncindum.  quantum  nobis  notum^  eft  rc- 
pcrtum,  five  pctrificatum  five  induratum.  Partes  vera 
cjuasdam  horqm  animalium  a  lithograpbis  dcfcri- 
ptae.  KuNDMAN  in  R.  N.  ^  A  p.  4^.  pedcm  anterio- 
rcm  paviani  aut  alius  ejusmpdi  anima|is  cum  cute  &  car- 
lic  defcripfit  atquc  depinxit  Tab.  HI.  Nro.  2. 

^1 
a.  ZOOLITHI  qffium  quadrupedum.       XtloStea  qua- 
DRUPEDUM.  Sfpec.  <IJ. 

OJitolitbi  quadrupedumy 

Sucth.  Stewwandlade  ben  af  fyrfotapb  j)iur. 

Gall.    Des  OS  DE  QUAPRUPEDES    PETRIFIES. 

Germ,  Versteinerte  knochen  von  vierfussigen 

THXEREN. 

Ofla  quadrupcdum  raro  totius  fcclcti  conjunda ,  frc* 
flucntius  fcparara  occurrunt,  in  profundioribus  terra  lo* 
cis  pctrificata ,  in  minus  profundis  &  locis  fcptentrionali- 
Jbus  fere  immutata. 

(a^  Xylostea  quadrupedum  integra^ 
Zoolubus  cervL    v.  Linn^  if 6.  1. 

Sunt  h«c  fceleta  vix  ulHbi  eomplcu  ,  nee  ca  indole, 
ut  cum  ccrtitudine  dici  poffit  a  quo  fint  anima* 
li ;  plerumque  &  non  pctrificata  fed  ioMnutata  yci 
parum  indurau.  Dc  (celeto  cervi  in  montibus  Vi 
ValpHnara  di  Grezzana  cfr.  J.  J.  Spaoa  in  Cmal. 
Lap.  Veron.  p.  45,  Dc  fceleto  &  offibus  cervi  in 
Hthernia  rcpertis.  Trans.  Phil  Angl  Nro.  2^7.  p.^ 
489-  Scclcti  animalis  ignoti  ^d  Qjiedlinturg  tcpcm 
mentionem  facitLEiBNixius  irtprotog.  p.  rf'j.  Sceleton 
tlephauu  defcripfit  Tenzel  in  Monatbl  Vnterred^ 
X^9^.  Men/.  Apr.  &  in  pec4jliariTraa.  DeJceletO'  e- 
Upbanteo  Towa  efofo.  Dc  alio  eUpbantis  fceUto  ad 

Q/fe- 


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S7^  ltx(o)i^ 

Ofterodam  A:o  1743.  rcpcrto,  loqiiftur  BrQckman 
in  Epift.  Itin.  Cent.*  ida  p.  go^.    De  fcclcds  &offi. 

bus  Rhinocerotis  xnarga  penetrans ,  ad  Hera^^r^  in 
cumulo  margaceo  repertis,  Hollman  ia  Commas 
Soc.  R^  GStting.  T*  II.  p.  21^. 

(b)  Xylostea  quadiujpedum  efftutH  capitis. 

Raro  inte^ra  capita  rcpcriuntur.  Rcfcrt  Joh*  iG. 
Gmelin  in  der  Retfe  dmcb  Siberien  P.  11 L  p.  152. 
In  fcptentrionalibus  iftis  rcgionibusrcperirir^/)///irof- 
vuta  foflilia ,  quae  generis  bavini  cffc  exiftimat.  h 
novdlis  puhlias  nupcr  Icgimus  in  Italia  repcrtum  cf- 
fe  caput  bovinum  Vel  alius  quadrupedis  animalis  ma- 
joris.  Partes  odium  capitis  ifapius  occurrunt,  ut- 
potc  maxillarum  cum  vcl  fine  demibus.  cfr.  Kunb- 
MAN  in  Rar.  N.  if  A.  p.  4^*  Tab.  IL  /♦  1.  Lan- 
Gius  in  Hi  ft*  Lap^  Fig.,  Helv.  L.  i.  cap.  X.  p.  jf 
Da  VILA  Cat.  Tom.  III.  p.  230.  iQro.  ^ojf. 

(c)  Xylostka  quAPRUPEDUM,  vcrtebrarum. 
Vertebra  quadrupedum  vix  ni(i  feparatas  iuvemuntoi^ 

cum  vcl  fine  coftis.  In  novellis  pubHcis  commemo' 
tatur  repecta  cffc  in  lapidc  arenario  ad  Eftampes  is 
GaJlia ,  cornu  cervorum  &  rupicaprarum ,  ncc  noa 
corundcm  ver/^Ar^j  &  coftas  materia  lapidea  pcnc- 
tratas.  Dubitamus  quoque  annon  plurima  ofla,  que 
fub  IchtbyoJ^ondylorum  nomine  a  litbograpbis  d^ 
fcribuntur  hue  pcftinent, 

r    (d)  Xylostea  QUADRUPEDUM  coudarum. 
Cfr.  Onomat.  Hift.  Nat.  P-  11.  p.  705. 
(c)  XvtQSTEA  QjjADRUPEDUM  oj/tum^    FemoruM^  pe- 

dum^  vd  aliarum  partiunt.     > 

Oflium/e?wom,  coxendicis^fibula  mcntioncm  facit  Kund- 

MAN  in  Promtuario  Rat.  Nat.  p.   253.      Cukiti  fit 

humeri  indicat  Davila  in  Cat.  T.  Ilf*  p.  7,27^  Nra 

goa.  &  304. 

OV*.  Heic,  ni  fallor,  locum  babent  plurima  qa»  gig»*tu 

funt  a  Utbogcaphis  vocaU^  inprimia  0^  femorum  If  tOi^ 

3.ZOO 


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^  tw  C  o  )  Kj  573 

3.  ZOOLITHI  dentium  quadmpedum.    Ebur.  Fossitfi^ 

,         Spce»  6i6. 
Unicornu fojffik.    l^ovi^^LLOKVM. 
Zoolitbus  trichecbi  rosmari.    v.  Linnc  1^6*  3^ 

SuciK  Grafwet  elfenbek.    Mamontova  kost* 

GalU  YvoiR  FossiLE. 

Germ.  Gegrabenes  j^lfekbein. 

Ruthcnis*  Mamontova. 

Sunt  dcates  acuti  aut  molai^s  quadrupedum ,  raro 
pecrificad,  utplucimum  immutat;i  vel  naturalibus  parum  fra* 
gitiores ,  quibus  tamen  varia  uteofilia  &  oriiamcata  prx« 
parari  pouunL 

(a)  Ebur  tqssiuvm  dentium  acutorum  ekpbantis. 
*  Hoc  vcrum  &  geiiuinum  eft  ebur  foffikf  dcnci  caciU 
no  elcphaacum  ex  aflfe  (imUc/aliquando  &  cadciu 
duricicy  inttrdum  paulo  fragilius^  colore  albo  ,  fla« 
vcfccntc  vel  fufco ,  raro  ca^rulco  oi^rcfcente^  Re- 
.periiur  ixk  Siberia  &  alibi  in  Europa  interdum  4.  vel 
5.  ulnarura  longitudine  &  pondcre  libfarum  loo^ 
140 »  is;o  a  160.  &'  ultra,  fed  raro  integrum,  cfr. 
Gmelin  Rei/e  d^rcb  Sib^  p.  158.  l%9.  retersbur^ 
gi/cbe  Anmerkungcn  fiber  Jie  Zei^ngen  1730.  Transit 
aa.  PbiL  Angl.  Vol.  XL-  fcq. 

OJ/*.  Plenimgiic  hoc  tlur  fojjik  cum  unicomu  foffili  confundi* 
tur ,  quomodo  vero  hsc  genera  diverfa  diftin^cnt^ ,  pal- 
let ab  hac  dercripdone  coUata  cuvfi  Specie  599^  ubiumcornii 
defcribltuti  nee  oon  ab  originalU 

Cb)  Ebur  fossils  dentium  molarinm  elepbantif„ 

Eft  allquando  novem  poUicum  diametro ,  paulo  mino- 
res  facrunt  in  Mu/eo  Davilano^  efr.  Davila  Catai* 
Tom.  111.  p.  227.  Nro.  303^  304. 

CO  Ebur  fossil e  dentium  trichecbi  rosmari.        ' 
Hoc  ebjf   eft    longitudine    uh\^    imo   ulns  iinius 
cum  dimidia,  laticudine  fuperius  qui^nor  pollicum 
(ed  crafficic  brachii  tcauioris ,  eft  ctemm  tBzgh  U* 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


turn  quam  ctaflum ,  colore  flavcftcnte  veaulis  albb 
durioribus  diverfimodc  cxcifrreatibus  oraatum.  cfir. 
Gmelin  L  c.  p.  i66.  167- 

(d)  Ebur  fossile  dentium  rbinocet;ons. 

Sunt  molarcs  dcutes.  cfr.  Hollman  hi,  Comment.  Sof. 
Gotting.  Tom.  a.  p.  215.  Davila  Cat.  T.  Ill  p. 
229.  Nro.  307.  p.  230.  Nro.  308.  309. 

(e)  Ebur    fossile    dentium   quadrufedum  minoruM* 

ODONTOLITHI   QpADRUPEDVM. 

Prater  noittmitoS  rcpcriuntur  quoquc  dcntcs  foffiks 
aliorum  animalium  quadrupcdum ,  qui^  tamcn  utplu- 
rimaqi  raro  agaofci  poflfunt  a  quo  animali  fuam  ha- 
belt  ocigincm ;  colore  mveniuntur  divcrfo  ,  albc- 
fcente^  rufco,  riibiginofo  ,  viridefccate  ,  caeruk- 
fceatc  vcl  nigrcrccnte ,  aliquando  &  coloribus  difcr- 
fis.  cfr.  KuNDMAN  Rar.  N.  ^  Aftis.  p.  44.  Tab. 
11.  fig*  !•  4*  r  6.  7,  8.  9.    Pavila  Cat.  Tom.  IIL 

©1^,  1.  Sburfoffik  notk  omnc,  ad  fuam  Ibdolcm ,  eft  tiiti?o 
aequale,  fed  flepc  tcpcritur  quod  altquam  fubat  mutatio- 
ncm,  fragiUus  ftftnm.  Hoc  poftcrfua  a  priori  diftinguJtur. 
Ca)  Co/ore  intrinfcco  albo,  fed  maculofo,  maculis  &  pan- 
dulls  nienfcentlbus;  Cb)  (Portia  ulplurimum  albo  vel  fl«- 
Tcfcentt  aut  grifco,  raro  vitldcfccnte.  CO  Oiore  emulfio- 
nis  amygdalatum,  qui  aieritu  &  adfricSttone  co^nofcitur.  (i) 
Sb^e  crctacco,  Ce)  Daritie  cxtriofeca  majori,  mtriftfcca  ou- 
norl.  (f;  Dia;i>i7i>tf^  in  lamellai.  ^g)  AtttMBione  ad  aMa, 
in  quam  projcdum  veficulas  etcttat.  (h^Adbarentu  Md» 
guam^  dum  adponitur,  inftar  creU  tcI  holt. 

9bfi  2.  Circa  dcntes  caninot  elephantum;  obftrvandum  a 
casdem,  qui  in  maribus  cxuntes  &  rcflexi  funt^  utpoct 
quibua^non  mordent  /  Tchemcnter  tamen  incldunt  ,  i<ta) 
a  nonnullis  cornua  appellari,  ab  alila  iefenfiondlU  ilefbatm. 
Rcperluntur  hi  dentes  In  clephantibus  indicis  ,  s-  ^^  4* 
pedum  Idngitudine^  in  africanis  vcro  10.  pedum  t  ultra. 

Ml  5.  Dc  his  dcntlbus  cfr.  Thom  Barto|.in  dc  rosmm 
denu  ^  ebeno  foffili  in  AB.  Hrfnieif  Vol.  IV.  p.  i8-  Jo«. 
L.  Rhiem  de  tbore  fiJ/iU  H.  BackkK  in  Ihmbwg-  M^ 

4,    zoo- 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ  IC 


rw  ( 0 )  «t  5?! 

4.  200UTHI   eomuum  quadtupedum.        Xylostea' 

CORNUUM   QUABRtJPEDUM.  SpCC.  61?^ 

SuCth.    STENWANDLADfi      HORN     AF     FYR(OTADS 

DXUR. 
Gall.    CORNE  DE  QUADRUPEDKS  PETRIFl^. 

Germ*  Versteinertes    horn    von   vierfQssigeh 

THIEREN* 

Cornua  quadrupedum  aliquando  aliis  cum  offibus 
conjundim  rcpcriuntur,  ut  jpatct  ab  cxcmplis  Upee.  <Sif^ 
Uty,  a^  b.  c^  allatls  ,  aliquando  icparatim  ,  prouc  indica* 
runt  Mylius  in  Saxon.  Svbier.  P.  il.  Davila  in  Catal» 
T,  HI.  p.  a30.  Nro»  311. 

Objl  Pccularitcr  dc  offibus  &  cornubift  fcripfit  Da  v.  Spleis- 
sius  in  Oijirt  it  fortmbus  ^  q/fibas  foffikbua  Conkdienji^ 

i,  ZbOLltHI  MiNERALlSATL 

Suetfau    MlNERALlSERADE      DELAR     AF     FYB.FOTADB 

DIUR* 
Gall.   QuADRUPEDES  MINERALISCS^ 

Gernu  Mineralisirte  theile  vok  vxEkFQssiGEN 

THIEREl^. 

Sunt  hujusmodi  zoolithi  materia  faiina  aut  metallica 
peiietrati  raril&mi. 

J.  ZOOLITHI  MINERALISAti  demium  quadrvpe^ 
dum ,  colore  cyaneo  ,  tritorem  B*  politj^ram  gemmeam 
admittentes^  cuprei.  TuRcosA.  Spec*  6ig^ 

Gemma  turcica. 

Zoolitbus  dentis  viridi  vcerulaf.     von  Linn6  iftf^  4. 

Cuprum  calci forme  offa  animalium  ingrejfum^    Crok^ 

'    STEDT.    289.    I.    a. 

Suerh*  Turcoser. 
Gall.  TuR(y;oisE. 
Germ.  TunKis. 

f  unt 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


^6  ^Co)Kt 

Sunt  lapidcs  opaci ,  colore  cyanco  vcl  viridi  c«tulc. 
fccntCf  figura  dcntibus  molaribus  quadrupcdum  fimilcs, 
duritic  &  tcnaciucc  quoqiic  dcntium  gaudcntcs ,  Htb* 
aura  lamcllofa.  in  laraellas  convcxas  divifibilcs  j  liogut 
inftar  raar^a  adhaercntcs  dum  adponuatur  i  in  ignc  co- 
lorera  pcrdunt  &  in  tcrrani  alkalinam  ut  offa  mutantur, 
mctallica  cuprca  iliatcria  imbuti  &  parum  indurau\  poli- 
turam  &  nitorcm  gcmmarum  fere  inftar  fufcipiunr. 

(a)  TuRcosA  coJore  caruleo  albefcente. 

Ex  albcdmc  primitiva  aliquid  continent ,  undc  ut  mh 
ires  turcofarum  confidcrantur,  minus  dur«, 

(b)  TuRcos^  colore  caruleo  viridefcente.    TuRCOSi 

OCClDBNT/iLES. 

llarum  color  magis  ad  viredinem  inclinat ;  min»s^' 

ra  polituram  quidcm  admittunt  fed  non  pcrfcaoni 

nitbrem.    Rcperiuntur  in  Hijpama  ,  Ungaedoc  a 

Gallia »  Germania. 

(C)  TuRcosjE  colore  cyaneo^  dura..  Turcos^  ow- 

ENTALES* 

Colore  gaudent  pulchre  caruleo  ,  atque  politurM  & 
nitorcm  fufcipiunt  fere  gcmmarum  inftar  pcrkauo 
ex  ^erfia^  fur  eta  Hfc, 

QIC.  Omncs  antiquiorts  tutcofus  inprimU  orientaUs  inter  p; 
nulnas^^  connumcrarunt  gcmmas,  qua  in  fcntcntia  noonint 
fluoquc  hodicrno  tempore  cxlftuat  Reaumur  In  ASt.  ft- 
fir.  1715.  tftolixe  dcmonftravlt  Jias  ecmmas  cScdsntisoi' 
malium  mineralifatos ,  quod  &  horum  lapidum  interior  ftfB- 
aura  fibrofa  ncc  non  alveoli  &  apcrturae  pro  nervis,  qu» 
aliquando  obfervari  poffunt,  confirmant.  Hulc  fcntcntff 
mams  addituc  robur  ab  aliorum  cxpcrimentls.  Joh,  Cassu* 
Nuivi  DE  PuTEo  didtur  artificialcs  per  calclnationcm  pr^ 
parare  potuitfc  tureofai  ab  ebore  fffiU.  cfr.  Vblschii  hca- 
Coft.  I.  p.  ^7.  Dbit  &HENCKEL  ft  Indurata  ofla  foffilfl, 
carulea  rcddcrc  potulflc,  fed  non  a4  earn  redigcre  duntica, 
qua  turcofa  aatucalcs  gaudent.  Indicat  &  CaoitSTSDJ 
L  G.  ad  SiMTi  la  Un£UfdQc  ofla  rcpcriirl  foOUIa^  qwe  iw 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


^  C  o  )  Kl  ^^ 

taldnatiofie  eairuleum  induunt  tolotem.  Sed  hit  ottitiibuf 
v.oa  adco  dcciftim.  an  hi  lapides  ad  zoolitbos^  an  ad  icbtbyo^ 
iitbos  connlimerandi,  ptout  tLonnuUi  recentiores  volunt; 
ncc  dccifum,  an  foil  aentes  &  annon  alia  animalium  oita 
in  turcofat  a  natura  repcrta  fint  mutata,  prout  contendit  v* 
l)E  Bom  ARE  Mineral.  T.  U,  p»  316.  119^.  a.  Quidquid  fit^ 
magno  veniunt  hi  lapides  pretio  ^  adeo  ut  twcofa  arientU' 
talis  magaitudine  nucis  a^ueliana  ad  soo.  impcriales  «ftimc* 
tur. 

Specialiter  de  turcojis  fcripfie  Cromwel  Mortimer  in 
Tranf.  Angl  quod  reperltur  ctiam  in  Hamhrr.  Maratiu.  T% 
Ih  f.  VL 

Ohfervatio  de  zoolithif^ 

Obf*  De  tooUtbis  in  genere  id  folum  indicare  debemus.  idem 
heic  valere  quod  antea  diximus  in  obferaat^  citu  imfyoK'^ 
tbos  lit.  e*  &  drca  reliqua  animalta  &  conchylia,  feilicet^ 
cosdem  utplurimum  ab  lis  deprchendi  animalibua  qu»  iftii 
in  locia  hodierno  tempore  <i  non  ho()>itantt  quod  ab  alaif 
indicatuoiy  ut  proUxiui  dcnoBftrcmuSi  fldnuf  eft  ncccflBu 
fiun. 


W^m.  II  O  a  .     §•  life 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


57*.  ««Co)K» 

lo.  ANTHROPOLITHI.  Gen.  r-. 

Peivificata  animalia  bumana.  M.  R# 
Sucth.  Stenwandlade  menniskokroppar. 
Gall.  Petrifications  humaines. 

Germ.    VERSTElNi;:RTE  MENSCHENKSaPEt. 

Sunt  corpora  humana  aut  corum  ofla  pctri6cata  vcl 
minecalifau*    Biaa  hujus  generis  habcmus  nota  gcuera  in- 

fcriora.  j    *^        ^ 

imo*  Petrificata  bumana^  feu  in  lapideam  duiriticm  pins 

minus  mutata  corpora  humana  vel  eorum  partes>qu« 

antbropolitbi  vocautur. 
ido-  Mineralifata  corpora  bumana^  vcl  corum  partes,  mi- 

teria  lalina  aut  mctallica  imbucae  &  penetrata ,  quas 

antbropolitbi  mineralijati  appellantuif. 

I.  ANTHROPOLITHi. 

Sueth.  Stenwandlade  menniskokroppar. 
/Gall.  Petrificatioms  huMaines. 
Germ.  Versteinerte  MENscHENkSRPEk. 

Sub  hoc  gencre  cjmprehendimus  non  folunli  corpora 
humana  &  eorum  partes  petrificatas  ^  quae  rariffimc  oc- 
currunt,  fed  &  eorum  offa  foffilia^  quae  faepiud  immuu- 
ta  vel  parum  indurata  inveniuntun 

J.  ANTHROPOLITHI  totins  corporii.     Spec.  6l9- 

Petrificata  animalia  bominum^     M.  R* 

Zoolitbus  boptinis.    v.  Linn^  iftf*  i* 

Sucth.  Stenwardlade  mHnniskokroppaf^ 
Gall.  Petrifications  humaihes* 
Germ*  Versteinerte  MENSCHENKdRPfiR* 

Haec  petrificata  .  fi  ullibi  ,  ccrtc  rariffimc ,  inK- 
niuntur  intcgra,  exiftimaverim  tamen  nonnulla  hue   re- 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


t«  (  o  )  k|^  579 

fcrri  pofle ,  quae  tibi  occurrunt  facile  a  ftriiftuf a  cognofd 
poffunt.  De  cadavere  bumano  ad  Aix  ia  Gallia  anno 
1^83.  rcpcrto ,  in  quo  cerebrum  ea  fuit  duritic  ut  ad 
Chalybem  fcintillaric,  ofla  aucem  fragilia.  cfr.  Happ^l 
Bcbatzkammer  p,  ^79.  Henckel  Flor  Saturn,  p,  532. 
De  caihvere  btWiatio  in  mztgodt  oeniijgenfi.  cfnScHEUCH- 
2ERI  Dijfert.  bomo  dihivii  teftis. 

Obf.  Narratioiles^  de  urbc  Bidoblo  in  dcrcrto  arcnacco  Afri" 
v^  olim  ftca,  quam  fuis  cum  incrolis,  sedificiis,  animalibus 
&  ai*boribu8  petrificatam  fuiffe  refcrunt  Ath.  Kircherus 
in  Mundo  Suhterr,  T.  II.  Scft.  11.  fol.  yo*  Erasm.  Fr/lks 
cisci  in  Oft-  und  Weftindifcben  Luftgart.  p.  igg.  Sachs 
a  LewehheiM  in  (Jammarol.  p.  157.  Havpel  P.  II  p» 
^54#  cfr.  KuNbMANNi  Rmv.  Nat.  i^  Artis,  p.  31^  &; 
&  aliani  fere  fimilem  de  tartaris  quibusdam  ftiis  cum  ani- 
malibus ,  curribus  &  armis  prope  lacum  Kittaia  inter  Rup' 
JUm  £/  Tartariam  fitum,  una  node  pctrificatls ,  refcrt 
V.  Hblmont  litbiafi  c»  i.  §.  18;  ncc  non  aliam,  de  co- 
horte  equicum  bifpanicorum  ia  America  fUb  itinere  pe- 
trificata  ,  quam  adfert  Joh»  a  Costa  L.  VJIL  cap.  9; 
has  aliasque  sequales  hiflorias  non  polTumus  non  ut  Hi* 
fpeftas  confiderarc. 

a.  ANTHROPOLITHI  offium  humanoruw.  Xylostea 

HUMANA.  SpCCt  620^ 

OJieolitbi  bominis. 

Sueth:   STENWANdLADE   MlfNKlSKO-BEN. 
Call.   Os   kUMAlNES   Pi.TRiFl^S. 

Germ.  Vbrsteinerte  menscuevkhochek. 

Sunt  oflfa  humana.  Vel  totius  corporis  feufceleti.  vel 
partium ,  quas  rariflime  lapidea ,  ikpius  immutata  aut  pa<** 
rum  tnduraca^  locis  in  fubtcrraneis^  repcduntur>  Vel  all- 
quo  modo  calcinata  fragiliora. 

^a)  Xylostea  humanA  integra. 

Karo  fcclctoa  humanum  repetitur  integrum  foffile> 

vel  plus  minus  petri6catuni  aut  mutatum ;  aliquan- 

do  tamcn  inventum  effej  plurimi  affetnnt.     Dc  Jce* 

liSo  bumano  duriori  lapidi  inclufOs  cfn  T£  wis  el  it 

O  o  1  Mo* 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


f  go  tH  (  •  3  K| 

Mtnatbl  Vnterred.  1690.  menf.  Febr.  ^  127-  Haf. 
PEL  in  der  Scbazkammer.    Dc  fcekto  in  Creatta  re- 

?crto  cfr.  Valvassor  Ebre  des  Herzogt.  Grain.  L 
:iL  Cap.  XI;  Dc  alio  ad  Mannheim  anno  1717.  Ic 
quitur  in  Mijc  N.  C  Dec,  11.  ann.  VLP-  176)  Dc 
fcekto  ad  Freiberg  1701.  rcpcrto,  cfr.  Henckel  in 
Flor.  Saturn,  p.  53:^..  ^c^* 
(b)  Xylostea  humaka  offitm  caf>itis  velcranii. 
Cfr,  Balbini  Uiji.  Regn.  Bobemci.  L.  I  Cap-  lA 
p.  116.  &c. 
(c;  Xylostea  humana  vertebrafurH^ 
Qccurrunt    vcrtebr*  hiimana  foffilcs,  cum  vcl^^ 
coftis.  cfr.  ScHEcCHiER  Que  Vind.Vifc^  p.  2a.  Tal>. 
III.  Bajer  (Jrycbtogr.  Nor,  Tab.  VI  jig.  3^-    Lai*- 
Gii  Hiji.  Lap.  Fig.  heh.  P.  II.  L.  IV.  p.  Tf .  Tpo* 
KuKDMAK  Kar.  N.  if  Artis  p.  ^1.  Tab.  Ill  Nro.  i. 
(d)  Xylostea  humana  ajfium  fem^rum  »  pedum  v4 

aliarum  partium. 
Offa  clavictdarvm  dcfcribit  Hekckel  in  Flor.  Satbur% 
p.    532.   oifa  femoris^  coxendicis  ^  fibula  rcccnfct 
KuNDMAN  in  Promt.  R.  N.  p.  a^* 
CO  Xylostea  humana  dentium. 
Dcntcs  foffilcs,  qui  a  lithographis  dcfcribuntur ,  at- 
plurimum  funt  animalium  quadrupcduin  vcl  marine- 
rum ,  nonnuUi  tamcn  hominum  cffc  vidcntur  ^^  qm 
facile  agnofci  poffunt  dum  mandibulis  adhuc  irhk- 
rent*  cfr.  Ul.  Aldrovandi  MuF.  Metall.  L.  IV.  p. 
8^9,  8rc.  KuNDMAN  Promt.  R.  M  p-  «2.   Gesn^ 
de  Petrif.  Cap.  XXII.   Argenville  Orycbtogr,  f. 
329.  &c.    ViT.  DoNATi  von  Adriat.  Metre,  p^  il 
Q\f.   u    D«  corporibut  &  offibus  humanis  petrificadt  cfr. 
JOH.   Theod.   Schehcrii    litbogenefi.  de  mcrocofmi  «€»• 
hit  fetfificntis.     Th*  SchirlJrus   di  esuffs  probahiL  b- 
piitum  iu  microcofmo  if  wui^focojmo.      Ul»   Aldrovah- 
PI  m^f.  metall.  cap.   63.    Boh  AN  i  MHf.Kmbtr.  f .  201. 
Oif.  8.  Hec  offcafione  non  poflum  non  meam  de  Gi/Mtffkr 
&  ejffibus  giganttif  apevire  rncntem. 

Ex* 


Digitized  by 


Google 


Exftttflf  olim  homines  magns  altitudinis&molis^  nerdo  an 
major!  cffc  poflSt  Incrcdulitatc  quam  cxtitillc  homines  ingen* 
lis  aetatis,  con viftus  eandem  efle  rationem  aetatis  ac  iiruftu* 
IX.  Pygm^Qs  diirl  unius  ulnae  vel  duorum  pedum  alcitudtne 
plus  minus,  nemo  ncgat,  fed  ii  natura  penes  iJlos  quafi  in 
defedu  peceare  pofTic,  quid  impedic  quo  minus  &  In  excef* 
fu  aliquando  limites  ordinariostranfcendat,liconfideremus 
limites  ftaturas  humanae  non  magis  quam  a^adeffe  pofitas. 
Ea  eit  proportio  pypnai  ad  robuftum  virum  ^  quae  bujus  ad 

!;i(;antem.  Eadem  &  eft  ratio  aliorum  animalium^  ac  nc* 
cio  .  annon  minor  progortto  inter  canem  maftivim  anglieum 
&  canem  melitaum  quam  inter  hominem  robuftum  &  gigan* 
tern  Nequaquam  itaque  naturae  legibus  rcpugnat,  vel  ejus* 
dem  vires  tranfcendit  homines  gigantes  cxllitiflc  &exiftc* 
rc^  poffe.  Ad  exiilentiam  gigantum  porroulterius  probandam 
nolo  aci  profanos  provocare  auftores,  qui  de  eorundem  exi- 
ftentia  funt  teftati,  fufficit  dixiffe  Of  Regem  in  Bajan^  ex 
fimilia  Enukin .  fuiife  i6.  pedum  &  dimidii  altitudine^  ut 
J  %tet  ab  ejusdem  le<%o^  Deuteron.  111.  lu  defcripto;  GoUa^ 
tbum  fulfTe  I2.  peii.  &  4*  poll.  cpQftatex  x.  SamuilisXVU\ 
fufS  it  &  dixifTc  in  Amertca  adhuc  gentem  exiftere  Patago^ 
fiicAfn^  in  qua  fi  non  omnes  plerique  tamen  ad  femigigan- 
tes  refcrendj,  altitudine  9.  a  10.  ped.  ut  ab  itinerariis  con* 
lUr.  cfr.  Bykohs  Uer.  Sedidebnon  ctcdimus  tamimmen- 
fae  molis  gigantes  cxfldtiflc  quales  defcribunt  Kirch erus 
In  Mund  Suit.  Css^.  Schottus  in  Curiof.  tbyf,  Ealbi- 
vus  in  mH.  K.  Bohemia  &c.  Etenim  ut  homines  juftae  fta« 
turae  plerumque  altitudine  6.  ped.  efle  folent;  eos  itaque 
folum  ad  Gigantes  referrc  debemus;  qui  ad  ig.  vel  20.  pe- 
des fe  extenderunt,  perfuafi  altiori  datura,  nuUum  exftitiiTt 
hominem ;  ad  femigigantes  vera  qui  altitudiqe  vaV^X  8*  it 
10.  pedes  exiflerunt>  &  adhuc  exiftunt. 

His,  &  ab  iis  quae  antecedent!  paragrapho  de.  zoolithis  indi- 
cavimus  fluit,  non  omnia  0^4,  quae  olim  in  locis  ftibterra- 
ncis  reperta  fuut^  ut  tiganium  confideranda,  quum  plurimt 
ab  iisdem  nonnifi  om  beUuatum  matinarum  vel  te$teftuium 
efle  in  propatulo  eft;.  Ut  vero  differentia  haec  inter  offa  pxo- 
be  obfervetur.  exiftimamus  parum  ad  ^ientes  majored,  eoflms 
aliaque  plurima.  oflaeife  t^flcftcndum,  ^^aUa.  &  'm  r^li* 
qui^  animalibusreperiuntur  ;aliam  verp  effe  ratipnpm  q^«i|^ 
0upitii^  fedis&  manmm.  Elepbanii  etepim  vix  major  capa- 
#ius  intrinfeca  cajpitis  competit  quam  homiai  ^  ac  catet 
003^  omuc 


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Cinine  lalena  vd  eetaceum  genus  tain  pedibus  quant  xsi%x&» 
bus,&  elephantes  illis  oifibus  quae  ad  articulationcs  ibi  cxh 
ftentes  pertinent,  ut  reticeamus  elephntm^  multo  minm 
alcem^  equnm  vcl  a]ia  qu^drupcda  vix  majori  longitudine 
cruriji  vcl  tibia  gauderc,  quam  homo  robuflae  llaturxi 
Prpportio  ctenim  tihia  elephantis  majoris,  ad  titiam  ro- 
bufli  viri,  eft  juxta  accuratam  menfuram  ut  19^  ad  14. 
non  ultra,  His  momentis  fi  ilia  addantur ,  qus  a  medicii 
&  an(^tomicis  atque  ioologis  probe  nofci  &  dignofci  pof- 
funt,  fignsi  charaderiiltca  odium  cujusvis  aqimalis,  quo- 
9d  inclfiones,  tuberofitates ,  &  quae  funt  plura  his  ia  offi- 
bus  obfervanda  ^  turn  dcmum  certum  &  aequum  de  his 
r^liguiis  ferri  poiTe  judicium  in  aprico  eft^ 

%.  ANTHROPOI.ITHI  MINERALISATI, 

Sueth.   MlNERALISERiVDE   MEHN ISKOKROPPAR, 

GalL  Cadavres  humaines  mineralises, 
Oerm.  Mineralisirte  menschehkorper. 

Sunt  cadavera  vcl  offa  humana  materia  falioa  ^ot 
tnetallica  penctrata. 

3,  ANTHROPOLITHI  MINERALISATI    vUrlolia. 
Corpora  humana  vitriolificata.  Sp.  6:1. 

larva    in/alii  a    vitriolo    fnartis  ,    corporis    bumm^ 
Cronstedt  284.  A.  I, 

Sucth     VlTRlOLISCERADE    MEKNISKOKROPPAR. 

Gall.  Cadavres  humaines  vitrioliscs, 

Germ.   VitRIOLISIRTE    MENSCHENKbRPER, 

In  fodinis  feu  puteis  aut  locis  fodfnaruiii  profoc- 
dioribus,  olim  incaute  apertis  &  fradis^  a  montc  fupcr- 
eminence  vel  laterali  rimofb  &  fragili  ahquando  plori- 
mos  (imul  &  femcl  pra^cipitari  lapides  >  in  iis  prsra'pse 
fodinis  ubi  minera  hofpitat  pyriticofa  &  major  cxiftic 
calor,  triftis  docufc  cxpcricntia.  Momi cola  co  motncnio 
prsfens  (\\XQ  haec  praecipitatio  contingit  ^  nor*  potrf 
non  fub  nac  ruina  &  mortem  &  fuum  obtincre  icpp* 
chrnm;  quo  in  ftatu,  a  vapore  ful^bureo^  interftitia  10^ 
tcr  fragmcnta  lapidea  penetrante;  mterdum  8(  a^s  a* 

/no- 


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{><  C  0  )  Kt  f  83 

trioUcii  ttansftiUantibus ,  corpora  horum  tnonticolarum 
non  folum  a  putrefa&ionc  confervantur  ,  fed  &  vitrioliti* 
caca  fiuat.  bina  hujusroodi  corpora  bumana  in  fodina 
cuprea  fablunenfi  fimt  dctcfta, 

Q^  De  his  corp.  humanis  Fabluna  repcrtis  cfn  Av\%  I^£IJ£L 
i^  noy,  liter,  fuccia  I722# 

4..    ANTHROPOLITHI  MINERALISATI ,  femi. 
Corpora  hum  ana  martialia.  Spec.  61a. 

Siicth.  Jernhaltige  menniskokroppar. 
Germ.  Cadavres  humaiwes  penetr^s  de  fer. 
^erm.  Eisenhaltige  menschenkorper. 

Huhisiiiodi  corpora  humana^  funt  in  fodinis  ferreis 
rqjcrca.  cfr.NEH.  Grewe  in  MuJ.  Sqc.  Lond.  p.  33a.  Aiia 
Erud  Lipfl'  ann,  i6da. 

J,     ANTHROPOUTHI    MINERALISATI   aiprei. 
,  Corpora  humaka  cuprea*  Spec.  613. 

Sueth.    KOPPABHALTIGE    MBKHISKOKROPPAR. 

Gall.  Capavre^  humaikes  p^hetr^s  de  CUIVR£S. 
G^rm.  Kupferhaltice  mekschdkrorper. 

Exemplum  cranii  bumani  vitriolo  cupri  penctrativad* 
fcrt  Da  VILA  Cat.  T,  III  p.  2.32.  fed  a  colore  viridiy  po- 
tius  a  vitriolo  ferri  depcuderc  cxiftimamus,atque  idcO  ad 
Jpeciem  }.  hujus  paragraph!  pcrrincre. 

Ohfervationes  circa  petrijicata. 

Ohf.  T.  Corpora  que  hoc  in  ordine  ut  pctrificata  cniimcravi- 

mus  &  defcripfiimis  oWva 'oer a  fuiffe  corpora  organica,,  nonopua 

ut  prolixc  dtmonftrcmus.  Sufficlt  indlcaffc,  ab  corundcm  or- 

ganica  llruftura  in  regno  mineral!  pcregrina,  ab  analogia  &cx- 

aAa  convcnicntia  cum  original!,  quoad  fuprrficlcro,  magnir 

tudinem^  figuram,  nodoa,  futuras,  imo^  pimda  oculo  inarma- 

to  imperccptibilia,  ncc  non  quoad  Aibdantiam,  iibrarum  dire* 

dJonem,  partium  partes,  ut  &  quo^d  analyfin  chemicam,  fa* 

tis  in  aprico  pofltum  cflfc  horum  corporum  organifmum,  & 

confequenter  primam  genelin  non  fubtcrraocam  fed  ftiprater^ 

raneam  aut  fubaquofam  fuiflc*  c&.  $.  147.  Ohf.  a. 

C^!  2.  Ut  organicum  corpus  veram  ftibeat  plptrificationcBi, 

hoe  eft  in  lapideam  mutetur  na(uram ,  (equentia  videntur 

necefiaria  momenU  ^  requifita,  CaD  Ea  fit  indoU  &  duritia 

ut  oOnfacUe  putccfadionem  vclaliamd^ftiuftionemfubire 

O  o  4  pof- 


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m  ^  c  ^ )  >^ 

Boffit,  ft*  dhjHiw  In  tocis  fubtcrrancis  incorniptibiTc  coftto^ 
varL  Hoc  coDfirmat  cxpcricntia,  qua  patct  a  ve£^etabiUb9i^ 
Ugna  quo  durior^.  eo  frequei^itius  pctrificatarepcrirU  &quQ 
(90lliota  ^0  parcius ;  eadem  ratione  ammalia  nulla  frcqucQ* 
tius  &  majorl  copia  dcprchcnduntur  pctriiicata  quam  qiJt 
€ft^a  aut  tijta  duriori  gaudcnt,  vcl  duriori  funt  fubftaoda 
ut  rcliquorum  animaluim  offa.  0>)  t)t  ad  maximam  partes 
<iffipcntur  vcl  cxpcUaatur  calorc  rubierraneo^  yd  cum  fi» 
rnte  aqua  eluantur  &  auftrancur,  vel  a  terra  adjaccnte  fca- 
fim  9hioT\)t3intur  pMfticuU  'loUtiUs  if  jiuida\qu\bMS  corpo- 
ra organica  in  ftatu  natural!  compcfiu  &  quibus  tcrrcujrcs 
Sarticuhe  earundem  ad  inviccm  combinatae  &  conglutinita 
jcrunt*  (c)  Ut  In  harum  fluidarum  partlcularum  locum 
t^tbltituatur  alia  matma  ttrreftris^  aliquando  we^UiVa  aut  M- 
tuminojk^  qu«,  ut  iDgreffuni  in  poros  apettos  habcat^  necef* 
fc  eft  in  minimas  fit  divifa  particulas^  aquis  inbaerent,  ut 
cumfiuenti  aquM^  quum  per  fc  omcja  terra  immoblliSn  is- 
terilitia  vacua  occupare  poflit  ,  aut  vaporet^nus  intram 
(d)  Ut  hae  advcntitiae  particulae  tcrrcftrca  ea  fint  indole  atquc 
cum  prsexiftentibus  naturalibustcrrtftribus  bomogemit^^^ 
cum  ill dem  in  unum  corpus  coalefcere  pofflnt,  eui  ncgotioa|h 
Ciffimam  omnino  efle  tirfomcMicarMm  opinamur^  quod  ft  obfo* 
vationei  confirmant^  quibus  conftat  vix  alia  vere  petrificaa 
dari  quam  caicarea  aut /f/icw,  hanc,  vero  a  calcare^  ttrtM  ori^ 

ginem  babere  demoaftravimus  in  obf.  eircM  JUices  petrf 
»•  jicb.  2dd  Ut.  a.  i.  <.  Tom.  I.  f.  292 ;  ut  de  wet^iUict 
terra  nil  dicamui  cujus  alia  eft  ratio,  que  fcilicet  cum  phn* 
mis  terrarum  fpeciebus  combinatain  fremio  terraeoccurnt< 
Ce)  Scd  ut  iogrefius  particukrum  terreftrium  in  poros  corpo> 
um  organicorum  noa  eS  poffibilis  fine  vtbiculo^incc  folus  fiif> 
ficerc  poteft  adltpidlficationem.ausardiffimuBi  particular 
cum  ncxum  porcit>  aifi  cum  iisdem  particulis  tcrrefir3>of 
iccedataMt^M  hmida  feu  fluids^  qui  terreifaresparticulsiBO- 
ventur^  esdemque  cum  lerrels  particulis  in  corpore  oigi- 
Slice  prsexiftentibus  combinantur.  Huicnegotiorufidai 
eft  A}fUy  licet  ne([ari  non  poteft  hanc  eonglutinationea 
Dromoveri  a  maUrte  fslina  vel  Htuminofo  tut  minaraii  iooe> 
4filM^j,  cfi.  T„  I  p.  9a.  lit.  d^ 

M/3.  Ab  his  ad  perfeftam  pctrifieatiooem  enumeratisrtqiff- 
fit]8COb/*2.)elucet  non  uoivis  in  greroioterrxpetrificado^ 
fies  corporum  orgaaicorum  fieri  poiTe,  fimul  &  patee  eor 
cadcm  corpora  allU  Immutata  aliU  aalcioata&frag:}lift  alibi 

in. 


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indnrata,  alibi  pctrificata  &  mincralifata  rcpcrhintur.  Hanc 
diflFercnttam  opinamur  non  unicc  &  prxcife  dependcreab  in- 
dole corporis  percgrini,quaxn  faepc  cjusdem  generis  vcl  fpc» 
cici  corpora  ftjb  divcrfo  hoc  fch»ematc  divcrfis  inlocisinve- 
niantur,  licet  ncgari  non  poteft  indolem  ccrporum  in  ]:erpe« 
ftu  ad  duritiem  vel  mollltiem  plurimum  ad  hancdifferentiam 
contribuere,  prout  indicavimus  (  Ohf,  2.  lit,  a.  ^  fed  hanc  dif« 
ferentiam  potius  ab  indole  loci  in  quo  fepulta  fiierunt,  nee 
non  tmfore^  quo  baecfepulturacontingit^  ut  alias  reticc^mus 
circumltantias.  (A)  In  Jitperficie  itrrm  locus  pctrificationi* 
bus  apcus  eifenon  pottfl,  nificcrpuaperegrinumpriusfuerir 
in  moUion  materia  terrejiri  involutum  &  ab  eadeoi  penetra* 
turn  •>  (^uum  vegetabilia  &  animalia  facile  a  viciflitudiri- 
bwsagrig  deftruuntur  (cfr  Ohf  2.^  Qu«itaqueinfuperfide 
montium  reperiuntur  corpora  organiea  petrificata,  necefle 
eft  prius  in  molliori  terra  fuerint  fepulta,  ouam  ad  ifta  loca 
&  aefris  attadum  devata  flicrint;  necefle  &  eft  ipfummon* 
tetn  adhuc  mollioreni  una  cum  iisdem  fuiflc  elevatum*  (B) 
Ncque  in  terra  ficca  aut  arena  ficca  poflibilis  eflc  poteft  pe* 
triflcatio ,  ob  dcfcftum  cxhalationia  &  motus  his  In  parti- 
culis  &  granulis.  Nullum  vero  eft  dubium,  quin  corpora 
organic?,  ^n  'vn'!5r>Hi  <icca  terra  fepulta, a  commercio a<<- 
ris  &  aqu£  nuencisexciuAi,  diUtlflimefereimmutataconfer<* 
vari  poffint  (C)  In  aqua  ^ura  ,  quae  immlztis  caret  partl- 
culis  terreftribus  ad  petrificationcm  neceiTariis,  neque  pofli« 
bills  petrificatio  videtur.  Alia  eft  ratio  aqud  marine  y  qua 
particulis terreftribus  cd/cizm/  dijalims  gravida ,  poros  cor^* 
porum  penetrans,  easdemintrudcre  &  deponere  poteft  parti- 
culas,  quod  obfervationes  Doka.ti  in  Naturgefch.  des  4* 
driat.  p/leeres^  p  12.  c^nfirmare  videntur*  (D)  Loca  terre- 
fifia  ft  conlidercmui  ubi  plurimainveniunturpetrificataydc- 
prehendimus  eadem  utplurimum  efle  in  fiffili  lapide^  calca^ 
€areOy  margaceo  aut  fibtfiofo ,  raro  arenaceo ;  deprehendimus 
quoque  ipfa  organica  corpora  ita  hia  in  lapidibus  jam  efle 
iuclufa  &  Involuu,  ut  unum  cum  ipfo  lapide  eonftituant 
forpus,  atquc  faepiua  eudem  cum  ipfo  lapide  ambieatc  m^te- 
ffia  participant ;  hinc  fiuit  bos  lapidesolim  molliori  fulfil  tcx- 
tura  dum  baec  corpora  peregrina  in  iisdem  immixta  fueruat 
0/r.  lit  ilO  adcoque  &  nullum,  quoad  peirificationia incu- 
sabila,  apciorem  offc  locum,  quam  in  fulmmms  velfubter' 
ifiUfmuU  mis  tmejlfibns^^  caLareit^  argittaeeis  aut  caUMre9 
I  ^^B0^Sj  m^oribuii  huaidis^  ad  qui^  loeac  asiuaQ^lQV«a 
Ux^  imm  pcaetrare  pQtefU 

O  o  ;  Oif*  4« 


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Q^  4*  Tempus  quod  perfe&a  fequirit  petrificatio  detenntoi^ 
JDon  potelt.  Credibile  eft,  in  aliis  locis  cidus,  in  aliism* 
dius,  eandem  pcrficK  Id  yero  majori  cum  probabiliutcdi* 
cere  poflumus  vi:i^  aliud  ad  petrificationis  commpdum  cxi- 
Acre  vci  cxiftere  potuifle  tempus,  quamdu^i  corpora  orga- 
nic ,  quae  alias  nonnifi,  iix  ftipcrfidc  ttrrae  aut  fundi  marini 
fua  habent  domiclUa  ^  conteganitr  terra  molli  &  in  cadrm 
mox  reptli>nrur.  {cfr.  Ohj\  ^.lit.A.y D,j  Supponuntita- 
que  pctiihcsitioncs Jubitaneum  fere  motum^eundemque  xioUntm 
terre^rem.  M  huicDiomf^ilo  ^ddinius,  petrificationcseffeaB- 
Ter/^/a,  per  totum  fere  terrarum  orbcmdiipenas^ubivisla- 
nicn  libi  Jimiks^  eddm  indole  if  duritie^  pro  natura  lapidua 
diver fa,  live  calcarrae, five mar^ace«,fcbuLorab  five  micc« 
faerint  eUicffccrehincarbitror,  vicltDtum  iiaimriiotamtep' 
refit  em  remotij/imis  ab  bivc  temporihus  c^titijje  ^  ob  pcrfcdam, 
qua  petrificaca  gaudent,  duriti^ni,  bpidi  amblenti  fimilem, 
tinde  &  ab,  andquioribus  aufioribus,  qui  aute  bis  njillean- 
nos  vixcruDt,  petrificationum  fiatmcnuo;  cundcmquc  mo- 
tum  fuifle  univerfakm^  ideoquc  &  nonnifi  ab  univer  di  4/ff- 
iecauJTg,  dcpend^re  potuiflc,  qua^em  in  diluvsi  umverjalu  mi' 
tio  extltiffc  facra  p apna  nos  doccnt,  qualeni  &  dcindeci- 
tidffe,  nulla  hiftorica  fide  dici  poteO,  nullaqu^eblcrvato- 
pc  coofirpiari.  Particulare^  ctcnini  qisod  copverpit  wuraftc- 
neSy  qua$  globo  tcri:aqueo,  diverfis  t  mpor  bus^condfffc 
penjo  negar^  potcil,  illae  niillani  infcrr^  poflunt  univcrfa- 
litatem  nifi  fuccefliyam,  nee  arquali,tacr  m  in  petrificacis 
quoad  duritiem  •  ut  reticeamus  in  iisdenK  terras  yiolepto 
motw,  raro  yel  nMnquam  ita  eleyarsvtcxindcforrpcntur ^r*- 
ta  fupra  vel  fubterranea.  in  quibus  tamen  recondita  jaccot 
petrihcata.  Hinc  efi,  quod  in  locls^  qu9  particulates  (hbk- 
xunt  mutationeSy  inveniuntur  corpora  organica  nunqyam  pc- 
Crificata,  fed  immutata  vcl  parum  calcipata  aut  fra^,  inbu- 
milioribus  locis^  c  cfr  $.  153.  Spec.  ^71*  Otjl  2.) 

0b f,  5.  Indicavimui  plarimis  In  loci$  in  noftrls  obfcrvationt- 
buSi  circa  %»olitbos  $.  158.  circa  iebtbyolitkos  $.  I56.  circa 
conchylia  §,  153.  circa   pbytotypolitbos  *f.   148    utplurinitai 
exotica  liodierno  tempore  ilia  eflc  animalia  &  vegttabilii 
quae  in  aofirls  montibui  &  regionibus  a)  Usque  curopsis 
petrificata  inveniuntur,  &  quod  magii  mirandumr^  li^ 
Jubtetranea  ep%  generia  fepulta  in  firatl^  terrarum,  quae  bo- 
dierno  die  iis  in  locis  non  crefcunt  vel  crercere  pofluDC; 
^fr.  BMhth  Raifon.  Tom*  XVIII.p.  76.  Hinc  fluit  baee  co^ 
ppra )  aut  unda  marina  eifc  tranaportaM «  aut  tcrram  quo- 
ad 


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(>•  C  O  )  K|  587 

ad  fuam  fuperficiem  &  climata  eflc  nrutatam#  Ab  his,  po- 
fleriorcm  cfTe  potius  ampkacndam  fententiam  ,  adeoquc, 
dim  hdc  corpora  its  in  locis  ubi  repertuntur  fttijje  dome/lica,  Ju* 
perfisiem  vero  terra  £/  climata  ^vio lento  tnotu  uvherjali  mututaj 
Jeqttentihns  corroborare  z^ohmus  momentis,  imo*  Quod  absque 
motu  terrejirij  neccffario,  corpora  organicajn  fuperflcicter- 
rellri  ficrcnt  relifta,  ibidcmquc  aefris  &  aquarum  viciffitu- 
dinibus  cxpofitai  partim  deftruerentur,  partim  immutata 
pcrfifterent  (cfr.  ohjl  4,^  ^do.  Quod  rare  aut  nunquam  i/e- 
getahilia  cum  animalihus  iisdein  in  Ioci«  petrjficata  invenian- 
tur  (r/r.  ohf.  %  circa  conchyl  petrify")  quod  tamen  facile  fieri 
poiT-t  violento  quodam  motu  aquarum  ,  fed  ex  adverfo 
'oegetahilia  fuis  in  locis  dnimalialn  aliis,  & quidem alibi  ^on- 
cbyliay  alibi  ichthyolithi  alibf  ornitboUthiy  &  fic  porro,  rcperiri. 
3tio.  A  locts  ubi  hac  pctrificata  occurrunt,  alibi  ad  fummi- 
tates  &  cacumina  montium,  nonnuHibi  ad  loooo  pedum 
altitudincm  fupra  oceani  fuperficiem  clevata,  ad  qtiaeloca 
nee  vi  aquae  nee  propria  pcrvenire  potucrunt;  alih'i  adiOi 
12  imoj  140CO  pedum  profunditatcm  in  flracis  menfiwm  de- 
mcrfa,  aliis  lapidibus  tefta,  ad  quae  loca  nulla  aqua  trans- 
portari  potucrunt.  In  locis  iumilioribus  nonnlii  foJfiUa ^  feu 
corpora  pcrcgrina  immutata  reperiuntur,  quai  tamen  nun- 
quam inter  petrificatg  propric  diAa  connumerarl  dcbent, 
aliamque  habcnt  origlnem.  Qcfr.Spec.  571.  Obf.2.)  Nullibi 
vero  reperiuntur  haec  corpora  pcregrina  five  petrtfcuta  five 
foJfiUu  multum  difperfa  fed  intra  fuos  limites  fatis  snguftos 
accumulata,  undc  cluctt,  priora  in  loco  olim  natali  petri- 

^  ficationem  fubiiffe,  pofteriora  immutata  cffc  relifta.  His 
tnomcntis  breviter  jam  addere  volumus*  4to.  A  ;«j<J  men- 
tium  &  defa-tis  hodie  inhabitabilibus,  quae  cum  perfcftione 
orbis  prima  ab  omnipotcntc  creatorc  &  aqnononr\ifi  val- 
dc  bonum  &  fuo  in  gcnerc  perfediflimum  crcari  potuit, 
conciliari  nonpoffunt,  s^io,  ApritcipitatiQnihustzmmoxwXnxa 
quam  ftratorum,  nee  non  hinc  dependcntibus  fruJluUs  hpi^ 
deif  V  fax  fis  ubiquc  difperfi*;;  fffurir^  hiatibuSj  caverniSy 
cYjptis^  qua  horrida  facie  globus  terraqucus  nunquam  crea- 
tus  effc  potuit.  In  propaculo  cfle  arbitror  pofitum ,  globum 
terrejlrem  univerfalem  fuhiijfe  mntationemt  at  que  ^  fi  non  cninem^ 
tamen  maximam  telluris  bodi^  habitabtlis  partem  aquis  olim  fuijfe 
teHanty  fen  fundum  extitiffe  marinum.  Alia  vlto  univcrfalis 
fnutatio  fuperficici  globi  terras  nobis  ignota  quam  quae  la 
diluvio  cxilitit» 

Qua  rationc  haec  mutatio  in  diluvio  contigit ,  ut  noftram  bre- 
vitei  heic  dicamus  fentcntitm,  alibi  ubcrius  cxponcndam ;  ar- 


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bhramur^  t  rtetpUcvilis  tqotrum  flru  f<mtHus  tiyfi^  tqoai 
in  fupcrficiem  tcrrs  pervenire  non  potuifle ,  nifi  mtKiai 
vi  aquas  rurfum  propelleate.  Hanc  vim  fuifle  extrsorit 
furiam  If  miraculojkm  per  fe  patet,  videtur  tamca  probabt- 
liter  mutatione  OHtn  tclluris  fieri  potuifle ,  vet  «i  qnddim 
iompreJfivA  in  oceani  aquas  ^  fi  modo  ftipponamus  ,  globus 
terraqueum^  ^nte  dilMvium,  In  duo  hcmifbbaeria  fiiiflcdh' 
virum^  ao  maria  <r  monies  in  diverfia  globi  partibus  ei- 
titi0e,  son  veto  in  uno  eodemque  hemifbhcrio  ^  m  bo* 
dlerno  tempore  ftint,  permixtas  fuifle.  Hac  ipTa  rupcun 
toum  AiperQciem  telliiris  vehem enter  fuifle  concuflam^ds^ 
bitari  nequit.  Rupu  ac  concufla  Aiperficie  telkiria ,  ?i 
I>rofiiienti8  aqo«,&  firafti8atquepr9cq>]Catispkirimismoo^ 
tibus  ae  ftratia  terrarum^  fieri  aliter  non  potuit,  ^inili* 
bi  abyffina  loca  materia  implerentur ,  prcciptuta  Aipeifi^ 
cies  terra  deprefla ,  montcs  ideoque  aldus  fupra  ^andoa 
devati'  fierent,  alibi  loca  relinquerentur  vacua.  Hide  id* 
nera  maria  imo  ipfa  loca  marina  (iierunt  mutata ,  &  aqn 
ip  loca  decliviora  abire,  poft  diluvium  funt  coafts.  Ab 
bac  vero  mutatione  loci  aquarum ,  montium  fradurif  & 
praecipitationibus ,  aliisque  mutationibua  &  motibua ,  ali- 
tel*  fied  noupotuit,  quam  ut  Muilibrium  gravitatis  oa- 
teriae  in  mole  terreftri,  fieretquodammodofQblatum,&«sf 
(elluris  converfionis  dium^  t  ai  ploftum  orhis  awmd  Miqmu^  f^ 
hrque  fubito  mutatus.  Sic  Aibmarina  loca  plurima  ia  coo* 
(^eAum  venj^runt ,  plurima  vero  terrcftria  e  oontrario  yd 
praecipitau  vel  daprefla  aut  fubmerfa ,  partki  ad  fundta 
maris  9  pastim  in  cavitatea  tetreftres*  Hac  ratiooe,/arm 
UIIukU  pknarie  mutaUm  fuifft^  arbitramur,  &  fainc  omnii 
vere  petrificata  Aiam  primam  fine  dubio,  habere  crip- 
aem. 

Aliorum,  qui  hoe  in  n^odo«  de  origfne  petrificatorum  pri- 
ma ,  Tcire  deflderat  Tententtas,  eaadem  reperit  parttmap- 
probatas  partim  rcfutataa  apud  Rupfok  in  Hi^.  Kat.  xf 
Cabin*  du  Roi  T.  h  Bertrakd  Memoin  fkf  laJtrwRm 
htifieure  ic  k  terre.  R,  R^SFS  inffecinu  bi/f.  not.  fUi 
Urra^u^ 


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§.     160. 
Or  do  ^tiuf, 

FIGURATI  LAPIDES. 

Lapides  lieteromorpbi^ 
LuJidS  natura. 
Sucth«  Stekgtckel. 
Gall.  Pi^REES   ]pic unices  00  Jeux   de   la  NATU* 

Germ.  SxEiNspifeLE.    Naturspiele. 

Sunt  lapides  fittiplices  ^  utplurimum  filicei  vel  acbcu 
tint  iuc  calcarei  vcl  matmorei ,  raro  arenacti ,  qui  cafu 
quodam  fortuitOy  piSIuram  aut  figuram  niGti  funt  in  re- 
gno minerali  pcrcgrinam,  vegctaDilibus  quibusdam  aut 
aiiimalibus  vel  eorum  pardbus  ,  tlonnunquam  &  aliis  cor- 
poribas  naturalibus  Vel  arcefaflis  fimilcm, 

Oif.  Lapides  heic  enumerandi,  eadem  omnino  ftint  indole 
&  hatufa,  ii^deiKkquc  gaudent  proprietnlibus,  uno  verbo^ 
iidem  ftmt  lapides  quos  in  cUj/t  tda  dcftripfimus ;  Ibd  ut 
lithographis  curiofit  &  lis  qui  magls  ad  ezteriora  quam 
interiora  funt  attcnti,  fatisfiat  peeuliarem  tb  his  confti-^ 
tiiere  voluimvs  ordinem ,  qui  quidem  ob  diverficatem  pi** 
Autm  &  figurarum ,  in  infinitum  fere  extendi  poflet .  in- 
tra paucos  tamen  limites  indudere  yolumuSt  ut  aliqua  di 
infiius  natuTM  obtineatur  cognition 


c 


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ySWJ  0W  C  O  )  XJ 

§.  i6i. 

X,      LITHOMORPHL  Gen.  71^ 

Graptolitbuh'    V.  LinKc  i734 

LapiJes  pi£ii* 

Sueth.  MXlade  stE>iAft. 

Gall.   PlERaES  PEINTES.^     GRAP^tdtXTHfi^ 

Gernu  Gemahlte  stein e* 

Sunt  lapidcs  ^  aut  per  tot^m  fiibflanuam  dut  fuperfi^ 
CJalitcr  folum ,  materia  quadam  tnincrali ,  vcl  vapore^ 
plus  minus  eosdem  lapidcs  penetraacc  pi^U  figura  ali- 
quando  vcgctabilibus  honnullis^  aliquando  anjmalibns  vd 
corum  partibus,  aliquando  diis  in  regno  iniderali  pcit- 
grinis  corporibus ,  umili.  Pi£foris  itaque  officio  his  in 
lapidibus  pingendis  funda  eft  natura ,  undc  &  hi  lapidcs 
ad  minimum  binis^  ahquando  trinis  Sr  ultra,  coloribos 
conftaut  5  iisdcmque  iu  ignc  vel  cvaiiefceatibus  Vel  aua- 
tis. 

I.  LlTHOMORPHl  corporiks  c^Uftihus  piOi.   Uia^ 

NOMORPHI.  Spec.  €2^ 

Sueth.  M^LADE   STEKAR  MED  HIMMELSKA -KROPMR. 
CalK  PlERRES   PBIKTES  SUR  LESCJUELLES    OK  VOIT   DE! 
CORPS    CELESTES* 

Germ.  Gemahlte  steike  mit  himmblszeichek* 

(a)  URANOMORHiyofe  aut  luna  piSi. 

(b)  Uranomorphi  ftellis  piBi,    AsTRoiTiE  spuRUi 
Pfeudajlroiti. 

Achates  aftroeides.     Kircheri. 

Gemma  pontica.    Plinu  L.  XXXVI.  Cap^  XK 

Sunt  hae  ftcllulac  irregulares,  fibi  non  ubivis  fimi* 
les>  umbratiles,  in  fuperBcie  folum  haercntes,  fal- 
tem  noli  profuqdc  in  lapidcum  corpus  pcnctrantesi 

CO- 


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tx  C  o .)  Kf  59t 

colore  quoqiie  a  fubftantia  lapldca  dfvrrfo  gandcd- 
tcs ,  qua  ratione  a  geniiinis  ajtroitis  aliisque  lapidi- 
V    bus  lie  I  lads  facile  diftingui  J>offunt  ^  prout  iadicavi* 
m  ^s  Spec,  4f  3. 

'Ohj\  I.  Cfr.  ilffrf  Li><?r.  Stte^.  Vol, '2»  p^  4^9  ScheuchzeA 
Qy.  Helv.  p,  247.  Da  VILA  Cat.  T.  ii.  p.  282.  Nro* 
733- 

2.  LITHOMORPHI  corpoHltis  bumanis  vet  eorim  pit- 

tibus  pitli,    Anthrofomorphu  Spec*  62^* 

Sueth.  MXlade   stenar   med  menNiskobildSr  el- 

LER    DELAR. 
•  CjalU    PlERRES    PEINTES    AVBC   DES    FIGURES     HUmXI* 
NES. 

Germ.  Gemahlte  steins   mix   MEKscHENBit-^ 

Hiijusmodi  Inpides  nunquam  hon  imaginarii  cftc  fd* 
lent ,  in  quibus  ideoquc  ars  dcfcftuni  pifturae  fiipplcvit. 
Solent  hi  lithomorphi  vix  niHJiliceo  Vcl  acbanm  cflc  g6» 
ncrci 

(a)  ANTHROPO^itoRiPlli  capiti  hiMitno  piffi 
KuNDMANNi  R,  N.  ^  A^  Tab,  XI*  Nrd.  5.  7. 

(b)  ANtHftdPdMoi^pm  cordi  human&  pi£H.    Pmckh* 
pjTi^s,     Catdifca. 

KuNDMAii  \.  fe.  Tah.  IX*  NfO.  p.    Davila  Cat.  T* 

lU  p.  ^88»  Nro.  78^* 

Otf*  Q^«  ^^•'rf"  figura  in  niarmre  vet  mafgode  appatcnt  pie* 
fum(|uc  typalitbi  buurdtorum  (Spec.  5  6  lit.  g,  &  538.)*^* 
.   fte  folctit^  locum  Idcoquc  hcic  tion  habere  poffunt. 

^e)  ANTttKOPOMORPtti  cofperihus  bumanis  piSti. 

Jriuc   pertinent   0cbata   qHoruiti  mentionem    fccimua 

7oiw.  ].  Spec.  13^.  Oiff^.  quibus  piiinris  plura  ad* 

di    poffent   cxempla,   (i   opus   cffet,  vidcri    taoictl 

poffunt  in  Aldrovandi  Muf,  MetalU  pag.  7i<5-  ^t* 

que 


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59»  fcN  C  o  )  n^ 

que  mMarmofe  pag%  7<7  &  758*  in  Ath.  KiiciiE. 
Ri  M.  Ser/^/^rr.T.  ll.  L.  VI 11.  MtfceU.  Nat.  Curiof, 
Uh.  L  anno  L  p.  232^  if  iSj.  Th.  Barthcuh 
in  Epft.  Medic.  Cent.  Hi  Epift.  VI 11.  Kundman- 
MI  Kar.  M  ^  A.  p.  203,  ^c.  Tab.  XL  fig.  ^. 

4.  lXV\\OlAOR?lllanimalibus  vel eotwn  partihs fiBL 
ZooMORPMi.  Spec.  625. 

Achates  Zoomorpbus^     Nonnull* 
Sueth.  MAlad£   stENAii    med   Xtskilligp  siags 

DIUR. 
GalK   PlEKRES  PEINTES  AVEC  DES   ANIMAUX. 

Germ.    Gemahlte    steine    mit    verschiedenbn 

THIEREN. 

Hi  lapides,  animalia  vel  eorum  partes  depiftas  ofiio* 
dentes,  ad  poDflimam  partem ,  in  refpedu  ad  figunsi 
fuum  habent  in  imaginatione  fundamentum  ^  quai  atdli* 
ciofa  manus  magis  fimiles  reddiditt 

(a)  ZooMORPHi  quadrupediius  pi&i. 
Exemplum  ajini  cum  fuperequitanteviroattulitKui'D* 

MAN  Rar.  Nat.  ^  A.  Tab.  VI  I.  fig,  4^  plurt  apni 
auSlores  prius  eitato^  confpici  poflunt. 

(b)  ZooMORPHi  avibuspi&u 

JEiuc  pertinent  Hieracit^^  fimiles  colore  acdpiffta 
penniS)  nee  non  PEHDiciTiEi  qui  ftriis  &  colore  ptf- 
dicum  pennas  exprimunt.  Lachmukd  Or.  H.  p.  \i 
Agricola  de  nat.  foff*  L*  V.  p^  6ia 

(c)  ZooMORPHi  pifcibus  piQi. 

Hi  non  cum  icbtbyotypolitbis  confundendi  i  (\^ 
iisdem  criteriis ,  ut  indficatum  Spec^  Sxjf.  Hi-  b.  f^ 
diftingui  polTunt^  inprimis  irregulari  ho^iim  pifcitf 
pidorum  &  minus  adsquata  figura» 
Cd)  ZooMORPHt  aiHpbibiis  piBi. 
.  (c)  ZooMo&PHi  infeSis  piSti^ 


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•^  C  o  )  >4  593 

£xefnplum  aramai' confpicitur  in  Kundm^  R»  M  ^ 
A.  Tab.  XL  Nro.  6j.  &  dubito  annoa  aranea  ibU 
dem  Tab.  XI 1.  Kro«  14*  dcpids  hue  rcfereodas^ 
(F)  Zoomo^phX  vermibus  pi&u 
(g)  ZooMORPHi  cornubus  animaliumpiSfi.CtiLATiTM. 

Hue  pcrtinct,   m  Fallot,  Juxta  mcntem  Wormij  in 
Mij/I  piig.  95.     Cerachates  Plinii,    cfr.  ej'usL 

^Hift.  Nat.   L.   XXXV IL    Cap.   X.  Agricola  dc 

"^  Nat.  Fojf.  L.  VI.  p»  303.  cfr^  quoquc  Tom.  I.  p. 
48?.  lit.  g. 
eiiP  Exempla  hdrum  omnium  animalium  in  lapidibusdivcr-^ 
fis,  dcpi&a  lege  &  conrpici  poiTunc  apud  nu£lorei  priusci* 
tatos  C^^^ec.  635.  lit.  h.  )  nee  noa  in  My-i^ii  Memor.  Sax. 
Subt.  HEkMAHMi  Maskgr^  Valsntini  Muf.Mif.  Hel* 
VtinG  Litbogr.  Angerb,  P.  IL  Lachmukd  Ofycbtogr.  Hi7* 
^esb.  alios  ut  reticeamus  litbogrdfb^s  &  Ofytbtograpbos. 

^  LITHOMORPHI  vegetubitiius  ^  e^rum  parttbus  pi. 

BK    DfiKDRiTU  Spcc^  &t7» 

Fbytomorpbi^    M.  R% 
Borfycites^     Plikii. 
CraptoUthus  nemota^  ftuticei^  pl^ntas  mujcosvt  rtfe* 

iren^.  v.  LiKn^*  173.  3, 

DenJrcyUes.    Kukdmanni. 

Achates  pbytamorpbuSr. 

Sueth.   MXlade   StfiNAR  Ml£l)   ]tstXil.UG&  SLAGS  VI* 

cetabilier.    Dendriter. 

Gall.  PlERRES  PEINTES  AVEC  D&S  VEtiETAint.     Deh* 
Y  DRITE^^ 

Gently Gemahlts  StEtNfi  Uit  verschiedeMsh 

PFLAN2EN^      De^DRITEN. 

Sunt  lapides  ,  qui  dfbufta  &  dumeta  nee  Hon  regio- 
nes,  fylvofis  lacuum  vel  fluviorum  ripis,  aliquando  dt 
inonrium  jugfs  confpicuas ,  fiftunt  dejpifibas ,  fed  nunquim 
cxadam  alicuius  plants  figuram  cxprinumti  uitef  i6gura« 
tos  frequentiflinu^ 

Tom.  IL  P  p  Ca)  Diti^ 


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^94  ^  (  o  )  Kj 

a)  Devj>mtm  intigras  regiones  ^villas  cum  arbwu 
reprafentantes.    Chorolithi, 

(jb)  DfiNDRiTiE  lacus  £if  flumina  cumf)lvoJis  ripis  re- 
prajintantes.    LiMNiXiE, 

(O  DfiNDRiTiE  nemoYibtiS  vel  arhorihus  ^  fruticibus 
ramofis  piBi.    Nemolithi^ 

(d)  DENDRiTiE  mufcofa  figurapiSli.  LiCHENtXit^ 

(e)  DENDRiTiE  alg<£  figura. 

iiraptolitbu^  algas  referens.     v.  Linn^  173.  4* 

(f>  De^dkit JEjirobiluni  abietis  references. 
Graptolitbus  ftrobilum  aiieiis  referens^  v.  LiNxd  174.8. 
I  lie  eft  hpis  fcbiftq/us  llmenaueitjis  ,  qucm  hac  figura 
ornatum  Baumer  in  Min.  R.  T.  1  p.  103.  inter  pf- 
trificfita  canmeravit  &  dcliacavit  Fig*  If.  Repcritnr 
&  hcic  in  Suecia.  idem  ni  fallor,  qucm  uc  ylr:fia 
figara  oraatum  dcfcripfic  Langius  in  JB.  N.  Curiof. 
Tom.  VI.  app.  p.  I4f, 

(g)  DENDRiTit  rofis  piBL    RHOoiTiE. 
^uiit  hi  parum  ab  aftroitis fpiiriis  (^Spec.  624^  Ht.  b) 
diftinfti.  cfr.   Davila  T.  \\.  p»  aS4.  Nro.  734.  & 
293.  Nro.  820. 

Ohf.  I.  Plurlmi  antiquiores  lithograph!,  hot  figuratos  lapi&S 
&  pbytotypolitbos  Tub  uno  codemque  comprehenderunt  tior 

.:  lo,  utrosqiic  dendtiias  vocando,  fub  quo  nomine  1  nonnuUi 
&  COS  dcfcripferunt  lapideBy  qui  vcgetabilia  relpfa  indulk 
cotidncnt ,  &  ad  pttripcata  a  nobis  funt  connumcrata  ^* 
Sp^c.  428.  ohf.  1.  KuNDMAN  inlVomf.  R^.  Nrf^atqucnbr 
rius  dehidc  in  Kar.  Nkt  &•  Artis  p,  133.  &c.  Typolitbos  l 
fhirati^  diftiuxit,  priorcs  dendritar^  podctiores  veto  dewim' 
der  vocando.  Sed  j  pro  vitanda  squivocatione  &  confo- 
fione  rcx^cnttores  fcriptores  nonnifi  bos  pofteriores  icaift- 
tai  appellare  voluerunt,  reliquos  ad  typolitbos  pldutsfwuTt* 
fcrcntea.  Quoaiodo  vcro  hi  JigurAU  a  typolitbis  funt  diftior 
gucndi^indicavimus  in  Ohf  1.  ad  pbytotypolitbos  fui  lit.  B. 

Obf  2.  Hos  dendrUicos  lapides  curiofi  hodic  in  binas  d'ftto- 
gwse  Tolcnt  fpecles,  quoad  hfin,  in  qua  plftura  cxiftunt. 

CA^  Deh- 


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tx  C  o  ;  K|  595 

(A")  Dendracuates  illos  vocaot  lapides^  qui  femtpellucidl 

Cextura  iunt  aequabili  ftfuperficiegaudentquafipoiita^qua* 
Ics  plurimi  ex  achatssy  qui  hiijusmodi  pifturis  lunt  ornati, 
quae,  allquando  totam  fubftantiamlapidcam  penetrant,  quo 
cafu  polituram  admiteunt,  falva  manentc  figura;  aliquan- 
do  cutem  in  rimo%  lapidibus,  fuperficialiter  folum  quafi 
illinitae  funt,  quo  caUi,  polituram  non  admktunt,  decsete* 
ro  ea  Ajbtilitate  &  pulchritudine  ut  fspe  quaH  peritiflimo 
artificr  cffent  faftae.    cfr.  Tow.  h  Spec.   135.   Lit.  C.  6*  p. 

286.  o/y:  3. 

CB)  UHNuaiTAS  fimplicitcr  vocant  reliquos  lapidcs  opacos 
hujusmpdi  pi&uris  veiyttper/?fw//ttt/,  polituram  idcoquc  non 
admittentibus,  vcl  toUm  J'uhfiantiam  ptnetYMtitibus  pj^j  quo* 
rum  pldiira  nonnifi  rudis  effc  potell  in  lapidibus  fuperfi* 
cie  &  textura  inaequabili  atque  granulari  praeditis.  Tales 
funt  (a)  Calcares^  inprlmis  calcarei  fifties ^  qui  fupcrficiali ca* 
demgue  rudi  praediti  figura.  Hue  &  refcrri  fiiffunt  Jpatba 
dewdritica,  inprimif  lapis J'uillus  dendriticus,  cfr.  ABa  Ut.  Svtc. 
VoL  2.  p.  310.  (i)  Marmorei^  in  marmore  piElorio'Flonntino^ 
dc  montc  Simii ,  aliiique  locis.  cfr.  T.  J  Spec.  58.  lit.  b.  qua? 
marmora  polituram  admittunt ,  pidura  totam  Aibilantiam 
lapideam  pcnetrante.  (c^  Margodes  marmorei;  Sid  Hildesbeim^ 
Pappenbeim ,  Solnhof^  Oeningen  xfc,  qui  ftipcrficialiter  pidi, 
polituram,  falva  figura  non  admittunt ;  pidura  Wcct  in  igne 
pcrfiftens  effe  poffit,  ut  dicit  Kukdman  iuR-ir.  N.  ^  Art^ 
p.  1 34  ,•  (c)  Arenarii^  ut  in  cote  fijjili  in  Saxonia  &  alibi,  fti- 
pcrficialiter pifto  (d)  Jilices^  petrojilices  nee  non  jajpides  qui 
Dendp.o  jAspiDks  a  nonnullis  appellari  folent,  rcpcrti 
ad  Landsbttt  in  Germunia  &  alibi,  qui  omnes  nonnifi  fuper* 
ficialiter  per  rimas  pidi  effe  folent^  Co  Scbiftafi ,  ut  in  di- 
vcTds-Jcbifii  fpecicbiis  ad  Angers  in  Gallia;  in  Tburinpai 
ad  Manfab  &  alibi  in  Getmania,  atque  heic  in  Suecia  pidu- 
ra fuperficiali.  (f)  PetriJicsLtioues  ^  inprimis  comua  ammo* 
ttis  petrifieata^  nonnunquam  his  pidurls  funt  ornatae  repcr* 
tae  ' 

Ok/l  3»  Spccialiter  dc  dndritis  frripfcrunt  Tillincius  ia 
Mtji.  N.  C.  Dec.  II.  An.  Obf,  66,  Scheuchzer  in  Epb 
N.  Cur.  Cent.  UL  An.  Vet.  Vf  app,  Ritter  de  jW)o/i>to 
dendroitit.  K.  Stobaus  in  Differt.  Hiftori^e  Naturalis  Den* 
driise. 

.    LlTHOMORPHl,  arte  faBis  piai     Technomor- 
PHI.  Spec.  5a8t 

F  p  a  Suech. 


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«9«  ^<Co)>^ 

Sueth.  MXladb  stsnar  med  Xtsxilligs  af  Komt 

CIORD£    SAKER. 

QalL    Pl£RR£S    PEINTES    AVBC    DBS    CHQSSS    ABtin* 
CI£LL£S. 

Germ.  Gemahlte  steins  mit  verschibdemeheinu 

Kl^NSTLICH£N    ARBEIT   CL£ICU]pNDBN   SAC6£N. 

Sunt  lapidesi  quji  varia  artefa^  corpora  via  opm 
uis  piduris  reprsfentanL 

(a)  Technomorphi  cruce  pi3i.    Staurolithk 

Graptbolitbus  lineam  flriasque  transvetfas  refenns.  t. 
LiNNe  173.  a. 
Probe  hi  lapides  figurati  vcl  pidi  ab  iUis  diftiagiiefldii 

3ui  venulis  albis  vel  alius  coloris  fe  fecantibus  ga* 
ent,  quales  plurimi  filicei  repenri  folent ,  quonn 
crux  ad  fuperhciend  utriusqe  later iB  fe  extcndit,  fioi 
ita  veto  in  pidis.  cfr.  A.  B.  a  Boot  ia  G.^l 
tibr.  11.  cap.  24^.  M£RCati  Metall.  ^4137.  Fbvii- 
LE  Ohj.  rb.  11.  5:31. 

(b)  Technomorphi  Uieris  vd  mamris  piQi.  Garak- 
trohius  lapis  wormii.    Lapides  Uitraiu 

Qui  numeris  pidi,  folent  arithmetici  vocari,  cfir.Dr 
VILA  Cat.  l\  11.  p.  194*  Nro.  8a6f  I^  noaBs^ 
Chrifti  achats  infaipto.  cfr.  J.  Jungius  in  Mijc.  iV 
c.  Dec.  I.  ann.  u  otf.  112. 

Cc)  Tfchkomorphi  notis  muficaUhus  piSi.    Lapiob 

MUSICAL£S. 

(d)  Technomorphi  regionibus  piBL    Lapidbi  oo- 

GRAPHICI. 

Graptolitbus  mappam  geograpbicam  referens.  r.Ub^^ 
173-  I- 

(e)  Tecuhomorpui  f^uris  matbemaHcit  piSti. 
Graptolitbus  circulos  concentricos  txarns.  ▼•  Likbs 

Hue 


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tH  (  o  J  K|  597 

Hoc  &  ill!  pertinent ,  qui  pyramides  i  ohlifc^s  Tel  a- 
lias  reprsientant  figuras.    Davil a   Cat.  T*  1 1  p» 

283.  Nro.  741* 

fC)  TiCHHaMOitRHi  ruderihus  urUvm  Vil  adificiorum 

piQu      LaPIDES  &UDERALES. 

Graptolitbus  ruder  a  ruratjue  referens.  v.Ltnn6  173. 3. 
Hue  pertinet  inprimis  marmor  FlorenHnum. 
(g)  TEQnvouo^^nvsfigwisfaginatis. 
GfBftolitbuS  impreffionibuT  fagittatis.v.  LlKKClTl.  6. 
Dc  hoc  Upide.<fn  Volckman  Silef.  3.  p.  332^  Tab* 
IV,  fig,  6[. 

Ohfervatiems  circa  Ikbomorphos  lapides. 

i>bf.  2.  ^uod  de  dendriticis  lapidibut  C^ec.  637.  Oi/T  2. )  in- 
dicavimus,  eosdem  efle  vcl  fuperjiciah  folumpidurapraedi- 
tos,  velinterrumlapidempcnctraate  figura,  fflifri»/^cj,  hoe 
idem  valet  de  omnibus  lapidibus  litlioinorpliis.  Diverram 
h«  pifturae  diverfx  fine  dubio  agnofcunt  originem* 

$aferfif$akt  pi&ura  ftint  probabiliter  ftdc ,  a  liquida  quadam 
materia  falina  plus  minus  corrofiva,  &  metalUco  forran  va* 

f)ore  vel  metalUcis  pardculis  imprsgnato^  rimas  &  fifluraa 
apidum  penetrante^  deinde  vero,  |n  ramulos  vel  alias  figu« 
ras  fe  dimindeate,  atque  tub  coagulationc  vel  exhalations 
&  diflipatione  liquidi  fe  extendente,  vaponim  m6re   Aib 
coagulatione  vel  congeladont.    fiHurst  (f  imagines  inttinfi* 
€4t^  per  totum  lapidcm  fe  extendentes,  originem  forfan  ha* 
bent  a  molli  terreftri  vel  giMnoJa  materia  eaUarea^  bitumi- 
Bofis  metallicis  aut  aliis  paiticulis  mlneralibus  tinfta ,  qu9 
cum  rcliqua  Aibftantia  aut  mafia  lapidea^olim  moUiori^di* 
^  verfiixode  commixta  fuit.    Quin  vero  &  aliquando  origL 
nem  habere  poffint  h«  inrrinfecae  figurae ,  praecipue  in  la« 
pidibus  tenuioribus,  a  l\ibtili  vafwe  mineraU  pronmdius  la» 
pidem  penetrante ,  negare  non  poflemus. 

O^.  a.  (^omodo  ach^ta  artificialiter  pingi  pofTunt  Indicavl- 
mus  (Tom.  I.  ^ecy  135.  Oif.  3.  p.  t86.)  Mamora  aliique 
lapides  molllorcs^facilius  pinguntur,  dum  eonim  inter  fru- 
ftula  vel  lamellas  iaterponatur  cbarta  in  qua  figurae  funt 
dclineata?,  a  mixtura,  praeparata  a  intri9h\  fale  fommuni^ 
shfmne^  ajua  felutii  *  cum  petrgltQ  dclnde  commixtis. 

P  p  }  Vel 


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Vel  ab  Mtramenio  firiptorio ,  fortiter  vkrieto  ifflprsgnato  & 
acuto;'ddnde  fruftuiaaut  lamellae  fortiter  ad  in  vicemcoi- 
binantur;  omnesque  later  lamellas  aperturae,  pro  evitandi 
omni  inhalationc  &;  exhalacionc,cerabeneclaudentur,qv- 
bas  pcradis  lapldes  loco  humido  vel  in  ccUa  vel  alibi  pre 
nonnuUos  menfes  reponuotur.  Foflunt  etiam  artificiiks 
figura  in  marmore  produci  SLfolutione  btna  in  aqua  forti  iSist 
ta  9  fruftulo  ferreo  applicatis,  aliisque  modis.  cfr.  Coho^ 
MIH£  in  Mm.  fartf.  173 1.  p.  ^66.Hifi.  dePAta^Mh^ 
1733*  ^'  3S*    G£SN£R  de  fetrificatit  p.  13. 


§.t6^ 


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^  (  o  )  ►a  f  99 

$.  162: 

..  LITHOGLYPHI.    Gen.  73. 

Litbomorpbu    Nonnullorum* 

Lapides  figuratu 

SllCth.      BiLDSTENAR.      FoRMADE  STENAB.. 
Call.      LiTHOGLYPHlTES.      PlERRES    FIGUH^ES. 

Germ,    BiLDSTEiNE.    Geformte  steine. 

Suat  lapidcs  plcrumquc  vulgares  ^  caUareif  arenaces^ 
faxofi^  f^pius  ftalaSitici  vcl  topbacei^  raro  acbatini  ,  in 
terra  vcl  lupcrficic  terrae  difpcrfi,  va^i,  qui  cafu  quodam 
forcuito,  fraftura ,  motu,  attricu  vcl  alia  quacunque  cau- 
fa  Bgiiram  obtiauerunt  in  regno  miaerali  percgrinam,  quai 
,  fi  arte  fufi  vcl  cafi  cffcnt. 

Obf.  Sub  hoc  gencrccomprchcndcruntolim  lithograph!  omnc- 
japidc^  &  mincras  peculiar!  figura  pneditas,  unde  magna 
confufioorta,  dum  ad  hoc  genus  fiierunt  reUti^  non  fcluni 
natHralitef^  conttanti  figura  prsediti,  quales  nonnuUx  minf 
Ydt^  fed  &  llli  lapidcs  qui  reipfa  zdpetrificata  pertinent.  Su- 
perfunt  quoque  adhue  nonnulli  Upides  ab  ilUs  &fcripti 
quorum  magis  accurata  defideratur  defcriptio*  Nos  ad  hoG 
genui  non  alios  connumerare  volumus  lapidcs,  quam  qui  b- 
Jh  natura^  peculiarcm  &  peregrinam  obcinuerunt  flguram. 
Sub  hoc  gencrc  Itaquc  comprchendentur  nonniiUi  calcani 
figurati^  Inprimis  vcro  filices  figurati,  quorum  mentionem  fb- 
cinuis,  Tom. I.  p.266.StaIaEliu  plurimi  Qcfr,Spec.  4IS&  5i7^ 
Ut.  ^. }  nee  non  tophus  polymorphus  (  ^ec.  414. ) 

!♦  LITHOGLYPHI  homines  vtl  eorum  partes  referen- 
tes.    Anthropoglyphi.  Spec  619, 

Suetb^   BlLDSTEKAR    SOM     LIKNA    MEKKISKOR     flLLCR 

EES  DELAR 
Gall.    PlERRES  FIGURCES  OU  LITHOGLYPHITES  EEPRB- 

SEKTANT   DE$    FIGURES  HUMAINES^ 
Germ.  BiLDSTEiNE   die  DEM  MENSCHEH  ODBR  DE$* 

SEN  TUEILEK  QLBICHBN. 

P  p  4  Sunt 


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Sunt  tapfdcs ,  qui  figura  faepe  fatis  diflFormf  &  ima- 
giaaria ,  alignali  tgoiet;  cqm  homviibiis  vcl  cQrum  parti- 
^us  fimiUtudine  gaudent^ 
(a^ANTHB.0FOGLYPHix;9/^grfi«i  bommm  repra/entaih 

tes.    Anthropoglypui; 
9\m%  miaorcs  quad  ftatua^^  qua^  repr^fentan^  aliquant 
dp  integrun^  homiqepi  crcdi^oi  vel  fcdentem  ,  alk 
qjuando  din>idia^uavvel  plus  minu&  amputacum  ,  fu4 
licet  id  figura  fiht  iQaxime  difFormes  &  miaus  pro 

fortionata?.  cfr.  Ulys.  alprovandi  Muf.  Meta^ 
Ielwihc  Idtk  Angerb^  ^.   5:5^  Tab-  W)\.  fig.  i. 

(b)  AiSTHEOFOGi.YjfHi  capuf  vel  cramim  corporis  bik 
mani  referentesl  Cephalit^. 

Lapidem  facieca  bumaoam  repxapfciuaatcai  fifHt  H^i^ 
WING  Litb.  Ang.  Lib,  VII.  fig*  5^ 

(c)  Anthropoglyphi  octdum  referenteK   Ophthai* 

Hi  non  confuodi  debeat  cum  lapidihui  octdariius^  ad 
cpercuJiias  connumpraris  (^Spec.  49^1.  lit.  d.)  tKqt» 
ciim  onycbe  eculari  C  Spic.  1^9.  Tom.  L  pag.  27 j\ 
cum  quo  tamcnmaKiiuamhabcntconvcnientiamtfuat 
ctcnw  W  opbialmita  ^lices  opaci  dirtrfc  coloratk 
firacis^  feu  zonisi  it^  compofitU  ut  figura  tan?  ex^ 
trinfeca  c^u^iQ  inti;inf<:ca  ociiluxn  tcpraefciucot.  £x 
Utore  marim  Norwegio  ^lem  pofiidco. 

(d)  ANT«»OPOGLYf«^  for  bumanum  referems.  Ca** 

iunt  figiift  cofdisy  i^bufmtdiHs^  Spec.  fi^O  diftv^ 
gucncfi*    Davila  Cf/.  Tt  !/♦  jp,  j[oq% 

Cc)  ANTHROFOct^TPHi  monmarum  mdiebri^m  figuri^ 

j(iAP»E«  MAMM1LJLA,R£«» 

Referunt  mamniiUas  vel  papiHas  ittiiUebres,  vocancor 
a  GfiSN£&a  d€  i^.  Lap.  UtpidespapiUares^z  Luidio 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Stallagmiia  papillate s,  cfir.  Baier  Or.  Nor.  p  37* 
lab.  h  fig.  }7'  Helwxng  Litb-  Ang.  p.  ^7, 

(f)  Anthropoglyphi  penem  vitikm  referentes.    Co- 
tnjE.   Phailoidks. 

Sunt  rcpcfti>  qui  mctnbrum  virile  integrum  cum  tc-» 
fticulis  reprsfencant ,  alii  qpi  folum  partem  anterio- 
(em  quodlammodo  exhibent^  non  confundendi  ^um 
priapoliibo  iilter  corallofu?K^ifas  (Spec.  4^8.  lit.  a,  ) 
hequc  cum  belenmitis  (Spec.  46^.)  9  quibu^  non* 
nulliolim  idem  nomcn  obnnuerunt,  quemadmodum 
&  art  hoc  er  atit  (B  i^OTitvaWi  (Spec  487-)  nee  aoncana^ 
lithi  (  Sp^c.  4j^f .  y  Hue  qui  pertrnen?  aut  filicei 
cflTc  (olciit Aut ftalaSHci  vel  tvphacei.  cfir.  Lang  11 
Hifl.  LaD.  fig.  p,  ^tf,  lab,  X.  Bmbk  Or,  ^vr. 
lab.  I.  fig.  3S.  Helwing  Litb.  An^erby  Tab.  Vth 
fig.  6.    IJayila  Catal  1\  II.  p.  300.  Nro.  844* 

(g)  Anthropoglyphi  tefticulos  velfcrotum  referentes. 

Hos,  ni  vaide  fallor,  ad  aritas^  poftea  dercnbendos;, 
ciTc  referendos  opinamur,  licet  negare  non  poffimus 
4ari  tophos  hujus  figuras.  Horam  mcn^onein^facit 
Da  VILA  /•  f.  p.  ^oQ. 

(b^  Akthropoglybhi  figfUrm  renum.    Silicss  hehi- 

FORMES. 

$unt  ffllces  vul^ares  interdum  &  tophi  ^  qui  cafu  banc 
fguram  obtinueruot,  non  confuhdeixdi  cqm  miner  a 
pyriticofa  &  martiali  b^matitica  ^  qus  etiam  tuc  fi- 
gure donatae  prius  fiiis  locis  ^fktiptx. 

(i)  ANTHROPoqiYPHi  manus  humanas  referet^tes^  Oix- 

RITA* 

SuQt  fialaSiia  hac  figure  pra^ti.  AldrOvandi  M. 
M^t.  pag,  4^1.    DaVi^a  h  6w 

(k5  A^Tntiovocit^mP^/il^M((f  re/erentes.  Scb- 

F  |)  I  Re* 


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«02  t>4  C  O  )  K| 

Rcpcrti  fiitit  huJQsmodi  pedes  laptdei  vd  fimpUces  fd 
ochrean ,  iiUcea  vel  tophacea  materia  aut  llabftia 
Bruckman  Tbe/^  Due*  Brunfw.  p.  71.  Tab.  XiV. 
iig,  i.  II.     Baier   Or.  Nor^  pag.   ^7.  Tai.  h  fi^. 

(1)  Anthropoglyphi  offk  bumana  referentes.    Eno- 

STEOS. 

Diflinguendi  ab  ofteocoUa  (  Spec.  414O  nee  non  ab  af 
bus  petrificatis  QSpec.  620);  figura  folum  hiofiisca' 
jusdaai  humaai  gaudent,  (ilices  narur^,  quales  adli- 
tora  lacuum  vel  maris  repenri  folcnt.  cfr.  Gesnei 
dc  Fig.  Lap.  pag.  if 2.  Helwing  Litb.  Angerb.^ 
57.   Bruckman  Ib^j.  D.  Br.  'Lab.  XlJl. 

5t.  ZOOGLYPHI  bruta  animalia  vel  eorum  partes  reft, 
rentes.    Zooglyphi.  Spec,  (/p, 

Sueth.   BiLDSTENAR   SOM  LXKKA  OIUR  ELLER  DES  OP 

LAR. 
Gall.   ZOOGLYPHITES   OU    PIERRES   FIGUR^ES  REPEi- 

SENTANT   DES   ANIMAUX« 
Germ.   BiLOSXElNE  die  THIBREN  goer  DEREN  XHEi- 

£eN   GLEICHEN. 

(a)  Zooglyphi  quadrupeda  teferentes. 
Occurrunc  apiid  lithoginiphos  hujusmodi  lapides  ftdi- 
Bid  ^    topbacei  vel  Jlhcei^    qui,    I'ua  exrrinfeca  fi- 
gura, aliquando  Q\xm.leone^  aliquando  cum  cane.i 
lie  porro ,  imaginatione  plurimum  ad/uvaatc  ,  cooi- 

Sarari  poffunc.  cfr.  Ulyss.  Aldroyanw  Muf.  Met. 
jRCHEKi  Mund.  Subt.  &c. 

ab)  Zooglyphi  avium  figura. 

Davila  I.  c.p.  300*  Nro.  84a, 

Cc)  Zooglyphi  ampl^ibwum  figure. 
(d)  Zooglyphi  infe&orum  figfura* 
Hue  coaaumccari  poflunt  qui  mdum  v^arUm  teSc 
runt  I    allquand#  apparencer  cum  fcurHao  iaclufo* 

cfr. 


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t>t  C  o  )  K*  «o'3 

cfr.  Heiwing  L.  Ang.  p.  62.  Tab.  VII.  fig.  17. 
1 8'  dc  quibus  antca  locuti  fujnus  in  0^/.  r/Vra  en. 
tbomoU 

(c)  ZooctrvHi  vermhm  figura^ 

Poffideo  concrctum  martialc,  quod  ex  aflc  vcrmcm 
fca  lumbricum  tcrrcftrcai  rcfert.  Hue  forlan  &  fal- 
tcm  noniiulli  lapides,  qui  a  lithographis  pro  lunJ^ri-^ 
cis  pctrificatis  funt  habici ,  pertinent. 

(fj  ZooGLYPHi  capitis  cujusdam  animalis. 

La^chmund  in  Or.  HilJes.  fiftit  filiccm  6gura  corpo- 
ris aviSy  c^pitccanino^  alit  de  capitibus  bourn  ^  cm- 
num  &c  loqunntur. 

(g)  ZooGLYPHi  lingua  qucidrupedum  figura.  Buglossi* 
•  Ab  his  nonnulli  arte  funt  fadi ,  inferius  defcribcndi^ 
qui  tamen  hcic  Jocum  non  habent ;  qui  cafu  vcl  lu- 
lu naturae  foroiati  funt  iiguf a  linguas  >  hue  pertinent, 
cfr.  Helving  Litb.  Ang.  p.  59.  Tab.  VU.  f.  g* 
Davila  C  T.  1 1. 

(h)  ZooGLYHi  cornuum  figura.  Gekktitm. 

Hi  funt  diftinguendi  ab  htppuritis  corallinis  (tw  cerati' 
tis  QSpec.  4f6.  lit.  ^./•g)^  nee  non  a  ceratitis  pi* 
Sis  Spce.  6a6.  lit.  g.  Hue  pertinct  kuceros  feu  cera- 
tites  Maslenfis.  cfr.  Volckman  Sil.  Subt.  p.  64^ 
Tab.  V.  fig.  2. 

(i)  ZooGLVPHi  Toftri  avim»  iigt^a. 

Davila  Cat.  T.  //.  p.  3or»  Nro.^^ 
(kj  ZooGLYPHi  ovorum.    Oolithi. 
Lapides  figura  ovi  vel  intcgri  vel  bifefti  funt  reperti. 
Poffideo  filiceum  ovum  bifcftum  ,  ovb  bifefto  galli- 
narum  exafte  fimile.    Ovi  integri  mentionem  facie 
Davila  Ic  c.  p.  301*  Nro,  tf. 

.  LITHOGLYPHI  vegetuhitia  ^ionum  pmrtes  refenn^ 
$€S^    Phytogltphi*  Spec.  631. 

Sueth^ 


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t04  ><C©>«I 

Su^h*  BiLMTfNAE  SOM  LIKKA  &tJt%  IWER  UTSDl^ 
I,Aa.  ■ 

GalL  LlTHOGLYPHITlS  OU  PIEERES  FIGUR&S  QUI 
REPRFSENTENT  DES  VEGETAUX. 

Germ.  BlLDSTEINE  DIB  PFLANZEN  U>*I>  I>WBH 
TUEILEN  GLEICH£K« 

(a)  ?HjTOQLr?iii  fig^a  fruj^uli  linnet.  StWEChit^. 
Sunt  fiUccs  C5?triafccc  firuftuli  lignci  inftar  fibrofi  ,  in- 

triafccc  vcro  folidu     Ex  Htore  maris  ca/^i.    ^* 
Agricola  dc  Nm  Faff.  L  V.  p.  6iu 

©W:  Sunt  &  alH  lapldcs  flekcbittt  minoupaii,  utp»tc  o/leoc^ 
$p€€.  414.  &  Utboxyla  Spe^.  429*  qui  tamcn  hue  prxcife 
non  pertinent,  licet  ofteocolla  aliquando  figuram  wuhiU 
lignei  habere  poffiL 

(b)  Phttogi^yp^ii  fruBus  v^lh^Uma  ref^nnM.  Cae- 

fOLITHt 

Hue  pcrtincat  pJicts  iicc  nonjlalft^mkm  eonft&ionariu 
(  5*f  er.  417,  //>•  «. )  vcl  alii  Upiacs  >  qui  amygdals^ 
cerqfa^oJivaSy  nuces  avellanas^  truna^  pyra^  aliosqoc 
plurimos  fruftus,,  (impliccs  vcl  candil'atos  rcfcrupt. 
cfr,  Paier  Or.  Nor,  p.  4^.  Tab,  1.  fig.  11.  a^.  21. 
flt4.  a«.  BRlicKMAN  The/:  H  Br^  p.  c5.  Tab.  V. 
VL  VIU  Vlll.  IX, 

OWl  De  his  carpolithig,  auomodo  ipetrijleitif  fiuSibut  reg^ 
tabllium  diftingucndi,  diximus  C  Spec.  433.  Okf.  2^)  Nod- 
nuUi  ab  hte  carpolithis,  inprimisqui  pyra  referunt  vidcntur 
tliquando  originem  habere  a  pyriu  ghbukri  deitrudo^  * 
fterum  ooaerctp,  quod  qMtterla  mn^U^i  Uidicace  (olet^qtt 
eonlUnt. 

(a)  Phttocltfhi  raJiciS  vegetc^iUum  referenies^ 

Hue  pcrtiact  inprimis  zingihriM  ^  quf  ra4iccia  »•• 
giber  is  imicatur  ^  queo^  in  arena,  fuccefliva  particub- 
rum  ooncretione,  hac  forma  gencrari  contoulic  BjeQck* 
MAN  Tbef.  D,  Br.  p.  i%x.  Tab,  XX 11.  fig-  V.  Sed 
non  omncm  zingiboritem  hiac  Fatione  geaerari  no- 
fiaus,    Habemus  a  Goiklamiia^  iofiormm  ^ngf^ 

keri^ 


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ireritim,  Davila  Car/.  T.  IK  ^.  301.  ATf^  ii.  mttt- 
tiohcm  hdtfiticis  hac  forma. 

4.  LITHOGLVPhI  ^m  /ii5#  reftremes.  TucHNOGLr^ 

PHI,  SpcC.<J2. 

Sueth.  BiLdstenar  st)M  likka  konstgiOrdt  aUbe** 

TE, 

Gill.  LiTHOGLTPHlTES,   QUI  JLEPRESEKTENT  DBS  CHO- 
SES  ARTIFICIELLES. 

Germ.  BlLDSTEIl^B  ,  DIE  XtiMSTLlCHER    ARk£lT 
GLBICHEH* 

(a)  Technoglyphz    numifmata  reftrentes^       Nummi 
oxaBolici. 

Sunt  topbacea  vcl  ocbreactM  natura  ^  orfaicularcs  n  nu- 
mifmata majora  vcl  minora  references.  Probe  diftin-« 
guendi  a  lapidibus ,  quos  lithographi  diverfi ,  eciam 
tiumifmales  vocarunt,  quales  tupiices  defcripHmuSf 
^lios  inter  corallos^  quos  forpUas  vocavimus  (^Sper. 
457  )  alios  inter  contbyha  univalvia  ,  qui  belictta 
lunt  appellati  (  Spec.  490);  alios  deniquc  inter  con- 
cbylia  tivalvia^  qui  nummuli  Brattenburgenfes  funt 
votati  (  Spec,  f  0^.  ) 

(b)  Technoglypui  panem  referemts^    Artholxthi* 
Panes  diabolici. 

Sunt  figura  aliquando  pmn  fimlagtm^  lemula  ^    ali- 

Suando  hemifphsrica  ^  aliquando  aliis  panum  diver« 
tatibus    fimili.  cfr*  Wormii  Mufi  L»  h  Cap.  13. 
fied.     My  LI  us  in  Sax.  Subt.  P.  1.  p.  6i.     Hel- 
wing  Litb.  Ang.  p%  26^    Davila    Cat^  T.  11.  p» 
198* 
CO  TechnoGlyphx   cafium  referentts.     TyroMor^ 

PUlTiE. 

Sunt  tigura  cafei  hlgici ,  figura  r€>tundata  deprefla  in* 
tegri  vel  plus  minus  fedi.  Hblw  ihq  Utb.  Ang.  p« 
a6-     Davila  /«  c.  p.  2fifip 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


6o6  l><  (  o  )  Kj 

^d)  TECHNOdLYPHi  oTnamentum  pUcatum  coHare  mu* 

lierum  referentes. 
Rcpcritur  m  falinis  Polonicis,  Bocbnienfibus  &  Willic%^ 
kienfibus. 

CO  Technoglyphi  calceamenta  referentes. 
Baier  Or.  Mor.  p.  47.  Tab.  I.  fig.  40-  4l- 

(f)  Technoglyphi  muftriculam  feu  foiinam  calcis  r#- 
ferentes. 

Baier  1.  c.  Tab.  U  /.  42- 
Cg)  Technoglyphi  patellas  referentes.  PAXELLiXiC. 
Sunt  concavo  convcxi ,  rotnndi ,  patcllis  fimilcs,  pro- 
be a  patellitis  inter  conchy lia  univahia  dcCcnpih 
(Spec.  4g3)  difting;ncndi ;  probabile  videtur  hos,  a 
materia  calcarea^  circa  globulos  concreta,  fuam  ha- 
re origitiem.    Goiblandia. 

Ch)  Technoglyphi  pbialas  referentes.  Fhiulit je. 
Sunt  forma  pbiala ,  aliquando  Sc  poculi  y  vcl  alia  qua- 
cunque,  analoga,  cfr.  Davila  Cat.  T-  11.  p.  303. 
BrQckman  I  cTab.  IX.  f.  VI 11. 

f .  LITHOGLYPHI  figuram  quandam  matbematicam  refe- 

rentes.    Lithoglyphi  mathematici        Spec.  633. 

Sueth.  Bilpstenar  af  nXgon  mathematisk  figur. 

Mathematiske  bildstenar. 
Gall.  Lithoglyphites  qui  REPRESENTENXDfes  figu- 
res DE  MATHEMATIQUE^ 

Germ.    Bildsteine    mix    matkematischer    figue. 
Mathematische  Bildsteine. 

(a)  Lithoglyphi  mathematici,  SPHiERici,  solidu 
Globuli  lapidei* 

Sunt  filiccs  figura  faepius  perfcftc  rotunda  ,  tor 
mentariis  globis  ,  majoribus  ,  minoribus ,  non  *abfi- 
miles  ,  in  litnre  marino ,  &  vallaribus  regionibu* 
frequcntesj  aliquando  minores,  alibi,  forma  &  raa- 

gni. 


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Google 


tH  (  O  )  Kj  d07 

gmtudine  grandinis,  filicci,  qui  CuALAXiii:  rcl  G£- 
1.AX1M  voeari  folent  m^arena  litorali  ,  raro  tcrrcftn\ 
obvii.  cfr.  Tom.  1.  p.  i^f.  lit.  a.  diftingucndi  a  ga- 
/j;c/a  pLiNii  cfr.  Tom.  1.  p.  198-  lit.  a.  obf.  Oc- 
currunt  &  aliqiiando  hi  jrlobuli  lapidei  ab  uno  latere 
qua(i  comprefli  vcl  abicifli.  cfr.  Plinii  H,  N. 
LXXXVll.  Cap.  I.  Gesner  dc  hig.  Lap  p.  86. 
WoLFERT  H.  Sf.  HaJJia  inf.  P,  1.  p.  aa.  Tab.  ai. 
fig.  1.  Lachmund  Or.  Hild.  p  11.  f.  1.  Mer- 
CATi  Metalloth.  Vat.  p.  318.  BrQckman  T/r^;  D. 
Br.  p.  iz./FaK  ^\  fis.  ^ 

Obf*  I.  Annon  pi7/tt/i€  petriJicMta!  faxonica  hue  rcfcrri  poffint, 
ncfcio ;  casdcm  noti  vidi« 

Obf  2.  Plurimi  dantur  lapic^cs  globulares  qui  tamcn  cum  his 
filiccis  &  quarzofis  confundi  non  dcbcnt.  Lapidem  caka^ 
reum  globularem  dcfcripfimus  C  -Tow.  I  Spec.  54.  lit.  e  pa^. 
128.)  Globulos  faxq/bs  formaH  2i  granite  fufco  atre  defiruHi" 
bili^  per  ejusdem  dcftruaioncm ,  indicavimusT  Tow  L  p. 
409.  Spec.  201.  lit.  t.  Obf.  I.)  Globulos  pyriucofos  dcfcripfi- 
mus  inter  mineras  fulphurcas;  globulos  martioles  imcr  mmc- 

'  ras  fubaquofas  ;  glohtd  s  flMBiticos  ^  feu  oolithos  QSpec. 
415  )  DifTerentia  Iios  omues  globulos  inter  eft  fatis  mani- 
fcita.  ' 

Obf  3.  Scpofitis  ailorum  fcntcntiis,  originem  horum  globulo- 
lum  deducimus  vel  ab  ef'ervefeentia  guadam  intrinfeca,  fub 
Ipfa  induratione  cfr.  Tom.  /.  p.  294.  Obf  3.  vel  potius  a  c/r- 
cumvolutatione  materia  gelatsnofa^  in  aqua  ,  inprimis  falina^ 
ante  rjusdem  materix  lapidificationem  feu  indurationem. 
Repcriuntur  ctcnim  talcs,  quales  ctiam  ex  litore  Norwegi^ 
poflidco,  qui  ab  uno  latere  concavitrte  quadampolita  prxdi- 
tl,  quafi  digito  vel  alio  corporc  incumbente  elT^nt  com- 

S>re(D,  luculcnto  indicio  eosdem  olim  molliorcs  fiiifle.  Ean- 
em.cum  ghbulis  in  obf  anteced.  ft.  nominatis  originent  vlx 
habere  poflunt. 

(b)  LiTHOGLYPHi  MATHEMATici ,  ^Z^tfriV/,  tefiacii. 
Bezoar  fossils* 

Sunt  lapidcs  rotundi,  teftis  feu  cruftis  concentricis  fra- 
gilioribus,  hzoardici  lapidis  antPMlis  iii&^x  y  concrc- 
ti  &  compoHti.     Qijato  in  Peru. 

Obf 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


6ot  ><T  O  )  K| 

Oi/I  Heic^  nifallor,  locum  etiam  obtiiierepoffuiltB£ZQAi« 
Die  I  L\PiDES^  quo8  defcribit  Boccoh  in  Ricb.  N^t.  fg^ 
2iS  ^  P*  238.  qui  ia  Sicilia  reperiuatur  ^  fphcrici  vcl  (y 
vales,  majores.  minorcs,  Orudis  concentricis  compofiti,  cua 
arena  inclura^  fapore  argillaceo  vel  bolari,  diverfa  duridc 
Alii  appellant  hos  lapides  Pietra.  p'  A^vbt\]kk.  eft. 
Worm  I  i  Muf.  p.  no;  videntuc  Veroi  ad  ftjam  origiDen, 
ad  oolitbot  vel  topbos  connummerari  poflTe.  Sunt  etenimhi 
omnes  lapides  eadeln  ftrudura  crultacea,  qua  glohuli  mitsi 
fsrri  laeuftris  etiam  oolitbi  &  tophi  gaudent  ^  eandem  itaque, 
vel  aequalem^  agnofcant  orlginem)  probabite  cSL 

CO  LiTHOGLYPHi  matheMaxici  0vales. 

£unt  ovali  figura ,  in  una  cxtrcmitate  aliouando,  plos 
minus )  quaU  abfcitli*  In  lit  ore  niarino  hjoripegicok 
alibi,  cfr.  BtiucltMAN  T^/.  D.  Bvunsm.  Tat.  VIL 
fig.  Vll  Tab.  VU.  /.  IV. 

(d)  LiTHocLYPHi  MATH^MATict  bemlfpbMici. 
A  litore  Norwegico  &  Hi/banico  habco  lapides  hcnri- 
fphaericos  albos,  quarzolos.  cfr.  infupcr  BRQcKJUAit 
llej.  D.  Br.  Tak.V.  f.  1 V.  Tah  V  U  /.  VL  W. 
Vll.  ^^.  IV. 

(c)  LiTHOGLYPHi  MAtttElfATici  fytalmJaks^ 

Ab  his  nonnulli)  inprimis  majores  faxofi,  funt  atti 
fadi,  inferius  nominandi ;  hi  funt^/frei  minorcs,  b> 
fu  naturae  fadt. 

(0  LiTHOGLYPHj  MATHEMATict  cylindriH. 
(g)  LiTHoCLYpHi  mathrmatici  irapeziu 

(h)  LiTHOGLYPHi  MAtHEMATici  triangulafiS^ 
Hue  pertinent ///V^j  anbaUini  Borrichii. 

(i)  LiTHOGLYPHi  MATHEMATICI  CTuciformes^    SrtAi^ 

ROLITHI. 

h  ftaurolitbis  pidis  QSpec.  6i%.^  diAinguendi.    H^ 

non  pi£lura  »  fed  figura  crucis  gaudent.    £x  Snr 

nia  pDflideo  fiaurolitbem  ^  tribus  radtis,  ejusdem  ftie 

i      cralQcici  dc  longltudiois,  polLicis  unius  cum  dzi» 

diO» 


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Google 


!         dio,  (iiiceae  naturje  aliiim  ex  An^ia  arenacco  ochrca- 
I         ceum.  cfr.  Davxi^  Cat.  l\  Ih  p*  301. 

i  5.'  LITHOGLYPHI  figuratiy  arte  faQi.  Lithqclvphi 

[:       ,,      ARTIFICIALES.  SpcC.    ^4^ 

iJ      lapiJisfuppofititii. 

I      Sucth.  GiOrds  BiLDST£HAR.      Artificielle  BILD- 

J        .    STiiNAR. 

Gall.        PlERRES      FlGURCBS.  ARTIFICIEL- 

LE S, 

Germ.  Gemachte  bildsteine,  Gekunstelte  bild- 

STEINE. 

f:  Suae  lapidcs ,  ad  fuam  naturam  di vcrfi ,  a  quocim- 
-qnc  fere  lapidum  gcncrc,  qui  olinfi  artJficiofa  manu,  in  ya- 
jio$  uius,  divcriumquc  in  fi.irio ,  dcterminatam  obtinuc- 
runt  ngurain,  qui  idea,  &  ex  alio  fiindaincp.ro ,  hcic  in 
'mincralogids  locum  habere  non  poflunt  fpccialcm,  quam 
iquod  in  locis  fubterraneis  aliquando  reperiantur. 
I     (a)  LiTHOGLYPHi  ARTiFiCiALES  cuueiformes.  Cekau- 

'  NliE  LAPIDfiS. 

SuiK  lapides  durK)res  (ilicei  vcl  laxofl  ,  forma  cunei> 
J         ab  una  cxtrcmitete  acutiores,  aliquando  ab  utraqnc 
■         craffiorcs  in  medio,  ibidcmquc  fa?pc  foraminc  pr«- 
diti. 

Qbf.  I.  Plures  (\int  lapides,  quo8  antiquiores  c^rizuffid/appel- 
JarHnt.  Inprimis  Ca  )  Belemnita,  ^Spec  465  )  hoc nomcn  ob- 
rJnucrunt.  aliquando  &  Qb;  Ortboeeratitit^fiSpec.^ij.^jfinc 
dubro  ob  conicam  figtirami  («)£<rWm>^  {Spec,  516.)  vcl  co- 
rum  nuclei^  iidcm  ftint  lapides,  quo  anciquiorcs  a  coelo  de- 
ciduos  credtdenuit,  idco  &  Brontias  appellarnnt.  cfir.  Pli« 
Ml  as  LXXXyiL  Cap.  10.  (d)  Vaccinos  lapides  inferius  dc- 
Ibrtbcndoi  nonnuUi  ut  lapideffulmiruires  coufidcrarunt  cfr. 
AVolfaP-T  Hift.  N.  Hajf.  inf.  pa^.  511.  Tab  22.  V  23. 
ubi  &  (e)  Aliroitem  (^Spec.  453.  )  appeliat  cerauniam Jlella* 
turn.  (0  Djnique&  <tr/^f}o/ pluriroos  lapidet,quos  vcte- 
res  in  divcrlob  ufUs  fibi  compararunt, inprimis hujusmodi 
cuneifqrmis  lapidts  In  medio  perforatos,  pro  cerauniis  co- 
rum  polleriorcs  babucrunt  cfr.  PLiiiius  h.  2J  Cap.  9.  G. 
Tom.  a.  Q  q  Aoai- 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


AGRKOL/k  de  No.  Fiff.  L.  5.  Cap.  13*   /Bbshmm.  it  Uf 

Tigufis.  p.  ^3. 

Okjl  2.  Paucis,  hac  oecafione,  noftram,  de  genoiha  €kni^ 
nUj  fctt  tonitfuali  lapide  ajperire  volumus  mentcm,  quaa 
uberius  expoftiimus  in  Dijp.  de  kpide  tanitrudH.  ExiffiBt- 
mus  tcmpeftatum  vi  mineralcs  lapides  in  nubes  nunquaa 
cle vari,  nequc  in  a^re  vel  nublbus  gcnerari  aui  produci  pot- 
fe,  deficiente  materia  lapidea ,  nunquam  non  a^re  gravio 
ri*  A  pbanQmenii  quoque  &  effedibus  fulminis^  nullum  d» 
nino  veiligium  nullumque  indicium  lapidiscujusdameeov- 
lo  impetuofe  projefti,  hue  ufque  eft  obfervatum^  fedfiibd- 
lius  imo  penetrandflimum  quid,  quod  ut  iinem  merito  nobis 
conciperepoflumus  fubtilimmumacvehcmcntiflime  motuB, 
qui  comkupione^  aceenjione  &  colliquattone  fuam  exfcrit  maxi- 
imam  potentiam  Hit  obfervationibut  merito  concludimoi, 
dari  quidem  aUquando  lapidem  tonitrualem ,  non  in  acf re  &  nu* 
bibus  gencratum ,  fed  in  ttrra ,  igne  fulmindri  ^  coUiqtuaUm 
txtemofAfia^  quam  non  in  terras  vel  lapides^  fed  unlce  m 
metalla  cxercet,  ut  omni  obfervatione  conftat,  produRam; 
ejusdcmque  notam  charafterifticam  ideoque  in  eo  pofitaa 
ciTe,  quodfcoriam  referat  metallicam  vel  mttalUcum  eolUam^m^ 
quihus  cum  fiatUs  vel  metallicit  particulis ,  ttquidir  &r  ftfis. 
tnterdum  terrea ,  Umdem  ae  fixea  imo  vegetaMer  pattet ,  jI- 
qtMndo  mmifceri  polJunt  ^  illiquata.  cfr.  G.  Agricoi^a  ii  Of. 
if  Qrttt  Sutb.  L,  V.  G»  E.  StahL  i#  Experim.  CCC.  p.  if?. 
AVo.  CXXXIV.  Brejl.  gefch.  1718.  Stpt.  O,  IV.  urt.  XttL 
p.  i6>g,  G*  E.  RuMPHius  in  Eph.  U.  C.  Der.  U.  Am.  lY. 
•kC  no.  £?•  Arm.  Vll.  objl  3.  KrUcer  in  Epb.  N.  On^. 
Dec.  m.  Attn.  Vll.  ^  VULp.  1881  BoR£i.LUS  la  €»/.  Cm. 
III.  p.  n69.  Ohf.  LXXXVl. 

InAiper  de  fulminari  Upide  c^nftjli  poflTunt  JOK.  Bohk  ic  «t* 
taunia.  J.  Cat£S  de  tehfalmineo.  HoteH8T£TTE&  deb- 
pide  fulminafi.  C  B.  Valehtini  de  Cerauhia*  M. 
GoTT.  Wagner  DiJ)\  de  lapide  fulnunm^  K.  STOEJact 
dc  cerdunii  hetulique  lapidis  biftotia.  Qitibus  noftti  di  UfiM 
tonitruals  addi  potcA  difp.  fi  placets 

Cb)   LlTHoGLirPHl  ARTIFICIALES   CuUfi/wWUS.       Cu* 
TRI  LAPIDEI. 

Hujusmodt  culniSf  lapide  dixtioti  fificeo  vtl  acksuim 
fadis ,  antiquiores ,  non  folum  in  circumcifiams  ik* 
gotio  9i  fycris  peragendis,  fed  8(  aliis  occafionibai 
afos  fuifle  hiftorici  nM  4occat 

(01* 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


XO' LtthdCLtf fix  At^rtnciAtis  feti^ifotmt    Sbcu* 

RES  LAPtDEiB.  , 

iiA)  LiTH^CLYPHi  AfTiFiciALES  iH^kiformes^    Mal« 

lEl  £A»D£I. 

.  CO   LlTHOGLWHl    AtLTIFtClAlES   fugltt^foYfneS^       Sa* 
GITTja/LAflOEii:. 

(0  LiTHOGLiri»Hi  Afttj^iGiAtES  UngUafoYmes.    Lih* 

GtJL/E  LAPIDE^. 

Veteres  Uffgulam  dixctianl  glaJioinm  oblongum  ia  fpe- 
cicm  linguae  fadum.  cfr.  Gellii  NoS.  Aua  L.  1 U 
Cap.  IQ.    WoRMii  Muf.  p.  6i. 

OV^  Hi  omUes  reccnfitl  aliigu^  plures  Aiftt  inlltumeiita  vel 
bcUica  vel  alia»  qgibus  antiquioresufi  fun t| in  quern  iinem 
plcrique  for  amine  dooadpro  manubrib  immittenck).  Reperiri 
folcuc  aliquando  in  tumuiis  coUibusqne  fcpulchralibus  fupra 
dcmortuos  olim  congeftos^aliqaando  &  aliis  in  loiHS'}  omacs^ 
que  ut  €€raunia  lapides  vulgo  haberi  folent. 

Cg)  TessIer^.  BaJenfes. 
Sunt  teflcrae  ofleas »  fuperficialiter  licet  lapidt  catcareO 
adhaercnces  &  adfixas  quas  male  ad  ifiguratos  lapidei 
rctuUc  J.  Bsringee  in  Liik  Wurzeb*  eft.  ScHeuch* 
iZER  Naturgefcb.  P»  II.  p.  15^%  fine  dubio  func  olim 
arte  fad^s. 

(h)  Urna.    Oftfacit(t. 

Sunt  arte  fada  vafa  ^  divdrfa  Jftrudura  >  diverito  dt 
colore  in  iumtdis  St  collibus  feptdcbralibus  obvia,  ui 
quibus  cineres  demortuorum  reconditae  fuerunt  una 
cum  aliis  additamentis.  De  his  uberiuseg!tJ.\y.BAu* 
MEk  In  Miner.  T^  L  p.  $^,q.  ^c. 

Obfervdtiones  cifca  Lithoglyphos  lapides^ 

Ohf.  I*  Plures  qui  defiderat  eogndfcere  lapides  figuratoa  fta 
lithoglyphos^  conftilere  potcft,  Vl.  Aldrovandxxwl  Mij/t 
Met.  t.  IK  p.  541.  fequ.  h^  f»6.  &*c.  Ath»  KiRCHBRU»t 
in  Mund.  Subt.  T.  n.  L.  V  Sc&.  lU.  }.  JoKSTOif  um  tba^ 
matosT*  CI.  IV.  Cap.  XVIL  Jac.  Gastarellum  in  C3s* 
riofif^tiius  %n§uiitis  Ch  V.  Cap,  XL  WonNlVM  in  A*5^ 
Q  q  a  T^* 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


<if  ><  C  •  )  »4  ' 

Th.  Bartholin  in  Epift^  Medic,  Alios  ut  fcticeuMv. 
Conciudo  verbis  6ai£ri  In  Or,  Noi;.  p,  48.  fojfa  k 
immenjim  au^eri  catakgus ,  Ji  opera  vsderetur  pretittm  j  bak' 
Ut  auttm  jam  UEhr  iuriofus^  in  modo  pnlatis^  quod  ad  ^kt- 
fi  ,  ulteriut  fcrutari ^  '^^h  fi  wagis  hoc  placet^  ridcre  quut 

9lbf.  2.  Originm  horum  omnium  hpidum  fi^siorum ,  qui  fi- 
gura  animal  ium ,  vegctabilium  vel  allarum  rerum  pn«fi- 
ti,  deducendam  arbitramur,  aliqudtido  a  materia  moUuMi 
in  aliqua  cavitate  aut  rima  fingulariter ,  fub  fra&m, 
formata .  ftibfiftente ,  &  ab  eadem  fuam  figuram  obtioeD* 
te;  aliqnando  ab  hujusmodi  moiliorls  &  gelatinofae  mate- 
riae  agicatione  ab  unda  marina ,  unde  non  potuit  noa 
diverrand  obtinere  figuram  fub  lapidificadone,  talem,  ret- 
licet ,  qualem  mollior  ilia  materia  fub  motu ,  prcffione  & 
attritu  obtinuit«  A  fimplici  attritu  lapidum  ^d  invicett, 
hujusmodi  flguraa ,  fuam  habere  originem  ,  non  videtor 
probabile,  nifi  violenta  quadam  fraftura  aliquatenus  fr 
guram  prius  obtinuerint,  quo  caAi ,  IkltciQ  acutioreg  ai- 
gull  dcteri  poflunt 


i  X^i- 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


§.    1^5. 
3^  LITHOTOMI.     Gen.  74. 

Lapides  incifi. 
SucA.  FoRMiiKi;  STENAR.    Inhuggne  stenar. 

Gall.    Pl£RRES    TAILLCES.    LlTHOCLYPMITfiS.      Da- 
VILA- 

Germ.  Geformte  steinjs*     Eihgehauehe  stbi« 

Sunt  lapides  diverfi  qui  plerum^ue  nulla  extrmfcca 
peCttiian  figura,  nifi  aliquaudo  fphaenca  auc  ovali,  gau- 
dent,  neque  piflura  quadam  ornati,  fed  aliqua  tamtn, 
figura\  tamquam  a  lichotomo  incifa  auc  infculpu  func 
praediti. 

I-  LITI  lOTOMI  foramine  -perforati.    Lapides  vacci- 
«♦  Spec.  tfjf. 

Sucth*  Kostekae. 

GaH.   PlERRES   D£  VACHES. 
GcrOI^    KUHST£IN£« 

Sunt  lapides  plerumque  (ilicei  aut  arenarii,  difformes; 
focaoiine  prsditi  rotundo  ,   aliauand^  integrum  lapfdem 
tranfeunte ,  aliquando  notinifi  ad  p^tem  diinidiam  vcl  ul- 
ra  fe  extendente. 

^    (a3  L  AP  f  s  v\  cc  I  Nu  s  filiceus ,  foramine  lapidem  tran^ 
Jeunte. 

Hie  eft  qui  proprie  lapis  vaccifiMS  yocatur. 

Ohf.  Nomen  vaeeini  hi  Upides  obtfmieriaiit ,  qudkl  vul^us 
exiflimat  eosdem  mcdicinam  cfTc  vaceis  fanguiaem  1qc« 
ladis  mulgentibus. 

Foramen  in  iitdem  pmfenreflefaftumai  ifftA^ttatlm^cadcn- 
tc  &  lapidcm  CuecdRvc  dctcrcntc,' jvita  i^ttUcvlum^^ta 
ta  cavatlapidemnm  wjUyii^^tfArftffrid^Uiihijimpcrruadf-renbn 
.  jpoffiini*  Podldco  hujusmodi  filicem  in  medio  clivacum  in- 
tra vert)  banc  elevatlonem  e©  loco  jpcrfg^f^tum,  iibj  4ft|ijBr> 
gUttui«  cadentes  neceflario  prdiftic  defliiercnt  ^  ideoquc 

Q  q  3  loco 


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loco  fbramrnis  rotundi^  canalcm  quendam  obloBgum  &  obIt< 
quun^  formarent,  fi  bujusmodi  vi  gut(u]£  ^queaegaudereat 
Praetcre^  obfcrvavj,  quod  huju^i^odilapidss  circa  fiiumfon- 

;  mcD  videantur  qua(izoDiscoocentriciscflrentcompo(itl,ufi> 
de  pEobabiliter  coacluditutY  haec  ibramina  vcl  eo  eife  modo 

^  fiormata,  quod  in  ^lateria  Upidis  prima  molUori,  fijcrit  aliod 

"corpus  cyllndricum  Injclufum,  deindc  vero  dcftru<%u|D  aut 
cafu  tsreptum  i  vel  eodtm  modo  quo  zonae  conccDtricae  in 
noonuUis  achatie  &  filicuD  fpecicbus  formantur  y  foraminei 

•  poft  induratioRcid  &  coardatioaem,  centra  lb  vacuo  relido* 
NefblQ  &  cue  bis  in  lapidibus  aliam  nobis  fingamus  c^uffua 
quam  In  aljis,  l^gp^ibus  cavcj;nQfi^..  * 

.    ih)  tAiPiS  ykccinvs.y  for  amine  ^otundo  ad;  medium  U^ 
pidis  vei  ultra  jranjeunte.       •    • 

Hi  ^pi<k8  ^ndkdi  cum  prioribusf  agnofccre  pofTui^ 
ori^incm.  iliquando  ab  aliis  cauflU  fuiun  foramcQ 
habere  •  oterdum  8(  a  pbohdibui, 

^')  Lapis  vACciHUS  arenarius  y  foraminitus  Upidm 
^  infegre  vel  ad  pattern  tran/euntihta^ 
Mnjfa  arenaria^  aquabilUim  vermium^  niduKs  tnhdi^i^ 

)H[elwing  Litb.  ^ngert.f.  64.^  Ta^.  VU^f.2Q.  Lvi- 

Dius  in  Utb.  Brit^  Ivro.  173^ 

lit  kpidcs,  (pArfi,  Ij^twaleSy  aoQ  oonfiindt  debcat,  oa 
cqte  glarem  cavernofa^,  ghia  monces  iiitet^m  con* 
ftaat ,  dcfcripta  tm.  I  ypec^  82.  lit.  /♦  f .  189. 

>.  LITHOTOMI  cavitate  Utente^  parietibus  nwtis^  A- 
nati^    Mjitm^  Spec  63/6% 

Jquilini  lafidits^    NtewuLtoHUM* 
Paantid9S^  Gm^nidts^  Ciffft^^  CaJJfdani.  Gt^oiuM, 
Orchita^    Enorcbides^ 

GalL  ETiTis  ov  Fierile  d'aigle. 

Stnt  hfidcs  Jllieei  aut  martiaUt^figura  globola  fd 
tfn&%  ali^tt»dQ  irre^lara  %ur«)  „^  caviufee  s^ih 

dens 


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^  C  ^  )  >^  «if 

(Ictit  intrinf^ct  tatente ,  imerdum  vacua »  interdum  gravi- 
da alio  cum  lapidc  mobili  vcl  adfixo,  aliquando  8c  cum 
tctt^y  raro  cutti  aqug  inclufa. 

U)  JEtxtis  lapide  incUif^  mohili. 

^^tites  etuhryom  Ubtro.  UpiUulofo*  v.  LiNN^  179.  2^ 
Eft  vel  fiUceus  vel  martuilis ;  prior  utplurimum  forma 
globofas  <fok>re  filicis  igniari! ,  cum  foraminulis  u- 
na  vcl  pluribus  ad  intrinfecam  covttaeem'latcnteiii 
tendcntibus ;  pofterior  figura  pyriformi  vet  irrcgulari, 
foraminibus  ia ,  Tupcrficie  carcns^  colore  basmatittco 
vcl  obJfcijrQ  mi^rtiali ;  v$ri^.  vcro  fua  in  cavicate 
laclufmB  babentes  lapidem  mpbikm^  qui  coacuffione 
Arepitum  edit. 

Hie  ii^cl^fus  lapis  yocatur  Caleimus  vel  Caili^uS 
zMcalainUSj  feraper  divcrfa  ab  ipfo  cortice  eft  na- 
tura,  fclilicf^c  ,  ochreaceus  ,  vcl  pyriticojus  cum  fill- 
ceis  particufis  commixtis,  vcl  arenaceus  ab  arena  fi« 
licea  concretiis^  vcl  cqlcareus  ^  aut  creiaceus^  vcl 
&  fiUceo  cretaceus. 

0»/:  Juxta  obfttvatfcnem  WonMilt  !h  Wfa/I  C.  I  p.  78.  '  Elf 
horum  filidum  fbu- aetitarum  inCrinfeci  ruperficlct  obduSta 
eretdcta  materU^  qualis  etiami  dum  lapis  concutitur  ^  dcci* 
-     dit, 

(b)  i^TiTES  hpiJe  incltifo  non  motilu    JEnms  foi« 

MINA^ 

Eft  ^  fiti^us  rt\  mnrtiaUfy  cum  hpidt  ad  fiaper^ 
cicm  rntrin&cam  in  uno  latere*  ad$xo  ^^  qui  aliqyan- 
do  ercd^us  &  elongatus  ,    inft^  membri  pueciU^,ap« 

,  parct  J,  idea  &;  a,  qpoaullis  atifpcplftes  v.Qcawi;. .      ., 

.iy^  Takm  filieem  igniarkim  ma jomnv  ^^^^^  irrrcutud,  cum 

^  ^dfixo  m/W/albo^  fled  fieabro  it  q\xm  arena JUieek^*  ^j^^tu 

fcutor  fi)uftfllOfl^  GompofitO)  poffideo  ex  agtu  Hmidmrgkif^ 

(c)  /Etites  iirra  vel  arena  ^^JH'inchfayr^ 
JB^Mes  embjypmjthro^  t^  i., 
?ft  vcl  ^chrtaceuf  ab»  ocmrai  cp^cr^ta  vcl  /cbi/(qfiify 

fiJA  in  caviutQ  nonnifi  terram  luccafn  vcl  alius  co* 


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6\6  .{>*  (  o)  fi 

lorij^  aur  arcnam  fubtilem  habcnA.JncJufam ,  mohj- 

lent,  quae  vel  per  foramina  ubi  Ilia  adlunt,  vcl  fono 

'         percipi  potcit.     Scbiftojus   rcpcritur  in  Humieberg  ig 

vVeftrogothia.     Ocbreaceus  in  Burgundia  &  alibi. 

Cd)  iExiTts  terra  indufa  non  nwHti.   Geodes  fixus. 

HujiisftiOdi  aetita?  vix  nifi  martiales  vcl  argUlaceitri' 

ftim^,  inclufaui  babentes  terrain  ochraccam ,  am  ar- 

giUaia  vel  uuamqiie  quibus  tota  impktur  cavitas,  im- 

dc  &  nulltumnQtum  habere  pofTunt.  Reperiuntur  ia 

Flint f hire  in  Jn^ia. 

(c)  MtiTn^a^a  inclufa.    Enhydros. 
Hie  foraniinulis  caret ,  inhofpitans  vcro  aqua  undnla- 
titjnc  pcrdpi  poteft.*   * 
Ca)  i^T^iTES  inanis.  . 
tavitatc  gaudet  fine   aliqiia  materia  inclufa,   panim 
.  diffcrt  a  lapidc  cayernofo  >  quales  plurimi  quarzofi 
invgniuntur.  '  *  . 

.  Cs)  MYITES' lapiJ^  .if  mobiti  ^  imrnoiiU  incbtpK  JE- 

TITES  HERMAPHRODITICUS.        , 

Injciii(|itn  habet  hie  aetitcs  fua  in  cavitacc  cariimum  & 
J.    fnobileni  &  adfixum^  vel  lapklciu  &Cttm   &  rerram 
[^     mpbilem. 
(b)  i^TiTES  cavitcttibut  pluribus  difiinSis.     Mtiti.% 

{>lj\j.  Be  atitir  pcculiarrtcr  fcripfcrunt  J.  L.  Bauschicts 
de  bamatite  U'  atiU\  W.  Laurlnbercius  \nHtfi,  Dejtrtpt. 
JEtiU.     Chr.    MiiWTZEjLius   in  Epb.  NaL  Cun  Dec.  B* 

Ohf.  fl*  Nonnullos  ab  his  atitis  fuam  habere  origincm  a  dc 
0',<ii\tud:\s^lohu!is  fyyritifo/is^  deftrudtione  in  centro  incipfcnff» 
.f  .&  terra  ad  partem  per  foraminuU,  cum  aqua  vel  aliofnc- 

docvacuata,  unde  cav^itas.  relit^a  major  quam  refidita  fern 
.  martlalis,  pollmodumconcrcfcensimplercpotuiu  utcontcn- 
'' 'dunt  v.'Justi  in  A'/rWra/.  it.p.  ig^,  &   Abilgard  in  Be/'kr. 

cber  StevinJ'klint  p.20;  difputare  quidem  nolo,  vchcmen- 
r'^'tcr  tamcn  dubitd*  Pcrfuafum  niihi  habco^hoslapides  diver- 


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•      los,aliam&quidcm  divcrfarn  agnofccrc  origincm.LEHMAM 

*        in  Mb,  "vun  MetuUm'uttern  p.  256.   commcmorat  fc   in  aetite 

*?  '   quodim  difirado  obfervafle  corticmi  cxteriurcm  fufcum, 

^^^  martialfmfatis  durum,  eufdcm  vero  intrinftcc  vcftitumfuif- 

-nr  fe  argilU  molliori  fiiva,  fn  qua  cailimusexzt  repotitus  atquc 

cum  cortiee  cxttriori  concretus.    FofTideo  &  ego  ^eodem  fi- 

^um   feu    pleni'in   ex  Jtij^Ha  forjna  [ere  Jcapha  plan!  fundi» 

qui  aequalrm  htfmatiticnm  pofTidet  corticem  ,  intrinfecc  veJU- 

tum  atgiUa  carulea  parum  indurata,  aqua  tamt?n  ficilc  niol- 

lior  nddcnd'-i,    cui  incumhit  adlimus   ochraceus  durus,   to- 

tayi  impl.-ns  cavitatem.     His  obiervatis  concludi  pofTe  ar- 

bitror  quod    circa  c^liinjuni  aut  nucletim  prius  formatum 

&  exiiienttm,  argilla,  cund..m  ciraimabiens  non  folumca* 

lore  exficcata  fed  &  vaporibus  atquc  particuJis  minerali- 

,      bus  ad  certam  cra/fitiem  penetrata  atque  his  caufTis  indurata 

^*,fuerit;  copticc  fie  indurate  ,  quin  materia  interior  argillacea 

*'   fuprrftes  fuo  in  ftatu  mojliori  permancret,  nullum  cit  du- 

biun;,     Scd  hie  genera; ti^mij*  n^odus  lohim  vnlcre  poteft  dc 

lEtitis  ochraceis    &  martialibus.    Jlios ,  mpnmh  Jiltceoi  & 

achatims^  alio^que,  cxiitimaverim  luam  habere  originem  ab 

cadi.mcai:iTa  qua  alii  lapidcs  cavernofi  exii'tunt,  qui  fuas  ca- 

vcrnas  Tub  cxficcationc  &-induratione  niateriae  molJioris,qua 

funr  gcncTati  obtinucrunt.  Si  in  hujusmodi  materia  moUi  in- 

volutum  fuiflc  lapidem  duriorem  fupponimus,  probabilc  vi- 

detur  candcm,fub  materlaemollicris  induratinnc&  coarftatl- 

onc,  noo  potuiflfenon  a  rt-linua  maflareparatum&  inclufum 

fieri.     H^nc  originem  indicare  videtur ii^wa  aliquando  rnclu- 

la,  nec'noncfl//«W  feparati  vcl  adfixi  ,  femper  alicna  ab  iptb 

'     cortice  natura  ut  &  pere^yina  corpora  vcl  corundem  vrftigia  in 

•'borum  lapidum  cavitatibus  aliquando  obfcrvata. 

'Ohf.  5.  In  nido  aquihrum  hofpitarc  hos  lapidcs,  undc  tamcn 
nomen  obtinuerunt,  fabulofum  eft.  Idem  dici  poteil  dc 
eorundem  virtute  partum  promovcndi. 

J-  LJTHOTOVirT^/'^r/V/,  c^vhate  latent e  ^   cryftaUis 
adfixis^  vel  feparatis  ornata^     Uterus  cRYSTAtLt- 

^Grerrtt.  CKYstALLMUTTER.  \  ,, 

^j  J       '    '^  ^^*-     Qq  5*   "       "Sunt 


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^t  l>^  C  Q  >  ^ 

-Sniivh^iAts/Hltd  aUquandb  cattarei  aur  wunrgftm^ 
i^lMerici,  plus  minus  comprcfll  i  vagi,  magnitudinc  roclonii 
fna|on  vcl  tninon\  cavitate  incciuTcca  prasdici,  aaas  pd- 
chcrHipli  vcftita  cry(talli$,  %uaK  &  fepvat^  intcrdiuncoo- 
tiiict  mcli4as« 

(a)  Uterus  cuTSTAttiNus  ^licpa.  \  Melokes  hw^ 
Tis  Carmeli. 

Melopepomes.    Aldrovandi. 

M^diesjilicem  embryonilms  fi^is  cryJlaOwU  mlriftm 

zofi.    V.  LiKN^  ^79-  3- 
Matrix  marmona^  glofo/a^  ctyft^Ufirum  m^mis  Cm* 

melt.    BuEiTNir, 

Sunt  hi  mclones  congtobausi  diVcr/^  ma^oitudiniS)  ab 
avi  gallinacei  ad  melonis  dioieufioncm  ^  coiocc  alb^ 
fcentc  feu  pallide  cinereo.  velpotiys  vaMgaco;  dife- 
QA  cavitaicm  foycnt  Caepius  kregubrom,  miiftOobtf 
cryftaUift  ornatam ;  duri ,  polituram  ftifcipiont.  Ex 
Orifmt^  \T\^nmhmonteCarmeLi  vi\AJaoC9  arenarioiat' 
merfi  dicuntu^  Bipontio  In  Germania. 
ttf..  Peculiarem  de  mehnibus  fetrefa^  mfio^U  Otml  tfUtoluk 
cvulgavi^  JoH»  Ph.  BRET;i!iia8< 

(b)  Uterus  crtstaeliku^  margaceus  Mt  t^dcmrews. 
Hie  vrerus,  dji^id  crf^dllonim  gciicrc  oroanis  eft 

(blcc  J   idfifl  fphatofh  y   a  Kb  quarzofis  ftu  ctyftdi 
mont  m^.    Bornbofm  ia  J}ania.,  RemJ^  ui  Gailuu 

9tf.  u  Qui  ad  hanc(]pecic]i|«onnuiiierare  voluat  oanes  Upita 
JlSceof^  achatinor^  qngnojbt ,  eakat,0H  ,  mofgpd^t  aliotquc  ci* 
▼ernofoci  qui  adeztrlnftcanifiguraiilininturcgul^aref,ftci- 
▼itatibug  praedid  plerumdue  Inordinatfai ,  majortbus,  niiio- 
bus,  quorum  parletes  vcl  vacqc  vcl  ctrftjl^y  0^^*%  ^ 
ad  partem  faKHcavlmui  in  0^^*  mA  Qrjjtaa.  MnH.  3.  T«. 
f.  119U  id  £ioa«  poffunt. 

Mt/r  2.  tB  Utbotomi  contmire  yidentur  oriKinem  q«m  » 
per,  Spic.  frf^«  63$*  OkC  %.  de  aetWs  aiwlmiit*  Dt  \k 
oanique  nuUum  Aiperefle  poceft  dubiMfQ  Quia  materia  aoB 
fin(  %ma9!&y  qua?,  ftib  iQa^radone  ft  ^swca^w^  eavtt^ 
tem  obdnuit  iocriofeatm,,  xxk  aua,  piirio^  q^riicxpreflaft 
U^ulda  locum  cryftaUUkdonm  opportuaua  obdnuit* 

4.LJ- 


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4.  LITHOTOMl  ekvatis  vel  de^Jps  ^ohuUs  inwnxtis 
f Tahiti.    VARiOLiTi€»  Spec.  (Jjg, 

*Sucrh.  KXppstenar, 
Gall.  Variqlites,     Pie&ees    a   vetit^  ve&olik. 

PlERltES   a    PICOT. 

GeriD.  PocKENSTEiKB.    Blattersteine* 

Sunt  lapides  yS/tVe<e  naturas^  fparfi,  divcrfi  colofif, 
ili*(|aibiis  alii  minores  lapides  f  lobulares  vel  alius  aut  ir- 
jrcgularis  figutae,  dtverfo  a  reKqua  fftbftaiiria  lapidea  co. 
lore  ,  ftmt  infixi  &  quafl  impaftati ,  unde  lapis  faciem  ha« 
bet  quaQ  variolis,  eicvatis  aut  dcprcffis,  yd  vcfti^iia  va- 
riolarum  eflct  inquinatus,  \  \ 

(a^  Variolites  variolis  eievaiis^  » 

ffi  colore  diyerfot  cum  globulis  infixis  albis  aut  paU 
lidis  panim  clevatk^ 
(hy  Varioutes  variolis  deprejffis^ 
Eft  etiam  colore  divcrfo  cum  globulis  albis  ultra  fu- 

pcrficicm  noo  protubcrawibus, 
(c5  Variolites  veftigiis  variolarum  inquinatus. 
(^d)  Varioutes  facie  farciminumm     Lapides  farci- 

Sunt   lapidcs  compofiti  a    mafla   lapidea  plc^umquc 
brunni  coloris  dura  ,    in    qua  iaipcrli  mveniuncur 
fragmcau  lAdetcriniaata  alba  vel  flavefcentia ,  inpri* 
mis  quan^/a  vel  fpatbi  pyrimacbi ,  unde,  polit i,  fe.  * 
cie    intrinipsca   farcimmum    gaudeiv,       Smalcatdia' 
Haffia.  "^ 

Otf.  I.  Difcrcptnt  'nawlitAn^oM  colorli, 
imou  Vf^i^ioiijM  Widcs,£hbftlisalbiu  Variolitjb  vf  Ri, 
Hi  ftint  qui  ab  Indianis  Gamaicu  a|pellantar,  (colore  viride- 
fcente  cum  globulia  elevs^aut  ^prcllif  albJSi^i/rapiiqftQ* 
lo  in  medio  notatia«  Va^^txki  Alci/iVfo/^  T^,I»f^^u 
ado*  VAKiohi'WM  ftthi  gUbuiiti  W  wmtdis  mta^i 
Voeanfiur  auoonuUis  OfHnm  St.  Stepiiami,  toloreru* 
bea^  ^Ub^iu  albis  elevatis;  tut  6cfnth*  }.  4  Me^lr 

}tio. 


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0O  >*f  0  >>«|j 

.•    3tio.  Variolita  alH^  fuftuUs  attis  am  ptmitift. 
Hos  dcrcribit  Lang i us  in  Hifl.  Lap.  Vig:  p:  40* 

4to.  VARiOLiTiiL  nigricantes  ;  Jujhis  if  viridHuf  ttttentb 
confpictti. 
.     Horuhi  mcneioncm  fadt  Helwiho  In  Lith.  Angerh'^f.  57. 
5to.  VARioLiTia,  anergic 
Cfr.  Helwihg  1.  c- 

,  Of/!  2.  Qui  valunt  ^  hue  rcfcitt  poflfunt  cottnr  ghre^im  mm- 
Utam  uec  fion  ^  rof em  glureofam  eort^km ,  quat  Inter  lapkkf 
jtft^mfim  defcrlpfimus  T.  I  p*  189.  lit.  c.  d;  litrt  con  la- 
in xtos  globulos  laptdcos  bf^aat^  ftd  maculfs  vel  /raw 
folum  Aint  notati.  Etcnim  rigorofc  loqucnda,  ftinc  hi 
variallta  omtics,  ut  opinor^  ad  Breccias  Tom.  L  p.  42^ 
dcfcrlpra^  connumcrandi  ^  a  quibufl,  nonnifi  magBifudine 
in  his  longe  ininorr  (Merre  videntur. 

Oif.  ^  Ori<inemhi  Upidcd  varloHtici  eamfcm  agnofcunt  cub 
brecciis  quam  itno  vcrbo  iudicavimus  §  %i  Tom,  /,  />  426. 
vel  a  materia  moilioriY  in«  qua,  ante  indurationem  fiUces^o- 
bularet  i^inorea  fiicnnit  immixti  &  quafi  irapaftati. 

f.  LITHOTOMI  Julcis  tiaratt     Lapides  s  u  l  c  os i. 

Spec.  639^ 

Suetb.  FXrade  stewmu 

Gall.  Picrrcs  silloh^es. 
,  Germ,  GEFiiRCHETE  steine^ 

Sunt  lapides  diverfi,  faepiiis  «»>//%  vagi\   ita  viciffi- 
tudinibus  a£m  fua  in  fuperBctc  excifi  &  den  ici,  at  facka 
cbtiniieriiit  a^ri^  eujiis  inter  fuicos  parum  eievit^JS  ia- 
tcrjacent  fpatia  (kprefla  asquabilia. 
(a)  Lapides  sutcosi  ^  Julcis  ftexis. 

Gaudcnt  fulcis  vcl  undalatis  vel  vcrmifbrmibtis. 
{h^  Lapides  svtcosi  ^  Jiilcis  reSis  fed  inordinatis. 

"fXf.  Conftanthujnamodiftilcoftlapldes  utplarimumlaplde  art* 
MmvelaliomoIIioriyfibria&tVenulia^TfMir^oT!/,  aut  alius  gc* 
neris  dtirioribuidoaato.  In  hujusmodi  lapldci,  a<^  vidflto* 
dinibua  expol^ftefydum  ifLia  ped^entim  fe  in  fM)iot  iai^^ 
folvit  gliitea  quo  parttouix  molUorea'AieniMCQiniaKa^  ne- 
atfle  eff  Ula  a  rcligoo  lapide  ftiofei&vt  JyaiwHur^  inpriouf 


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011  o)»^  6aj-^ 

acoedcate  ftigoite  aquamexpandcnte^  ac  tandeiti  abluantur, 
fibds  &  veoulis  Teu  duriori  lapidis  parte  incafta  reliAa,  ia 
quam  aque«  particul^  nullum  habere  potucruncingtcflumy 

6.  L I T I  i  O  T  O  M 1  Uteris  txaratL     Lapides  lite. 

RATI.  SpCw  640- 

SuCtiL   St£NAR   M£II    CHARACTKRER    £LL£R  ^OKST^f*, 

WiiR. 
Gall.    Pl£ftRES  LIT£RAIR£S» 

Germ.  St£in£  mit  characteren  oder  buchsta- 

Sunt  lapidcs  aliquando  tofbacei  y  aliquando  y&yo,^, 
in  quibus  liacae  intcrdum  inciiae  iatcrduni  elevated,  jam 
crafliores  jam  lubciliores,  kque  plus  mu\a%  ibvaiues  ii 
approxiinaarcs,  hac  lua  fcctione  &  ficxura.  iiguras  exhU 
bent  licerarum  a^nitarum  aut  incoguitaruoi. 

(a)  Lapldes  literati  Uteris  elevatis. 

Hue  pertinent,  nifallor,  lapides  cum  literis  extan- 
tibiis  &  prominulis»  quorum  mcntiouem  facit  H£l^ 
wiWG  in  Litb.  Anger);,  p.  3^  &c.  &  ddnicavit  Tab. 


I 


XI.  fig.  I.  &  a.  Locum  &  hcic  habet  durior  &fubti 


lior  lapis  arenarius   m  Nackfioberget  in  Dalecarliay 
qui  ribcis  gaudcc  elevatis.  chara^rcs  vcl  Htcras  re- 
prsfentancibus.     Topbi  lunt  paulo  frcqnentius  titeris 
elevatis  ornati.      Habco   mium  ex   Norcopia  Uteris  ; 
quafi  bebraicis  fignatum* 

(b)  Lapidbs  literati  Uteris  incifis. 
Lapis  heic  in  Suecia  norus^  qui  reperitur  in  ^emtia 
prope  Sknrdalsportetiy  fuethiee  vocatus  Sten  i  gr'Cnan 
Dak  9  h.  c.  Lapis  in  valle  vtridi ,  compefirus  ollari 
lapide  cum  fubtili  arena  immixta ,  hue  perti net,  prac- 
ditus  Hneis  inciffs ,  divcrfa  extenfione  gaudcntibus, 
charaf^eres  vcl  literas  repr^fcntamibus ,  cfr,  b.  d.  D. 
Til  AS  utkaft  til  Svenjka  viin.  Hift. 

Cif*  I.  Eandem  hi  lapides  cumliteritdevadsagnofcuntcaur* 
fam  fuarum  linearum  vel  literarum,  qua  j^tdtccdente^  Jukofi 
dcfcripti.    Lapides  Teroii  quibus  ilttra  incijk  apparent^  ia 

qui- 


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Juibui  ic  nuUae  fibraeautvemilsobrervafit^untgftiideiil 
Be  dubio,  connexipiie  partium  ioxquali  alibi  laxiori^  aliU 
dbriori;  unde,  aeris  vel  &  vaporum  ii\juriii  aut  aquanim 
fiuxui  expofiti,  abagua  Vcl  iisdein  vaporibus  inter  particolai 
terreftres  iaxlus  cob^rentes  fe  iofinuantibus,  fol  vitur  Tuccef- 
five  gluttn  vel  nexus  partium,unde  adhuc  major  pcdetentia 
aperitur  aqua  ingreJOTus,  quo  tandem  feparantur  p4rticulx  ft 
aqusadfluxuauferuatiu^  Topii  Aias  llneas^  ni&llor,  obti- 
nuerunt  a  fluente  aqua  partes  moUius  cohaerentes  deteren  tc 

Obf  2*  An  manu  humana  ^  an  a^re  &  aqua^  ftinc  formats 
litetM  igmu^  quas  in  faxo  elevata8>  in  cavema  quadam  ob- 
fervavit  ToaaN£FoiLT  Voyage  aux  tenant^  ignotum  adhoe 
clt 

Dubius  &  hanro^  literae  num  heic  locumhabere  pofllnt  in  vdk 
infiriptionit'^d&netaOeJhrti  ArabUi yl>xopt  ManRukrttm^  quaf 
ab  Ifrdditis  fuiffe  fadas  vulgo  dieitur^  licet  iiters  lint  quan 
maxime  ignotae,  cfir.  SSk^^  Bikliotb.  P.  IV.  p.  g. 

Eadem  ttt  ratio  literarutn^  quae  in  in  ula  Ceyhn^  lapidibus, 
longiores  &  reftae  infculpts  reperiuntur.  cfr.  C£rb£tts 
qftind.  Naturgejcb.  f.  212. 

7.  LITHOTOMI  caviiM  oUMvi  aperta  ionati.    Ollm 

CIGANTEii:*  Spec.  641. 

Sucth.   JAxTGRlfTOR. 
GalL    PlERRES  CREUSES* 

Qerm^  i<iESENT6pFE»  ^ 

Stmt  caviutes  cylindric^e ,  duorum  vel  trium  pedum 
profundiuce  &  diamecro  duorum  vel  rrium  ulnarum  ,  ot 
lis  majofibus  baud  diffimiles^  in  montibus  nonnuUibi  pr^* 
fentes,  iis  inprimis  locis  declivioribus  ^  ubi  fluxus  aqui- 
rum  videtur  fuiiTe  i  vel ,  nive  coUiquacai  adhuc  vebeiDca- 
tior  efle,  quo  lapidcs  Tpatfi  cireumagiuri  pofluat. 

Obf.  Has  oUas  ab  aquis^  fuo  fluxu  lapidcs  olim  in  faperficie 
montium  fparfos  in  motum  circularem  excitantibus .  fuift 
produdas  iivlicare  videntur  loea  decli  viora  ubi  bar  oils  repe- 
riuntur, ncc  non  lapidcs  duriores  in  iisdem  adhuc  prseTenteSi 
inorbicularcmplanamfiguramhocfuomoiu  detriti.  cb.AEU 
Stoekb.  Vol.  XXIV.  pag.  279.    Sed,  hoc  ipfo  abfoUtc  im- 

Eugnare  non  volumut  eorum  fententiam ,  qui  contcndlA 
as  ollasi  faltem  nonnullu,  olim  manu  humana  fuiSe  cxca* 
vatas  pro  contundcndo  firumcato  rcl  alios  in  uftis. 


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tx  C  •  )  ><l  <»i 

\  Ordo  ^tus, 

;  CALCULI. 

I  Sueth.    ST£NAFW£f* 

Ij  Gall.  Calculs. 

t  Gernu   ST€lN&HNLXCBKtITEK« 

Sunt  lapides ,  divcrfa  compofitione  &  indole  ^  qui 
^in  vegecabilibds  vel  animalibus  aliquando  inveniuntari 
^  aliquam  fiaajlicudmeoi  cum  lapidibus  mkicralibiis  gauden- 

^    OV^  Ai  regtium  mincnrale  ^  hi  lapides ,  rigorofe  loquendo 
non'  pertinent)  utjpote  non  in  fliperfieietelluris  nee  in  locis 
flibterraneifl  ofovii,  raro  &  eadem  minerali  materia,  qua  alii 
lapides^  compofiti ;  ea  veto  de  caulTa  locum  inter  corpora  mi- 
^       jQcralia  obtinuerunt)  quod  r«piu8  lapidea  fint  duritic  &  omni- 
^        so  percgrina  exiilnntin  vegetabilibus  tk  animaiibusi  faltem) 
Biillo  modo  ut  corporum  oi^anioorum  partes  conftitutiva 
confiderari  poflunt,  licet  abiisdem  vitiatis  fuam  fxpius  habe-- 
^        tntoriginem.  Eum  inAiper  in  mineralogicis  prxftat  horum 
"^     '   lapidum  cognitio  ufum ,  qUod  ab  iisdem,  divetfi  generation 
nif  sftodi  lapi4uai  in  aprieum  ponuBtui* 


§•  t6s. 


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I.  CALCULI  VEGETABILIUM. 

Gen.  75. 

Sueth.    WIxTERS    STENAR. 

GalU  Calculs  ou  Pikrres  DEis  vegetaux. 

Germ.  Steine  in  cewachsen. 

Sunt  lapides  in  vcgctabilibus  inprimis  arboribus  ali- 
quapdo  obvii»  in  iisdeiii^  vei  eorundeui  vitiaco  lucco 
generati,  vd  cafu  quodam  intrufi. 

Obf.  Lapides  in  vegattbifihus  gciVcr^.ri^adhticquidcm  none* 
obfervatum;  cxiflimamusvero  lapidesin  ilsseque  ac  inaoh 
maUbus  generari  poffe  vel  Atcco  viclato  vei  fenlo.  Sk  wa 
vel  nuclei  vcgctabilium  lapldeani  fere  obtincre  poffint  durr 
tieniy  quid  impedit.  quin  lapla  ab  hiijusmodi  materia  iqtc- 

{[etabilibiis  aliquando  produci  poilit  ?  Probabileeft  vcgrubi< 
ia  fuis  aliquando  ]abora^e  mocbis,  fuaque  habere  monlia 
Ab  Inufuata  vegetabiliuni  anaton\ia'  dependet  quod  nuUae 
vel  fads  paucam  de  his  lapidibus  ^abcmus  cogDitioneB. 
RuMPFiirs  in  Amboin^  R.  a*  L.  IL  Cap.  46.  comnemone 
In  Amboina^  Indianos  magni  faccre  &  aeftimare  lapides  in 
vcgctabilibus  repcrtos. 

I.  CALCULI  VEGETABILIUM  ,  in^K    Spec.  64^. 
Sueth.  Ingrodde  stbnar  i  wXxter 

GalL    PlERRES  FORM^ES    DANS  DES  V^GETAUX. 

Germ.  Ik  pflanz^n  GtwACHSENE  steine. 

Sunt  calculi ,  utpluricnuni  filtcei  ,  qui  in  arboribus, 
omni  latere ,  intra  corticem ,  imo     interdum  fere  in  mc- 
ditullio  arborum  plenc  inclufi  fnnt  rcperti,  a»^squc  uUo 
in  cortice  aut  arbore  veftigio  vulnerationis  excriiieca?. 
Obf.  Huju^roodi  inclufi  &innati  lapidei  aplurimis  ftintobfcr 
vati ;  in  Betula    ut  legitur  £pfe,  N    Curiof  Vol.  p.  66,  in 
Qutfcu   in    Ac^     Erud^   Upf,    In  Pinu  Jyloeflri.Rd  Medevi  m 
Ofirofotbia;  in  Abiet^  in  Neritia^  qui  bini  pofterioreiinAM- 
/io  Bromelliano  olim  fucrunt.  Ego  unum  pofTidco  ab  aba- 
te intra  rami  crailioris  radicem  inclufum  a  Sigtuna  in  Vf- 
landia.    Hi  omncs  fuutjilicea  naturae,  qui  arlK)rc adhucjo* 
Biore,  cafu  quodam  fucrunt  forfan  inclufi,  vulncrc  6e^ 
de  faaato. 

1.  GAL. 


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2.  CALCULI  VEGETABILIUM.  intrui.    Spec  543. 
Sued).  IntrXngds  stenar  i  wXxter. 

Gall.   PlERRES   QUI  SONT  ENTROU^ES  DAKS,  LES    Vfi* 
GETAUX. 

Germ,  In  pflanzen  bingedrSkcte  steine. 

Sunt  Itpides  in  arboribus  obfervad ,  non  perfede  in- 
clu(t,  vcU  ita  falcem  inclufi,  ut  extcinfcce  adhuc  vcfti* 
gia  appareanc  violeacs  vulnerauoiiis  &  incruGonis. 

Obf.  Hue  forfan  pcrtinet  lapis  cujuf  mcationcm  fiicit  Woa« 
Miua  in  Muf.  L.  a*  Op.  19* 


fti»m.Ji^  Rt  f«x^* 


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6%€  txCo)^ 

§.    l66. 

3.  CALCULI  ANIMALIUM. 

Gen- 76. 
Sueth.  DiuRSSTENAR. 
Gall.  Calcuis  0¥  Pierres  dss  akimaux. 
Germ.  Thiersteine. 
Sunt  lapides  in  animalibus  generati ,  vel  a  materU 
terreflrii  qms  a  Uquidis  circulantibus,  aliquando  io  h- 
iis  majoribus  luWiftentibus  ,    prscipitatur  &  concrdck, 
vel  a  materia  (juacunque  alia  vmcilaginofa  crafla^  qus 
Tub  ftagnationibus  concrefcere  &  iiidurefcere  folet. 

Olf.  Cum  his  animalium  calculis  non  confundi  debent  ^ 
animalium  duriora^  neque  lapides  minerales^  qui  ia  ▼entrioh 
lis  animalium  aliquando  reperiuntur,  ab  Usdcm  cafii  qw 
dam  dcglutiti« 

X.  CALCULI  ANIMALIUM  ,  concbarum.      Maiga. 
RiT^.  Spec.  644- 

Vniones. 

Calculus  com-byUi.   v.  Linn^  177.  7# 
Sueth.  PXrlor 

Gall.    pERLES. 

Germ.  Perlen. 
Sunt  lapides  molliores  >  ab  indurata  terreftri  mitcnti 
calcares  indolis,  globofi  velovaieS)  colore  aiboamcs- 
rulefccnte,  fuperBcie  nitente,  diverts  in  conchyliit  pne* 
lentes ,  in  oftreartttH  nonnuUis  varictatibus ,  in  pinnM  wu- 
rina^  inprimis  in  tnujculis  leu  i»;y/27iJ  margaritiferk^  s 
quibus  ad  ipfam  teftam  in  latere  interiori  aurgariur  C> 
lent  efle  adfixx. 
(a)  MARGARiTiE  rotunda. 

Sunt  globofae ,  diverfa  magnitudinc. 
Cb)  Margaritjk  ovales.    GuTXit  iiargautje. 
Sunt  oblonga  figura ,  undc  guisanam  aomea  obdair 
runt. 


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(CO  MAkGAliit^  bemffericit* 
(dj  MARGARiTiE  cdmprejfe. 
Sunt  rotunda:  vel  ovales,  fed  ib  utrdqUe  iaffere  com* 
prelTs. 

br/  I.    Mar^arits  teperhintut  rt6n  Tolum  id  cowbit  ntfrU 
tiir,  fed  eciam  in  concbis  aquarum  duUium,    lacuSribus  auc 
fluviatilibus. 
Majorca  vocari  folent  unma\  mihofes  autem  maYgdrk'-a. 

X)hf.  ft*  Vcnduntiit  margarltae  magrto  prctiO,  quod  tamcn  di- 
fcrepans  clt  (a)  rationc  inagnitudimsj  quaintcrdum  eeraja  ae- 
quant:  (b)  ratione/^ttr^,  qua  rtpcriuntur  gldbofe,ovalfS, 
cylindrlcap,coinprcH«  :  (c  '  rationc  toloris  albo  laftf?o,  alLo 
caerulcfccntc,  grifcc,  fufco^  nigrlcantc,  ttiacjlofo  feu  varie- 
gate: (d^  rationc  nitorir^  feu  ut  gcmmarH  loc)uuntur,<i^«^ 
fortius  aut  debUius  nitcncis:  (c)  ratione  furitatit^  qua  vel 
Ibmipeliueid^  vel  opacse  exiftunt. 
VuriJUantnt  pulvere  offis  jifik-^  fumkii^fili  &  myh^  eunk 
fafonc  vtntto  C/  aqtut. 

0.  CALCULI  ANIMALIUM,  limacum.  Calculi  tr- 
MAcuM.  ^  fipec.  645* 

Sueth.  TrXgXrds  swACkstEHAR^ 
GalU  PrcRRES  d£  limasons^ 
Germ,  Gartenschneckensteine. 

Defcribuncur  ut  albt  aut  caerulefcentc^ .%  remipelluci- 
dii  figura  ovali  ^  maxime  Uves«    cfr»  Wormii  Mat/* 

3.  CALCULI  A^^MALIUM  tri^fiace^nm^    LAt>ibEi 
CAHCRORuif.  Spec*  6^k 

Ociili  can&orum.    VuLCbi. 
Calculus  cancri^    v.  L ikn£  1 1^;  g^ 
Sueth.  KrXftstenar. 
Oalb  PtERRBS  D'KCalVlSsfi 

Germ.  Krebssteike. 

Sunt  lapides  diolHores  caleartfl.  (colore  ilbd  aiifc  cit4 
riildGseatft^  lifiguTpl^        cruftaeci  iuftar  cep^i  unde 

Rr  s  ia 


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€29  t>*(o)ii^ 

in  igne  in  latnellas  concavo  convexas  cxfoUintuf  ^  ^ 
pc  ventriculum  in  cancrino  gencre  iahofpicantcs. 
CO  Lapid£S  cancro&um  )  gammari. 
Raro  reperiuntur. 

(b)  Lapid£S  canckokum,  paguri. 

(c)  Lapides  cakcrorum^  afiaci. 

(d)  LaPIDES  CANCRORUMf  y^/V/^e* 

01^  Dicuatur  hi  lapidcsgenerari  a  fucco  zlbo^  qui,  co  tempore 
quo  hcc  crullacea  corpora  novam  inducre  cruilam  &  anti* 
quam  deponcre  volunti  in  utroque  latere  feparetur&fecer- 
nitur,  &conrequeateriucceifiveiaduratur,  unde  cnilUccos 
fit  lapis.  Ab  liis  lapidibus  ut  &  ventricuio  ptiiVmo  eancroi 
fuutn  Iiabere  alimentum «  eo  quo  cruilam  mutant  tempore» 
Sub  quo  &  sgrotant  &  quiefcunt^  plurimi  dicunu  Fit  Iixc 
eruQae  renovacio  qiiotannis,  quifm  crudamprorationctqg- 
meati  corporis  extcndcre  non  poffunt. 

4.  CALCULI  ANIMALIUM  pedicuU  ntarim.    Calcu^ 

LI  CIMKIS.  Spec.  647. 

Sucth.   Hafslusstenar, 

Gall.    PibRRES    DU  POUX   DE  MER. 
Germ.    SfiELAUSSTfilNE. 

f     - 

Hu]us  calculi  mentionem  facie  Wormivs  in  Abf/^  p, 
2^1. 

f .  CALCULI  ANIMALIUM  coha.  Lapides  serpkk- 

TINI   MAGNETIC!*  SpcC*   6481 

Viedra  de  coha.     Portugali* 

Sueth.  Indianske  ormstenar.    Maghetiskr  orm* 

STENAR. 
Gall.    PlERRES    Dfi    SERPENS   DES     INDES.        PiSR&ES 
DE   SERPENS. 

Germ«  Indianische  scalangenstrins.    Macks- 

TISCHE   SCHLANGENSTEINE* 

Sunt  lapides  globofi  &  tuber9fi ,  intriofcce  crofta- 
cci)  nign  )  lAtdrdiim  ^-albefccntes '  cum  ai^  ">^nilpf| 


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>^  C  o  )  li^  629 

]gravc5 1  perhlbcntur  rcpcriri  in  capite  vcl  rentrc  ferpen* 
turn  majoruiii  ia  W/a  nofpitandum ,  qui  vocanturaror* 
tugallis  cohra  veL  coira  de  cahelo ,  uade  &  hi  lapidcs  nCH 
fiicn  obti(U!erunt«  Vocancur  eriam  magnetici  ob  vim» 
qus  iilis  attribuitur  venena  actrahendi. 

Recentiores  vcro  contcndunt  hos  lapidcs  eflrefpurios, 
fnudulentQT  ab  Indianis  arte  fados ,  a  fruftutis  cornu  cer^ 
r/»  vel  alio  rum  animalium  cornubus,  forma  globofa  ab- 
fcifHs  &  incifis  atqne  deindc  calcinatis  ^  unde  ^  tion  mi* 
rum  quod  iotrinrecc  nigri  appareant  quemadmodum  alia 
cfla  cqdem  modo  calcinata.  Interea  tamen  hunc  fraudu* 
l^ti^m  lapidem  heic  nominare  debuimus. 

€.  CALCULI  ANIMALIUM  igvafKe.     CALCUti  xgva. 

N^.  Spec  649- 

Sucth  Stenar  af  igvana. 
GalL  Pierre  d'  igvane* 
Germ.  Steine  von  igvana* 

Dcfcrbuutur  ut  albi,  fragilcs;  in  capicc  igvana  ho- 
fpitantes,  fed  &  hi  maxime  dubii  fant. 

7,  CALCULI  ANIMALIUM,  Vwfo^t/  vlantis.    Dra- 

CONIT^.  Spec.  650. 

Draconiia^ 

Sueth.    5ITEKAR    AF    FLYGANDE    DRAKAR.      DrACONL 

TER. 
Gall.    PlERRES    DE    DRAGONS     VOLANS.        DraCONI* 

TE$. 

Germ.  Steine  von  fuegenden  drachek.    Dra- 

CONITEN. 

Deferibuntur  hi  lapidcs ,  alii ,  ut  pcUucidiute  cry- 
IblUna  prsditii  alii,  ut  divcr(is  ornati  coloribus,  o^ro, 
rubro,  albo  &c.  figura  fphaerica ;  cfr.  Plinius  in  Hifi.  Nat. 
LXXXVll  ap.  X.  Langius  in  Hifi.  Up.  Fig.  Heh. 
Lll.  Cap.  5-  p.  9.  *  41.  &c.  Wagner  in  Ht%  Nai. 
Balv.  p.  %%6.    P.  BoaBLLUs  in  Ohf.  Mtd.  Ptyf.  Oif.  SS- 

^  R  r  3  Scd, 


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«3o.  ^^  o,  )  trt 

Sedit  Higenue  loqucodo,  d|e  bujusmodi  kpi^ibiis  in 

dracomtus  gcaeratis  yalde  diibicaimis.  Iq  aatccedcntibQi 
iijiuiiuiusy  ajiroius  ioiiv  corolla  dcfcripcos,  ( Spec,  ^f^) 
a.  iiojvuuillis  Jrjcomi(n  vel  dracontias  appcUari;  (ed  hi^ 
niaguitudiiie  fj?pc  maj^ori  quam  uc  Ml  djraconibus  gcnecaios 
iioi  <|ui^s  iaiagiaari  poflet/iufuper  &  omui  fcrc  carcncpd- 
lucUiUce.  (o^uiuam  e^o  (inc  lapi^cs^  quos  auQorei  oo- 
nii^apfub,  hoc  nomine  dcfci;ibtrc  yolucrunt,  cum  ccrti- 
tuJ^«>i^diccrc  non  poffumus.  Pliirimi  probabilitcr  clicunf 
COS.  cue  nonnifi  (ilicei  vci  Marzo/ox  pcllucidos  lap^dcs, 
^iguiari  6g  ^a.  cfr.  Sjpad^  Ctf/o/*  yeron.  f.  d^i* 

p^  Doccndum  nos  aliquam  mentloaemhonimlapldambeie 
&ccrccoafto8  fuiflc,  quodcameiiQoaaliugn.iiifincmfiidtnBv 
qt|am  uC  piitcat  ii;t  ^^s^sium  a  ycfiute  9b^<;nnt;  anuqujor^ 
lithographi ,  qui  utplurimum  fabulqfis  narrationibiu  fuai 
implcrunc  dercriptiones.  ^em  fcr^  di^  P9l(ci\  de  Sp€t^4^ 
5t4  ^  0^  allatis  ijE  dclcripcis. 

^  CALCULI  ^VSIN^ALIVM^  tfifiudinfm.  CitoNiTJ. 

Droma. 

Celontes.    CbehnM. 

SuetK  Stenae  af  sxtiipaddoiu^ 

Gall.    PiFRRES  DB  TORTUi^S, 

Gertiv  Steinb  yoi^  schudkiiStek. 
lu  majoribus  rcpcnri  folcnt  teftudinibus ,  qui  teAl 
Mudcnt  o//re/f  vcl  p$ujculis  margaritifcris  fcrc  asquali^  co- 
fore  dicuiUtir  dTc  purpurco  vel  alio.  HuJusiuOidi  caloi' 
iura  a  tcjiudine  terrefiri  ^  forma  fpha^cpidUU.  irrcgulari, 
maxiinc  la^vqm  dic(cribic  Payua  Ci/o/.  7'v^.  i.  l^*  joa^ 
AVo.  II. 

9.  CALCULI  ANlNMLIUMj^/ym  ^//^g^.     Calcvu 

BCLLUGiE.  SPC^  6{% 

Siicth.  Stenar  af  fiskeh  beuiMjA. 

Gall     PiERRES  DU  PQiaSON  BEUVCA. 
GcfOl.   St£1N£  VOM  FXSCUE  BEttVGA. 

Soot 


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IM  (  O  )  Kf  631 

Sunt  lapides  ex  albo  BavefccDtcs  cruftaeei,  qui  rcpe- 
riuntur  in  pifcibus,  Belluga  vocadSf  ad  gcnm  Siurionis 
feu  Accipenjeris  pcrtincntibus ,  a  qiiibus  icbibyocolla  ob- 
tineri  folcc,  unde  &  IcbtbyocolU  appellari  foient,  qui  ho- 
A>ifaat  in  flumine  Wolga.  cfr.  Collinson  in  A8.  Ang}^ 
Vol.  -f^.  Nro.  jfSs.  pag.  451. 

^If.  Plurimi  Utbogtaphi  mentionm  fiioiunt  lapijuai  incapl- 
tibus  pifcium  pr«fcntiiun«  ^aoM£LL  In  AB.  Erud.  XJff^  Ao. 
1725.  iufigoem  exhibuit  catalogum  eocumpircium  in  quU 
bus  dicuBtur  efle  reperd,  etiam  J.  Tu.  Klsin  Inpifi*  N. 
MiflT.  I  mo.  DivAintur  hi  lapidea  ca  allquando  effe  tbtritie^ 
ue  ad invicem  percufli  clanRorem  feufonum  edant,  iiBO,  ad 
chalybem  intcrdum  fcintillent,  qoemadmoduan  refertur  do 
Up\dc  $cie9Ut  Aktedim  ;  Umbra  Aldrovandi.  L«p.  Si^ 
fern  Wbatisl/iv.  aliijque;  alii defcribuntur ut pelluddit 
alii  femipcUucidit  figura  guoque  diverfa,  globofa,  eUipdca, 
^ompfcfl^  uel  angulari.  Scd  recentiores  hiftoriei  naturalca 
Indicarunt  hos  lapides,  qui  in  omni  fere  pifcium  generc,  ad 
^  vel  :)  paria,  imo  plura  rcperiuntur  inclufa  in  veficula  qua- 
dam  clara  in  capitibus  eorundem  ad  cerebrum  adbaerente, 
nihil  aliud  tfttquoLmofficulaauditus^  ejusdemque  aliquando 
indolis  &  uftis  cum  iis  oflibua,  quae  aliis  in  animalibus  an- 
pellantur  offa  petrofa^  aliquando  eadem  Indole  cum  officulo 
audicuff  eocblea  vocato.  Hue  ni  fallor  pertinent  etiam  la* 
pidca  tuberonum^  coracini  Sc  manati  nec  non  cintdia  ^fynQ* 
iin^>i  Plinii» 

Simul  heic  commemorare  debemui,  aliquando  hi  piy^i^a/ repe- 
riri  quoque  Upides  deglutitos ,  inprimii  in  pifcibus  votacio- 
ribus,  quos  forfan  nonnulli  Uthographi  liuc  connnmerare 
voluerunt«  Hujusmodi  lapidem  maculis  pulclire  rubtis  ad« 
fperrum,  ck  Li^io  pifoe  obtinui,  ipfe  licet  lapis  ad  fuam  ftab- 
iUntiam  inter  faxa  &  quldcm grMuitas  Aium  nabere  debet  lo- 
eum.  Undenam  maculas  rubras  fuperficiales  obtlnuitmi* 
bi  ignotum.  ^ 

lo,  CALCULI  ANIMALIUM^  g/t/?or««i.  Lapide^ali- 
cTORii.  3pcc  if  J3. 

Sucth.  TUPPESTENAR.      CaPUHSTENAR. 
Gall.    PlERKES     ALECTORIENKES     OU     PlBRRES     pE 
COQS. 

GcriD^  Hahnensteine.    Kapauhensteihi* 

Rr  4 


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632  ^Co)>^ 

t^erhibentur  reperiri  in  galiis  gallinacetf  >  qui  fepteoi 
transegerint  aanos  poftquam  certio  ctads  anno  fueniat 
caftrati.  ' 

(a)  Lapi»es  AiECTqRil,  tryftaUini. 
Sunt  aquea  ciarirate  ^  forfan  lapides  minores  quaru- 

Cb)  Lapidcs  alectorii^  cinerei. 

(c)  Lapides  aiectorii  s  fujci. 

Ohfi  Nonnulli  dictint  hos  lapldet  rqperitl  Iq  ventrieulo ;  Aoei* 
COLA  autem  de  Nat.  Fossil.  LVL  p.  629.;  dupUcet  <b- 
fbribit  aledoriot  lapides ;  alios  iavratriVn/ogenetatot,  fi^o- 
ra  hupini  cjusdcmque  aut^^^t  magaitudine,  colore  cisereoaot 
fufca  diluto  ^  vcl  fie  cryftallinM  fade  ;  alios  ia  jec^rt  cafomm 
generatoSy  colore  fiifooj.  majores^  iofcrius  cavemofoi^ 
Tuperius  parum  extuberantes«  Si  haec  vera^  priorea  foiliB 
dlci  pofliint  lapldea  deglutiti^  non  iU  veco  pofteriores, 

II.  CALCULI  hmUKlSSJUy^hifundinum.  Lafidd 

CHEHDONH*  Spec.  65+ 

Sueth.  SwalestenaRi. 

Galh  Chelidoines  ou  Pierres  d^hirondelleji^ 

Germ,  Schwalbensteike* 

In  ventrieulo  birundinum  vel  eorondem  puttie  rcpc* 
riri  dicuntur  colore  alba  vcl  rubentc*  Sunt  lapUIuIi  mi* 
nores  deglutiti  pro  fublevanda  tricura  alimentorum^ 

Obf.  Ht  ftint  difiingueadi  ari&tf/fibffff/iirffffr«rftei:quo6dercr!pfr> 
'    mus  Tom  t  Spec.  136*  p.  281*  qui ,  ob  aliquant  apqualitatm 
cum  hisIapidibuachelidoniiSi  vel^  quia  iidem  aliquandoi 
in  hirundinibua  reperti^  ftium  obtinuerunc  nomcq. 

la.  CALCULI  ANIMAUUM^  motacHlarum.  Chlori- 
TJB.  spec.  551- 

Sbeth«  Stenar  af  3rlor«    SSdesIrlestenar. 

Gall.   PlERRES  DE  HOCHEqVEUES. 

Germ.  Bachstellzensteine. 


Colo- 


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^  C  o  )  «J  .633 

Colore  defcribuntur  viridi  graminco,  ia  ventriculis 
harum  avium  praefentes*    cfr.  PtiNius  LXXXVll.  Cap. 

0>/r  AcmcoLA  de  KaU  Fojf.  LVI.p^  629.  dicit  ebloritem  vcl 
fmaragdum  eiFc^  dum  translucct  ;  vel  jaJYidm^  dum  non 
rranslUcct ,  ab  Ms  vero  dlftum  ,  eundcm  in  JiylU  avis 
ventre  eilc  congenitunu 

13,  CALCULI  ANIMALIUM  an/erum  magellanicarum. 
Calculi  pinguinum.  Spec,  6ftf» 

Suctb,   ECKELFOGELST£Nt 
Gall.   Pl£RR£S  DE  PINGOUINf. 

Germ.  Eckelvogelsteine. 
In  ventriculo  anferum  magellanicarum  funt  obferva- 
ti,  rcipfa  vcro  nonnifi  deglutiti  funt  lapidcs^ 

14,  CALCULI  ANIMALIUM  vuUurum.   Calculi  vul- 

TIJ^RIS^  SptC*  657. 

Sucth,  Gamsstenar. 

Gail    PlERRES  DE  VAUTOURS. 

Gcrra^  Geiersteine, 

03/  Si  non  omncs,  plerique  tamen  lapiies.  avium  defcripti  a 
Sf€c,  10.  ad  ij^am  inclufivc,  nihil  aliud  ftint  quam  deglu- 
titi lapides  minor es,  quarzofiy  arenas ei  aut  filicti  tzroac ba^ 
tini^  quof  aves  deglutiunt  pro  melius  ftiblevanda  tritura 
alimenti  affumti;  faltemhoccertodicipoteftdeiifflapidibus 
qui  in  vrafriocfo  eof undem  reperiuntur,  ft  quidem  non  folum 
in  avibus  nominatis,  fid  etiam  in  aliis  pIuriBuSr^ 

r5.  CALCULI  ANIMALIUM  bovini  generis.  Bulithi. 

Spec.  6i;8- 
BeT^oarJici  bovini. 

Sueth.   BOSXAPSSTENAI. 

Gail.  PlERRES  DE  BESJIAUZ*      BeSOARDS   XiE  B£STI« 

AUX,      BuOLITHES.       ^ 
Germ     RiNDERSTEINE* 

Rr  f  Re. 


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«34  »HCo>>cJ 

Repcrfri    folent  hi  lapidcs    cam  iq    vaccis  qoiA 
Mus. 

Ca>  Bytixqi  ife  veniriculo. 

Hi  utpiurimum  fuat  deglutiti  lapMes. 
<h)  BuLiTHi  if  renibus  auf  vefica  urinaria. 
(«)  BuLiTHi  if  veficida  fellea. 
.Hi,  uc  cruftacci,  fplcnt  propric  ^f ^oor Jm  ^wiw  a^ 

Ecllari ,    colore  viridefceacc  aut  flavefccatc  ^  aosid 
)avila  Oi/.  T.  i.  p.  50^.  iVro.  21. 

X(f.  CALCULI  ANIMALIUM  M/^wi  generis.     Lafh 

DES  BE20ARDICI.  SpCC.  tf 5> 

Calculus  gaftricus  folidMS  tumcatus^  v.  Linn6  176.  4- 
Sueth.  Bezoa&stekar« 
Gall.  Besoarbs^ 
Qcxxs^  Bezoarsteike, 

Sunt  iapides  moUioresi  cruftacci»  lameltis  coucemiv 
dscompofiti,  figura  faepc  ovali,  plu?  minus  comprrfi 
in  centro  gaudcnc  nucko  filamentofo ,  vcl  alio  magis  foli- 
dp,  qui  pro  bafi  infervic,  circa  quern  cruftx  formancori 
reperiuntur  in  ventriculo  animalium  generis  capdoL 
(jl)  La? is  bezoardicus  arienioHs. 
Colore  eft  viridefcence,  fuperficie  quafi  poliu,  par 
ticulis  fubtiliffimis  compoutus ,  crullaceus  »  lamdP 
concentricis  conftans ,  indufus  in  facculo  hofpiat  a 
ventriculo  Capricervi  feu  GazeJla  Irnkc^^  teX  Csfr*^ 
Bezoardic^e. 
Cb)  Lapis  bezoardicuSi  Qccidtnfalif. 

Colore  eft  grifeo  vel  nigrefcence,  fqperfioe  iosqoiS, 
particulis  paulo  cralEoribus,  cnifbiceus,  in  ^ocuk 
inciufus  reperitur  in  ventifailo  ^upricapr^  lea  £»* 
frx  motUMa. 


CO  La. 


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(9)  Lahs  bezoarbicus  ,  vti^arih 
Colore  eft  albcfccnce  vel  grifeo,  intriniece  albus,  cru* 
ftaceus,  in  facculo  inolulus  rcperhur  in  capris  dome^ 
fticis  ^licjuando* 

Ohf.  1.  Picunt  probabili^r  nonai^li  bqslapidesprodiiqiaftf* 
Jlnofis  gummofir  alUsque  fticcis  vcgetabilium)  ia  vcncricolis 
liorum  anifnaliuni)  circa  nucleumprius  dcgiudcum^  fueccfli* 
vc  concretis. 

C^-  2*  CoghofeODtur  genuini  hi  bczoar4ici  lapidci  Ca)ftnidiip 
>ra  intrinfcca  cruft^cca  {^b)  Adcharumairicad^  bocauu  fa« 
ciunt,  luteo  virefcentcm.  ioprin^is  fi  charca  priua  foerit  con- 
^erla  cincf  ibus,  creta  vex  c^lcc  viva.  S«pe  ()purii  &  arte  fa« 
&i  dividuntur,  uade  &  raro  ver!,  raro  &  bini  ex  ade  squalet 
repcriri  pofluot 

Quomodo  a  Boom  foJJUi  Spe^.  633.  Ut^  K  defcripto  diftlngul 
pcfliint,  ab  utr^uiqne  diiU^dif  duraderibui  f?cilc  pat^ 

17.  CALCXTLI  AKlMAUJJMj^cervorvm.  Calcvli  cjea- 
viNi.  $pca  66a 

Bezoar  cervinum^ 
Sucth.  Hiortstenah. 

Cj^II^   BESOABLP  DB  CERFSk 

Ge^nu,  IlmscHSTEiNE. 

Sunt  hi  4uplices  obfiervatu 
fa)  Calculi  cervin^  in  vnuricuh.      P^TOAH^ia 

CERVINU 

Colore  funt  itbo  flavelbente ,  cruftacei ,  ideo  8c  pro* 
prie  ^ezoardici  cervini  vocati,  ut  iezoardici  occidun^ 
tales  nuDCT  defcripii,  merito  confiderari  pbflunt ;  in 
ventricuio  vel  inteftinb  cervorum »  America  meri* 
JionsHs^  fa  Pnu  prsfenies.  cfr«  Hern  and  NUxic. 

304.      DAVltA  CMt.  T.  U  f •  S02.  Nr0^  4. 

Q>)  Calculi  cervini  ^  de  amibis  oadorum.    La- 
cmruM  ctRyiNJE. 
^b  indurata  aqua  oculari  feu  hcbrymis  ftiaia  habere 
origineortiicunt^r,  colore  rqbrQ^  (uperficie  palicay 
ireaofi.  cfr.  Scaliq&k  Exenih  liU 


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Obf.  Pau^iki  tn  Efi«  Lu/lg.  P,  H.  p^  17^*  centendit  flerpeo* 
tes  a  cervit  devoratos,  in  ventricQloeorundcmin  Upidei 
muuri,  c£r«  Sacusii  gumauiroK  p.  179*  Fides  fit  peiu* 
dorem^ 

18,  CALCULI  ANIMALIUM  generh  JutlU.     C^ 

CUH  SUILtl^  SpCCWl 

SuCth,    SwiNSTENARt 

Gall  Bbsoard  ou  PiEaRS.  ns  cqchohs^ 
Gerou  Schwewsteine^ 

Ab  his  dicuntur  obfenrati^ 

(a)  Calcwi  svan  de  ventriado^ 

(b)  Calculi  suilli  d^  ve/kula  ftlka. 

Satit  colore  flavcfccaw  Ycl  flavo  viridefeente. 
(c>  Calcuh  suilli  de  rofira  fuum^ 

Hi  focfan  funt;  hpidcs  minorc^  vi  quad^oi  introfi- 
(d)  Calculi  suilli  de  apris* 

Ex  Aprit  Indicis  funt  frcqucntiorcs^  cft^  Dkvtu 
Cat,  T.  I  p.  T04.  ^ro.  If.  ig. 

1^.  CALCULI  ANIMALIUM  byftritum.  Lapidk  ht- 

STRVCINI.  Spec  662 

Lapides  maUccenJeS^ 

Lapides  porcini. 

JHedra  del  porca.    Portugallorum, 

Suech.   PlGCSWINSSTENAR. 

Gall.  Besqard  db  pqrc  epic 
Germ.  Stachelschweinsteine^ 
Sunt  lapides  extrinfece  moUiores ,  r  pii^uei «  bfvi 
iiifiar,  ftrua:ur;i  cruftacea.)  fspore  amaro  buiofot  tbSe 
coaguUuy  cum  temfNwe,   extrfofece  indurercence  ocf* 
nem  crahentes,  in  aniauuibus  erinaceis  feu  biftricikus* 
(t)  LaPides  HnTRiciKi  de  ventriculo^ 
SoleiK  tie  colore  gcifeo  ?el  mffckcaxt. 

0) 


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(b)  Lapides  HTSTRiciNi  Ji  veficwla  felka^ 

Sunt  viridefcentes  vcl  flavefcentei  ^  extrinfece  ioaeqita* 
biles,  liBvcs. 

Obf.  Hi  Upidrs  magno  dicuntur  efle  in  pretio,  prscituein  HoU 
JaudU*  Solviturmonetaaurea,  Dueat^  pofleflbri  hujqsJapU 
dls,  fi  modo  cjusdem  ufus  pro  amulcto  per  24.  boras  permitta- 
tur.  V.  D£  Bo>iAit£  in  Min.  T.  //.  p.  224.  rcfcrt  fe  spud 
Judaum  y^mftelodami  vidiflc  hujusmodi  Upidem  byfiricinum^ovi 
magnitudine,  pro  quo,  fi  Tcnderetur ,  poffeflbr  re^uirit 
3000*  ftorenos. 

10.  CALCULI  ANIMALIUM,    caflorum.      Lapides 
CASTOREi.  Spec.  653. 

Suech»  BXfwerstenar*  , 
Gall  Besoards  ov  Pierr£$  de  castors. 
Gernu  Bibersteine- 

Sacculo  rcperiuntur  inclufi  cruftacci;  a  nonnuUisdi' 
iintur  in  horum  animalium  in^uinibus  prope  telticulos  re- 
eriri«  cfr.  Geoffroy  in  Au.  Par(f.  1.712.  p.  206.  ic 

07. 

[•  CALCULI  ANIMALIUM,  equorum.  Hippolithi. 

Spec.  $64. 

Sueth.    HXSTSTEKAR* 

Gall.    HiPPOLlTHES  OU  BeSOARDS  de  CH£VAUX« 

Gtrm.  Pferdesteine. 

Dicuntur  obfervad 

(a)  HipponTHi  Je  ventrictdo. 
Sunt  bezoardica  ftru£tura»  cruftaccu 

(b)  HippoLiTHL  dt  vifictila  filha. 

Sunt  calculi  biliofi »  cruftacei ,  anpuri »  keves* 
Cc)  HiPPOtiTHt  de  vifica  urinaria. 
Terreftres,  ioaequabiles  1  graves.. 

CALCULI  ANIMALIUM  ,  afinorum.      Calculi 
AsiNiNi.  Spec.  66%. 

Sueth.    XsNESTENAE. 

CjalU  Besoards  des  anss. 

aerm.  Esilsxeins.  Ad 


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<|8  INCoJfc^ 

Ad  fiiam  fodokti)  naiil  ib  HippoKchis  difcrepant; 
(a)  Cmcuii  asinihi  de  oni^ris. 
Sunt  colore  albo  vel  flavefcentc ,  biliofi,  chiftaoci^li* 
V€$^  ftiagnitudmediverfa,  plcrumquc  o vales, 
(bj  CAtcULi  AsiNiNl'^^  mutis^    Bezoar  mulinvm* 
6unt  edam  cruftacci,  in  veitcricuio  vel  iaccftiois: 

M.  CALCOLt  ANIMAUUM  rbinbcerotis.     CAtcut, 
AHiN6t£kdTiS4  Sptc.  666. 

Suetlu  Stenar  af  kHiNocEftOTBt^ 
Gall.  ISesoard^  i^e  RHiNOCERds* 
Germ.  Steine  vom  rhinoceros. 

Hos  dcfcribit  Davila  CatdL  T.  J.  *•  f o<.  Nra.  L 
forma  ovali  tompttttii^  fdperficie  ihsquabiUi  tubtrculQ& 

04*  CALCULI  ANiMALItJMi  iUpbamum      Bezoai 

elephaKtinuM;  Spec  667. 

Sueth.  Stenar   af   Cie^hai^teIi^      EtEPUAHTSti- 

GalL  Besoards  ou  Pierres  d'elephams. 

Germ*    EL£PH\NTE>iST£lKE.. 

Sunt  forma  ovali  compreflfa^  crafiacei^  colore  h£» 
iut  purpUred.  ffa^iks,  iiMardicis  la^ihu  CiVro.  I4j 
dcfcriptisy  utplurimum  fimiles» 

15.  CALCULI  ANlMALlDM ,  ftm<grm.    Bezoai  «c- 

MIARUM;  SfCt.(A 

Sueth-   APINlESTEKAi. 

Gall.  Besoards  qv  PiFRkss  dils  ttHtitt. 

Germ.  AFFii^sxEiNE. 
Rcpcriuntur  in  inteftmis  fimiamm,  globoIareSy  cnb^ 
tieif  ut  optimi  bezoardid  lapides  confickrari  folenc 

Off.  Hie  lapis  hesMrdkuf  JhiUifm^  dieittlrflMlzillloefleiap^ 
do,  jitque  pro  eodedi  uhra  1660  Imperiales  (blvi ;  fiukfi^ 
limum  in  pretio  occupat  locum  kfit  Ufirmmu  C  J^^*  ^) 
quern  Aibfcquicur  Ufis  heiiu^ieus  orUntslii  <  Kro.  iti  h) 
RcUqua  in  mediiuu  ufiad  fiUod  Aiat  pieclo. 


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a6.  CALCULI  ^nMALlUM  cfinibus  vel fihis  coagmn^ 
tati.  ^GAGROPiL^.  Spec.  669% 

Vih  dumarum. 

Tophi  juvencarum^ 

Calculus  gaflricus  intus  filejus.  V^Linn^  if 6.  5* 

Sucth.  TyiiE, 

Gall.  Egagropiles  ou  B£Soards  de  poiu 

Germ.  Balle. 
Sunt  forma  pleruiiiquc  alobofa  aut  ovali ,  raro  cylia- 
drica ,  extrinlece  veftid  crufta  nitcnte ,  fufca ,  intrinfece 
fills  aut  critiibus  coagmcQUcis  compofici ,  in  vcatriculo 
auc  inc^ftinis  animalium »  obvii. 

(a)  ^Egagropii*  ttinihis  rompofiil. 

Ori^inem  habcnt  a  crinibus ,  quos,  ie  IHmbendo,  imU 
malia  a  cute  feparant,  deinde  degiutiunt,  poftmoduai 
iQ  vcntriculo  coagmentantur  forma  globofa» 

(b)  ^GAGROPIL^  fihris  vegjitahiliunt  tompofiki^ 

Repcrluntur  in  rupicapris^  &  originem  habcnt  a  £bri$ 
vegetabUium  indigeftis  8c  coagmentatis* 

Ohf.  OmncfchlrcccnfitilapidcsIA  ^iwrfrttp^ii*!!/ repcrtl,  diVcr* 
fa  omnino  e5dftunt  naturft.  Qui  in  ^oentriculo  Or*  inteJUfdg 
occurrunty  aliqutndo  funt  Upides  mintralet  calVi  devorati; 
aliquando  a  Aiceis  vel  fibril  veg^taUlium  indigeAisftco- 
agmenutis  fuaai  habent  otiginem;  aliquaado  eadtm  cxiftunt 
indole  turn  lis  lapidibus  qui  in  '^JkuUjdka  generantur  a  bile 
coagulata&  indurata»quales  biliofi  lapides  colore  ftint  fla- 
vercente  vel  viriderecnte  ft  Chocsl i t a  vociri  (blent.  Qui 
in  ws  urindriif  reperiuntur,  lUnt  grlfei,  albefcentca,  tcrre-^ 
ftrei,  a  mucagine  &  |^r«eipitaca  maieria  terreftri  Aiamtra* 
hentes  originem. 

a7.  CALCULI  HUMAN!  Spcc.  6yo. 

Sucth*  Mennisko-strnaIi* 

Gall.   PlERJLES  HUMAINES. 

Germ.  Mrnschemsteine^ 

Gc- 


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6ip  ^  (  O  )  Kf 

Gcnerantur  calcnli  fere  ubivis  incorporehumanpmor* 
bofo  9  inphmi»  vero  funt  obfervad. 
(a')  Calcui-i  humani  in  veficula  urinaria. 

(b)  Calculi  humani  in  renibus, 

(c)  Calculi  humani  in  veficula  fellea. 

Obf.  I.  Nominatilapidcs  funt  frequentiores^prxtcrea  vero fliflt 
obfcrvati  imo.  In  pulmanibui  inprimis  in  trAcb^ea.  2do.  b 
hepate.  3tio.  in  ventrieulo.  410.'  in  intejiinu,  cto.  in  vafiifi^ 
guiferif  a  polybis  induratis.  6to.  in  gUndms  inprimis  fit 
nalibus^  a  faliva  (lagnante  &indurata;  7010*  in  pancrnu, 
8V0.  in  urerQ^  pno*  in  cdpite,  jomo.  in  oculis.  iimo.iB 
tumoribuf  faccatif.    lamo,  in  concretionibus  cMllofis  &e. 

Sunt  vero  lii  omnes  lapidea  diverfa  indole;  pUtrimi^  "nvip- 
ne^  velaliis  liqttoributcarporis  bumani  extitVBbtiM  ftiodurMit 
fuam  habent  originem^  unde  in  igne  volatiles  cxlftust; 
Nonnulli  generantur  a  Ule  craiTa,  in  ^eficuU  felka  vel  hifA 
ftagnata  &  indurata;  aUi  a  traeipiutit  particviis  ten^rtkiy 
eum  alimentis  vel  potulentis  ^  in  corpus  humtnum  ,  fa- 
ma  tetreftri  vel  foluta  ing^s^  quales  forftn  illi,  qui  in  vci- 
trieulo  &  inteftinii  reperiuntur,  nee  non  calculi  renalcs  & 
vefics;  alii  a  tulvere  lapidco  per  inflplrationem  attndo  A 
lis  qui  in  lapidibus  csdendii  Aint  occupati^  quales  llUftitf 
qui  in  pulmonibus  vel  trachM  reperiuntur ,  Ibrlkn  ftnoa- 
nulli  ab  iis  qui  in  ventrieulo  &  intefiinis  Aint  obfervatiiib 
eodem  pulvcre  lapideo  cum  faliva  deglutito. 

Obf,  2.  Plures  quam  heic  enumeravimusi  darl  CMtaJor  mim^ 
liuMf  extra  dubitationis  aleam  ponendum  eviftimaBoi 
Praedpuos  folum  lodica^imuSi  quibiik,  cua  ecmpore,  pir 
res  aodi  pofiunt 


IN- 


Digitized  by 


Google 


INDEX 

RERVM   ET  VERBORVM 

TOMI     SECVNDI 

Syjl  em^t  i  s     Mi  uer  a  logi  c  i. 


378 

4 
9 


A. 

-tacanthiodontcs 
Acetabula  £chinorufQ 
Achates  Islandicus 

—  Phythomorphus 

—  ZoQiTiorphus 

—  Allrogidcs 
Aciculs  lapideae 
Acida  niineralia 
< —     non  idcndca 
Acidoriini  falium  origo 
Acidum  nduriaticum 

—  an  ab  acido  Vitriolico 

Aeidum  Nitri  n 

—  npn  ab  acldo  Vitrioli- 

CO  l^ 

Acidum  Phosphorefccns      lo 
Acidum  Vitrioli  ^ 

—  aquis  mincralibus  in- 

6 

ibid. 

f6 

402 

379-  441 
491 

116 


hserens  undo 
Acropora 
—     ceipitofa 
Adarce 
Agallocbltef 
Agaricus  mineralis 
Alatitas 
Alchemia  Sucbini 


Alcyonium  4^8.  439 

—  MilcfiuralMPERATi  471 

—  tuberofum  aj^\ 

—  vermiculare  471 
Alkali  acidulare  6% 

—  uiinerale  g^ 

—  volatile  6g 
Alum^  a  I 

—  undc  praeparari  poteft  ^g 
•—  nativum  ^ 
Alumen  Roccsb                   ^% 

—  Romanum  '  ibid. 
Aluminis  minera  Calcarea 

34- 

—  —    fchiftofli 

•^        —     terrcftris 

—  -^    turfacea 
Aluminis  Terra  qualis 
Alveoli  47I•47^474 
•—    conncxi  474 
Ambra  iig 

—  citrina  log 

—  grifea  iig 

—  uaicolor  ir^ 
AmbriB  origo  J20 
Amianthus  G&IGHOH  qua* 
li<  a68 
Ammonitae  477 
—     fiaai  48 1 


3f 
35 
34 

^9 


S  s 


Afl|* 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Ammonlts  Isvet 

478 

-T-    ftriati 

479 

—    tuberculoid 

480 

Amoiteos 

38X 

Ampfaibiolitht 

547 

—  Dcntis  fquali  5*^4 

—  Lacertae  5*48 

—  RansB  547 
.^         Scrpentis  549 

—  Telludinis  547 
AraphibiotypoJithiv.  Ty- 

polithi 

Amygdaloides  405 

AnomiK  497 

—  craniolares  foo 

—  Hylieritee  5a  j 
Antimonii  indoles  &  com- 

pofitio*  201 

—  minera  color ata  159 
— ^  minera  cryftallifata  1^8 
, —     plumola  197 

—  folida  198 

—  ftriata  156 
Antimonii  Regulus  aoO 
; —  arfenico  caret  202 
Antimonium  194 

—  —     cmdum  199 

—  —  nativum  ip5 
Antfacodcndron  416 
Antropoglyphi  f99, 6co 
Antropolithi  ^73 
^ —  —  oflium  579 
Antropolithi  miaerallfati  ^gl 
— -    —     cuprci  ^83 

—  —    ferrci  ibid. 

—  —  vitriolici  .  fbi 
Antropomorpbi  ^91 


Aparine  Corallina  44} 

Aphronitrum  ^ 

Apum  CelluIaB  petrificats  ^^ 
Aquilini  lapides  ^U 

Arachncolithi  430. 4^2.  ^^c 
Araneee  icones  430.  aiji 

Arenea;  petrificatas  y^j 

Arena  conchacea  ^it 

—  tcrrea  ^^^ 

—  ftannea  j^ 
Arg«nti  minera  alba       324 

—  — •     arenaria  345 

—  — •     arfenicalif         j^ 

—  —     cornea  j}! 

—  —     figurata  34 

—  —  loliaeea  34^ 
"    —    grjTea  33* 

—  —  liepadca  ^ 
' —    — '    lapidea              34: 

—  — -     lapidea  ilerco. 

ris  anferini   34 j.  34{ 

—  —     moIJior  34^ 

—  —     nigra  33? 

—  —     plomofi  33J 

—  —     pyriticofa         341 

—  —  rubra  33J 
Argenti  minera  vitrca  32? 
' —  -^  zincola  ^41 
Argenti  indoles  Sc  conipo- 

ficio  3(0 

Argcntuxn  p6 

—  nitivum  jtf 
Argentum  vivum  ^  vid.  sncf- 

curius 
Armehu$  lapis  2S9 

Ar^yroplithes  Ali^rovak* 

91  4Pi 

Ai- 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Atfenici  indoWs  &  c6ropo- 

fitio  171  &c. 

-—     minera  a!l>a  155^* 

-^     —     cryftailifata  166 

—  —  einereJa  167 
•»—  —  flavefcens  168 
Arfeuicum  1^7 
-*—  bitumirofum  161 
— *  citrin»im  164 
-^  Sativum  album  160 
*—  -^  nigrum  i5i 
t—  nigrum  165 
h^  teicactum  i6a 
ArtoHthi  60f 
Arphaltum  93 
Afluaj  flO 
Aftacolithi ,  feu  Aftaci  pc- 

trificati    •  ^40 

Aftacopodiunn  Sj\i 

Aftcriac  4^7 

—  coluranarcs  45^.  4)8. 

Aftroit«,  419 

• —     favaginofi  43O 

--—     pervii  raraofi  425^ 

«^j     fpurii  590 

.—      ftriati    ^  4JO 

.> —     undulati  4J2 

Aftrophiton               "  4^5 
Aftropodium  pentagonum  460 

,--.       —       ramofum  456 

Atramentarius  lapij  27 

Atramentura  Vsterum  19 
- —     fympathcticum  i^g.  18^ 

Aves  muria  conditie  .5*59 

Aures  niawnaB  laptdM  469 

Auripigaacnmai  162 


Autum  3ja 

«—    album  3^f 

—  iiativum  ^^^ 
-—  folutum  3^7 
Aurum  feftum  Billoa  363 

—  —     corncum  ibid. 
_3     coronal©  ibid. 

-*•         —    obrvzura  36a 

-J         —     Piftolct  ibid. 

Aurum  fopbifticum  225 

Azutiioi  a89 


B^ 


Bacillus 

54t 

Balanits 

jodi 

Balenoftea 

S^4 

Bafis  Petacrini 

460 

Belemuitfis 

447 

—     coracini 

44? 

^*—     clearini 

ibid. 

Bellaria  hpidea 

38S 

Bczoar  foffilc 

607 

Bfzoardici  lapidel 

634 

Bezoar  Cervi 

<3? 

•^  •  Elephantum 

6^8 

— •     Simiaruiti 

ibid. 

Bidentulal 

yri 

Billon 

36J 

Bitomina 

89 

bitumen  Judatcum 

n 

Bifmucum  vid»  WiAmtlium. 

Borax  8^ 

Borsch  ,    8f 

Borfyciteg  f9J 

Bronti«  S^^? 

s  s  a  B^ 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


6i6  fH  C  •  )  ^ 

Obf  Patjiiki  to  ErK  Lu/lg.  P,  IL  p^  17^.  contcndit  fcrpca- 
tes  a  cervis  devoratos,  in  ventricoloeoruadcmia  lapideai 
mutarLi  cfr«  Sachsii  gujm^roK  p*  179*  Fidea  flt  pei-  sau* 
dorem^ 

18.  CAl^CULl  ANIMAUUM  ^enem  /uilU.     Cau 
cvu  suiLti^  Spec  66l 

SuCth.    SwiNSTENARt 

Gail.  Bbsoa&d  ou  Pierrs.  pm  cochoks^ 
Gerou  Schwewsteine^ 

Ab  his  diQuntur  abfcrvati^ 

(a)  Galc^h  s van  de  ventricuh. 

(b)  Calculi  suilli  dc  vefkula  fiHea. 

Sunt  colore  flaycfccnw  Ycl  flavo  viridefccnte. 
(c>  Calcuh  SUILLI  de  roftra  fuum^ 

Hi  focfan  funt;  hpidesmiaorc^  vi  qua44m  intrud 
(d>  Calculi  suilli  de  apris. 

Ex  Aprit  Indicts  funt  frcqucntiorcs^   eft,    Daviia 
Cat,  T.  L  p.  T04.  Nro.  If.  ig. 

1^.  CALCULI  ANIMALIUM  byftritum.  I^apides  ht- 

STRYCINI«  Spec.  661* 

Lapides  malMCcenJis^ 

Lapides  porcini. 

Piedra  del  porca.    f  ortugallorum. 

Suech.  .PlGCSWINSSTENAR. 

Gall.  Besoard  db  porc  epic 
Germ.  Stachelschweinsteine^ 
Sunt  lapides  extrinfece  inolliores,,pit^iiei5  (apomb 
ififiar,  ftru&upi  cruftac«a.»  fapore  amaro  bUiofot  a  bile 
coagulgUf  cum  tempore,   extrfofece  indurercence  oc^ 
nem  trahentes;  in  animalibus  erinaceis  feu  bifiricibus. 
(a)  LaPioes  HnTRiciKi  de  ventriado^ 
SoleiK  tie  colore  gofto  ?el  ii%fefi:dite» 

(b) 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


(b)  Lapides  KTSTRiciNi  Je  vefictda  fiOea^ 

Sane  vlridefcentes  vel  flavefcences  >  extrinfece  iaatqtOi* 
biles,  lives. 

fibf.  Hi  lapidf s  magno  dicuntur  efle  in  pretio,  praeciDue  in  HoU 
Jamiid.  Soi vitur  moneta  aurea,  Duiat^  poflcflbri  bujqs  lapi* 
dis,  fi  modo  ejusdcm  ufus  pro  amuleto  per  24.  boras  permitta- 
tur.  V.  D£  BoMAHE  in  Min.  T.  IL  p.  224*  rcfcrt  fe  apud 
Judaim  ^mfielodami  vidifTc  hujusmodi  Upidem  byfiricinum^ovi 
magnitudine,  pro  quo,  fi  renderetur »  poftefTor  requirlt 
V  3000.  florenos. 

ao.  CALCULI  ANIMALIUM,    caftorm.      Lapides 
CASTOREi.  Spec.  653. 

Sucth^  BXfwerstenar^  . 
GalL  Besoards  ou  Pi£RR£$  D£  castors. 
Gerixu  Bibersteine- 
Sacculo  rcperiuntur  inclufi  cruftsa^i  ^  nonnullisdi' 
cuntur  in  horum  animaiium  inj^uinibus  prope  tefticulos  re* 
perin\  cfr.  Geoffrqt  in  Au.  Par^f.  L712.  p*  106.  d 
207.  <. 

ai.  CALCULI  ANIMALIUM,  equorum.  Hippolithi. 

Spec.  064. 

Sueth.    HXSTSTEKAR* 

Gall.    HiPPOLlTHES  ou  BeSOARDS  D£  CHfiVAUX* 

Germ.  Pferdesteine. 

Dicuntur  obfervad. 

(a)  Hippolithi  de  ventrictdo. 
Sunt  bezoardica  ftrud^ura,  cruftacci. 

(b)  Hippolithi  ik  vtficida  ffUta. 

Sunt  calculi  biliofi,  cruftacei,  amari,  Isves. 
CO  HxFPOLiTHt  di  vifica  urinaria, 
Terreftres^  inaequabiles »  graves.. 

aa.  CALCULI  ANIMALIUM  ,  afinorum.      Calculi 
ASiNiNi.  Spec.  66$. 

Sueth.    XsNE8T£NAR« 

GalU  Besoards  drs  anis. 

Germ.  Esilsteinr.  Ad 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


€%9  |l*Co)^ 

Ad  Tvam  lodotetn  nihil  ab  HippoUchii  difcrep^it 
(a)  Calcuii  asinini  de  oncigris.  .         . 

Sunt  colore  albo  vcl  flavcfccntc »  bilioli,  cfuftacei,  li- 
ves^ toagnicudinediverfa,  plerumque  o vales, 
(bj  Chtcxju  h%ivivt'de  muUs^    Bezoar  mulimum* 
Sunt  eciam  cruftacti,  in  veittriculo  vcl  inccfiiots: 

aj.  CALClJLt  ANIMALIUM  rbinocerotis.     Calcuii 

Suctlu  StENAR  AP  kHlNOCEAdTEI* 

Gail.  JJesoard^  ii£  RHiNbCERbs. 
Germ.  Steine  vom  rhinoceros. 

Hos  dcfcribit  Davila  Catdi  T.  J.  p.  fo<.  Nro.  u 
forma  ovali  eomprtfe,  fupCfficic  iriaequabill^  tubcrculofi. 

04^  CALCULI  ANiMALItJMi  eUpb^tum,      BBtoAi 

ELEPHAKTlNUKi  SpcC  667^ 

SuCth.    fiXENAR    AF     tlE>HAl»TEki        ELEPHANTStl- 

MaR 
GalL  BeSOARDS  eU  PiERRES  D'ELSPHAMf. 

Germ4  Elephantei^steine.. 

Sunt  forma  ovali  compreflfa,  cruftacd»  coldre  fofc^ 
tut  putpUreOn  ffa^ikSf  ii%sardicis  laftdikta  iNro*  li.) 
defcriptis,  utplurimum  fimiles. 

aj.  CALCULI  ANlMALltJAt ,  fimarum.    Brzoar  «£• 
miarum;  Spec,  6^ 

Sueth-   APINlESfEKAi. 

GalL  Besoaros  ov  PiFRkss  lite  StNtitf. 

Germ,  fiivi^sruivt^ 

Reperiuntur  in  inteftkiis  fimiamm,  globalares»  auSi^ 
Cei»  ut  optimi  bezoardict  lopides  confiderari  folent. 

Ohf,  Hid  lapis  h^OArdkmf  Jhisfm^  dIdttirwiRimoefle  inpit- 
tlo,  atque  pro  eodeiH  uhra  1606  Imperiales  Iblvi ;  huic  pio^ 
ximum  In  prctio  oceupat  locum  Ispir  bijlrteimu  C  Nro.  19.) 
fiuem  ftibfcquitur  Upis  hiOMriiemt  orUmUUi  C  A*ro,  i&  !•) 
RcUqua  in  mcdMU  ufitad  TilteKi  fliat  ptcdo. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


16.  CALCULI  ANIMALIUM  crinihs  vil fitris  coogmen^ 
tati.  i^GAGROPiL^.  Spec.  669% 

Vila  dumarum. 

Tophi  juvencarum^ 

Calculus  gaflricus  intus  filefus.  v^Link6  if 6.  5* 

Sucth.  Tyre. 

Gall.  EcAGRoPiLES  ou  Besoards  be  poiu 

Germ.  Balle. 

Sunt  forma  plcrumquc  ftlobofa  aut  ovali ,  raro  cyliii- 
drica ,  cxtrinlccc  vcftiti  crufta  nitcntc ,  fufca ,  intrinfccc 
fills  aut  criiiibtts  coagmcQUcis  compofici ,  in  ventriculo 
auc  incf ftinis  animaiium  ^  obviu 

(a)  JEGKGViOvitJE  ctinii^s  vompojtti. 

Ori^inem  habent  a  crinibus ,  quos,  fe  filmbendo,  ini- 
malia  a  cute  feparant,  deinde  deglutiunt,  poftoiodum 
iQ  ventriculo  coagmentantur  forma  globofa» 

(b)  iEGAGROPiL^  fihis  vegBtalnliufi  fompofi^. 

Repcrluutur  in  rupicapris « &  originem  habent  a  ^bris 
vegetabilium  indigeftis  &  coagmentatis. 

Ohf*  Omnekhireccnfitilapidesiti  qUddtupedilms  repcrti^  diVer* 
fa  omnino  exiftunt  natura.  Qui  in  tientriculo  V  intejlim^ 
occurrunt,  aliqutndo  funt  l^tpides  minndes  cafti  devorati; 
aliquando  a  fticcis  vel  fibris  vegetit^ium  indigeftis  &eo* 
agmenutis  fuaa  habent  originem;  aiiouaado  eadun  cxiftunt 
indole  turn  iia  lapidibus  qui  in  ^efieuUjdka  generantur  a  bilo 
coagutataft  indurata,qualet  biliofi  lapides  colore  ftint  fla- 
vercente vel  viridereente  &  Chocelita  vociri  (blent.  Qui 
in  i;iVx  urindfiis  reperiuntur,  Amt  griTei,  albercentes,  terre-^ 
ftrei,  a  mucagine  &  fkraoipitata  maiciit  terreftri  ftjam  tra« 
hentea  originem* 

a7.  CALCULI  HUMANt  SpCC.  6fO. 

Sucth.  Mehnisko-stenaIi* 

Gall   PlERJlES  HUMAINES. 

Germ.  Menschemsteime* 

Gc 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


«W(0)Kf 

Generantur  calculi  fereubivis  iacorporchumanpmor- 
bofo^  inpdmi»  vero  funt  obfervati. 
(z)  Calculi  human i  in  veficula  urinariM. 

(b)  Calculi  hum  an  i  in  renibus. 

(c)  Calculi  human i  in  veficula  fellea. 

Ohf.  I.  Nominatllwidesruntfrequentiores,praetereaverofliflt 
obrervati  imo.  In  pulmanibur  inprimis  in  ttAcbda.  2do.  lo 
hepate^  3Cio.  in  ventriculo.  4to.  In  intefiinis.  j^to.  m  vafisfiah 
guifsfis  a  polybis  induratis.  6to.  in  gUndidts  inprimis  y«ih 
italibuf^  a  faliva  (lagnante  &indurata;  7mo*  in  pAnctctte^ 
8V0.  in  urero^  gno*  in  cdpite.  lomo Jn  ocu/fV.  iimo.iB 
tumorihus  faccatis.     i2mo»  in  cancretionibus  cMoJis  &c. 

Sunt  vero  lii  omnea  lapides  diverfa  indole}  plurimi^  mri^ 
fie  J  velaliis  liquoribur  carpms  temdif/ eztravaCitif  ftioduratis 
fuam  habent  originem,  unde  in  igne  yolatilea  cxiftuot; 
NonnulU  generantur  a  Uk  crafla,  in  ^eJicuU  felka  vcl  ft^ 
ftagnata  &  indurata;  alii  a  trMpitstis  pattictdis  tene/trmt^ 
cum  alimentis  vel  potulentis ,  in  corpua  humanum  ,  fe^ 
ma  terreftri  vd  foluta  ingeffiSy  qualea  forflin  Uli,  qui  in  ven* 
trieulo  &  inteftinia  reperiuntur,  nee  non  caleuli  renales  & 
vefics;  alii  a  fuhere  lapideo  per  ini^irationem  attrafto  ab 
lis  qui  in  lapiciibua  esdendia  ftint  occupati,  quales  illi  Aiot 
qui  in  pulmonibua  vel  traehi^  reperiuntur « fer(kQ  ftnon- 
nulli  ab  iia  qui  in  ventriado  &  inteftims  ftint  G4>fervati  #  lb 
eodem  pulvere  lapideo  cum  faliva  deglutito. 

Obf,  2.  Plures  quam  heic  enumeravimusi  dari  caktJos  amm^ 
lium^  extra  dubitationii  aleam  ponendum  cxiftimaaiufl. 
Prsdpuos  folum  iodicavimuSi  quibul,  cum  tempore,  plo* 
res  aodi  pcffijnt 


IN- 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


INDEX 

RERVM   ET   VERBORVM 

TOMI     SECVNDI 
Syft  e?natis     Mhicra  logic  i. 


xmcanthiodontes 
Acetabula  fichinorum 
Achates  Islandicus 

—  Phythomorphus 

—  Zooraorphus 
— ^        Allrogidcs 
Aciculs  lapides 
Acida  mineralia 
« —     Don  idcntica 
Acidomm  falium  origo 
Aciduia  itiuriaticum 

—  an  ab  acido  Vitriolico 

Acidura  Nitri  7 

—  npn  ab  acido  VitrioH- 

CO  l^ 

Acidura  Phosphorefcens      10 
Acidura  Vitrioli  ^ 

—  aqois  mineralibus  iji- 


y?4 
373 

4 

13 
9 


hasrens  undc 
Acropora 
-—    cefpitofa 
Adarce 
Agallocbltof 
Aparicus  mineralis 
Alatitft 
Alchemia  Sucbini 


6 

ibid. 

^6 

402 

379-441 
491 

116 


Alcyonium  4^3,  43^ 

—  MilcfiuralMPERATi  471 

—  tuberofum  441 

—  vermiculare  471 
Alkali  acidulare  6x 

—  uiinerale  gj 

—  volatile  6g 
Alumfn  ai 

—  unde  pr«parari  poteft  ^g 

—  nativum  oa 
Aluraen  Rocc®                    ^\ 

—  Romanura  *  ibid. 
Aluminis  minera  Calcarea 

34* 

—  —    fchiftofli 

—  —     terrcftris 
~        —    turfacca 
Aluminis  Terra  qualis 
Alveoli 
—•    connczi 
Ambra 

—  citrina 

—  grifca 

—  unicolor 
Arabras  origo 
Amianthus  G&IGHOK  quft. 

Aniraonitas  477 

—     firaSi  48 1 


3f 
35 
34 

n 

39 

471- 47^- 474 
474 

log 

"8 
119 

120 


S  s 


K^ 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Ammomt*  I«vc8  '478 

^    ftriati  479 

—    tubcrculofi  480 

Atnofteos  38^^ 

Amphibiolithi  ^47 


—  Dcntis  fquali  5"? 4 
_         LacertsB  548 

—  Ran®  547 
_.  Serpentis  549 
^  Teiludinis  547 
Amphibiotypolithiv.  Ty- 

polithi 
Amygdaloides  4^^ 

Anomiae  497 

—  craniolarcs  500 

—  Hyfterit6B  5^i 
Antimonii  indoles  &    com- 

poiitio.  CIOI 

-^  mincra  color ata  199 
— ^  mincra  cryftallifata  198 
r^     plumola  197 

^     folida  198 

—  ftriata  19^ 
Antimonii  Rcgulos  aoO 
*—  arfenico  caret  20a 
Antiraonium  I94 

—    crndum  159 

—    nativum  196 

Antfacodendron  416 

Antropoglyphi  S99*  <Sco 

Antropolithi  578 

: —    —     offium  ^    579 

Antropolithi  raiacrali(ati  ^ya 
-7-    —     cuprci  583 

—     —    ferrci  ibid» 

^'     —     vitrioUci  .         fba 

Antropomorphi  591 


Aparine  Corallina  4^ 

Aphronitrum  ^  64 

Apum  Cellulas  petrificats  ^4^ 
Aquilini  lapides  614 

Arachncolithi    430.  462.  545 
Araneae  icones  430.  454 

ArenecB  petrificat»  5*4^ 

Arena  conchacea  ^33 

—  terrea  aff 

—  ftannca  ytt 
Argenti   minora  alba        334 

—  —     arcnaria  34J 

—  — .  arfenicalis  J40 
— .     —     cornea  3JI 

—  -^  figurata  348 
-^  — •  loliaeca  34S 
"    —     griTea  3J? 

—  —    licpatica  338 

—  —     lapidea  342 

—  —     lapidea  ilcrco- 
ris  anferiiii   34^.  34<( 

—  —     molJior  34^ 

—  ~     nigra  33? 

—  —     plomofa  33> 

—  —  pyriticofa  34! 
•—  —  rubra  333 
Argenti  minera  vitrea  319 
* —  —  zincofa  341 
Argenti  indoles  &  coropo- 

fitio  3iO 

Argentuxn  J^ 

—  nitivum  318 
Argentum  vivum  ,  vid.  ©«• 

curius 


Armenu^  lapis  089 

Arjyroplithea  AlbujOVAK- 
Bi  40J 

At- 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Atfenici  indotds  &  cdropo- 

fitio  171  &c. 

w—     minera  a!b«  16^' 

^     _^     oryftalllfata  166 

•^^     —     einerea  167 

-^    —     flavefcens  158 

Arfeuiccm  if  7 

-*—         bicurtliiiofum  161 

--*         citriri'iin  164 

*-         hativtim  album  160 

*—        *-^         nigrum  i5i 

61^         ruburum  l6j 

fe^        teicactum  i6a 

Artolithi  60^ 

Afphaltum  93 

Aflu«  flO 


Aftacolithi ,  feu  Aftaci  pc 


trificati 
Aftiicopodium. 
Afterias 
•--*     columnarcs  45  f. 


^40 

f4i 

4^7 

4f8. 

4f9 
419 
430 

S90 

4J2 

4ftf 


Aftroit^, 

« —     favaginofi 

*-—     pervii  raraofi 

fc-5     fpurii 

^—     ftriati 

J —     undulati 

Aftrophiton 

Ailropodium  pentagonum  460 

«--^'     —       ramofum       456 

Witramentarius  lapis  jt/ 

Atramentum  Veterum  19 

i —     lympatheticum  i6S.  1 8« 

Aves  muria  conditflB         ,^69 

Aure^  raaMTiaB  lapidM      469 

Auripigmcntuoi  162 


Aurum  jya 

—  album  3^f 
-—  nativum  tj^^ 
-^  folutum  'g^7 
Autum  faQum  Billon  363 

—  —     corncum  ibid. 

—  .-J     coronale  ibid. 

—  —  obryzura  36a 
-J  *—  Piftolct  ibid. 
Aurum  fophifticum  225 
Azutuai  a89 


Bacillus  541 

BalanitsB  ^06 

Balcnoftea  ^^4 

Bafis  Petacrini  460 

Belemnicfls  447 

—  coracini  449 
^— •  clearini  fbid. 
Bellaria  lapidea  3gg 
Bezuar  foffile  60? 
Bfzoardici  lapidei  634 
Bezoar  Ccrvi  63^ 
-^  •  Elephantum  6^8 

—  Simiaruiti  ibid^ 
Bidentulafe  ^ri 
Billon  36^ 
Bitumina  89 
3itumen  Judatcum  93 
Bifmutuiii  vid,  Wifinuthum. 
Borax  $% 
Borich  ,  8f 
Borfycitei  f^j 
Bronti«  s<^7 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Bucardits  ^04 
l^ucardits  AGEICOLJB      5*23 

i^uccinits  •  488 

Buglofli  (Joj 

BufonitaB  ^07.  557 

—  orbiculati  ffg 

—  fcaphoides  ibid. 
Bulithi  633 
Bullas  lapides  402 


c 

Cad  it  as 

Cadmia  bitumlnofa 
-r-/  fornacMm 
-^     lapidofa 
T-     Vitri  caerulei 


455 
161 
224 

173 


Calcareus  aluminaris  albus  34 
— T-  —  —  —  nigcr  3^ 
Caljpareus  teftaceus  53f 

Calcopyritjs  aSl 

—  —  Ichthyolithi  5(Ja 
(?glfuli  6^3 
-r-  Afinomin  4^37 
-r-  Bellugse  pifcii  630 
-^  Bovini  "  ,  633 
-r^  Cancrorum  6^f 
T^  Caprarutn  vid.  Bfizoar 
„-*  Ctftorci  ^37 
w^  Citnicis  6^8 
-^     Concharum              626 

—  Ccnrorum  vid.  £#zoar. 
t—     Cobrse  618 
-rr     Draconis  volantis     62$ 
TT     Elephancum    vid. 

Bczoar^ 


Calculi  Equorum  637 

—  (iallorum  631 
-—    Hirundiaum              632 

—  Huraani  639 

—  Hyftricura  636 

—  Igvana  fiij 

—  Liinaculii  627 

—  Motacillanim  631 
—^     Pinguinutn  ^33 

—  Rhinocerotis  iSjg 
--^    Simiarum  vkl.  BezoaK 

—  Suilli  63« 

—  Teftudinum  15  jo 
.-«  Vegetabilium  ;Si4 
^r-  Vulturii  633 
Callimus  6lS 
Calx  C^balii  igt 

—  nativa  379 

—  fohibilis  fquamoik  5j4 
Calyces  Corallini  435 
Canalithi  469 
Cancer  lapideus  540 
Cancritae  vid.  Aftaeolithi 
Caput  mcdulas  452.  4f  3. 4f 6 
CarapantinsB  5(7 
Carbo  foiiilis  ^g 
Carbones  lignofi  foiSles  420 
Carcinopodium  541 
CardioIitM  504 
Cardite  600 
Cajrdifiae-  ^91 
Caricoides  439 
CirinuIaB  56$ 
Carp^litbi  40^.  604 
CaryophiUits  4M 
Oaryopl^ilus  lapideus      46I 

—  —    mariaus  fuiSlif  439 

Cafli- 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Ctflides  50S 

Cellule  Apum  petrificaUe  545 
Cclonits  630 

Cenchrices  384 

Cephalita^  600 

Ccrachatcs  Plinu  593 

Ccratit«  4^6.  ^93-  605 

Ccratoides  477 

9^rauiiias  130,  609 

^erauni»  lapidcr  447 

C^eycbiitcs  4J2 

CeruiTa  nativa  313 

Ccrvi  porices  427 

phalaxiae  ^0/ 

Chalcicis  Plinii  28 

Clialyb§^  I67 

— ',    quomodo  ii  fcrrodif- 

fert  '    a69 

Chamita)  50X 

Cnamse  cordiforraes         5Q4 
— T     foraminibui     tribus 

percufs  500 

Chclidonii  lapides  ^^g 

Ch^IinUaj  vel  Chclonitas    <f  f  7^ 
Chiritas  00  j 

Chleritcs  40a 

Chloritae  632 

Chorolithi  594 

Chryfamnioitcs  557 

ChryfocoUa   AcaicOLiE 

—  vera  cuprea  2g9 
Cidares  ^07 
CiHcres  Vulcanorunt  375 
Cinnabaris  I  ^  o 

—  aurifcrt  3<^5 
Claviculfli  f7Z 

S  5 


Cobaiti  flores  f  g^ 

—  —     minera  cinereai77 

—  —     cryliallifata        179 

—  —  fcoriasformis  igo 
■-*    —    fulphuica  i7g 

—  -7-     teflularis  176 

—  —  ochra  184. 
Cobaltrn                 j^r*   173 

—  fcmiinctalluia  18^ 

—  fpeculare  i6i 

—  teftateum  i6z 
Cochleas  lunarea  43^ 
^— '     ore  depreflb             497 

—  fcrailunarcs  435 

—  fphserics  49a 

—  terrcftres  vulgares     48  f 

—  valvatee  486 
Cochlitc  ^  468*  48< 
— *  Ecfainophfti  48$ 
Colitas  601 
Coluinelli  43^$^ 
Celuinnelli  4^4 
Cometitas  430 
Conchas  anatiferas             ^ o5 

—  anomiaB  497^499 
Copchitl  593 
— -  trilobi  ftriati  538 
Conchylia  abrafa  5^33 
1 —  bivalvia  ^g^ 
-^  calcjiiata  f  ji 
Conchylia  complioata      f34 

—  deftruda  f)% 
— '.    diftorta                     535 

—  crofa  ^3% 
^  foflilia  466.  S19 
— •    immutata                  Sl^ 

—  riiulfiVUvit  506 
3                                     0>B 


Digitized  by 


Google 


Conchylia  pctrificatia         467 
r—     pulvtiilata  533 

r-r     uBivalvia  468 

Cpnchylia  tnmcralifata      f  15 
n—     aluminofsi  5^^ 

---    cup:ca  093-  5^9 

— .     le;rea  ^63.  fl8 

-—     pyiitacea  X-jf.  flfi 

Conchylioruiin  Nuclei.  vid» 

Nuclei. 
Conchyliotypolitbivid.  Ty-i 

polici* 
Concrcta  37^ 

Condi  tiki  avcs.  f69 

Coni<;hthyodonte&  f0 

Conuli  51a 

Copal  1 10 

Cor^Us^  *42i 

~     gcnicutetifc  434 

«-.     fafciac^  43^ 

-■—    liuulofa  41  f 

^^    ftiiulofo  iqtus;  cancel- 

lata  429 

«—  foflilia  t>oUcofa  414 
T-'     lap*.dea    feu,    petrifi- 

caca  423 

•p—     latcruUia  4^9 

•— .    ramofa  424 

•-^    liellata  42^ 

Caialla  nuAerallfata  444 

•^  r-:  ferrMginca  ^^3.44^ 
w-  ~  pyritacea  135  445 
Corallina  fxucicofa  443 

f-^     reticularis  433 

CoralUtlu  undulati  431 

Corallofungitss  438 

CoxalluiypoliUii  vid.  Ty- 
folithi. 


Corda  marina  ^o| 

Cornu  Ammonuu  vid«  Am- 

monltas 
Corpora   humana   petrifi- 

cata.  vid«  aotrQf  olithi. 
Corylites  40I 

Crapaudine^  5r7 

Crepitus  Lupi  443 

Cretai  ftuida  38O 

—     tophacea  -J79 

Crifta  galli  49f 

CiQcodili  fceletoQ  pctrif.  54! 
Ctcnita2         ^  fOf 

Cucullitffl  49<> 

Cucuraprinas  51 J 

Culoi  lapidejl  $il 

Cunolithi  ^  45* 

Cupri  flos  2lt 

Cupri  minera  alba  2^ 

T—    —     apenaria  ^94 

—  -^  argillacea  ibii 
•r—    —    carbonaria       287 

—  —  figurata  291 
^  .^  flaya  28» 
. —  •-.  fufca  28( 
T-  — r  grifea  277.  l8i 
4-,    -—     hcpatica  576.  ^85 

—  —  pbl'giftica  i8f 
— -     —     picea  280 

—  «^  febiftora  291 
-^     —     fubflava  284 

—  —  virivefcen^  2S3 
■^ —    —     viridis    plu- 

inoCa  2S8 

—  — '     vitrea    ru- 

bra        27«.  rj7 
Cupri  ochra  casrulea        2^;^ 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Cupri  ochra  nigra  191 

r—      —      rubra  ajo 

—  -r  viridU  a86 
Cupri  partes  comiitutivK  297 
Cuprum  ■  271 

Cuprum  calciforme  aui- 

malia  ingidTum    fy^ 
t—     lazuieu'.n  0,76 

•r—  U^urcum  fulvurn  277 
•r—  lazuteuui  grifcum  ibid. 
T—     nadvum  274 

-—     prascipicatum  ^7$; 

•^—     vitrcura  277 

Cuprum  Nicoli  igj 

Cylindritq^  49I 

CymatitsB^  .  '4JI 

Cylteolithus  Plihv  382 

C«ruleura  Serojinenfc  na- 

tivum  .  2$0 

Casruleum  moacanum        239 


PaQyli  Idaji 

447 

Paftylithi 

502 

Paj^hnites 

402 

Pcndrachatw. 

^9S 

Itsndritas 

f53-  i9f 

Pendroides 

f?3 

pcndrolithi. 

401 

Dens  Carcariae 

.5;? 

-f—    pifcis  recurvus        ibid, 
r—    —    falcatus  &  fcr^ 

ratus  i^$ 

Dentalithi  4^9.  470 

piorcbites^  I30 

Piphyilip  123 


Doliola 

4?f 

Draconite 

419 

Dracontiee 

4^9*  ;a7 

Drura  marcfaafitiea 

133 

Dryites 

402 

E. 

Ebur  fo0ile 

573 

Echini  tse 

SO? 

—     Briflitae 

f09 

—     conoidet 

S°7 

—     cluniculares 

f08 

—     globularcr 

fo9 

— •    natiformei 

fOg 

Echinanthi 

508 

Echinometrits 

507 

^cjjinophoiites 

486 

Elatites 

40* 

EleQricaiQateria  infcrro  279 
^minencis  papillares  la- 

pideae  fio 

Encrlnu^  4^9 

-^     columnaris  45^ 

—  Pcntacrinus  4^9 
Enhydros  615 
Enorchidys  (Si  4 
Enoftcos  38^.  602 
Entalia  "  470 
Eiitoma  mineralifata         f 44 

—  —     ferruginci         5-4  j 

—  —  pyritacca  5144 
*-    —    fucciiio^  iuvolttta 

ibid. 
BntOfDoIit)u  f  33 

■^    iflfcaprum,  cruftacieo- 

run»  ^40 

4  Ea- 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Conchylia  pctrificatt         4^7 
r—     pulvtiilau  533 

r-r     univalvia  468 

Cprchylia  tnmcralifata      f  15 
fc_     aluminofsi  5^^ 

._    cup  ca  a93-  5^9 

—     leirea  ^63.  fl8 

-—     pyiitacea  Ijf.  flS 

ConchylioruiB)  Nuclei.  vid» 

Nuclei. 
Conchyliotypolithi  yid-  Ty-i 

polici. 
Concreta  37^ 

Condita:  aves.  f69 

Coni<;hthyodontn  f?6 

Conuli  51^ 

Copal  no 

Cor^Us^  *4^i 

—     gcnicutetifc  434 

*—     fafciata  43^ 

-■— -    liitulofa  41  f 

^~    fiilulofo  intus;  cancel- 

lata  429 

«—     foflilia  frvticofa         414 
T-'     lapj^dea    feu.    petrifi- 

caca  423 

ip—     lateruUia  4-9 

• — .    ramofa  4^4 

•—    liellata  42^ 

Caialla  mineralifata  444 

•^  .—-  fcuMgiiica  atf3.44f 
w-  ~  pyritacea  135  445 
Corallina  f-ucicofa  443 

■r—     reticularis  433 

CoralUtlu  undulati  j^i 

Corallofungitss  4^8 

CoxalluiypoliUii  vid.  Ty- 
folithi. 


Corda  marina  ^of 

Cornu  Amiuonia^  vid«  Am- 

monitas 
Corpora   humana   petrifi- 

cata.  vid«  aQtrof  oliths. 
Corylites  401 

Crapaudine^  5r7 

Crepitus  Lupi  44^ 

Creta.  Quida  3S0 

—     tophacea  -j79 

Crifta  galli  49f 

Ctocodili  rceletOQ  petrif.  548 
Ctenita2        ^  ?0f 

Cucullitae  49^ 

Cucuraprina^  51J 

Cukli  lapidcji  $il 

Cunolithi  ^  431 

Cupri  flos  2lt 

Cupri  Biincra  alba  2^ 

T—    —     apeairia  994 

—  —  argillacea  ibid* 
,—    —     carbonaria        28? 

—  —    figorata  291 

—  .^  flaya  28* 
.—  •—  fufca  28? 
^  — p  giifea  277.  2%l 
U-,    —    hcpatica  176.  28S 

—  —  pbi'giftica  igf 
— ^  —  picea  aSO 
-:-  -^  fcbiftofa  291 
.^    _     fubflava  a84 

—  —  virivefcens  185 
•»— .    -r-     viridis    plu- 

naoCa  2S8 

^-    — '     vitiea    ru- 
bra        a7«.  177 
Cupri  ochra  casrulea        ^ 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Cupri  ochra  i)lgra  291 

•?—      —      rubra  a^o 

--  -r  viridU  a86 
Cupri  partes  conititutivK  297 
Cuprum  .^7^ 

Cuprum  calciforme  aui- 

malia  in^ielTum    fj*^ 
t—     lazuieuin  276 

•r—  U^urcum  fulvum  ^77 
•r—  lazuieuiu  grifcum  ibid. 
-T—     nadvum  274 

T—     prascipicatum  a7f 

-^—     vitreura  277 

Cuprunn  Nicoli  Ig^ 

Cylindritjp  49I 

CymatitsB.  .  ^JI 

Cylteolithus  Plihv  38*2 

C«ruleura  Serojinenfc  na- 

tivum  .  a$0 

Caeruleum  moacanum        239 


PaQyli  Idaji 

447 

Paaylithi 

5pa 

Paj^hnices 

402 

Pendrachatof 

S9S 

Rendritas 

f53-  i9f 

Pendroides 

^?3 

pendrolithi. 

401 

Dens  Carcari^ 

.5;? 

-^-    pifcis  recurvus        ibid, 
T—    —    felcatus  &  fcr- 

ratus  i%i^ 

Dentalithi  4^9.  470 

piorcbites^  130 

piphyiw  |23 


Doliola  4^f 

Draconits  429 

Dracontiae  42^*  ^27 

Drufa  marcfaafitica  133 

Dryites  402 

E. 

Ebur  foiTile  573 

Echini  tac  5*07 

—  Briflitae  5*09 

—  conoldei  5*07 

—  cluniculares  fOg 

—  globularcr  5*09 

—  natiformci  fog 
Echinanthi  50S 
Echinomctrit»  507 
l^cl^inophontes  4S6 
Eladtes  402 
EleQrica  materia  inferro  279 
^minencias  papillares  la- 

pideae  fio 

Encrinu^  4^9 

•^     column  aris  455 

—  Pentacrinus  4^9 
Enhydros  615 
Enorchid^s  514 
Enoftcos  38^.  602 
Entalia  '  470 
Entoma  mineralifata  ^44 

—  —     ferruginci         5-4  j 

—  —  pyritace^i  5144 
^-    —    fucciuo^  iuvolttta 

ibid. 
BntOfDoIit)u  f  33 

-T«    infeflpruni  cruftaqeo- 

rum  f40 

4  Ea- 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


fentomoHthi  inrnoculo  afR- 

nis  inC  ^38 
Kntomotypolithi  v.Typolithi, 

kmrochits  454 

i—    cylindracci  4^<> 

—  ramoli  4^6 

—  ftcUati  4S8 
Epitonium  4^4 
ferica  mariQA  443 
Erotylon  Plinii  43^ 
krucx  petrificatsB  5^41 
Efchara  433 
Exuvis  ferpCDtis  petrifica- 

t»  47^ 

Fatcatute  5f6 

Farina  foffilis  391 

Favagitca  43^ 

Ferrea  arena  a  ^4 

—  mica  Sifz 
Fcrreae  raincraB  aridee  732 

—  —  fafibllcs  ibid, 
Ferri  minera  alba  af  i 

—  —     arcnaria  258 

—  —  carbonari  a  251 
^—  —  caerulcfccns  a^i 
t^  —  cryitallifata  ^34 
_    —     fuliginofa  238 

—  —     grifea  ^  239 
^—    —     lapidea    graviff. 

a^3 

—  —  nigT«  237 
— -    —    phlogiftict  afC 

,  wi«    *—    pififormis  ^y;^ 

^^    —    Pleiadum  240 


Ft rri  mincra  rubra  146 

—  '«—  fubaquoGi  2(f 
Ferri  indole*  &  partes  con- 

ftitutiva         ai9 
Ferri  ochra  flava  afg 

—  —  rubra  259 
— i  —  fufca  161 
Ferrura  219 

—  ab  Aniroalium  &  Vc- 

tab.  cineribus  pro- 
duftum  26$ 

-^     antiquis  notum         2;o 

—  attraQorium  23^ 
^^    ealidutn  fragile         232 

—  calidom  du3ile       ibid 

—  frigidum  fragile      ibid« 

—  fufcum  231 
-^    maUeatum                231 

—  nativonn  23; 
Ficoides  4/9 
Figurati  lapidcs  f89 
Flores  Antimonii  197 
.~    Cobald  igi 

—  Cupri  sgg 

—  Ferri  253 

—  Nickoli  151 

—  Salis  64 

—  Wifinuthi  icg 

—  Zinci  1^3 
Flos  Ferri  fpurius  388 
Flos  hexagonus  Coralloides 

461 
Formica?  petrificatiB  0f 

Fucus  gallopavonius  44I 
Fungi  Coiraloidcs  aftroidci 

429 
Fungi  glaphjrri  388 

Fun- 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ  IC 


Pungitae  434- 43^- 4^8 

—  oculati  j^ii 

—  orbiculalres  ibid. 
^-^     pileati                      '  440 

—  Patellae  iapides        440 


Grfgnardus 
G;yphitaB 
Gtihr 
Gummi  Copal 


G. 

Gagas 

Galaxias 
Galena  Cobaiti 
Galena  Plumbi 
~-    —     antimonialis 

—  —     cryrtallifata 

—  —    raineralifata 

—  —    ftriata 
Galena  Wifmuthi 
Gamroarolithi 
Gangitis  Strabonis 
Garancronius  lapis 
Gemma  Pontica  Plinii 
Gemmae  Turcicae 
Gecrdes 

Gimma 
Glandarias 
Glanditsc  Qoercini 
Gleba  6ratianopoIitana 

WORMII 

Globofits 
Globuli 

QIabuli  lapidei 
—    pyritacei 
Gloflbpetrae 
Gracirthynci 
•^    —    falcati 
Graptolitbi 


H. 


421 


Halinitrnm 

106    Haliolichi 

607    Halofachnc  Plink 

176    Hammonius  Cardaki 

302    Hammelli 

30f    Hammites  Plinii 

304    tielicitas 

310    Heliolithi 

30^    Helmintolithi 

2a3    —    teftacei 

541     Hietacitas 

106    Hippolithi 

^^    Hippuritae  Corallini 

f90    Koldftcos 

57  Y    Humus  Conchacca 
615    Hydrargyrum 

f34    —    nativum 
513    —    petrofum 
40^    Hydrargyrii  indoles  vid. 
mercurius. 

p7    Hyfterolithi 
492    Hsmatites  flavus 
507    —     micaceus 
666    —    nigrcfcenf 
119    «—    ruber 
|-^4    Hieratute 

fff 


391 
49S 

lit) 


54 
4«9 

ff 
477 
fOf 

383 

48» 
430 
44^ 
466 

59^ 
^37 
434 
381 
^34 
14^ 
148 


a47 
^48 

»44 

A9r 


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L 

Jacula  lapklca  f  20 

JqKthyodcmcs  c'4fpid>iti.    554 
~    —    fcutcllati  %S7 

Ichthyolithi  ^     55 1 

«-     bronchiawm  pifcium 

^-^     capit.  pifcium  ijbicL 

,—     caudarum  553 

it-    integri  ffa 

u—    offium  ffj 

Xcfatkyolithi  minerali&ti    ^ 6:^ 
ip-r-    —     -*-i     cuprei     ibid. 
»-^    i--    — '    pyritacci  ibid» 
Ichthyoraorphi  vid.TypoJithi. 
Ichthyofppndyli  Cf3 

Ichthyopoiithi,yid*Typalitni. 
Ichthyoperi®  558 

Incrultatum  }8o 

Indurata  374 

Juan  Blanco  36^ 

Juncus  marinua  43a 

Jupiter  ^\6 

Karabo  log 

m^    Sadomas  93 

Kedria  terrefjiris  9a 

ICeratophyta  443 

Kimaitae  vid.  Cymarita? 

l^acLunaBBctleheaiticum  38O 
]4ceiu  Crocodilas  lapidi 

uoprpffii         f48 


Lachrymae  Q^\ 

63^ 

La^num 

^---^8 

Lamiodontcs     ^^ 

S5? 

Lapis  AIe£loriuf 

631 

-*-     aqucujj 

39i 

— p     articulans 

460 

— ^    atramentarius 

^7 

—    Bezoardicus  v, 

»  Bezoar^ 

—     Calaminaris 

aitf 

— «^    Cancrorum 

^27 

-^    Caftorci 

^37 

-rf     Cauda  cj^icu 

473 

—     CerauniflB 

447 

-rr^.    Chelidonii 

fi8-635 

—     FarcirainuiiL 

615 

-rr-    figu/ati 

f99 

—    iigurati  complicad    ^34 

—    frumeDtarius 

438.  4«3 

-r-    gatantronius 

59« 

w.    geographicus 

ibii 

ir-F     Heracleus 

«5 

—     hpteromorphi 

t89 

—    Hyftricinus 

63tf 

-r-r       lUCifi 

«I3 

—    Judaicus 

Ji»-  f  •S 

-!-r    literatus 

611 

—    Lurabricatus 

4J* 

£^     Lynaris 

fOO 

-r-     Lincurii 

44? 

-r-     Malacccnfis 

«3< 

-*T-    mammillaris 

«30 

s^    Mcgaricu^ 

TH 

-^    ^lercorialis 

MJ 

—    Muficalis 

«9< 

<^    Nuccs  mofchatas  re- 

fereos, 

S^f 

-^    Quipifxaalis 

«7-4B3 

Lft- 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


pis  efffragus 

p^ntagonus 

piai 

Pluizenfis 

ruderalis 

fabulofus 


38a 
600 

5*90 
406 

98^ 


fceleton   fcrpQiitis  re 

fcrens  477 

ferpentinus    magneii- 


'—     folaris 
' —     fulcofus 
— »     Syderitca 
« —     Thracius 
-^    trochleatqs 
^-^     vaccini 
I'iricites 
I^arvae  feriiferas 
l«ava 
^ens  lapide^ 

(.ichenit^ 

l-igna  folfilia  ^ 

^^    —    bituminoik 

'—     ' —     pctriiicata 

—    —    terrca 

Lilluin  iapidcum 

Ljiuaces 

Limnitas 

Limnoftracitas 

I^ichantrai^ 

■^    ligneus  ^ 

JLithantracum  divcrfa  indc 

Us  5^ 

Litbantracum  origo  moz 

latbo  •  Bibji^  ^Q^ 


628 

4f4 
620 

106 
464 

613 

402 

377 

437-  483 

468 

594 

418*  419 

416 

402 

412 

4S9 

48^ 

f94 

49? 

98 

416 


404 
^04 


Lidio- Calami 

Litho-Cardita^ 

Lithoglyphi  4^g^ 

—  —     artifioialcs         66^ 

—  -^  mathcmatici  606 
Lithomorphi  59b.  ^99 
Lithophjrlla  ^of 
Lithophyta  42  C 
litkophyton    articulatum 

GVALTHIBRI 

Lithoftreon 
Lithoftrotion 

—  articulatum 
- —    ftellatum 
Lithotonii 
Lithoxyl^ 


Lituitae 


424 

493 
4aS 
424 
430 

401 


473 


Lixivii  Nitrufi  Examtn      49 
Lueiodomcs  ^^5 

Ludus  Helmontii  39^ 

Lumachclla  457,  y ^^ 

Lumbricorura  tcrreftrium 

petrificatio  dubia      469 
Luna  ^26 

Lufus  Naturi^ 


Lycopcrditcs 
Lyn€ucius.  , 


f«9 
440 

447 


M 


Madrcpora  ^^f 

Magncs  ^  ^^f 

—    Ejusdemvis  magnctica 

«3^ 

Magftcfia  alba  45*  71 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Malachites  287 

Mallei  lapidei  61 1 

Maltha  92 

Manchandrittt  43* 

Marchafits  13^^^  203 

i—  _  aurc€B  212. 
Marga  flijiida  AcaxcpL^ 

38c>> 
Margarits  626 

—  —  guttae.  ibid. 
Mars  229, 
Matrix  metallorum  14^ 

—  SuccijQi  HARTMA^NJ^ir^ 

416, 
Mcandritc 
w«>    hemifphasrici 
Meconites 
Med«lla  fluida 
Meianteria 
Melititcs. 
Melits 

Meloncs  montis  Gannc| 
Mcrcurii  coagulatio 
~     cbiipofitio 
V*-    coQvenientia  cum. 

fiumbo 
ib*    indoles. 
*—    minera  nigricans 
,—    miner«{  vid.  Hydrv^ 

gyrvm. 
•i^    puriiicatio  I{'2 

Mcrcurius  14^ 

—.    virgioeas  148 

Mctalla  217 

Mctallice  miztursB  diverfs 

210 

MttaUkim  campananim     324 


431 
432 

384 
380 

28 

402 
fo8 

<I8 

i?3 
151 


Metallum  Copri  ctmim    agf 

—  Principis  Robert!     %^^ 

—  Tembak  vd,  Piofchr 

bak  ibid. 


—  tormentarium  324 
Metrotypolithi  519 
Mica  ferrea  142 

—  rubra  248 
Miliepora  42$ 
MiiveroB  I 
-^.  metallorum  145 
Minium  Plinu  ifO 
Mify  Plinii  28 
Modioli  ftellati  461 
Molyhdsena  249 
Moricites  402 
Mumia  mineralis  94 
^aria  53 
MMriaticum.  acidun^  9 
Muricit»  49I 
Mufcita/  5^49 
]>IufcuU  Anomii  497 
MufculitsB  vel  Mjrtulita^  5  01 
MycctitaB  436 
Myrraecitcs  54^ 
Myrtillitasf  44^ 


N. 


Naphta 

Natron 

Nautilite 

Nemolithi 

Ncritits 

Niccolnn 


89 

£1.70 
476 
599 

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Digitized  by 


Google 


Niceolom  eonvenit  cum 

Cobako  191 

—  — '     peculiare  femi- 

metallum  19  c 

Nihil  albuift  233 

Nitri  acidum  vid.  Aciduni. 
— .     gcneratio  '57 

—  lixivium  49 

—  varietates  ibid^ 


—  tcrira 
Nitruin 

—  calcaream 

—  nativum  ^ 
ICuces  margac'eaB 


4? 
46.74 
126*  I31 


—  maris  lapideae  402 
Nuclei  Anomiarum  ^^3 

—  -^    —    Hyfterltae  ibid. 
.1—     —     —    yentricoiar^'b. 


.^-  Ammonitarum 

—  Bucardiorum 
^—  buccinorum 

—  Chamarum 
— -  Canal  ium 

—  Cochlearum 
— •  Echinorum 
— -  Globoforum 
.—  Muricum 
^  Mufculorum 
Nuclei  Neritarum 

— -  orchoceraticarum 

—  oftrearum 

fe—  ollreope£Hnitarum 
ventricoforuip 

—  PatcUarum 

—  Pedinum 

—  Pinnarui? 


521 

^34 
U9 

ibid. 

521 
50a 
yaa 

5^3 

fa4 


Nuclei  Stromborum  f  24 

u«    Tellinarum  ^24 

—  Trochorum  ^ai 
— •  Turbinum  522 
— •    Vcrmiculonftn  mari- 

norum  520 

• —    Volutarum  ^1% 

Nummuli  Brarttetiburgenfcs 

—  l^iabolici  }so% 
-^  Siin3i  Bonifacii  4^3 
Nux  Caftanea  406.  5^9 
•—    Juglandis  405 


o. 

Ochra  Cobaici  ig^ 

—  Cupri  casrulea  239 

—  —     nigra  soo 

—  ~     rubra  ^- ^- 

—  —     vindis 

—  Fcrri  flava 

—  —    fufca 
— .    —    rubra 

—  Nicoli 
-^     l^lumbi 

—  Wismuthi 

—  Zinci 
Ocoli  avium 

—  cancrorum 

—  fcrpencum 

—  taurini 
Odontopetrae 


Odontolithi  quadrupedum 


ibid. 
as6 

26I 

af9 

31* 
309 

627 

4<$8 
ff7 


f74 

Oleum 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


COI* 


OTaim  mioerale)  tindi^) 

Olivx  lapideds 

OllsB  gig;antesB 

Ombriaj 

OnifcQs  p6triiicatQ$ 

Oolithi 

*i—    avium 

OpercuUtse 

Ophiolithi 

Ophtaimits 

Orchitds 

Organmii  marinom 

Ornithogloffa 

Ornitholithi 

=—     nidorum  ' 

—  offium 
t^     ovorum 

—  plumaruiii 
Ornitholithi  ihitiefaliftti 
^-—     muria  conditi 
Ornithotypolithi  vid.  Typo 

lidii. 
Orobias 
Orthoceratitsi 
Offa  gigantuii^ 
L^     lapidea  Echindrurti 


lof 

575 
612 

f07 
538 
383 
603 

4BeJ 

549 
600 

614 

418 

5f4-  f TT 

56f 

567 

K66 

ibid. 

f«8 
569 


Qlteites  yjz. 

•Ofteocolla  '• 

Oftcolithi  aviuni 

— ;    hominis 

— ■'     quadrnprfam 

Oilracicsc  493* 

-^     aurifomes 

—  gryphoidei 

—  numisinalcj 
~     pcftinilbrmcs 


383 
471 
581 

ni 

401 

38^ 

5^7 

4n 
494 
495 

494 


Oflracltaft 
Oilrea    diluviiDa 

—  natiliforraia 
Oftfeope£linitaB 

—  angularej 

—  e<ihin'ati 
— '     imbricati 
— ^     hcunofi 
-^    plicati 

—  tnlobi 

—  ventricoA 
Ova  idarina 


A 


6tt 

49f 
495 
498 
499 
yoo 

499 

498 

499 
ibi^. 

498 
<09 


Paguri  lapidei  f  40 

Pay  3?o 

Pali  ^12 

Fanis  DiabpNcus  605 
ParsBtonium  Plinii  0 

PatellitaB  46^,  60^ 

Patrachitae  ^^7 

PeftinitfiB  ^Of 
Peaunculitai     497*  498.  ?^ 

—"         anoraii  49? 

Pcnni  Pavoi^is  ?^ 

Perdicit»  59* 

Pctrefa£hl  pyrJtacea  s^ 

-^     fpoliata  ^19 

Petrificatjl^  3j8 

a—     amphibioftim  f47 

—  avium  56f 

—  humana  57S 

—  inlcflorua  53I 

Pf 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Pctrificata  pifciuta 

^fi 

Piflnit* 

t&i 

-2^     quadhipcdum 

f70 

Pinfchebak 

a«? 

—     vcgctabiliuui 

399 

Pilaspaltuin 

93 

— ^     vermiuift 

446 

PifoHthi 

384 

Ptrfificatcrrum  diflFercntia 

Fix  montana 

■97 

584 

,  &c. 

Plaicentae 

508 

—     locus  natalis 

ibid. 

'.^    coralloideae 

■431 

•^—     origo 

fSf 

.  &c. 

Planits 

469 

Pttrolei  origo 

X04 

PlantsB  ()itrificatfle 

400 

Fetroleum 

90 

Pladna               . 

3<55 

.iju    induratUDtt 

'94 

•^    peculiare  metallutn    369 

i—     tenax 

« 

52 

Plumbigo         149. 

302.  307 

Peucites 

40a 

Plumbana  terrfc 

qil 

Phicitcs 

?84 

Plumbi  convenientia  cum~ 

Phaloidcs 

601 

Mercurio 

1^5 

Pharmacitek 

pe 

;.  P^ 

Plumbi  minera  alba 

fpa- 

Phegites 

401 

thofa 

307 

Phialites 

6o5 

-^    —     arcn»ri« 

^i» 

PhHioitcs 

-46i 

i—    -^     calcarea 

310 

Pholadit® 

506 

• —     —     nigra 

309 

Phofphoreutn  Aciddift 

10 

—    —    rubrJi 

ibid. 

Phytoglophi 

603 

-^     -^     viridis 

308 

Phytoraorphi 

S93 

Plumbi  partes  cooftkutivas 

Fhytolithi       ^ 

399 

314 

-^     floris 

^91 

Plumbum 

299 

M^    folioruin 

40f 

' —     album 

316 

—    fruauum 

465 

—    cineream 

205 

• —     plantat^ffl 

400 

— ^    nativum 

sot 

•—     radicis 

404 

■ —    nigrum 

299 

*-^     trunci 

401 

Pbfjrginglimttin    ' 

4H 

Phytotypolithi  vid< 

Typo- 

Pompholyx 

ft23 

lithi.^ 

Poccellanit* 

403 

.  TiUxxs  Neptuni 

44Q 

Pori 

3?4»  4«« 

PilsB  Damarum 

<J3S> 

i—    aquei 

379 

Pielra  de  Cobra 

6tS 

—    ign*i 

37^ 

Piedra  del  Pc^oo 

636 

Bolpit» 

Fo- 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Pmeas  cervinius 
-«-     ramofus 
Priapolithi 
Principium  falinum 
Pfeudafttoits 
Pfeudocobaltum 
pkudogaiena 
_    —     aurifera 
^    —     cryftallifaU 
..^    rubens 

PttfDCX 

PurpuritK 
Pyrisacei  globuli 


433 
4^6 

439 

590 
190 

ai8 

37? 
ant 

220 
37? 

49^ 
1^9 


Pyrites  Cupri 

—  —     hcpaticus  18^ 

—  '—  pallidc  flavus  284 
Pyritae  compofitio  14^ 
Pyromachus  Vcttrum  129 


R. 


Radices  Bryonixlapidc*  437 


Pyrites  albus     1^6,  I^f  •  167 

—  aluminaris  139 
-^    .ABglicus  13^ 

—  aquofus  133 

—  arfcnicalis  14^ 
— .  a^ri  14®*  3f^ 
fc^    cinereus  1^7 

—  conchyloides  13  f.  526 
_    eoralloides        135.  44? 

—  flavefcens,  feu  fla- 

voviridis  14O 

—  fufcus  133-  >4^ 

—  lithoxyloides  7Jf.  416 
'.^i.     martialis  fru   Fer-r 

ri  I39*  14^ 

^-    rubens  ^33 

-^    fulphureua  it^ 

— .  vitriolicus  139 

—  Zoophylloidcs  I3f 
Pyritci  Cupri  14^ 
^-.    —    flavus              282 

—  .^    flavoviridcfeottf 

a8| 


Radii  ar^lati 

Radioli 

Raftellum 

Realgar 

Uegulus  Anrimonii 

—    —        nativus 

Renes  p^itacei 

Retdpora 

Rhombits 

Rhombifci 

Ricini 

Rifigallum 

Rizolithi 

Rodit» 

RoCuls 

Rubigo  fleris 

Rubinus  fulphuris 

Rubrica 

Ryacolithi 


471 

49? 
161 
200 
196 
130 

4}3 

491 

404 

430.  4f7.  ?94 

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off> 


Safflor 

Sagitte  lapidM 


184 
5" 


Sa- 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


suit  3 

«-^  ;  acidt  /  4 

—  scida  miaeralia  1% 
•—    alkalina  vid.  AlJodi. 
6al  ammoniacum  77 

—  crullofuni  ibid. 

—  vulcanorma  78 
-^  fixum  .  .  7^ 
8^  anglicanum  7I 
Sal  commune  ^  3 
cscduum  f  5* 

—  crcUB  75 

•^  Ebshamenft  yi 

«<»  fontanum  f7 

-^  foffila  54 

— '  gomms  53 

■—  ^marinum  55 

-^"^  mirabilo  ^ 

-^  muriaticudi  53 

^•^r)ACUcrttm  70 

m^  ^  -~    aciduhM  71 

.^^    ..I.    ealcarenm  73 

-—  Bcutnim  ponm  74 

**^  PecilcttiQ  61 

*—  fedativum  84 

-r-r.faccini  1 13 

fiftlinum  jpriaciptaia  15. 16 

£alicices  402 

^midaracha  i^ 

Saacalites  40a 

Saaurnui  d49 

Cazum  abrotanoid«s  427 

Scdeton  Cervi  f7l 

^-*     CroGodili  54g 

——     Blephantis  J71 

«p—    Rhiottcaodi  f  711 

X 


ScelilR  ^f 

Schyphoidn  --  4^0 
SoolopcndrittB  434 

SconsB  perlat9  377  - 

—  vulcaoorufli  .  ^% 
Scuta  50s 
Scutelle                          ifiQe 
SiBcv^res  lapides    :           61  {- 
Scdimeotum  aq^aimflMn- 

tium  393 

Semkutalla   *  144. 

Sidecoxyloa  4^7 

Silices  Anfaaltixki  .^Sog 

..    renlformea  4601 

SiJiquaftrum  5f$' 

Siphunculi  maria  469^  471 
Smaltucu  igf 

Smkis  ^43 

Sol  3^9 

Solenira  504 

Sorjr  Ptmu  ag 

SpermoHthi  j^oS 

;^racis  after«i  4^  g 

Spondyli  49^ 

SpondyliUB  48^ 

StateQkae  calcai^di  379 

~    gypfofi  391 

—  gypfcofpathofi  39a 
StalaOites  ipatbo&a  390 
Stalaginites  agf 
ScalagmitiepapiUarft  ^01 
Staonea  areaa  32^ 
Stanai  eryftali  mineralea  J19 
-^  cryilalloTum  oiaera  390 
Stauni  miaera  iolida  311 
-«    f-ii        fpatboft        3«3i 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


StuA  minera  ftriatt 
„^    r^        vitrct  cry 
ftallifata 
Stanni  terra 
Sptnniol 
Suu^aum 
•^-T-    ciflcreum 

—  nativum 

—  fisaatnm 
SQaprolithi 
S|iq)achites 
Steliite 
-t-    criniti 

—  /multifidi 


319 

ibid. 
316 
203 
318 
iH 

38a;4^i.  604 

ibid» 


-T^ '  quinquefidi     '  ibid^ 

-^     te^a^i  -       •  ibid. 

-^    trifaai  ibid, 

liarile  nigrum  Agricol^ 

S^ibftim  vid^  Antimoniwn. 
SQria  fofliJis  •  jgfi 

SilH>^uli  abictis  pctrift  407' 
Siri^mbitc  1  488.  45^ 
Sitcfini  alchemia  116 

•^     indolcf  110 

-*  _origo  iif 

Si<0)num  lOS 

•^  :lmgru»  106 

S^ts  51a 

StiliAur  la^ 

-^  -cabaHinBiii,   /  143 

-<^' .  mixtum  '       jo,^ 

-^  n^tivum  /ubriim  ibid. 
-^  .rtibrtim  ifnti^tforMfli  itfg 
-^  .  ftillatitiuni  '  143 
•^    vividtt  123 


Salphur  vulgar^ 
Sulphuris  origo 


T. 


Tcchnogljrphi 
Techoomorplu 
Tcflinitae 
'fcrebratule 
Terra  aluminaria 

—  aluminis   . 

—  arfeaicaiia 
^-^-c^    bituminofil 

—  magnefia 
— ^    mercurialis 
— •    muriatica 

—  nitrofa 
-^    plumbaria 
-*-    fulphtma 
-~    vitriolka 
Terrificata  >tq;etabilia 

41^1 

Teffera  arfenicalia 

Tpi&ras  Badenfes 

«^   :iBicace« 

Teftudo  petrilicata 

Tedrapodolithi 

Tibulas 

Tii^a! 

Tomback 

Tonnits 

Tophi 

—    arenarii 

^v  ?  Javeacami 


143 


497 
31 
3» 

4f-yi 

.54 

4? 

314 


Ac, 

167 

^34 

40a 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


tTbfihl  polymorplii  ^94 

>-^    turblnati  396 

Tophus  Impe&ati  377 

*rrichit€s  DioscoaiDU  32 

Trigonella  ftriata  538 

yrochilithi  487 

^rochitdti  ibicf» 

TrDchitae  4J3 

.Tubcra  lapidea  441 

TubipotaB  417 

Tubularia  ibid, 

e-*    purpurea        ^  418 

Tubuli  poncamerati  47 1 

t^r  vermiculares  ibid» 
TubulitaB  417.  ^6^ 
^Turbinit*                488*  489 

Turcofa  f75' 

Typolithi  amphibio^m  ^49 

k**    lacerta^  ibid* 

—  finrpeiittim  ^^o 
Typolithi  avium  ^67 
r^  offium  ^58 
f—  plumarum  ibid. 
Tfp  olithi  Conchyliofom  f  1 4 
w*.  Ammonicarum  •  f  15 
J—*-  Anomiarum  -  516 
>i—  Aifularum  '  yi8 
'm^  Bttcardior.  517 
fr^  Buccinorum  fi6 
— -  CanaUoib  -  f  if 
»—    Chamarum  ^17 

—  Cochlearum  .^  51^ 
- —  Echinorum  518 
•^  lapidis  Jud.  ibid, 
i— •  mufculojum  517 
•—    Orthoceratitanim  5  if 


lYpoIithi .  Oftrearitm  .f  tS 

— .     Patellarum  5lf 

— •    Peftinum  513 

*— ^     Pholadum  ^18 

-— .  Pintlarum  ^  17 
^—    Radiorum  Echini      51  g 

— -     Solcnorum  517 

»-^    Stromboruni  -  ^16 

— •.   Turbinum  ibid* 

Typolithi  CorallorUfil  443 

—  Aftroitarum  444 
*-*    FuDgitarum  ibid* 

—  Pungitas  Oculati  ibid. 
Typolithi  Itife£):oruii^  5^41 

—  cruftaceor.  f^% 

—  Aftaci  ibid* 
^—    cauds  aftaci  ibid» 

—  Paguri  ibid^ 
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ferad  19S 

—  r8d  199 

—  ftraiig  is6 

—  saiat  19S 

SpitgIasFjlder*malai«  P2* 

dcr-Ertz  I97 

Sp&rftenaT)  Te  Aftrycknin- 

gar. 
Stahl  -  ftein  20 

StangengraMpea  29) 

SteUiter  45  c 

8l»* 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Stenar  a£  opinor  638' 

w^  Belluga  fiskea  630 

—  Boskap  6j3 
-—  EckeJfogel  ibid. 
-*  Elephanter  gjg 

—  Flygandc  Drakit  629 
— r  Gam  ..  633 
— i  Hjortar  6^5 
-r-  Igvana  6I9 

—  Piggfwin  '    ^36 

—  Rhinoceroth  638 

—  Skyllpaddor  630 

—  Svvin  636 

—  TragSrds  Snacko*    627 

Stea  -  afwel  623 
Sccaar  nicd  Cbacaficrer  62! 
Stcofyllningar  Ammonici^ 

$kd.  ^21 

-r^  Anomijiike  ^23 

-—  Bucardidske  524 

-^  Buccinitfske  ^22 

-—  Canalitifkc  5 19 

-7-  Chamadske  ^24 

— *  CochJitisk#  '  5^21 

-*«  Echinitiske  ^25 

•-—  Globofitiskf  {-32 

—  Mucicitiake  ibid, 

—  Mufculidskf  ^24 

—  Nciidskc  ^21 
..^  Oilracitiske  j-^^a 

—  Patellitiske  yij 

—  Pcftinitiska  ^2f 
•«r  Pinnidskc  ^24 

—  Tellinitiske  ibid. 
•—  Trochiiitisk^  jai 


—  Vermicilidsk^     12a 

—  VoJ?uli$ke  f  22 
Stengycfccl  j-gj^ 
StCBgytiringar  3*4 

—  1  eld  :  ibid. 
T*  ,  i  wattcn  37^ 
—a  gipsarciSa  3^ 
r  ^.,  kalkartigc  3(5^ 
Stenlcilar  ^^a 
Stenkahl  *^  '  eg 
Stenskarpof  33  j. 
Stenvvandlingar  ^po 
Stc^VN^ndlade  Amphibier 

— :       Grodor  ^43 

i-^        -Crocodil*  bc^ra*      .^ 

gel  ibid. 

—  Ormar  '  y^ 

—  Skyllpaddor  .       ^47 

—  Odlor  ^^g 
StcQvvandlade  Coocbylier 

467  &c. 

*—  mufsclor       ,45  j  ^c» 

— •  mXngskaligfi  Con- 

chylicr  j-qS 

—  Sn^ckor  ^53  &c 
-^  Piskar  ,  ^^y g 
~  Fiskbea .  ,^(^x 
— »  Fiskgclar  .  5^^ 
— »  Fiskhufvvudea    ibid, 

—  Fiskiljcrtar  5^3 

—  Fogbr  56ft 

—  Fogclbcn  5^7^ 
^  Fogclfjadn.        \64 

Stea- 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


SteavTiMtede  Fog^lftes 

Svvafirvdl 

l«J 

i57 

—    arttr 

8t 

— .       Fog«II^ 

y<s6 

—    gedtegct 

l»4 

^        fjrrfodato  Djur 

570 

—    Jord 

I2« 

>-~^        —        Ben 

571 

—     Kies 

ibid. 

•^        —        Horn 

f7f 

— .    rCdt 

laf 

i^        InfeSer 

538 

Swafrvel-fjra 

4 

^-        Monoeler 

539 

Svval-ftcnar 

<5J» 

•-        Skaldjur  eUer 

Svvartsyldea 

33< 

Xrafior 

540 

•<-        Maskar^  Zoophy> 

ter 

445 

T. 

■^        SjlSmiiskar 

447 

T~        Sj5ftjenior.  Kars- 

trdL 

451 

Tclliniter 

5(9 

s-        Tafvvla4e   Sj8- 

Tenn 

3U 

ftferaor 

452 

~    gcdiegct 

318 

•^        Mienntskokrop- 

Tenberg 

Ml 

|>ar 

f78 

Tenbet 

«3-a«f 

4—        Ben 

^79 

Tcumalm  ftrdlig 

itad. 

—        W&zter  oeh  Orter 

Tenfimd 

399 

Tenfpat 

ibid. 

—        Bladet 

40f 

Teitbratuliter 

497 

— -        Frucbter 

406 

Tinckal 

83 

-i-        Rot 

404 

Trochilkn 

487 

—        StjdkcllerHalm 

4«5 

Trochitcr 

4» 

k~        Tra 

401 

401 

—       Orter 

400 

—    undeijosdiike 

419 

Stefl  wixter      • 

4*1 

Tobuliter 

4«7.4<9 

i^era  Corallet 

4«r 

Tungftcn 

af4 

S^eropelare  cantige 

4f« 

Tuppcftenar 

631 

Stjem-fteflar 

4*9 

Turbinuer 

489 

•—        kaiitige 

4f7 

Turcos 

MS 

Stripmahm  StMrutmlm 

30f 

Tyre 

<^3» 

fitrombiter 

489 

fwbrops-lUt 

7» 

^* 

F. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


'  u. 

tJaderjordiska  t^^iAfldiadc 

Tran  418.  4I9 

V. 

Vermiculiter  471 

Vitriol  19 

^    blandad  ,n% 

-^    bla  ao 

r-    gron  ^a 

-—    hvit  ^4 
Vitrioliska  vcgctabilicr    414 

Titrios '  jord  a? 

Vitriols  •  fyra  4 

Volutiter  45O 

w. 

Walfar  4U 

Waik-guld  311 

^^affer-blef  249 

MTatten  Coraller  431 

^Wattcn  Kics  ljj*itf7 

*WaUen-ften  392 

Weisgyldcn  335 

UT^is-Ertz  380t  340 

-—     gediegen  lOf 

Wiimuth-blomma  '  9o8 
— -    kalk  elltr  ockra       ao9 


Wi^muth  •  malm  glantfig. 

Wismuth  -  giants  206 
-^  u-  jcrnhaftig  aog 
Wismuth  -  malm  Ljusgra  207 
— -  —  Skymttnde  aog 
Waglika  Coraller  431 

Waft*Ata«r  fiQ 

Watte  -  Ijus  447 

Waxter  ftenwandlade      399 
Waxters  ftenac  (14 


z. 

Zinck  aia 

—  gedieget  215 
Zifick  glas  -  erts  ibid. 
Zinck-malm  ax  8 

—  ockra  ^2% 
Zinngraopen  319 
ZoophyterAeavvandlade  44$ 
Zvviter  300 


Afiic-ftciutt  627 


Orn<»Aentr  tfl4 

Orter  ftenrvaadlaii        41^ 


V  V 


TJM^ 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


TABLE 

ALPHABETl  Q.  V  ^ 

Jks  matieres  emtenues  dans  lafeconde  Vanie. 


A. 

Anomies 

497 

/\cide  inarin                   .  9 

Antimoine 

194 

—     vierge 

I9< 

—     raincraux                     4 

Anthropoglyphites 

599 

—     nitrcux                         7 

Anchropomorphiles 

5>i 

-r-    phosphoriqu?  Mine 

Apluonatron 

^ 

ral        ,                     JO 

Arbres  &  plantes  ehangics 

-—     vitriolique                     4 

en  terre 

411 

Airtant                            ^3  if 

Ardoire  alumioeuft 

3^ 

Alatitcs                  ,  '         491 

-^     cuivreuft 

^92 

Alcionitcs                    '     4^8 

Argent 

326 

Aftrali  mineral                    6 1 

—     vierge 

in 

-i^     volatil                         <^8 

Arfehic 

»?r 

Alun                                   31 

-^     blanc 

160 

—     natif  ou  tkrgc          yi 

—    jaune 

16% 

Ambrc  gris                       II8 

—     noilr  natif 

161 

•^  '  de  plufieurs  Cbtiletart 

—    —  rouge 

164 

ibid. 

—     ~  tcftaci 

I«s 

—    d'unc  fcuk^couleur  119 

"^    Tierge  ou  blanc 
Asphalt 

.160 

Ammonites                       477 

94 

4^hibies  petrifies,    ^m- 

Afte^ries 

4ff 

^i^phib»lit|iei    V      .    f4? 

— -     coIcyDaaires 
Aftroites 

45« 

Ammaux  penetr^s  d'une 

4W 

fubftancc    fermgi* 

B. 

neufe                        g^ffiL 

—     d'une  fubftaECi?  pyri- 

Balanites 

506 

teufe                         134 

Bafes  d'Enerinites 

4tiO 

.^v/. 

to 

Be. 

Digitized  by 


Google 


ifilemnitd  447 

Jlefojird  des  Antt  ^37 

-e-    de  Beftiaux  6^3 

—  df  Cerf  <3^ 
^  dc  Chevaux  (537 
p«.  de  Cochon  ^36 
•^  d'  Elephans  638 
-^  dc  Porc^Epio  63^ 
-r-  proprerasiK  dit  634 
..^  'de  Rhinoceros  638 
— '  de  Singes  ibid^ 
Biatf  260 
fiiblioliches  405 
Biimuth  203 

—  vicrge  ou  natif  1^05 
Bitumes  89 
— -     de  Jud^c  94 

—  oieles  avec  de  la 
ttrre  97 

Bivalves  493 

Blende  ai8 

-—     crjrl^allifte  Stai 

u^    rouge  Z20 

— —     tenant  or  3f7 

B)ett  de  tnontagni  189 

—  de  PruiTe  naturel  261 
Bois  changes  en  terM  411 
..— -  foffile  419 
h— .    —     conftrvi  dans 

Ton  etat  naturel  ibid. 
— —     mineralir<(^  Vojr.  Vc* 

getaux. 

-^-^    petrifii  4t)I 

9orax  ga 

— -    bnii  %f 

V 


Bucttrditct 

f04 

BuccinitM 

48S 

BaffbniceS 

5f7 

BiOles 

49* 

a 


Ctdavce  humain  minerali-' 

—  perietri  dc  cuivre    f:?3- 

—  pcnetri  de  fcr  ibid, 

—  vitriolifi  yga 
Caillou  arfcnical  i6z 
Calamine  zii 
Calculs  6^3 

—  des  amjmaux,  voy* 

Pierrcs. 

—  des  vegetaux  Yoy» 

Picrres. 

Cardites  fd4 

CarpQlithes  40^ 

Ceodres  des  Volcant  37^ 

Certbrites  fbffiles  43t 

Chamites  foi 

CharboR  fbffile  410 

—  de  pierre  9^ 

—  —  cuivreufd  dg^ 
Chaux  de  Bifmath  ^209 
Chelidoines  63a 
GhryfocoUe  2%6 
Cinoabre  150 
-r-  teaant  ot  3I97 
Cobalt  173 
Cochlitff  4i| 

V  a  Cott«; 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


485 

504 

373 
5^3 

388 


Cocklitcs  lunaires 
-p    —     fcmiluniiret 
Coeur  de  Boeuf 
Conches  anatiferes 

—  fpheriques 
Concretions 
Concombres 
Confctto  di  Trivoli 
Coquilles  fofliles  ou  Tefta' 

cites  4^5 

—  —     calcin^cs  fjz 

—  —     non  chang^   529 

—  .^^    comprimdes   6c 

lecoorbees    533 
•^    —    detruites 
— .     —     niineralifees 

—  * —     alumineufes 
.^    _^     cai\fretsres 
-^     —     ferrugineofes 

—  — .     pyritcufes 

—  —     petriH^s 
-^     —     vermoulucs 

—  —     uftcs 
Conllites 
Coralloides 
Ooriux 

^-*     en  buiflbns 
-^     de  la  forme  de  mon 

noic  437 

-«-  de  Mivkt  pinrecie  413 
-*•     niineralif(6s  ^^^ 

-^  —  fcrrugincot  44^ 
-**•    —    pyritcux  ibid. 

Conjed'  Ammoa  *  ^  477 
-^  de  Narvahl  lofSle  5^9 
Oamcts  490 


fl9 
5*29 
f28 
S26 

467 

ibid. 

414 

413 
411 

4t4 


Cottons  philofophicales  ii} 
Couprcufe  verte  natordle  oi 
Crate  cooUante  jgo 

Cray  ou  Mines  de  Plomb  249 


Crapauds  petrifi^ 
Crapaudines 
Crooodil  petrifii 
Croftacites 
Cryilaux  d'  Btaia 
CuiTre 

—  precipiti 

—  vierge 
Cylindrices 


D. 


548 

548 
f40 

319 

271 

Vi 
a74 
49( 


Daids  d'herUTons  foffilet  fu 


de  pierre 
Deniimecaux 
Dendroiithes 
Deduces 
Dentaliches 
Depot  de  TSau 
Diphyites 
Drabonites 


E. 


^yx* 


520 

144 

401 

4^9 
35? 
f^S 

4^9 


Editnites  fOf 

Borivifes  petrifi^es  f 40 

Bou  de  Brattenborg*       {O0 
B^ffons  d'  ourfins        *  510 
Bg«. 


Digitized  by 


Google 


Bgagropilts  639 

Etneril  ^143 

Empreintcsd'Aoifliibies  549 

—  dcLezardi         ibid. 

—  deSerpMts  550 
>f-«        dc  CoquiUu        514 

—  d'Amonites  517 
*—  dc  BuceiDilit  f  16 
-*-        da  ChamM  ^17 

—  de  Cardites  ibid^ 
•— .       de  Corne  d^  Am- 

noQ  fif 

•^         d'Huicre  516 

— -  de  Lima^oni  ibid. 
-— ^        de  iDammillons  d' 

ourfms  ^i5 

r:-^        de  nianche  de  cou- 

teau 
— r         dc  Moulcs 

—  d'Orthoccratitw 

—  Q*  Ourfins 
.^      ,  de  PatelliCei 
: —         de  Peignes 
~         de  Pholaditei 
*^        de  Pierrtfr  Judai- 

ques  jrl 

*—        de  Pinnttis  ^7 

«—        de  Points  otfiDards 


ibid. 
fi8 


dHeriffoa 
de  Tubulites 
de  Turbinites 
de  Via 
de  Coraux 
tf  Aftroim 
de  Chanqpigpofls  ibid; 
de  Foog^  oeil** 

let  ibid^ 


5^8 

ibid* 
443 


Espraiatft  d'Xnftaei     54A 

—  de  CrafUtttes  oa 

d'Ecrivifiw  ibid. 
— -  d*  Infedes  volans  549 
w         de  Monoclea        f  4(1 

—  de  PoifToas  ^60 

—  des  Aretes  d«  llois^ 

fons  f  6x 

^-r        de  gloffopetvef  ou 

dc   Dents  .  dice  . 

PoifGma  ibid« 
-p»        de  Poiflbn;  eotiera 

560 

uw        de  queue  de  Poi^ 

fons  ibid. 

—  des  Oi&aux         ^67 
-^        des  OS  d'oifeaux  ^tfg 

—  des  plumes  d'oi- 


feaux 
de  vegetiiix 
de  bois 
de  feailjkt 
de  fleurs 
de  fhitt 
de  plantei 
de  tiges  de  pbn* 

tes  ibidi 

de  Zoo^yies  461 
des  Afteries  463 
des  Entfoqoti  ibi(C 
des  Etoilles  de  mer 


ibid. 

410 
ibkk 
ibid. 

40f 


crimtes 
Encrinites 
Entomolithes 
—       ferri^neax 
-•        pyriteux 

V  V3 


ibid. 
4f9 

S38 
54f 
14* 


En- 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ  IC 


MttUoqWA  W  E]ftrMlik«s  454 
-r-     '   tamtufes    -  4f6 

Itfettrim  43^ 

IKldn  316 

•r-f        vitrge  Oil  A«df     318 

fpath  312 

m>^  mkMttlifi  6c  ftri^  ibid. 
Etoiks    dc    mer     petri- 

fi6es  4^1 

v-^  teanchues  petrifi^es  4f^ 
^^    crinites  petrifides      45  j 


Galene  en  Plomb  eti  cik 

bes 
k-«    69  l^mb  mtnerali- 

fie 
-^    dc  Ploflib  ftriie 
Glands  da  met  petrifies 
'Globofites 
Glo(foptlr«9 
Gpaptolitbea 
Grignard 
GryphJtaa 
Guhr  ou  Craye  aoulante 


H. 


v»--  -^  ■ 

929 

^  vierge 

a33 

r^  mnctMi  daas  in  lu 

^   {       non 

af6 

•^.  min^raJifil  dua  k 

(a. 

We 

ar? 

PeHet  d'E^agne-  v 

244 

i^eiulies  pettifi^  ^^ 

4»r 

Fleun  4e  Btfanill  ' 

9»8 

w-'  de  Cobalt. 

I9i 

rrr    de  MioM        ^ 

1^ 

Foagites 

4^S 

Jtaats  ftttifi^ 

4^ 

<?, 

^«Itne  de  Bifyi$^- 

»o« 

^    4^  Cobolt 

l?^ 

30» 

550 
t/fi 


Haiiotkhtf 

Helicites 

HelmiiitolitiMS 

Hematite  jaone 

'n-    neiratre 

-r-    roug^ 

Bippolitkcfs 

HipptwiMs  o*r^iae»-434.4)f 

^ville  9g 

khuUc  de  Vetnlt  ^ 

Huitrw  petrifieas  4^ 

Hyfterolit^n,  51; 


4^ 
4» 
44tf 
»47 

6*' 


Jail  eu  Jajiet 
I(Athyoib(2)«i 


106 
Jcox 


Digitized  byCjOOSlC 


IncruIUdons  3gl 

loledcs  p«trifitev«  Bnto* 

molithes.         '^ 
tHf    dans  les  Svctuii      544 


-ST- 


lU^ermckel 


443 
190 


If 


4f4 
377 
4<58 
4f8 
4»5 
41* 
4of 


/    ^ 


Ltngut.de   Serpent 

Laves 

Lfpadites 

Lf  zardft  petri£is 

Lma^ons 

I^  de  pierte 

\,ith(ictlzmcs 

Litbfifl^yphites  ou  liAmmr' 

1    .       pbites     I  rj^ 

— -    UfHT^fefltans  des  atii- 
I9au:s-  502 

-r-    repr^renlans  d^  ehe* 

les  ardficiolk^     6Qf 

Tr  >  reprtfenuns  dee  figu- 
res bttmaines    :  599 

«—    ifepr^ntMs  des  figt^   ' 
fcs  dp   IMMiema- 
tique  ;  6q6^ 

rqpidentaw  dtsrye- 
geiMK        :      >«04 


LUhophyiei 

Lithophytts 
lathoxyles 
Ifltfus  Helmontii 


i«f. 


405 

411 
401 
395? 


M^drqporites 
Maltha 
Malachites 
MameUont  d'onrfint 
Manche  de  couteauz 
Marchafites 
Matrices  de  ciyftmx 
Mea|)driMs 
Mercure 

—  vitrge 
MetaiiK 

Miea  femiginenm 
— «:    des  peintree 
MtUeporites 
Mtne  d*  Antimoioe  cole 

r^  199 

—  cj^ialliftt  X9t 
«^^    en  pittflie  i^j 

—  folide  '  log 

—  ftfi*^  ISW 
Mine  d* Argent  blanehelui- 

fante  ou 
le 


4^5 

f'o 
504 
131 
617 

41 1 
146 
148 

24^1 

4K 


blanche 
brune 
cornfe 
feuiliei^ 


VT4 


•riindca- 

340 
3K 
338 

33* 
Mi. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


m^    merde  d'  Oye  34$ 

ta-    moIlQ  V  M^^ 

—  noirci  336, 
•—    pierreufe  ^42 

—  oi  plumt  339, 

—  pyriteufe  341 

—  'ougc  ^3j 
— «-^  fablQneufc  343 
^^  vitrcufe  1  929 
^-«  zinqueufe  341 
fAine  d'Arieniii  Uimhi^  l^ 

—  blanche,  cryftalliftk^  |«6^ 

—  pyriuflfe.jaune         l6| 

—  rougMtre^  19O 
Mipe  de  Bifmuth^  fitnrogk 

neufc,  log 

•—    dVne  ms  d<?  eeeirc  107, 
Mme  de.  Cpbj^lt  blinchtj 
,  briXUiote,  176, 

~-.  cendjre^  177^ 

»-     encryftaux  17J> 

—  .AiUureuft  1178 
— '  pierreufe^  Igi 

«f-*^  vitreufe  feahUi|B.4 
^    i       des  fcoiiit  igq, 

Miae  d«  Ci|ivrq  aj^gUtH-. 

*-    aaorAr  479, 

~.    blanche  280. 

ilm.    figurfe  a^i 

*-•  gfife  aft! 

—  hepatique  295 

—  jtune  ^8t 
— •  jaune  pale  394 


JM^e  de  Cpiirre^oiie  ^ok 
triable  i  uD^feorie 
▼ittifite  ago 

—    roi^eatrt  ajS 

—  iaUoB^iife  394 
— ^.    fcrolylable  i  do  char- 

—  verdatre  agj 

—  vitrcvfc  278. 
— r  vitrcufe  noire  aja 
Mige  d[^9tain  cryftidiMi6K  3t<l 
— .  folide.  ;  ^l 
Minil  dc  C<Pi;  blanche  252 
— ^.    bl^clie  tr^  p^fimteaf 4 

—  bleuatrc  241 
— x  cryftallifte  2J4 
-«-  foligineufe^  238 
— .  d'«  grit  df  cendre  s^' 
•— .    limon^ufe  2f6, 

—  roicac6e,  142 

—  mieac^e  rougeatre  x^ 
— .;>  noir^tre  137 
— ^  rouge  1^ 
-^    fabloneufe  ifg 

bon    ^  2f^ 

...^    ftmbJable  &  une  m^. 

cM  dcgrna^  2f4 
Mine>de'Oa|cM  ^il 

nfino  de  Merctre  noiite     i  f  I 

—  WMlft,  150 

»I»«€d'Q|^  nmge  3f7. 

M]Mc4e  HofBk  Uifitte^    * 

-||M*ique      -^      307 

-~^    cryftallifite  304 

—  '  en  'Mbee       *     r   302 
-r    noire  cryAiBifH      309 

Mine 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Mae  dc  Plomb  piovrt    31  % 
~    rouge  309 

-^    fabloneufe  31a 

r--    folfureufe  tt  arfeniT 


ctXt 

306 

b-    .te^reafe 

31* 

—    teffulaire           ( 

304 

*-*    ve'rte 

305 

Mia«  de  ZiM 

«i8 

1^    vitieufc 

•  41  f 

Molybdene 

249 

MdoocIm  pctriMi 

539 

Multivilv«t 

fo6 

MorieilM 

491 

^ufoalkts.  MytoIiMt^ 

ro\ 

Noyaux  de  Olobofites     f la 
— •     de  Leptt  *    519 

— -    de  Limacont  fai 

—  de  Mufculites  5a4 

—  de  Nerites  yii 
^— .    d'  Orthoceratitei  rid. 

Datdi  dc  ^cnrc. 


d'Oftr^cites 

rfOurfins 

de  Pedififees 

de  Pinnkes 

de  Stombites 

de  TcUinittfs 

de  Tuyaux  de  met  519 

dc  Vcrmiciilaires     f  10 

de  Yis  U% 


f2a 

52f 

ibid. 


Pn 


^Aifhthe, 

99. 

N%tfon 

6^ 

Ocre  de  Bifinudi 

2Q9 

Niratilitet 

47* 

—     de  Cobalt 

i8a 

Ncridtes 

48<5 

rr-  •  de  Cuivre  noirt 

391 

Nickel 

i9» 

•f-  >  de  Cuivre  rouge 

ibid. 

NitM 

44 

•^  ■■  de  Per  bleue 

4«r 

li««c  6fmm  '.> 

49* 

—  r—    bhW  ' 

ibid. 

Slajwox  4'  Anomict; 

5«3. 

J-s.    —    jatfnatfe     • 

aa 

«__     de  BoeairikM  - 

^44 

■^--  -—    ro«^'     -' 

'  «f  9 

.^—    de  BMtnm 

fia 

Otm.  de  Rue 

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—  -4ie.aBnMM'' 

5«- 

-r-  {  —    de  Zinc 

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f—     deCasqaet    > 

f". 

0#i|debojeuf        '' 

4tfS 

--     deCoqiAMi< 

f? 

Oiftaux  minerriiaf  - ' 

y«9 

t*-;    deCttoMftlAnnM  ^tr 

-^?  petrifies       '■  • 

5tfr 

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52r 

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5«r 

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^^    des  plumif     «  f  6($ 

Olives  petriiliM;  f  15 

OoUthes  3g3 

Or;  35 t 

^-  blanc  36f 

—  nttif  m^  vitift    ^  §f f 
-^  rependu  dass  diflSsfen- 
^  tes  efpeces   dc  cerres 

ou  de  iables  3fg 

breillcs  dc  ma  469 

Orpiment  1^4 

Orthoceratitii  471 

Os  hiMDainspcitrifi^s  ^79 

Oflfcicts.d'omfinf  fii 

Qft^ocoIIe  jga 

Oftiacites  49} 

Ourluis  de  mtx  petrifi^  f  07 


PjktclUtof  4« 

Pe£tinitQi                 V  >  ^05 

Series                       :  ;    6a« 
Petfi^cations  fv,  F4)ffilt  398 

*r-    d*AiDiibit'i«&  547 

»*-.    de  Coquittci^  4^66 

•^    de  Coraux  4^1- 

-r-    Humaieft^  j7g 

»«^    d'  Infedes  \   f^ 

^<i-!>    de  Poiflbns  .  f^ 

-^    de  QuadrupfdfM  570. 

•^    v^etaks  ,  399 


Petrifieattom  ife  Vte»  446 
Petrole  9c 

Pholadites  fo6 

PhytofjIyphidK  604 

Phytolithes  400 

Pbxcotypolitlies  ¥«d,  Em- 

prelates^ 
Piedra  de  Cobra  67% 

Iftedra  del  Porea  ^j^ 

Pieire  d'  Aigle  ^  6(4 

-r    Aledorienoer  4§i 

-^  .  alumin«ife  MI«L  jf 
•^    aloraineufe  mekMigfo 

de  terre  caleaire    34 
^~,  aluflNoettA  &  bid^ 

mineufe  noiratre    35 

—  calcaire  alumineufe   34 

—  A  anini%|i^  516 
•^  des  beiUaux  6^3 
•r^  ealaminaire  216 
-i^  de  Caftor  4^ 
"•^    de  cochoDs                6jS 

—  Coquillieres  ^34 
«^  .  creafes  ^is 
^vrr.  de  Dragons  ^f 
-r-  d*  Eerevifles  tfif 
-»^  ^oiI6e  tn  gavew  419 
-^  figurte  fg9.  f99 
-«*    ^r^onaftsieiilltt 

:  ou  foppaftfii        609 

*T^    de  GalliQMo  oa  Lai- 

-        thee    .  379 

*«p^    rfHiroiulrie  ejl 

•^  d»iilediHQ«»  631 
-r'  .  humaine^  ,  -^^  639 
-T«    mali«  4e:  felgsaiM    st 

.    .  Pio. 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


^-r-      d«S   IDMS  ij2 

—     Judtiquif     '  5 13 

*-*a    lenticttteiref  484 

r^     de  Liraa^onf  •  61$^ 

.^. —     literair^s  6ai 

•^tr-    numismlfr  494 

T—    Obfidienne  ond^Oali  .. 

linm,  -     37« 

>^  ovairc  :.  .  •  383 
Bierres  peintes  590 

«^    avec  der;MifiiA]r     f9a 
v-^     tvec  dercboiin  arti"^ 
.    .  licielits  f96 

«9*-    tvec  des  corps  cc« 

leflcs  *  f^ 

•—    tvec  des  figures  hu* 

naisor  f  91 

•ii^  tve(  dfts  vegoltvx  f  9^ 
Pierre  de  Pingouin  63I 
ii^-'    de  Poiflbn  4t  Bel-    '- 

.  lugt  •  tfjo 
«^  du  Poux  de  ner  62S 
.^^  de  petite  verole  6j^ 
Pierres  ponces  -  )y6 
•»—  de  ferpenti  .  ^  6l!i 
' —  QiiombtA  T  en 
«^  taillces  613 
* — :  detortues-  63c 
'i — .  trochleaires  464 
•^«  de  vautours  ^f§ 
*«-  .  de  vegetauz  614 
•^^    formies  danrtfof  Te 

getaux  ibkK^ 

w^    ttti^radM  duM  der   ^ 

VcgetaqjK  €9f 


Pierres  dc  vegftaux  vitrio- 

liques  2g 

—    -*    ptmiter  ^dj 

Pietrm  d*  Aveniarx       .    6eg 
PJantes  imprimees  far  les 
^    ^       I»f  BKs.  vidti  Em-  ^  - 

preintes. 
— *    petrifi^QS  ^ 
Platine 
Wimb 

1-^    natif  on  iritrfB 
Points  d'  heriflfons 

les  ^  sfi 

EoiflTons  mineralifi^  f  ^ 

P^Mfons  petrifite  f^i 

-^     aretes  de  poiflotis    5'^^ 
— ^     des  ouies  de  poPiflws 

pctrifide^  *  -    ^^51 
queues  de  poiflbns  553 


400 


foff: 


301 


—  tete  de  poifTons 
Poix  mineral 
PDrccUamtei 

POfCS  ...      . 

^t?-^^  formds  dans  Teau- 
•«^  formes  dans  le  feu 
Borpiees  :  ^^ 

?dodu£tions  d^  voIciMf 
Ptirpurites      "»    *^      *  ' 
Pfrite  blanche  ^ 

aW    brune  mar(iafo 
-M    cendrie      -  •     f 

—  ctyOMUXh  ^  - 
4^;  en  gtobakf^^^  — 
-^^    fulfureufe  Mnrme- 


5^2 

4f3 

379 

m 

37f 

itfT 

131 
129 
12a 


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Google 


Qoadfupedet  pattifi^s      f  70. 
*-•    cerne  tk  qoadnipe- 

des  S'TS 
—    ot  d«  qiaadnfwdes  571 

kaeinet  petrifi^  404 

r-    chang^  «ii  terr^  413 

Refidto  .  }9t. 

Hetepofitet  433 

Hhsmbitet  49I 

Ithizolithes  ■  404 

lUchers  -  491 

RoulMitx  ibid. 

Ilewge  d'  lad*.  3^. 


.        S. 

S«We  de  coquiOw 

—  d*  Etain  ' 
Sa^ts 

^IS 

••—  aeidei 

Sal  aDMii 

'-^    de  fontaioM 

—  terrcuz 
*—  .  voIatUe 
Sd  Ammoniac 

-^    —    en  cMotaa 
^—    —    de-  ▼oteaw 
1^    —    ftw 
Sel  de  chaux 
Sei  eonmuQ 


534 

487 
i 

4. 

63 

6t 

f  7 
>ibid. 

79 
7f 
73 


Sel  comtnM  de  fcntekit  57 
w.  —  gemmemiftffile  f; 
— •    -—    marifl  om   dc 

euifaie  f  r 

Sel  de  craie  jf 

Sel  iriural  64 

•i^    —    nitreoz  46 

Sel  neutrt  70 

— .    —    calcain  71 

-T    -r-.    poc  ^ 

Salpetre  44 

—  dtli*Hfcgr  46 
Scocie  arroodie  37g^ 
Stq>eDs  petrifite  549 
Sint^  389 
-w:  gypfens  391 
Solenhcs.  5*04 
^ommeet  d'EKioques  450 
Soode  Ufmche  d'EgypuP^ 

-rrr,    flitlaag^     ;  i^ 

•?r    nadf  ou  vierge        104 

§^^•^.w  I7S-  387 

.«    calcaires  ^79 

—  gypfottfer  391 
•-  «  gypfeofe^  d'  os  ti(i 

lu  fpathens  39^ 

<T-    fpatheirfes  396 

Stalagmites   ^  3^^ 

$i0kchitef^  4t>i 

SMlites  4fi 

— «    oriiiJtM  453 

StRMDbites  4g9 
SubftttiG«  iaflauMiblis    gg 

Succia           ^  log 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Tellinites 
Tcrcbratuli(es 
Terrc  i^Ioiuineufe 

—  arfeiiicale 

—  bituniineafc 

—  nitrcufe 

—  dc  fcl  gcmme 

—  vicriolique 
Tiges  petrifies 
Tonnites 
Tortue  petrifi^e 
Toupies 

Toutbe  aluiaineufe 
Trochites 
TrochiJices 
Trompette 

Tubulices  J^^y, 

Tnf 

—  d'un  aflremMage  de 

corps  coniqucs      39^ 

—  fabloncuK  357 
Turbinites  '  ^^ 
7\irquoife  ^j^ 
Tuyauz  dt  mer  ^^ 
•—  cloifonn^  ^71 
Typdithes  v,  Smprtinttff 

K 

Vtri«Iitef  gjj 

Vcgeuttx  changfc  en  mi. 

neraux  4I4 

•"^    dovcnustcrrt  413 


504 

497 

3} 

169 

97 
4S 
f4 

17 
40f 
492 

f47 
487 
33 
4f3 
487 
488 
469 
394 


-^    mincralifllr   ilumi- 
neux 

—  bitumineux 

—  cuivreux 
-*-    ferrugiaeux 

—  pyriteux 
— *     vicrioliques 
Verd  dc  montagac 
Vcrmicolithcs 
Vers  petrifies 
Vis 
Vitriol 

—  blieu  ou  de  cofvre 

—  meli  ou  hermaphrt^ 

dita  2f 

—  verd  la 
• —  de  zinc  ^4 
Umtome  foffile  v«  Coin 

de  NavahU 
Univalves  468 

Voiliers  .   476 

Voltttites  41^ 


.415 
ibid. 

418 
417 
416 
414 
286 

471 

446 

489 

19 

20 


r. 

Yvoir  foiSIe 

Z. 

Zine 

-—    vierge  on  sadf 

Zooglyphitcs 

Zodithes 

Zoophytes  mineralifts 

—    —    ferrogineiuc 

"^    —    pyriteux 

Zoophytolithfs 


f73 


an 

$0% 
f70 

4^3 

464 

ibid. 

447 


RE- 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


REGISTER 

DEUTSCHE N   NAMEN 

d  e  r  . 

Em  -  anen  uni  Stein*  wUcbfe. 


A. 


bdrUcke  von  Att|)hi 

1 

bien 

f49 

von  Eidexen 

Ibid. 

voft  ScWingcti 

SSO 

von  Coiiehylien 

5U 

AHomiten 

fi7 

AnMnonshorn 

5»? 

Bucarditen 

5ir 

Bocciniten 

516 

Canaliten 

5If 

Chaniiten 

V7 

Echiniten 

518 

Jadenfteinft. 

S19 

Mufculiten 

U7 

Orthoc««ck6a 

^H 

Oftftcitcn 

ei« 

Patellitcn 

51^ 

Peainitea 

Si? 

Pholaditc^ 

ft* 

Pinniten 

fi7 

See  -  IgelAachefai 

5»8 

Soleniten 

fi7 

AbdrQcke  von  Turbim- 

..^    Warzen  der  Echini- 
ten  fij 
---    Corallen                   444 

—  Aftroiten  ibid* 
-—    Augender  Corallcn^ 

SchvUmme  ibid« 

—  Firchen  560 

—  ganzea  Ftfi^bM       ibid. 

—  Graten  f6i 

—  Schwantzoft  560 

—  ZUhnen  561 

—  Infeften  f*^ 
-^  fliegenden  toffden  543 
•7-  monoclen  541 

—  Sclyaaltbioren   o4fr. 

Kre6feil  541 

:^    KrSutern.  *  403 

—  Biattern  410 
-*- ;  Bluhmen  ilbiA^r 

—  FrQcfatin  ibMl« 
^  Holx  ibii 
-^    PflanzfD  ,.  40^ 

—  Stengeln  ibid 

Ab- 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


AbdrOcke  Yon  V8g^     ^67 
— •    Vogelfedern  568 

■**-    Vogdknochcn         ibid. 
'^    Zoophyttn  odcrWDr- 

men  4^a 

•—  '  von  Aftcrittt  ibid. 

^^    Entrochiten  463 

-^    Secuernen  46a 

-«-  tgebarteten  Scefttrnen 

ibid. 
A^erftein  tti4 

Alaun  31 

—  gediegener  31 
AU«n.crdc  ^3 
Alaunhaltigc^Confcbylicn  $26 
-^  Gew^chfe  41^ 
u-  Turf  33 
Altun  -  Kalkfteia  34 
-jii.  '  fchw^ar2er  j^ 
^-.  fchiefer  36 
Alkalifches  Safz  *  ^l 
-^  Brunnenfalx  ^3 
.^  flucbrjges  68 
Alp-fchoife  447 
Ambra                              1 18 

—  gefpr&kelter  ibid« 
-*^  cinfarbigcr  119 
Attimons  Hdrnci^  477 
Am^hibien  verileinertt  f  47 
Antiniiten  S.  Terebratebu 
Apfanfteine  6^8 


Atffenic 


^?7 


—  gediegener  weifler  16& 
-^  —  fchvihirzct  161 
Arftnicalifche  Erdt  169 


Arfenicalifcber  Kies  gelber 

168 
—     —     grauer  16'/ 

Afche  der  feuerijA^endea 

Bergen  37X 

Aftacoliten  S.   Kreblen* 
Afterien  4^7 

A'ftroiten  429 

Atlas -Ertz  288 

Atranrentftein  17 


lb. 


Bachftellzen  ^  (leine  631 

Baltfnicen  ^06 

Bairam  oatQrlicher.  S.  Berg- 

balfam. 
Bauer  •  Ertz  jOi 

Beinbrftchftein  38^ 

Bdeinniten  S^  Lucbsfteine^ 
Bergbalfam  89 

Bergblau  ^^^ 

Bergfettc  89 

BerggrQa  ^86 

Berg-Eier  129 

Beri  -  Pech  94 

-^    —    Erdc  57 

Berg  -  Theer  9^ 

Bergtorf  S^  Berpeeh^Erde. 
Bcrgzttnder  34^ 

Berlinerblau  natQrlieb^s  a6l 
Beraftein  1O8 

—    mit  eingefchloffcnen 

InfefUa  ^44 

Be- 


Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Bezoaifteine  534 

Biberfteine  6^7 

Bildfteine  f  99 

*^     gemachte  609 

—    die  kUnftlichcr  Ar- 
beit gleichen        804 
•M    von  mathematifchei 

Figur  608 

K«    die  dem  Menichen 
Oder  dcflen  Thei- 
len  gleichen         f  99 
— ^    die  Pflanzcn  und  de- 
ren  Theilen  glei- 
chen 604 
c^    die  Thief  en  oder  de« 
rer  T)ieilen  glei- 
chen                  60% 

Bimf-fteine  ^76 

Bitterfiilz  7I 
Bituminifirte  Gew&chfe    41  f 

Bicuminfire  Erden  97 

Blatterfteine  619, 

Blauer  Vitriol  ao. 

Blende  2x8 

-~    cryftallifirte  121 

:^    tothe  220 

Bley  09^ 

~    gediegen  301 

Bleyglants  30a. 

—  cryftallillrter  304 

—  ttrahlichcr  oder  (jpeis- 

figer  .jof 

Bleyerde  oder  Ocher  31^ 

Bleyfandertz  ibid«. 

Bleyfchwcif  306 


Bleyfpath  odtT  iBitytrtz 

r-    gruner  ^ 

—  rothcr  g^jj^ 

—  fchwarzer  ibid. 
-^  weiiTer  jq^ 
Bleyftein  kalkartigtr  310 
Blucftein  24^ 
"-  gelbiger  ^^ 
Blatter  verileinerte  40; 
Blatter -Ertz  345 
Boy-Salz  y^ 
Borax  gi 
Borech  gf 
Braunertz  j  ^jg 
Brattenbtttgifehe  nmnitt* 

ge  ^(fi 

Brunnen-Salz  57 

Bucarditen  504 

Buccinitm  4gg 

Bufoniten    .  ^fj 

Buntfenileine  fij 

BaUe  639 


C 


Caryophilliten 

Cementkupfer 

Cinnober 

Chamicen 

Cochliten 


461 

150 
501 

4^48S 


Conchylien  abgennzte      f  33 

—  calcinirte  J31 

—  gedracktc  ^3} 

—  mineralifirtc  fif 

—  unverandcrtc  ^19 

Cos- 


Digitized  by 


Google 


Ctmsbyliefl  vctdtiMftt 

^    —  verft5hrte  $-31 

—.    —  wurnallichliche  f33 

Copal  m 

Corallen*  Corallftcind  411 

Corall-Hol:^  443 

CorallifcVe  HippttriUrt  434 

Corall-Pfennigc  437 

Corallrindc  433 

Corall-^  Schwjtnmc  438 
Crocodil-  Scelec  verdel^ 

nert  08 

Cryftallmuttet  ^17 

CuculUten  490 

Cylindriten  491 

Cyprifchcr  Vitriol  io 


Eyftcirt  ,  583 

Eifcn  119 

-^     gedic|erl  i^$ 

Eifen  -  Ertz  blautichei  94! 
-^    —  braunes  oder  rufli- 

giJs  134 

-— i»    —  kohlfpicglcndcs 

BraAdertz  1ft 
-^  -^  Cfyftalltbrrtiigcs  13^ 
— ^     —  fchwarzcs  i37 

— ^    _  weilTes  aji 

Eifenglan:^  241 

Eifenglimracif  ibid;  ^ 

Eifcnhaltigc  Vcrftcineron- 

gen  2/Ja 

_    --*    Conchyli^n        ^28 

—  —  Corallen  4^^ 
.^  -^  Gcwachse  417 
-—     — ^     Inlcdcn  f4^ 

—  —    MenfchenkBr- 


per 

,f83 

©cndriten 

^95 

—    -9^     Zoophyten 

odtr 

Dcponirtc   Erde  nach  Uc- 

Wiirmi 

1? 

bdtrchwemmungen 

39^ 

Eifeukies 

Diphyten 

f^3 

Eifcnrabnl 

26i 

Oonncrkeile 

447 

Eifenockef  blauer 

]}rachen(leta 

419 

—     —     briunc^ 

ibid. 

JDraconiten 

619 

«--    -^    gclbcr 

«f8 

DQcl^ciii 

391 

— •    — ^     rocher 

2«9 

EiTenrand 

a?f 

JB. 

Eifenfteirt    grauer   K^dtr 

graublaulichcr 

'*?9  , 

Eckel  VSgclftclne 

rf^3l 

—     —    rothcr 

24^ 

X^chiniten 

<07 

—     —    wciffcr  demQra- 

Eidexe  verfteiiierte 

f48 

natileiu  ahnllGher     if 4 

Eingehauetc  Sceiai 

6C3 

Eifen -Vitrial 

31 

X  X 

Ele- 

Digitized  by  VjOOQ IC 


Elephantenfteine 

6}S 

Encriniten 

4^9 

Englisches  Roth 

360 

Entrochiten 

4r4 

Erelfteine 

637 

Fahl .  Ertz  377 

Fahlkupfer-  Ertz  aSi 

Feder-Ertz  33^ 

—  Antimonialifches       197 
Fifchc  vcrftciheste  y^i.  552 

—  Flofsfcdcrn 

—  Fifchgritea 

—  Kopfe 
-r-     SchwJlnze 
Pifche  mineralilirte 
Fifchfchifcr  mit  Abdru- 

ckcn,  St  AbdrQcke^ 
FHch mauler  ^  .  ^gg 

Fliegeufittiges  Silbererz  293 

161 

SS7 
406 

548 

434 


ibid. 

in 

a62 


Fiicgcnpulver 
Frofchftcinc 
Fi-Qchte  verlteinerte 
FrSfche  vcrftcijicrtc 
.  Fungitcn 

Gagatk 

Galaiey 

Ocformic  StciiKi     fs^. 

Gcfarchctc  Steine 

Gcierftcinc 

Gelbor  Eiftnocber ' 


106 

216 

613 
620 

<J33 


Gelenkftcint  4(0 

Gemahlce  Sceine  f9o 

•—    mit  himmlifchcn  K5r- 
pern  ibid. 

—  mit    verfchiedenen 

durchKuoft  ge- 
mahlten  Sachen    59^ 

—  mit    Mcnfchcnbil- 

dern  591 

—  niit   verfchiedeDcn 

Pflanzen  593 

— «    mit   verfchiedenen 

Thicren 
Gienmufcheln 
GifcKies 

Gilbe  Silberhaltigc 
Gilft  Oder  Gilfas 
Glanzertz 
Glasertz 

—  Kupfer 

—  weifles 
QIaskopf  fchwarzer 
Glaubers  Wunderfalz 
Globoliten 
Gold 

—  gediegcn 

—  wafch 

—  weifles 
Goldkies 

Goldartfge  Blende 
Goldifcher  Zionober 
Grjrphiten 
Guhr 
Gypsfiuter 

—  fpaurtiger 


1(58 
346 
30 

3^1 
319 

^7t 
3n 
244 

70 

492 
3U 
3?f 

^« 
365 

ibid. 

495 

38O 

391 


Oln- 


Digitized  by 


Google 


H. 


Hahienfteme 
HalbmetalU 

Heliciteo 

HertzfBrtnige  Mttfchtbi 

Hippuriten 

Hirrcheoftoin^ 

HbU  alaanichtes 

-^    bitumindfes 

- —    verftei&ertef 

...    uoterirdifches 

Holzgraupen 

Hornercz.  Hornfilber 

HJSrner    gegubent  4«s 

Nifval 
--^    VOQ  vierf&ffigen  Thie 

rcn  57f 

Hyfterolichea  5:23 


418 


144 
68 
48* 
5*4 
434 

4it 
ibid. 

401 

•  419 
a93 
332 


?f9 


Jkieobsnttfcheln  fOl^ 

ladiaoifche  Schlangenftti* 

ne  618 

Inftden  vetfieintrtf         538 
Isl^fldifchec  Achat  378 

Judenaadela  512 

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EXP-LICATIO 

FIGVRARVM   IN    TABVLA  !!*• 


E 


ig.'  26.  Vitriolum  cupri  cryftallifatum ,   cryftallis 
dodecagdricis ,  cfn  p.  to. 
Fig.  a7.  Vitiiolum  Martis  ;    cryftallis  rfiomboidali* 

bus,  hcxaedricis.  p,  22. 
Fig,  28.  Vitrioluui  Zinci ,    cryftallis   dodccaftdricis 

prismaticis.  p.  24. 
Fig.  29,  Alumen  ,  cryftallis  oftoedricis,  cfr.  p.  31. 
Fig.  30.    Nitrum  cryftallis'  hexangularibus  prisma- 
ticis ,    apice  hexagdro  parum    ad  unum  lams 
inclinante  ,  cfr,  p.  44. 
Fig«  31.  Muriafeu  Sal  communis,  cryftallis  cubicis, 

hexafidris  p.  53* 
Fig.  3  2.   Sal  neucrum ,    cryftallis  priftnaticis  oAoS" 

dris  p,  70. 

Fig.  33-  Sal  ncutrum  pyramidale   cavum^   cryftallis 

pyramidalibus  quadrilateribus  cavis.  cfr.  p.  74. 

Fig.  34^  Borax,  cryftallis  oflaedris  prifmaticis^  p.  8»* 

Fig.  3?.  Borax,    cryftallis   prifmaticis   hexa5dris  vcl 

figura  quadrata  oblonga^  p.   81. 
Fig.  36.  A.  &  B,  Tophus  turblnatus.  p.  396. 

L.  A.  Superius  ftratum,  corn's  turbinaris^  mul- 

tiplici  cortice  concentrico  praediris, 
L.  B.  inferius  ftrarum ,  conis  vacuis  ,  qui  prio* 
ribus  correspondent  &  eosdem  in  fe  red- 
piunt. 
F<5*  37.  Jscult  lapidea^  p,  520. 
L.  a,  cum  eftrgie  hmar. 
L.  b.  cum  eftigie  Inna?  falcarar, 
I.,  c,  cum  eftigie  luna;  iHrefccndi^ 


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